精品解析：河南省平顶山市郏县郏县实验高中2024-2025学年高一上学期开学英语试题

2024-2025 学年第一学期开学考试 高一英语 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息填在试卷和答题卡的制定位置； 2．回答选择题和非选择题时，请将答案涂在答题卡给定区域，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分听力（略） 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Writing Competition for Kids 2020 Our website, Kids-World-Travel-Guide.com, holds a writing competition every year. This year, we invite you to share with us your favorite places. Write short essays (文章), and let us know about your hometown, a wonderful city that you cannot forget, or a place of your dreams. Groups: Group A: kids aged 8 - 11 years old Words: 300 - 400 Group B: kids aged 12 - 15 years old Words: 500 - 600 The essay may be about: ☆ My hometown ☆ The city that I once visited ☆ My favorite city in the world ☆ The city where I lived as an exchange student ☆ A perfect city in my mind: If I was King/Queen… Tip: The essay has to be written in English, but may include words in a foreign language. Other important information: ● The competition is free for students to enter. ● The competition is open to students all over the world. ● The essays must be finished by the students themselves. ● The essays must have been received by 1 November 2020. ● The essays can only be received through e-mail. ● The essays must not have been published elsewhere, or have won a prize in any other competition. ● The winning essays will be published on Kids-World-Travel-Guidecom on 15 November 2020. ● The winners will receive prizes. Prizes must be accepted within 60 days since 15 November 2020. Good luck and enjoy the journey! 1. What can you write in your essay? A. A great dream. B. An unforgettable trip. C. A place you imagine. D. A city you want to change. 2 When should you hand in your essay? A. Before 1 November 2020. B. Before 15 November 2020. C. Before 1 January 2021. D. Before 15 January 2021. 3. What can winners of the writing competition do? A. Take a trip for free. B. See their essays online. C. Be a writer of the website. D. Accept their prizes in three months. B I visited Aruba last week. On the first day, I mainly enjoyed comfortable sunshine on the beaches there. But I needed more than sunshine and sand to fill my week. I rented a car the next day. One of my first stops that day was the Alto Vista Chapel, a historic north-side Roman Catholic churchy Just as I entered it, a colourful “party bus” filled with singing tourists pulled into the parking lot, ending the silence. So I left soon. From the church I made my way to the California Lighthouse, named for the steamship California that sank nearby in 1891. After spending some time there, I went to La Trattoria El Faro Blanco, an Italian restaurant that sits on top of the hill and offers scenic views. I love golfing, so I wasn't going on vacation without spending a day on the courses. The Tierra del Sol Country Club is for golfing on the islands located at its northwest point. Opened in 1995, it is a beautiful place with views of the sea and the California Lighthouse. I spent a full day there. To completely escape from the other tourists, I booked a four-hour jeep tour for the fourth day. I went to the Arikok National Park, which covers nearly 20 percent of the islands I stood on a cliff and looked down on a natural pool that was formed inside volcanic rock (火山岩). It was amazing. My final night was spent at Madame Janette Restaurant, Friends who had been to Aruba told me I had to go there. I dined there while listening to a local musician performing the Beatles’ While My Guitar Gently Weeps. It was so good and the crowd demanded more. 4 Why did the author leave the Alto Vista Chapel soon? A Because he didn’t like the party there. B. Because he didn’t find a place for his car. C. Because there were too many tourist. D. Because some tourists made the place noisy. 5. What did the author mainly do on the third day? A. He enjoyed the views of the sea from a lighthouse. B. He tasted the local food in a popular restaurant. C. He played a sport in a club. D. He visited a park. 6. The Author wrote the passage mainly to . A. introduce attractions in Aruba B. encourage readers to visit Aruba C. explain why Aruba is worth a visit D. share his travel experience in Aruba 7. The passage is mainly developed by . A. following the space order B. following the time order C. offering causes and effects D. giving examples C Starting senior highschool is a powerful experience for any teenager, for there are manythings about senior high school that are different from your junior high school, and you will experience many changes. You will be faced with entering a new school, making new friends in an unfamiliar class, and getting to know new teachers. These new teachers will usually have higher academic expectations than your junior high school teachers. They want to help you get into college; in return, they expect you to work hard and improve your skills. Although these are all big changes, they are nothing you cannot handle. There are many different useful resources that help you deal with any problem. Your teachers, parents, and friends are there to help you’re your transition (过渡)to this great new time in your life. If you feel it uncomfortable to talk to any of these people, there are many helpful hotlines you can call to talk anonymously. Senior high school years may be a time of changes, but these changes should be for the better. Your senior high school years is a great time in your life. To fully enjoy your senior high school, try to deal with the situations of your life with which you are not happy. If you are feeling pressured to do something, talk to a friend or parent to find a solution. If you don’t succeed academically, find a teacher or someone else to help you improve. If you feel socially isolated, try to join a school club or group to make new friends. Senior high school life may seem rather difficult at first, but with time, you will come to appreciate everything about your experience. 