新概念英语第二册 Lesson 4 An exciting trip. 讲义

Lesson 4 An exciting trip 1. an/a 用法 以元音因素发音开头的单数名词前用an（注意不是元音字母开头） 以辅音因素发音开头的单数名词前用a（注意不是辅音字母开头） 练习：用an/a填空 an hour an honesty boy a useful tool an umbrella an eight-year-old boy a European a university a usual day a unicorn 2. exciting adj.令人兴奋的 vs excited adj. 感到兴奋的 讲解：V.+-ed，本质是描述人对某事物产生的某种感觉“感到……的”，侧重自身的感受，人的情绪或情感，主语多为人 V.+-ing，本质是描述引起人某种感觉的事物/人，“令人……”，侧重主语的性质和特征，主语多为事物，但也可以为人。 例句：It’s an exciting film, we were excited after seeing that. All the children are interested. 所有的孩子都很感兴趣 All the children are interesting. 所有的孩子都很有趣 He has a frightened look on his face. 他脸上带有惊恐的表情（他自己惊恐） He has a frightening look on his face. 他脸上带有吓人的表情（他的表情让人害怕） 拓展：boring vs bored interesting vs interested amusing vs amused worrying vs worried embarrassing vs embarrassed relaxing vs relaxed tiring vs tired surprising vs surprised 练习：用括号中的词-ed/-ing形式填空 ①The children were tired after the trip. (tire) ②He was worried about his worrying son. (worry) ③What do you think of your English teacher? Is she interesting ?(interest) ④When hearing the surprising news, they were surprised to look at each other.(surprise) ⑤From his amazed look, I could see he didn’t believe what I said.(amaze) 3. receive v. 接受，收到 例句：I received a letter from my grandpa last month. 搭配：receive a letter from sb = get a letter from sb= hear from sb 收到某人的来信 反义： send v. 发送 派生：reception n. 接待，接待处 例句：Let him bring a car around to reception. 让他开辆车到接待处附近来 辨析：receive vs accept receive v.: 表示收到（客观收到） accept v: 表示接受（内心，主观感受） 练习：Rose received a bunch of roses from Jack, but she didn’t accept them. 4. firm n.商行，公司 例句：My uncle is running a firm in the U.S. 同义词：company n.公司 一词多义：firm adj. 稳定的，坚定的，牢固的 搭配：as firm as rock 坚如磐石 例句：He made a firm decision to leave his hometown. 拓展：business n.公司，商业 enterprise n.公司，企业 5. different adj.不同的 搭配：be different from... 与......不同 例句：My idea is different from yours. 派生：differ v. 不同于 difference n. 区别，差异，不同 搭配：differ from 与......不同 tell the difference between 区分......的不同 反义：same adj. 相同的 搭配：the same as 与......相同 练习：I can tell the difference between the two words. Chinese cultures differ from American’s. I have the same dress as yours. 6. centre n.中心 centre=center 类似的词还有：metre=meter 搭配：in the center of 在......的中心、中部 例句：He comes from a small town in the center of China. 派生：central adj. 中央的，中心的 例句：a central location in the capital 首都中心地带 拓展： in the middle of 在......的中间 on the top of 在......的顶部 at the bottom of 在......的底部 on the edge of 在......的边缘 7. abroad adv. 在国外 搭配：go abroad 去国外 stay abroad 呆在国外 live abroad 住在国外 提示：地点副词放于动词后，中间不加介词 常用的地点副词： upstairs adv.楼上 downstairs adv.楼下 home adv.家 here adv. 这儿 there adv. 那儿 练习： go home 回家 go upstairs 上楼 go downstairs 下楼 8.语法复习：现在完成时 一、定义：①过去发生的动作对现在有影响，且强调对现在的影响 ②过去发生的动作持续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去 二、动词构成：主语+have/has(助动词)+done/been(动词的过去分词)+其他 ※注意：背诵动词不规则表 三、句型转换： [肯定句]主语+have/has been/done+表语/宾语+其他. I have been a teacher for a few years./He has learned English for many years. [否定句]主语+have/has not been/done+表语/宾语+其他. I haven’t cleaned my room yet./I haven’t been there for 2 years. [一般疑问句] Have/has+主语+been/done+表语/宾语+其他? [肯/否定回答] Yes, 主语+have/has. / No, 主语+have/has not. —Have you finished your homework? —Yes,I have./—No, I haven’t [特殊疑问句] 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been/done+表语/宾语+其他？ Where has she lived for more than 10 years? ※注意：在现在完成时态的否定句和疑问句中，仍用过去分词done，区别于一般现在时和一般过去时 四、时间状语： ①for vs since ②already vs yet ③ever vs never ④before vs ago ⑤in the past+时间 vs in the past ⑥just vs just now ⑦其他：recently, lately, so for, since then等 五、特殊用法： ①have been to/have gone to/have been in的用法以及区别 ②瞬间动词不与for,since,how long等表示连续性的时间状语连用 ③when和how long的用法 练习： 1.Lily is my classmate. We _____ each other since she came to our school.(C) A.know B.knew C.have known D.will know 2. —The computer looks so old. When did you buy it?(A) —My father _____ it for 10 years. A.has had B.has bought C.have had D.have bought 3.She _____ Maths for seven years since she _____ to this school.(B) A.taught; came B.has taught; came C.taught; has come D.has taught; has 4.How time flies! Several years _____ since we started our middle school life.(A) A.have passed B.has passed C.will pass D.passed 5. —Lily. Why are you still there?School is over for half an hour.(B) —Because I _____ my work yet. I still read one more hour. A.won’t finish B.haven’t finished C. didn’t finish D.don’t finish 6. —Where are you going for your holiday?(A) —Well, we _____ yet. A.haven’t decided B. hadn’t decided C.don’t decide D.didn’t decide 7. —Is your father a hotel manager?(B) —Yes, he is. He _____ in the hotel since we moved to this city. A.work B.has worked C.worked D.will work 8.My grandparents _____ in that city since 2006.(D) A.lived B.have arrived C.arrived D.have lived 9. —Is Danny at home now?(A) —No. He _____ the park. He _____ there half an hour ago. A.has gone to; went B.has gone to; has gone C.has been to; went D.has been to; has gone 10.The shop in WANDA PLAZA _____ for six years, but I _____ there so far.(B) A. has opened; haven’t gone B.has been open; haven’t been C.has been open; haven’t gone D.has been opened; haven’t 9.a (great) number of ... 大量的 the number of... ……的数量 练习：A number of visitors are coming to our city, and the number of them is still rising. 10.He is finding this trip very interesting. 结构：find sb/sth +adj./n./v. …… 其中adj./n.叫宾语补足语 例句：I am going to paint it pink. I will keep it a secret. I have got my hair cut. Please keep the dog out. 辨析：双宾语结构 vs 宾语+宾补 直接宾语与间接宾语之间没有相当于 is 的关系 宾语和宾补之间有相当于 is 的关系 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$