精品解析：江苏省盐城市盐城八校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题

2024~2025学年第一学期高三年级考试 英 语 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 4. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 5. 本卷主要考查内容：至拓展创新学程二。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Writer and reader. B. Doctor and patient. C. Teacher and student. 2. Why does the man make the phone call? A. To place an order. B. To apply for a job. C. To make a complaint. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bookstore. B. In a post office. C. In a classroom. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A new store. B. Italian dishes. C. Their supper. 5. Why has the man come back? A. To study here. B. To travel around. C. To take a job. 第二节（共15 小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What will the speakers do together? A. Have dinner. B. Attend a party. C. See a movie. 7. When will the man pick up the woman? A. At 5: 00 p. m. B. At 6: 30 p. m. C. At 7: 00 p. m. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What's the woman's job in England? A. Importing wines. B. Building houses. C. Guiding travellers. 9. How does the woman usually go to work? A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot. 10. What is the man's attitude toward his work? A. Negative. B. Favourable. C. Unclear. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where did Monica usually have her lunch in high school? A. At school. B. At home. C. In a restaurant. 12. Who would bring lunch boxes to school? A. Eric’s friends. B. Monica's friends. C. Arthur's friends. 13. How long did Arthur stay in school every day? A. About 5 hours. B. About 4 hours. C. About 2 hours. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至16题。 14. When did the man buy his present computer? A. Two years ago. B. Four years ago. C. Ten years ago. 15. What does the man mainly use the computer to do at present? A. Play online games. B. Collect information. C. Receive e- mails. 16. What does the man usually buy online? A. Food. B. Clothes. C. Digital products. 听第10段材料, 回答第17 至20题。 17. Why did Edwards walk 14 miles every day? A. To keep healthy. B. To lose weight. C. To get to work. 18. What gift did Edwards receive from the couple? A. An ice cream. B. A car. C. A computer. 19. How did Edwards feel about the couple's help? A. Guilty. B. Moved. C. Embarrassed. 20. What did the couple wish Edwards to do? A. Go to college. B. Pay for the gift. C. Offer help to others. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Why Subscribe to Reader’s Digest? The world’s best-loved general-interest publication contains something for everyone. Reader’s Digest magazine is bursting with stories, articles, advice, recipes, reviews, tips, jokes and anecdotes. Each issue is small enough to fit in your handbag or pocket, but big enough to keep you entertained for weeks on end. From regular columns packed with information to gripping (扣人心弦的) human-interest stories and helpful how-tos, our magazine offers knowledge, positivity and humour. In this month’s issue you’ll find. . . An interview with Hugh Dancy The newest addition to the cast of Downton Abbey on New York, Law& Order, and the nostalgia (怀旧) of playing an English gentleman. Saving the sound of the Stradivaius Meet the experts fighting to save the unbeatable sound of history’s greatest violins, meeting the love of her life. Community Power Across the UK, communities are coming together to save their pubs, shops, and more. If Grace Dent ruled the world The restaurant critic shares her manifesto (宣言) for world domination. SUBSCRIBE TODAY FROM AS LITTLE AS £ 22. 99 Our best price yet — It’s only £ 22. 99 for a full one-year subscription — A Saving of over 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price — and what’s more, we will deliver it direct to your door for free! If you don’t want to commit to a full year, we have the perfect taster package. TRIAL NOW with 3 Issues for ONLY £ 3! Plus, make sure you always keep up to date with all of the top stories, news and promotions from Reader’s Digest by subscribing to our weekly newsletter. 1. If readers want to know about an actor, which one should they read? A. If Grace Dent ruled the world. B. Community Power. C. Saving the sound of the Stradivaius. D. An interview with Hugh Dancy. 2. How much will you save if you take out a full one-year subscription today? A. £ 3. B. £ 22. 99. C. £ 24. 89. D. £ 47. 88. 3. What kind of writing is the passage? A. An introduction. B. A part of a fiction. C. A research report. D. An advertisement. B For the 70 percent of the world's population without any chance of using electric washing machines, keeping up with laundry takes up a lot of time. And it is often a painful physical task. The task falls unreasonably to women and girls, who can spend 20 hours a week washing clothes, often without electricity or running water. London engineer Navjot Sawhney, however, has come up with an idea: a portable and lightweight washing machine that is similar to a plastic drum. It also does double duty as a dryer, and costs around $60. 31- year- old Sawhney calls it the Divya, after the woman who inspired the project—his former next- door neighbour in South India, where he spent a year volunteering after leaving his job as an engineer at high- end vacuum (真空吸尘器) maker Dyson. “When I got to know Divya, I was so sad about all the unpaid work she needed to do—cleaning clothes,” says Sawhney. In 2018, he returned to the United Kingdom to found “The Washing Machine Project”, which is developing a washing solution that will be affordable, portable and accessible for everyone, everywhere. After a few months of developing a model, he received some money from Oxfam's Iraq Response Innovation Lab. Since March 2019, more than 150 Divyas have been given out to refugees in Iraq through non- profit partners. “The response was great,” Sawhney says. His goal is to deliver 8, 000 machines in 10 countries over the next three years. By saving 75 percent of the time and 50 percent of the water required to wash clothes, he says, women and girls will be freer to accept education. Aside from the Divya, Sawhney has also worked on making fuel- efficient cookstoves, and plans to develop refrigerators, conditioners, and lighting. Sawhney sees the world's growing refugee crisis as a call for innovation: “There is a huge need for appliances that make life better for people.” 4. What did Navjot Sawhney do to help the women in India? A. He volunteered to wash clothes for them. B. He provided them with free access to education. C. He called on people in his community to donate clothes. D. He worked out a solution by inventing a washing machine. 5. What inspired Navjot Sawhney to found the project? A. His neighbour's experience. B. His previous work in Dyson. C. The support of a science lab. D. The request of refugees in Iraq. 6. What can we infer about the project in Paragraph 3? A. It is highly praised. B. It focuses on education. C. It has created many jobs. D. It has earned a lot of money. 