考点36 语法填空之无提示词 （核心考点精讲精练）-备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（新高考通用）

考点36语法填空之无提示词（核心考点精讲精练） 1. 高考真题考点分布 年份 卷别 词数 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 非谓语 名词 形容词副词 代词 介词 冠词 数词 并列句 连词 2024 新课标I卷 243 1 2 3 1 　 1 1 　 　 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 220 2 3 2 　 　 1 　 　 1 1 全国甲卷 223 2 1 2 1 1 1 　 　 　 2 2023 新课标I卷 203 　 4 　 2 1 1 1 　 1 　 新课标Ⅱ卷 211 1 1 2 2 　 1 1 　 1 1 全国甲卷 220 1 3 1 1 　 2 　 1 　 1 全国乙卷 201 2 3 1 1 　 1 　 　 1 1 2022 新课标I卷 229 2 2 1 1 　 1 1 　 1 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 225 2 2 1 2 　 　 　 1 1 1 全国甲卷 219 1 3 1 2 　 1 1 　 　 1 全国乙卷 222 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 　 1 　 2. 命题规律及备考策略 【命题规律】 从近3年命题上看，考查形式包括有提示词(6～7个)和无提示词(3～4个)两种。有提示词的考向主要有：名词的单复数、谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副词的级别、词性转换等；无提示词的考向主要有；介词、冠词、连接词、代词等：且每空只能填一个单词。 【备考策略】 1．利用体裁特点解题 快速通读整篇文章，了解其体裁特征，理清其逻辑关系，初步摸清文章的主题、大意、时态、写法等，给分析句子和填空提供可靠的逻辑推理依据。 2．利用句法分析解题 语法填空主要是从语法角度入手，对句子结构进行分析。简单句要分析其成分是否完整；每种成分由什么样的词性来充当；复合句要弄清从句的作用以及主从句之间的逻辑关系；特殊句式要分析是否符合其固定的格式。 3．利用习惯搭配解题 英语中有许多固定的词组、短语和句型，在通读全文的基础上，认真分析句子结构，准确辨识句子中的这些固定搭配，利用平时的积累，基本上凭语感就可以解题。 4．利用语篇标志解题 语篇是一系列连续的语段或句子所构成的语言整体，其中各成分之间，在形式上是衔接的，在语义上是连贯的。起到语篇之间联系作用的词语就是语篇标志。如：firstly、secondly、next等表示次序和列举；again、moreover、what is more等表示递进：similarly、equally、as with等表示相似；so、altogether、thus、in short等表示总结等。利用这些语篇标志有助于准确把握句子之间的逻辑关系，弄清文章的来龙去脉。 3.【命题预测】 从近三年命题的发展趋势来看，预测2025年高考语法填空长难句进一步增加，强化考生英语的实际运用能力、理解能力和逻辑推理能力的综合考查。另外，语法填空题命题突出语境，命题包含“词、句、篇”三个层面，彰显“无语境不命题”。 必备基础知识： 01 考点一 填介词 语法填空题对介词的考查形式为纯空格，即无提示词，考点主要集中在介词的基本用法和含介词的固定搭配的用法上。要求考生正确理解句意，平时注意积累名词、形容词、动词与介词的固定搭配。 首先，分析句子结构： 名词或代词或what从句在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词；空格放在名词前后时，应考虑名词与介词的搭配；空格放在不及物动词后名词前时，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；空格放在形容词后名词前时，应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。 无提示词填空对介词的考查两点： ① 介词的基本用法（如at、in、on表示时间，by、before、after、till/until表示时间，by、in、on、with表示“使用……工具、方式、手段”等）， ② 固定搭配中的介词：介词与名词、介词与动词、介词与形容词或副词之间的固定搭配（如：by chance碰巧，on average平均，in vain徒劳；adapt to适应，account for说明……的原因，come across遇见，remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事；be curious about对……好奇的，be popular with受……的欢迎，be proud of因……而自豪的，be rich in富含……的）。 介词常见用法（具体参考本专辑专题 考点04） 时间 介词 in (表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等), on (表示某一天或星期几,指明具体的时间), at (表示特定的时间、节日、年龄), by (…的时候、到、等到…已经等,用在天、时间的前面) 1. in 与after的用法区别：A.介词in+一段时间用于一般将来时。B.介词after+一段时间用于一般过去时。C.介词after+时间点常用于一般将来时。 2. for与since的用法区别：A.介词for表示一段时间。B.介词since表示从过去某一时间以来。 3. during与for的用法区别：A.当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during。B.如果一段时间不明确则用介词for。 4. before与by的用法区别：A.介词before表示“在…之前”。B.介词by表示“到…时为止,不迟于…”。 地点介词 in, at, on, to 1.at 与in 的用法区别：at表示较小的地方，如家、村、乡村等。in表示较大的地方，如大城市、国家、洲等。 2. at与on的用法区别：at用于门牌号。on用于路名。 3.in, on, to的用法区别：in表示“包含”，如：Beijing is in the north of China. on表示“紧邻”，如:Canada lies on the north of the U.S. to表示“没接触”，如：France lies to the south of England. 方式介词 with, in, by in, with, by的用法区别：in表示“用材料、语言”。如： Can you say it in English? with表示“用工具、某物”如: with a pen。 by表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”。如：He prefers traveling by car. 方位介词 at, in, on, to, beneath, over, under, above, below, in front of / in the front of / behind, between / among, over/across/through 1.in, on, at 的用法区别：in表示“排、行、组”。on表示“左、右”。at表示“前、后”。  2. on, over, above的用法区别：on表示一物放在另一物上面两者紧贴在一起。over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系，即“在…上方”。介词above表示一般的“高于….”，“在…之上”。 3. under与below的用法区别：under是over的反义词即“在…下方”。below是above的反义词即“低于…” , “在…之下”。 4. across, through, over, past的用法区别：across着重于“从—头或—边到另—头或另—边”，强调从表面穿过。through着重于“穿越” ，强调从一定的空间内穿过。over多表示从“上方越过”。past表示从“面前经过” 。 其他 1.当表示时间的词前有this, that时，其前面不用介词，如：this morning 2.当表示时间的词前有next时，其前面不用介词，如: next Sunday 3.当表示时间的词前有last时，其前面不用介词，如：last Sunday 4.当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, some或all时，其前面不用介词，如：You can come any day. 1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route… 【解析】考查介词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 【答案】as。 2.（2024全国甲卷）This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved __________all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. 【解析】考查介词。句意同上。介词for表目的，表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。故填for。 【答案】for。 【2024届广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模】“On that patch of grass, I could connect with living plants and animals, allowing me to refresh my mind and heal 10 the stresses of the workplace,” Huang said. 10．【答案】from 【解析】考查介词。句意：黄说：“在草坪上，我能感到和动植物联结，让我感觉头脑清醒，从工作压力中恢复过来。”heal from“从……康复、恢复”，固定短语。故填from。 02 考点二 填连词 如果个单词、短语、句子之间存在并列、转折、选择或因果关系，则考虑填入并列连词。如果设空处所填单词要引导从句，首先要看它引导哪种从句，然后根据引导词的种类和功能确定填哪个引导词。 1考查并列连词 空格前后的两个或几个内容在句中充当相同的成分或发挥相同的作用时，填并列连词。 ① 并列或顺承关系用and；转折关系用but；选择关系用or；因果关系用so (前因后果），for（前果后因）；对比关系用while。 ② 还要注意连词的固定搭配：both … and … ；not only … but (also) … ; neither … nor … ; either … or … 等。 2考查引导状语从句的从属连词  若空格和空格后的内容能构成一个句子且该句子同时在另外一个句子中充当某个成分时，则空格填适当的从属连词来引导相应的从句。表示条件用if, unless；表示让步用although, though；表示原因用because, as, since；表示结果用so… that…，such … that …；表示时间用when, while, as, before, after；表示地点用where, wherever；表示目的用so that，in order that；表示方式用as, as if等。 3考查引导名词性从句的连词 引导名词性从句的连词that不充当句子成分又无任何意义，whether或if不充当句子成分，意思是“是否”。在介词后或者后面紧跟or not时，只能用whether，不能用if。 1） 副词的判断 引导定语从句的关系副词when指代时间名词，在定语从句中作时间状语；where代指地点名词，在定语从句中作地点状语；why代指表示原因的名词，在定语从句中作原因状语。也会关注固定句型中的副词，如too… to … , so … that … 等。 2） 助动词的判断 如果句子结构完整，设空处后面是动词原形，尤其是上下文不是现在时或主语是第三人称单数时，则很可能填表示强调、疑问或倒装的助动词。 语法填空题既考查考生的语言知识也考查考生的语言技能。答题时既要考虑上下文语境和设空所在句的句意，也要分析空格处要填的词在语句中的的句子成分，还要依据固定搭配解题，因为冠词、介词、连词、代词和副词的固定搭配都是高频考点。 1.（2024新课标I卷）Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ________ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 【解析】考查连词。句意：…Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。 【答案】and。 2.（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 【解析】考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。 【答案】or。 3.（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is _________ they need an English trainer. 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 【答案】why 【2024届广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模】According to 2the 25-year-old from Shanghai, establishing this group was just a spur-of-the-moment decision, 3 she didn’t invest much time in managing it afterwards. 【答案】and 【解析】考查连词。句意：据这位来自上海的25岁女孩说，创建这个小组只是一个偶然的决定，之后她并没有在里面花太多时间。前后文是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 03 考点三 填冠词 冠词是语法填空的高频考点，经常考查不定冠词a, an和定冠词the的基本用法和固定搭配。首先看空格后是否有名词，有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an；有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the；还要看是否是固定搭配。 种类 常见用法 不定冠词 (a / an) 1. 修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指。以元音音素开头的单词前需要用an，而以辅音音素开头的单词前用a。如：an apple, a banana, an umbrella。 2. 与序数词连用，表示再一，又一”。如：You can try it a second time if you fail. 3. 固定搭配。如：all of a sudden; as a matter of fact; as a result; as a rule; as a whole; at a distance; in a way。 定冠词 (the) 1. 表复指上文提到过的人或物。如：We have a cat and two dogs. The cat is black and the dogs are white. 2. 表特指说话双方都知道的人或物。如： Pass me the dictionary, please. 3. 