精品解析：福建省泉州市南安市2023-2024学年八年级上学期11月期中英语试题

南安市2023-2024学年度上学期初中期中教学质量监测 初二年级英语试题 （满分150分；考试时间：120分钟） 学校________ 班级________ 姓名________ 考号________ 注意事项： 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。非选择题答案用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上相应位置书写作答，在试题卷上答题无效。 Ⅰ. 听力（共三节，20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 第一节 听句子 听下面五个句子，从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图中选出与句子内容相符的选项。（每个句子读两遍） 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. 第二节 听对话 听下面七段对话，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。（每段对话读两遍） 6. What is wrong with Bob? A. He has a cough. B. He has a fever. C. He has a headache. 7. How often does Li Hua skate? 8. What is Tom doing? A. Watching TV. B. Reading in the sun. C. Playing computer games. 9. When will they meet? A. At 8:30. B. At 9:00. C. At 9:30. 听第5段对话，回答第10、11小题。 10. How does Peter feel? A. Happy. B. Sad. C. Excited. 11. Which sport did Peter do badly in? A. The long jump. B. The high jump. C. Cycling. 听第6段对话，回答第12、13小题。 12. What does the girl have for breakfast? A. A sandwich. B. Strawberries. C. An Egg and some milk. 13. What is the relationship(关系) between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and nurse. 听第7段对话，回答第14、15小题。 14. Who is in hospital? A. Jim. B. Sally. C. Mike. 15. How long will the patient(病人) stay in hospital? A. For a week. B. For four weeks. C. For two weeks. 第三节 听下面对话 根据你所听到的对话内容，完成下面表格，每空填一词。（对话读三遍） Ben’s Information (信息) Grade Grade 16 School life A little 17 Which team to join The 18 team How to learn history By 19 to a lot of history stories What to eat 20 noodles Ⅱ. 选择填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。 1. —Jane could you show the newspaper ________ your dad? —Sure. A. to B. in C. from 2. — There ________ an English party in our school next week. — How exciting! A. are going to be B. is going to be C. is going to have 3. She spends two hours ________ in the gym every Monday. A. dances B. dance C. dancing 4. —________ do you work every day? —About 8 hours. A. How many B. How long C. How often 5. —Would you mind ________ I park my bike here? —Of course not. Go ahead. A. whether B. that C. if 6. —The heavy rain didn’t ________ us from going outside. —Oh, you shouldn’t do that next time. A. prevent B. plan C. prefer 7. —Follow the doctor’s ________ and you will get better soon. —I hope so. A. advice B. article C. answer 8. You should ________ this bad habit, or you will have a toothache. A. get up B. put up C. give up 9. —When will you finish your homework? —I need ________ another two hours. A. at once B. at least C. at first 10. —I’m afraid I can’t do well in the relay race tomorrow. —Don’t worry. I’m sure you will ________ win. A. suddenly B. certainly C. heavily 11. You should learn some living skills to look after ________. A. yourself B. herself C. myself 12. —Is your mother ill? —No, ________. She’s just a little tired. A. anything serious B. nothing serious C. something serious 13. You ________ always be careful when you cross the street. A. may B. can C. must 14. —What do you know about James Naismith? —He was ________ for inventing basketball for his students. A. necessary B. famous C. bad 15. —________ finish your homework first? —That’s a good idea. A. Why not B. How about C. Would you like III. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 I was always tall for my age. But I was not very sporty. Other kids could do things in sports that I just couldn’t do, like throwing ____16____ baseball. The ball would fall out of my ____17____ on the ground about three meters away. In Grade 7, we got a new teacher. He took a look ____18____ me and said, “This school needs a basketball team, and you are going to be the star!” I laughed (大笑), and my friends laughed even more. “Darlene doesn’t even know what a ____19____ is!” said one of my friends. The new teacher said, “Don’t worry. I’ll show you ____20____ she can do.” Every day after school, I ____21____ the new teacher. After a few weeks, I became good at ____22____ the ball into the basket from close range (近距离). The season came and went, and I practiced ____23____. I didn’t do very well, ____24____ I learned something about myself that season. Now I’m not ____25____ enough to make it to the high school team. But I think I will be next year. It’s exciting to find something about yourself and to realize that you are what you make of yourself. 16. A. a B. an C. / 17. A. arm B. hand C. foot 18. A. for B. on C. at 19 A. baseball B. soccer C. basketball 20. A. which B. what C. where 21. A. shouted at B. played for C. worked with 22. A. fighting B. kicking C. putting 23. A. hard B. easily C. fast 24. A. but B. so C. and 25. A. safe B. good C. careful IV. 阅读理解（共两节，25小题；满分45分） 第一节 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） A Singapore (新加坡) started to put labels (标签) on every drink this year. The labels are from A to D. A is the healthiest (最健康), and D is the least healthy. The more sugar and saturated fat (饱和脂肪) a drink has, the less (更少) healthy the drink is. Grade A Water Unsweetened (不加糖的) tea Milk with no fat <1% sugar <0.7% saturated fat Grade B Low-fat milk Diet drinks such as Diet Coke 1-5% sugar <1.2% saturated fat Grade C Full-fat milk Flavor-added (添加) milk Sweetened tea, drinks 5-10% sugar <2.8% saturated fat Grade D Most soft drinks Energy drinks Juice >10% sugar >2.8% saturated fat 26. Which of the following is the healthiest? A. Full-fat milk. B. Low-fat milk. C. Flavor-added milk. D. Milk with no fat. 27. How much saturated fat may Diet Coke have? A. 1.1%. B. 1.2%. C. 1.3%. D. 1.4%. 