精品解析：广东省潮南区2024-2025学年高三上学期摸底考试英语试题

2025届潮南区高三摸底测试试题 英语科 本试卷共8页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项：1．答题前，先用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卷指定位置填写学校、班级、姓名和座号。 2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，答案不能答在试卷上。不按要求填涂的，答案无效。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷上各题目指定区域内相应位置上。请注意每题答题空间，预先合理安排;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Most Beautiful Train Stations in the World Tokyo Station Marunouchi Building The wide-open entrance square on the Marunouchi side of Tokyo’s main train station would look more at home in Amsterdam or Paris. Kingo Tatsuno’s classical European design took over six years to complete, finally opening in 1914. The statin has received several facelifts since the Second World War, most recently in 2012. It’s one of the biggest and busiest train stations in the world. Beijing West Railway Station The idea of building this station in the capital of China was put forward as early as 1959 but didn’t come to reality until 1996. It was the largest station in Asia at the time, although Shanghai’s Hongqiao Station has since surpassed it. The station itself has a unique architectural (建筑的) style, with the main body of the building having quite a functional Russian look, but the rooftop is decorated with three amazing Chinese pagodas. Duoliang Station, Taiwan This is the smallest station on this lit by a distance. In fact we’re not really choosing Duoliang for architectural reasons. This station is all about location, location, location. Surrounded by hi top greenery on one side and amazing Pacific Ocean scenery on the other, it’s one of the most scenic spots in all of Taiwan. This isn’t even a working station anymore, but the platforms have been adapted into viewing spots, extremely popular with local train spotters. Stazione Milano Centrale in Milan Milan’s central train station looks pretty much exactly as you’d imagine it. There are a mix of styles at play here, from Art Nouveau to Art Deco, but the entire building is filled with a classic sense of Roman monumentality. The outer look is guarded by two statues, while its insides are equally impressive, as grand stonewalls curve (弯曲) into the station’s glass ceilings. 1. What do Tokyo Station and Beijing West Railway Station have in common? A. Both have European features. B. Both were built in the early 1990s. C. Both have been rebuilt several times. D. Both are the largest domestic stations. 2. What do train spotters favor most about Duoliang Station? A. Its distance. B. Its small size. C. Its surrounding scenery. D. Its architectural style. 3. What makes Stazione Milano Centrale impressive? A. Roman buildings B. Its various styles. C. Statues on the walls D. The curving ceilings. B It all started with a simple question: “Can I paint your portrait?” One day in the summer of 2015, Peterson was relaxing in his living room, reading the book Love Does, about the power of love in action, when his quiet was disturbed by a homeless man outside his apartment. Inspired by the book’s compassionate message, Peterson made a decision; he was going to go outside and introduce himself. In that first conversation, Peterson learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris. He’d moved to Southern California from Kentucky to pursue a career in music, but he soon fell on hard times and ended up living on the street for more than a decade. “I saw beauty on the face of a man who hadn’t shaved in probably a year, because his story, the life inside of him, inspired me,” Peterson recalled. Therefore, Peterson asked if he could paint Faris’ portrait. Faris agreed. Peterson’s connection with Faris led him to form Faces of Santa Ana, a nonprofit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of members of the community who are unhoused. Peterson sells the paintings for money, splitting the proceeds and putting half into a “love account” for his model. He then helps people use the money to get back on their feet. Many of Peterson’s new friends use the donations to secure immediate necessities — medical care, hotel rooms, food. Faris used the funds from his portrait to record an album, fulfilling his musical dreams. Another subject, Kimberly Sondoval, had never been able to financially support her daughter. She asked, “Can I use the money to pay my daughter’s rent?” When the check was delivered, “They both wept in my arms,” Peterson recalls. Peterson has painted 41 of these portraits himself. But there’s more to the finished products than the money they bring to someone who’s down and out. He’s discovered that the buyers tend to connect to the story of the person in the painting finding similarities and often friendship with someone they might have otherwise overlooked or stereotyped. “People often tell me, ‘I was the one that would cross the street, but I see homeless people differently now,” Peterson says. “I didn’t know that would happen.” 4. What made Peterson start a conversation? A. The curiosity about strangers. B. The touching story of Matt Faris. C. The disturbance by a homeless man. D. The sympathetic message in Love Does. 5. What do we know about Faces of Santa Ana? A. It pays the homeless salaries. B It is an official nonprofit organization. C. It tries to restore the lives of Peterson’s models. D. It spends all the money on helping the unhoused. 6. What does the underlined phrase “get back on their feet” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. regain their financial stability and independence B. physically recover from an injury C. become more self-confident D. return to their original home 7. How might a buyer view the homeless after buying a portrait? A. lazy and poor B. odd but inspiring C. disturbing and untidy D. pitiful but respectable C Is forgiveness against our human nature? To answer our question, we need to ask a further question: What is the essence of our humanity? For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity. The first view involves dominance and power. In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them. The second view involves the theme of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love as the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony? From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. As an important note, when we take a Classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice. 8. What is Droll’s idea about forgiveness? A. People should offer mercy to others. B. People who forgive can have their own welfare affected. C. Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity. D. Aggressive people should learn to forgive. 9. What does the example in Paragraph 2 illustrate? A. To forgive is to love. B. To fight is to grow. C. To dominate is to harm. D. To give is to receive. 10. What is the writer’s attitude toward forgiveness? A. Objective. B. Reserved. C. Favorable. D. Skeptical. 