8. What will the new teachers expect you to do? A. Behave yourself. B. Make new friends. C. Obey the school rules. D. Gain more knowledge. 9. What does the author think of the big changes at senior high school? A. They can be dealt with. B. They are not interesting at all. C. They have bad effects on students. D. They are actually not that important. 10. What does the underlined word “isolated” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Free. B. Happy. C. Alone. D. Tired. 11. What does the text mainly tell us? A. We should fully enjoy our senior high school life. B. The ways to face the changes at senior high school. C. The methods for making new friends in an unfamiliar class. D. Life at senior high school is different from that at junior high school. D A Westview High School student Kara Fan was named “America’s Top Young Scientist” by 3M for creating a liquid (液体) bandage last October. The prizes of the 3M Young Scientist Challenge included $25,000 that Kara Fan can spend however she wishes —she said it would likely be saved for college — plus a family trip to New York City. A traditional bandage is a thin piece of cloth which you tie around a wound. But Fan’s new creation is liquid. She used lemon leaf, a polymer (聚合物) and silver nitrate (which is often used to treat wounds and burns on the skin). Silver nitrate also plays a key role in her invention: it creates a thin layer to protect a wound while killing harmful bacteria (细菌). From around 1,000 young scientists nationwide who offered videos of their work, 3M made the top 10 finalists known publicly. The finalists traveled to Minnesota for the three-day competition finals. Fan said they first paired up to compete in a few challenges that showed how well they worked with others. On the final day they gave a five-minute speech, followed by a five-minute question and answer meeting on their work that was supposed to solve a global problem — drug-resistance. This is a global antibiotics (抗生素) problem. Fan said her attention was drawn to these drugs a few years ago, when her grandmother became very ill and was “saved by antibiotics”. “Our communities want science to solve the world’s hardest challenges. This year’s finalists have truly encouraged us to solve real-world problems,” said Denise Rutherford, senior vice-president of corporate affairs at 3M. “We believe they will do more on their continued journey.” Fan has a great interest in science, which Fan said she found to be “fun.” She is now interested in becoming a doctor because of her interest in biology. 12. When can Fan’s invention be used? A. When people need clean liquid. B. When people want to clean cloth. C. When antibiotics need to be tested. D. When simple medical treatment is needed. 13. What did the finalists do during the first two days in Minnesota? A. They discussed serious global problems. B. They gave a short talk to a group of people. C. They entered competitions through teamwork. D. They asked and answered questions in a meeting. 14. Which of the following excited Fan’s interest in antibiotics? A. Science in labs. B. Her biology courses. C. Her grandmother’s illness. D. A family trip to New York City. 15. What did Rutherford express in Paragraph 6? A. Her praise for the finalists’ achievements. B. Her strong will to solve real-world problems. C. Her worry about science communities’ future. D. Her support for science leaders around the world. 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Getting organized Like most people, I can get disorganized: too many papers on my messy desk and a computer filled with different articles. Here are some ways I use to fight against disorganization. Don’t add to disorganization.___16___ . Don’t just throw it on your desk or bed. Every day, put something away. You may have several things hiding in and around your table, so why not at least put them in one box or even where they should have stayed? ___17___. I still regret selling my first bicycle at a yard sale, but at some point, your possessions(私人物品) can start to possess you. If you give yourself room to be a little sad about the letting go, you will have a feeling of freedom(自由) instead. Organize your organization. ___18___ , followed by the least important. Get the hard tasks out of the way, and the boring ones will become much easier. Use any moments. If for some unknown reason you pick up a piece of paper, file (归档) or throw it away. ___19___ , take a picture with your phone. No need to pressure yourself. As someone once said, “You