28. According to (根据) the text, sweetened tea is in ________. A. Grade A B. Grade B C. Grade C D. Grade D 29. If Lily likes sugar best, which one may she buy first? A. Diet drinks. B. Water. C. Energy drinks. D. Unsweetened tea. 30. In which section of a newspaper can you probably (可能地) read the text? A. Music and art. B. Life and health. C. Sports and travel. D. History and story. B One day, a little monkey and a little fox (狐狸) went out to play. They saw an apple tree on the other side of the river. There were many big and red apples on it. But there was no bridge over the river. The monkey thought hard and had an idea. They pushed down (推倒) a tree and put it over the river as a bridge. The monkey said, “My old friend, you go there first.” But after the fox went to the other side, he kicked the tree into the river and ran to the apple tree. “How can I get there without the tree?” cried the monkey. The fox laughed and said, “You just stand there and watch me eating the apples.” The monkey was very angry. Suddenly it began to rain. The water level (水位) in the river rose (上涨) and the tree ran away with the water. “Goodbye, my friend. I want to go home for my lunch. You can eat all the apples, but you can’t come back.” shouted the monkey. The fox stopped eating and looked at the monkey sadly. 31 What did the monkey and the fox want to do on the other side of the river? A. Build a bridge. B. Go to play. C. Push down a tree. D. Eat the apples. 32. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to (涉及)? A. The fox. B. The tree. C. The monkey. D. The apple. 33. The fox could not come back because ________. A. there was no bridge B. he ate too many apples C. the monkey took away the tree D. he couldn’t come down from the apple tree 34. When may the story happen? A. In the morning. B. In the night. C. In the evening. D. In the afternoon. 35. What can we learn from the story? A. The fox was friendly. B. The fox thought of the good idea. C. One shouldn’t care only about himself. D. The monkey and the fox went home together. C The Adventures (奇遇,冒险) of Pinocchio, also Pinocchio, is a story for children. It is about the adventures of Pinocchio and his father. There are interesting things about Pinocchio. Every time he tells a lie (说谎), his nose begins to grow and gets longer. But when a person lies, what happens? Scientists from the US studied two groups of people. They told the first group to tell no lies. They didn’t say anything to the second group. The study went on for 10 weeks. As a result (结果), the “no-lie” group was healthier than the second one. They didn’t have as many headaches as before. They were happier and got closer to people. They were more popular. More people liked being around them. Because they didn’t have to think a lot to make up for their lies, said the study. Lies make most people uncomfortable. Your heart beats (跳动) faster. A part of your brain (大脑) wakes up (苏醒). It usually turns on when the person is afraid or about to run away. So don’t tell lies—you’ll feel better that way. 36. How does the writer start the text? A. By telling a story. B. By playing a game. C. By talking about health. D. By giving numbers. 37 Why were the people in the first group happier? A. They often tell lies. B. They have as many headaches as before. C. They didn’t say anything to the second group. D. They needn’t think a lot to make up for their lies. 38. What does the underlined word “uncomfortable” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A. 不兴奋的 B. 不适应的 C. 不舒服的 D. 不友好的 39. What may happen if you tell a lie? ①Your heart beats faster. ②A part of your brain wakes up. ③It makes you get closer to people. ④It make most people uncomfortable. A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④ 40. What is the structure (结构) of the text? A. B. C. D. D The 19th Asian Games was held in Hangzhou from September 23 to October 8, 2023. The Asian Games is the largest sporting event in Asia. Its predecessor (前身) was the Far Eastern Games. In 1948 Guru Dutt Sondhi, the leader (领袖) of Indian sports, felt that the Far Eastern Games were not good enough for Asian sports and the spirit of Asian people, and suggested building the Asian Games so that all Asian countries could take part in. China hosted two Asian Games in Beijing and Guangzhou in 1990 and 2010. The Hangzhou Asian Games was the third Asian multi-sport event held in China, with 12,417 players from all the 45 Asian countries and regions (地区) taking part in. Some sports are popular among young people. They first appeared (出现) such as break dance and e-sports. Weiqi, a mind sport, returned to the Hangzhou Games after it appeared at the Guangzhou Games in 2010. On August 25, two sports culture shows kicked off (启动) in Hangzhou to celebrate the Asian Games. It surely impressed (使留下深刻印象) all the people in Asia, and left a legacy (传奇) of a smart and green event for people. 41. How many days did the 19th Asian Games last? A. 14. B. 15. C. 16. D. 17. 42. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The history of the Asian Games. B. The date of the Asian Games. C. The hosting of the Asian Games. D. The athletes of the Asian Games. 43. What do we know about the Hangzhou Asian Games? A. Hangzhou hosted the Games twice. B. E-sports first appeared in the Games. C. Weiqi was a mind sport for the first time in the Games. D. There were 12,417 players from all the 45 Asian countries. 44. Which of the following event is new in the Hangzhou Asian Games? A. B. C. D. 45. Where does this text probably come from? A. A play. B. A story. C. A newspaper. D. A book. 第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 We are what we eat. How to keep us healthy? Often our mothers tell us what to eat. So their advice is usually good for our health. Eating fruit is one of it. There is lots of delicious fruit in autumn. Many people like fruit because it is sweet. ____46____ The answer is very easy. ____47____ For some trees, the key to survival (生存) is growing sweet fruits. ____48____ For example, bears like apples’ sweet taste. ____49____ After the seeds (种子) are excreted (排泄) by the bears, a new tree could grow. Moving the seeds to a different place is important for a new tree’s healthy start. In this way, it won’t compete with its parent tree for water or the sun. ____50____ If you’ve once tried a lemon (柠檬), you know it’s a different taste. But some animals enjoy lemons. They help lemon trees spread seeds. A. Of course, not all fruit is sweet. B. But do you know why fruit is sweet? C. Fruit is sweet because trees are clever. D. In this way, they can get animals to help spread (传播) their seeds. E. They eat apples and carry the seeds across the forest (森林) in their stomachs. V. 情景交际（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据情景提示，完成下列各题。 51. 同学打破了你的杯子，对你说“I’m sorry”，你可以这样回答： ______________________________________________________. 52. 你因咳嗽去看医生，医生想知道症状多久了，他会这样问： _______________________________________________________ like this? 53. 你提醒对方不要到处乱扔垃圾，可以这样说： Don’t _______________________________________________________. 54. 你想要David接电话，可以这样说： I’d like _______________________________________________________. 55. 你和朋友要去野炊，你想知道需要带什么，你可以这样问： ______________________________________________________? Ⅵ. 看图写话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。 56. Will leave, tomorrow _______________________ 57. too much, bad _______________________ 58. often, change _______________________ 59. pass, Sam _______________________ 60. play, yesterday _______________________ VII. 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Zhou Yan, a middle school student, wishes he never got a mobile phone (手机). Last week, he ____61____ (go) to see a doctor because his arms and fingers were hurt. The doctor told him that he had “mobile phone disease”. And a lot of students ____62____ (be) getting the disease now. Zhou Yan got his mobile phone five ____63____ (month) ago. He used it all ____64____ time even when going to bed. He didn’t do his homework ____65____ (careful) and did badly in the exams. His mother was very angry ____66____ him. He didn’t stop ____67____ (play) with the mobile phone until his arms got hurt. Yang Ling, a doctor, says that if a student ____68____ (use) his mobile phone too much, like Zhou Yan, he might get “mobile phone disease”. If students find their arms or fingers hurt, they should go to the hospital as soon as ____69____. Yang Ling says students should try to use ____70____ (they) mobile phones less (更少). VIII. 书面表达（满分15分） 71. 每年的6月6日是我国的“爱眼日”，可见保护中小学生的视力非常重要。为此，学校将在英语文化节期间举行一场“爱眼日”英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下表格写一篇英语演讲稿，谈谈你对保护视力重要性的认识和建议。词数80左右。 参考词汇：awareness (认识)，fewer (更少的)，e-products (电子产品)，protect (保护) Awareness Be important Advice Use fewer e-products Do eye exercises See more green plants ... 注意事项： 1. 必须包含所有信息，可适当发挥，开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名和校名。 Dear friends, June 6 is our country’s Sight Day. As we know, eyes are the windows to the soul. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you! 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 南安市2023-2024学年度上学期初中期中教学质量监测 初二年级英语试题 （满分150分；考试时间：120分钟） 学校________ 班级________ 姓名________ 考号________ 注意事项： 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。非选择题答案用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上相应位置书写作答，在试题卷上答题无效。 Ⅰ. 听力（共三节，20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 第一节 听句子 听下面五个句子，从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图中选出与句子内容相符的选项。（每个句子读两遍） 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. 第二节 听对话 听下面七段对话，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。（每段对话读两遍） 6. What is wrong with Bob? A. He has a cough. B. He has a fever. C. He has a headache. 7. How often does Li Hua skate? 8. What is Tom doing? A. Watching TV. B. Reading in the sun. C. Playing computer games. 9. When will they meet? A. At 8:30. B. At 9:00. C. At 9:30. 听第5段对话，回答第10、11小题。 10. How does Peter feel? A. Happy. B. Sad. C. Excited. 11. Which sport did Peter do badly in? A. The long jump. B. The high jump. C. Cycling. 听第6段对话，回答第12、13小题。 12. What does the girl have for breakfast? A. A sandwich. B. Strawberries. C. An Egg and some milk. 13. What is the relationship(关系) between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and nurse. 