11. What is message of the last paragraph? A. Forgiveness is in our nature. B. Forgiveness grows with time. C. Actuality is based on potentiality. D. It takes practice to forgive. D Do you have a brain for math? New research indicates that levels of two key neurotransmitters (脑神经传递素) — glutamate (谷氨酸) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)can predict mathematical abilities, suggesting brain chemistry may be playing a role in those who find math easy. The new study, published in the journal PLOS Biology, recruited 255 subjects extending a range of six-year olds in primary school to university students. The research focused on glutamate and GABA, known to play a role in brain plasticity (可塑性) and learning. Based on prior research, the focus was on two brain regions linked with mathematical abilities — the left intraparietal sulcus (IPS 顶叶内沟) and the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG 脑额中回). The results were interestingly different. In the youngest subjects high GABA levels and low glutamate levels in the left IPS were consistently associated with high math skills. But in the older university group the exact opposite was seen: low GABA and high glutamate were linked with strong mathematical abilities. Levels of both neurotransmitters in the MFG did not associate with math skills. The group was tested twice over 18 months, allowing the researchers to see if these neurotransmitter levels could predict mathematical ability into the future. And it worked, with neurotransmitter levels effectively predicting one’s success on math tests completed a year and a half later. Another recent study from the same research team looked specifically at GABA levels in MFG of 14 to 18 year olds. That research indicated MFG GABA levels could effectively predict whether a student was still studying maths or had ceased that subject years prior. Cohen Kadosh, one of the researchers working on the study, says this may indicate math education can help stimulate the development of key brain regions. Further research will work on whether certain learning interventions can help those children less interested in math so these brain regions still get the developmental workout they need. “Not every adolescent enjoys maths so we need to investigate possible alternatives, such as training in logic and reasoning that engage the same brain area as maths,” says Cohen Kadosh. 12. What is the new study aimed at? A. Exploring mental development of the subjects. B. Finding the tie between brain chemistry and math. C. Testing the link between brain regions. D. Revealing the structure of brain. 13. What can be learned from the findings? A. The levels of GABA decide one’s math skills. B. Low MFG glutamate means poor math ability. C. Neurotransmitters in the MFG affect math skills. D. Math education may help with brain development. 14. What can better math education according to Cohen Kadosh? A. Studying more possible options. B. Tracing slow learners’ early learning. C. Training math learners respectively. D. Developing key relevant brain areas. 15. What can be the best title of the text? A. Factors Affecting Math Skills B. Ways to Promote Math Education C. Brain Activities Involved in Math Study D. Math Ability Predicted by Neurotransmitters 第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone knows that early to bed and early to rise is good for your health. Having maintained adequate sleep, people can keep themselves refreshed and dynamic. ____16____ Here are some steps to take to become a morning person on a freezing day. Seek out as much natural light as possible. ____17____ When you wake up, go outside for a relaxed walk around the block, or sit out back while you have a cup of coffee. To avoid being in a sleep state all along, you’d better rethink the black-out curtains you might use to make a very dark sleeping environment. ____18____ If you fly straight into getting up at your desired time every day, you’ll feel tired during the transition within a few weeks. For some people, those first few days of exhaustion from switching to a new schedule aren’t safe and hard to bear. In that case, gradually ease into the early-bird life. They are supposed to shift half an hour, wait a few days, shift another half an hour, wait a few days, and then shift another half an hour. ____19____ De-stress and relax in the evenings. A consistent bedtime isn’t as crucial as sticking to the same wake up time every day, but it’s still important to make sure you’re getting enough sleep. ____20____ So you’ll probably need to inch your bedtime forward as you transition to a new schedule. Start at least an hour before you hit the bed and cut back on stuff related to daily life. With all these tips you’re not dreading it if you think of getting up early on a chilly winter. A. Cultivate the habit gradually. B. That’s a little easier for people to tolerate. C. The sun is the driver of our internal clock. D. Get rid of the previous sleep patterns instantly. E. Therefore, developing a healthy sleeping habit is of great significance. F. Without sufficient hours of sleep, the mind and body can’t properly recharge. G. However, it usually takes a lot of willpower to get out of bed early on a winter’s day. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I know next to nothing about baseball. When in the field during P. E. as a boy, I ___21___ the ball wouldn’t come to me. Catching it seemed a(n) ___22___ task for me. Yet I later became the father of two boys, Will and Tim (8 and 5), who were both ___23___ in baseball. When playing with Will, thanks to my weak arm, the ball often ___24___ before he could catch it. After many ___25___ one day, he said, “How am I ever going to ___26___ the major leagues?” “You got the ___27___ dad, kid,” I thought. Baseball isn’t my cup of tea. Still, I wanted to give my kids ___28___ on the field. The official Little League in my area was super- competitive and primarily ___29___ older boys. What if we had something more ___30___, welcoming boys and girls, and younger ones? The idea echoed in my mind for days, forcing me to pluck up courage to call the department ___31___, inquiring about starting a baseball league. What if they said no? I got butterflies in my stomach. But to my relief, they responded ___32___. Our league was ___33___. And I became the most unlikely baseball commissioner (专员) ever. Many years have passed. Now Will and Tim are ___34___ themselves, and I can’t wait to see what they’ll have to do. I know better than anyone: Parenthood calls you to do the most ___35___ things. 