didn’t get disorganized overnight, and you won’t get organized that way either.” you do one thing every day, and do not make things worse, it will get better. ___20___, your situation will change. A. If you need to keep something B. Getting organized is not a race C. Store things you are unsure about D. Put the most important things first E. If you make getting organized a habit F. Realize that it will be hard to let go of some things G. From now on, put everything that comes into your hands in its place right away 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 You may think that speaking English to yourself is a silly idea. In fact, it is one of the most ____21____ ways of improving your speaking skills. First off, speaking to yourself will ____22____ you of the fear of making mistakes and feeling ____23____ as you probably would when speaking with another person. You don’t even have to speak loudly. Yet, this will help you ____24____ the sound of your own voice when speaking English, which you may find strange at first. If you are wondering what there is to ____25____ about, you can always start by expressing the ____26____ you are having at the moment. What you say isn’t important; it’s ____27____ that you simply keep talking. Another thing you can try is ____28____ that someone is asking you questions so that you can answer them. This is an excellent way of practicing to ____29____ in English. Perfect your talking-to-yourself ____30____ by using a mirror to make short 2-3 minute impromptu speeches. Pick any topic you like, and speak about that ____31____ for several minutes straight, without ____32____. It’s important that you don’t stop speaking even if you feel that you have nothing else to ____33____ or that you can’t find the right word. Go around and express your ideas in a(n) ____34____ way. In time, you will realize how ____35____ this exercise really is. 21. A. unusual B. effective C. difficult D. similar 22. A. free B. tell C. warn D. advise 23. A. excited B. calm C. angry D. nervous 24. A. listen to B. take care of C. pass on D. get used to 25. A. learn B. speak C. worry D. discuss 26. A. methods B. stories C. ideas D. fears 27. A. natural B. interesting C. important D. strange 28. A. realizing B. remembering C. accepting D. imagining 29. A. think B. answer C. teach D. study 30. A. problem B. skill C. situation D. understanding 31. A. person B. way C. topic D. speech 32. A. forgetting B. planning C. adding D. stopping 33. A. say B. act C. change D. lose 34. A. single B. secret C. different D. common 35. A. old B. helpful C. expensive D. tiring 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With my high school life ____36____ (begin), I feel a little anxious right now. I hope to make a good first ____37____ (impress). But I wonder whether I will make friends or what if no one ____38____ (talk) to me. To tell the truth, the maths class was difficult for me, ____39____ the teacher was kind and friendly. He told ____40____ (we) a funny story and every student laughed so much! In the afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab. The lab is new and the lesson was ____41____ (interest), but the guy next to me tried to talk to me the whole time. Therefore, I couldn’t concentrate ____42____ the experiment. I ____43____ (real) wanted to tell him to be quiet and leave me alone! All in all, the first day is ____44____ wonderful day. Though I was worried in the morning, I didn't feel awkward or frightened at all. I believe I will make new friends in the new school here and there’s a lot ______45______ (explore) at senior high. I think that tomorrow will be a great day! 第四部分写作（满分 20 分） 46. 假如你是李华，你刚收到你的朋友Tom的来信，他刚进入高一，最近比较沮丧，因为学习英语遇到了一些问题，并向你询问如何学好英语。请根据下列内容给他写封回信。 1.快速适应老师，课堂认真听讲。 2.熟能生巧，学习英语一定要多练习。 3.心态尤为重要。 注意: (1)词数不少于80； (2)请适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025 学年第一学期开学考试 高一英语 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息填在试卷和答题卡的制定位置； 2．回答选择题和非选择题时，请将答案涂在答题卡给定区域，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分听力（略） 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Writing Competition for Kids 2020 Our website, Kids-World-Travel-Guide.com, holds a writing competition every year. This year, we invite you to share with us your favorite places. Write short essays (文章), and let us know about your hometown, a wonderful city that you cannot forget, or a place of your dreams. Groups: Group A: kids aged 8 - 11 years old Words: 300 - 400 Group B: kids aged 12 - 15 years old Words: 500 - 600 The essay may be about: ☆ My hometown ☆ The city that I once visited ☆ My favorite city in the world ☆ The city where I lived as an exchange student ☆ A perfect city in my mind: If I was King/Queen… Tip: The essay has to be written in English, but may include words in a foreign language. Other important information: ● The competition is free for students to enter. ● The competition is open to students all over the world. ● The essays must be finished by the students themselves ● The essays must have been received by 1 November 2020. ● The essays can only be received through e-mail. ● The essays must not have been published elsewhere, or have won a prize in any other competition. ● The winning essays will be published on Kids-World-Travel-Guide.com on 15 November 2020. ● The winners will receive prizes. Prizes must be accepted within 60 days since 15 November 2020. Good luck and enjoy the journey! 