7. Which of the following can best describe Navjot Sawhney? A. Selfless and honest. B. Helpful and serious. C. Caring and creative. D. Thoughtful and strict. C Our brains have an “auto- correct” feature that we use when re- interpreting ambiguous (含混不清的) sounds, according to new research. The study sheds light on how the brain uses information gathered after the discovering of an initial sound to aid speech comprehension. The findings point to new ways we use information and context to aid in speech comprehension. “What a person thinks they hear does not always match the actual signals that reach the ear” explains lead author Laura Gwilliams. “This is because the brain re-evaluates the interpretation of a speech sound at the moment each following speech sound is heard in order to update interpretations as necessary,” Gwilliams says. It’s well known that the perception of a speech sound is determined by its surrounding context — in the form of words, sentences and other speech sounds. This plays out in everyday life — when we talk, the actual speech we produce is often ambiguous. For example, when a friend says she has a “dent (凹痕) ” in her car, you may hear “tent”. Although this kind of ambiguity happens regularly, we, as listeners, are hardly aware of it. “This is because the brain automatically resolves the ambiguity for us — it picks an interpretation and that’s what we perceive to hear, ” explains Gwilliams. “The way the brain does this is by using the surrounding context to narrow down the possibilities of what the speaker may mean.” In the study, the researchers sought to understand how the brain uses this following information to adjust our perception of what we initially heard. To do this, they conducted a series of experiments in which the subjects listened to isolated syllables and similarly sounding words. Their results produced three primary findings: The brain’s primary auditory cortex (听觉皮层) is sensitive to how ambiguous a speech sound is at just 50 milliseconds after the sound’s appearance. The brain “replays” previous speech sounds while interpreting the following ones, suggesting re-evaluation as the rest of the word unfolds. The brain makes commitments to its “best guess” of how to interpret the signal after about half a second. 8. What is the study mainly about? A. Why some people process information faster. B. How brains tell apart useful information. C. How brains understand unclear words. D. Why people make unclear sounds. 9. What does the author want to show by giving the example in Paragraph 3? A. People are likely to mistake a word for something familiar. B. People can understand others even if they mishear a word. C. People are more likely to mishear their friends. D. It is normal for people to make unclear sounds. 10. What do we know about the unclear words in the experiments? A. They stopped us thinking further. B. They led to misunderstanding. C They were noticed instantly. D. They seemed to be useless. 11. What does the underlined part “the signal” in the last paragraph refer to? A. The following speech sound. B. The unclearly sounding word. C. The similarly sounding word. D. The isolated syllable. D On Inaccessible Island, you hear the sound of the Inaccessible Island rails (秧鸡) everywhere. The small flightless birds move around, feeding on worms and berries. During a trip in 2011, it took days for Stervander, then a doctoral student, to spot one. “Even then, you see something little and dark, running for a second, and that’s about it,” he says. Catching one, though, proved easy. When scientists played a recording of the bird’s call, a male and female ran into the net a few minutes later. Inaccessible Island rails live only on Inaccessible Island. “No one knew the history,” says Stervander, now a research fellow at the University of Oregon. He aimed to answer the question about these birds: How did they get to Inaccessible Island to begin with? The first scientist to describe the rail was Percy Lowe. He thought the bird was from Africa and had always been flightless. In his view, it had arrived at the island by walking over land bridges. But now the science of plate tectonics (板块构造论) suggests that’s not the case. In a recent paper, Stervander and his colleagues give evidence for a different version. After studying the genome (基因组) of the rails, scientists found the Inaccessible Island rail’s closest relative — the crake in Uruguay. Both birds are related to the black rail in America. The finding suggests the ancestors of these birds could fly. That means Inaccessible Island rails flew to their present home, and like many birds living on islands with no predators (捕食者), they gradually lost the ability to fly. Flying takes energy, so if there’s no reason to fly, it’s more practical not to. On this island, there’s a growing population of rails, but they’re fragile. Should a predator reach the island, it could make quick work of the birds. People on nearby islands are careful to avoid introducing any predators to Inaccessible Island, and the risk is low, given how hard it is to get there. For now, the rails live peacefully in a place where few humans are eager to go. 12. What can we learn about the Inaccessible Island rails? A. They are hard to trap. B. They can be seen everywhere. C. They move around quickly. D. They are not afraid of humans. 13. What caused the Inaccessible Island rails to become flightless? A. Their lack of energy. B. Their living environment. C. Their way to search for food. D. Their connection with their ancestors. 14. Which best describes the present situation of the Inaccessible Island rails? A. Safe. B. Tough. C. Unexpected. D. Dangerous. 15. What’s the best title for the text? A. The Development of Rails on Inaccessible Island B. The Need to Protect Flightless Inaccessible Island Rails C. How Did the Flightless Bird Get to Inaccessible Island? D. Why are Inaccessible Island Rails Limited on the Island? 第二节（共5 小题；每小题 2. 5分，满分 12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are worms the heroes we didn’t know we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling (扭动), you might think that worms are good for nothing except bait (诱饵) on the end of a fishing pole. ____16____ The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that no other animal has “played such an important part in the history of the world as these lowly organised creatures”. They have lived on Earth for 600 million years and have even survived five mass extinctions. ____17____ Earthworms literally move the earth, and this is why farmers love them. As they travel, they aerate (使透气) the soil by loosening, mixing and oxygenating it. ____18____ They are effectively a small but very efficient plough (犁). But it’s not just earthworms that deserve praise. In 2022, a group of scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre for Biological Research isolated enzymes (酶) found in wax worm saliva (唾液) which are plastic-eating. _____19_____ It’s hoped that by producing these enzymes on an industry-level scale, we will have a more environmentally friendly way to reduce plastic pollution. _____20_____ Bloodworms are small sea creatures which press themselves into the mud of the ocean floor. Scientists at the University of California, Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws, which are made up of 10% copper proteins (铜蛋白) and are so strong that they last the worm’s entire five-year lifespan. Because of this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiration for the design and manufacture of materials like concrete. So, next time you see a worm, show it a little respect. They really are changing the world! A. So, what do worms do that is so great? B. Worms have a lifespan of a few months. C. And worms are even inspiring the building industry. D. It increases the ground’s capacity to hold and empty water. E. However there is more to the humble worm than meets the eye. F. Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. G. These can break down a very common plastic that normally breaks down over many years. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30 分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A few months ago, I was down with a terrible cold which ended in a bad cough. No matter how many different medicines I tried, I ___21___ couldn’t get rid of the cough. Not only did it ___22___ my teaching but also my life as a whole. Then one day after class, a student came up to me and ___23___ traditional Chinese medicine. From her description, Chinese medicine sounded as if it had magic power that ___24___. I was ___25___ because I knew so little about it and have never tried it before. ___26___, my cough got so much worse that I couldn’t sleep at night, so I decided to give it a ___27___. The Chinese doctor took my pulse and asked to see my tongue, both of which were new experience to me because they are both ___28___ in Western medicine, where diagnosis relies heavily on ___29___. Then the doctor gave me a scraping (刮) treatment known as “Gua Sha”. I was a little ___30___ at first because he used a smooth edged tool to scrape the skin on my neck and shoulders. A few minutes later, the treatment started to produce a ___31___ effect and my body and mind began to sink deeper into ___32___. I didn’t feel any improvement in my ___33___ in the first couple of days, but after a few more regular visits to the doctor, my cough started to ___34___. Then within a matter of weeks, it was completely ___35___! 21. A. still B. even C. currently D. certainly 22. A. facilitate B. benefit C. inconvenience D. change 23. A. recommended B. sold C. prescribed D. adopted 24. A. set trends B. brought rewards C. changed rules D. worked wonders 25. A. excited B. hesitant C. optimistic D. nervous 26. A. Consequently B. Eventually C. Admittedly D. Surprisingly 27 A. break B. look C. shot D. miss 28. A. frequently-used B. nonexistent C. highly-recommended D. noneffective 29. A. doctors B. hospitals C. symptoms D. machines 30. A. unsatisfied B. tired C. disappointed D. scared 31. A. relieving B. damaging C. stimulating D. cooling 32. A. relaxation B. pain C. uneasiness D. depression 33. A. capability B. strength C. condition D. circumstance 34. A. worsen B. lessen C. lengthen D. quicken 35. A. unexpected B. fine C. different D. gone 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Spending time in the great outdoors is a full-on sensory experience with endless skies, beautiful forests, the sounds of the wind and the warm feeling of sunrays _____36_____ (rest) on your face. In addition to nature’s _____37_____ (enjoy) sights, sounds and sensations, the familiar smells of nature can be just as appealing. In fact, a recent study found that nature doesn’t just smell good, but its fragrances make people feel good as well. The researchers from the University of Kent in the UK _____38_____ (send) 194 participants to relax in the woodlands throughout the four seasons. The participants reported feeling relaxed when they smelled _____39_____they described as “fresh air” or “earthy” smells. According to the study, these smells brought back fun memories of their childhoods. ____40____instance, pine trees made some participants think about Christmas. “We found that smells affected multiple fields of well-being with physical well-being discussed most_____41_____ (frequent), particularly in relation to relaxation, comfort and rejuvenation (恢复活力),” wrote the researchers in the study. They also found that people feel more settled in a smell-free zone, with this result possibly _____42_____ (link) to the absence of bad- smelling urban smells, like pollution. Dr Jessica Fisher, study co-author, pointed out these results could _____43_____ (apply) in future practice. In his opinion, when_____44_____ comes to enjoying a hike in the woods or a picnic under the open skies, it pays _____45_____ (keep) not only one’s eyes and ears, but also one’s nose, open. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校广播站将增加15分钟的英语节目(Special English)。请你给负责的外教Bob写一个邮件，内容包括： 1. 对该举措的态度； 2. 对内容的建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Bob, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分 25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jackie Oelfke, a retired bank manager, pays great attention to developing children’s independent financial awareness from an early age. She bought a piggy bank (存钱罐) for every child. She even passed on the good tradition to her granddaughter. Sunshine Oelfke. When Sunshine was just born, Jackie Oelfke bought her a large piggy bank. They used the piggy bank as a toy. Later, when Sunshine grew older, they would pour out coins and play games. When they had small change, they took the coins back and put them in the money storage tank. enjoying it tirelessly. What they lack is not money, but a good habit. The little girl has always believed in this concept: even if you are rich, you should be careful with your money. Two weeks ago, the 7-year-old girl emptied her piggy bank onto the living room floor after school and immediately started counting. Jackie thought she was playing as she carefully lined up the coins. but then she saw the girl put the coins into a plastic bag and place it in her backpack. Her mind was so busily engaged that she did not always know when she was silent. “That aroused my curiosity,” Jackie said. “Nobody messes with the piggy bank.” After observing Sunshine at work for a few minutes longer. Jackie decided to find out why the little girl broke into her savings. “What are you doing with that money?” Jackie asked her granddaughter with a smile. “I’m taking it to school.” Sunshine replied without looking. She seemed to struggle before talking to her grandma. The little girl finally stated the real reason why she needed the money. “I’m going to take it for milk money. My friend Layla doesn’t get milk—her mum doesn’t have milk money and I do.” As a special guest, Jackie once went to participate in activities organized at Sunshine’s school. Sunshine’s teacher, Rita Hausher, told her that many students in her class came from poor families, and she remembered having Layla. At that time, she had the idea of helping them, but she didn’t know how to do it more appropriately. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Jackie’s heart melted (融化) at Sunshine’s words. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jackie posted a tearful video online to explain her granddaughter’s plan. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1~5 CAACC 6~10 ABAAB 11~15 ABAAB 16~20 CCBBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024~2025学年第一学期高三年级考试 英 语 全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 4. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 5. 本卷主要考查内容：至拓展创新学程二。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Writer and reader. B. Doctor and patient. C. Teacher and student. 2. Why does the man make the phone call? A. To place an order. B. To apply for a job. C. To make a complaint. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bookstore. B. In a post office. C. In a classroom. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A new store. B. Italian dishes. C. Their supper. 5. Why has the man come back? A. To study here. B. To travel around. C. To take a job. 第二节（共15 小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What will the speakers do together? A. Have dinner. B. Attend a party. C. See a movie. 7. When will the man pick up the woman? A. At 5: 00 p. m. B. At 6: 30 p. m. C. At 7: 00 p. m. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What's the woman's job in England? A. Importing wines. B. Building houses. C. Guiding travellers. 9. How does the woman usually go to work? A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot. 10. What is the man's attitude toward his work? A. Negative. B. Favourable. C. Unclear. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where did Monica usually have her lunch in high school? A. At school. B. At home. C. In a restaurant. 