21. A. suggested B. prayed C. begged D. demanded 22. A. impossible B. effortless C. easy D. straightforward 23. A. weak B. skillful C. disappointed D. interested 24. A. dropped B. rose C. bounced D. disappeared 25. A. catches B. misses C. tests D. dangers 26. A. deserve B. admit C. make D. reach 27. A. wrong B. strong C. right D. poor 28. A. advice B. happiness C. confidence D. goals 29. A. refused B. admired C. required D. targeted 30. A. challenging B. low-key C. reliable D. appealing 31. A. in charge B. off duty C. under control D. at hand 32. A. eagerly B. doubtfully C. proudly D. positively 33. A. rejected B. held C. stopped D. founded 34. A. coaches B. fathers C. players D. officials 35. A. interesting B. rewarding C. unlikely D. meaningful 第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Wang Wenbin promoting the “Chinese War Dance” program on his social media account on April 6th, Chaoshan Yingge Dance has once again gained widespread attention, ___36___(win) hearts of fans overseas as well as the younger generations in China. Dating back to the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), the Yingger Dance, ___37___ intangible cultural heritage, is a vibrant combination of folklore, martial arts, and music. It is also known as the “Dance of the Heroes”, ___38___(base) on the story of the heroes of Liangshan ___39___ attacked the Damingfu during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). The exaggerated makeup and brightly colored costumes transform the ___40___(perform) into the marching ancient heroes. What sets Yingge Dance apart is its deep connection to the community. It’s not just a dance; it’s a living, breathing proof of Chaoshan’s cultural identity and also ___41___(serve) as a platform for promoting physical fitness, discipline, and teamwork. During festivals and celebrations, entire villages come together to perform. Young and old alike train ___42___(diligent), sharpening their skills under the guidance of ___43___(experience) masters, ensuring that this precious cultural heritage endures for generations ___44___(come). In conclusion, the Chaoshan Yingge Dance is a treasure of history, art, and community spirit. Just ___45___ Mr. Wan put it, “it is a traditional performance that honors ancestral wisdom and expresses hopes for a bright future, reflecting values of righteousness and strength”. 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假设你是高中生李华，在刚刚结束的暑假期间，你积极参与了一项社会实践活动，让你在多个方面有了深刻的体会和收获。请给你的英国好友Eric写一封信，分享你的这次独特经历。你的信应包括以下内容： 1．你参加活动； 2．你的感受和收获。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Eric, How are you doing? I hope this letter finds you well. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a sunny Friday morning, Mr. Stone, the Grade 4 head teacher, walked into the classroom with a new student following him. She was a lively girl from Mexico, and her red mushroom hair cut immediately drew everyone’s eyes. With a welcoming smile, Mr. Stone gestured for her to sit beside Mike, a student known for teasing others. During break time, Mike couldn’t help but laugh when he caught sight of his new deskmate. Sara’s distinctive hairstyle seemed like an open invitation for him to make fun of her. Leaning in towards Sara, he playfully suggested, “Hey, Sara. Ever thought about changing your name to Dora? You look just like Dora the Explorer!” His words caused laughter and cheers from the others in the classroom. Sara’s eyes filled with tears, her cheeks turning red with embarrassment. Feeling hurt and upset, she stood up suddenly, rushing to the teacher’s office to seek support from Mr. Stone. After hearing her story, Mr. Stone offered her gentle comfort, saying, “Sara, your hairstyle is truly pretty. Remember, everyone has their own sense of beauty.” Mr. Stone then directed his attention to Mike, expressing his disappointment and urging Mike to apologize to Sara. “Mike,” he continued, “your actions were unkind. We must treat everyone with empathy(同情). Laughing at Sara’s hair has deeply hurt her.” This conflict was temporarily settled, but Mr. Stone found himself lost in thought. Reflecting on his own childhood, Mr. Stone recalled how he had been teased for being overweight. The pain caused by hurtful words was like wrinkles on a crumpled(压皱的)ball of paper. Even if you smoothed them out, the wrinkles stayed. He wanted to teach an important lesson to Mike, the troublemaker. Then, a unique strategy came to mind. He contacted Mike’s mother, explaining the situation and discussing a plan with her to develop empathy in her son. They agreed that over the weekend, Mike’s mother would arrange for Mike to have his hair cut extremely short. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On Monday morning Mike unwillingly approached the classroom. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At that moment, Mr. Stone walked into the classroom with a ball of paper. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届潮南区高三摸底测试试题 英语科 本试卷共8页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项：1．答题前，先用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卷指定位置填写学校、班级、姓名和座号。 2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，答案不能答在试卷上。不按要求填涂的，答案无效。 3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷上各题目指定区域内相应位置上。请注意每题答题空间，预先合理安排;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Most Beautiful Train Stations in the World Tokyo Station Marunouchi Building The wide-open entrance square on the Marunouchi side of Tokyo’s main train station would look more at home in Amsterdam or Paris. Kingo Tatsuno’s classical European design took over six years to complete, finally opening in 1914. The statin has received several facelifts since the Second World War, most recently in 2012. It’s one of the biggest and busiest train stations in the world. Beijing West Railway Station The idea of building this station in the capital of China was put forward as early as 1959 but didn’t come to reality until 1996. It was the largest station in Asia at the time, although Shanghai’s Hongqiao Station has since surpassed it. The station itself has a unique architectural (建筑的) style, with the main body of the building having quite a functional Russian look, but the rooftop is decorated with three amazing Chinese pagodas. Duoliang Station, Taiwan This is the smallest station on this lit by a distance. In fact we’re not really choosing Duoliang for architectural reasons. This station is all about location, location, location. Surrounded by hi top greenery on one side and amazing Pacific Ocean scenery on the other, it’s one of the most scenic spots in all of Taiwan. This isn’t even a working station anymore, but the platforms have been adapted into viewing spots, extremely popular with local train spotters. Stazione Milano Centrale in Milan Milan’s central train station looks pretty much exactly as you’d imagine it. There are a mix of styles at play here, from Art Nouveau to Art Deco, but the entire building is filled with a classic sense of Roman monumentality. The outer look is guarded by two statues, while its insides are equally impressive, as grand stonewalls curve (弯曲) into the station’s glass ceilings. 1. What do Tokyo Station and Beijing West Railway Station have in common? A. Both have European features. B. Both were built in the early 1990s. C. Both have been rebuilt several times. D. Both are the largest domestic stations. 2. What do train spotters favor most about Duoliang Station? A. Its distance. B. Its small size. C. Its surrounding scenery. D. Its architectural style. 3. What makes Stazione Milano Centrale impressive? A. Roman buildings B. Its various styles. C. Statues on the walls D. The curving ceilings. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上最漂亮的火车站。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tokyo Station Marunouchi Building中的“The wide-open entrance square on the Marunouchi side of Tokyo’s main train station would look more at home in Amsterdam or Paris. Kingo Tatsuno’s classical European design took over six years to complete, finally opening in 1914.