听第7段对话，回答第14、15小题。 14. Who is in hospital? A. Jim. B. Sally. C. Mike. 15. How long will the patient(病人) stay in hospital? A. For a week. B. For four weeks. C. For two weeks. 第三节 听下面对话 根据你所听到的对话内容，完成下面表格，每空填一词。（对话读三遍） Ben’s Information (信息) Grade Grade 16 School life A little 17 Which team to join The 18 team How to learn history By 19 to a lot of history stories What to eat 20 noodles Ⅱ. 选择填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。 1. —Jane, could you show the newspaper ________ your dad? —Sure. A. to B. in C. from 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——简，你能把报纸给你爸爸看看吗？——当然 考查介词辨析。to朝，向；in在……里面；from来自。根据“show the newspaper...your dad”可知，此处是show sth. to sb.“把某物给某人看”。故选A。 2. — There ________ an English party in our school next week. — How exciting! A. are going to be B. is going to be C. is going to have 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——下周我们学校将举行一次英语晚会。——多么令人兴奋啊！ 考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“There”可知，此处是there be句型，该句型不与have连用，结合“next week”可知，时态为将来时（be going to），主语“an English party”为单数，be动词使用is。故选B。 3. She spends two hours ________ in the gym every Monday. A. dances B. dance C. dancing 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：她每周一花两个小时在体育馆跳舞。 考查非谓语动词。根据“spends two hours”可知，spend time (in) doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，空处使用动名词形式。故选C。 4. —________ do you work every day? —About 8 hours. A. How many B. How long C. How often 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你每天工作多长时间？——大约8小时。 考查特殊疑问句。How many多少，问数量；How long多长时间，问时长；How often多久一次，问频率。根据“About 8 hours”可知，此处是问工作时长。故选B。 5. —Would you mind ________ I park my bike here? —Of course not. Go ahead. A. whether B. that C. if 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你介意我把自行车停在这里吗？——当然不介意。请便。 考查连词辨析。whether是否；that引导从句，无实际意义；if是否/如果。Would you mind if...是固定句型，表示“你介意……吗？”，用来征求同意。故选C。 6. —The heavy rain didn’t ________ us from going outside. —Oh, you shouldn’t do that next time. A. prevent B. plan C. prefer 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——大雨没有阻止我们外出。——哦，下次你们不应该这么做。 考查动词辨析。prevent阻止；plan计划；prefer更喜欢。根据“us from going outside”可知，此处是prevent sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。故选A。 7. —Follow the doctor’s ________ and you will get better soon. —I hope so. A. advice B. article C. answer 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——听从医生的建议，你很快就会好起来的。——我希望如此。 考查名词辨析。advice建议；article文章；answer答案。根据“Follow the doctor’s”可知，此处指听从医生的建议，故选A。 8. You should ________ this bad habit, or you will have a toothache. A. get up B. put up C. give up 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：你应该改掉这个坏习惯，否则你会牙痛。 考查动词短语。get up起床；put up搭起；give up放弃。根据“this bad habit,”可知，此处指的是改掉坏习惯，故选C。 9. —When will you finish your homework? —I need ________ another two hours. A. at once B. at least C. at first 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你什么时候能完成你的家庭作业？——我至少还需要两个小时。 考查介词短语。at once立刻；at least至少；at first起初。根据“I need...another two hours.”可知，此处表示至少还需要两个小时，at least“至少”符合题意。故选B。 10. —I’m afraid I can’t do well in the relay race tomorrow. —Don’t worry. I’m sure you will ________ win. A. suddenly B. certainly C. heavily 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我担心我明天在接力赛中表现不好。——别担心。我相信你一定会赢。 考查副词辨析。suddenly突然地；certainly一定，肯定地；heavily沉重地。根据“Don’t worry. I’m sure you will...win.”可知，此处表示“你一定会赢”，应用certainly。故选B。 11. You should learn some living skills to look after ________. A. yourself B. herself C. myself 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：你应该学一些生活技能来照顾自己。 考查代词辨析。yourself你自己；herself她自己；myself我自己。根据句子主语“you”可知，此处应该用反身代词“yourself”来指代“你自己”。故选A。 12. —Is your mother ill? —No, ________. She’s just a little tired. A. anything serious B. nothing serious C. something serious 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你妈妈病了吗？——不，没有什么严重的。她只是有点累了。 考查代词辨析。anything任何事；nothing没什么事情；something某物，某事。根据“No...She’s just a little tired”可知只是有点累了，没什么严重的。故选B。 13. You ________ always be careful when you cross the street. A. may B. can C. must 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：当你过马路时，你必须时刻小心。 考查情态动词。may也许；can能够；must必须。根据“always be careful when you cross the street”可知过马路时必须要小心，用must。故选C。 14. —What do you know about James Naismith? —He was ________ for inventing basketball for his students. A. necessary B. famous C. bad 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你对詹姆斯·奈史密斯了解多少？——他因给学生发明篮球而闻名。 考查形容词辨析。necessary必要的；famous著名的；bad坏的。根据“He was...for inventing basketball for his students”可知，此处指因发明篮球而闻名，故选B。 15. —________ finish your homework first? —That’s a good idea. A. Why not B. How about C. Would you like 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——为什么不先完成作业呢？——这是个好主意。 考查特殊疑问句。why not do sth.为什么不做某事；how about doing sth.做某事怎么样；would you like to do sth.你想做某事吗。根据“finish...”可知此处用结构why not do sth.。故选A。 III. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 I was always tall for my age. But I was not very sporty. Other kids could do things in sports that I just couldn’t do, like throwing ____16____ baseball. The ball would fall out of my ____17____ on the ground about three meters away. In Grade 7, we got a new teacher. He took a look ____18____ me and said, “This school needs a basketball team, and you are going to be the star!” I laughed (大笑), and my friends laughed even more. “Darlene doesn’t even know what a ____19____ is!” said one of my friends. The new teacher said, “Don’t worry. I’ll show you ____20____ she can do.” Every day after school, I ____21____ the new teacher. After a few weeks, I became good at ____22____ the ball into the basket from close range (近距离). The season came and went, and I practiced ____23____. I didn’t do very well, ____24____ I learned something about myself that season. Now I’m not ____25____ enough to make it to the high school team. But I think I will be next year. It’s exciting to find something about yourself and to realize that you are what you make of yourself. 16. A. a B. an C. / 17. A. arm B. hand C. foot 18. A. for B. on C. at 19. A. baseball B. soccer C. basketball 20 A. which B. what C. where 21. A. shouted at B. played for C. worked with 22. A. fighting B. kicking C. putting 23. A. hard B. easily C. fast 24. A. but B. so C. and 25. A. safe B. good C. careful 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. C 20. B 21. C 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者在新老师的帮助下，通过努力练习篮球，逐渐发现自己的潜力和自信的故事。 【16题详解】 句意：其他孩子可以在运动中做一些我做不到的事情，比如投掷一个棒球。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；/不填。根据“throwing…baseball”可知，这里指的是投掷一个棒球，baseball是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用a。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：球会从我的手中掉到地上，大约三米远。 arm手臂；hand手；foot脚。根据“The ball would fall out of my”可知，球是从手中掉落的。故选B。 【18题详解】 句意：他看了看我，说：“这所学校需要一支篮球队，而你将成为明星！” for为了；on在……上；at在。take a look at sb“看看某人”。故选C。 【19题详解】 句意：“达琳甚至不知道篮球是什么！” baseball棒球；soccer足球；basketball篮球。根据“This school needs a basketball team, and you are going to be the star!”可知，此处指的是篮球。故选C。 【20题详解】 句意：新老师说：“别担心。我会告诉你她能做什么。” which哪一个；what什么；where哪里。根据“I’ll show you...she can do.”可知，此处是宾语从句，do后用what作宾语。故选B。 【21题详解】 句意：每天放学后，我和新老师一起工作。 shouted at对……大喊；played for为……比赛；worked with与……一起工作。根据“I...the new teacher.”可知，此处是指和新老师一起练习。故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：几周后，我变得擅长近距离将球投进篮筐。 fighting战斗；kicking踢；putting放置。根据“the ball into the basket”可知，这里指的是投篮，put sth into sth“将某物放入某物中”。故选C。 【23题详解】 句意：赛季来了又去，我努力练习。 hard努力地；easily容易地；fast快速地。根据“The season came and went, and I practiced”可知，此处是指作者努力练习。故选A。 【24题详解】 句意：我做得不太好，但我在那个赛季学到了关于自己的东西。 but但是；so所以；and和。前后句之间是转折关系，用but。故选A。 【25题详解】 意：现在我还不够好，进不了高中队。 safe安全的；good好的；careful小心的。根据“enough to make it to the high school team.”可知，作者认为自己还不够好，不能进入高中队。故选B。 IV. 阅读理解（共两节，25小题；满分45分） 第一节 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） A Singapore (新加坡) started to put labels (标签) on every drink this year. The labels are from A to D. A is the healthiest (最健康), and D is the least healthy. The more sugar and saturated fat (饱和脂肪) a drink has, the less (更少) healthy the drink is. Grade A Water Unsweetened (不加糖的) tea Milk with no fat <1% sugar <0.7% saturated fat Grade B Low-fat milk Diet drinks such as Diet Coke 1-5% sugar <1.2% saturated fat Grade C Full-fat milk Flavor-added (添加) milk Sweetened tea, drinks 5-10% sugar <2.8% saturated fat Grade D Most soft drinks Energy drinks Juice >10% sugar >2.8% saturated fat 26. Which of the following is the healthiest? A. Full-fat milk. B. Low-fat milk. C. Flavor-added milk. D. Milk with no fat. 27. How much saturated fat may Diet Coke have? A. 1.1%. B. 1.2%. C. 1.3%. D. 1.4%. 28. According to (根据) the text, sweetened tea is in ________. A. Grade A B. Grade B C. Grade C D. Grade D 29. If Lily likes sugar best, which one may she buy first? A. Diet drinks. B. Water. C. Energy drinks. D. Unsweetened tea. 30. In which section of a newspaper can you probably (可能地) read the text? A. Music and art. B. Life and health. C. Sports and travel. D. History and story. 【答案】26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了新加坡对饮品进行健康标签分类的情况，标签从A到D，A是最健康的，D是最不健康的。标签的分类依据是饮品中糖和饱和脂肪的含量。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The labels are from A to D. A is the healthiest (最健康), and D is the least healthy.”和“Milk with no fat”可知，最健康的饮品是标签为A的饮品，其中包括不含脂肪的牛奶。故选D。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据Grade B “Diet drinks such as Diet Coke；<1.2% saturated fat”可知，Diet Coke属于B级饮品，饱和脂肪含量小于1.2%。选项中只有1.1%符合条件。故选A。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据Grade C “Sweetened tea, drinks”可知，含糖茶属于C级饮品。故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据Grade D “Energy drinks >10% sugar”可知，含糖量最高的饮品是D级饮品，其中包括大多数软饮料和能量饮料。因此如果Lily最喜欢糖，她可能会首先选择能量饮料。故选C。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要讨论了饮品的健康标签，属于生活与健康类话题。故选B。 B One day a little monkey and a little fox (狐狸) went out to play. They saw an apple tree on the other side of the river. There were many big and red apples on it. But there was no bridge over the river. The monkey thought hard and had an idea. They pushed down (推倒) a tree and put it over the river as a bridge. The monkey said, “My old friend, you go there first.” But after the fox went to the other side, he kicked the tree into the river and ran to the apple tree. “How can I get there without the tree?” cried the monkey. The fox laughed and said, “You just stand there and watch me eating the apples.” The monkey was very angry. Suddenly it began to rain. The water level (水位) in the river rose (上涨) and the tree ran away with the water. “Goodbye, my friend. I want to go home for my lunch. You can eat all the apples, but you can’t come back.” shouted the monkey. The fox stopped eating and looked at the monkey sadly. 