12. Who would bring lunch boxes to school? A. Eric’s friends. B. Monica's friends. C. Arthur's friends. 13. How long did Arthur stay in school every day? A. About 5 hours. B. About 4 hours. C. About 2 hours. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至16题。 14. When did the man buy his present computer? A. Two years ago. B. Four years ago. C. Ten years ago. 15. What does the man mainly use the computer to do at present? A. Play online games. B. Collect information. C. Receive e- mails. 16. What does the man usually buy online? A. Food. B. Clothes. C. Digital products. 听第10段材料, 回答第17 至20题。 17. Why did Edwards walk 14 miles every day? A. To keep healthy. B. To lose weight. C. To get to work. 18. What gift did Edwards receive from the couple? A. An ice cream. B. A car. C. A computer. 19. How did Edwards feel about the couple's help? A. Guilty. B. Moved. C. Embarrassed. 20. What did the couple wish Edwards to do? A. Go to college. B. Pay for the gift. C. Offer help to others. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Why Subscribe to Reader’s Digest? The world’s best-loved general-interest publication contains something for everyone. Reader’s Digest magazine is bursting with stories, articles, advice, recipes, reviews, tips, jokes and anecdotes. Each issue is small enough to fit in your handbag or pocket, but big enough to keep you entertained for weeks on end. From regular columns packed with information to gripping (扣人心弦的) human-interest stories and helpful how-tos, our magazine offers knowledge, positivity and humour. In this month’s issue you’ll find. . . An interview with Hugh Dancy The newest addition to the cast of Downton Abbey on New York, Law& Order, and the nostalgia (怀旧) of playing an English gentleman. Saving the sound of the Stradivaius Meet the experts fighting to save the unbeatable sound of history’s greatest violins, meeting the love of her life. Community Power Across the UK, communities are coming together to save their pubs, shops, and more. If Grace Dent ruled the world The restaurant critic shares her manifesto (宣言) for world domination. SUBSCRIBE TODAY FROM AS LITTLE AS £ 22. 99 Our best price yet — It’s only £ 22. 99 for a full one-year subscription — A Saving of over 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price — and what’s more, we will deliver it direct to your door for free! If you don’t want to commit to a full year, we have the perfect taster package. TRIAL NOW with 3 Issues for ONLY £ 3! Plus, make sure you always keep up to date with all of the top stories, news and promotions from Reader’s Digest by subscribing to our weekly newsletter. 1. If readers want to know about an actor, which one should they read? A. If Grace Dent ruled the world. B. Community Power. C. Saving the sound of the Stradivaius. D. An interview with Hugh Dancy. 2. How much will you save if you take out a full one-year subscription today? A. £ 3. B. £ 22. 99. C. £ 24. 89. D. £ 47. 88. 3. What kind of writing is the passage? A. An introduction. B. A part of a fiction. C. A research report. D. An advertisement. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章是关于《读者文摘》杂志的介绍和订阅推广。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一个小标题 An interview with Hugh Dancy 中“The newest addition to the cast of Downton Abbey on New York, Law& Order, and the nostalgia (怀旧) of playing an English gentleman. (《唐顿庄园》《法律与秩序》的新成员，以及对扮演英国绅士的怀念。)”可知，想了解一个演员，需要看 An interview with Hugh Dancy。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Our best price yet — It’s only £ 22. 99 for a full one- year subscription — A Saving of over 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price(我们最优惠的价格——全年订阅只需22. 99英镑——比通常的47. 88英镑零售价节省50%以上)”可知，如果你今天就全额订购一年，你可以节省 47. 88-22. 99=£ 24. 89。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Why Subscribe to Reader’s Digest?(为什么订阅《读者文摘》?)”及全文可知，文章先简单介绍了读者文摘，以及列举了其中一期的内容，最后两部分重点介绍了订阅费用，所以是通过介绍《读者文摘》使读者订阅的广告。故选D。 B For the 70 percent of the world's population without any chance of using electric washing machines, keeping up with laundry takes up a lot of time. And it is often a painful physical task. The task falls unreasonably to women and girls, who can spend 20 hours a week washing clothes, often without electricity or running water. London engineer Navjot Sawhney, however, has come up with an idea: a portable and lightweight washing machine that is similar to a plastic drum. It also does double duty as a dryer, and costs around $60. 31- year- old Sawhney calls it the Divya, after the woman who inspired the project—his former next- door neighbour in South India, where he spent a year volunteering after leaving his job as an engineer at high- end vacuum (真空吸尘器) maker Dyson. “When I got to know Divya, I was so sad about all the unpaid work she needed to do—cleaning clothes,” says Sawhney. In 2018, he returned to the United Kingdom to found “The Washing Machine Project”, which is developing a washing solution that will be affordable, portable and accessible for everyone, everywhere. After a few months of developing a model, he received some money from Oxfam's Iraq Response Innovation Lab. Since March 2019, more than 150 Divyas have been given out to refugees in Iraq through non- profit partners. “The response was great,” Sawhney says. His goal is to deliver 8, 000 machines in 10 countries over the next three years. By saving 75 percent of the time and 50 percent of the water required to wash clothes, he says, women and girls will be freer to accept education. Aside from the Divya, Sawhney has also worked on making fuel- efficient cookstoves, and plans to develop refrigerators, conditioners, and lighting. Sawhney sees the world's growing refugee crisis as a call for innovation: “There is a huge need for appliances that make life better for people.” 4 What did Navjot Sawhney do to help the women in India? A. He volunteered to wash clothes for them. B. He provided them with free access to education. C. He called on people in his community to donate clothes. D. He worked out a solution by inventing a washing machine. 5. What inspired Navjot Sawhney to found the project? A. His neighbour's experience. B. His previous work in Dyson. C. The support of a science lab. D. The request of refugees in Iraq. 6. What can we infer about the project in Paragraph 3? A. It is highly praised. B. It focuses on education. C. It has created many jobs. D. It has earned a lot of money. 7. Which of the following can best describe Navjot Sawhney? A. Selfless and honest. B. Helpful and serious. C. Caring and creative. D. Thoughtful and strict. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。英国工程师 Navjot Sawhney在印度贫民窟受到启发，发明了一款便携式洗衣机。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第一段的 “London engineer Navjot Sawhney, however, has come up with an idea: a portable and lightweight washing machine that is similar to a plastic drum.(然而，伦敦的工程师纳夫乔特·索赫尼想出了一个想法：一台类似于塑料鼓的便携式轻质洗衣机。)” 可知，为了帮助印度的妇女, Navjot Sawhney 发明了一种洗衣机来解决这个问题。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的 “31- year- old Sawhney calls it the Divya, after the woman who inspired the project— his former next- door neighbour in South India, where he spent a year volunteering after leaving his job as an engineer at high- end vacuum maker Dyson.(31岁的索尼称之为“Divya”，因为这个项目的灵感来源——他在印度南部的前邻居，在辞去高端真空制造商戴森的工程师工作后，他在那里花了一年时间做志愿者。)” 可知，Navjot Sawhney 在印度做志愿服务时看到邻居的洗衣经历，让他有了创立“洗衣机项目”的灵感。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的 “Since March 2019, more than 150 Divyas have been given out to refugees in Iraq through non- profit partners. ‘The response was great, ’ Sawhney says.(自2019年3月以来，已有150多名迪维亚人通过非营利性合作伙伴发放给了在伊拉克的难民。索赫尼说，反响很好。)” 可知，这款洗衣机反响很好，由此推知，该项目得到很高的评价。