(东京中央火车站之内一侧宽阔的入口广场看起来更像是阿姆斯特丹或巴黎的建筑风格。Tatsuno的古典欧式设计花了六年时间才完成，最终于1914年开放)”及Beijing West Railway Station中的“The station itself has a unique architectural (建筑的) style, with the main body of the building having quite a functional Russian look(车站本身有独特的建筑风格，建筑主体具有相当实用的俄罗斯建筑外观)”可知，两座火车站都有欧式特点。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Duoliang Station, Taiwan中的“Surrounded by hi top greenery on one side and amazing Pacific Ocean scenery on the other, it’s one of the most scenic spots in all of Taiwan.(它一边被高高的绿色植物包围，另一边是令人惊叹的太平洋风景，它是台湾最美丽的景点之一)”可知，火车爱好者最喜欢多良站周围的景色。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Stazione Milano Centrale in Milan中的“There are a mix of styles at play here, from Art Nouveau to Art Deco, but the entire building is filled with a classic sense of Roman monumentality. The outer look is guarded by two statues, while its insides are equally impressive, as grand stonewalls curve (弯曲) into the station’s glass ceilings.(从新艺术到装饰艺术，这里的风格多种多样，但整座建筑都充满了经典的罗马纪念性。车站的外部由两座雕像守护，而内部也同样令人印象深刻，宏伟的石墙与车站的玻璃天花板形成曲线)”可知，各种各样的风格使得Stazione Milano Centrale印象深刻。故选B项。 B It all started with a simple question: “Can I paint your portrait?” One day in the summer of 2015, Peterson was relaxing in his living room, reading the book Love Does, about the power of love in action, when his quiet was disturbed by a homeless man outside his apartment. Inspired by the book’s compassionate message, Peterson made a decision; he was going to go outside and introduce himself. In that first conversation, Peterson learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris. He’d moved to Southern California from Kentucky to pursue a career in music, but he soon fell on hard times and ended up living on the street for more than a decade. “I saw beauty on the face of a man who hadn’t shaved in probably a year, because his story, the life inside of him, inspired me,” Peterson recalled. Therefore, Peterson asked if he could paint Faris’ portrait. Faris agreed. Peterson’s connection with Faris led him to form Faces of Santa Ana, a nonprofit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of members of the community who are unhoused. Peterson sells the paintings for money, splitting the proceeds and putting half into a “love account” for his model. He then helps people use the money to get back on their feet. Many of Peterson’s new friends use the donations to secure immediate necessities — medical care, hotel rooms, food. Faris used the funds from his portrait to record an album, fulfilling his musical dreams. Another subject, Kimberly Sondoval, had never been able to financially support her daughter. She asked, “Can I use the money to pay my daughter’s rent?” When the check was delivered, “They both wept in my arms,” Peterson recalls. Peterson has painted 41 of these portraits himself. But there’s more to the finished products than the money they bring to someone who’s down and out. He’s discovered that the buyers tend to connect to the story of the person in the painting, finding similarities and often friendship with someone they might have otherwise overlooked or stereotyped. “People often tell me, ‘I was the one that would cross the street, but I see homeless people differently now,” Peterson says. “I didn’t know that would happen.” 4. What made Peterson start a conversation? A. The curiosity about strangers. B. The touching story of Matt Faris. C. The disturbance by a homeless man. D. The sympathetic message in Love Does. 5. What do we know about Faces of Santa Ana? A. It pays the homeless salaries. B. It is an official nonprofit organization. C. It tries to restore the lives of Peterson’s models. D. It spends all the money on helping the unhoused. 6. What does the underlined phrase “get back on their feet” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. regain their financial stability and independence B. physically recover from an injury C. become more self-confident D. return to their original home 7. How might a buyer view the homeless after buying a portrait? A. lazy and poor B. odd but inspiring C. disturbing and untidy D. pitiful but respectable 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述Peterson与无家可归者Matt Faris的相遇以及后续创立Faces of Santa Ana组织的故事，展示了Peterson如何通过绘画帮助那些生活困难的人，并改变了人们对待无家可归者的态度。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“One day in the summer of 2015, Peterson was relaxing in his living room, reading the book Love Does, about the power of love in action, when his quiet was disturbed by a homeless man outside his apartment. Inspired by the book’s compassionate message, Peterson made a decision; he was going to go outside and introduce himself. (2015年夏天的一天，Peterson正在客厅里放松，读着《Love Does》这本书，这本书讲述了爱在行动中的力量，这时他的安静被公寓外的一个无家可归的人打破了。受到书中富有同情心的信息的启发，Peterson做出了一个决定；他要到外面去做自我介绍)”可知，《Love Does》这本书中的同情信息让Peterson开始了谈话行动。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Peterson’s connection with Faris led him to form Faces of Santa Ana, a nonprofit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of members of the community who are unhoused. Peterson sells the paintings for money, splitting the proceeds and putting half into a “love account” for his model. He then helps people use the money to get back on their feet. (Peterson与Faris的联系促使他成立了Faces of Santa Ana，这是一个非营利组织，专注于帮助无家可归的社区成员，并为他们画肖像。彼得森把这些画卖掉赚钱，分成一半存入模特的“爱的账户”。然后，他帮助人们用这笔钱重新站起来。)”可知，Faces of Santa Ana是一个非营利组织，试图恢复Peterson的模特们的生活。故选C项。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第四段中的“Peterson’s connection with Faris led him to form Faces of Santa Ana, a nonprofit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of members of the community who are unhoused. Peterson sells the paintings for money, splitting the proceeds and putting half into a “love account” for his model. He then helps people use the money to (Peterson与Faris的联系促使他成立了Faces of Santa Ana，这是一个非营利组织，专注于帮助无家可归的社区成员，并为他们画肖像。Peterson把这些画卖掉赚钱，分成一半存入模特的“爱情账户”。然后，他帮助人们用这笔钱)”可知，Peterson成立的非营利组织试图恢复Peterson的模特的生活，帮助人们用这笔钱恢复经济稳定和独立，get back on their feet的含义为“恢复经济稳定和独立”。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Peterson has painted 41 of these portraits himself. But there’s more to the finished products than the money they bring to someone who’s down and out. He’s discovered that the buyers tend to connect to the story of the person in the painting, finding similarities and often friendship with someone they might have otherwise overlooked or stereotyped. (Peterson自己画了41幅这样的肖像。但成品带给落魄之人的不仅仅是金钱。他发现，买家倾向于与画中人物的故事联系起来，找到相似之处，往往与他们可能被忽视或刻板印象的人建立友谊)”可知。在买了一幅肖像后，买家之前忽视无家可归的人，现在会和他们建立友谊，所以会把无家可归者视为可怜但可敬的人。故选D项。 