1 What can you write in your essay? A. A great dream. B. An unforgettable trip. C. A place you imagine. D. A city you want to change. 2. When should you hand in your essay? A. Before 1 November 2020. B. Before 15 November 2020. C Before 1 January 2021. D. Before 15 January 2021. 3. What can winners of the writing competition do? A. Take a trip for free. B. See their essays online. C. Be a writer of the website. D. Accept their prizes in three months. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文，详细介绍有关儿童作文比赛的相关要求及注意事项。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二个小标题下的“☆ My hometown☆ The city that I once visited☆ My favorite city in the world☆ The city where I lived as an exchange student☆ A perfect city in my mind: If I was King/Queen…”可知，文章可以是关于家乡、参观的一个城市、最喜欢的地方、作为交换生待过的地方、或者是想象的一个地方。C选项：A place you imagine.（一个你想象的地方。）属于上述分析的写作范畴。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二个小标题下的“The essays must have been received by 1 November 2020. 论文必须在2020年11月1日之前收到。”可知必须在2020年11月1日之前交作文。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三个小标题下的“The winning essays will be published on Kids-World-Travel-Guide.com on 15 November 2020. 获奖文章将于2020年11月15日发表在Kids-World-Travel-Guide.com网站上。”可以推断出获奖者可以在网上看到自己的文章。故选B。 B I visited Aruba last week. On the first day, I mainly enjoyed comfortable sunshine on the beaches there. But I needed more than sunshine and sand to fill my week. I rented a car the next day. One of my first stops that day was the Alto Vista Chapel, a historic north-side Roman Catholic churchy Just as I entered it, a colourful “party bus” filled with singing tourists pulled into the parking lot, ending the silence. So I left soon. From the church I made my way to the California Lighthouse, named for the steamship California that sank nearby in 1891. After spending some time there, I went to La Trattoria El Faro Blanco, an Italian restaurant that sits on top of the hill and offers scenic views. I love golfing, so I wasn't going on vacation without spending a day on the courses. The Tierra del Sol Country Club is for golfing on the islands located at its northwest point. Opened in 1995, it is a beautiful place with views of the sea and the California Lighthouse. I spent a full day there. To completely escape from the other tourists, I booked a four-hour jeep tour for the fourth day. I went to the Arikok National Park, which covers nearly 20 percent of the islands I stood on a cliff and looked down on a natural pool that was formed inside volcanic rock (火山岩). It was amazing. My final night was spent at Madame Janette Restaurant, Friends who had been to Aruba told me I had to go there. I dined there while listening to a local musician performing the Beatles’ While My Guitar Gently Weeps. It was so good and the crowd demanded more. 4. Why did the author leave the Alto Vista Chapel soon? A. Because he didn’t like the party there. B. Because he didn’t find a place for his car. C. Because there were too many tourist. D. Because some tourists made the place noisy. 5. What did the author mainly do on the third day? A. He enjoyed the views of the sea from a lighthouse. B. He tasted the local food in a popular restaurant. C. He played a sport in a club. D. He visited a park. 6. The Author wrote the passage mainly to . A. introduce attractions in Aruba B. encourage readers to visit Aruba C. explain why Aruba is worth a visit D. share his travel experience in Aruba 7. The passage is mainly developed by . A. following the space order B. following the time order C. offering causes and effects D. giving examples 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【分析】作者上周去了阿鲁巴岛旅游后写了这篇游记。记录了他在那里的旅游经历。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“a colourful ‘party bus’ filled with dinging tourists pulled into the parking lot, ending the silence. So I left soon（一辆五颜六色的“派对巴士”驶入停车场，车上挤满了喧闹的游客，结束了寂静。所以我很快就离开了）”可知，作者离开那个教堂是因为那里的宁静被一群唱歌的游客打破了。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“I rented a car the next day.（第二天我租了一辆车）”可知，作者第二天在教堂，结合第四段中的“I love golfing, so I wasn't going on vacation without spending a day on the courses. The Tierra del Sol Country Club is for golfing on the islands located at its northwest point. Opened in 1995, it is a beautiful place with views of the sea and the California Lighthouse. I spent a full day there.（我喜欢打高尔夫球，所以我不会不花一天时间在球场上就去度假。Tierra del Sol乡村俱乐部是在位于其西北角的岛屿上打高尔夫球的俱乐部。它于1995年开放，是一个美丽的地方，可以看到大海和加利福尼亚灯塔。我在那里呆了一整天）”可知，作者第三天在一家俱乐部里打高尔夫球。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，作者主要讲述了他在阿鲁巴岛的旅游经历。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中的“On the first day ... the next day… for the fourth day . . . My final night”推知，本文主要根据时间的先后顺序行文的。故选B。 