精品解析：江苏省镇江市实验高级中学2023～2024学年高二下期末考试英语试卷

2023—2024学年度第二学期高二年级 阶段检测 英语试卷 （考试时间：120分钟总分150分） 注意事项：所有试题的答案均填写在答题纸上，答案写在试卷上的无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15. 1. What does the woman's father remind her to do? A. Take care of him. B. Pay attention to her health. C. Go to the doctor's regularly. 2. Why did the woman feel. A. She had a surprise test. B. She got poor grades for her music test. C. She thought that history is challenging. 3. Which project will the woman work on? A. The advertisement. B. The research. C. The clothing design. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. After- sales service B. Computer operation. C. Service charge. 5. What is the probable relationship between Mr. Smith and the man? A. Workmates. B. Business partners. C. Delivery man and customer. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When is the party held? A. On Friday. B. On Thursday. C. On Monday. 7. What will the woman do in the afternoon? A. Prepare for the party. B. Make a call to the man. C. Help the man with his work. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why is the man making the phone call? A. To place an order. B. To cancel an order. C. To ask about some items. 9. What will happen in the evening? A. A delivery will be sent. B. The man will receive his remaining items. C. A note will be shown to the man. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where did the woman see the man yesterday? A. In the hall. B. At the reception. C. By the changing rooms. 11. What is inside the woman's bag? A. A book. B. Some clothes. C. A towel. 12. What does the man mean in the end? A. He forgot the color of the bag. B. The receptionist has found the woman's bag. C. The bag he handed in doesn't belong to the woman's. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. How soon will the man leave his company? A. In a week. B. In two weeks. C. In four weeks. 14. When will the man open his shop? A. In March. B. In April. C. In May. 15. What does the man offer to the woman? A. Free drinks. B. Financial support. C. Good price on products. 16. Where will the man's tea stand be located? A. Near a night market. B. In the railway station. C. In the woman's neighborhood. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17 What is the Manuscript Writing Cafe designed to do? A. Help writers reduce stress. B. Offer a place for writers to meet. C. Enable writers to progress with their writing. 18. What do we know about the cafe? A. It has strict rules. B. It serves book authors only. C. It is designed in an artistic way. 19. What should writers tell the staff of the cafe? A. Their target group. B. Their writing goals. C. Their departure time. 20. How will writers pay the bill? A. By day. B. By hour. C. By half-hour. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Planning a trip to the seaside this 2024? Are you looking for hotels near the beach? Then why not book one of our rooms and enjoy a relaxing stay with us? We can guarantee you a refreshing stay. So all you need to do is arrive and settle in. Pavilion Hotel Catalina Island 513 Crescent Ave, Avalon, CA 90704 Catalina Island is the perfect destination for a family holiday and Pavilion Hotel is a perfect spot on the island. Pavilion Hotel is only 14 steps from a Catalina beach and offers a big daily continental breakfast and a nightly wine and cheese hour free of charge. There is so much to do, such as biking, hiking, swimming, and boat tours. Venice Breeze Suites 2 Breeze Ave, Venice CA 90291 Venice Breeze Suites is a hotel right on the Venice Beach boardwalk that offers a fun atmosphere. The hotel is located in a classic oceanfront building in the heart of a bicycle-friendly urban beach community filled with unique places to go such as the Venice Canals, Skate Park and Muscle Beach. Pacific Edge Hotel 647S Coast Hwy, Laguna Beach, CA 92651 There is no place quite like Laguna Beach for a perfect family vacation. Pacific Edge Hotel offers the comforts of home. The hotel’s facilities include lounge chairs, umbrellas, beach towels, two heated pools, and a ping-pong table. Malibu Beach Inn 22878 Pacific Coast Hwy, Malibu, CA90265 Located along the seashore nicknamed “Billionaire’s Beach”, Malibu Beach Inn offers you complete relaxation. Each of the 47 well- equipped rooms has a private balcony. You'll also be just steps away from Malibu Landmarks, high-end shops which offer fancy gifts and rough hiking trails leading to wild watersports and the beach. 1. What can you do in Pacific Edge Hotel? A. Taste free cheese. B. Play table tennis. C. Enjoy a big breakfast. D. Drink wine in the evening. 2. Which is the best place for those who want to buy souvenirs? A. Venice Breeze Suites. B. Pacific Edge Hotel. C. Malibu Beach Inn. D. Pavilion Hotel. 3. What do the four hotels have in common? A They are all near the beach. B. They are all bicycle-friendly. C. They all have a balcony for relaxation. D. They all provide water sports programs. B For generations, the name Milton Hershey has been a well-known word closely connected with fine chocolate products throughout the country and around the world. He was born in 1857 on a farm near Derry Church, a small Pennsylvania community. Frequent family moves interrupted his schooling and left him with limited education. He only completed the fourth grade. Following a four-year apprenticeship (学徒期) with a Lancaster candy maker, he established his first candy-making business in Philadelphia. That initial effort failed as did his next two attempts in Chicago and New York. However, he never gave up his hope to build up his own business. Returning to Lancaster in 1883, Hershey established the Lancaster Caramel Company, which quickly became an outstanding success. It was this business that established him as a candy maker and set the stage for future achievements. Hershey became fascinated with German chocolate-making machinery exhibited at the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition. He bought the equipment for his Lancaster plant and soon began producing various chocolate creations. Then in 1900, he sold the Lancaster Caramel Co. in order to focus entirely on his chocolate business. Three years later, Hershey returned to Derry Church to build a new factory. There he could obtain the large supplies of fresh milk needed to perfect and produce fine milk chocolate. Through trial and error, he created his own formula for milk chocolate. In 1903 he began construction on what was to become the world’s largest chocolate plant. After its completion, Hershey's milk chocolate quickly became the first nationally marketed product of its kind. With Milton Hershey’s success came a great sense of social responsibility. Hershey created a completely new community around his factory. He built a model town for his employees that included comfortable homes, an inexpensive public transportation system, a quality public school system and broad cultural opportunities. The town of Hershey continues to be a special place for its residents and a popular at action for millions of visitors each year. Indeed, Milton Hershey's achievements do speak for themselves. 4. What stopped Hershey from having systematic school education? A. His family’s continual relocation. B. His lack of interest in study. C. His failure to meet school requirements. D. His parents’ attaching little value to education. 5. Why did Hershey sell his Lancaster plant? A. The plant had suffered a huge loss. B. The produced candies were of low quality. C. His machinery business needed a lot of money. D. He decided to commit himself to chocolate production. 6. Which of the following best describes Hershey? A. Gentle and open-minded. B. Determined and public-spirited. C. Honest and generous. D. Humorous and creative. 7. What can be the most suitable title for the text? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Many hands make light work. C. Impossible is nothing to a willing heart. D. Great hopes and good wills make great man. C Imagine you’re out for an evening walk in a foreign city, looking to find a restaurant for dinner. If you’re like most people, you will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service.But is this true? In tourist areas, early diners have no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose, so they may have picked their evening eatery on a whim (一时兴起). Following passers- by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well- informed decision and blindly followed their example. This could have resulted in a snow- balling effect, whereby ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, creating a false impression of approval. Therefore, following the example of others could have led to a suboptimal (次优的) dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant. Blindly copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “herd behavior (从众行为).” It is a frequent occurrence among humans as well as many other animals. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. Average judgments of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort—after all, there’s “safety in numbers”—while helping to maintain a favorable fame. Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or unique decision; it is therefore an easy option. Herd behaviors, while common and easy to explain, hold significant dangers. Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, which emerges when the judgments of individual group members are independently collected to produce an average opinion, herd behaviors typically rely on so-called “information cascades”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically evaluating the underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of irrational or simply stupid behaviors. As a result, herding can have many undesirable outcomes, including negative influences on consumer choices, like in the restaurant example above. It appears there is no quick and easy fix to resist the lure (诱惑) of herd behavior. Instead, long-term attitude changes may be necessary, which could involve individuals adopting more critical approaches towards their peers’ opinion, and questioning others’ behaviors as opposed to blindly following them. 8. How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed? A. By giving example. B. By presenting fact. C. By analyzing the cause and effect. D. By making comparison. 9. What is one reason why people tend to follow the crowd? A. It leads to average judgments. B. It brings a sense of security. C. It challenges a favorable reputation. D. It allows for better decision- making. 10. What does the underlined “information cascades” mean in Para 5? A. Adopting others’ beliefs or choices without evaluation. B. Critical evaluation of underlying reasons for choices. C. Average judgments formed by large groups of people. D. Independent collection of individual opinions and judgements. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. Following the herd can greatly benefit us in various aspects. B. It is no easy task for people to resist the lure of herd behavior. C. It is unnecessary to think critically rather than follow the herd blindly. D. The busiest restaurant is not necessarily the best one in tourist areas. D What makes a person extra repulsive to a mosquito? It might be the scent of coconut. That was one of the findings of a small study published Wednesday in the journal iScience, which looked at whether different scented soaps made people more or less attractive to mosquitoes. “It’s a simple question with a very complex answer,” said the lead study author, Clement Vinauger, an assistant professor of biochemistry at Virginia Tech. “What really matters is how the chemicals in the soap combine with the chemicals of the individual person.” Everyone has the same chemicals, just in different ratios, some more attractive to mosquitoes than others, said Ali Afify, an assistant professor of biology at Drexel University in Philadelphia, who wasn’t involved with the new study. “Everything you use on your skin can make you more or less attractive to mosquitoes,” Afify added. To see which chemicals could tip the scales in either direction, four volunteers were each asked to wash with four different brands of soap. In each instance, the volunteer washed one forearm and left the other untouched and then wore nylon sleeves on both arms for one hour. They repeated the process with the three other soaps. After the hour was up, the researchers removed the odor- soaked sleeves. They placed each sleeve in a cup and put the cups in a mesh cage full of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The scent in the cup that attracted the most mosquitoes was deemed most attractive. In the end, the team identified four chemicals that were associated with being slightly more attractive to mosquitoes and three that appeared to repel them, but the results were generally weak and variable for all chemical scents tested except one: coconut. “Mosquitoes don’t like coconut-scented products, so our safest bet is to use them,” Vinauger said. “Because odors are complex, a single scent or compound isn’t likely to be merely responsible for how attractive a person is to mosquitoes. Some may play a bigger role, but there won’t be just one that explains attraction,” said Christopher Potter, an associate professor of neuroscience at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Maryland who studies mosquito olfaction. 12. What is the main factor that determines how attractive a person is to mosquitoes? A. The type of soap they frequently use. B. The amount of carbon dioxide they send out. C. The chemical produced by bacteria on their body. D. The combination of chemicals in their body scent. 13. What is the main purpose of Para 4? A. To explain the working principle. B. To present the actions of the volunteers. C. To introduce the process of the study. D. To make a comparison between different soaps. 14 What have the researchers found about coconut- scented products? A. They can keep mosquitoes away. B. They have no effect on mosquitoes. C. They are more variable than other chemicals. D. They are slightly more attractive to mosquitoes. 15. What is Christopher Potter’s attitude towards the findings published in the journal iScience? A. Supportive B. Objective C. Pessimistic D. Unclear 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 This is something that all of us have noticed countless times in our daily lives. Whether you’re trying to read the fine print in a commercial or trying to make out a person’s face from a distance — it always helps to see better when you squint (眯起) your eyes. ____16____ There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. ____17____ If you think for a while, you’ll find squinting is a different matter. If squinting meant making your eyes become stress balls, we’d all be in a lot of trouble. ____18____ When light hits an object, it bounces off its surface and enters our eyes. The light travels through the eye lens (晶状体). The lens then focuses the light rays, which fall on the retina (视网膜). A chemical present in the retina turns light into electric signals, which are then transmitted to the brain. The brain processes the signals and ultimately allows us to see stuff. The act of squinting, quite obviously, alters the shape of the space through which light passes, which helps us form a clear image on the retina. What’s more, light from different directions enters and is subsequently perceived by the eye. ____19____ However, when you’re trying to focus on something, if there’s light entering from multiple directions, the lens will be overloaded. By squinting, focusing light rays becomes more precise. Squinting does not damage your eyesight. ____20____ It’s one thing to occasionally squint in order to make out something far away. But if you find yourself doing it all the time, getting your eyes tested should be your focus. A. Actually, that’s not exactly the case. B. Has it ever occurred to you why this happens? C. Squinting does two major things to improve our vision. D. However, doing it for long periods of time can lead to dry eyes. E. Normally, this is a great thing, as it feeds your situational awareness. F. A number of biological components actually constitute the human eye. G. Before revealing the secret behind it, let’s learn about how we see things. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When light snow began falling, the principal kept a careful eye on the approaching storm. It soon took on qualities of something more terrible. By midday he called the school buses back so the kids could get home safely ____21____ it was too late. My students gathered their belongings, and felt ____22____ to be going home early. Then the buses arrived.____23____, the storm suddenly became heavier and it was quickly clear that nobody was going anywhere any time soon. The original plan ____24____. Over 300 children got ____25____ inside the school. As night approached and the storm showed no signs of stopping, we began to feel ____26____. What would we feed several hundred children for dinner? Where would they sleep? After every parent was ____27____ that their children were safe, people who lived close enough to ____28____ the bad weather were called and asked if they could help. Soon, a handful of people ____29____ to travel through the blinding snow, bringing bags of food and blankets. There wasn’t much food, but everything was shared, nobody got hungry and nobody _____30_____. When night fell, we worked out sleeping arrangements for the kids._____31_____ by the tension of the day, most of them fell asleep soon on the carpeted floors. _____32_____, the next morning we awoke to find the storm had stopped. With the roads now clear of snow, our students were soon safely on their way home, and all the staff breathed a sigh of _____33_____. What might have been a(n)_____34_____ had instead resulted in strengthened _____35_____ between the community and our school. 21. A. as B. when C. before D. after 22. A. disappointed B. honored C. astonished D. thrilled 23. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise 24. A. broke down B. broke through C. broke out D. broke in 25. A. engaged B. stuck C. caught D. abandoned 26. A. concerned B. confused C. annoyed D. bored 27. A. convinced B. promised C. informed D. reminded 28. A. avoid B. brave C. escape D. ignore 29. A. attempted B. tended C. managed D. happened 30. A. failed B. waited C. opposed D. complained 31. A. Exhausted B. Frightened C. Threatened D. Challenged 32. A. Surely B. Hopefully C. Thankfully D. Strangely 33. A. impatience B. relief C. regret D. surprise 34. A. accident B. intervention C. disaster D. adventure 35. A. feedbacks B. communications C. frictions D. bonds 第二节（共 10小题； 每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There is one single seasonal food ____36____ (favour) by Shanghai's food lovers above all others: the sweet flesh and creamy roe（蟹黄） of hairy crab(大闸蟹). In early autumn ____37____ the weather is pleasant Shanghai locals start to pay attention to the market for the hairy crab, and once the hairy crab season really ____38____ (start), it's a nonstop three-month-long feast. The best crabs appear early— in the ninth lunar month for females, when the roe is at its peak, and in the tenth lunar month for males, when the flesh is at its ____39____ (sweet). I don't think the flesh is delicious,____40____ the roe, which makes your lips and fingers yellow, is a worthy prize: it is ____41____ (amazing ) rich, with the flavor of egg yolk. It is said that Shaoxing wine is often drunk with the crab, perfectly ____42____ (balance) the cooling properties of the crab in traditional Chinese medicine. It's hard ____43____ (beat) dining on hairy crab in one of the many restaurants around the edge of Yangcheng Lake, an hour's drive northwest of Shanghai, where the best crabs can ____44____ (find) — heavy for their size, with the flesh clean and the females full of roe. On a clear autumn day, you can drink cold beer sitting outside at a plastic- covered table. The table may be _____45_____ mess when hairy crabs are enjoyed, but the tasty food is worth it. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节，请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：1.目的，时间，地点。2.活动安排。3.欢迎他的表演节目。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Allen, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My friend Carole’s birthday was approaching and I wondered what to give her as a gift. I had two pots of beautiful flowers and I knew Carole liked flowers. However, the two pots of flowers were rare and I brought them from a forest very far away, which took me great effort. So, I hesitated. There wasn’t a cloud in the sky on one warm June morning when Carol e and I started out for a day of shopping. We had learned of a quilt (被子) shop which had unique quilts created by skilled women from a nearby company. Carole’s heart was set on finding a blue- and- white quilt to put the finishing touch on her guest bedroom. We parked the car next to the only traffic light in town, heading towards the quilt shop. But next door, a newly opened small store that sold pretty clothes, shoes, etc. attracted us. So we first walked into this store, where we admired the most wonderful collection of umbrella s we had ever seen. As I ran my fingers across one special umbrella, I heard myself whisper, “These are the most beautiful umbrellas...”I loved the items so much. A sales clerk hurried to my side. “Perhaps you’d like to try one of them out,” she suggested. I opened the attractive umbrella. Underneath it, I felt wonderfully carefree and sheltered from the whole world. But with new things to buy, there was no money for expensive umbrellas. Besides, even if I could afford one, it wouldn’t be a practical purchase. Back in the second grade, I had once eyed a beautiful, pink umbrella in a department store window. “I need a beautiful umbrella,” I said to my mother. “No, you need a practical umbrella,” she said. “Besides, you might lose it.” With tears in my eyes, I put down that pink umbrella! Coming back from my memory, I told the clerk, “Thanks for showing me the umbrella.” Then, I headed next door to the quilt shop, a few steps ahead of Carole. 注意：Ⅰ.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式作答。 When her steps caught up with mine, I noticed a long, thin box under her arm. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Back home, I took the umbrella sent by Carole and walked towards my flowers. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023—2024学年度第二学期高二年级 阶段检测 英语试卷 （考试时间：120分钟总分150分） 注意事项：所有试题的答案均填写在答题纸上，答案写在试卷上的无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15. 1. What does the woman's father remind her to do? A. Take care of him. B. Pay attention to her health. C. Go to the doctor's regularly. 2. Why did the woman feel. A. She had a surprise test. B. She got poor grades for her music test. C. She thought that history is challenging. 3. Which project will the woman work on? A. The advertisement. B. The research. C. The clothing design. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. After- sales service B. Computer operation. C. Service charge. 5. What is the probable relationship between Mr. Smith and the man? A. Workmates. B. Business partners. C. Delivery man and customer. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When is the party held? A. On Friday. B. On Thursday. C. On Monday. 