C Is forgiveness against our human nature? To answer our question, we need to ask a further question: What is the essence of our humanity? For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly different views of humanity. The first view involves dominance and power. In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them. The second view involves the theme of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love as the basis of who we are as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony? From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. As an important note, when we take a Classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice. 8. What is Droll’s idea about forgiveness? A. People should offer mercy to others. B. People who forgive can have their own welfare affected. C Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity. D. Aggressive people should learn to forgive. 9. What does the example in Paragraph 2 illustrate? A. To forgive is to love. B. To fight is to grow. C. To dominate is to harm. D. To give is to receive. 10. What is the writer’s attitude toward forgiveness? A. Objective. B. Reserved. C. Favorable. D. Skeptical. 11. What is message of the last paragraph? A. Forgiveness is in our nature. B. Forgiveness grows with time. C. Actuality is based on potentiality. D. It takes practice to forgive. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“原谅是否违背人类本性”这一主题进行了深入的探讨和论证，通过对比不同的人类本性观点，分析了原谅在个体和社区中的作用和意义。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them. (在一篇关于宽恕心理学的早期论文中，Droll(1984)提出了一个有趣的观点，即人类的本质比宽恕所允许的更具攻击性。那些宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害。在他看来，宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福，而这些人可能会利用他们。)”可知，Droll认为宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们造成了很大的伤害，他认为宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时，也在损害自己的幸福。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段所举例子上文“Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. (研究人员发现，为了全面成长为人类，我们既需要从别人那里接受爱，也需要向别人提供爱。没有爱，我们与生活中各种各样的人的联系就会破裂。甚至常识也强烈表明，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动。)”可知，没有爱，我们与他人的联系就会破裂，控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动；奴隶制是一个基于对他人的支配和控制的制度，它造成了大量的伤害和痛苦。“For example, how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony? (例如，奴隶制作为社会和谐的一种模式发挥了多大的作用?)”通过以奴隶社会举例，以反问的方式，来阐明试图通过支配和权力来控制他人并不能带来真正的和谐或幸福，即控制就是伤害。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. (从作为人类的第二种观点来看，宽恕在个人和社区的生理和心理完整性方面都起着关键作用，因为科学研究表明，宽恕的结果之一是减少仇恨，恢复和谐。宽恕可以打破愤怒的循环。至少在某种程度上，与你疏远的人接受你的爱和宽恕，并准备做出必要的调整。宽恕可以治愈人际关系，重新连接人际关系。)”可知，作者认为原谅在个体和社区生物学和心理学完整性中的关键作用，指出原谅能够减少仇恨、恢复和谐，并且能够打破愤怒的循环。作者还提到原谅可以治愈关系，让人们重新建立联系。这些观点都表明作者对于原谅持有支持的态度。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“As an important note, when we take a Classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice. (值得注意的是，当我们从古典哲学的角度，即亚里士多德的角度来看，我们会看到潜在性和现实性之间的区别。我们不一定天生就有宽恕的能力，但我们有潜力去学习宽恕，并在宽恕的能力中成长。宽恕的现实性，它在冲突情境中的实际运用，是随着实践而发展的。)”可知，最后一段主要传达了原谅需要实践的信息。作者通过引用古典哲学中关于潜在性和实际性的观点，指出我们并不是天生就具备原谅的能力，而是需要通过学习和实践来培养和发展这种能力。因此，原谅并不是一种自然而然的行为，而是需要我们付出努力去实践的。故选D。 D Do you have a brain for math? New research indicates that levels of two key neurotransmitters (脑神经传递素) — glutamate (谷氨酸) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)can predict mathematical abilities, suggesting brain chemistry may be playing a role in those who find math easy. The new study, published in the journal PLOS Biology, recruited 255 subjects extending a range of six-year olds in primary school to university students. The research focused on glutamate and GABA, known to play a role in brain plasticity (可塑性) and learning. Based on prior research, the focus was on two brain regions linked with mathematical abilities — the left intraparietal sulcus (IPS 顶叶内沟) and the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG 脑额中回). The results were interestingly different. In the youngest subjects high GABA levels and low glutamate levels in the left IPS were consistently associated with high math skills. But in the older university group the exact opposite was seen: low GABA and high glutamate were linked with strong mathematical abilities. Levels of both neurotransmitters in the MFG did not associate with math skills. The group was tested twice over 18 months, allowing the researchers to see if these neurotransmitter levels could predict mathematical ability into the future. And it worked, with neurotransmitter levels effectively predicting one’s success on math tests completed a year and a half later. Another recent study from the same research team looked specifically at GABA levels in MFG of 14 to 18 year olds. That research indicated MFG GABA levels could effectively predict whether a student was still studying maths or had ceased that subject years prior. Cohen Kadosh, one of the researchers working on the study, says this may indicate math education can help stimulate the development of key brain regions. Further research will work on whether certain learning interventions can help those children less interested in math so these brain regions still get the developmental workout they need. “Not every adolescent enjoys maths so we need to investigate possible alternatives, such as training in logic and reasoning that engage the same brain area as maths,” says Cohen Kadosh. 12. What is the new study aimed at? A. Exploring mental development of the subjects. B. Finding the tie between brain chemistry and math. C Testing the link between brain regions. D. Revealing the structure of brain. 13. What can be learned from the findings? A. The levels of GABA decide one’s math skills. B. Low MFG glutamate means poor math ability. C. Neurotransmitters in the MFG affect math skills. D. Math education may help with brain development. 14. What can better math education according to Cohen Kadosh? A. Studying more possible options. B. Tracing slow learners’ early learning. C. Training math learners respectively. D. Developing key relevant brain areas. 15. What can be the best title of the text? A. Factors Affecting Math Skills B. Ways to Promote Math Education C. Brain Activities Involved in Math Study D. Math Ability Predicted by Neurotransmitters 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新的研究。研究表明，谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)这两种关键神经递质的水平可以预测数学能力，这表明大脑化学可能在那些认为数学容易的人中发挥作用。数学教育可能有助于大脑发育，同时开发关键的相关大脑区域能更好地进行数学教育。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“New research indicates that levels of two key neurotransmitters (脑神经传递素)—glutamate (谷氨酸) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)can predict mathematical abilities, suggesting brain chemistry may be playing a role in those who find math easy. (新的研究表明，谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)这两种关键神经递质的水平可以预测数学能力，这表明大脑化学可能在那些认为数学容易的人中发挥作用。)”可知，这项新研究的目的是找出大脑化学和数学之间的联系。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。文章倒数第二段讲到“Cohen Kadosh, one of the researchers working on the study, says this may indicate math education can help stimulate the development of key brain regions (参与这项研究的研究人员之一Cohen Kadosh表示，这可能表明数学教育有助于刺激大脑关键区域的发育)”可知，从这些发现中可以得知数学教育可能有助于大脑发育。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。文章倒数第二段讲到“Further research will work on whether certain learning interventions can help those children less interested in math so these brain regions still get the developmental workout they need. (进一步的研究将着眼于某些学习干预措施是否可以帮助那些对数学不太感兴趣的孩子，使这些大脑区域仍然得到他们需要的发展锻炼)”可知，某些学习干预措施可以使得这些大脑区域得到发展锻炼。因此，Cohen Kadosh认为，开发关键的相关大脑区域能更好地进行数学教育。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一项新的研究。