C Starting senior highschool is a powerful experience for any teenager, for there are manythings about senior high school that are different from your junior high school, and you will experience many changes. You will be faced with entering a new school, making new friends in an unfamiliar class, and getting to know new teachers. These new teachers will usually have higher academic expectations than your junior high school teachers. They want to help you get into college; in return, they expect you to work hard and improve your skills. Although these are all big changes, they are nothing you cannot handle. There are many different useful resources that help you deal with any problem. Your teachers, parents, and friends are there to help you’re your transition (过渡)to this great new time in your life. If you feel it uncomfortable to talk to any of these people, there are many helpful hotlines you can call to talk anonymously. Senior high school years may be a time of changes, but these changes should be for the better. Your senior high school years is a great time in your life. To fully enjoy your senior high school, try to deal with the situations of your life with which you are not happy. If you are feeling pressured to do something, talk to a friend or parent to find a solution. If you don’t succeed academically, find a teacher or someone else to help you improve. If you feel socially isolated, try to join a school club or group to make new friends. Senior high school life may seem rather difficult at first, but with time, you will come to appreciate everything about your experience. 8. What will the new teachers expect you to do? A. Behave yourself. B. Make new friends. C. Obey the school rules. D. Gain more knowledge. 9. What does the author think of the big changes at senior high school? A. They can be dealt with. B. They are not interesting at all. C. They have bad effects on students. D. They are actually not that important. 10. What does the underlined word “isolated” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Free. B. Happy. C. Alone. D. Tired. 11. What does the text mainly tell us? A. We should fully enjoy our senior high school life. B. The ways to face the changes at senior high school. C. The methods for making new friends in an unfamiliar class. D. Life at senior high school is different from that at junior high school. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了青少年进入高中后会面临很多变化，同时也给出了应对这些变化的方法和建议。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“These new teachers will usually have higher academic expectations than your junior high school teachers. They want to help you get into college; in return, they expect you to work hard and improve your skills. (这些新老师通常比你初中的老师有更高的学业期望。他们想帮助你进入大学；作为回报，他们希望你努力学习，提高技能)”可知，新老师希望学生获得更多知识。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“Although these are all big changes, they are nothing you cannot handle. (虽然这些都是很大的变化，但没有什么是你无法处理的)”可知，作者认为高中的这些大变化是可以应对的。故选A项。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据原文第四段“If you feel socially …, try to join a school club or group to make new friends. (如果你感到在社交上……，试着加入一个学校俱乐部或团体来结交新朋友)”可知，此处提到了通过试着加入一个学校俱乐部或团体来结交新朋友的方式来解决你的社交方面的问题，可推理出isolated的意思是“孤立的、单独的”，与 Alone 意思相近。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Starting senior high school is a powerful experience for any teenager, for there are many things about senior high school that are different from your junior high school, and you will experience many changes (开始高中生活对任何青少年来说都是一次强大的经历，因为高中与初中有很多不同之处，你将经历许多变化)”、第三段“Although these are all big changes, they are nothing you cannot handle. ( 虽然这些都是大变化，但你完全可以应对)”、倒数第二段“To fully enjoy your senior high school, try to deal with the situations of your life with which you are not happy. (为了充分享受高中生活，尝试处理那些让你不开心的生活状况)”以及最后一段“Senior high school life may seem rather difficult at first, but with time, you will come to appreciate everything about your experience (高中生活起初可能有些困难，但随着时间的推移，你会开始欣赏你的经历)”可知，文章首先讲述了高中会面临很多变化，然后分别从学习压力、学业不成功、社交孤立等方面给出了应对这些变化的方法，所以文本主要告诉我们面对高中变化的方法。故选B项。 D A Westview High School student Kara Fan was named “America’s Top Young Scientist” by 3M for creating a liquid (液体) bandage last October. The prizes of the 3M Young Scientist Challenge included $25,000 that Kara Fan can spend however she wishes —she said it would likely be saved for college — plus a family trip to New York City. A traditional bandage is a thin piece of cloth which you tie around a wound. But Fan’s new creation is liquid. She used lemon leaf, a polymer (聚合物) and silver nitrate (which is often used to treat wounds and burns on the skin). Silver nitrate also plays a key role in her invention: it creates a thin layer to protect a wound while killing harmful bacteria (细菌). From around 1,000 young scientists nationwide who offered videos of their work, 3M made the top 10 finalists known publicly. The finalists traveled to Minnesota for the three-day competition finals. Fan said they first paired up to compete in a few challenges that showed how well they worked with others. On the final day they gave a five-minute speech, followed by a five-minute question and answer meeting on their work that was supposed to solve a global problem — drug-resistance. This is a global antibiotics (抗生素) problem. Fan said her attention was drawn to these drugs a few years ago, when her grandmother became very ill and was “saved by antibiotics”. “Our communities want science to solve the world’s hardest challenges. This year’s finalists have truly encouraged us to solve real-world problems,” said Denise Rutherford, senior vice-president of corporate affairs at 3M. “We believe they will do more on their continued journey.” Fan has a great interest in science, which Fan said she found to be “fun.” She is now interested in becoming a doctor because of her interest in biology. 