用于比较级前，特指两个被比较的对象的一个。如：Of the two brothers, the younger is more interesting. 零冠词 1. 记忆口诀：下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭，复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。 2. 固定搭配。如：lose heart, by chance, in time, catch sight of, in place of。 特殊用法 1.抽象名词或物质名词具体化。如：a surprise 一件意外的事情；a pleasure一个令人快乐的事情。 2. 序数词前的冠词活用。如：Can you give me a second chance, please? 3.表示乐器的名词前的冠词活用。如：play the piano；play erhu。 【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60walks____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. 61.【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。 1.（广东省新高考高中联合质量测评省级联考试题）Walking around the world may seem impossible, but that didn’t stop one American woman from putting one foot in front of other. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：环游世界似乎是不可能的，但这并没有阻止一位美国女性一步一步地走下去。固定用法：one…, the other…“一个……，另一个”。故填the。 【答案】the 2.（广东省湛江市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题） It also has 342-metre pathway on the side of a mountain. 【解析】考查冠词。句意：在山的一边还有一条342米的小路。此处为泛指，应用不定冠词，数字342为辅音音素开头，故设空处为a。故填a。 【答案】a 04 考点四 填代词 无提示词语法填空对代词的考查主要集中在引导定语从句的关系代词、引导名词性从句的连接代词和it的用法。 1考查关系代词 1 先行词为人时，在定语从句中作主语的关系代词可用who或that，在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可用whom/who/that（在介词后只能用whom）,在定语从句中作定语的关系代词可用whose。 ② 先行词为物时，在定语从句中作主语或宾语的关系代词可用which或that（在介词后只能用which），在定语从句中作定语的关系代词可用whose。 ③ 还要知道引导定语从句的关系代词在下列场合只能用that：先行词既有人又有物、先行词是表示事物的不定代词或被某些不定代词修饰、表示事物的先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。 2考查连接代词 名词性从句不缺成分且意义完整时用that引导，名词性从句缺主语或宾语时，如果表示未知的事物，用what，已知的事物，表示“哪一个”用which；表示人时，作主语用who，作宾语用whom。 3考查 it 的固定搭配 关于代词it，主要考查以下用法： ① it代替上文提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词。 ② it用于强调句型中。 ③ it作形式主语或形式宾语。 ④ it用在固定结构中。常见的含有it的固定结构： I got it. 我明白了。 At last we made it. 我们终于成功了。 I can’t help it.  我没有办法。 Take it easy. 别着急。 Believe it or not. 信不信由你。 When it comes to... 当谈及……等 1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route _______ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 【答案】that/which。 【2024届广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模】 However, park enthusiasts from all over China and even overseas have spontaneously made 4 their gathering community. 【答案】it 【解析】考查代词。句意：然而，来自全国甚至海外的公园爱好者自愿将其作为他们的聚集地。根据上下文可知，此处指代把这个兴趣小组作为一个聚集地。用代词it作宾语，故填it。 【2024届湖南省长沙市长郡中学、浙江省杭州二中、江苏省南京师大附中三校联考高三下学期模拟】As Kho puts 35 , these two cuisines offer different flavors. 35．【答案】it 【解析】考查代词。句意：正如Kho所说，这两种菜系提供了不同的味道。as sb. put it“正如某人所说”为固定搭配。故填it。 （最新模拟试题演练） Passage 1 （2024·浙江绍兴·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To write his own medical text, Li Shizhen referenced over 800 medical texts, countless books on history and geography, and works of literature. He even studied the complete works of many ancient poets, from 1 he selected a surprising number of verses about medicine. However, the greatest issue he encountered was the widespread 2 (inconsistent) in the use of drug names. Realising the importance of field research outweighed 3 of extensive reading, in 1565 Li travelled far and wide into the mountains and wilderness. He covered what are today’s provinces of Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu, and many other places. After over a decade of field research, Li 4 (successful) completed the first draft of his masterpiece, Bencao Gangmu, or the Compendium of Materia Medica in 1578. He revised 5 work at least three times right up until his death in 1593. Since its first publication in 1596, the book 6 (receive) world-wide recognition. British naturalist Charles Darwin acknowledged the book 7 an “ancient Chinese encyclopedia.” In 2011, the book 8 (list) on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register. In 2017, an international conference was held in Beijing 9 (celebrate) Li’s 500th birthday. Today, there are a 10 (grow) number of international exchanges centering on Li Shizhen and his book, and many people around the world can still find the wisdom of human development in this ancient classic. 【答案】1．which 2．inconsistency 3．that 4．successfully 5．the 6．has received 7．as 8．was listed 9．to celebrate 10．growing 【导语】本文是说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了中国古代医学家李时珍撰写《本草纲目》的经历和该书的广泛影响。 1．考查定语从句。句意：他甚至研究了许多古代诗人的全集，从中挑选了数量惊人的关于医学的诗句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是ancient poets，在从句中作宾语，用which引导。故填which。 2．考查名词。句意：然而，他遇到的最大问题是药品名称的使用普遍不一致。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作表语，inconsistent的名词形式是inconsistency，为不可数名词。故填inconsistency。 3．考查代词。句意：李意识到实地考察的重要性超过了广泛阅读的重要性，于是在1565年跋山涉水。根据句意可知，空处代指前文提到的the importance，应用that代指。故填that。 4．考查副词。句意：经过十多年的实地研究，李时珍于1578年成功完成了他的杰作《本草纲目》的初稿。空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填successfully。 5．考查冠词。句意：他在1593年去世前至少修改了三次。空后的work特指上文提到的Bencao Gangmu，所以空处应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 6．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自1596年首次出版以来，这本书得到了全世界的认可。receive作本句谓语，根据标志词since可知，用现在完成时，主语是the book为第三人称单数。故填has received。 7．考查介词。句意：英国博物学家查尔斯·达尔文称此书为“中国古代百科全书”。此处是固定搭配：acknowledge...as意为“承认……是……”。故填as。 8．考查动词语态和时态。句意：2011年，《本草纲目》被列入联合国教科文组织《世界记忆名录》。list作本句谓语，和主语the book之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据时间状语In 2011，用一般过去时，主语为第三人称单数。故填was listed。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：2017年，一场国际会议在北京举行，以庆祝李时珍的500岁生日。本句已有谓语动词was held，所以celebrate用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to celebrate。 10．考查形容词。句意：今天，以李时珍和他的著作为中心的国际交流越来越多，世界上许多人仍然可以从这部古老的经典中找到人类发展的智慧。空处修饰空后的名词number，应用形容词作定语，growing“增加的”，形容词。故填growing。 Passage 2 （2024·江西九江·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Feb 8, 2001, workers at a construction site in Jinsha village, Chengdu, found many pieces of ivory and jade and the hidden ruins of the capital of the ancient Shu Kingdom were brought 11 light by archaeologists. Among the over 5,000 precious relics 12 (excavate)from the ruins, the most eye-catching is the Golden Sun Bird. It is made from delicate gold foil(箔), just one 13 (five)of a millimeter thick. It has two sections: The center is a sun pattern with 12 rays 14 (indicate)the rotation(自转)of the sun and around the sun are four birds flying anticlockwise. According to archaeologists, the four birds symbolize four seasons, while the 12 rays 15 (mean)to represent 12 months of the year. Hence, it could be inferred that over 3000 years ago ancient Shu people possessed 16 good knowledge of astronomy and nature. Furthermore, this masterpiece is believed to be an illustration of an ancient Chinese myth recorded in the classic The Legends of Mountains and Seas, 17 was written about 2,500 years ago. According to the book, ancient people believed the sun was carried up 18 down by birds daily. In 2005, the pattern was 19 (successful)selected as the symbol of China’s cultural heritage to showcase the ancient Chinese people’s 20 ( wise)and aspirations. 【答案】11．to 12．excavated 13．fifth 14．indicating 15．are meant 16．a 17．which 18．and 19．successfully 20．wisdom 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了在成都金沙村的一个建筑工地上，考古学家们发现了古蜀国时期的许多象牙和玉器碎片。 11．考查介词。句意：2001年2月8日，在成都金沙村的一个建筑工地上，工人们发现了许多象牙和玉器碎片，考古学家们揭开了古蜀国首都的神秘面纱。