研究表明，谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)这两种关键神经递质的水平可以预测数学能力，这表明大脑化学可能在那些认为数学容易的人中发挥作用。数学教育可能有助于大脑发育，同时开发关键的相关大脑区域能更好地进行数学教育。文章第一段讲到“New research indicates that levels of two key neurotransmitters (脑神经传递素)—glutamate (谷氨酸) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)can predict mathematical abilities, suggesting brain chemistry may be playing a role in those who find math easy. (新的研究表明，谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)这两种关键神经递质的水平可以预测数学能力，这表明大脑化学可能在那些认为数学容易的人中发挥作用。)”可知，本文的最佳标题是：神经递质预测的数学能力。故选D。 第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Everyone knows that early to bed and early to rise is good for your health. Having maintained adequate sleep, people can keep themselves refreshed and dynamic. ____16____ Here are some steps to take to become a morning person on a freezing day. Seek out as much natural light as possible. ____17____ When you wake up, go outside for a relaxed walk around the block, or sit out back while you have a cup of coffee. To avoid being in a sleep state all along, you’d better rethink the black-out curtains you might use to make a very dark sleeping environment. ____18____ If you fly straight into getting up at your desired time every day you’ll feel tired during the transition within a few weeks. For some people, those first few days of exhaustion from switching to a new schedule aren’t safe and hard to bear. In that case, gradually ease into the early-bird life. They are supposed to shift half an hour, wait a few days, shift another half an hour, wait a few days, and then shift another half an hour. ____19____ De-stress and relax in the evenings. A consistent bedtime isn’t as crucial as sticking to the same wake up time every day, but it’s still important to make sure you’re getting enough sleep. ____20____ So you’ll probably need to inch your bedtime forward as you transition to a new schedule. Start at least an hour before you hit the bed and cut back on stuff related to daily life. With all these tips, you’re not dreading it if you think of getting up early on a chilly winter. A. Cultivate the habit gradually. B. That’s a little easier for people to tolerate. C. The sun is the driver of our internal clock. D. Get rid of the previous sleep patterns instantly. E. Therefore, developing a healthy sleeping habit is of great significance. F. Without sufficient hours of sleep, the mind and body can’t properly recharge. G. However, it usually takes a lot of willpower to get out of bed early on a winter’s day. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。早睡早起有益健康，但生活中，晚起对许多人来说是常态。文章为读者推荐了“无痛早起”4条指南。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Everyone knows that early to bed and early to rise is good for your health. Having maintained adequate sleep, people can keep themselves refreshed and dynamic. (每个人都知道早睡早起对你的健康有好处。保持充足的睡眠，人们可以使自己精神焕发，充满活力。)”以及后文“Here are some steps to take to become a morning person on a freezing day. (这里有一些步骤，让你在寒冷的天气里成为一个早起的人。)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出在冬天早起存在困难。故G选项“然而，在冬天早起通常需要很大的意志力。”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Seek out as much natural light as possible. (尽可能多地寻找自然光。)”以及后文“When you wake up, go outside for a relaxed walk around the block, or sit out back while you have a cup of coffee. To avoid being in a sleep state all along, you’d better rethink the black-out curtains you might use to make a very dark sleeping environment. (当你醒来的时候，到外面走走，绕着街区放松一下，或者坐在外面喝杯咖啡。为了避免一直处于睡眠状态，你最好重新考虑一下你可能用来制造非常黑暗的睡眠环境的遮光窗帘。)”可知，本句说明寻找自然光的原因。故C选项“太阳是我们生物钟的驱动者。”符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 根据后文“If you fly straight into getting up at your desired time every day, you’ll feel tired during the transition within a few weeks. For some people, those first few days of exhaustion from switching to a new schedule aren’t safe and hard to bear. In that case, gradually ease into the early-bird life. They are supposed to shift half an hour, wait a few days, shift another half an hour, wait a few days, and then shift another half an hour. (如果你每天都在你想要的时间起床，你会在几周内感到疲倦。对一些人来说，转换到一个新时间表的头几天的疲惫是不安全的，难以忍受的。在这种情况下，逐渐进入早起鸟的生活。他们应该换班半小时，等几天，再换班半小时，等几天，然后再换班半小时。)”可知，后文主要说明了培养早起的习惯需要时间。故A选项“逐渐培养这个习惯。”符合语境，故选A。 【19题详解】 根据上文“For some people, those first few days of exhaustion from switching to a new schedule aren’t safe and hard to bear. In that case, gradually ease into the early-bird life. They are supposed to shift half an hour, wait a few days, shift another half an hour, wait a few days, and then shift another half an hour. (对一些人来说，转换到一个新时间表的头几天的疲惫是不安全的，难以忍受的。在这种情况下，逐渐进入早起鸟的生活。他们应该换班半小时，等几天，再换班半小时，等几天，然后再换班半小时。)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明上文的做法的好处。故B选项“这对人们来说更容易忍受。”符合语境，故选B。 【20题详解】 根据上文“De-stress and relax in the evenings. A consistent bedtime isn’t as crucial as sticking to the same wake up time every day, but it’s still important to make sure you’re getting enough sleep. (晚上减压放松。固定的就寝时间并不像每天坚持相同的起床时间那么重要，但确保你得到足够的睡眠仍然很重要。)”可知，本句主要说明充足睡眠的重要性。故F选项“没有充足的睡眠时间，身心就不能正常充电。”符合语境，故选F。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I know next to nothing about baseball. When in the field during P. E. as a boy, I ___21___ the ball wouldn’t come to me. Catching it seemed a(n) ___22___ task for me. Yet I later became the father of two boys, Will and Tim (8 and 5), who were both ___23___ in baseball. When playing with Will, thanks to my weak arm, the ball often ___24___ before he could catch it. After many ___25___ one day, he said, “How am I ever going to ___26___ the major leagues?” “You got the ___27___ dad, kid,” I thought. Baseball isn’t my cup of tea. Still, I wanted to give my kids ___28___ on the field. The official Little League in my area was super- competitive and primarily ___29___ older boys. What if we had something more ___30___, welcoming boys and girls, and younger ones? The idea echoed in my mind for days, forcing me to pluck up courage to call the department ___31___, inquiring about starting a baseball league. What if they said no? I got butterflies in my stomach. But to my relief, they responded ___32___. Our league was ___33___. And I became the most unlikely baseball commissioner (专员) ever. Many years have passed. Now Will and Tim are ___34___ themselves, and I can’t wait to see what they’ll have to do. I know better than anyone: Parenthood calls you to do the most ___35___ things. 21. A. suggested B. prayed C. begged D. demanded 22. A. impossible B. effortless C. easy D. straightforward 23. A. weak B. skillful C. disappointed D. interested 24. A. dropped B. rose C. bounced D. disappeared 25. A. catches B. misses C. tests D. dangers 26. A. deserve B. admit C. make D. reach 27. A. wrong B. strong C. right D. poor 28. A. advice B. happiness C. confidence D. goals 29. A. refused B. admired C. required D. targeted 30. A. challenging B. low-key C. reliable D. appealing 31. A. in charge B. off duty C. under control D. at hand 32. A. eagerly B. doubtfully C. proudly D. positively 33. A. rejected B. held C. stopped D. founded 34. A. coaches B. fathers C. players D. officials 35. A. interesting B. rewarding C. unlikely D. meaningful 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一个对棒球知之甚少的父亲，如何为了满足自己孩子的兴趣而参与到创建一个更加包容的儿童棒球联盟的过程。