7. What will the woman do in the afternoon? A. Prepare for the party. B. Make a call to the man. C. Help the man with his work. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why is the man making the phone call? A. To place an order. B. To cancel an order. C. To ask about some items. 9. What will happen in the evening? A. A delivery will be sent. B. The man will receive his remaining items. C. A note will be shown to the man. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where did the woman see the man yesterday? A. In the hall. B. At the reception. C. By the changing rooms. 11. What is inside the woman's bag? A. A book. B. Some clothes. C. A towel. 12. What does the man mean in the end? A. He forgot the color of the bag. B. The receptionist has found the woman's bag. C. The bag he handed in doesn't belong to the woman's. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. How soon will the man leave his company? A. In a week. B. In two weeks. C. In four weeks. 14. When will the man open his shop? A. In March. B. In April. C. In May. 15. What does the man offer to the woman? A. Free drinks. B. Financial support. C. Good price on products. 16. Where will the man's tea stand be located? A. Near a night market. B. In the railway station. C. In the woman's neighborhood. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the Manuscript Writing Cafe designed to do? A. Help writers reduce stress. B. Offer a place for writers to meet. C. Enable writers to progress with their writing. 18. What do we know about the cafe? A. It has strict rules. B. It serves book authors only. C. It is designed in an artistic way. 19. What should writers tell the staff of the cafe? A. Their target group. B. Their writing goals. C. Their departure time. 20. How will writers pay the bill? A. By day. B. By hour. C. By half-hour. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Planning a trip to the seaside this 2024? Are you looking for hotels near the beach? Then why not book one of our rooms and enjoy a relaxing stay with us? We can guarantee you a refreshing stay. So all you need to do is arrive and settle in. Pavilion Hotel Catalina Island 513 Crescent Ave, Avalon, CA 90704 Catalina Island is the perfect destination for a family holiday and Pavilion Hotel is a perfect spot on the island. Pavilion Hotel is only 14 steps from a Catalina beach and offers a big daily continental breakfast and a nightly wine and cheese hour free of charge. There is so much to do, such as biking, hiking, swimming, and boat tours. Venice Breeze Suites 2 Breeze Ave, Venice CA 90291 Venice Breeze Suites is a hotel right on the Venice Beach boardwalk that offers a fun atmosphere. The hotel is located in a classic oceanfront building in the heart of a bicycle-friendly urban beach community filled with unique places to go, such as the Venice Canals, Skate Park and Muscle Beach. Pacific Edge Hotel 647S Coast Hwy, Laguna Beach, CA 92651 There is no place quite like Laguna Beach for a perfect family vacation. Pacific Edge Hotel offers the comforts of home. The hotel’s facilities include lounge chairs, umbrellas, beach towels, two heated pools, and a ping-pong table. Malibu Beach Inn 22878 Pacific Coast Hwy, Malibu, CA90265 Located along the seashore nicknamed “Billionaire’s Beach”, Malibu Beach Inn offers you complete relaxation. Each of the 47 well- equipped rooms has a private balcony. You'll also be just steps away from Malibu Landmarks, high-end shops which offer fancy gifts and rough hiking trails leading to wild watersports and the beach. 1. What can you do in Pacific Edge Hotel? A. Taste free cheese. B. Play table tennis. C. Enjoy a big breakfast. D. Drink wine in the evening. 2. Which is the best place for those who want to buy souvenirs? A Venice Breeze Suites. B. Pacific Edge Hotel. C. Malibu Beach Inn. D. Pavilion Hotel. 3. What do the four hotels have in common? A. They are all near the beach. B. They are all bicycle-friendly. C. They all have a balcony for relaxation. D. They all provide water sports programs. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四家海边旅馆的信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据介绍“Pacific Edge Hotel(太平洋边缘酒店)”的句子“There is no place quite like Laguna Beach for a perfect family vacation. Pacific Edge Hotel offers the comforts of home. The hotel's facilities include lounge chairs , umbrellas, beach towels, two heated pools, and a ping- pong table.(没有比拉古纳海滩更适合家庭度假的地方了。太平洋边缘酒店提供舒适的家。酒店的设施包括躺椅、遮阳伞、沙滩毛巾、两个温水游泳池和一张乒乓球桌。)”可知，在Pacific Edge Hotel你可以打乒乓球。故选B项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据介绍“Malibu Beach Inn(马里布海滩旅馆)”的句子“You’ll also be just steps away from Malibu Landmarks, high-end shops which offer fancy gifts and rough hiking trails leading to wild watersports and the beach.(您也将离马里布地标仅几步之遥，高端商店提供精美的礼物和通往野生水上运动和海滩的崎岖远足径。)”可知，想买纪念品的人最好去Malibu Beach Inn，因为那里的高端商店提供精美的礼物。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Planning a trip to the seaside this 2024? Are you looking for hotels near the beach? Then why not book one of our rooms and enjoy a relaxing stay with us?(2024年打算去海边旅行吗?你在找海滩附近的旅馆吗?那为什么不预订我们的房间，和我们一起享受轻松的住宿呢?)”和下文提到的几家旅馆的位置可知，这四家旅馆的共同点是他们都在海滩附近。故选A项。 B For generations, the name Milton Hershey has been a well-known word closely connected with fine chocolate products throughout the country and around the world. He was born in 1857 on a farm near Derry Church, a small Pennsylvania community. Frequent family moves interrupted his schooling and left him with limited education. He only completed the fourth grade. Following a four-year apprenticeship (学徒期) with a Lancaster candy maker, he established his first candy-making business in Philadelphia. That initial effort failed as did his next two attempts in Chicago and New York. However, he never gave up his hope to build up his own business. Returning to Lancaster in 1883, Hershey established the Lancaster Caramel Company, which quickly became an outstanding success. It was this business that established him as a candy maker and set the stage for future achievements. Hershey became fascinated with German chocolate-making machinery exhibited at the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition. He bought the equipment for his Lancaster plant and soon began producing various chocolate creations. Then in 1900, he sold the Lancaster Caramel Co. in order to focus entirely on his chocolate business. Three years later, Hershey returned to Derry Church to build a new factory. There he could obtain the large supplies of fresh milk needed to perfect and produce fine milk chocolate. Through trial and error, he created his own formula for milk chocolate. In 1903 he began construction on what was to become the world’s largest chocolate plant. After its completion, Hershey's milk chocolate quickly became the first nationally marketed product of its kind. With Milton Hershey’s success came a great sense of social responsibility. Hershey created a completely new community around his factory. He built a model town for his employees that included comfortable homes, an inexpensive public transportation system, a quality public school system and broad cultural opportunities. The town of Hershey continues to be a special place for its residents and a popular at action for millions of visitors each year. Indeed, Milton Hershey's achievements do speak for themselves. 4. What stopped Hershey from having systematic school education? A. His family’s continual relocation. B. His lack of interest in study. C. His failure to meet school requirements. D. His parents’ attaching little value to education. 5. Why did Hershey sell his Lancaster plant? A The plant had suffered a huge loss. B. The produced candies were of low quality. C. His machinery business needed a lot of money. D. He decided to commit himself to chocolate production. 