12. When can Fan’s invention be used? A. When people need clean liquid. B. When people want to clean cloth. C. When antibiotics need to be tested. D. When simple medical treatment is needed. 13. What did the finalists do during the first two days in Minnesota? A. They discussed serious global problems. B. They gave a short talk to a group of people. C. They entered competitions through teamwork. D. They asked and answered questions in a meeting. 14. Which of the following excited Fan’s interest in antibiotics? A. Science in labs. B. Her biology courses. C. Her grandmother’s illness. D. A family trip to New York City. 15. What did Rutherford express in Paragraph 6? A. Her praise for the finalists’ achievements. B. Her strong will to solve real-world problems. C. Her worry about science communities’ future. D. Her support for science leaders around the world. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3M公司的年轻科学家挑战赛的优秀选手Fan的液体绷带发明和其比赛过程，Fan因为祖母生病，对抗生素产生了很大的兴趣，立志成为一名医生造福社会。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A Westview High School student Kara Fan was named “America’s Top Young Scientist” by 3M for creating a liquid (液体) bandage last October.(去年10月，西景高中的学生卡拉·范因发明一种液体绷带而被3M公司评为“美国最佳青年科学家”)”可知，Fan的发明是一种新型绷带。在根据第三段第一句和第二句“A traditional bandage is a thin piece of cloth which you tie around a wound. But Fan’s new creation is liquid.(传统的绷带是用一块薄布绑在伤口上。但Fan的新发明是液态的)”可知，Fan发明的液体绷带是用来处理伤口的，文中未提及选项A中的液体清洁场景和选项B中的想要洗衣服的场景，以及选项C中检测抗生素的场景，选项D描述的在简单医疗处理场景中使用，符合题目要求。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Fan said they first paired up to compete in a few challenges that showed how well they worked with others. (Fan说，他们最初是在几个挑战中结成搭档来表明他们与他人合作得很好)”可知，前两天的比赛通过组队方式考验选手的团队合作能力，而不是选项A的讨论严重的全球问题，也并没有如选项B中提及的做演讲或选项D中描述的在会议中进行问答，因此选项C符合文意。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Fan said her attention was drawn to these drugs a few years ago, when her grandmother became very ill and was “saved by antibiotics”.(Fan说，几年前她的祖母病得很重，“抗生素救了她”，她开始关注这些药物)”可知，祖母的病因抗生素而起死回生，Fan对抗生素感兴趣是源于祖母生病，因此选项C符合文意。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段第一句和第二句“Our communities want science to solve the world’s hardest challenges. This year’s finalists have truly encouraged us to solve real-world problems(我们的组织希望用科学来解决世界上最困难的挑战。今年的入围者真的鼓励我们去解决现实世界的问题)”可知，Rutherford是在赞扬今年的入围者的卓越成就，坚定了他们解决现实问题的信心，并不仅是表达她的强烈愿望，因此选项A符合文意，排除选项B。再者，根据第六段最后一句“We believe they will do more on their continued journey.(我们相信，他们将在未来的旅程中做得更多)”可知，Rutherford依旧是在赞扬入围者，认为他们未来可期，前程远大。文中未提及选项D中她给予科学领袖的支持。故选A项。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Getting organized Like most people, I can get disorganized: too many papers on my messy desk and a computer filled with different articles. Here are some ways I use to fight against disorganization. Don’t add to disorganization.___16___ . Don’t just throw it on your desk or bed. Every day, put something away. You may have several things hiding in and around your table, so why not at least put them in one box or even where they should have stayed? ___17___. I still regret selling my first bicycle at a yard sale, but at some point, your possessions(私人物品) can start to possess you. If you give yourself room to be a little sad about the letting go, you will have a feeling of freedom(自由) instead. Organize your organization. ___18___ , followed by the least important. Get the hard tasks out of the way, and the boring ones will become much easier. Use any moments. If for some unknown reason you pick up a piece of paper, file (归档) or throw it away. ___19___ , take a picture with your phone. No need to pressure yourself. As someone once said, “You didn’t get disorganized overnight, and you won’t get organized that way either.” you do one thing every day, and do not make things worse, it will get better. ___20___, your situation will change. A. If you need to keep something B. Getting organized is not a race C. Store things you are unsure about D. Put the most important things first E. If you make getting organized a habit F. Realize that it will be hard to let go of some things G. From now on, put everything that comes into your hands in its place right away 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一些处理杂乱无序的建议。 【16题详解】 根据下文“Don’t just throw it on your desk or bed. (不要只是把它扔在你的桌子或床上。)”可知，此处内容与把手里的东西放置好有关，且下文的代词it指的是选项G中的everything that comes into your hands，因此选项G“From now on, put everything that comes into your hands in its place right away(从现在开始，把所有到你手里的东西都放回原位。)”符合题意。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据下文“I still regret selling my first bicycle at a yard sale, but at some point, your possessions(私人物品) can start to possess you. (我仍然后悔在庭院旧货出售会上卖掉了我的第一辆自行车，但是在某些时候，你的东西会开始占有你。)”可知，此处是本段小标题，内容与讲述放手一些东西很困难有关，选项F“Realize that it will be hard to let go of some things (要知道，有些东西是很难放手的。)”符合题意。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据下文“followed by the least important. (然后是最不重要的事情。)”可知，此处内容与组织做事情的轻重顺序有关，选项D“Put the most important things first (把最重要的事情放在第一位，)”符合题意。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据下文“take a picture with your phone. (用手机拍张照片。)”