精品解析：山东省济南市2024～2025学年高三上学期开学英语试题

2024—2025 学年高中三年级摸底考试 英 语 试 题 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5 小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman do on Sunday? A. Meet a friend. B. Have a family meal. C. Move into a new house. 2. Why was the woman angry? A. She couldn’t find the man. B. She forgot to visit the man. C. She had missed a meeting. 3. When will the man have a vacation? A. In July. B. In August. C. In a week. 4. What is the woman’s suggestion? A. Waiting for promotion. B. Working elsewhere. C. Holding the job. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Sales person and customer. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分 22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What is a difference between Chinese tea and the tea in. the UK? A. The color. B. The function. C. The way of drinking. 7. Which tea does the woman like best? A. Oolong. B. Longjing. C. Pu’ er. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. Why is the woman going to Chicago? A. To work as a judge. B. To attend a car show. C. To visit an exhibition. 9. What insurance does the woman want this time? A. Animal insurance. B. Car insurance. C. Flight insurance, 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第13 四个小题。 10. Where does the conversation take place? A. On a bridge. B. On a river. C. On a hill. 11. What can we know about the Chai n Bridge? A. It crosses the river Danube. B. It was built in the 18th century. C. It stands beside the Parliament. 12. Which place does Margaret Bridge lead to? A. A palace. B. An island. C. A castle. 13. What will be the first stop of the speakers? A. The President’s Palace. B. The National Library. C. The Royal Castle. 听下面一段对话，回答第14 至第17四个小题。 14 What of the“ Terminator” series impressed the man most? A. The special effects. B. The story line. C. The action. 15. What do the“ Terminator” series and the“ Star War” series have in common? A. They are of the sci- fi. B. They have no follow- ups. C. They follow a time order. 16. What can we learn about Neil Diamond? A. He is a movie director. B. He is a story writer. C. He is a singer. 17. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Famous film stars. B. Their favorite movies. C. A story of a sea bird. 听下面一段独白，回答第18 至第 20 三个小题。 18. Which program was introduced in 2000? A Family cycling holidays. B. Cycling equipment sales. C. Mountain cycling courses. 19. What is the most favored in the kids program? A. The first- aid course. B. The campfire event. C. The bicycle repairs training. 20. In which condition can a customer get a discount from the company? A. Subscribing to its newsletter. B. Being introduced into its membership. C. Attending as many programs as possible. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Student Photographic Competition The 2024 competition is open to students attending Australian primary or secondary schools or colleges. It provides an excellent opportunity for students to become aware of the value and beauty of the Australian National Botanic Gardens (ANBG). By exercising their photographic skills, students can share that beauty with other visitors. All entries must be digital photographs taken in the ANBG between 30 August 2023 and 30 August 2024, featuring some aspect of the Gardens such as plants, wildlife or scenery. For full information about the competition and its conditions and categories, download the information sheets for secondary schools & colleges and for primary schools. Enter online at www .friendsanbg.org.au /schoolscomp 2024. Entries must be received bytheorganisersbefore5pmonFriday30August2024.Toavoiddelaysandcongestion (拥塞), submit your entry as early as possible. Download the competition poster and share it with your other friends and networks. This poster features prize- winning photographs from previous years’ competitions. Cash prizes will be awarded: Award to student Award to school or college First Prize $250 $200 Second Prize $150 $100 Third Prize / / Certificates will also be presented to all winners. Prize winners’ schools will be awarded celebratory native plants, too. Prize- winning entries will be on display in the Banksia Garden of the ANBG from Saturday 28 September to Sunday 27 October 2024. The selected photographs will be exhibited at A3 size. Presentation of prizes will be at 12 noon, Saturday28 September 2024. For’ further information please email: schoolphoto@friendsanbg.org.au 1. What is the purpose of the competition? A. To raise money for the ANBG. B. To offer photographic training. C. To attract professional photographers. D. To enhance appreciation of the ANBG. 2. What is a requirement for the entries? A. They must be shot in the ANBG. B. They should be printed at A3 size. C. They should be submitted by postal mail. D. They must be taken before 30 August, 2024. 3. What will each prize winner get? A. Some cash. B. A certificate. C. Some native plants. D. A competition poster. B The red-crowned crane (丹顶鹤) is a national first-class protected wildlife. However, due to environmental and ecological damage, the number of red-crowned cranes had been dangerously declining when Zhao Shiwei joined the Zhaoquan River Management Station in1992. Artificial breeding (繁殖) of red-crowned cranes became an important part of Zhao’s work. 3 red-crowned crane birds hatched at the station through his artificial program in 1996. But despite tasting success, Zhao and his team encountered hardships the following year. In1997, not a single red-crowned crane bird hatched. And in 1998, only one red-crowned crane chick hatched through artificial breeding, but it died soon after. In 1999, the station rescued 7 injured red-crowned cranes from the wild, which brought a crucial ray of hope for the program. That drove Zhao and his colleagues to check temperature control devices, go through a huge amount of data, and seek advice from experts, hoping to achieve a breakthrough in artificial breeding. They tried every possible method, even consulting technicians from nearby chicken farms. Finally, the artificial breeding program improved a lot. Later, a record of 85 red-crowned crane birds hatched at the station through a combination of artificial and natural breeding methods. Over the past 30 years, Zhao has always been personally involved in the hatching process. “This part is the most crucial; there cannot be the slightest error,” he said. Later, Zhao realized that with the number of artificially bred red-crowned cranes increasing, the bond between the cranes and humans was growing stronger. “But they are the spirits of nature and hence should return to nature,” Zhao said. Therefore, Zhao provided outdoor training to artificially bred red-crowned cranes in the reserve in order to increase the number of wild red- crowned cranes. Up to now, Zhao and his team have bred and released more than 200 red-crowned cranes after ensuring they will be able to survive in nature. 4. What does the author imply about the red-crowned cranes in the first two paragraphs? A. They face the danger of extinction. B. They top all other wildlife in value. C. Their artificial breeding started in 1992. D. Their number stopped declining in 1996. 5. What was the turning point in the artificial breeding program? A. Rescuing 7 wild cranes. B. Hiring some wildlife experts. C. Raising sufficient funds. D. Purchasing advanced devices. 6. Why did Zhao train cranes outdoors? A. To give tourists chances to admire cranes. B. To improve cranes’ survival skills in the wild. C. To increase the number of artificially-bred cranes. D. To strengthen the bond between cranes and humans. 