考点清单04 选择性必修一Unit2-Unit4 非谓语动词用法- 2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中考点大串讲（外研版2019）

外研版选择性必修一 Unit 2　 单元重点语法： 非谓语动词的语法功能 所能充当的成分 主语 表语 宾语 宾语补足语 定语 状语 V-ing形式 现在分词 △ △ △ △ 动名词 △ △ △ △ 不定式（to do） △ △ △ △ △ △ 过去分词(done) △ △ △ △ 感知语法规律 1．I offered to paint the house in exchange for a week's accommodation. 2．John is very reliable — if he promises to do something, he'll certainly do it. 3．One can always manage to do more things, no matter how tight one's schedule is. 4．All the staff in our company are considering going to the city centre for the fashion show. 5．He got well­prepared for the interview, for he couldn't risk losing the good opportunity. 1．所有画线部分都是句中的宾语。 2．to paint the house, to do something, to do more things是不定式作宾语。（第1、2、3句） 3．going to the city, losing the good opportunity是­ing形式作宾语。（第4、5句） 动词的-ing形式和动词不定式宾语 分类1： 常接动词不定式作宾语的动词 agree, afford, offer, intend, plan, demand, promise, help, prepare, decide, refuse, choose, wish/hope/want/expect, fail, pretend, manage, determine, beg, arrange, threaten, claim, aim, hesitate, seem, happen等动词后常接动词不定式作宾语。 单句语法填空 1. One study in America found that students' grades improved a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ________ (wear) the uniform. 2. I didn't mean ________ (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help trying it. 3. If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer ________ (collect) mail and newspapers. 动词不定式作宾语的三种形式： (1) 一般式：动词不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(状态)同时发生，或是在它之后发生。当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的发出者时，用主动形式(to do)；当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的承受者时，用被动形式(to be done)。 (2) 进行式：动词不定式的进行式(to be doing)表示动词不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，并强调动作的持续性或动作正在进行。 (3) 完成式：动词不定式的完成式(to have done)表示动词不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 单句语法填空 1. She pretended ___________ (listen) to the manager, but actually she was thinking about something else. 2. Look at the pride on Tom's face. He seems ________________ (praise) by the manager just now. 分类2： 常接动词­ing形式作宾语的动词（短语） appreciate, consider, delay, avoid, finish, imagine, miss, mean, resist, risk, suggest, mind, give up, insist on, allow, feel like, escape, admit等动词(短语)后通常接动词­ing形式作宾语。 单句语法填空 1. Wild camping is illegal in England. To avoid ______________ (catch), the Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning. 2. Young people may risk ________ (go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. 分类3： 既能接动词不定式也能接动词­ing形式且意义不同的动词(短语) continue to do 继续做另外一件事/ continue doing 继续做同一件事 try to do 努力做某事/ try doing 尝试做某事 forget to do 忘记去做某事/ forget doing 忘记做过某事 remember to do 记得去做某事/ remember doing 记得做过某事 regret to do 遗憾去做某事/ regret doing 后悔做过某事 mean to do 打算做某事/ mean doing 意味着做某事 can’t help to do 不能帮忙做某事/ can’t help doing 忍不住做某事 单句语法填空 1. I still remember ________ (take) to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. 2. Please remember ________________(give) my best regards to your family. 分类4： 动词不定式与动词­ing形式作宾语的其他用法 在need, require, want(表“需要”)等动词的后面可接动词­ing形式作宾语(用主动形式表示被动含义)，也可接动词不定式的被动式作宾语。即：need/require/want doing = need/require/want to be done 外研版选择性必修一 Unit 3　 感知语法规律 1．Predicting the future can be difficult. 2．Cloning plants is straight forward but the cloning of animals is more complicated. 3．Traveling in space by ordinary citizens will be common. 4．Playing computer games is my favourite. 四句中所有画线部分均为动词­ing形式，在句中都是作主语。 动词的-ing形式主语 意义及位置 1.动词­ing作主语放在句首，通常表示一般性的、习惯性的动作或状态，且作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式。 2.it作形式主语，将真正作主语的动词-ing或动词不定式to do后置。 It’s a waste of time playing video games every day. It’s beneficial to do some exercise regularly in the morning. 形式： 肯定：主动：doing → 被动：being done 否定：主动：not doing → 被动：not being done Being praised by his teachers made him regain the confidence. 被老师表扬使他重获自信。 Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. 不给予足够的赞扬和给予太多一样有害。 外研版选择性必修一 Unit 4 感知语法规律 1．My goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality. 2．Its purpose is to involve visitors in physical exercise and athletic competition. 3．Her first delight was going to the Tower. 4．What you said is really inspiring. 5．He's really amusing and tells jokes when he thinks we're getting bored. 6．Although the cities were crowded, the country was beautiful. 1．所有画线部分在句中都作表语； 2．to provide, to involve 是不定式作表语； 3．going to the Tower, amusing, getting是动词­ing作表语； 4．bored, crowded是动词­ed作表语。 动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式表语 动词不定式作表语 动词不定式作表语，可以说明主语的具体内容，还可以表示目的、结果、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿等，其主语通常为aim, duty, hope, idea, job, plan, problem, purpose, wish等名词，或是what引导的名词性从句。不定式作表语时，主语和表语有时可以交换位置，其意思不变。 省略to的情况：动词不定式作表语时，一般情况下不定式符号to不能省略，但当主语部分含有从句且从句谓语部分有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式符号to可保留也可省略。 All we need to do is (to) live each day with passion. 我们需要做的就是充满激情地过好每一天。 Don't worry. What you need to do is (to) have a good sleep. 别担心，你需要做的就是好好睡一觉。 单句语法填空 1. Always keep in mind that your main task is ________ (get) this company running smoothly. 2. The aim of the designer is ________ (create) solutions to problems through the most efficient means. 动词-ing作表语 动名词(短语)作表语：作表语的动名词(短语)所体现的是名词的特性，用于对主语的内容进行解释说明，往往表示主语所具有的特征且主语和表语可以换位。 What I am tired of is waiting here alone. (＝Waiting here alone is what I am tired of.) My job is teaching you English. (＝Teaching you English is my job.) 现在分词(短语)作表语：作表语的现在分词(短语)是形容词性的，表示主语的性质或特征，主语和表语不可换位。 The result of the accident is shocking. 这一事故的后果令人震惊。 The argument is very convincing. 这一论据很有说服力。 动名词(短语)作表语与动词不定式(短语)作表语的区别： 动名词(短语)作表语表示一般性的动作；动词不定式(短语)作表语表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。 His hobby is painting. 他的爱好是画画。(一般性的动作) Today what he wants to do is (to) paint. 今天他想要做的事是画画。(具体的动作) His wish is to become an artist. 他的愿望是成为一名艺术家。(将要发生的事) 动词-ed作表语 动词­ed可放在系动词be, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表语，往往表示主语所处的状态或状况。作表语的动词­ed可用very, quite, much等修饰。 The door remained locked. 门仍然锁着。 I'm very interested in your story. 我对你的故事很感兴趣。 某些表示情感、情绪的动词­ed，如：terrified, surprised, astonished, excited, disappointed, moved, shocked, interested, discouraged, amused, frightened, inspired, pleased, satisfied, tired, worried等作表语时，已具有形容词的性质，其主语通常是人。 He seemed quite delighted at the news. 听到这个消息他似乎很高兴。 I am very pleased with the result of the experiment. 我对这个实验结果很满意。 动词­ed作表语和动词的被动语态的区别：动词­ed作表语表示的是一种状态或情况，而被动语态表示的是一个动作，被动意味很强。 The glass is broken. 玻璃杯碎了。（状态） The glass was broken by him. 玻璃杯被他打碎了。（动作） 动词­ed与现在分词作表语的区别：英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词意为“令人……的”，多用来修饰物；其动词­ed意为“感到……的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。常见的这类词有： exciting 令人激动的 excited 激动的，兴奋的 surprising 令人吃惊的 surprised 惊讶的 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失望的 encouraging 振奋人心的 encouraged 受到鼓舞的 frightening 令人害怕的 frightened 害怕的 interesting 有趣的 interested 感兴趣的 单句语法填空 1. I was ________ (delight) at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. 2. Students who take a well­planned year out are more likely to be ________ (satisfy) with, and complete, their chosen course. 巩固练习： 单句填空A组 1.The project won a prize at China Thinks Big, a competition __________(hold) by Harvard and Tsinghua University to encourage teenagers to explore important global issues and focus on solutions. 2.Cygnus arrived at the International Space Station on February 21,2022,________（carry）a large load of supplies and scientific experiments. 3.Although I had money and a place ____________(sleep),I recognized that I needed help too. 4.It didn't take long for us__________(realize) the full depth of her suffering. 