bring…to light“揭示；揭露”是固定短语，根据句意。故填to。 12．考查非谓语动词。句意：在遗址中出土的5000多件珍贵文物中，最引人注目的是金太阳鸟。分析句子可知，excavate作定语，修饰relics，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填excavated。 13．考查数词。句意：它由精致的金箔制成，只有五分之一毫米厚。此处表示“五分之一”，分母用序数词，故填fifth。 14．考查非谓语动词。句意：它有两个部分：中心是太阳图案，有12条光线表示太阳的旋转，围绕太阳的是四只逆时针飞行的鸟。分析句子可知，indicate作定语，修饰rays，二者之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填indicating。 15．考查动词时态语态。句意：根据考古学家的说法，这四只鸟象征着四季，而12道射线代表着一年中的12个月。分析句子可知，mean作谓语，与主语rays是被动关系，描述一般事实用一般现在时，主语是rays是复数，谓语动词用复数，故填are meant。 16．考查冠词。句意：因此，3000多年前的古蜀人就已经具备了良好的天文和自然知识。possess a good knowledge of“拥有……的知识”，固定短语。故填a。 17．考查定语从句。句意：此外，这一杰作被认为是2500年前的经典《山海经》中记载的中国古代神话的例证。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词The Legends of Mountains and Seas，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which。故填which。 18．考查连词。句意：根据这本书，古代人们相信太阳每天都是由鸟驮着升起和落下的。up and down“起起伏伏；上上下下”，固定短语。故填and。 19．考查副词。句意：2005年，该图案成功入选中国文化遗产标志，展示了中国古代人民的智慧和愿望。修饰动词用副词作状语。故填successfully。 20．考查名词。句意：2005年，该图案成功入选中国文化遗产标志，展示了中国古代人民的智慧和愿望。名词所有格修饰名词，wisdom“智慧”作宾语。故填wisdom。 （2024·湖北·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Mount Fanjing National Nature Reserve is located in the northeastern part of Tongren City in the Province of Guizhou. With a total area of 43,411 hectares (公顷) and 96.5 percent forest 36 (cover), this nature reserve is home to many rare and endangered species such as the grey snub-nosed monkey, the Chinese Dove tree, the Fanjingshan Fir tree, 37 an old-growth forest eco-system. Inside the nature reserve, one can find layer upon layer of mountains and valleys, clear streams 38 (flow) into deep blue lakes, and mighty frozen waterfalls 39 form shimmering ice cascades in winter, making for 40 even more spectacular landscape. In January of 2013, Tongren City officially applied 41 (consider) as a world heritage site. In October of the same year, Fanjing 42 (add) to China’s tentative (试验性的) list of national natural heritage. In February of this year, together with UNESCO, China formally supported the application of Guizhou’s Mount Fanjing 43 World Heritage status (地位): These applications aim to protect, Mount Fanjing’s old-growth forest ecosystem and rare flora and fauna, while at the same time exploiting 44 (it) ecological products, promoting sustainable local socio-economic development, and 45 (ultimate) achieving a productive balance between protection and development. 【答案】36．coverage 37．and 38．flowing 39．which/that 40．an 41．to be considered 42．was added 43．for 44．its 45．ultimately 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是梵净山国家级自然保护区的相关情况。 36．考查名词。句意：该自然保护区总面积为43411公顷，森林覆盖率为96.5%，是许多珍稀濒危物种的家园，如灰金丝猴、中国鸽树、梵净山冷杉和古老的森林生态系统。forest coverage是固定用法，意为“森林覆盖”，因此空格处是coverage。故填coverage。 37．考查连词。句意：该自然保护区总面积为43411公顷，森林覆盖率为96.5%，是许多珍稀濒危物种的家园，如灰金丝猴、中国鸽树、梵净山冷杉和古老的森林生态系统。the Fanjingshan Fir tree和an old-growth forest eco-system是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此空格处用and表并列，故填and。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：在自然保护区内，你可以看到层层叠叠的山脉和山谷，清澈的溪流流入深蓝色的湖泊，以及强大的冰冻瀑布，在冬天形成闪闪发光的冰瀑，使景观更加壮观。can find是谓语，空格处用非谓语动词，streams和flow之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动。作后置定语，故填flowing。 39．考查定语从句。句意：在自然保护区内，你可以看到层层叠叠的山脉和山谷，清澈的溪流流入深蓝色的湖泊，以及强大的冰冻瀑布，在冬天形成闪闪发光的冰瀑，使景观更加壮观。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词waterfalls是物，因此空格处用关系代词which/that，故填which/that。 40．考查冠词。句意：在自然保护区内，你可以看到层层叠叠的山脉和山谷，清澈的溪流流入深蓝色的湖泊，以及强大的冰冻瀑布，在冬天形成闪闪发光的冰瀑，使景观更加壮观。landscape是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，even是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。 41．考查不定式和被动语态。句意：2013年1月，铜仁市正式申请列入世界遗产名录。apply to do sth.意为“申请做某事”，Tongren City和consider之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用不定式的被动语态，即to be done，故填to be considered。 42．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：同年10月，梵净山被列入中国国家自然遗产暂定名录。由In October of the same year可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，Fanjing和add之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语Fanjing是单数，因此空格处是was added。故填was added。 43．考查介词。句意：今年2月，中国与联合国教科文组织共同正式支持了贵州梵净山的世界遗产申请：这些申请旨在保护梵净山的原始森林生态系统和珍稀动植物，同时开发利用其生态产品，促进当地社会经济可持续发展，最终实现保护与发展的生产性平衡。the application for是固定短语，意为“……的申请”，因此空格处是介词for，故填for。 44．考查物主代词。句意：今年2月，中国与联合国教科文组织共同正式支持了贵州梵净山的世界遗产申请：这些申请旨在保护梵净山的原始森林生态系统和珍稀动植物，同时开发利用其生态产品，促进当地社会经济可持续发展，最终实现保护与发展的生产性平衡。it和ecological products之间是所属关系，因此空格处用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 45．考查副词。句意：今年2月，中国与联合国教科文组织共同正式支持了贵州梵净山的世界遗产申请：这些申请旨在保护梵净山的原始森林生态系统和珍稀动植物，同时开发利用其生态产品，促进当地社会经济可持续发展，最终实现保护与发展的生产性平衡。空格处用副词修饰动词achieving，ultimate的副词是ultimately，意为“最终”。故填ultimately。 2024年 Text 1 【2024北京卷】One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 【答案】18. to 19. knocking 20. jogged 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为一个掉落东西的男孩提供帮助的故事。 【18题详解】 考查介词。句意：我心想，“他为什么要把所有的书都拿着？”think to oneself为固定搭配，表示“心想，暗想”，符合语境。故填to。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。 【20题详解】 考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。Text 2 2023年 Test 1 【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? Since June 2017, right before the ___36___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___37___ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English ___38___? Not the pandas, even though ___39___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___40___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give ___41___ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer. So, what are they learning? ___43___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___44___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I ___45___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 【答案】36. arrival 37. confident 38. with 39. the 40. visiting 41. interviews 42. why 43. Basically 44. and 45. wished 【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：speak with sb.意“与某人交谈”。故填with。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。 【41题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。 【42题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。 Text 2 【2023年北京卷】Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ____11____(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest____13____(arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 【答案】11. would throw 12. exactly 13. had arrived 【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在瑞士和法国体验到的不同的守时习俗。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态应用过去将来时。故填would throw。 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。修饰介词短语on time应用副词exactly，故填exactly。 【13题详解】 考查时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。从句中表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 2022年 Test 1 【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my ___44___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him. ” "I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. 【答案】36. falling 37. The 38. asleep 39. to see 40. accidentally 41. and 42. was fixing 43. threw 44. son's 45. how 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上，即将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1. 