可知，此处内容与需要保存东西时的做法有关，选项A“If you need to keep something (如果你需要保留什么东西，)”符合题意。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据下文“your situation will change. (你的情况就会改变。)”可知，此处内容与养成有条理的习惯的好处有关，选项E“If you make getting organized a habit (如果你养成了有条理的习惯，)”符合题意。故选E。 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 You may think that speaking English to yourself is a silly idea. In fact, it is one of the most ____21____ ways of improving your speaking skills. First off, speaking to yourself will ____22____ you of the fear of making mistakes and feeling ____23____ as you probably would when speaking with another person. You don’t even have to speak loudly. Yet, this will help you ____24____ the sound of your own voice when speaking English, which you may find strange at first. If you are wondering what there is to ____25____ about, you can always start by expressing the ____26____ you are having at the moment. What you say isn’t important; it’s ____27____ that you simply keep talking. Another thing you can try is ____28____ that someone is asking you questions so that you can answer them. This is an excellent way of practicing to ____29____ in English. Perfect your talking-to-yourself ____30____ by using a mirror to make short 2-3 minute impromptu speeches. Pick any topic you like, and speak about that ____31____ for several minutes straight, without ____32____. It’s important that you don’t stop speaking even if you feel that you have nothing else to ____33____ or that you can’t find the right word. Go around and express your ideas in a(n) ____34____ way. In time, you will realize how ____35____ this exercise really is. 21. A. unusual B. effective C. difficult D. similar 22. A. free B. tell C. warn D. advise 23. A. excited B. calm C. angry D. nervous 24. A. listen to B. take care of C. pass on D. get used to 25. A. learn B. speak C. worry D. discuss 26. A. methods B. stories C. ideas D. fears 27. A. natural B. interesting C. important D. strange 28. A. realizing B. remembering C. accepting D. imagining 29. A. think B. answer C. teach D. study 30. A. problem B. skill C. situation D. understanding 31. A. person B. way C. topic D. speech 32. A. forgetting B. planning C. adding D. stopping 33. A. say B. act C. change D. lose 34. A. single B. secret C. different D. common 35. A. old B. helpful C. expensive D. tiring 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是自言自语是提高口语技能最有效的方法之一。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这是提高口语技能最有效的方法之一。A. unusual不寻常的；B. effective有效的；C. difficult困难的；D. similar类似的。根据上文“You may think that speaking English to yourself is a silly idea.”可知，句子表示“事实上，这是提高口语技能最有效的方法之一”，空格处意为“有效的”。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，自言自语会让你摆脱对犯错的恐惧，也不会像和别人说话时那样感到紧张。A. free使摆脱；B. tell告诉；C. warn警告；D. advise建议。根据下文“of the fear of making mistakes”可知，自言自语会让你摆脱对犯错的恐惧。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，自言自语会让你摆脱对犯错的恐惧，也不会像和别人说话时那样感到紧张。A. excited激动的；B. calm平静的；C. angry生气的；D. nervous紧张的。根据下文“when speaking with another person”并结合常识可知，和别人说话会感到紧张。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，这将帮助你在说英语时习惯自己的声音，一开始你可能会觉得奇怪。A. listen to听；B. take care of照顾；C. pass on传递；D. get used to习惯于。根据下文“the sound of your own voice when speaking English, which you may find strange at first”可知，句子表示“这将帮助你在说英语时习惯自己的声音，一开始你可能会觉得奇怪”，空格处意为“习惯于”。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你想知道有什么好说的，你可以从表达你此刻的想法开始。A. learn学习；B. speak说；C. worry使担心；D. discuss讨论。根据下文“you can always start by expressing the ____6____ you are having at the moment”可知，如果你想知道有什么好说的，你可以从表达你此刻的想法开始。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你想知道有什么好说的，你可以从表达你此刻的想法开始。A. methods方法；B. stories故事；C. ideas想法；D. fears害怕。根据下文“you are having at the moment”可知，此处是指表达你此刻的想法开始”。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你说什么不重要；重要的是你要一直说下去。A. natural自然的；B. interesting有趣的；C. important重要的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“What you say isn’t important”可知，什么不重要，重要的是你要一直说下去。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以尝试的另一件事是想象有人在问你问题，这样你就可以回答他们。A. realizing意识到；B. remembering记得；C. accepting接受；D. imagining想象。根据下文“someone is asking you questions so that you can answer them”可知，此处指可以尝试的另一件事是想象有人在问你问题。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是练习用英语思考的好方法。A. think思考；B. answer回答；C. teach教；D. study学习。根据上文“Another thing you can try is ____8____ that someone is asking you questions so that you can answer them”可知，作者认为这是练习用英语思考的好方法。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过对着镜子做2-3分钟的即兴演讲来完善你的自言自语技巧。A. problem问题；B. skill技巧；C. situation情况；D. understanding明白。根据上文“Perfect your talking-to-yourself”可知，通过对着镜子做2-3分钟的即兴演讲来完善自言自语的技巧。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：选一个你喜欢的话题，连续讲几分钟，不要停下来。A. person人；B. way方法；C. topic话题；D. speech演讲。根据上文“Pick any topic you like”可知，此处表示说关于那个话题的东西。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：选一个你喜欢的话题，连续讲几分钟，不要停下来。A. forgetting忘记；B. planning计划；C. adding增加；D. stopping停止。根据上文“for several minutes straight”可知，此处表示连续讲几分钟，不要停下来。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是，即使你觉得自己无话可说或找不到合适的词，也不要停止说话。A. say说；B. act行动；C. change改变；D. lose丢失。根据下文“or that you can’t find the right word”可知，即使你觉得自己无话可说或找不到合适的词，也不要停止说话。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：四处走动，用不同的方式表达你的想法。