7. What can we learn from Zhao’s work? A Practice makes perfect. B. Well begun is half done. C. Continuous efforts pay off. D. Opportunities lie in preparation. C Imagine a child asking a chatbot or voice assistant if Santa Claus is real. How should the AI respond, given that some families would prefer a lie over the truth? This is a dilemma in the little-studied area of robots deception (欺骗). Two Georgia Tech researchers, Kantwon Rogers and Reiden Webber, designed a driving simulation (模拟) experiment to investigate how intentional robot deception affects trust between humans and AI, and whether different types of apologies can help repair that trust. In the simulation, participants were instructed to drive a“ robot-assisted car” to the hospital to save a friend’s life, while the AI assistant falsely warned of police ahead, advising participants to stay under the speed limit. Upon reaching the hospital, participants were informed that there were no police, and they received one of five different text-based responses from the robot — three admitting the lie, two offering a simple apology without admission. The study aimed to determine which type of apology was most effective in repairing trust after a robot’s lie. The results of the experiment were surprising. 45% of the participants did not speed, because they believed the robot knew more about the situation than they did, revealing an overly trusting attitude toward AI. The results also indicated that while none of the apology types fully recovered trust, the apology with no admission of lying was statistically more effective in repairing trust than other responses. The researchers’ final goal is to create a robot system that can learn when and how to lie or apologize during human-AI interactions. But they acknowledge that this is a complex issue. “We still know very little about AI deception, but we do know that lying is not always bad, and telling the truth isn’t always good,” Rogers said.“ So how can we make laws that support new ideas without harming them, while also keeping people safe?” 8. What is the aim of the experiment? A. To assess AI’s intentional responses. B. To examine AI’s learning capabilities. C. To evaluate AI’s assistance on driving. D. To study AI deception’s impact on trust. 9. Which response from AI is the most effective in repairing trust in the experiment? A. “I am sorry.” B. “I lied to you.” C. “You’ re at your destination.” D. “Forgive me for my fault.” 10. What might Rogers advise AI law makers to do? A. Balance innovation and users’ safety. B. Prioritize protection of users’ privacy. C. Promote moral behavior in AI systems. D. Enforce clearer and stricter regulations. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The human-AI confidence crisis B. A dilemma in human honesty C. Is a robot system promising? D. AI deception: bad or not? D Are you an open book, your face broadcasting every passing emotion, or more of a poker face, not showing what you are feeling? Scientists at Nottingham Trent University say that wearing your heart on your face, could actually give you a significant social advantage. The study, led by Eithne Kavanagh, a research fellow at NTU’s School of Social Sciences, involving over 1,300 participants, noticed striking variations in how much people moved their faces during conversations. Importantly, this expressiveness emerged as a stable individual quality. People displayed similar levels of facial expressiveness across different contexts, with different social partners, and even over time periods up to four months. The researchers say that facial expressiveness is linked to personality, with more agreeable individuals displaying more lively faces. Facial expressiveness can also translate into concrete social benefits. In a negotiation task, more expressive individuals are more likely to secure a larger slice of a reward. The researchers suggest that for agreeable folks, dynamic facial expressions may serve as a tool for building good relationship and smoothing over conflicts. Across the board, the results point to facial expressiveness serving an“ affiliative (亲和) function,” or a social glue that develops liking and smoother interactions. Expressiveness is also linked to being seen as more “readable,” suggesting that a lively face makes one’s intentions and mental states easier for others to decipher. Beyond frequency of facial movements, people who employ facial expressions more strategically to suit social goals, such as looking friendly in a greeting, are also more well- liked. The findings challenge the “poker face” common belief that a still and unemotional appearance is always most advantageous. Instead, they suggest that for most people, allowing one’s face to mirror inner states and intentions can invite warmer reactions. As the researchers conclude, “Being facially expressive is socially advantageous.” So, the next time you catch yourself making lines on your forehead, or flashing a smile, know that your face just might be working overtime on your behalf. 12. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning the study? A. Its impact. B. Its findings. C. Its limitations. D. Its significance. 13. What may facial expressiveness serve as in negotiation settings? A. A way to frighten competitors. B. A method to hide personalities. C. A tool to show personal quality. D. A strategy to settle disagreement. 14. What does the underlined word “decipher” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Copy. B. Overlook. C. Remember D. Interpret. 15. What may the author advise based on the findings of the study? A. Always wearing a still face. B. Learning to be an open book. C. Speaking out inner emotions. D. Forcing a smile through tears. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Children experience the joy and wonder of new experiences almost daily. However, for many adults, these emotions get lost in the day to day repetition of everyday life and routine. ___16___ Trying new things is good for our brain. It helps us think more creatively and enhances confidence. It also helps us destress in that a new experience can help break harmful or negative routines. ___17___ We will consider things from new and different perspectives. It is obvious that trying new things is good for our mental health. ___18___ Participating in new physical activities can improve our physical fitness, boost our energy levels, and enhance our overall health. For example, trying a new sport or exercise routine can increase our flexibility and strength. Having new experiences can also have a positive impact on our social lives. ___19___. When we step out of our comfort zones and engage in new activities, we· meet people with different backgrounds and perspectives, which can broaden our horizons and enrich our lives. Building new relationships can provide us with a sense of belonging. Still, it can be scary to break routine and try something totally different. ___20___ Start small by breaking a goal into smaller steps. And be very specific about the goal. For example, instead of aiming to work on arm strength, make a goal of doing twenty arm curls (弯曲) a day. In addition, be realistic and make sure the goal î s practicable in terms of finances and free time. While it is easy to get caught up in the daily tiring activities of life, always keep in mind that doing something new can be the best thing we can do for ourselves. So we’d better make the wise choice. A. However, it is also good for our body. B. It can help us expand our social connections. C. Luckily there are practical tips to make a change. D. New experiences are critical for overcoming fears. E. Doing something new also promotes flexible thinking. F Every new experience contributes to our personal growth. G. And yet, new experiences are vital for our overall wellbeing. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mr. Dalton taught us plane geometry (平面几何) 37 years ago. I was a quiet kid. I neither got in much trouble nor got ___21___. Somehow, plane geometry really ___22___ for me in his class. Toward the end of the year, Mr. Dalton wanted to ___23___ our knowledge and gave us a 25-question true/false nationally standardized test. The test presented each problem with a conclusion shown. We were required to ___24___ the result using our theorems (定理). I completed 24 problems quickly, but number seventeen was a ___25___! I spent thirty minutes on that proof and ___26___ I made it with all my efforts. ___27___, I marked the question true and handed in the test. When the results came back the next day, my score was a 96, and number seventeen was ___28___ wrong! When Mr. Dalton asked if there were any questions, for the first time, my hand ___29___. Instead of ____30____ that this was a nationally standardized test and there, couldn’t be anything wrong with the answers, Mr. Dalton did the most powerful thing. I’ve ever seen a teacher do: he held out the ____31____ to me with an encouraging smile on his face. I went to the board for the first time and ____32____ my proof, using the whole board and three different colors of chalk. In the end, everyone clapped. Mr. Dalton gave ____33____ for my answer on number seventeen, and I ended up with a grade of 104. What I experienced that day has ____34____ me well. I have been ____35____ to Mr. Dalton for empowering me to speak up as long as I think I’m right. 21. A. caught B. tired C. confused D. noticed 22. A. clicked B. appeared C. faded D. existed 23. A. expand B. check C. update D. improve 24. A. classify B. identify C. prove D. obtain 25. A. mystery B. purpose C. challenge D. comfort 26. A. immediately B. eventually C. gradually D. consistently 27. A. Encouraged B. Embarrassed C. Depressed D. Satisfied 28. A. assumed B. indicated C. marked D. approved 29. A. shot up B. reached out C. waved about D. drew back 30. A. suspecting B. arguing C. discussing D. admitting 31. A. board B. chalk C. paper D. book 32. A. understood B. explored C. reflected D. demonstrated 33. A. credit B. cause C. account D. evaluation 34. A. known B. suited C. served D. made 35. A. polite B. true C. open D. grateful 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5分,满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For rail travelers awaiting departure, it is a common practice to have a meal at a restaurant within the station. The intelligent restaurant at Jinan Railway Station in Shandong Province ___36___ (bring) a brand-new change to this experience in the past two years for travelers. ___37___ traditional restaurants, the Gaotiexia intelligent restaurant operates without human servers or ___38___ (chef), relying entirely on robotic equipment for its functions. “We have employed six automatic cooking devices, which promise a dish delivery time of just five minutes from the moment of ordering to ___39___ it arrives at the customer’s table,” states Ren Guotao, the person in charge of the restaurant. These advanced devices are capable of preparing 18 different dishes ___40___ (satisfy) the appetite of customers from diverse regions. The entire preparation process is sped up, with everything ready for customers minutes after they complete the payment. For passengers in a hurry, the cooking devices can even make a delicious bowl of beef noodles within ___41___ duration of mere 48 seconds, fully displaying their high efficiency. The restaurant is also fitted with a smart machine ___42___ serves up coffee, milk, and ice cream. The ___43___ (integrate) of cutting-edge technology in the Gaotiexia intelligent restaurant enhances the convenience and hygiene (卫生) for travelers, ___44___ (offer) them a novel and efficient way to enjoy a meal while waiting for their train. As such, it has become a ____45____ (prefer) dining destination for many rail travelers passing through Jinan Railway Station. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40 分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，在暑假参与了一次社区志愿者服务活动。请你给英国朋友 Frank写封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： 1. 你做的工作； 2. 你的收获。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Frank, I hope this letter finds you well. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 第二节 (满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My love for dance began when I was very young and I would dream to be a star dancer from time to time. With the drama festival approaching the school’s drama club had released a notice for the dancer audition (试镜) for The Twelve Dancing Princesses. And of course I was the first one to sign up. As I left the stage after my audition at school, I could feel it. The power. The future. I knew that someday when dancers’ magazines wrote about me, they would say this moment was when my rise to a star began. My ballet slippers hurt my feet, but I figured that was helpful. In The Twelve Dancing Princesses, the princesses danced all night so they probably had foot pain, too. My performance was more genuine because of my pain. I needed to show my devotion even when I wasn’t on stage, so I approached Mr. Ellison, the drama club advisor. He told me that casting (角色分配) will be posted tomorrow.“ Thank you, sir,” I said, using the almost British pronunciation of Hollywood stars in the 1940s. I was so sure that Mr. Ellison would cast me as a princess. The next morning, I went to read the cast list. The twelve princesses were first, by number. I scanned from One to Twelve, but none by me. At the bottom of the casting list, my name finally appeared. My role was a really small one, an old woman who helped a soldier, not one of the princesses! I was desperately disappointed. Mr. Ellison must have made a mistake! No one else in the school had my skills or preparation!. I found him in his classroom, but he insisted there was no mistake and emphasized that every role in a play was important. Unable to accept the fact, I burst into tears. Mr. Ellison managed to calm me down and encouraged me to have a try in the rehearsal (排练). 注意：1. 续写词数应为 150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next day, I dragged myself to the rehearsal. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, the great day arrived and “the old woman” couldn’t wait to get on stage. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024—2025 学年高中三年级摸底考试 英 语 试 题 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5 小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman do on Sunday? A. Meet a friend. B. Have a family meal. C. Move into a new house. 2. Why was the woman angry? A. She couldn’t find the man. B. She forgot to visit the man. C. She had missed a meeting. 3 When will the man have a vacation? A. In July. B. In August. C. In a week. 4. What is the woman’s suggestion? A. Waiting for promotion. B. Working elsewhere. C. Holding the job. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Sales person and customer. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分 22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What is a difference between Chinese tea and the tea in. the UK? A. The color. B. The function. C. The way of drinking. 7. Which tea does the woman like best? A. Oolong. B. Longjing. C. Pu’ er. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. Why is the woman going to Chicago? A. To work as a judge. B. To attend a car show. C. To visit an exhibition. 9. What insurance does the woman want this time? A. Animal insurance. B. Car insurance. C. Flight insurance, 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第13 四个小题。 10. Where does the conversation take place? A. On a bridge. B. On a river. C. On a hill. 11. What can we know about the Chai n Bridge? A. It crosses the river Danube. B. It was built in the 18th century. C. It stands beside the Parliament. 12. Which place does Margaret Bridge lead to? A. A palace. B. An island. C. A castle. 13. What will be the first stop of the speakers? A. The President’s Palace. B. The National Library. C. The Royal Castle. 听下面一段对话，回答第14 至第17四个小题。 