2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 【43题详解】 考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。 【44题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。 【45题详解】 考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。 Test 3 【2022年全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___41___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___42___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___43___ (bold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___44___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___45___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___46___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five cars. Cao ___47___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___48___ (high) mountain. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___49___ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat. 20, ___50___ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 【答案】41. to journey 42. who 43. held 44. A 45. protection 46. meaningful 47. has walked 48. highest 49. from 50. planning 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填protection。 【46题详解】 考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。 【47题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 【48题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。 【49题详解】 考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。 【50题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。 Test 4 【2022年北京卷】Helen was walking down the street late ____11____ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man ____13____ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 【答案】11. in 12. to harm 13 caught 【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。 11.【解析】 考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。 12.【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 13.【解析】 考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。 Test 5 【2022年北京卷】Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____17____ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____18____ are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even ____19____ (bad). The use of those plastics ____20____ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 【答案】17. themselves 18. which 19. worse 20. has increased 【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染。 17.考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者叫外卖。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 18.考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只有一种用途。分析可知，most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。 19.考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。 20.考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 2021年 Test 1 【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I've always loved the ocean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____37____ (think)it is food. I decided to do something ____38____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____39____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company____40____ emailed its president. I told him how ____41____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____42____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____44____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____45_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. 【答案】36. seventh 37. thinking 38. to educate 39. which/that 40. and 41. harmful 42. excited 43. was 44. representative 45. the 【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。 【36题详解】 考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填seventh。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，____37____ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，____38____ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构， ____39____ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。 【43题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。 特指“1200个航班的塑料杯”，用定冠词，所以填the。 Test 2 【2021年全国甲卷】The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city ___42___ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible ___43___ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. After ___44___ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___ (good) than to ride on a piece of history! We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ____50____ (day) routines. 【答案】41. was built 42. in 43. to walk 44. spending 45. better 46. hired 47. but 48. the 49. watchtowers 50. daily 【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。 【41题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”应用介词in。故填in。 【43题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。 【44题详解】 考查动名词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。 【45题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。 【46题详解】 考查时态。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。 【47题详解】 考查连词。句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。 【48题详解】 考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。 【49题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。 【50题详解】 考查形容词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。 Test 3 【2021年浙江卷6月】It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___36___ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it ___37___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___38___ （marry）ceremony in 1842. When the house was built, it was much ___39___ （small）than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little home ___40___ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ___41___ （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order. Although Mary loved flowers, ___42___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ___43___ （plant）flowers in the front yard. ___44___ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ____45____ （sell）most of their furniture. 【答案】36. has proved/has proven 37. for 38. marriage 39. smaller 40. was painted 41. herself 42. neither 43. to plant 44. The 45. sold 【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的变迁历史。 【36题详解】 考查动词。句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois作主语；结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句since it opened to the public可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是has/have +过去分词；主语Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词prove 的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语buy sth. for +价格，意为“以……价格买某物”。故填for。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知，此处要用名词形式；结合设空处后的ceremony，可知此处意为“婚礼”；提示词marry意为“婚姻”，其名词形式为marriage，marriage ceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处考查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than，提示词small的比较级形式为smaller。故填smaller。 【40题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。 【41题详解】 考查代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词；提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。 【43题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为to plant。故填to plant。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。 【45题详解】 考查动词。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 考点36语法填空之无提示词（核心考点精讲精练） 1. 