31. What did the monkey and the fox want to do on the other side of the river? A. Build a bridge. B. Go to play. C. Push down a tree. D. Eat the apples. 32. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to (涉及)? A. The fox. B. The tree. C. The monkey. D. The apple. 33. The fox could not come back because ________. A. there was no bridge B. he ate too many apples C. the monkey took away the tree D. he couldn’t come down from the apple tree 34. When may the story happen? A. In the morning. B. In the night. C. In the evening. D. In the afternoon. 35. What can we learn from the story? A. The fox was friendly. B. The fox thought of the good idea. C. One shouldn’t care only about himself. D. The monkey and the fox went home together. 【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一只猴子和一只狐狸都想吃苹果，但是猴子想出主意后，狐狸过河拆桥的故事，这个故事主要告诉我们，一个人不应该只关心自己。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“They saw an apple tree on the other side of the river. There were many big and red apples on it.”可知，，猴子和狐狸看到河对岸的苹果树，想要吃苹果。故选D。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“They pushed down (推倒) a tree and put it over the river as a bridge.”可知，它们推倒了一棵树，把它作为一座桥放在河上。it指代前文的树。故选B。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The water level (水位) in the river rose (上涨) and the tree ran away with the water.”可知，河里的水位上升了，树也随着水跑掉了，因此狐狸无法回来是因为没有桥了。故选A。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据“I want to go home for my lunch.”可知，猴子要回家吃午饭，说明故事发生在上午。故选A。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述一只猴子和一只狐狸都想吃苹果，但是猴子想出主意后，狐狸过河拆桥的故事，这个故事主要告诉我们，一个人不应该只关心自己。故选C。 C The Adventures (奇遇,冒险) of Pinocchio, also Pinocchio, is a story for children. It is about the adventures of Pinocchio and his father. There are interesting things about Pinocchio. Every time he tells a lie (说谎), his nose begins to grow and gets longer. But when a person lies, what happens? Scientists from the US studied two groups of people. They told the first group to tell no lies. They didn’t say anything to the second group. The study went on for 10 weeks. As a result (结果), the “no-lie” group was healthier than the second one. They didn’t have as many headaches as before. They were happier and got closer to people. They were more popular. More people liked being around them. Because they didn’t have to think a lot to make up for their lies, said the study. Lies make most people uncomfortable. Your heart beats (跳动) faster. A part of your brain (大脑) wakes up (苏醒). It usually turns on when the person is afraid or about to run away. So don’t tell lies—you’ll feel better that way. 36. How does the writer start the text? A. By telling a story. B. By playing a game. C. By talking about health. D. By giving numbers. 37. Why were the people in the first group happier? A. They often tell lies. B. They have as many headaches as before. C. They didn’t say anything to the second group. D. They needn’t think a lot to make up for their lies. 38. What does the underlined word “uncomfortable” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A. 不兴奋的 B. 不适应的 C. 不舒服的 D. 不友好的 39. What may happen if you tell a lie? ①Your heart beats faster. ②A part of your brain wakes up. ③It makes you get closer to people. ④It make most people uncomfortable. A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④ 40. What is the structure (结构) of the text? A. B. C. D. 【答案】36. A 37. D 38. C 39. D 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍当一个人撒谎时，会发生的变化。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Adventures (奇遇,冒险) of Pinocchio, also Pinocchio, is a story for children. It is about the adventures of Pinocchio and his father. ”可知文章是通过讲述一个故事开篇。故选A。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Because they didn’t have to think a lot to make up for their lies”可知因为他们不必想太多来弥补自己的谎言。故选D。 【38题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“Lies make most people uncomfortable. Your heart beats (跳动) faster.”可知撒谎的时候，你的心脏跳动更快，会感觉不舒服，故此处划线部分意为“不舒服的”。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Lies make most people uncomfortable. Your heart beats (跳动) faster. A part of your brain (大脑) wakes up”可知谎言让大多数人感到不舒服，你的心跳得更快，大脑的一部分会醒来 。故选D。 【40题详解】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题；第二和第三段介绍了这个研究；第四段进行总结。故文章的结构是总分总结构。故选B。 D The 19th Asian Games was held in Hangzhou from September 23 to October 8, 2023. The Asian Games is the largest sporting event in Asia. Its predecessor (前身) was the Far Eastern Games. In 1948 Guru Dutt Sondhi, the leader (领袖) of Indian sports, felt that the Far Eastern Games were not good enough for Asian sports and the spirit of Asian people, and suggested building the Asian Games so that all Asian countries could take part in. China hosted two Asian Games in Beijing and Guangzhou in 1990 and 2010. The Hangzhou Asian Games was the third Asian multi-sport event held in China, with 12,417 players from all the 45 Asian countries and regions (地区) taking part in. Some sports are popular among young people. They first appeared (出现) such as break dance and e-sports. Weiqi, a mind sport, returned to the Hangzhou Games after it appeared at the Guangzhou Games in 2010. On August 25, two sports culture shows kicked off (启动) in Hangzhou to celebrate the Asian Games. It surely impressed (使留下深刻印象) all the people in Asia, and left a legacy (传奇) of a smart and green event for people. 