14. What of the“ Terminator” series impressed the man most? A. The special effects. B. The story line. C. The action. 15. What do the“ Terminator” series and the“ Star War” series have in common? A. They are of the sci- fi. B. They have no follow- ups. C. They follow a time order. 16. What can we learn about Neil Diamond? A. He is a movie director. B. He is a story writer. C. He is a singer. 17. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Famous film stars. B. Their favorite movies. C. A story of a sea bird. 听下面一段独白，回答第18 至第 20 三个小题。 18. Which program was introduced in 2000? A. Family cycling holidays. B. Cycling equipment sales. C. Mountain cycling courses. 19. What is the most favored in the kids program? A. The first- aid course. B. The campfire event. C. The bicycle repairs training. 20. In which condition can a customer get a discount from the company? A. Subscribing to its newsletter. B Being introduced into its membership. C. Attending as many programs as possible. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Student Photographic Competition The 2024 competition is open to students attending Australian primary or secondary schools or colleges. It provides an excellent opportunity for students to become aware of the value and beauty of the Australian National Botanic Gardens (ANBG). By exercising their photographic skills, students can share that beauty with other visitors. All entries must be digital photographs taken in the ANBG between 30 August 2023 and 30 August 2024, featuring some aspect of the Gardens such as plants, wildlife or scenery. For full information about the competition and its conditions and categories, download the information sheets for secondary schools & colleges and for primary schools. Enter online at www .friendsanbg.org.au /schoolscomp 2024. Entries must be received bytheorganisersbefore5pmonFriday30August2024.Toavoiddelaysandcongestion (拥塞), submit your entry as early as possible. Download the competition poster and share it with your other friends and networks. This poster features prize- winning photographs from previous years’ competitions. Cash prizes will be awarded: Award to student Award to school or college First Prize $250 $200 Second Prize $150 $100 Third Prize / / Certificates will also be presented to all winners. Prize winners’ schools will be awarded celebratory native plants, too. Prize- winning entries will be on display in the Banksia Garden of the ANBG from Saturday 28 September to Sunday 27 October 2024. The selected photographs will be exhibited at A3 size. Presentation of prizes will be at 12 noon, Saturday28 September 2024. For’ further information please email: schoolphoto@friendsanbg.org.au 1. What is the purpose of the competition? A. To raise money for the ANBG. B. To offer photographic training. C. To attract professional photographers. D. To enhance appreciation of the ANBG. 2. What is a requirement for the entries? A. They must be shot in the ANBG. B. They should be printed at A3 size. C. They should be submitted by postal mail. D. They must be taken before 30 August 2024. 3. What will each prize winner get? A. Some cash. B. A certificate. C. Some native plants. D. A competition poster. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚举办的学生摄影比赛相关信息，包括参赛对象、参赛作品要求、比赛奖项设置等。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The 2024 competition is open to students attending Australian primary or secondary schools or colleges. It provides an excellent opportunity for students to become aware of the value and beauty of the Australian National Botanic Gardens (ANBG). By exercising their photographic skills, students can share that beauty with other visitors.(2024年的比赛面向澳大利亚中小学或大学的学生开放。它为学生提供了一个绝佳的机会，让他们了解澳大利亚国家植物园(ANBG)的价值和美丽。通过锻炼他们的摄影技巧，学生可以与其他游客分享这种美。)”可知，比赛为学生提供了一个了解澳大利亚国家植物园价值和美景的绝佳机会，通过运用摄影技巧，学生可以与其他游客分享这种美，所以比赛的目的是增强人们对澳大利亚国家植物园的欣赏。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“All entries must be digital photographs taken in the ANBG between 30 August 2023 and 30 August 2024 (所有参赛作品必须是2023年8月30日至2024年8月30日期间在澳大利亚国家植物园拍摄的数码照片)”可知，所有参赛作品必须是在澳大利亚国家植物园拍摄的数码照片。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Certificates will also be presented to all winners. (得奖者亦会获颁发证书)”可知，每个获奖者都会获得一张证书。故选B。 B The red-crowned crane (丹顶鹤) is a national first-class protected wildlife. However, due to environmental and ecological damage, the number of red-crowned cranes had been dangerously declining when Zhao Shiwei joined the Zhaoquan River Management Station in1992. Artificial breeding (繁殖) of red-crowned cranes became an important part of Zhao’s work. 3 red-crowned crane birds hatched at the station through his artificial program in 1996. But despite tasting success, Zhao and his team encountered hardships the following year. In1997, not a single red-crowned crane bird hatched. And in 1998, only one red-crowned crane chick hatched through artificial breeding, but it died soon after. In 1999, the station rescued 7 injured red-crowned cranes from the wild, which brought a crucial ray of hope for the program. That drove Zhao and his colleagues to check temperature control devices, go through a huge amount of data, and seek advice from experts, hoping to achieve a breakthrough in artificial breeding. They tried every possible method, even consulting technicians from nearby chicken farms. Finally, the artificial breeding program improved a lot. Later, a record of 85 red-crowned crane birds hatched at the station through a combination of artificial and natural breeding methods. Over the past 30 years, Zhao has always been personally involved in the hatching process. “This part is the most crucial; there cannot be the slightest error,” he said. Later, Zhao realized that with the number of artificially bred red-crowned cranes increasing, the bond between the cranes and humans was growing stronger. “But they are the spirits of nature and hence should return to nature,” Zhao said. Therefore, Zhao provided outdoor training to artificially bred red-crowned cranes in the reserve in order to increase the number of wild red- crowned cranes. Up to now, Zhao and his team have bred and released more than 200 red-crowned cranes after ensuring they will be able to survive in nature. 4. What does the author imply about the red-crowned cranes in the first two paragraphs? A. They face the danger of extinction. B. They top all other wildlife in value. C. Their artificial breeding started in 1992. D. Their number stopped declining in 1996. 5. What was the turning point in the artificial breeding program? A. Rescuing 7 wild cranes. B. Hiring some wildlife experts. C. Raising sufficient funds. D. Purchasing advanced devices. 6. Why did Zhao train cranes outdoors? A. To give tourists chances to admire cranes. B. To improve cranes’ survival skills in the wild. C. To increase the number of artificially-bred cranes. D. To strengthen the bond between cranes and humans. 7. What can we learn from Zhao’s work? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Well begun is half done. C. Continuous efforts pay off. D. Opportunities lie in preparation. 【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了赵世伟通过人工繁殖的方式拯救濒危野生动物丹顶鹤的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“However, due to environmental and ecological damage, the number of red-crowned cranes had been dangerously declining when Zhao Shiwei joined the Zhaoquan River Management Station in1992.(然而，由于环境和生态的破坏，1992年赵世伟加入赵泉河管理站时，丹顶鹤的数量已经危险地下降了)”和第二段中“But despite tasting success, Zhao and his team encountered hardships the following year. In 1997, not a single red-crowned crane bird hatched. And in 1998, only one red-crowned crane chick hatched through artificial breeding, but it died soon after. (但是尽管尝到了成功的滋味，赵和他的团队在第二年遭遇了困难。1997 年，没有一只丹顶鹤孵化出来。1998 年，只有一只丹顶鹤雏鸟通过人工繁殖孵化出来，但不久后就死了)”可知，丹顶鹤数量的下降已经到了危险的地步，同时赵世伟的人工繁殖也面临困难，由此可推断出，作者在前两段暗示丹顶鹤面临灭绝的危险。