A. single单一的；B. secret秘密的；C. different不同的；D. common常见的。根据上文“Perfect your talking-to-yourself 　10　　 by using a mirror to make short 2-3 minute impromptu speeches.”和“Go around ”可知，此处指用走动这个不同的方法来练习表达。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，你会意识到这个练习是多么有用。A. old老的；B. helpful有用的；C. expensive贵的；D. tiring令人疲倦的。根据下文“this exercise really is”和第一段“In fact, it is one of the most ____1____ way s of improving your speaking skills”可知，这个练习很有用。故选B。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With my high school life ____36____ (begin), I feel a little anxious right now. I hope to make a good first ____37____ (impress). But I wonder whether I will make friends or what if no one ____38____ (talk) to me. To tell the truth, the maths class was difficult for me, ____39____ the teacher was kind and friendly. He told ____40____ (we) a funny story and every student laughed so much! In the afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab. The lab is new and the lesson was ____41____ (interest), but the guy next to me tried to talk to me the whole time. Therefore, I couldn’t concentrate ____42____ the experiment. I ____43____ (real) wanted to tell him to be quiet and leave me alone! All in all, the first day is ____44____ wonderful day. Though I was worried in the morning, I didn't feel awkward or frightened at all. I believe I will make new friends in the new school here and there’s a lot ______45______ (explore) at senior high. I think that tomorrow will be a great day! 【答案】36. beginning 37. impression 38. talks 39. but 40. us 41. interesting 42. on 43. really 44. a 45. to explore 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章是一篇关于高中生活开始时的个人感受和经历的叙述。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着我的高中生活的开始，我现在感到有点焦虑。with的复合结构中，my high school life与begin之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此使用现在分词形式，故填beginning。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：我希望给人留下一个良好的第一印象。空处需填名词impression，作宾语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填impression。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：但我想知道我是否能交到朋友，或者如果没有人和我说话怎么办。句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时。主语no one是单数，因此谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式，故填talks。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：说实话，数学课对我来说很难，但老师很友好。根据上文“the maths class was difficult for me(数学课对我来说很难)”以及下文“the teacher was kind and friendly(老师很友好)”可知前后两个分句之间存在转折关系，因此使用连词but，故填but。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：他给我们讲了一个有趣的故事，每个学生都笑得很开心！tell是及物动词，后接宾格代词us作为宾语，故填us。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：实验室是新的，课程也很有趣，但坐在我旁边的那个家伙一直试图和我说话。此处应用形容词interesting作表语，描述lesson的特点，故填interesting。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：因此，我无法集中精力做实验。concentrate on是固定短语，意为“集中精力于”，故填on。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：我真的想告诉他安静点，让我一个人待会儿！此处应用副词really来修饰动词wanted，表示程度，故填really。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：总的来说，第一天是一个美好的日子。day是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且wonderful的发音以辅音音素开头，因此使用不定冠词a，故填a。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我相信我会在这个新学校结交新朋友，而且在高中有很多可以探索的东西。此处应用不定式to explore作后置定语，修饰前面的a lot，表示“有很多可以探索的东西”，故填to explore。 第四部分写作（满分 20 分） 46. 假如你是李华，你刚收到你的朋友Tom的来信，他刚进入高一，最近比较沮丧，因为学习英语遇到了一些问题，并向你询问如何学好英语。请根据下列内容给他写封回信。 1.快速适应老师，课堂认真听讲。 2.熟能生巧，学习英语一定要多练习。 3.心态尤为重要。 注意: (1)词数不少于80； (2)请适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, Knowing that you are at a loss because you have difficulty in learning English recently, I will give you some suggestions concerning learning it, hoping they can be beneficial to you. First and foremost, you are supposed to adapt to your English teacher as soon as possible and listen to him or her attentively (专心地), which is the basic step of learning English well. Second, as the saying goes, practice makes perfect, and learning English is no exception (也不例外). Therefore, you should make full use of (利用) every minute to do as many English exercises as possible. Last but not least, your state of mind matters most, so you had better be confident that you can learn English well. I hope you will find these suggestions helpful and that you will make great progress in your English. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给朋友Tom写封回信，给他提一些学好英语的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 最近：recently→lately 因此：therefore→hence 重要：matter→count 充分利用：make full use of→take full advantage of 2句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Therefore, you should make full use of (利用) every minute to do as many English exercises as possible. 拓展句：Therefore, you should make full use of (利用) every minute, so that you can do as many English exercises as possible. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that you are at a loss because you have difficulty in learning English recently, I will give you some suggestions concerning learning it, hoping they can be beneficial to you. (运用了that引导宾语从句，because引导的原因状语从句，现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] First and foremost, you are supposed to adapt to your English teacher as soon as possible and listen to him or her attentively, (专心地), which is the basic step of learning English well. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$