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个男孩在体育课上在场上时，我祈祷球不会到我这里来。A. suggested建议；B. prayed祈祷；C. begged恳求；D. demanded要求。根据前文的“I know next to nothing about baseball.”和后文“Catching it seemed an 2 task for me.”、“When playing with Will, thanks to my weak arm”可知，作者对棒球几乎一无所知，认为接住球是一项困难的任务，因此他祈祷球不要到他这里来，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接住它对我来说似乎是一项不可能的任务。A. impossible不可能的；B. effortless不费力气的；C. easy容易的；D. straightforward直接的。根据前文“Catching it seemed”和后文“When playing with Will, thanks to my weak arm”可知，接住球对作者来说是一项困难的任务，因此用impossible表示“不可能的”，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我后来成了两个男孩的父亲，威尔和蒂姆（8岁和5岁），他们都对棒球感兴趣。A. weak虚弱的；B. skillful熟练的；C. disappointed失望的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据前文“Catching it seemed a(n) 2 task for me. Yet I later became the father of two boys, Will and Tim (8 and 5), who were both”可知，作者不喜欢棒球，然而作者的两个儿子都对棒球感兴趣，因此用interested表示“感兴趣的”，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：和威尔一起玩的时候，因为我的手臂力量弱，球经常在他接住之前就落下了。A. dropped落下；B. rose上升；C. bounced反弹；D. disappeared消失。根据前文“thanks to my weak arm”可知，作者的手臂力量弱，这里指作者不擅长接球，因此球经常在他接住之前就落下了，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多次失误之后，有一天他说：“我怎么能加入大联盟呢？”A. catches接住；B. misses未击中；C. tests测试；D. dangers危险。根据前文的“When playing with Will, thanks to my weak arm, the ball often 4 before he could catch it.”可知，威尔在多次未击中后，问作者如何进入大联盟，因此这里用misses表示“未击中”，故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. deserve值得；B. admit承认；C. make加入（团队），成为（一员）；D. reach提升到（某一水平、速度等）。根据后文“the major leagues”可知，威尔问的是如何加入大联盟，因此用make，故选C。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“孩子，你找错爸爸了，”我想。A. wrong错误的；B. strong强壮的；C. right正确的；D. poor贫穷的。根据后文的“Baseball isn’t my cup of tea.”可知，作者认为自己在棒球方面不擅长，没办法帮助儿子，因此作者认为威尔有一个不擅长棒球的爸爸，即错误的爸爸，故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是想让我的孩子们在球场上有信心。A. advice建议；B. happiness幸福；C. confidence信心；D. goals目标。根据前文的“How am I ever going to 6 the major leagues?”和后文“The official Little League in my area was super- competitive and primarily 9 older boys. What if we had something more 10 , welcoming boys and girls, and younger ones?”可知，孩子没有信心，作者想为孩子们做些事情，帮助孩子们在棒球上获得信心，故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所在地区的官方小联盟超级有竞争力，主要针对年龄较大的男孩。A. refused拒绝；B. admired钦佩；C. required要求；D. targeted针对。根据前文“The official Little League in my area was super-competitive and primarily”的后文的“older boys”可知，官方小联盟超级有竞争力，却主要针对年龄较大的男孩，用targeted表示“针对”，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我们有一些更低调的东西，欢迎男孩和女孩，还有更小的孩子呢？A. challenging有挑战性的；B. low-key低调的；C. reliable可靠的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据后文“welcoming boys and girls, and younger ones”可知，作者想为孩子们创造一个更低调的东西，允许男孩和女孩，还有更小的孩子加入。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个想法在我的脑海中回荡了好几天，迫使我鼓起勇气打电话给负责部门，询问是否可以成立一个棒球联盟。A. in charge负责；B. off duty下班；C. under control在控制之下；D. at hand在手头。根据后文“inquiring about starting a baseball league”可知，作者想成立一个棒球联盟，因此需要打电话给负责此事的部门，用in charge表示“负责”，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但令我宽慰的是，他们积极地回应了。A. eagerly渴望地；B. doubtfully怀疑地；C. proudly自豪地；D. positively积极地。根据前文“What if they said no?”、“But to my relief”和后文的“Our league was 13 . And I became the most unlikely baseball commissioner (专员) ever.”可知，作者原本担心他们会拒绝，但结果他们积极地回应了，作者建立了新的联盟，因此用positively表示“积极地”，故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的联盟成立了。A. rejected拒绝；B. held举行；C. stopped停止；D. founded成立。根据后文“And I became the most unlikely baseball commissioner (专员) ever.”可知，作者成为了棒球专员，说明他们的联盟成立了，因此用founded表示“成立”，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在威尔和蒂姆都是父亲了，我迫不及待地想看到他们会做什么。A. coaches教练；B. fathers父亲；C. players球员；D. officials官员。根据前文“Many years have passed. Now Will and Tim are”和后文的“I can’t wait to see what they’ll have to do. I know better than anyone: Parenthood calls you to do the most 15 things.”可知，许多年过去了，作者的两个儿子现在成为了父亲，作者想看看他们会怎们做，为人父母要求你做最不可能的事情。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我比任何人都清楚：为人父母要求你做最不可能的事情。A. interesting有趣的；B. rewarding有益的；C. unlikely不可能的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据前文“You got the 7 dad, kid”和“Still, I wanted to give my kids 8 on the field.”、“I know better than anyone: Parenthood calls you to do the most”可知，作者虽不擅长棒球，但是努力想办法帮助孩子们获得信心，为人父母要求你做最不可能的事情，故选C。 第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Wang Wenbin promoting the “Chinese War Dance” program on his social media account on April 6th, Chaoshan Yingge Dance has once again gained widespread attention, ___36___(win) hearts of fans overseas as well as the younger generations in China. Dating back to the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), the Yingger Dance, ___37___ intangible cultural heritage, is a vibrant combination of folklore, martial arts, and music. It is also known as the “Dance of the Heroes”, ___38___(base) on the story of the heroes of Liangshan ___39___ attacked the Damingfu during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). The exaggerated makeup and brightly colored costumes transform the ___40___(perform) into the marching ancient heroes. What sets Yingge Dance apart is its deep connection to the community. It’s not just a dance; it’s a living, breathing proof of Chaoshan’s cultural identity and also ___41___(serve) as a platform for promoting physical fitness, discipline, and teamwork. During festivals and celebrations, entire villages come together to perform. Young and old alike train ___42___(diligent), sharpening their skills under the guidance of ___43___(experience) masters, ensuring that this precious cultural heritage endures for generations ___44___(come). In conclusion, the Chaoshan Yingge Dance is a treasure of history, art, and community spirit. Just ___45___ Mr. Wan put it, “it is a traditional performance that honors ancestral wisdom and expresses hopes for a bright future, reflecting values of righteousness and strength”. 【答案】36. winning 37. an 38. based 39. who##that 40. performers 41. serves 42. diligently 43 experienced 44. to come 45. as 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了潮汕英歌舞作为非物质文化遗产，融合了民俗、武术和音乐，因外交部发言人推广而再次引起关注，展现了潮汕地区的文化身份，并促进了社区凝聚力。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：4月6日，随着外交部发言人王文斌在其社交媒体账户上推广“中国战舞”节目，潮汕莺歌再次受到广泛关注，赢得了海外粉丝和中国年轻一代的心。has gained为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词，句子主语Chaoshan Yingge Dance和win为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式，作结果状语。故填winning。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：莺歌舞起源于明朝 (960-1279) ，是一种非物质文化遗产，是民间传说、武术和音乐的生动结合。根据空后名词短语intangible cultural heritage可知，空处需填冠词，构成名词短语，作同位语，补充说明 the Yingger Dance的内容，此处表示泛指，intangible发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它也被称为“英雄之舞”，根据宋代 (960-1279) 梁山英雄袭击大明府的故事改编。is known as为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词，主语it和动词base之间为动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填based。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它也被称为“英雄之舞”，根据宋代 (960-1279) 梁山英雄袭击大明府的故事改编。空处引导限制性定语从句，空处指代先行词the heroes，指人，在从句中作主语，需用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：夸张的妆容和色彩鲜艳的服装将表演者变成了行进中的古代英雄。本题考查固定短语transform...into...