高考真题考点分布 年份 卷别 词数 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 非谓语 名词 形容词副词 代词 介词 冠词 数词 并列句 连词 2024 新课标I卷 243 1 2 3 1 　 1 1 　 　 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 220 2 3 2 　 　 1 　 　 1 1 全国甲卷 223 2 1 2 1 1 1 　 　 　 2 2023 新课标I卷 203 　 4 　 2 1 1 1 　 1 　 新课标Ⅱ卷 211 1 1 2 2 　 1 1 　 1 1 全国甲卷 220 1 3 1 1 　 2 　 1 　 1 全国乙卷 201 2 3 1 1 　 1 　 　 1 1 2022 新课标I卷 229 2 2 1 1 　 1 1 　 1 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 225 2 2 1 2 　 　 　 1 1 1 全国甲卷 219 1 3 1 2 　 1 1 　 　 1 全国乙卷 222 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 　 1 　 2. 命题规律及备考策略 【命题规律】 从近3年命题上看，考查形式包括有提示词(6～7个)和无提示词(3～4个)两种。有提示词的考向主要有：名词的单复数、谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副词的级别、词性转换等；无提示词的考向主要有；介词、冠词、连接词、代词等：且每空只能填一个单词。 【备考策略】 1．利用体裁特点解题 快速通读整篇文章，了解其体裁特征，理清其逻辑关系，初步摸清文章的主题、大意、时态、写法等，给分析句子和填空提供可靠的逻辑推理依据。 2．利用句法分析解题 语法填空主要是从语法角度入手，对句子结构进行分析。简单句要分析其成分是否完整；每种成分由什么样的词性来充当；复合句要弄清从句的作用以及主从句之间的逻辑关系；特殊句式要分析是否符合其固定的格式。 3．利用习惯搭配解题 英语中有许多固定的词组、短语和句型，在通读全文的基础上，认真分析句子结构，准确辨识句子中的这些固定搭配，利用平时的积累，基本上凭语感就可以解题。 4．利用语篇标志解题 语篇是一系列连续的语段或句子所构成的语言整体，其中各成分之间，在形式上是衔接的，在语义上是连贯的。起到语篇之间联系作用的词语就是语篇标志。如：firstly、secondly、next等表示次序和列举；again、moreover、what is more等表示递进：similarly、equally、as with等表示相似；so、altogether、thus、in short等表示总结等。利用这些语篇标志有助于准确把握句子之间的逻辑关系，弄清文章的来龙去脉。 3.【命题预测】 从近三年命题的发展趋势来看，预测2025年高考语法填空长难句进一步增加，强化考生英语的实际运用能力、理解能力和逻辑推理能力的综合考查。另外，语法填空题命题突出语境，命题包含“词、句、篇”三个层面，彰显“无语境不命题”。 必备基础知识： 01 考点一 填介词 语法填空题对介词的考查形式为纯空格，即无提示词，考点主要集中在介词的基本用法和含介词的固定搭配的用法上。要求考生正确理解句意，平时注意积累名词、形容词、动词与介词的固定搭配。 首先，分析句子结构： 名词或代词或what从句在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词；空格放在名词前后时，应考虑名词与介词的搭配；空格放在不及物动词后名词前时，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；空格放在形容词后名词前时，应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。 无提示词填空对介词的考查两点： ① 介词的基本用法（如at、in、on表示时间，by、before、after、till/until表示时间，by、in、on、with表示“使用……工具、方式、手段”等）， ② 固定搭配中的介词：介词与名词、介词与动词、介词与形容词或副词之间的固定搭配（如：by chance碰巧，on average平均，in vain徒劳；adapt to适应，account for说明……的原因，come across遇见，remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事；be curious about对……好奇的，be popular with受……的欢迎，be proud of因……而自豪的，be rich in富含……的）。 介词常见用法（具体参考本专辑专题 考点04） 时间 介词 in (表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等), on (表示某一天或星期几,指明具体的时间), at (表示特定的时间、节日、年龄), by (…的时候、到、等到…已经等,用在天、时间的前面) 1. in 与after的用法区别：A.介词in+一段时间用于一般将来时。B.介词after+一段时间用于一般过去时。C.介词after+时间点常用于一般将来时。 2. for与since的用法区别：A.介词for表示一段时间。B.介词since表示从过去某一时间以来。 3. during与for的用法区别：A.当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during。B.如果一段时间不明确则用介词for。 4. before与by的用法区别：A.介词before表示“在…之前”。B.介词by表示“到…时为止,不迟于…”。 地点介词 in, at, on, to 1.at 与in 的用法区别：at表示较小的地方，如家、村、乡村等。in表示较大的地方，如大城市、国家、洲等。 2. at与on的用法区别：at用于门牌号。on用于路名。 3.in, on, to的用法区别：in表示“包含”，如：Beijing is in the north of China. on表示“紧邻”，如:Canada lies on the north of the U.S. to表示“没接触”，如：France lies to the south of England. 方式介词 with, in, by in, with, by的用法区别：in表示“用材料、语言”。如： Can you say it in English? with表示“用工具、某物”如: with a pen。 by表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”。如：He prefers traveling by car. 方位介词 at, in, on, to, beneath, over, under, above, below, in front of / in the front of / behind, between / among, over/across/through 1.in, on, at 的用法区别：in表示“排、行、组”。on表示“左、右”。at表示“前、后”。  2. on, over, above的用法区别：on表示一物放在另一物上面两者紧贴在一起。over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系，即“在…上方”。介词above表示一般的“高于….”，“在…之上”。 3. under与below的用法区别：under是over的反义词即“在…下方”。below是above的反义词即“低于…” , “在…之下”。 4. across, through, over, past的用法区别：across着重于“从—头或—边到另—头或另—边”，强调从表面穿过。through着重于“穿越” ，强调从一定的空间内穿过。over多表示从“上方越过”。past表示从“面前经过” 。 其他 1.当表示时间的词前有this, that时，其前面不用介词，如：this morning 2.当表示时间的词前有next时，其前面不用介词，如: next Sunday 3.当表示时间的词前有last时，其前面不用介词，如：last Sunday 4.当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, some或all时，其前面不用介词，如：You can come any day. 1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route… 2.（2024全国甲卷）This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved __________all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park. 【2024届广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模】“On that patch of grass, I could connect with living plants and animals, allowing me to refresh my mind and heal 10 the stresses of the workplace,” Huang said. 02 考点二 填连词 如果个单词、短语、句子之间存在并列、转折、选择或因果关系，则考虑填入并列连词。如果设空处所填单词要引导从句，首先要看它引导哪种从句，然后根据引导词的种类和功能确定填哪个引导词。 1考查并列连词 空格前后的两个或几个内容在句中充当相同的成分或发挥相同的作用时，填并列连词。 ① 并列或顺承关系用and；转折关系用but；选择关系用or；因果关系用so (前因后果），for（前果后因）；对比关系用while。 ② 还要注意连词的固定搭配：both … and … ；not only … but (also) … ; neither … nor … ; either … or … 等。 2考查引导状语从句的从属连词  若空格和空格后的内容能构成一个句子且该句子同时在另外一个句子中充当某个成分时，则空格填适当的从属连词来引导相应的从句。表示条件用if, unless；表示让步用although, though；表示原因用because, as, since；表示结果用so… that…，such … that …；表示时间用when, while, as, before, after；表示地点用where, wherever；表示目的用so that，in order that；表示方式用as, as if等。 3考查引导名词性从句的连词 引导名词性从句的连词that不充当句子成分又无任何意义，whether或if不充当句子成分，意思是“是否”。在介词后或者后面紧跟or not时，只能用whether，不能用if。 1） 副词的判断 引导定语从句的关系副词when指代时间名词，在定语从句中作时间状语；where代指地点名词，在定语从句中作地点状语；why代指表示原因的名词，在定语从句中作原因状语。也会关注固定句型中的副词，如too… to … , so … that … 等。 2） 助动词的判断 如果句子结构完整，设空处后面是动词原形，尤其是上下文不是现在时或主语是第三人称单数时，则很可能填表示强调、疑问或倒装的助动词。 语法填空题既考查考生的语言知识也考查考生的语言技能。答题时既要考虑上下文语境和设空所在句的句意，也要分析空格处要填的词在语句中的的句子成分，还要依据固定搭配解题，因为冠词、介词、连词、代词和副词的固定搭配都是高频考点。 1.（2024新课标I卷）Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ________ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 2.（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 3.（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is _________ they need an English trainer. 【2024届广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模】According to 2the 25-year-old from Shanghai, establishing this group was just a spur-of-the-moment decision, 3 she didn’t invest much time in managing it afterwards. 03 考点三 填冠词 冠词是语法填空的高频考点，经常考查不定冠词a, an和定冠词the的基本用法和固定搭配。首先看空格后是否有名词，有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an；有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the；还要看是否是固定搭配。 种类 常见用法 不定冠词 (a / an) 1. 修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指。以元音音素开头的单词前需要用an，而以辅音音素开头的单词前用a。如：an apple, a banana, an umbrella。 2. 与序数词连用，表示再一，又一”。如：You can try it a second time if you fail. 3. 固定搭配。如：all of a sudden; as a matter of fact; as a result; as a rule; as a whole; at a distance; in a way。 定冠词 (the) 1. 表复指上文提到过的人或物。如：We have a cat and two dogs. The cat is black and the dogs are white. 2. 表特指说话双方都知道的人或物。如： Pass me the dictionary, please. 3. 用于比较级前，特指两个被比较的对象的一个。如：Of the two brothers, the younger is more interesting. 零冠词 1. 记忆口诀：下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭，复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。 2. 固定搭配。如：lose heart, by chance, in time, catch sight of, in place of。 特殊用法 1.抽象名词或物质名词具体化。如：a surprise 一件意外的事情；a pleasure一个令人快乐的事情。 2. 序数词前的冠词活用。如：Can you give me a second chance, please? 3.表示乐器的名词前的冠词活用。如：play the piano；play erhu。 .【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60walks____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. 1.（广东省新高考高中联合质量测评省级联考试题）Walking around the world may seem impossible, but that didn’t stop one American woman from putting one foot in front of other. 2.（广东省湛江市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题） It also has 342-metre pathway on the side of a mountain. 