6. Which of the following best describes Hershey? A. Gentle and open-minded. B. Determined and public-spirited. C. Honest and generous. D. Humorous and creative. 7. What can be the most suitable title for the text? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Many hands make light work. C. Impossible is nothing to a willing heart. D. Great hopes and good wills make great man. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文属于记叙文，主要介绍Milton Hershey创办Hershey’s Chocolate的历程，以及他的社会责任感。 4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Frequent family moves interrupted his schooling and left him with limited education. He only completed the fourth grade. (频繁的家庭搬迁中断了他的学业，使他所受的教育有限。他只读完了四年级)”可知，家庭的不断搬迁阻止Hershey接受系统的学校教育。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Then in 1900, he sold the Lancaster Caramel Co. in order to focus entirely on his chocolate business. (然后在1900年，他卖掉了兰开斯特焦糖公司，以便完全专注于他的巧克力生意。)”可知，为了专注于巧克力业务，Hershey卖掉了Lancaster焦糖公司。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Following a four-year apprenticeship (学徒期) with a Lancaster candy maker, he established his first candy-making business in Philadelphia. That initial effort failed as did his next two attempts in Chicago and New York. However, he never gave up his hope to build up his own business. Returning to Lancaster in 1883, Hershey established the Lancaster Caramel Company, which quickly became an outstanding success. (在兰开斯特一家糖果制造商当了四年学徒之后，他在费城建立了自己的第一家糖果制造公司。最初的尝试失败了，接下来他在芝加哥和纽约的两次尝试也失败了。然而，他从未放弃自己创业的希望。1883年，Hershey回到兰开斯特，成立了兰开斯特焦糖公司，并迅速取得了巨大的成功。)”可知，虽然失败了几次，但Hershey没有放弃，最终建立了自己的公司并获得成功，由此推知他有决心；根据最后一段的“With Milton Hershey’s success came a great sense of social responsibility. Hershey created a completely new community around his factory. He built a model town for his employees that included comfortable homes, an inexpensive public transportation system, a quality public school system and broad cultural opportunities. (Milton Hershey的成功带来了巨大的社会责任感。Hershey在他的工厂周围建立了一个全新的社区。他为他的员工建造了一个模范城镇，包括舒适的住房、廉价的公共交通系统、高质量的公立学校系统和广泛的文化机会。)”推知，他热心公益。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段的“However, he never gave up his hope to build up his own business.(然而，他从未放弃自己创业的希望。)”以及最后一段“With Milton Hershey’s success came a great sense of social responsibility. Hershey created a completely new community around his factory. He built a model town for his employees that included comfortable homes, an inexpensive public transportation system, a quality public school system and broad cultural opportunities. ( Milton Hershey的成功带来了巨大的社会责任感。Hershey在他的工厂周围建立了一个全新的社区。他为他的员工建造了一个模范城镇，包括舒适的住房、廉价的公共交通系统、高质量的公立学校系统和广泛的文化机会。)”并通读全文可知，文章主要讲述Milton Hershey满怀热情和希望，不畏失败，永不言弃地创办Hershey’s Chocolate的历程，以及他的社会责任感，因此D项“伟大的希望和强大的意志造就伟大的人”为最佳标题，故选D。 C Imagine you’re out for an evening walk in a foreign city, looking to find a restaurant for dinner. If you’re like most people, you will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service.But is this true? In tourist areas, early diners have no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose, so they may have picked their evening eatery on a whim (一时兴起). Following passers- by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well- informed decision and blindly followed their example. This could have resulted in a snow- balling effect, whereby ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, creating a false impression of approval. Therefore, following the example of others could have led to a suboptimal (次优) dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant. Blindly copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “herd behavior (从众行为).” It is a frequent occurrence among humans as well as many other animals. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. Average judgments of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort—after all, there’s “safety in numbers”—while helping to maintain a favorable fame. Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or unique decision; it is therefore an easy option. Herd behaviors, while common and easy to explain, hold significant dangers. Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, which emerges when the judgments of individual group members are independently collected to produce an average opinion, herd behaviors typically rely on so-called “information cascades”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically evaluating the underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of irrational or simply stupid behaviors. As a result, herding can have many undesirable outcomes, including negative influences on consumer choices, like in the restaurant example above. It appears there is no quick and easy fix to resist the lure (诱惑) of herd behavior. Instead, long-term attitude changes may be necessary, which could involve individuals adopting more critical approaches towards their peers’ opinion, and questioning others’ behaviors as opposed to blindly following them. 8. How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed? A. By giving example. B. By presenting fact. C By analyzing the cause and effect. D. By making comparison. 9. What is one reason why people tend to follow the crowd? A. It leads to average judgments. B. It brings a sense of security. C. It challenges a favorable reputation. D. It allows for better decision- making. 10. What does the underlined “information cascades” mean in Para 5? A. Adopting others’ beliefs or choices without evaluation. B. Critical evaluation of underlying reasons for choices. C. Average judgments formed by large groups of people. D. Independent collection of individual opinions and judgements. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. Following the herd can greatly benefit us in various aspects. B. It is no easy task for people to resist the lure of herd behavior. C. It is unnecessary to think critically rather than follow the herd blindly. D. The busiest restaurant is not necessarily the best one in tourist areas. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是从众行为的危险性和难以抗拒性，以及提出了一些可能的解决方法。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In tourist areas, early diners have no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose, so they may have picked their evening eatery on a whim (一时兴起). Following passers- by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well- informed decision and blindly followed their example.(在旅游区，早到的食客对于选择哪家餐馆没有任何有意义的线索，所以他们可能是一时兴起才选择晚上的餐馆。跟随的路人可能误解了他们选择餐馆的决定，并盲目地进行效仿。)”可知，第二段是通过举例展开的，故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort—after all, there’s “safety in numbers”—while helping to maintain a favorable fame.(此外，随大流似乎提供了保护和舒适——毕竟，“人多安全”——同时有助于保持良好的声誉。)”可知，人们容易随大流的原因之一是它带来了安全感。故选B。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically evaluating the underlying reasons(人们在没有批判性地评估潜在原因的情况下接受他人的信仰或复制他人的选择)”可知，information cascades的意思是“人们不经过批判性思考就接受他人的观点或选择”，即Adopting others’ beliefs or choices without evaluation。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Blindly copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as “herd behavior (从众行为).” It is a frequent occurrence among humans as well as many other animals.(盲目地模仿别人的想法或选择，或者只是随大流，通常被称为“从众行为”。这在人类和许多其他动物中是经常发生的。)”，倒数第二段“Herd behaviors, while common and easy to explain, hold significant dangers.(从众行为虽然很常见，也很容易解释，但却有很大的危险。)”和最后一段“It appears there is no quick and easy fix to resist the lure (诱惑) of herd behavior.(似乎没有快速和简单的方法来抵制从众行为的诱惑。)”可知，本文主要讲的是从众行为的危险性和难以抗拒性，以及提出了一些可能的解决方法，因此本文的主旨是B选项“It is no easy task for people to resist the lure of herd behavior.(对人们来说，抵制从众行为的诱惑并非易事。)”。故选B。 