41. How many days did the 19th Asian Games last? A. 14. B. 15. C. 16. D. 17. 42. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The history of the Asian Games. B. The date of the Asian Games. C. The hosting of the Asian Games. D. The athletes of the Asian Games. 43. What do we know about the Hangzhou Asian Games? A. Hangzhou hosted the Games twice. B. E-sports first appeared in the Games. C. Weiqi was a mind sport for the first time in the Games. D. There were 12,417 players from all the 45 Asian countries. 44. Which of the following event is new in the Hangzhou Asian Games? A. B. C. D. 45. Where does this text probably come from? A. A play. B. A story. C. A newspaper. D. A book. 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了第十九届杭州亚运会的相关内容。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The 19th Asian Games was held in Hangzhou from September 23 to October 8, 2023.”可知，第十九届亚运会于2023年9月23日至10月8日在杭州举行，共持续16天。故选C。 【42题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“The Asian Games is the largest sporting event in Asia. Its predecessor (前身) was the Far Eastern Games.”和第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍了亚运会的历史。故选A。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Some sports are popular among young people. They first appeared (出现) such as break dance and e-sports.”可知，电子竞技首次亮相杭州亚运会。故选B。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据“They first appeared (出现) such as break dance and e-sports.”可知，霹雳舞属于杭州亚运会的新项目，D项图片符合。故选D。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The 19th Asian Games was held in Hangzhou from September 23 to October 8, 2023.”并结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了杭州亚运会的相关内容，所以这篇文章有可能来源于报纸。故选C。 第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 We are what we eat. How to keep us healthy? Often our mothers tell us what to eat. So their advice is usually good for our health. Eating fruit is one of it. There is lots of delicious fruit in autumn. Many people like fruit because it is sweet. ____46____ The answer is very easy. ____47____ For some trees, the key to survival (生存) is growing sweet fruits. ____48____ For example, bears like apples’ sweet taste. ____49____ After the seeds (种子) are excreted (排泄) by the bears, a new tree could grow. Moving the seeds to a different place is important for a new tree’s healthy start. In this way, it won’t compete with its parent tree for water or the sun. ____50____ If you’ve once tried a lemon (柠檬), you know it’s a different taste. But some animals enjoy lemons. They help lemon trees spread seeds. A. Of course, not all fruit is sweet. B. But do you know why fruit is sweet? C. Fruit is sweet because trees are clever. D. In this way, they can get animals to help spread (传播) their seeds. E. They eat apples and carry the seeds across the forest (森林) in their stomachs. 【答案】46. B 47. C 48. D 49. E 50. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了水果的甜味是如何帮助树木传播种子的。通过吸引动物食用甜水果，树木能够将种子传播到不同的地方，从而有助于新树的生长和生存。 【46题详解】 根据“Many people like fruit because it is sweet”和下文“The answer is very easy”可知，此处和水果很甜有关系，句子是疑问句。选项B“但是你知道为什么水果是甜的吗？”符合语境，故选B。 【47题详解】 根据“The answer is very easy”可知，给出水果甜的答案。选项C“水果是甜的，因为树是聪明的。”符合语境，故选C。 【48题详解】 根据“For some trees, the key to survival (生存) is growing sweet fruits”和“After the seeds (种子) are excreted (排泄) by the bears, a new tree could grow.”可知，说的是种子的传播。选项D“通过这种方式，它们可以让动物帮助它们传播种子。”符合语境，故选D。 【49题详解】 根据“After the seeds (种子) are excreted (排泄) by the bears, a new tree could grow.”可知，熊吃苹果，可以传播种子。选项E“它们吃苹果，把种子装在肚子里穿过森林。”符合语境，故选E。 【50题详解】 根据“If you’ve once tried a lemon (柠檬), you know it’s a different taste”可知，柠檬很酸。选项A“当然，不是所有的水果都是甜的。”符合语境，故选A。 V. 情景交际（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据情景提示，完成下列各题。 51. 同学打破了你的杯子，对你说“I’m sorry”，你可以这样回答： ______________________________________________________. 【答案】It doesn’t matter/Never mind 【解析】 【详解】回应别人的道歉可以用以下句子来表示“没关系”：It doesn’t matter/Never mind。故填It doesn’t matter/Never mind。 52. 你因咳嗽去看医生，医生想知道症状多久了，他会这样问： _______________________________________________________ like this? 【答案】How long have you been 【解析】 【详解】根据题意，医生想知道症状持续了多久，可以这样问：“你像这样多久了”，时态为现在完成时，how long“多久”，引导特殊疑问句，主语为you，结构为have been like this。故填How long have you been。 53. 你提醒对方不要到处乱扔垃圾，可以这样说： Don’t _______________________________________________________. 【答案】throw litter/rubbish around 【解析】 【详解】提醒对方不乱扔垃圾可以使用祈使句的否定形式，其结构为“don’t+do”，乱扔垃圾：throw litter/rubbish around。故填throw litter/rubbish around。 54. 你想要David接电话，可以这样说： I’d like _______________________________________________________. 【答案】to speak to David 【解析】 【详解】根据情景可知，可以说“我想要和David说话”。would like to do sth表示“想要做某事”；speak to sb表示“和某人说话”，为打电话固定用语。故填to speak to David。 55. 你和朋友要去野炊，你想知道需要带什么，你可以这样问： ______________________________________________________? 【答案】What do we need to bring for the picnic 【解析】 【详解】根据情景可知，可以问“野餐我们需要带什么”。句子为特殊疑问句，时态为一般现在时，主语是we“我们”，助动词用do；need to do“需要做”；bring“带”；for the picnic“为了野餐”。故填What do we need to bring for the picnic。 Ⅵ. 看图写话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。 56. Will leave, tomorrow _______________________ 57. too much, bad _______________________ 58. often, change _______________________ 59. pass, Sam _______________________ 60. play, yesterday _______________________ 【答案】56. I will leave Beijing tomorrow. 57. Eating too much candy is bad for health. 58. The weather often changes. 59. He passed the notebook to Sam. 60. The girl played the guitar yesterday. 【解析】 【56题详解】 根据图片以及所给词可知，此处可表达为“我明天将离开北京”。句子用一般将来时will do，主语I；离开北京：leave Beijing；状语是tomorrow。故填I will leave Beijing tomorrow. 【57题详解】 根据图片以及所给词可知，此处可表达为“吃太多糖果不利于健康”。句子用一般现在时，主语是动名词eating too much candy，be动词用is；不利于健康：be bad for health。故填Eating too much candy is bad for health. 【58题详解】 根据图片以及所给词可知，此处可表达为“天气经常变化”。句子用一般现在时，主语是the weather，谓语动词用单三changes“改变”；经常：often，频度副词放谓语之前。故填The weather often changes. 【59题详解】 根据图片以及所给词可知，此处可表达为“他把笔记本递给萨姆”。句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式，主语是he；把某物递给某人：pass sth. to sb.；笔记本：the notebook。故填He passed the notebook to Sam. 【60题详解】 根据图片以及所给词可知，此处可表达为“那个女孩昨天弹了吉他”。句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式；主语是the girl；弹吉他：play the guitar；状语是yesterday。故填The girl played the guitar yesterday. VII. 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Zhou Yan, a middle school student, wishes he never got a mobile phone (手机). Last week, he ____61____ (go) to see a doctor because his arms and fingers were hurt. The doctor told him that he had “mobile phone disease”. And a lot of students ____62____ (be) getting the disease now. Zhou Yan got his mobile phone five ____63____ (month) ago. He used it all ____64____ time even when going to bed. He didn’t do his homework ____65____ (careful) and did badly in the exams. His mother was very angry ____66____ him. He didn’t stop ____67____ (play) with the mobile phone until his arms got hurt. Yang Ling, a doctor, says that if a student ____68____ (use) his mobile phone too much, like Zhou Yan, he might get “mobile phone disease”. If students find their arms or fingers hurt, they should go to the hospital as soon as ____69____. Yang Ling says students should try to use ____70____ (they) mobile phones less (更少). 【答案】61. went 62. are 63. months 64. the 65. carefully 66. with 67. playing 68. uses 69. possible 70. their 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一名中学生周炎因为过度使用手机导致手臂和手指受伤，医生建议学生们尽量少用手机。 【61题详解】 句意：上周，他去看医生，因为他的手臂和手指受伤了。根据时间状语“last week”可知，本句是一般过去时，应用动词过去式，go的过去式是went。故填went。 【62题详解】 句意：现在很多学生都得了这种病。根据时间状语“now”可知，应用现在进行时(be doing)，主语是a lot of students，be动词用are。故填are。 【63题详解】 句意：五个月前，周炎得到了他的手机。根据数词“five”可知，空处应用名词复数形式months。故填months。 【64题详解】 句意：他一直在用它，甚至在上床睡觉的时候。all the time“一直”，固定短语。故填the。 【65题详解】 句意：他没有认真做作业，考试也考得很差。空处修饰动词“do”，需用副词形式，careful的副词形式是carefully。故填carefully。 【66题详解】 句意：他的妈妈对他很生气。be angry with sb.表示“对某人生气”。故填with。 【67题详解】 句意：直到他的手臂受伤，他才停止玩手机。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”，play的动名词形式是playing。故填playing。 【68题详解】 句意：杨玲医生说，如果一个学生像周炎一样过度使用手机，他可能会得“手机病”。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，从句需用一般现在时，主语是a student，动词用单三形式uses。故填uses。 【69题详解】 句意：如果学生发现他们的手臂或手指受伤了，他们应该尽快去医院。as soon as possible表示“尽快”。故填possible。 【70题详解】 句意：杨玲说，学生们应该尽量少用手机。空处修饰名词“mobile phones”，需用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。 VIII. 书面表达（满分15分） 71. 每年的6月6日是我国的“爱眼日”，可见保护中小学生的视力非常重要。为此，学校将在英语文化节期间举行一场“爱眼日”英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下表格写一篇英语演讲稿，谈谈你对保护视力重要性的认识和建议。词数80左右。 参考词汇：awareness (认识)，fewer (更少的)，e-products (电子产品)，protect (保护) Awareness Be important Advice Use fewer e-products Do eye exercises See more green plants ... 注意事项： 1. 必须包含所有信息，可适当发挥，开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范； 3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名和校名。 Dear friends, June 6 is our country’s Sight Day. As we know, eyes are the windows to the soul. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you! 【答案】例文： Dear friends, June 6 is our country’s Sight Day. As we know, eyes are the windows to the soul. Everyone gets awareness of the importance of the eyes. But now more and more students are getting near sighted. So how to protect eyes will remain a question. Here is some advice on how to protect your eyesight. You should not keep your eyes working for too long when reading, you should keep the book about a foot away from you. After reading for an hour or two, you’d better have a rest by looking at the green plants to make your eyes relax. You ought to remember not to read in dim light or in the sun. Don’t read in a moving bus or in bed. Besides, try to use few e-products. What’s more, doing eye exercises will help you keep good eye sight. Last but not least, we can also try to do more exercise in our spare time. Only by doing these simple things, can we keep good eyesight. That’s all. Thank you! 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文，为演讲稿。 ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中保护视力重要性的认识和建议的介绍要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“请你根据以下表格写一篇英语演讲稿，谈谈你对保护视力重要性的认识和建议。”来引出重点介绍的内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“认识、建议、总结等”几个方面重点介绍保护视力重要性的认识和建议的具体情况； 第三步，书写结语，表达感谢。 [亮点词汇] ①have a rest休息； ②remember to do sth记得去做某事； ③try to do sth努力做某事； ④by doing sth通过做某事。 [高分句型] ①Here is some advice on how to protect your eyesight. (Here be句型) ②What’s more, doing eye exercises will help you keep good eye sight. (动名词作主语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$