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“In 1999, the station rescued 7 injured red-crowned cranes from the wild, which brought a crucial ray of hope for the program. (1999 年，该站从野外救助了 7 只受伤的丹顶鹤，这给该项目带来了至关重要的一线希望)”可知，人工繁殖计划的转折点是救出了7只野生丹顶鹤。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Later, Zhao realized that with the number of artificially bred red-crowned cranes increasing, the bond between the cranes and humans was growing stronger. ‘But they are the spirits of nature and hence should return to nature,’ Zhao said. Therefore, Zhao provided outdoor training to artificially bred red-crowned cranes in the reserve in order to increase the number of wild red- crowned cranes.(后来，赵意识到随着人工繁殖丹顶鹤数量增加，鹤和人类之间的联系越来越强。‘但它们是自然的灵魂，因此应该回归自然，’赵说。因此，赵为保护区内的人工繁殖丹顶鹤提供户外训练，以增加野生丹顶鹤的数量)”可知，赵世伟意识到丹顶鹤应该回归自然。由此推知，在户外训练丹顶鹤是为了提高它们在野外的生存技能，以增加野生丹顶鹤的数量。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Over the past 30 years, Zhao has always been personally involved in the hatching process. ‘This part is the most crucial; there cannot be the slightest error,’ he said.(在过去 30 年里，赵一直亲自参与孵化过程。‘这一部分是最关键的；不能有丝毫差错。’他说)”和最后一段中“Up to now, Zhao and his team have bred and released more than 200 red-crowned cranes after ensuring they will be able to survive in nature.(到目前为止，赵和他的团队在确保丹顶鹤能够在自然界中生存后，已经繁育并放归了 200 多只丹顶鹤)”可知，在过去的30年里，赵世伟一直亲自参与孵化过程，他和他的团队已经繁殖并放飞了200多只丹顶鹤。由此可推断出，从赵世伟的工作中我们可以学到“持续的努力终会有回报”。故选C项。 C Imagine a child asking a chatbot or voice assistant if Santa Claus is real. How should the AI respond, given that some families would prefer a lie over the truth? This is a dilemma in the little-studied area of robots deception (欺骗). Two Georgia Tech researchers, Kantwon Rogers and Reiden Webber, designed a driving simulation (模拟) experiment to investigate how intentional robot deception affects trust between humans and AI, and whether different types of apologies can help repair that trust. In the simulation, participants were instructed to drive a“ robot-assisted car” to the hospital to save a friend’s life, while the AI assistant falsely warned of police ahead, advising participants to stay under the speed limit. Upon reaching the hospital, participants were informed that there were no police, and they received one of five different text-based responses from the robot — three admitting the lie, two offering a simple apology without admission. The study aimed to determine which type of apology was most effective in repairing trust after a robot’s lie. The results of the experiment were surprising. 45% of the participants did not speed, because they believed the robot knew more about the situation than they did, revealing an overly trusting attitude toward AI. The results also indicated that while none of the apology types fully recovered trust, the apology with no admission of lying was statistically more effective in repairing trust than other responses. The researchers’ final goal is to create a robot system that can learn when and how to lie or apologize during human-AI interactions. But they acknowledge that this is a complex issue. “We still know very little about AI deception, but we do know that lying is not always bad, and telling the truth isn’t always good,” Rogers said.“ So how can we make laws that support new ideas without harming them, while also keeping people safe?” 8. What is the aim of the experiment? A. To assess AI’s intentional responses. B. To examine AI’s learning capabilities. C. To evaluate AI’s assistance on driving. D. To study AI deception’s impact on trust. 9. Which response from AI is the most effective in repairing trust in the experiment? A. “I am sorry.” B. “I lied to you.” C. “You’ re at your destination.” D. “Forgive me for my fault.” 10. What might Rogers advise AI law makers to do? A. Balance innovation and users’ safety. B. Prioritize protection of users’ privacy. C. Promote moral behavior in AI systems. D. Enforce clearer and stricter regulations. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The human-AI confidence crisis B. A dilemma in human honesty C. Is a robot system promising? D. AI deception: bad or not? 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。短文探讨了“人工智能欺骗:好事还是坏事?”这个问题。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Two Georgia Tech researchers, Kantwon Rogers and Reiden Webber, designed a driving simulation(模拟) experiment to investigate how intentional robot deception affects trust between humans and AI, and whether different types of apologies can help repair that trust.(乔治亚理工学院的两名研究人员Kantwon Rogers和Reiden Webber设计了一个驾驶模拟实验，以研究机器人故意欺骗如何影响人类和人工智能之间的信任，以及不同类型的道歉是否有助于修复这种信任。)”可知，实验的目的是研究机器人欺骗对人类与AI之间信任的影响。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第三段以及常识“The study aimed to determine which type of apology was most effective in repairing trust after a robot’s lie.(该研究旨在确定机器人撒谎后哪种道歉方式最能有效地修复信任。)”可推知，A选项“对不起”最有效地修复了信任。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“So how can we make laws that support new ideas without harming them, while also keeping people safe?(那么，我们怎样才能制定出既支持新思想又不伤害它们的法律，同时又能保证人们的安全呢?)”可推知，罗杰斯可能会建议人工智能立法者平衡创新和用户安全。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“But they acknowledge that this is a complex issue.“ We still know very little about AI deception, but we do know that lying is not always bad, and telling the truth isn’t always good,” Rogers said.(但他们承认，这是一个复杂的问题。罗杰斯说:“我们仍然对人工智能的欺骗知之甚少，但我们确实知道，撒谎并不总是坏事，说实话也不总是好事。”)”可知，文探讨了“人工智能欺骗:好事还是坏事?”这个问题。所以标题为“人工智能欺骗:好事还是坏事?”。故选D项。 D Are you an open book, your face broadcasting every passing emotion, or more of a poker face, not showing what you are feeling? Scientists at Nottingham Trent University say that wearing your heart on your face, could actually give you a significant social advantage. The study, led by Eithne Kavanagh, a research fellow at NTU’s School of Social Sciences, involving over 1,300 participants, noticed striking variations in how much people moved their faces during conversations. Importantly, this expressiveness emerged as a stable individual quality. People displayed similar levels of facial expressiveness across different contexts, with different social partners, and even over time periods up to four months. The researchers say that facial expressiveness is linked to personality, with more agreeable individuals displaying more lively faces. Facial expressiveness can also translate into concrete social benefits. In a negotiation task, more expressive individuals are more likely to secure a larger slice of a reward. The researchers suggest that for agreeable folks, dynamic facial expressions may serve as a tool for building good relationship and smoothing over conflicts. Across the board, the results point to facial expressiveness serving an“ affiliative (亲和) function,” or a social glue that develops liking and smoother interactions. Expressiveness is also linked to being seen as more “readable,” suggesting that a lively face makes one’s intentions and mental states easier for others to decipher. Beyond frequency of facial movements, people who employ facial expressions more strategically to suit social goals, such as looking friendly in a greeting, are also more well- liked. The findings challenge the “poker face” common belief that a still and unemotional appearance is always most advantageous. Instead, they suggest that for most people, allowing one’s face to mirror inner states and intentions can invite warmer reactions. As the researchers conclude, “Being facially expressive is socially advantageous.” So, the next time you catch yourself making lines on your forehead, or flashing a smile, know that your face just might be working overtime on your behalf. 12. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning the study? A. Its impact. B. Its findings. C. Its limitations. D. Its significance. 