D What makes a person extra repulsive to a mosquito? It might be the scent of coconut. That was one of the findings of a small study published Wednesday in the journal iScience, which looked at whether different scented soaps made people more or less attractive to mosquitoes. “It’s a simple question with a very complex answer,” said the lead study author, Clement Vinauger, an assistant professor of biochemistry at Virginia Tech. “What really matters is how the chemicals in the soap combine with the chemicals of the individual person.” Everyone has the same chemicals, just in different ratios, some more attractive to mosquitoes than others, said Ali Afify, an assistant professor of biology at Drexel University in Philadelphia, who wasn’t involved with the new study. “Everything you use on your skin can make you more or less attractive to mosquitoes,” Afify added. To see which chemicals could tip the scales in either direction, four volunteers were each asked to wash with four different brands of soap. In each instance, the volunteer washed one forearm and left the other untouched and then wore nylon sleeves on both arms for one hour. They repeated the process with the three other soaps. After the hour was up, the researchers removed the odor- soaked sleeves. They placed each sleeve in a cup and put the cups in a mesh cage full of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The scent in the cup that attracted the most mosquitoes was deemed most attractive. In the end, the team identified four chemicals that were associated with being slightly more attractive to mosquitoes and three that appeared to repel them, but the results were generally weak and variable for all chemical scents tested except one: coconut. “Mosquitoes don’t like coconut-scented products, so our safest bet is to use them,” Vinauger said. “Because odors are complex, a single scent or compound isn’t likely to be merely responsible for how attractive a person is to mosquitoes. Some may play a bigger role, but there won’t be just one that explains attraction,” said Christopher Potter, an associate professor of neuroscience at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Maryland who studies mosquito olfaction. 12. What is the main factor that determines how attractive a person is to mosquitoes? A. The type of soap they frequently use. B. The amount of carbon dioxide they send out. C. The chemical produced by bacteria on their body. D. The combination of chemicals in their body scent. 13. What is the main purpose of Para 4? A. To explain the working principle. B. To present the actions of the volunteers. C. To introduce the process of the study. D. To make a comparison between different soaps. 14. What have the researchers found about coconut- scented products? A. They can keep mosquitoes away. B. They have no effect on mosquitoes. C. They are more variable than other chemicals. D. They are slightly more attractive to mosquitoes. 15. What is Christopher Potter’s attitude towards the findings published in the journal iScience? A. Supportive B. Objective C. Pessimistic D. Unclear 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是一项关于不同气味肥皂对蚊子吸引力影响的小型研究的结果。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“What really matters is how the chemicals in the soap combine with the chemicals of the individual person.(真正重要的是肥皂中的化学物质如何与个人体内的化学物质结合。)”可知，决定一个人对蚊子有多大吸引力的主要因素是他们身上化学物质的混合气味。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“To see which chemicals could tip the scales in either direction, four volunteers were each asked to wash with four different brands of soap. In each instance, the volunteer washed one forearm and left the other untouched and then wore nylon sleeves on both arms for one hour. They repeated the process with the three other soaps. After the hour was up, the researchers removed the odor- soaked sleeves. They placed each sleeve in a cup and put the cups in a mesh cage full of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.(为了研究哪种化学物质能使天平朝哪个方向倾斜，四名志愿者分别被要求用四种不同品牌的肥皂洗脸。在每一次实验中，志愿者清洗一只前臂，另一只不动，然后在两只手臂上套上尼龙袖子一个小时。他们用另外三种肥皂重复了这个过程。一小时后，研究人员将气味浸透的袖子取下。他们把每个袖子放在一个杯子里，然后把杯子放在一个装满埃及伊蚊的网笼里。)”可知，第四段主要讲的是研究的过程，因此本段主要目的是介绍研究的过程。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Mosquitoes don’t like coconut-scented products, so our safest bet is to use them(蚊子不喜欢椰子味的产品，所以我们最安全的办法就是使用它们)”可知，研究人员发现椰子香味的产品可以赶走蚊子。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Because odors are complex, a single scent or compound isn’t likely to be merely responsible for how attractive a person is to mosquitoes. Some may play a bigger role, but there won’t be just one that explains attraction(因为气味是复杂的，单一的气味或化合物不太可能仅仅决定一个人对蚊子的吸引力。有些可能会发挥更大的作用，但不会只有一种解释了吸引力)”可知，Christopher Potter对发表在iScience杂志上的研究结果持客观态度。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 This is something that all of us have noticed countless times in our daily lives. Whether you’re trying to read the fine print in a commercial or trying to make out a person’s face from a distance — it always helps to see better when you squint (眯起) your eyes. ____16____ There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. ____17____ If you think for a while, you’ll find squinting is a different matter. If squinting meant making your eyes become stress balls, we’d all be in a lot of trouble. ____18____ When light hits an object, it bounces off its surface and enters our eyes. The light travels through the eye lens (晶状体). The lens then focuses the light rays, which fall on the retina (视网膜). A chemical present in the retina turns light into electric signals, which are then transmitted to the brain. The brain processes the signals and ultimately allows us to see stuff. The act of squinting, quite obviously, alters the shape of the space through which light passes, which helps us form a clear image on the retina. What’s more, light from different directions enters and is subsequently perceived by the eye. ____19____ However, when you’re trying to focus on something, if there’s light entering from multiple directions, the lens will be overloaded. By squinting, focusing light rays becomes more precise. Squinting does not damage your eyesight. ____20____ It’s one thing to occasionally squint in order to make out something far away. But if you find yourself doing it all the time, getting your eyes tested should be your focus. A. Actually, that’s not exactly the case. B. Has it ever occurred to you why this happens? C. Squinting does two major things to improve our vision. D. However, doing it for long periods of time can lead to dry eyes. E. Normally, this is a great thing, as it feeds your situational awareness. F. A number of biological components actually constitute the human eye. G. Before revealing the secret behind it, let’s learn about how we see things. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文解释了为什么眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚，并澄清了眯眼不会损害视力的误解。 【16题详解】 根据上文“This is something that all of us have noticed countless times in our daily lives. Whether you’re trying to read the fine print in a commercial or trying to make out a person’s face from a distance — it always helps to see better when you squint (眯起) your eyes. (这是我们所有人在日常生活中无数次注意到的事情。无论你是想阅读商业广告上的小字，还是想从远处辨认一个人的脸——眯着眼睛总是有助于看得更清楚。)”可知，上文引出眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚这一话题，由下文“There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. (有一种普遍的假设是，你挤压眼球是为了让它们更好地工作，从而给眼球增加了很大的压力。)”可知，下文解释了为什么眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚，故本空应提问为什么眯眼可以帮助我们看得更清楚，B选项“Has it ever occurred to you why this happens? (你有没有想过为什么会这样？)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据上文“There’s a common assumption that you’re adding much stress to your eyeballs by squeezing them to make them work better. (有一种普遍的假设是，你挤压眼球是为了让它们更好地工作，从而给眼球增加了很大的压力。)”和下文“If you think for a while, you’ll find squinting is a different matter. If squinting meant making your eyes become stress balls, we’d all be in a lot of trouble. (如果你仔细想想，你会发现眯眼是另一回事。如果眯着眼睛意味着让你的眼睛变成压力球，那我们就有大麻烦了。)”