04 考点四 填代词 无提示词语法填空对代词的考查主要集中在引导定语从句的关系代词、引导名词性从句的连接代词和it的用法。 1考查关系代词 1 先行词为人时，在定语从句中作主语的关系代词可用who或that，在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可用whom/who/that（在介词后只能用whom）,在定语从句中作定语的关系代词可用whose。 ② 先行词为物时，在定语从句中作主语或宾语的关系代词可用which或that（在介词后只能用which），在定语从句中作定语的关系代词可用whose。 ③ 还要知道引导定语从句的关系代词在下列场合只能用that：先行词既有人又有物、先行词是表示事物的不定代词或被某些不定代词修饰、表示事物的先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。 2考查连接代词 名词性从句不缺成分且意义完整时用that引导，名词性从句缺主语或宾语时，如果表示未知的事物，用what，已知的事物，表示“哪一个”用which；表示人时，作主语用who，作宾语用whom。 3考查 it 的固定搭配 关于代词it，主要考查以下用法： ① it代替上文提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词。 ② it用于强调句型中。 ③ it作形式主语或形式宾语。 ④ it用在固定结构中。常见的含有it的固定结构： I got it. 我明白了。 At last we made it. 我们终于成功了。 I can’t help it.  我没有办法。 Take it easy. 别着急。 Believe it or not. 信不信由你。 When it comes to... 当谈及……等 1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route _______ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 【2024届广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模】 However, park enthusiasts from all over China and even overseas have spontaneously made 4 their gathering community. 【2024届湖南省长沙市长郡中学、浙江省杭州二中、江苏省南京师大附中三校联考高三下学期模拟】As Kho puts 35 , these two cuisines offer different flavors. （最新模拟试题演练） Passage 1 （2024·浙江绍兴·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To write his own medical text, Li Shizhen referenced over 800 medical texts, countless books on history and geography, and works of literature. He even studied the complete works of many ancient poets, from 1 he selected a surprising number of verses about medicine. However, the greatest issue he encountered was the widespread 2 (inconsistent) in the use of drug names. Realising the importance of field research outweighed 3 of extensive reading, in 1565 Li travelled far and wide into the mountains and wilderness. He covered what are today’s provinces of Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui and Jiangsu, and many other places. After over a decade of field research, Li 4 (successful) completed the first draft of his masterpiece, Bencao Gangmu, or the Compendium of Materia Medica in 1578. He revised 5 work at least three times right up until his death in 1593. Since its first publication in 1596, the book 6 (receive) world-wide recognition. British naturalist Charles Darwin acknowledged the book 7 an “ancient Chinese encyclopedia.” In 2011, the book 8 (list) on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register. In 2017, an international conference was held in Beijing 9 (celebrate) Li’s 500th birthday. Today, there are a 10 (grow) number of international exchanges centering on Li Shizhen and his book, and many people around the world can still find the wisdom of human development in this ancient classic. Passage 2 （2024·江西九江·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On Feb 8, 2001, workers at a construction site in Jinsha village, Chengdu, found many pieces of ivory and jade and the hidden ruins of the capital of the ancient Shu Kingdom were brought 11 light by archaeologists. Among the over 5,000 precious relics 12 (excavate)from the ruins, the most eye-catching is the Golden Sun Bird. It is made from delicate gold foil(箔), just one 13 (five)of a millimeter thick. It has two sections: The center is a sun pattern with 12 rays 14 (indicate)the rotation(自转)of the sun and around the sun are four birds flying anticlockwise. According to archaeologists, the four birds symbolize four seasons, while the 12 rays 15 (mean)to represent 12 months of the year. Hence, it could be inferred that over 3000 years ago ancient Shu people possessed 16 good knowledge of astronomy and nature. Furthermore, this masterpiece is believed to be an illustration of an ancient Chinese myth recorded in the classic The Legends of Mountains and Seas, 17 was written about 2,500 years ago. According to the book, ancient people believed the sun was carried up 18 down by birds daily. In 2005, the pattern was 19 (successful)selected as the symbol of China’s cultural heritage to showcase the ancient Chinese people’s 20 ( wise)and aspirations. （2024·湖北·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Mount Fanjing National Nature Reserve is located in the northeastern part of Tongren City in the Province of Guizhou. With a total area of 43,411 hectares (公顷) and 96.5 percent forest 36 (cover), this nature reserve is home to many rare and endangered species such as the grey snub-nosed monkey, the Chinese Dove tree, the Fanjingshan Fir tree, 37 an old-growth forest eco-system. Inside the nature reserve, one can find layer upon layer of mountains and valleys, clear streams 38 (flow) into deep blue lakes, and mighty frozen waterfalls 39 form shimmering ice cascades in winter, making for 40 even more spectacular landscape. In January of 2013, Tongren City officially applied 41 (consider) as a world heritage site. In October of the same year, Fanjing 42 (add) to China’s tentative (试验性的) list of national natural heritage. In February of this year, together with UNESCO, China formally supported the application of Guizhou’s Mount Fanjing 43 World Heritage status (地位): These applications aim to protect, Mount Fanjing’s old-growth forest ecosystem and rare flora and fauna, while at the same time exploiting 44 (it) ecological products, promoting sustainable local socio-economic development, and 45 (ultimate) achieving a productive balance between protection and development. 2024年 Text 1 【2024北京卷】One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 2023年 Test 1 【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals? Since June 2017, right before the ___36___ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___37___ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English ___38___? Not the pandas, even though ___39___ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___40___ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give ___41___ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer. So, what are they learning? ___43___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___44___ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I ___45___ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. Text 2 【2023年北京卷】Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ____11____(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest____13____(arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 2022年 Test 1 【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. ___37___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___41___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my ___44___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___45___ to thank him. ” "I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. Test 3 【2022年全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___41___ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___42___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___43___ (bold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. ___44___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___45___ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___46___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five cars. Cao ___47___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___48___ (high) mountain. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers ___49___ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat. 20, ___50___ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. Test 4 【2022年北京卷】Helen was walking down the street late ____11____ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man ____13____ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! Test 5 【2022年北京卷】Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____17____ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____18____ are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even ____19____ (bad). The use of those plastics ____20____ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 2021年 Test 1 【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I've always loved the ocean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____37____ (think)it is food. I decided to do something ____38____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____39____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company____40____ emailed its president. I told him how ____41____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____42____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half. I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____44____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _____45_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights. Test 2 【2021年全国甲卷】The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city ___42___ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible ___43___ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. After ___44___ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___ (good) than to ride on a piece of history! We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___48___ way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their ____50____ (day) routines. Test 3 【2021年浙江卷6月】It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___36___ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it ___37___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___38___ （marry）ceremony in 1842. When the house was built, it was much ___39___ （small）than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little home ___40___ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ___41___ （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order. Although Mary loved flowers, ___42___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ___43___ （plant）flowers in the front yard. ___44___ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ____45____ （sell）most of their furniture. 2024年 Text 1 【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England. Text 2 【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___37___ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___42___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers. ___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” Text 3 【2024全国甲卷】Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety. They are ____42____（treasure）of American heritage（遗产）. How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming. They ____44____（be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should ____45____（do）with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with ____46____（it）unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____47____all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed（承诺）to promote the idea at the ____48____（complete）of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the ____49____（large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. Text 4 【2024北京卷】 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life. Text 5 【2024北京卷】On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. Text 6 【2024浙江1月卷】The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____36____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ____37____ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____38____ will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____39____ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ____40____ (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____41____ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____42____ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ____43____ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____44____ other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ____45____ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 2023年语法填空 Test 1 【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time. Test 2 【2023年全国乙卷】Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ____41____ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ____42____ (build) system of ring roads. But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____44____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, ____45____ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. ____46____ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I ____47____ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___48___ (record) everything I discovered. The ____49____ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _____50_____ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. Test 3 【2023年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___41___ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___42___ (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___43___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___46___ (intend) for everyone. ___47___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ___48___ saving their environment. The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ___49___ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still ____50____ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. Test 4 【2023年北京卷】Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When ____14____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. Mangroves can help soften waves and protect ____15____(city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China ____16____(establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. Test 5 【2023年北京卷】Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention ____17____ global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ____18____ thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action ____19____(address)the struggles of people around the world ____20____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. Test 6 【2023年浙江1月卷】During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 56 arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, 57 (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 58 (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 59 (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 60 (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子).The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 61 (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 62 (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history 63 capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 64 (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 65 culture of grassroots Beijingers. 