13. What may facial expressiveness serve as in negotiation settings? A. A way to frighten competitors. B. A method to hide personalities. C. A tool to show personal quality. D. A strategy to settle disagreement. 14. What does the underlined word “decipher” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Copy. B. Overlook. C. Remember D. Interpret. 15. What may the author advise based on the findings of the study? A. Always wearing a still face. B. Learning to be an open book. C. Speaking out inner emotions. D. Forcing a smile through tears. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项科学研究，研究表明面部表情丰富的人在社交中有显著优势，这种优势可以转化为具体的社交利益。文章最后指出，对于大多数人来说，让自己的脸反映内心的状态和意图可以引发更热烈的反应。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The study, led by Eithne Kavanagh, a research fellow at NTU’s School of Social Sciences, involving over 1,300 participants, noticed striking variations in how much people moved their faces during conversations. Importantly, this expressiveness emerged as a stable individual quality. People displayed similar levels of facial expressiveness across different contexts, with different social partners, and even over time periods up to four months. (这项研究由诺丁汉特伦特大学社会科学学院研究员Eithne Kavanagh领导，有1300多名参与者。研究注意到人们在谈话中面部动作的多少存在显著差异。重要的是，这种表现力成为一种稳定的个人品质。人们在不同的情境中、与不同的社交伙伴在一起时，甚至在长达四个月的时间段内，都表现出相似程度的面部表情丰富度。)”可知，本段主要介绍了研究发现人们在谈话中面部动作的多少存在显著差异，而且是一种稳定的个人品质。因此，本段主要在讲这项研究的发现。故选B项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In a negotiation task, more expressive individuals are more likely to secure a larger slice of a reward. The researchers suggest that for agreeable folks, dynamic facial expressions may serve as a tool for building good relationship and smoothing over conflicts.(在谈判任务中，更有表现力的人更有可能获得更大的奖励。研究人员建议，对于和蔼可亲的人来说，动态面部表情可能是建立良好关系和缓和矛盾的工具)”可知，在谈判中，面部表情可能是建立良好关系和缓和矛盾的工具，帮助有表现力的人获得更大利益。因此，面部表情在谈判环境中可能作为一种解决分歧的策略。故选D项。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Expressiveness is also linked to being seen as more ‘readable,’ suggesting that a lively face makes one’s intentions and mental states easier for others to decipher. (表情丰富也与被认为更“可读”有关，这表明一张生动的脸让人的意图和精神状态更容易被decipher)”中“Expressiveness is also linked to being seen as more ‘readable,’”可知，丰富的表情更“可读”，即更容易被理解和解读，所以“一张生动的脸更容易被人解读意图和精神状态”。划线词decipher与interpret同义，意为“解读”。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The findings challenge the ‘poker face’ common belief that a still and unemotional appearance is always most advantageous. Instead, they suggest that for most people, allowing one’s face to mirror inner states and intentions can invite warmer reactions. (这些发现挑战了‘扑克脸’的普遍信念，即静止不动、面无表情的外表总是最有利的。相反，它们表明，对于大多数人来说，让自己的脸反映内心的状态和意图可以引发更热情的反应)”可知，研究表明面部表情丰富的人在社交中有显著优势，所以对于大多数人来说，让自己的脸反映内心的状态和意图可以引发更热情的反应。因此作者可能建议我们要学会像一本打开的书一样，不要隐藏自己的情感和意图，要通过面部表情表达出来。故选B项。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Children experience the joy and wonder of new experiences almost daily. However, for many adults, these emotions get lost in the day to day repetition of everyday life and routine. ___16___ Trying new things is good for our brain. It helps us think more creatively and enhances confidence. It also helps us destress in that a new experience can help break harmful or negative routines. ___17___ We will consider things from new and different perspectives. It is obvious that trying new things is good for our mental health. ___18___ Participating in new physical activities can improve our physical fitness, boost our energy levels, and enhance our overall health. For example, trying a new sport or exercise routine can increase our flexibility and strength. Having new experiences can also have a positive impact on our social lives. ___19___. When we step out of our comfort zones and engage in new activities, we· meet people with different backgrounds and perspectives, which can broaden our horizons and enrich our lives. Building new relationships can provide us with a sense of belonging. Still, it can be scary to break routine and try something totally different. ___20___ Start small by breaking a goal into smaller steps. And be very specific about the goal. For example, instead of aiming to work on arm strength, make a goal of doing twenty arm curls (弯曲) a day. In addition, be realistic and make sure the goal î s practicable in terms of finances and free time. While it is easy to get caught up in the daily tiring activities of life, always keep in mind that doing something new can be the best thing we can do for ourselves. So we’d better make the wise choice. A. However, it is also good for our body. B. It can help us expand our social connections. C. Luckily there are practical tips to make a change. D. New experiences are critical for overcoming fears. E. Doing something new also promotes flexible thinking. F. Every new experience contributes to our personal growth. G. And yet, new experiences are vital for our overall wellbeing. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了尝试新事物对人们的好处以及如何开始尝试新事物。 【16题详解】 上文“Children experience the joy and wonder of new experiences almost daily. However, for many adults, these emotions get lost in the day to day repetition of everyday life and routine.(孩子们几乎每天都能体验到新经历带来的快乐和惊奇。然而，对于许多成年人来说，这些情感在日常生活的重复和例行公事中消失了)”提出因为重复和例行公事，能带来快乐和惊奇的新体验从成年人的世界消失了，G选项“And yet, new experiences are vital for our overall wellbeing.(然而，新体验对我们的整体福祉至关重要)”与上文构成转折有关系，强调了这些新的体验对整体福祉的重要性，同时引出下文关于尝试新事物的好处的讨论，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 【17题详解】 上文“Trying new things is good for our brain. It helps us think more creatively and enhances confidence. It also helps us destress in that a new experience can help break harmful or negative routines.(尝试新事物对我们的大脑有好处。它帮助我们更有创造性地思考，增强自信。它还能帮助我们减压，因为新体验有助于打破有害或负面的习惯)”说明尝试新事物对大脑的好处。E选项“Doing something new also promotes flexible thinking.(做新的事情也能促进灵活的思维)”承接上文，进一步说明了尝试新事物对思维的好处，与上文构成并列关系。同时，下文“We will consider things from new and different perspectives.(我们会从新的和不同的角度来考虑问题)”对E选项观点进行了具体阐述，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 【18题详解】 上文“It is obvious that trying new things is good for our mental health.(显而易见，尝试新事物对我们的心理健康有好处)”是对第二段内容和总结，说明尝试新事物对心理健康有益是显而易见的。A选项“However, it is also good for our body.(然而，它对我们的身体也有好处)”通过转折词“However”引出下文关于尝试新事物对身体好处的讨论，与上文形成对比。同时，下文“Participating in new physical activities can improve our physical fitness, boost our energy levels, and enhance our overall health.(参与新的体育活动可以提高我们的身体素质，增强我们的能量水平，并提升我们的整体健康)”是对A选项观点具体论述，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。 【19题详解】 上文“Having new experiences can also have a positive impact on our social lives.(拥有新体验也可以对我们的社交生活产生积极影响)”提出新体验对社交生活有益。B选项“It can help us expand our social connections.(它可以帮助我们扩大社交联系)”对上文观点进行举例论证，同时引出下文“When we step out of our comfort zones and engage in new activities, we meet people with different backgrounds and perspectives, which can broaden our horizons and enrich our lives.(当我们走出舒适区，参与新的活动时，我们会遇到不同背景和观点的人，这可以拓宽我们的视野，丰富我们的生活)”对扩大社交联系益处的具体阐述，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 【20题详解】 上文“Still, it can be scary to break routine and try something totally different.(然而，打破常规，尝试一些完全不同的东西可能会很可怕)”指出尝试新事物可能会让人感到害怕。C选项“Luckily there are practical tips to make a change.(幸运的是，有一些实用的技巧可以帮助我们做出改变)”通过“Luckily”引出下文关于如何开始尝试新事物的具体建议，下文“Start small by breaking a goal into smaller steps.