5.During the Qin Dynasty,to keep the enemy out of his empire,Qin Shi Huang had all the walls_________ (join)up. 6.First_____________ (create) by the U.S.agriculturalist Sterling Morton in 1872,Tree-planting Day was set in order to inspire people's passions for planting and protecting trees. 7.I was walking alone on the beach when I heard someone ___________(call)out for help. 8._____________(build) over 2,200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering achievement is still being used today. 9.After a few years, the caves were opened as a tourist attraction, and 1,200 people per day came to the site__________(admire) the paintings. 10.Happiness is a flower ___________(live) in the sunshine, and it is not difficult to reach for it. 单句填空B组 1.I feel it our responsibility__________(communicate)about the charm of the primitive inscriptions with the younger generations and foreigners. 2.The research,which was published in the journal Science of the Total Environment last week, is the first study_____________(identify) the plastics in the lungs of living people. 3.Senior Colonel Wang Yaping, the first female Chinese space walker, said that she was very happy__________(return) to the motherland and wanted to tell her little daughter that her mom had returned after reaching for the stars. 4.Problems keep____________(range) from the lack of doctors to the increase of medical expenses. 5.TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) is about ____________(restore) the balance between yin and yang forces in patients. 6.To really appreciate and understand another language,you need__________ (understand) its culture and philosophy. 7.With less people____________(choose) to make sugar paintings, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have become a distant memory in some ways. 8.__________(see) their aimless daughter every day,they are very disappointed. 9. At the entrance to a Chinese garden, there is usually a huge stone or a high wall __________(use)to screen your view. 10.___________(tell)many times, he finally understood it. 动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语 动词不定式作表语 通常情况 动词-ing作表语 动名词(短语)作表语 现在分词(短语)作表语 动词-ed作表语 系动词后 表示情感、情绪的动词 省略to的情况 两者区别 动词­ed作表语和动词的被动语态的区别 动词­ed与现在分词作表语的区别 动词的-ing 作主语 位置 句首 it作形式主语 形式 肯定 主动：doing 被动：being done 否定 主动：not doing 被动：not being done 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 外研版选择性必修一 Unit 2　 单元重点语法： 非谓语动词的语法功能 所能充当的成分 主语 表语 宾语 宾语补足语 定语 状语 V-ing形式 现在分词 △ △ △ △ 动名词 △ △ △ △ 不定式（to do） △ △ △ △ △ △ 过去分词(done) △ △ △ △ 感知语法规律 1．I offered to paint the house in exchange for a week's accommodation. 2．John is very reliable — if he promises to do something, he'll certainly do it. 3．One can always manage to do more things, no matter how tight one's schedule is. 4．All the staff in our company are considering going to the city centre for the fashion show. 5．He got well­prepared for the interview, for he couldn't risk losing the good opportunity. 1．所有画线部分都是句中的宾语。 2．to paint the house, to do something, to do more things是不定式作宾语。（第1、2、3句） 3．going to the city, losing the good opportunity是­ing形式作宾语。（第4、5句） 动词的-ing形式和动词不定式宾语 分类1： 常接动词不定式作宾语的动词 agree, afford, offer, intend, plan, demand, promise, help, prepare, decide, refuse, choose, wish/hope/want/expect, fail, pretend, manage, determine, beg, arrange, threaten, claim, aim, hesitate, seem, happen等动词后常接动词不定式作宾语。 单句语法填空 1. One study in America found that students' grades improved a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ________ (wear) the uniform. 2. I didn't mean ________ (eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help trying it. 3. If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer ________ (collect) mail and newspapers. 【答案】1. to wear 2. to eat 3. to collect 动词不定式作宾语的三种形式： (1) 一般式：动词不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(状态)同时发生，或是在它之后发生。当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的发出者时，用主动形式(to do)；当动词不定式的逻辑主语是其所表示的动作的承受者时，用被动形式(to be done)。 (2) 进行式：动词不定式的进行式(to be doing)表示动词不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，并强调动作的持续性或动作正在进行。 (3) 完成式：动词不定式的完成式(to have done)表示动词不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 单句语法填空 1. She pretended ___________ (listen) to the manager, but actually she was thinking about something else. 2. Look at the pride on Tom's face. He seems ________________ (praise) by the manager just now. 【答案】1. to be listening 2. to have been praised 分类2： 常接动词­ing形式作宾语的动词（短语） appreciate, consider, delay, avoid, finish, imagine, miss, mean, resist, risk, suggest, mind, give up, insist on, allow, feel like, escape, admit等动词(短语)后通常接动词­ing形式作宾语。 单句语法填空 1. Wild camping is illegal in England. To avoid ______________ (catch), the Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning. 2. Young people may risk ________ (go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day. 【答案】1. being caught 2. going 分类3： 既能接动词不定式也能接动词­ing形式且意义不同的动词(短语) continue to do 继续做另外一件事/ continue doing 继续做同一件事 try to do 努力做某事/ try doing 尝试做某事 forget to do 忘记去做某事/ forget doing 忘记做过某事 remember to do 记得去做某事/ remember doing 记得做过某事 regret to do 遗憾去做某事/ regret doing 后悔做过某事 mean to do 打算做某事/ mean doing 意味着做某事 can’t help to do 不能帮忙做某事/ can’t help doing 忍不住做某事 单句语法填空 1. I still remember ________ (take) to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. 2. Please remember ________________(give) my best regards to your family. 【答案】1. being taken 2. to give 分类4： 动词不定式与动词­ing形式作宾语的其他用法 在need, require, want(表“需要”)等动词的后面可接动词­ing形式作宾语(用主动形式表示被动含义)，也可接动词不定式的被动式作宾语。即：need/require/want doing = need/require/want to be done 外研版选择性必修一 Unit 3　 感知语法规律 1．Predicting the future can be difficult. 2．Cloning plants is straight forward but the cloning of animals is more complicated. 3．Traveling in space by ordinary citizens will be common. 4．Playing computer games is my favourite. 四句中所有画线部分均为动词­ing形式，在句中都是作主语。 动词的-ing形式主语 意义及位置 1.动词­ing作主语放在句首，通常表示一般性的、习惯性的动作或状态，且作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式。 2.it作形式主语，将真正作主语的动词-ing或动词不定式to do后置。 It’s a waste of time playing video games every day. It’s beneficial to do some exercise regularly in the morning. 形式： 肯定：主动：doing → 被动：being done 否定：主动：not doing → 被动：not being done Being praised by his teachers made him regain the confidence. 被老师表扬使他重获自信。 Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. 不给予足够的赞扬和给予太多一样有害。 外研版选择性必修一 Unit 4 感知语法规律 1．My goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality. 2．Its purpose is to involve visitors in physical exercise and athletic competition. 3．Her first delight was going to the Tower. 4．What you said is really inspiring. 5．He's really amusing and tells jokes when he thinks we're getting bored. 6．Although the cities were crowded, the country was beautiful. 1．所有画线部分在句中都作表语； 2．to provide, to involve 是不定式作表语； 3．going to the Tower, amusing, getting是动词­ing作表语； 4．bored, crowded是动词­ed作表语。 动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式表语 动词不定式作表语 动词不定式作表语，可以说明主语的具体内容，还可以表示目的、结果、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿等，其主语通常为aim, duty, hope, idea, job, plan, problem, purpose, wish等名词，或是what引导的名词性从句。不定式作表语时，主语和表语有时可以交换位置，其意思不变。 省略to的情况：动词不定式作表语时，一般情况下不定式符号to不能省略，但当主语部分含有从句且从句谓语部分有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式符号to可保留也可省略。 All we need to do is (to) live each day with passion. 我们需要做的就是充满激情地过好每一天。 Don't worry. What you need to do is (to) have a good sleep. 别担心，你需要做的就是好好睡一觉。 单句语法填空 1. Always keep in mind that your main task is ________ (get) this company running smoothly. 2. The aim of the designer is ________ (create) solutions to problems through the most efficient means. 【答案】1. to get 2. to create 动词-ing作表语 动名词(短语)作表语：作表语的动名词(短语)所体现的是名词的特性，用于对主语的内容进行解释说明，往往表示主语所具有的特征且主语和表语可以换位。 What I am tired of is waiting here alone. (＝Waiting here alone is what I am tired of.) My job is teaching you English. (＝Teaching you English is my job.) 