2022年语法填空 Test 1 【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___36___ (cover)an area about three times ___37___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___38___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___39___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___40___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___41___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___42___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___43___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve ___44___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___45___ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. Test 2 【2022年全国乙卷】May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___41___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___42___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___43___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___44___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___45___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ___46___ (share) future for mankind,” he said. The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___47___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative. ___48___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___49___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ____50____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea. Test 3 【2022年北京卷】Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly ____14____ (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine ____15____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally ____16____ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. Test 4 【2022年浙江卷6月】To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ___36___ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ___37___ (do). John Olson, a former ___38___ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ___39___ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ___40___ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ___41___ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ___42___ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ___43___ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means ___44___ (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it ___45___ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” Test 5 【2022年浙江卷1月】Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics 36 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane 37（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others 38 （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and 39 ( change ) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, 40 (rough ) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists 41 ( promise ) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 42 she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of 43 time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the 44 (invite ) . That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 45 (continue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ”，she says, "a really positive change." Test 6 【2022年浙江卷6月】To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ___36___ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ___37___ (do). John Olson, a former ___38___ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ___39___ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ___40___ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ___41___ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ___42___ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ___43___ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means ___44___ (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it ___45___ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” 2021年语法填空 Test 1 【2021年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song“The Long and Winding Road”. ____56____is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____57____ (human) are. The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will ____58____(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ____59____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ____60____(astonish). What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ____61____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ____62____offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ____63____ (ache) legs. As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____64____(I).While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ____65____ must to visit! Test2 【2021年全国乙卷】 Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___(develop)of the local areas. Ecotourism has ___63___(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: ·Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place. ·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. ·Provide ___68___(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples. ·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.___69___(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim ____70____(have) a low impact on the natural environment. Test 3 【2021年北京卷】Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse____11____ (idea)．Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories.As it ____13____ (connect) things，your brain tums them into a story,and you get a dream． Test 4 【2021年北京卷】Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主），and he live streams himself just going about his day．While riding his bike home ____14____ a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself．The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ____15____ she lived．Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____（safe） wait for the police to take her home． Test 5 【2021年北京卷】There ____17____(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years,____18____(cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world,____19____(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss．Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need ____20____ (invest) in disaster prevention. Test 6 【2021年浙江卷1月】In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 36． that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas. BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 37． gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 38． (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25 39． (consider) healthy. The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 40． 2. 1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 41． (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 42． (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 43．(sharp). This may be due to some disadvantages for people 44． (live) in the countryside, including 45． (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$