(从小事开始，把目标分解成更小的步骤)”建议尝试新事物要从小事开始，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mr. Dalton taught us plane geometry (平面几何) 37 years ago. I was a quiet kid. I neither got in much trouble nor got ___21___. Somehow, plane geometry really ___22___ for me in his class. Toward the end of the year, Mr. Dalton wanted to ___23___ our knowledge and gave us a 25-question true/false nationally standardized test. The test presented each problem with a conclusion shown. We were required to ___24___ the result using our theorems (定理). I completed 24 problems quickly, but number seventeen was a ___25___! I spent thirty minutes on that proof and ___26___ I made it with all my efforts. ___27___, I marked the question true and handed in the test. When the results came back the next day, my score was a 96, and number seventeen was ___28___ wrong! When Mr. Dalton asked if there were any questions, for the first time, my hand ___29___. Instead of ____30____ that this was a nationally standardized test and there, couldn’t be anything wrong with the answers, Mr. Dalton did the most powerful thing. I’ve ever seen a teacher do: he held out the ____31____ to me with an encouraging smile on his face. I went to the board for the first time and ____32____ my proof, using the whole board and three different colors of chalk. In the end, everyone clapped. Mr. Dalton gave ____33____ for my answer on number seventeen, and I ended up with a grade of 104. What I experienced that day has ____34____ me well. I have been ____35____ to Mr. Dalton for empowering me to speak up as long as I think I’m right. 21. A. caught B. tired C. confused D. noticed 22. A. clicked B. appeared C. faded D. existed 23. A. expand B. check C. update D. improve 24. A. classify B. identify C. prove D. obtain 25. A. mystery B. purpose C. challenge D. comfort 26. A. immediately B. eventually C. gradually D. consistently 27. A. Encouraged B. Embarrassed C. Depressed D. Satisfied 28. A. assumed B. indicated C. marked D. approved 29. A. shot up B. reached out C. waved about D. drew back 30. A. suspecting B. arguing C. discussing D. admitting 31. A. board B. chalk C. paper D. book 32. A. understood B. explored C. reflected D. demonstrated 33. A. credit B. cause C. account D. evaluation 34. A. known B. suited C. served D. made 35. A. polite B. true C. open D. grateful 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者37年前上平面几何课的经历，Dalton老师鼓励作者勇敢表达自己的观点，这让作者受益匪浅。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我既没惹太多麻烦，也没被注意到。A. caught抓住；B. tired使疲倦；C. confused使困惑；D. noticed注意到。根据前文“I was a quiet kid”和“neither got in much trouble nor got...”可知，作者是个安静的孩子，所以既没惹太多麻烦，也没被注意到。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，在他的课上，平面几何对我来说真的很简单。A. clicked豁然开朗、被突然明白；B. appeared出现；C. faded褪色；D. existed存在。根据第三段中“I completed 24 problems quickly”可知，作者很快地完成24道题，说明Dalton老师的平面几何课对作者来说很简单，容易理解。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了年底，Dalton老师想检查一下我们的知识，给了我们一个包含25个判断题的全国标准化测试。A. expand扩大；B. check检查；C. update更新；D. improve改善。根据后文“gave us a 25-question true/false nationally standardized test”可推知，Dalton老师组织了一次测试，目的是检查一下学生们的知识。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们被要求使用我们的定理来证明结论。A. classify分类；B. identify识别；C. prove证明；D. obtain获得。根据前文“The test presented each problem with a conclusion shown.”和后文“I spent thirty minutes on that proof”可知，测试题先给出了结论，然后要求学生用定理去证明它。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很快完成了24个问题，但第17题是个挑战！A. mystery神秘；B. purpose目的；C. challenge挑战；D. comfort安慰。根据前文“I completed 24 problems quickly, but number seventeen was”和“I spent thirty minutes on that proof...”可知，有24个题很快就完成了，但第17题作者花了30分钟，说明第17题是个挑战。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我在那个证明上花了30分钟，最终我尽了我所有的努力，终于完成了。A. immediately立刻；B. eventually最终；C. gradually逐渐地；D. consistently一致地。根据前文“I spent thirty minutes on that proof”和后文“I made it with all my efforts”可知，作者花了30分钟，终于完成了。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：感到十分满意，我把这道题标为正确，交了试卷。A. Encouraged鼓励的；B. Embarrassed尴尬的；C. Depressed沮丧的；D. Satisfied满意的。根据前文“I made it with all my efforts”和后文“I marked the question true”可知，作者认为自己完成了证明，所以交卷时对自己感到很满意。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当第二天结果出来时，我的分数是96分，第17题被标为错误！A. assumed假定；B. indicated表明；C. marked标记，打分；D. approved批准。根据前文“When the results came back the next day, my score was a 96”可知，老师完成了评分，作者的第17题做错了，所以标记的错误。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当Dalton老师问是否有什么问题时，我的手第一次举了起来。A. shot up迅速举起、迅速上升；B. reached out伸出手；C. waved about挥舞；D. drew back退后。根据前文“ ____ I marked the question true and handed in the test.”和“When the results came back the next day, my score was a 96, and number seventeen was ____ wrong!”可知，作者认为自己的第17题是正确的，但被老师判错，所以当Dalton老师问是否有什么问题时，作者举起了手，想要弄明白。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dalton老师没有辩称这是一次全国标准化考试，答案不可能有任何问题，而是做了一件最有力的事情。A. suspecting怀疑；B. arguing陈述理由、辩称；C. discussing讨论；D. admitting承认。根据后文“this was a nationally standardized test and there couldn’t be anything wrong with the answers”可推知，这是一个全国标准化测试，老师完全可以直接辩称全国标准化测试答案不可能有错，但Dalton老师并没有这样做。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾见过一位老师这样做：他把粉笔递给我，脸上带着鼓励的微笑。A. board黑板；B. chalk粉笔；C. paper纸；D. book书。根据后文“I went to the board for the first time”可知，Dalton老师把粉笔递给了作者，让作者去黑板上写解析。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我第一次走到黑板前，用整块黑板和三种不同颜色的粉笔展示了我的证明过程。A. understood理解；B. explored探索；C. reflected反映；D. demonstrated展示。根据后文“using the whole board and three different colors of chalk”可知，作者用整块黑板和三种不同颜色的粉笔展示了自己的证明过程。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dalton老师给我的第17题答案加分，我最终得了104分。A. credit学分，加分；B. cause原因；C. account账户；D. evaluation评价。根据前文“my score was a 96, and number seventeen was ____ wrong”和后文“I ended up with a grade of 104”可知，作者原本分数是96分，但现在最终得了104分，说明Dalton老师给作者加了分。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我那天的经历对我很有好处。A. known知道；B. suited适合；C. served对……有用，产生……的效果；D. made制作。根据后文“I have been ____ to Mr. Dalton for empowering me to speak up as long as I think I’m right”可知，作者感激Dalton老师让自己勇于表达，说明那天的经历对作者很有好处。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直感激Dalton老师，因为他让我有勇气说出自己的想法，只要我认为我是对的。A. polite礼貌的；B. true真实的；C. open开放的；D. grateful感激的。根据后文“empowering me to speak up as long as I think I’m right”可知，Dalton老师让自己勇于表达，作者心存感激。故选D项。 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5分,满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For rail travelers awaiting departure, it is a common practice to have a meal at a restaurant within the station. The intelligent restaurant at Jinan Railway Station in Shandong Province ___36___ (bring) a brand-new change to this experience in the past two years for travelers. ___37___ traditional restaurants, the Gaotiexia intelligent restaurant operates without human servers or ___38___ (chef), relying entirely on robotic equipment for its functions. “We have employed six automatic cooking devices, which promise a dish delivery time of just five minutes from the moment of ordering to ___39___ it arrives at the customer’s table,” states Ren Guotao, the person in charge of the restaurant. These advanced devices are capable of preparing 18 different dishes ___40___ (satisfy) the appetite of customers from diverse regions. The entire preparation process is sped up, with everything ready for customers minutes after they complete the payment. For passengers in a hurry, the cooking devices can even make a delicious bowl of beef noodles within ___41___ duration of mere 48 seconds, fully displaying their high efficiency. The restaurant is also fitted with a smart machine ___42___ serves up coffee, milk, and ice cream. The ___43___ (integrate) of cutting-edge technology in the Gaotiexia intelligent restaurant enhances the convenience and hygiene (卫生) for travelers, ___44___ (offer) them a novel and efficient way to enjoy a meal while waiting for their train. As such, it has become a ____45____ (prefer) dining destination for many rail travelers passing through Jinan Railway Station. 【答案】36. has brought 37. Unlike 38. chefs 39. when 40. to satisfy 41. the 42. that##which 43. integration 44. offering 45. preferred 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了济南火车站内的一家智能餐厅，该餐厅依靠机器人设备为顾客提供服务，提高了旅客用餐的便利性和卫生性。 【36题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：山东省济南火车站的智能餐厅在过去两年里为旅客的这种体验带来了全新的变化。bring(带来)是谓语动词，与主语The intelligent restaurant之间是主动关系，结合时间状语“in the past two years”可知，讲述从过去持续到现在的动词，应用现在完成时，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式；综上，谓语动词用现在完成时主动语态，单数形式。故填has brought。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：与传统餐厅不同，高铁侠智能餐厅没有人工服务员或厨师，完全依靠机器人设备实现其功能。