可知，本空应是对上文认知的怀疑，故选项A“Actually, that’s not exactly the case. (实际上，情况并非如此。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据下文“When light hits an object, it bounces off its surface and enters our eyes. (当光线照射到物体上时，它会从物体表面反弹，进入我们的眼睛。)”可知，下文解释了人眼看见东西的原理，本空应引出这一原理，G选项“Before revealing the secret behind it, let’s learn about how we see things. (在揭示其背后的秘密之前，让我们了解一下我们是如何看东西的。)”能引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据上文“What’s more, light from different directions enters and is subsequently perceived by the eye. (更重要的是，来自不同方向的光进入并随后被眼睛感知。)”可知，本空应谈论光被眼睛感知的结果，E选项“Normally, this is a great thing, as it feeds your situational awareness. (通常，这是件好事，因为它增强了你的情境意识。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Squinting does not damage your eyesight. (眯眼不会损害你的视力。)”和后文“But if you find yourself doing it all the time, getting your eyes tested should be your focus. (偶尔眯着眼看清远处的东西是一回事。但如果你发现自己总是这样做，那么检查你的眼睛应该是你的重点。)”可知，上文说眯眼不会损害你的视力，下文又说检查你的眼睛，上下文存在转折关系，D选项“However, doing it for long periods of time can lead to dry eyes. (然而，长时间这样做会导致眼睛干涩。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When light snow began falling, the principal kept a careful eye on the approaching storm. It soon took on qualities of something more terrible. By midday he called the school buses back so the kids could get home safely ____21____ it was too late. My students gathered their belongings, and felt ____22____ to be going home early. Then the buses arrived.____23____, the storm suddenly became heavier and it was quickly clear that nobody was going anywhere any time soon. The original plan ____24____. Over 300 children got ____25____ inside the school. As night approached and the storm showed no signs of stopping, we began to feel ____26____. What would we feed several hundred children for dinner? Where would they sleep? After every parent was ____27____ that their children were safe, people who lived close enough to ____28____ the bad weather were called and asked if they could help. Soon, a handful of people ____29____ to travel through the blinding snow, bringing bags of food and blankets. There wasn’t much food, but everything was shared, nobody got hungry and nobody _____30_____. When night fell, we worked out sleeping arrangements for the kids._____31_____ by the tension of the day, most of them fell asleep soon on the carpeted floors. _____32_____, the next morning we awoke to find the storm had stopped. With the roads now clear of snow, our students were soon safely on their way home, and all the staff breathed a sigh of _____33_____. What might have been a(n)_____34_____ had instead resulted in strengthened _____35_____ between the community and our school. 21. A. as B. when C. before D. after 22. A. disappointed B. honored C. astonished D. thrilled 23. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise 24. A. broke down B. broke through C. broke out D. broke in 25. A. engaged B. stuck C. caught D. abandoned 26. A. concerned B. confused C. annoyed D. bored 27. A. convinced B. promised C. informed D. reminded 28. A. avoid B. brave C. escape D. ignore 29. A. attempted B. tended C. managed D. happened 30. A. failed B. waited C. opposed D. complained 31. A. Exhausted B. Frightened C. Threatened D. Challenged 32. A. Surely B. Hopefully C. Thankfully D. Strangely 33. A. impatience B. relief C. regret D. surprise 34. A. accident B. intervention C. disaster D. adventure 35. A. feedbacks B. communications C. frictions D. bonds 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了学校遭受暴风雪，300名学生被困，住在附近的人们提供了帮助，让他们度过了灾难。 【21题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：到了中午，他把校车叫回来，这样孩子们就可以在太晚之前安全到家了。A. as当……的时候；B. when当……的时候；C. before在……之前；D. after在……之后。根据上文“get home safely”和下文“it was too late”可知，是让孩子们在太晚之前到家，空格处是“在……之前”。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的学生们收拾好自己的东西，为能早点回家而兴奋不已。A. disappointed失望的；B. honored荣幸的；C. astonished吃惊的；D. thrilled兴奋的。 根据后文“to be going home early”可知，可以早点回家，学生感到兴奋。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，暴雪突然变得更大了，很明显，短期内没有人能去任何地方。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。根据上文“going home early”和下文“the storm suddenly became heavier”可知，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来的计划失败了。A. broke down计划失败；B. broke through突破；C. broke out爆发；D. broke in闯入。根据上文“nobody was going anywhere any time soon”可知，没有人走得了了，所以之前的计划失败了。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：300多名儿童被困在学校里。A. engaged参与；B. stuck被困；C. caught抓住；D. abandoned抛弃。 根据上文“nobody was going anywhere any time soon.”可知，学生是被困在了学校。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着夜幕降临，暴雪没有停止的迹象，我们开始感到非常担心。A. concerned担心的；B. confused困惑的；C. annoyed生气的；D. bored厌倦的。 根据上文“the storm showed no signs of stopping”可知，暴雪没有停止的迹象，他们开始感到非常担心。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在每个家长都被告知他们的孩子是安全的之后，住得很近可以冒风雪来的人被打电话问他们是否可以帮忙。A. convinced说服；B. promised承诺；C. informed通知；D. reminded提醒。 根据后文“that their children were safe”可知，此处指通知家长孩子是安全的。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在每个家长都被告知他们的孩子是安全的之后，住得很近可以冒风雪来的人被打电话问他们是否可以帮忙。A. avoid避免；B. brave勇敢面对；C. escape逃走；D. ignore忽视。 根据后文“bad weather were called and asked if they could help”可知，是指那些人住得很近，可以冒着风雪来学校提供帮助。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，一些人带着一袋袋的食物和毯子，设法穿过令人眩目的暴雪。A. attempted企图；B. tended打算；C. managed设法做成；D. happened发生。 根据后文“to travel through the blinding snow, bringing bags of food and blankets”可知，人们提供帮助，带着一袋袋的食物和毯子，设法穿过大雪。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：食物不多，但所有的东西都是共享的，没有人感到饥饿，也没有人抱怨。A. failed失败；B. waited等待；C. opposed反对；D. complained抱怨。 根据上文“There wasn’t much food, but everything was shared, nobody got hungry and nobody”可知，but表示转折，说明食物不多，但所有的东西都是共享的，没有人抱怨。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于一天的紧张疲惫，他们中的大多数人很快就在铺着地毯的地板上睡着了。A. Exhausted使疲惫；B. Frightened使害怕；C. Threatened受到威胁；D. Challenged受到挑战。 根据后文“by the tension of the day, most of them fell asleep soon on the carpeted floors”可知，因为这一天太让人紧张了，所以学生很疲惫，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，第二天早上我们醒来时发现暴风雪已经停了。A. Surely当然；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Thankfully感谢地；D. Strangely奇怪地。 根据后文“find the storm had stopped”可知，第二天暴风雪停了，这是值得感谢的。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着道路上的积雪清除，我们的学生很快就安全回家了，所有的工作人员都松了一口气。A. impatience不耐烦；B. relief宽慰；C. regret后悔；D. surprise惊喜。根据上文“our students were soon safely on their way home”可知，学生很快就安全回家了，所有的工作人员应该都松了一口气。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：本可能是一场灾难的结果反而加强了社区和我们学校之间的联系。A. accident事故；B. intervention干预；C. disaster灾难；D. adventure冒险。此处指上文“the storm suddenly became heavier”可知，暴风雪是一场灾难，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：本可能是一场灾难的结果反而加强了社区和我们学校之间的联系。A. feedbacks反馈；B. communications沟通；C. frictions摩擦；D. bonds联系。根据下文“between the community and our school”可知，此处是指社区和学校之间的联系。故选D。 第二节（共 10小题； 每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There is one single seasonal food ____36____ (favour) by Shanghai's food lovers above all others: the sweet flesh and creamy roe（蟹黄） of hairy crab(大闸蟹). In early autumn ____37____ the weather is pleasant, Shanghai locals start to pay attention to the market for the hairy crab, and once the hairy crab season really ____38____ (start), it's a nonstop three-month-long feast. The best crabs appear early— in the ninth lunar month for females, when the roe is at its peak, and in the tenth lunar month for males, when the flesh is at its ____39____ (sweet). I don't think the flesh is delicious,____40____ the roe, which makes your lips and fingers yellow, is a worthy prize: it is ____41____ (amazing ) rich, with the flavor of egg yolk. It is said that Shaoxing wine is often drunk with the crab, perfectly ____42____ (balance) the cooling properties of the crab in traditional Chinese medicine. It's hard ____43____ (beat) dining on hairy crab in one of the many restaurants around the edge of Yangcheng Lake, an hour's drive northwest of Shanghai, where the best crabs can ____44____ (find) — heavy for their size, with the flesh clean and the females full of roe. On a clear autumn day, you can drink cold beer sitting outside at a plastic- covered table. The table may be _____45_____ mess when hairy crabs are enjoyed, but the tasty food is worth it. 【答案】36. favoured 37. when 38. starts 39. sweetest 40. but 41. amazingly 42. balancing 43. to beat 44. be found 45. a 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了人间美食——大闸蟹。 【36题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：有一种季节性食物是上海美食爱好者最喜欢的：大闸蟹的甜肉和奶油般的蟹黄。空处为非谓语动词，动词favour在此处用作过去分词，作后置定语修饰food。seasonal food与favour为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填favoured。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在初秋天气宜人的时候，上海当地人开始关注大闸蟹的市场，一旦大闸蟹季节真正开始，就会有一个长达三个月的不间断盛宴。此处为定语从句，先行词为early autumn，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用when。故填when。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在初秋天气宜人的时候，上海当地人开始关注大闸蟹的市场，一旦大闸蟹季节真正开始，就会有一个长达三个月的不间断盛宴。once引导的时间状语从句，句子用一般现在时表示将来。主语为单数，谓语为单数。故填starts。 【39题详解】 考查形容词的最高级。句意：最好的螃蟹会早早上市——农历九月的雌蟹，此时蟹黄最为饱满，农历十月的雄蟹，此时蟹肉最为甜美。根据句意，此处表示“最甜美的”，应用形容词的最高级。故填sweetest。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：我不认为蟹肉好吃，但蟹黄使你的嘴唇和手指变黄，是一个值得的美味：它营养非常丰富，有蛋黄的味道。前后句为转折关系，应用but。故填but。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：我不认为蟹肉好吃，但蟹黄使你的嘴唇和手指变黄，是一个值得的美味：它营养非常丰富，有蛋黄的味道。副词amazingly修饰形容词rich。故填amazingly。 【42题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：据说绍兴酒常与螃蟹一起享用，完美地平衡了螃蟹在中医中的寒性。空处为非谓语动词，与上文为主动关系，用现在分词balancing作状语。故填balancing。 【43题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：在距离上海西北部一小时车程的阳澄湖周边，有许多餐馆，其中之一的大闸蟹是最好吃的。在那里，你可以找到最好吃的螃蟹——体型较大，肉质干净，满满的蟹黄。it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语。故填to beat。 【44题详解】 考查动词的被动语态。句意：在距离上海西北部一小时车程的阳澄湖周边，有许多餐馆，其中之一的大闸蟹是最好吃的。在那里，你可以找到最好吃的螃蟹——体型较大，肉质干净，满满的蟹黄。can后接动词原形。the best crabs与find为被动关系，用被动语态，故填be found。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：当大闸蟹被享用的时候，桌子可能是一团糟，但是美味的食物是值得拥有的。此处表示泛指一团糟，应用不定冠词，且mess首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节，请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：1.目的，时间，地点。2.活动安排。3.欢迎他的表演节目。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Allen, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Allen, I am writing to invite you to our school music festival. The festival aims to enrich students’ campus life and promote music culture. It will be held in our school auditorium next Sunday afternoon. There will be various activities, including wonderful music performances by our school’s music clubs and solo singers. We also have interactive sessions where the audience can participate. We have good reasons to believe that it is definitely worth your visit. We would be delighted if you could perform a program. Looking forward to your presence. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Allen写封邮件，邀请Allen参加学校即将举办的音乐节，并介绍音乐节的目的、时间和地点以及活动安排，并欢迎对方表演节目。 【详解】词汇积累 邀请：invite → extend an invitation to 丰富：enrich → enhance 互动环节：interactive sessions → participatory segments 值得：be worth → be deserving 句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：I am writing to invite you to our school music festival. 拓展句：I am extending an invitation to you for our school’s upcoming music festival. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The festival aims to enrich students’ campus life and promote music culture.（使用了动词不定式作宾语） 【高分句型2】We have good reasons to believe that it is definitely worth your visit. （使用了宾语从句做动词不定式to believe的宾语） 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My friend Carole’s birthday was approaching and I wondered what to give her as a gift. I had two pots of beautiful flowers and I knew Carole liked flowers. However, the two pots of flowers were rare and I brought them from a forest very far away, which took me great effort. So, I hesitated. There wasn’t a cloud in the sky on one warm June morning when Carol e and I started out for a day of shopping. We had learned of a quilt (被子) shop which had unique quilts created by skilled women from a nearby company. Carole’s heart was set on finding a blue- and- white quilt to put the finishing touch on her guest bedroom. We parked the car next to the only traffic light in town, heading towards the quilt shop. But next door, a newly opened small store that sold pretty clothes, shoes, etc. attracted us. So we first walked into this store, where we admired the most wonderful collection of umbrella s we had ever seen. As I ran my fingers across one special umbrella, I heard myself whisper, “These are the most beautiful umbrellas...”I loved the items so much. A sales clerk hurried to my side. “Perhaps you’d like to try one of them out,” she suggested. I opened the attractive umbrella. Underneath it, I felt wonderfully carefree and sheltered from the whole world. But with new things to buy, there was no money for expensive umbrellas. Besides, even if I could afford one, it wouldn’t be a practical purchase. Back in the second grade, I had once eyed a beautiful, pink umbrella in a department store window. “I need a beautiful umbrella,” I said to my mother. “No, you need a practical umbrella,” she said. “Besides, you might lose it.” With tears in my eyes, I put down that pink umbrella! Coming back from my memory, I told the clerk, “Thanks for showing me the umbrella.” Then, I headed next door to the quilt shop, a few steps ahead of Carole. 注意：Ⅰ.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式作答。 When her steps caught up with mine, I noticed a long, thin box under her arm. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Back home, I took the umbrella sent by Carole and walked towards my flowers. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When her steps caught up with mine, I noticed a long, thin box under her arm. “What’s that?” I asked, curious. Carole smiled mysteriously and handed me the box. “Open it,” she said. Inside was the very umbrella I had admired in the store. “Happy early birthday!” Carole exclaimed. I was speechless. “But… how did you know?” I stammered. “I saw the way you looked at it,” she replied. “I wanted to give you something special, just like you always do for me.” Tears welled up in my eyes as I hugged her tightly. “Thank you, Carole. This means so much to me.” Back home, I took the umbrella sent by Carole and walked towards my flowers. I realized that the joy of giving was far greater than the effort it took to obtain those flowers. With a smile, I carefully dug up one of the pots and placed it in a beautiful gift bag. The next day, I visited Carole and handed her the bag. “Happy birthday, Carole,” I said. Her eyes lit up as she saw the rare flowers. “These are beautiful! Thank you so much!” she exclaimed. As we sat together, admiring our gifts, I felt a deep sense of gratitude for our friendship and the simple joys it brought into our lives. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，作者在购物时被一把漂亮的伞吸引，但因为不实用而放弃购买。Carole注意到了这一点，并在作者不知情的情况下买下了伞作为生日礼物送给作者。作者深受感动，决定将自己珍贵的花送给Carole作为回报。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当她的脚步赶上我的脚步时，我注意到她腋下夹着一个又长又细的盒子。”可知，第一段可描写作者打开盒子后的反应和心情 ②由第二段首句内容“回到家，我拿着卡罗尔送的伞，走向我的花。”可知，第二段可描写作者给Carole送花的过程以及感悟。 2.续写线索：打开盒子——作者感动——送花——Carole很快乐——作者的感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①拥抱：hug /embrace ②喜欢、羡慕：admire/ be crazy about ③放置：place /put ④获得：obtain/gain 情绪类 ①感激：gratitude /appreciate ②快乐：happiness/joy 【点睛】[高分句型1] As we sat together, admiring our gifts, I felt a deep sense of gratitude for our friendship and the simple joys it brought into our lives. (运用了as引导时间状语从句，省略了that的定语从句) [高分句型2] I realized that the joy of giving was far greater than the effort it took to obtain those flowers. (运用了that引导的宾语从句，省略了that的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$