现在分词(短语)作表语：作表语的现在分词(短语)是形容词性的，表示主语的性质或特征，主语和表语不可换位。 The result of the accident is shocking. 这一事故的后果令人震惊。 The argument is very convincing. 这一论据很有说服力。 动名词(短语)作表语与动词不定式(短语)作表语的区别： 动名词(短语)作表语表示一般性的动作；动词不定式(短语)作表语表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事。 His hobby is painting. 他的爱好是画画。(一般性的动作) Today what he wants to do is (to) paint. 今天他想要做的事是画画。(具体的动作) His wish is to become an artist. 他的愿望是成为一名艺术家。(将要发生的事) 动词-ed作表语 动词­ed可放在系动词be, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表语，往往表示主语所处的状态或状况。作表语的动词­ed可用very, quite, much等修饰。 The door remained locked. 门仍然锁着。 I'm very interested in your story. 我对你的故事很感兴趣。 某些表示情感、情绪的动词­ed，如：terrified, surprised, astonished, excited, disappointed, moved, shocked, interested, discouraged, amused, frightened, inspired, pleased, satisfied, tired, worried等作表语时，已具有形容词的性质，其主语通常是人。 He seemed quite delighted at the news. 听到这个消息他似乎很高兴。 I am very pleased with the result of the experiment. 我对这个实验结果很满意。 动词­ed作表语和动词的被动语态的区别：动词­ed作表语表示的是一种状态或情况，而被动语态表示的是一个动作，被动意味很强。 The glass is broken. 玻璃杯碎了。（状态） The glass was broken by him. 玻璃杯被他打碎了。（动作） 动词­ed与现在分词作表语的区别：英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词意为“令人……的”，多用来修饰物；其动词­ed意为“感到……的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。常见的这类词有： exciting 令人激动的 excited 激动的，兴奋的 surprising 令人吃惊的 surprised 惊讶的 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失望的 encouraging 振奋人心的 encouraged 受到鼓舞的 frightening 令人害怕的 frightened 害怕的 interesting 有趣的 interested 感兴趣的 单句语法填空 1. I was ________ (delight) at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. 2. Students who take a well­planned year out are more likely to be ________ (satisfy) with, and complete, their chosen course. 【答案】1. delighted 2. satisfied 巩固练习： 单句填空A组 1.The project won a prize at China Thinks Big, a competition __________(hold) by Harvard and Tsinghua University to encourage teenagers to explore important global issues and focus on solutions. 2.Cygnus arrived at the International Space Station on February 21,2022,________（carry）a large load of supplies and scientific experiments. 3.Although I had money and a place ____________(sleep),I recognized that I needed help too. 4.It didn't take long for us__________(realize) the full depth of her suffering. 5.During the Qin Dynasty,to keep the enemy out of his empire,Qin Shi Huang had all the walls_________ (join)up. 6.First_____________ (create) by the U.S.agriculturalist Sterling Morton in 1872,Tree-planting Day was set in order to inspire people's passions for planting and protecting trees. 7.I was walking alone on the beach when I heard someone ___________(call)out for help. 8._____________(build) over 2,200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering achievement is still being used today. 9.After a few years, the caves were opened as a tourist attraction, and 1,200 people per day came to the site__________(admire) the paintings. 10.Happiness is a flower ___________(live) in the sunshine, and it is not difficult to reach for it. 单句填空B组 1.I feel it our responsibility__________(communicate)about the charm of the primitive inscriptions with the younger generations and foreigners. 2.The research,which was published in the journal Science of the Total Environment last week, is the first study_____________(identify) the plastics in the lungs of living people. 3.Senior Colonel Wang Yaping, the first female Chinese space walker, said that she was very happy__________(return) to the motherland and wanted to tell her little daughter that her mom had returned after reaching for the stars. 4.Problems keep____________(range) from the lack of doctors to the increase of medical expenses. 5.TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) is about ____________(restore) the balance between yin and yang forces in patients. 6.To really appreciate and understand another language,you need__________ (understand) its culture and philosophy. 7.With less people____________(choose) to make sugar paintings, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have become a distant memory in some ways. 8.__________(see) their aimless daughter every day,they are very disappointed. 9. At the entrance to a Chinese garden, there is usually a huge stone or a high wall __________(use)to screen your view. 10.___________(tell)many times, he finally understood it. 解析： 单句填空A组 1．held 句意为：该项目在哈佛大学和清华大学举办的“中国大智汇创新研究挑战赛”中获奖，该竞赛旨在鼓励青少年探索重要的全球问题并专注于解决方案。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰a competition，且a competition 和hold之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词，故填held。 2．carrying 句意为：2022年2月21日，“天鹅座”货运飞船运载着大量补给品和科学实验用品抵达国际空间站。句子中arrived为谓语动词，carry在句中应用非谓语动词形式，其与逻辑主语Cygnus构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填carrying。 3．to sleep 句意为：虽然我有钱，有地方睡觉，但我意识到我也需要帮助。分析句子结构可知，在Although引导的让步状语从句中，谓语是had，设空处需要用非谓语动词形式，place后常用不定式作后置定语。故填to sleep。 4．to realize 句意为：没过多久，我们就认识到她饱受的苦难。分析句子结构可知，It是形式主语，此处应用不定式作真正的主语。It takes／took some time for sb，to do sth.意为“做某事花费某人多少时间”。故填to realize。 5．joined 句意为：在秦朝，秦始皇（命人）把所有的城墙连接起来，以御敌于他的帝国之外。宾语 all the walls 和join之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词作宾语补足语。此处是have sth.done 结构，意为“计／使人做某事”。故填joined。 6．created 句意为：植树节最早由美国农学家斯特林·莫顿于1872年提出，旨在激发人们种树和保护树木的热情。分析句子成分可知，was set在句中作谓语，create需要用非谓语动词形式。create与其逻辑主语 Tree-planting Day之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语。故填created。 7．calling 句意为：我一个人在海滩上走着，突然听到有人喊救命。hear sb.doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“听见某人正在做某事”，故填calling。 8．Built 句意为：在如今中国西南部的四川省，2,200多年前建造的这项惊人的工程仍在使用。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语 this amazing engineering achievement 之间为被动关系；且根据时间状语 over 2,200 years ago 可知，动作已发生，故用过去分词形式。故填Built。 9．to admire 句意为：几年后，这些洞穴作为旅游景点被开放，每天有1,200人来这个景点欣赏这些画。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填 to admire。 10．living 句意为：幸福是一朵开在阳光下的花，它并非难以触及。分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词is，设空处应用非谓语动词形式，且flower与live之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填living。 单句填空B组 1．to communicate 句意为；我觉得我们有责任向年轻一代和外国人传递原始碑文的魅力。it为形式宾语，feel的真正的宾语是不定式短语 to communicate...foreigners，故填to communicate。 2．to identify 句意为：上周发表在《全环境科学》杂志上的这项研究是第一项发现活人肺部中有塑料的研究。此处是“the＋序数词+n.+to do”结构，设空处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰study. 3．to return 句意为：中国女性太空行走者第一人--王亚平大校说，她很高兴能回到祖国，并想告诉她的小女儿，摘星星的妈妈回来了。be happy to do sth.意为“很高兴做某事”，故填to return。 4．ranging 句意为：从医生的缺乏到医疗费用的增加，问题一直在（这两者之间）变动。keep doing sth.意为“一直做某事”，为固定短语。故填ranging。 5．restoring 句意为：中医是关于恢复患者的阴阳之间的平衡的。根据空前的介词about并结合句意可知，此处用动名词restoring作宾语。故填restoring。 6．to understand 句意为：为了真正欣赏和理解另一种语言，你需要了解它的文化和哲学。设空处在句中作need 的宾语，need to do sth.意为“需要做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to understand。 7．choosing 句意为：随着越来越少的人选择制作糖画，这个中国传统的民间手艺在某种程度上可能已经成为一种遥远的记忆了。本句涉及“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，people与choose之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填choosing。 8．Seeing 句意为：每天看到毫无斗志的女儿，他们感到很失望。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语为are，设空处应用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语they和see之间是主动关系，且设空处表示的动作与谓语表示的动作几乎同时发生，所以用现在分词的一般式作原因状语。故填Seeing。9．used 句意为：在一个中式庭院的入口处，通常有一块巨大的石头或一面高墙用来遮挡你的视线。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词形式，石头和墙是被用来遮挡视线的，use和a huge stone or a high wall之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定定语，故填used 10．Having been told 句意为：已经被告知好多次后，他最终理解了它。分析句子结构可知：understood是谓语动词，设空处应用非谓语作状语。Tell 和其逻辑主语he之间是被动关系，且“告知“先于”理修”发生，应用现在分词的完成式的被动语态；该空置于句首，首字母应大写，故填Having been told。 动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作表语 动词不定式作表语 通常情况 动词-ing作表语 动名词(短语)作表语 现在分词(短语)作表语 动词-ed作表语 系动词后 表示情感、情绪的动词 省略to的情况 两者区别 动词­ed作表语和动词的被动语态的区别 动词­ed与现在分词作表语的区别 动词的-ing 作主语 位置 句首 it作形式主语 形式 肯定 主动：doing 被动：being done 否定 主动：not doing 被动：not being done 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$