，意为“将……变成……”，空处需填名词作宾语，perform为动词，其名词为performer，本题中空处和heroes相对应，需填名词复数形式作宾语。故填performers。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这不仅仅是一场舞蹈；这是潮汕文化身份的生动证明，也是促进身体健康、纪律和团队合作的平台。根据and可知，空处与谓语动词is并列，一起作谓语，时态为一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填serves。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：无论老少，都在经验丰富的大师的指导下勤奋训练，磨练自己的技能，确保这一宝贵的文化遗产代代相传。空处修饰动词train ，需用副词形式。故填diligently。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：无论老少，都在经验丰富的大师的指导下勤奋训练，磨练自己的技能，确保这一宝贵的文化遗产代代相传。根据空后名词masters可知，空处需填形容词作定语，experience的形容词为experienced，意为“有经验的”。故填experienced。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：无论老少，都在经验丰富的大师的指导下勤奋训练，磨练自己的技能，确保这一宝贵的文化遗产代代相传。train为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词，作后置定语，generations和动词come之间为主谓关系，且表示将来，故用动词不定式作后置定语。generations to come，意为“子孙后代”。故填to come。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：正如万先生所说，“这是一种传统的表演，它尊重祖先的智慧，表达了对美好未来的希望，反映了正义和力量的价值观”。空处需填连词，引导方式状语从句，意为“正如”。故填as。 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假设你是高中生李华，在刚刚结束的暑假期间，你积极参与了一项社会实践活动，让你在多个方面有了深刻的体会和收获。请给你的英国好友Eric写一封信，分享你的这次独特经历。你的信应包括以下内容： 1．你参加的活动； 2．你的感受和收获。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Eric, How are you doing? I hope this letter finds you well. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Eric, How are you doing? I hope this letter finds you well. During the recently concluded summer vacation, I embarked on an extraordinary journey of social practice that has profoundly shaped my perspectives and enriched my life in ways I never imagined. I participated in a community service program focused on environmental conservation. Alongside a group of dedicated volunteers, we planted trees in the barren hills surrounding our town, cleaned up riverside litter. This experience taught me the value of teamwork and perseverance. I realized that true happiness lies not just in personal achievements but also in contributing positively to the world around us. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生英国好友Eric写一封信，分享社会实践活动的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 非凡的：extraordinary→outstanding 参加：participate in→take part in 关注：focus on→concentrate on 成就：achievement→accomplishment 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I participated in a community service program focused on environmental conservation. 拓展句：I participated in a community service program, which was focused on environmental conservation. 【点睛】[高分句型1] During the recently concluded summer vacation, I embarked on an extraordinary journey of social practice that has profoundly shaped my perspectives and enriched my life in ways I never imagined. (运用了that引导定语从句) [高分句型2] I realized that true happiness lies not just in personal achievements but also in contributing positively to the world around us. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a sunny Friday morning, Mr. Stone, the Grade 4 head teacher, walked into the classroom with a new student following him. She was a lively girl from Mexico, and her red mushroom hair cut immediately drew everyone’s eyes. With a welcoming smile, Mr. Stone gestured for her to sit beside Mike, a student known for teasing others. During break time, Mike couldn’t help but laugh when he caught sight of his new deskmate. Sara’s distinctive hairstyle seemed like an open invitation for him to make fun of her. Leaning in towards Sara, he playfully suggested, “Hey, Sara. Ever thought about changing your name to Dora? You look just like Dora the Explorer!” His words caused laughter and cheers from the others in the classroom. Sara’s eyes filled with tears, her cheeks turning red with embarrassment. Feeling hurt and upset, she stood up suddenly, rushing to the teacher’s office to seek support from Mr. Stone. After hearing her story, Mr. Stone offered her gentle comfort, saying, “Sara, your hairstyle is truly pretty. Remember, everyone has their own sense of beauty.” Mr. Stone then directed his attention to Mike, expressing his disappointment and urging Mike to apologize to Sara. “Mike,” he continued, “your actions were unkind. We must treat everyone with empathy(同情). Laughing at Sara’s hair has deeply hurt her.” This conflict was temporarily settled, but Mr. Stone found himself lost in thought. Reflecting on his own childhood, Mr. Stone recalled how he had been teased for being overweight. The pain caused by hurtful words was like wrinkles on a crumpled(压皱的)ball of paper. Even if you smoothed them out, the wrinkles stayed. He wanted to teach an important lesson to Mike, the troublemaker. Then, a unique strategy came to mind. He contacted Mike’s mother, explaining the situation and discussing a plan with her to develop empathy in her son. They agreed that over the weekend, Mike’s mother would arrange for Mike to have his hair cut extremely short. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On Monday morning, Mike unwillingly approached the classroom. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At that moment, Mr. Stone walked into the classroom with a ball of paper. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】On Monday morning, Mike unwillingly approached the classroom. Feeling nervous and embarrassed, his heart was heavy with worry that his classmates would tease him. His hair had been cut so short that the skin under the hair was nearly visible. As he stepped through the door，the room erupted in giggles, nicknaming him “Baldy.” A few curious boys came up and attempted to touch his newly shaved head. Overwhelmed by shame and anger, Mike shouted out, “You are mean!” Tears welled up in his eyes as Mike stood up and ran towards the door. At that moment, Mr. Stone walked into the classroom with a ball of paper. With a gentle pat on Mike’s shoulder, he guided him back to his seat. As Mr. Stone made his way to the platform, the room fell silent. Holding up the crumpled ball of paper, he began to smooth out its wrinkles. “Each fold represented a scar of hurtful words. Even when we try to apologize,” Mr. Stone explained softly, “the wounds remain. Let us always speak with kindness and warmth.” From that day on, Mike learned a valuable lesson: the importance of kindness and empathy. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了小学四年级的班主任Mr. Stone在一次课间休息时发现新学生Sara被同学Mike因为发型而嘲笑，感到伤心。Mr. Stone不仅安慰了Sara，还教育了Mike要尊重他人，对Mike进行了深刻的反思，想起自己童年也曾因体重被嘲笑。为了帮助Mike理解别人的感受，Mr. Stone与Mike的母亲合作，计划让Mike体验被嘲笑的滋味，通过这种方式培养他的同理心。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“星期一早上，Mike不情愿地走近教室。”可知，第一段可描写他走进教室后被同学们嘲笑，还有同学给他起外号，他羞愧且愤怒的跑出教室。 ②由第二段首句内容“就在这时，Mr. Stone先生拿着一团纸走进了教室。”可知，第二段可描写引导Mike回到座位，用褶皱的纸形象的说明伤人的话语对人造成的伤害，以及Mike的感悟。 2.续写线索：走进教室——嘲笑——羞愧——跑出教室——回到座位——褶皱的纸——伤人的话语——宝贵一课——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①嘲笑：tease/joke about/mock ②引导：guide/direct/conduct ③大喊：shout/cry out/scream 情绪类 ①紧张的：nervous/anxious/worried ②愤怒：anger/rage/irritation 【点睛】[高分句型1] Feeling nervous and embarrassed, his heart was heavy with worry that his classmates would tease him. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] As Mr. Stone made his way to the platform, the room fell silent. (运用了As引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$