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。文中讲述了 Navjot Sawhney为了帮助印度贫困地区的妇女洗衣服而发明了洗衣机，由此可推知，他既有爱心又很有创造力。故选C。 C Our brains have an “auto- correct” feature that we use when re- interpreting ambiguous (含混不清的) sounds, according to new research. The study sheds light on how the brain uses information gathered after the discovering of an initial sound to aid speech comprehension. The findings point to new ways we use information and context to aid in speech comprehension. “What a person thinks they hear does not always match the actual signals that reach the ear,” explains lead author Laura Gwilliams. “This is because the brain re-evaluates the interpretation of a speech sound at the moment each following speech sound is heard in order to update interpretations as necessary,” Gwilliams says. It’s well known that the perception of a speech sound is determined by its surrounding context — in the form of words, sentences and other speech sounds. This plays out in everyday life — when we talk, the actual speech we produce is often ambiguous. For example, when a friend says she has a “dent (凹痕) ” in her car, you may hear “tent”. Although this kind of ambiguity happens regularly, we, as listeners, are hardly aware of it. “This is because the brain automatically resolves the ambiguity for us — it picks an interpretation and that’s what we perceive to hear, ” explains Gwilliams. “The way the brain does this is by using the surrounding context to narrow down the possibilities of what the speaker may mean.” In the study, the researchers sought to understand how the brain uses this following information to adjust our perception of what we initially heard. To do this, they conducted a series of experiments in which the subjects listened to isolated syllables and similarly sounding words. Their results produced three primary findings: The brain’s primary auditory cortex (听觉皮层) is sensitive to how ambiguous a speech sound is at just 50 milliseconds after the sound’s appearance. The brain “replays” previous speech sounds while interpreting the following ones, suggesting re-evaluation as the rest of the word unfolds. The brain makes commitments to its “best guess” of how to interpret the signal after about half a second. 8. What is the study mainly about? A. Why some people process information faster. B. How brains tell apart useful information. C. How brains understand unclear words. D. Why people make unclear sounds. 9. What does the author want to show by giving the example in Paragraph 3? A. People are likely to mistake a word for something familiar. B. People can understand others even if they mishear a word. C. People are more likely to mishear their friends. D. It is normal for people to make unclear sounds. 10. What do we know about the unclear words in the experiments? A. They stopped us thinking further. B. They led to misunderstanding. C. They were noticed instantly. D. They seemed to be useless. 11. What does the underlined part “the signal” in the last paragraph refer to? A. The following speech sound. B. The unclearly sounding word. C. The similarly sounding word. D. The isolated syllable. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了根据一项新研究，我们的大脑在重新解释模棱两可的声音时会使用一种“自动纠正”功能。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Our brains have an “auto- correct” feature that we use when re- interpreting ambiguous (含混不清的) sounds, according to new research. The study sheds light on how the brain uses information gathered after the discovering of an initial sound to aid speech comprehension.(新研究表明，我们的大脑具有一种“自动纠正”功能，该功能在我们重新解释含混不清的声音时会发挥作用。该研究揭示了大脑如何利用在发现初始声音后收集到的信息来帮助理解语言)”可知，这项研究的主要内容是大脑如何理解不清晰的词语。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“It’s well known that the perception of a speech sound is determined by its surrounding context—in the form of words, sentences and other speech sounds. This plays out in everyday life—when we talk, the actual speech we produce is often ambiguous. For example, when a friend says she has a “dent (凹痕) ” in her car, you may hear “tent”. Although this kind of ambiguity happens regularly, we, as listeners, are hardly aware of it. “This is because the brain automatically resolves the ambiguity for us— it picks an interpretation and that’s what we perceive to hear, ” explains Gwilliams. “The way the brain does this is by using the surrounding context to narrow down the possibilities of what the speaker may mean.”(众所周知，对语音的感知是由其周围的语境决定的，这些语境以单词、句子和其他语音的形式存在。这在我们的日常生活中随处可见——当我们说话时，我们实际说出的内容往往很模糊。例如，当朋友说她车上有“凹痕”时，你可能会听到“帐篷”。尽管这种模糊性经常发生，但我们作为听众几乎不会意识到这一点。“这是因为大脑会自动为我们解决这种模糊性——它会选择一种解释，而这就是我们感知到的内容，”格威廉姆斯解释道。“大脑这样做的方式是利用周围的语境来缩小说话者可能表达的意思范围。”)”可推知，作者想通过第三段的例子说明即使听错了一个词，人们也能听懂别人说的话。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Their results produced three primary findings: The brain’s primary auditory cortex (听觉皮层) is sensitive to how ambiguous a speech sound is at just 50 milliseconds after the sound’s appearance. The brain “replays” previous speech sounds while interpreting the following ones, suggesting re-evaluation as the rest of the word unfolds. The brain makes commitments to its “best guess” of how to interpret the signal after about half a second.(他们的研究结果产生了三个主要发现：大脑的初级听觉皮层在声音出现50毫秒后就对语音的歧义程度很敏感。大脑在解释接下来的声音时“重播”之前的声音，暗示随着单词的展开重新评估。大脑会在半秒后做出“最佳猜测”来解释信号)”可知，实验中不清楚的单词很快就被注意到了。故选C项。 【11题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Their results produced three primary findings: The brain’s primary auditory cortex (听觉皮层) is sensitive to how ambiguous a speech sound is at just 50 milliseconds after the sound’s appearance. The brain “replays” previous speech sounds while interpreting the following ones, suggesting re-evaluation as the rest of the word unfolds.(他们的研究结果产生了三个主要发现：大脑的初级听觉皮层在声音出现50毫秒后就对语音的歧义程度很敏感。大脑在解释接下来的声音时“重播”之前的声音，暗示随着单词的展开重新评估)”可知，他们的研究结果产生了三个主要发现：大脑的初级听觉皮层在声音出现50毫秒后就对语音的模糊程度很敏感。大脑在解释接下来的声音时“重播”之前的声音，暗示随着单词的展开重新评估。大脑会在半秒后做出“最佳猜测”来解释发音不清楚的单词。故划线词意思“发音不清楚的单词”。故选B项。 D On Inaccessible Island, you hear the sound of the Inaccessible Island rails (秧鸡) everywhere. The small flightless birds move around, feeding on worms and berries. During a trip in 2011, it took days for Stervander, then a doctoral student, to spot one. “Even then, you see something little and dark, running for a second, and that’s about it,” he says. Catching one, though, proved easy. When scientists played a recording of the bird’s call, a male and female ran into the net a few minutes later. Inaccessible Island rails live only on Inaccessible Island. “No one knew the history,” says Stervander, now a research fellow at the University of Oregon. He aimed to answer the question about these birds: How did they get to Inaccessible Island to begin with? The first scientist to describe the rail was Percy Lowe. He thought the bird was from Africa and had always been flightless. In his view, it had arrived at the island by walking over land bridges. But now the science of plate tectonics (板块构造论) suggests that’s not the case. In a recent paper, Stervander and his colleagues give evidence for a different version. After studying the genome (基因组) of the rails, scientists found the Inaccessible Island rail’s closest relative — the crake in Uruguay. Both birds are related to the black rail in America. The finding suggests the ancestors of these birds could fly. That means Inaccessible Island rails flew to their present home, and like many birds living on islands with no predators (捕食者), they gradually lost the ability to fly. Flying takes energy, so if there’s no reason to fly, it’s more practical not to. On this island, there’s a growing population of rails, but they’re fragile. Should a predator reach the island, it could make quick work of the birds. People on nearby islands are careful to avoid introducing any predators to Inaccessible Island, and the risk is low, given how hard it is to get there. For now, the rails live peacefully in a place where few humans are eager to go. 12. What can we learn about the Inaccessible Island rails? A. They are hard to trap. B. They can be seen everywhere. C. They move around quickly. D. They are not afraid of humans. 13. What caused the Inaccessible Island rails to become flightless? A. Their lack of energy. B. Their living environment. C. Their way to search for food. D. Their connection with their ancestors. 14. Which best describes the present situation of the Inaccessible Island rails? A. Safe. B. Tough. C. Unexpected. D. Dangerous. 15. What’s the best title for the text? A. The Development of Rails on Inaccessible Island B. The Need to Protect Flightless Inaccessible Island Rails C. How Did the Flightless Bird Get to Inaccessible Island? D. Why are Inaccessible Island Rails Limited on the Island? 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章描述了在伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛生活的一种无法飞行的秧鸡，并分析了它们到达岛屿的方法和不会飞行的原因。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段““Even then, you see something little and dark, running for a second, and that’s about it,” he says.(“即使在那个时候，你也会看到一个又小又黑的东西在跑，仅此而已，”他说)”可知，岛上的秧鸡行动敏捷，被人们看到后转眼就跑没影了。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“That means Inaccessible Island rails flew to their present home, and like many birds living on islands with no predators (捕食者), they gradually lost the ability to fly.(这意味着伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛的秧鸡飞到了它们现在的家，就像许多生活在没有捕食者的岛屿上的鸟类一样，它们逐渐失去了飞行的能力)”可知，秧鸡的生活环境让它们逐渐失去了飞行的能力。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“People on nearby islands are careful to avoid introducing any predators to Inaccessible Island, and the risk is low, given how hard it is to get there. For now, the rails live peacefully in a place where few humans are eager to go.(附近岛屿上的人们小心翼翼地避免将任何捕食者引入伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛，考虑到到达那里的难度，风险很低。目前，这些秧鸡平静地生活在一个很少有人愿意去的地方)”推知，岛上没有捕食者，也几乎没有人类到达，所以它们目前是很安全的。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“He aimed to answer the question about these birds: How did they get to Inaccessible Island to begin with?(他的目的是回答关于这些鸟的问题：它们是如何到达伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛的？)”和全文内容可知，文章主要就在伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛生活的没有飞行能力的秧鸡是如何到达这座岛屿的话题展开讨论，介绍了科学家的相关研究发现。由此可知，How Did the Flightless Bird Get to Inaccessible Island?(不会飞的鸟是如何到伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛的？)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。 第二节（共5 小题；每小题 2. 5分，满分 12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are worms the heroes we didn’t know we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling (扭动), you might think that worms are good for nothing except bait (诱饵) on the end of a fishing pole. ____16____ The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that no other animal has “played such an important part in the history of the world as these lowly organised creatures”. They have lived on Earth for 600 million years and have even survived five mass extinctions. ____17____ Earthworms literally move the earth, and this is why farmers love them. As they travel, they aerate (使透气) the soil by loosening, mixing and oxygenating it. ____18____ They are effectively a small but very efficient plough (犁). But it’s not just earthworms that deserve praise. In 2022, a group of scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre for Biological Research isolated enzymes (酶) found in wax worm saliva (唾液) which are plastic-eating. _____19_____ It’s hoped that by producing these enzymes on an industry-level scale, we will have a more environmentally friendly way to reduce plastic pollution. _____20_____ Bloodworms are small sea creatures which press themselves into the mud of the ocean floor. Scientists at the University of California, Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws, which are made up of 10% copper proteins (铜蛋白) and are so strong that they last the worm’s entire five-year lifespan. Because of this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiration for the design and manufacture of materials like concrete. So, next time you see a worm, show it a little respect. They really are changing the world! A. So, what do worms do that is so great? B. Worms have a lifespan of a few months. C. And worms are even inspiring the building industry. D. It increases the ground’s capacity to hold and empty water. E. However, there is more to the humble worm than meets the eye. F. Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. G. These can break down a very common plastic that normally breaks down over many years. 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不起眼的蠕虫实际上是我们需要的英雄，它们可以疏松土壤，更快地分解难以降解的塑料，甚至为建筑行业提供灵感。 【16题详解】 前文“Are worms the heroes we didn’t know we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling (扭动), you might think that worms are good for nothing except bait (诱饵) on the end of a fishing pole. (蠕虫是我们不知道自己需要的英雄吗？沉默、黏糊糊、蠕动着，你可能会认为蠕虫除了在鱼竿末端做诱饵外别无用处)”提到人们通常认为蠕虫没有特别的用处，后文段落具体介绍了蠕虫的大作用。因此E项“However, there is more to the humble worm than meets the eye. (然而，这条不起眼的蠕虫并不像我们看到的那么简单)”符合语境，指出蠕虫其实并不简单，和前文构成转折，引出后文段落内容。故选E。 【17题详解】 前文“The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that no other animal has “played such an important part in the history of the world as these lowly organised creatures”. They have lived on Earth for 600 million years and have even survived five mass extinctions. (英国博物学家查尔斯·达尔文说，没有其他动物“在世界历史上扮演过像这些低等组织生物这样重要的角色”。它们在地球上生活了6亿年，甚至在五次大灭绝中幸存下来)”引用达尔文的话，强调蠕虫的重要性，并提到蠕虫顽强的生存能力，后文段落介绍蠕虫的奇特之处。因此A项“So, what do worms do that is so great? (那么，蠕虫有什么了不起的地方呢)”符合语境，承接前文，以问题的形式引出对蠕虫了不起之处的探究，引出后文的具体介绍。故选A。 【18题详解】 前文“Earthworms literally move the earth, and this is why farmers love them. As they travel, they aerate (使透气) the soil by loosening, mixing and oxygenating it. (蚯蚓可以移动土地，这就是为什么农民喜欢它们。在移动过程中，它们通过松动、混合和充氧使土壤透气)”介绍蚯蚓帮助松动土壤，让土壤透气。因此D项“It increases the ground’s capacity to hold and empty water. (这增加了地面蓄水和排水的能力)”符合语境，指出这样对地面蓄水和排水方面的帮助，承接前文。故选D。 【19题详解】 前文“In 2022, a group of scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre for Biological Research isolated enzymes (酶) found in wax worm saliva (唾液) which are plastic-eating. (2022年，Margarita Salas生物研究中心的一组科学家从蜡虫唾液中分离出了能吃塑料的酶。)”提到科学家们分离出了能吃塑料的酶。因此G项“These can break down a very common plastic that normally breaks down over many years. (它们可以分解一种很常见的塑料，这种塑料通常需要很多年才能分解)”符合语境，介绍这种酶的巨大作用，承接前文，其中These指代前文的enzymes。故选G。 【20题详解】 空处位于段首，应该是段落中心句，和前面两个段落并列，继续介绍蠕虫的大作用。后文“Scientists at the University of California, Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws, which are made up of 10% copper proteins (铜蛋白) and are so strong that they last the worm’s entire five-year lifespan. Because of this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiration for the design and manufacture of materials like concrete. (加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的科学家们一直在研究它们的下颚，它们的下颚由10%的铜蛋白质组成，非常坚固，可以维持这种蠕虫整整五年的寿命。由于这项研究，工程师们可能会开始使用颚作为设计和制造混凝土等材料的灵感)”主要介绍通过研究这种下颚，工程师们得到一些建筑方面的灵感。因此C项“And worms are even inspiring the building industry. (蠕虫甚至给建筑行业带来了灵感)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30 分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A few months ago, I was down with a terrible cold which ended in a bad cough. No matter how many different medicines I tried, I ___21___ couldn’t get rid of the cough. Not only did it ___22___ my teaching but also my life as a whole. Then one day after class, a student came up to me and ___23___ traditional Chinese medicine. From her description, Chinese medicine sounded as if it had magic power that ___24___. I was ___25___ because I knew so little about it and have never tried it before. ___26___, my cough got so much worse that I couldn’t sleep at night, so I decided to give it a ___27___. The Chinese doctor took my pulse and asked to see my tongue, both of which were new experience to me because they are both ___28___ in Western medicine, where diagnosis relies heavily on ___29___. Then the doctor gave me a scraping (刮) treatment known as “Gua Sha”. I was a little ___30___ at first because he used a smooth edged tool to scrape the skin on my neck and shoulders. A few minutes later, the treatment started to produce a ___31___ effect and my body and mind began to sink deeper into ___32___. I didn’t feel any improvement in my ___33___ in the first couple of days, but after a few more regular visits to the doctor, my cough started to ___34___. Then within a matter of weeks, it was completely ___35___! 21. A. still B. even C. currently D. certainly 22. A. facilitate B. benefit C. inconvenience D. change 23. A. recommended B. sold C. prescribed D. adopted 24. A. set trends B. brought rewards C. changed rules D. worked wonders 25. A. excited B. hesitant C. optimistic D. nervous 26. A. Consequently B. Eventually C. Admittedly D. Surprisingly 27. A. break B. look C. shot D. miss 28. A. frequently-used B. nonexistent C. highly-recommended D. noneffective 29. A. doctors B. hospitals C. symptoms D. machines 30. A. unsatisfied B. tired C. disappointed D. scared 31. A. relieving B. damaging C. stimulating D. cooling 32. A. relaxation B. pain C. uneasiness D. depression 33. A. capability B. strength C. condition D. circumstance 34 A. worsen B. lessen C. lengthen D. quicken 35. A. unexpected B. fine C. different D. gone 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者咳嗽了很久且多少药都不管用。咳嗽严重影响了作者的教学和生活。后来在学生的推荐下，作者去看了中医。经过几周治疗，作者完全康复。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不管我试了多少药，我还是治不好咳嗽。A. still仍然；B. even甚至；C. currently当前；D. certainly当然。根据“No matter how many different medicines I tried”可知，不管作者用了多少不同的药，仍然治不好咳嗽。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅给我的教学带来了不便，也给我的整个生活带来了不便。A. facilitate促进；B. benefit使受益；C. inconvenience给……带来不便；D. change改变。根据前文“I ___1___ couldn’t get rid of the cough.”可知，咳嗽给作者的教学和整个生活都带来了不便。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来有一天下课后，一个学生走过来向我推荐中医。A. recommended推荐；B. sold出售；C. prescribed开处方；D. adopted采用。根据后文“From her description, Chinese medicine sounded as if it had magic power that ___4___.”可知，有一天下课，一个学生来找作者并推荐了中医。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：从她的描述中，中医听起来好像有神奇的力量，可以创造奇迹。A. set trends引领潮流；B. brought rewards带来回报；C. changed rules改变规则；D. worked wonders创造奇迹。根据“as if it had magic power”可知，中医听起来好像有产生奇妙的作用的神奇力量。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很犹豫，因为我对它知之甚少，以前也从未尝试过。A. excited兴奋的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. nervous紧张的。根据后文“because I knew so little about it and have never tried it before.”可知，作者以前从未尝试过中医，所以很犹豫。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的咳嗽越来越严重，晚上睡不着觉，所以我决定试一试。A. Consequently因此；B. Eventually最终；C. Admittedly诚然，无可否认；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据“my cough got so much worse that I couldn’t sleep at night”可知，最后作者的咳嗽越来越严重，晚上睡不着觉。故选B项。 27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的咳嗽越来越严重，晚上睡不着觉，所以我决定试一试。A. break休息；B. look看；C. shot射击；D. miss错过。根据下文“The Chinese doctor took my pulse and asked to see my tongue”可知，作者决定试一试。短语give it a shot“试一试，尝试一下”。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国医生为我把脉，并要求看一下我的舌头，这对我来说都是新的体验，因为在西医中，诊断严重依赖机器，这两项都是不存在的。A. frequently-used经常使用的；B. nonexistent不存在的；C. highly-recommended极力推荐的；D. noneffective无效的。根据“both of which were new experience to me”可知，把脉和看舌头这两种情况在西医里都是不存在的。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国医生为我把脉，并要求看一下我的舌头，这对我来说都是新的体验，因为在西医中，诊断严重依赖机器，这两项都是不存在的。A. doctors医生；B. hospitals医院；C. symptoms症状；D. machines机器。根据“in Western medicine”以及结合常识可知，西医是严重依赖机器的诊断。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始我有点害怕，因为他用一个光滑的工具刮我脖子和肩膀上的皮肤。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. tired疲倦的；C. disappointed失望的；D. scared害怕的。根据“because he used a smooth edged tool to scrape the skin on my neck and shoulders.”以及下文“ A few minutes later, the treatment started to produce a ___11___ effect and my body and mind began to sink deeper into ___12___.”可知，作者第一次看中医，看到医生用一个光滑的工具刮脖子和肩膀上的皮肤，感到害怕。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，治疗开始产生缓解效果，我的身心开始更加放松。A. relieving缓解的；B. damaging损害的，有破坏性的；C. stimulating刺激的；D. cooling凉爽的，冷静的。根据后文“Then within a matter of weeks, it was completely ___15___!”可知，作者的咳嗽完全好了，由此可知，此处指医生的治疗产生了缓解效果。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，治疗开始产生缓解效果，我的身心开始更加放松。A. relaxation放松；B. pain疼痛；C. uneasiness不安；D. depression抑郁。根据上文“A few minutes later, the treatment started to produce a ___11___ effect”以及下文“Then within a matter of weeks, it was completely ___15___!”可知，治疗开始产生缓解效果，作者的身心开始更加放松。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我感觉自己的病情没有任何改善，但在多去看了几次医生后，我的咳嗽开始减轻。A. capability能力；B. strength力量；C. condition条件；D. circumstance情况。情况。根据上文“I didn’t feel any improvement”可知，作者感觉自己的病情没有任何改善。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我感觉自己的病情没有任何改善，但在多去看了几次医生后，我的咳嗽开始减轻。A. worsen恶化；B. lessen(使)减少，减轻；C. lengthen延长；D. quicken加快。根据“I didn’t feel any improvement in my ___13____ in the first couple of days, but after a few more regular visits to the doctor”可知，最初的几天里，作者感觉自己的病情没有任何改善，但在多去看了几次医生后，作者的咳嗽开始减轻。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后在几周内，它就完全消失了！A. unexpected意外的；B. fine好的；C. different不同的；D. gone消失的。根据前文“but after a few more regular visits to the doctor, my cough started to ___1___.”可知，作者的咳嗽开始减轻，几个星期后，应是消失了。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Spending time in the great outdoors is a full-on sensory experience with endless skies, beautiful forests, the sounds of the wind and the warm feeling of sunrays _____36_____ (rest) on your face. In addition to nature’s _____37_____ (enjoy) sights, sounds and sensations, the familiar smells of nature can be just as appealing. In fact, a recent study found that nature doesn’t just smell good, but its fragrances make people feel good as well. The researchers from the University of Kent in the UK _____38_____ (send) 194 participants to relax in the woodlands throughout the four seasons. The participants reported feeling relaxed when they smelled _____39_____they described as “fresh air” or “earthy” smells. According to the study, these smells brought back fun memories of their childhoods. ____40____instance, pine trees made some participants think about Christmas. “We found that smells affected multiple fields of well-being with physical well-being discussed most_____41_____ (frequent), particularly in relation to relaxation, comfort and rejuvenation (恢复活力),” wrote the researchers in the study. They also found that people feel more settled in a smell-free zone, with this result possibly _____42_____ (link) to the absence of bad- smelling urban smells, like pollution. Dr Jessica Fisher, study co-author, pointed out these results could _____43_____ (apply) in future practice. In his opinion, when_____44_____ comes to enjoying a hike in the woods or a picnic under the open skies, it pays _____45_____ (keep) not only one’s eyes and ears, but also one’s nose, open. 【答案】36. resting 37. enjoyable 38. sent 39. what 40. For 41. frequently 42. linked 43. be applied 44. it 45. to keep 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，大自然芳香的气味能改善幸福感。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间在户外是一种全方位的感官体验，无尽的天空，美丽的森林，风的声音和温暖的阳光照在你的脸上。sunrays与空白处所填词在逻辑上是主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填resting。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：除了大自然令人愉快的景象、声音和感觉之外，大自然熟悉的气味也同样具有吸引力。空白处所填词在文中作定语修饰“sights, sounds and sensations”，故填形容词enjoyable。故填enjoyable。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：来自英国肯特大学的研究人员让194名参与者在一年四季都在森林里放松。根据下一句中的“The participants reported. . . ”可知，谓语动词动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。故填sent。 【39题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：参与者报告说，当他们闻到他们所说的“新鲜空气”或“泥土”气味时，他们感到放松。空白处所填词引导宾语从句，且在从句中作described的宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，故填what。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：例如，松树让一些参与者想起了圣诞节。for instance意为“例如”，首字母应大写。故填For。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：“我们发现，气味会影响多个领域的健康，其中最常被讨论的是身体健康，尤其是与放松、舒适和恢复活力有关的健康，”研究人员在研究中写道。空白处所填词作状语修饰动词“discussed”，故填副词frequently。故填frequently。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还发现，人们在没有气味的地方感觉更安定，这种结果可能与没有城市难闻的气味有关，比如污染。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构作状语，link和宾语this result之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。故填linked。 【43题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：该研究的合著者Jessica Fisher博士指出，这些结果可以应用于未来的实践。“these results”是“apply”动作的承受者, 故用被动语态；情态动词could在此用于表示“可能性”，后接动词原形。故填be applied。 【44题详解】 考查代词。句意：在他看来，当谈到享受在树林里远足或在开阔的天空下野餐时，不仅要睁大眼睛和耳朵，还要睁大鼻子。when it comes to. . . 为固定句型，意为“谈到，涉及……”。故填it。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中it作形式主语，空白处用不定式作真正主语。故填to keep。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校广播站将增加15分钟的英语节目(Special English)。请你给负责的外教Bob写一个邮件，内容包括： 1. 对该举措的态度； 2. 对内容的建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Bob, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Bob, I am glad to hear the news of the upcoming addition of Special English. This not only increases the opportunities for our students to practice English listening, but also enriches our campus cultural atmosphere. Given the limited time, I think the content should not only be novel but also short, including campus news, student interviews, English knowledge and other forms. At the same time, we should constantly listen to the opinions of our schoolmates and stimulate their enthusiasm for learning English. I believe that under your guidance, this program will become better and better. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给负责学校广播站的外教Bob写一个邮件，表明对增加15分钟英语节目的态度和建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 机会：chance →opportunity 观点：view→opinion 环境：environment→atmosphere 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I think the content should not only be novel but also short, including campus news, student interviews, English knowledge and other forms.  拓展句：I think the content should not only be novel but also short, which includes campus news, student interviews, English knowledge and other forms.  【点睛】【高分句型1】This not only increases the opportunities for our students to practice English listening, but also enriches our campus cultural atmosphere.（运用了not only...but also连接的并列谓语） 【高分句型2】I believe that under your guidance, this program will become better and better.（运用了that引导宾语从句） 第二节（满分 25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jackie Oelfke, a retired bank manager, pays great attention to developing children’s independent financial awareness from an early age. She bought a piggy bank (存钱罐) for every child. She even passed on the good tradition to her granddaughter. Sunshine Oelfke. When Sunshine was just born, Jackie Oelfke bought her a large piggy bank. They used the piggy bank as a toy. Later, when Sunshine grew older, they would pour out coins and play games. When they had small change, they took the coins back and put them in the money storage tank. enjoying it tirelessly. What they lack is not money, but a good habit. The little girl has always believed in this concept: even if you are rich, you should be careful with your money. Two weeks ago, the 7-year-old girl emptied her piggy bank onto the living room floor after school and immediately started counting. Jackie thought she was playing as she carefully lined up the coins. but then she saw the girl put the coins into a plastic bag and place it in her backpack. Her mind was so busily engaged that she did not always know when she was silent. “That aroused my curiosity,” Jackie said. “Nobody messes with the piggy bank.” After observing Sunshine at work for a few minutes longer. Jackie decided to find out why the little girl broke into her savings. “What are you doing with that money?” Jackie asked her granddaughter with a smile “I’m taking it to school.” Sunshine replied without looking. She seemed to struggle before talking to her grandma. The little girl finally stated the real reason why she needed the money. “I’m going to take it for milk money. My friend Layla doesn’t get milk—her mum doesn’t have milk money and I do.” As a special guest, Jackie once went to participate in activities organized at Sunshine’s school. Sunshine’s teacher, Rita Hausher, told her that many students in her class came from poor families, and she remembered having Layla. At that time, she had the idea of helping them, but she didn’t know how to do it more appropriately. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Jackie’s heart melted (融化) at Sunshine’s words. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jackie posted a tearful video online to explain her granddaughter’s plan. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Jackie’s heart melted (融化) at Sunshine’s words. Choked with strong feelings, Jackie held her sweet granddaughter tightly in her arms. People must understand that actions speak louder than words. Last week, Jackie and Sunshine met with her teacher. Rita Hausher, and handed her the $30 the kindergartner had saved. There are 20 kids in Sunshine’s class and about half don’t get milk. It costs $0.45 a carton. The total adds up to about $180 a month for every child in the class to have milk every day. Jackie posted a tearful video online to explain her granddaughter’s plan. To her surprise, dozens of people offered to donate to the cause. Within a week, Jackie raised more than $1,000. Now every student in Sunshine’s class can get free milk for the rest of the year. Jackie said Sunshine doesn’t see her kind act as a big deal. She was just trying to look out for her friends. “She doesn’t understand the effect she’s brought about,” Jackie said. “But now she knows she can do whatever she puts her mind to.” 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了在Jackie Oelfke的教育下，从小培养了她的孙女Sunshine在储蓄罐里存钱的好习惯，Sunshine为了自己的朋友清空她的储蓄罐，为她的朋友买牛奶。Jackie和Sunshine一起帮助了班里贫困家庭的学生。她们的故事在网上传开之后，感动了很多人，人们纷纷加入到这一慈善事业中。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“听了Sunshine的话，Jackie的心融化了。”可知，第一段可描写Jackie和Sunshine一起帮助Sunshine班里贫困家庭的学生而采取的行动。 ②由第二段首句内容“Jackie在网上发布了一段催人泪下的视频，解释她孙女的计划。”可知，第二段可描写Jackie和Sunshine的故事发布在网上之后，感动了很多人，人们纷纷加入到这一慈善事业中，帮助了Sunshine班里贫困家庭的学生。 2.续写线索：Jackie从小培养她孙女Sunshine在储蓄罐里存钱——Sunshine把存钱罐的钱全部取出来——Jackie问孙女拿所有钱原因——Sunshine解释想帮她朋友Layla换牛奶——Jackie决心帮助贫困家庭的学生——Jackie在网上发布了Sunshine计划的视频——人们加入这一慈善事业中——帮助了Sunshine班里贫困家庭的学生 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①理解：understand/comprehend ②交给：hand/give/pass on ③得到：get/gain/acquire 情绪类 ①强烈的情感：strong feelings/strong emotions ②令她吃惊的是：to her surprise/to her astonishment/ to her amazement 【点睛】[高分句型1] Choked with strong feelings, Jackie held her sweet granddaughter tightly in her arms.（运用了过去分词作状语） [高分句型2] But now she knows she can do whatever she puts her mind to.（运用了whatever引导宾语从句） 1~5 CAACC 6~10 ABAAB 11~15 ABAAB 16~20 CCBBC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$