根据“the Gaotiexia intelligent restaurant operates without human servers”可知，智能餐厅与传统餐厅不同；用介词unlike(不像，和……不同)构成介词短语unlike traditional restaurants作状语，意为“与传统餐厅不同”，符合语境；句首单词首字母大写。故填Unlike。 【38题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：与传统餐厅不同，高铁侠智能餐厅没有人工服务员或厨师，完全依靠机器人设备实现其功能。可数名词chef作宾语，意为“厨师”，与复数名词servers是并列关系，结合常识，也用复数形式，表泛指。故填chefs。 【39题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：“我们使用了6台自动烹饪设备，从点餐到上顾客的餐桌只需5分钟，”餐厅负责人任国涛表示。“_____ it arrives at the customer’s table”是宾语从句，结合句意，表示“上顾客的餐桌的时候”，用连接副词when引导该从句并在从句中作时间状语。故填when。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些先进的设备能够准备18道不同的菜肴，以满足来自不同地区顾客的胃口。“(satisfy) the appetite of customers”是“capable of preparing 18 different dishes”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to satisfy。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：对于匆忙的乘客来说，烹饪设备甚至可以在短短48秒时间内做出一碗美味的牛肉面，充分展示了它们的高效率。the duration of...是固定短语，意为“……的持续时间”。故填the。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：餐厅还配备了一台智能机器，提供咖啡、牛奶和冰淇淋。分析句子结构可知，“_____ serves up coffee, milk, and ice cream”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a smart machine，指物，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词that或者which引导该从句。故填that/which。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：高铁侠智能餐厅中尖端技术的集成提高了旅客的便利性和卫生性，为他们提供了一种新颖高效的用餐方式，在等待火车的同时享受美食。提示词作主语，用名词integration，意为“集成，融合”，不可数名词。故填integration。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：高铁侠智能餐厅中尖端技术的集成提高了旅客的便利性和卫生性，为他们提供了一种新颖高效的用餐方式，在等待火车的同时享受美食。“(offer) them a novel and efficient way to enjoy a meal while waiting for their train”作伴随状语，offer(提供)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The integration of cutting-edge technology之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填offering。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：因此，它已成为许多途经济南火车站的铁路旅客的首选就餐地点。提示词修饰名词词组dining destination，用形容词preferred作定语，意为“首选的，更合意的”。故填preferred。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40 分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，在暑假参与了一次社区志愿者服务活动。请你给英国朋友 Frank写封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： 1. 你做的工作； 2. 你的收获。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Frank, I hope this letter finds you well. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Frank,   I hope this letter finds you well.  During the summer vacation, I participated in a community volunteer service activity. My main tasks included helping to clean up the local park and assisting in organizing a charity event for underprivileged children. This experience was incredibly rewarding as it allowed me to give back to the community and develop a deeper sense of social responsibility. I also made new friends and learned valuable teamwork skills. I am looking forward to participating in more such activities in the future.   Best regards,   Li Hua   【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Frank写封邮件，分享暑假期间参与的社区志愿者服务活动的经历。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 参加：participate in→take part in 帮助：help → assist 值得的：rewarding → worthwhile 有价值的：valuable → precious 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I also made new friends and learned valuable teamwork skills. 拓展句：Not only did I also make new friends, but also I learned valuable teamwork skills. 【点睛】【高分句型1】My main tasks included helping to clean up the local park and assisting in organizing a charity event for underprivileged children.（运用了动名词helping和assisting作宾语） 【高分句型2】This experience was incredibly rewarding as it allowed me to give back to the community and develop a deeper sense of social responsibility.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句） 第二节 (满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My love for dance began when I was very young and I would dream to be a star dancer from time to time. With the drama festival approaching, the school’s drama club had released a notice for the dancer audition (试镜) for The Twelve Dancing Princesses. And of course I was the first one to sign up. As I left the stage after my audition at school, I could feel it. The power. The future. I knew that someday when dancers’ magazines wrote about me, they would say this moment was when my rise to a star began. My ballet slippers hurt my feet, but I figured that was helpful. In The Twelve Dancing Princesses, the princesses danced all night so they probably had foot pain, too. My performance was more genuine because of my pain. I needed to show my devotion even when I wasn’t on stage, so I approached Mr. Ellison, the drama club advisor. He told me that casting (角色分配) will be posted tomorrow.“ Thank you, sir,” I said, using the almost British pronunciation of Hollywood stars in the 1940s. I was so sure that Mr. Ellison would cast me as a princess. The next morning, I went to read the cast list. The twelve princesses were first, by number. I scanned from One to Twelve, but none by me. At the bottom of the casting list, my name finally appeared. My role was a really small one, an old woman who helped a soldier, not one of the princesses! I was desperately disappointed. Mr. Ellison must have made a mistake! No one else in the school had my skills or preparation!. I found him in his classroom, but he insisted there was no mistake and emphasized that every role in a play was important. Unable to accept the fact, I burst into tears. Mr. Ellison managed to calm me down and encouraged me to have a try in the rehearsal (排练). 注意：1. 续写词数应为 150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next day, I dragged myself to the rehearsal. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, the great day arrived and “the old woman” couldn’t wait to get on stage. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The next day, I dragged myself to the rehearsal, still feeling disheartened. As we began, I watched the princesses dance gracefully, a twinge of jealousy stirring within me. But then, as I started to act out my role, something shifted. Mr. Ellison’s words echoed in my mind, “Every role is important.” Gradually, I immersed myself in the character of the old woman. My lines flowed naturally, and I found a newfound respect for my role. To my surprise, my performance drew applause from my peers. This small role, I realized, could be a powerful one. Finally, the great day arrived, and “the old woman” couldn’t wait to get on stage. As the curtains opened, a rush of excitement filled me. I delivered my lines with conviction, feeling more alive on stage than I had ever been. The audience laughed at my humorous lines, and I felt a sense of accomplishment. When the final curtain fell, the applause was deafening. Mr. Ellison’s words had been right — every role was important. I had found my place in the spotlight, not as a princess, but as an old woman who helped a soldier. And it was enough. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了热爱舞蹈的女孩报名参加学校戏剧俱乐部的《十二个跳舞的公主》试镜，期望成为明星舞者。试镜后她自信将被选为公主，却最终被分配扮演帮助士兵的老妇人。女孩深感失望，顾问老师安慰并鼓励她尝试排练。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天，我拖着自己来到排练现场。”可知，第一段可描写女孩虽然失望但仍然参加排练，以及在排练过程中的心态转变和发现自身角色的价值。 ②由第二段首句内容“最后，那个伟大的日子到来了，‘老妇人’迫不及待地想要登上舞台。”可知，第二段可描写女孩在正式演出时的表现和心路历程，以及演出结束后的感受和收获。 2. 续写线索：女孩失望参加排练——逐渐投入角色——发现角色价值——正式演出表现出色——获得认可和成就感 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①改变：shift/change ②投入：immerse/engage in ③发现：find/discover 情绪类 ①失望的：disheartened/disappointed ②嫉妒的：jealous/envious ③令我惊讶的是：to my surprise/to my amazement 【点睛】[高分句型1] As we began, I watched the princesses dance gracefully, a twinge of jealousy stirring within me. (运用了从属连词as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] When the final curtain fell, the applause was deafening. (运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型3] I had found my place in the spotlight, not as a princess, but as an old woman who helped a soldier.(运用了关系代词who引导限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $