2024-2025学年初高中衔接英语句子种类（按句子结构划分）课件

句子种类 （按句子结构分） 授课人：希希 1 CONTENTS 句子种类 01 习题练习 02 2 01 句子种类（按句子结构分） 句子成分表示方法： S：Subject主语 V：Verb动词 O：Object宾语 P：Predicative表语 IO：Indirect Object间接宾语 DO：Direct Object直接宾语 OC：Object Complement宾语补足语 一、简单句 1. 主语+谓语（S+V） 谓语动词为不及物动词 I laugh. The children are sleeping. My head aches. Time flies. Tony was cooking. An accident took place. Let’s find the subject, main verb and adverbial. 主 谓 主 谓 主 谓 状 状 状 The sun rises in the east. The moon comes out with the stars. The monkeys jumped up and down. Let’s find the subject, main verb and adverbial. 主 谓 主 谓 主 谓 状 状 状 Everything has changed since the talent show. Someone is crying with sadness. Her dream will come true one day. Now, let’s know about the owl and find the elements of each sentence. 主 谓 主 谓 主 谓 状 状 状 The owl can stay up late. Every night, he stays up to find food. Instead, he sleeps during the daytime. 状 状 Now, let’s know about the owl and find the elements of each sentence. 主 谓 主 谓 状 状 The sun rises; the owl sleeps on the branch. The moon comes out, and he wakes up. Is he sleeping in the forest now? 谓 谓 谓 谓 主 主 主 状 Ms. Lark needs your help. Let's find the elements and add more details to her introduction. 状(degree) 主 谓 beautifully 状(frequency) 主 谓 often 状(time) in the morning . 状(time) 主 谓 Yesterday 状(accompaniment) with her friends 状(place) under the moon . 主 谓 状(place) in the forest 状(purpose) to wake the animals up The lark can sing . The lark sings . , she sang . Listen! She is singing . 2. 主语+谓语+宾语（S+V+O） 谓语动词为及物动词。 We attended the meeting. She stopped him. She wants to ask a question. They enjoy listening to the classical music. Nobody could answer the question. My elder sister enjoys the play. We have received his letter. 主 谓 宾 I visit relatives. Let’s find the subject, main verb and object in each sentence. OK! Find the subject, main verb and object in each sentence. 主 谓 宾 We have a good time. Let’s find the subject, main verb, object and attributive in each sentence. OK! 定 Find the subject, main verb, object and attributive in each sentence. good 主 谓 宾 We eat delicious food. 定 Wonderful! Let's learn more! delicious Find the subject, main verb, object and attributive in each sentence. 主 谓 宾 Our family don’t watch CCTV Spring Festival Gala 状 at New Year’s Eve. 1 1 2 Let’s find the subject, main verb, object and adverbial in each sentence. OK! Find the subject, main verb, object and adverbial in each sentence. 主 谓 宾 My parents don’t buy dumplings 状 at the supermarket. Wonderful! Let’s learn more! Find the subject, main verb, object and adverbial in each sentence. 主 谓 宾 The pretty girl sets off fireworks 状 during the Spring Festival. 定 pretty Find the elements of each sentence. Great! 主 谓 宾 he enjoy himself 状 during the Spring Festival? 谓 Does Find the elements of each sentence. Pretty good! 主 谓 your family do 状 at New Year’s Eve? 宾 What do 谓 定 your Wonderful! Find the elements of each sentence. 主 谓 宾 he have a 7-day vacation 状 this year? 谓 Does 定 7-day Wonderful! Find the elements of each sentence. 主 谓 宾 Chinese people visit their grandparents. On the first day of the first month of the Chinese calendar, 状 usually 状 Amazing! Find the elements of each sentence. 主 谓 you buy 状 before the Spring Festival? 宾 What do 谓 Amazing! Find the elements of each sentence. 主 谓 宾 every household will paste a spring couplet written on red paper On the eve of the Spring Festival, 状 on doors 状 状 to give a happy and prosperous atmosphere of the Festival. 状 定 written on red paper 定 happy and prosperous Amazing! Find the elements of each sentence. 3.主语+连系动词+表语（S+V+P） What is 连系动词？ （1）be动词：am，is，are，was，were （2）感官动词：look，smell，sound，taste，feel （3）变化动词：become，get，go，grow，turn （+adj. 译为“变得”） （4）保持：keep，stay，remain （+adj. 译为“保持”） （5）无实义动词：seem，prove，appear （+adj. 无实际含义，功能类比be动词，译为“是”） 3.主语+连系动词+表语（S+V+P） 谓语动词部分为连系动词。 She became a lawyer last year. He is honest. It is getting colder and colder. It tastes delicious. The meeting seems to be delayed. The desk remains dirty. 主 谓 宾 状 系 表 状 状 主 系 主 表 系 主 表 系 主 表 Find all the sentence elements and fill in the blanks. angrily relaxed worse worse impolite 2. 1. 3. 4. 5. The mother looked at her naughty daughter ____(angry). I like listening to light music. I always feel ____(relax) in a few minutes. The weather today becomes even ____(bad). Why not take a raincoat? If you don’t see the doctor at once, you’ll get even ____(ill) later on. If someone doesn’t show good manners to others, he or she is ____(polite). 判断下面句子是主谓宾还是主系表？ My sister enjoyed the play. The doctor seemed very capable. They pretend to know the facts. This kind of cloth feels very soft. His story proved false. We should clean the blackboard after using it. I try solving the problem. You look unhappy. My job is teaching English． 主谓宾 主系表 主谓宾 主系表 主系表 主谓宾 主谓宾 主系表 主谓宾 4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+Oi+Od） 谓语动词直接对象为直接宾语。 I bought Lily a present. =I bought a present to Lily. She gave me a ticket. =She gave a ticket to me. Miss Chen teaches us Chinese. =Miss Chen teaches Chinese to us. 间接宾语位于直接宾语后时，间接宾语前需要加介词。 4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+V+Oi+Od） 带特殊疑问词的不定式短语作直接宾语是常见形式。 结构：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+疑问词+不定式 She told me how to understand the article. They wanted to know where to solve the problem. The boy asked her why to do so. I asked him which one to choose. Let’s figure out the structure of the sentences. 主 直宾 we honor 状 谓 Today 间宾 will grant to three people. Let’s figure out the structure of the sentences. 主 直宾 she necessities 状 for them. 谓 As the “Mother” of girls in the school, 间宾 prepared 点剪影触发器 Let’s figure out the structure of the sentences. 主 直宾 She hopes and future. 谓 间宾 gave these girls Let’s figure out the structure of the sentences. 主 直宾 the Party and state a hand. 状 谓 Luckily, when she almost gave up, 间宾 gave her Let’s figure out the structure of the sentences. 主 直宾 He help 状 谓 间宾 and more importantly, 定 谓 间宾 直宾 状 状 offered immediate brought hope and confidence in fighting with the dangerous virus. to them them Let’s figure out the structure of the sentences. 主 直宾 He the truth 状 谓 间宾 when he couldn’t find out the cause of SARS 定 谓 间宾 直宾 状 critically sick patients to me.” 谓 told to people and stated, “Bring Let’s figure out the structure of the sentences. 主 He went 状 谓 directly from Guangzhou to Wuhan and provided 定 谓 间宾 直宾 there. treatment for patients Let’s figure out the structure of the sentences. 主 It 谓 间宾 直宾 for him. showed 定 people’s genuine trust and appreciation Let’s figure out the structure of the sentences. 主 谓 间宾 直宾 citizens them 谓 状 直宾 The chief executive of ERKE thanked and promised for their warm messages better products and services. 火眼金睛来“找茬”。 主 直宾 She a free high school 谓 间宾 decided to found for girls. S+V+O 判断下列句子成分分析是否正确。 状 主 直宾 the Party and state a hand. 状 谓 Luckily, when she almost gave up, 间宾 gave her 火眼金睛来“找茬”。 S+V+IO+DO 判断下列句子成分分析是否正确。 火眼金睛来“找茬”。 主 直宾 Up to now, over 2000 female students 谓 间宾 has sent to college from this free all-girls high school. she S+V+DO+to+IO 状 状 判断下列句子成分分析是否正确。 主 谓 间宾 直宾 people dead, missing and impaired. Torrential rain left 火眼金睛来“找茬”。 S+V+O+OC 补 判断下列句子成分分析是否正确。 主 谓 间宾 直宾 50 million yuan worth of flood to people suffering there. The company donated 火眼金睛来“找茬”。 S+V+DO+to+IO 直宾 relief supplies 定 判断下列句子成分分析是否正确。 5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（S+V+O+OC） 结构：动词+宾语+宾补，宾补说明宾语情况 They named the girl Susan. He found Nanci frustrated. I saw them perform on the stage. She regarded the boy a monitor. He left the door open. I find the movie interesting. 5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（S+V+O+OC） 使役动词make，let，have+感官动词【一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, have, make)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)】后都可接不带to的不定式作宾补。 We all made him play the piano. Tom had his bicycle repaired. I saw him enter the room. He heard a woman cry over there under a tree. Amazing! Find the elements of each sentence. The villagers didn’t allow their kids to play with him. ① 主 谓 宾 补 ② It made him angry. 谓 主 宾 补 ③ His parents had to leave him in the drawing. 谓 主 宾 补 Amazing! Find the elements of each sentence. His parents found him nowhere. 主 谓 宾 补 ④ ⑤ would make 谓 him dead at the age of three. Born as demon pill, the strong thunder 主 宾 补 状 状 His father asked the God to save Nezha. 谓 主 宾 补 ⑥ 如何判断动词后是双宾语还是宾语宾补？ We call him Jack. He is Jack. Music brings us joy. We are joy. Li Hua finds the work easy to finish. The work is easy to finish. He bought her a bike. She is a bike. √ × √ × 如果动词后面的部分，加上be动词后，能构成一个符合语义的句子，则是宾语宾补；否则为双宾。 宾语宾补 双宾 宾语宾补 双宾 verbs 接双宾语的动词有 接宾补的动词有 make have let ask tell want force feel hear listen to let have make look at see watch notice give teach buy lend find hand leave sell show read pay make offer build pass bring cook 判断下面动词后是双宾还是宾语宾补？ 1. This caused me much trouble. 2. Please remind me not to be late for the meeting. 3. His mistake cost him his job. 4. Who left the window open？ 5. The sun gives us light and warmth. 6. They all consider her a good student. 7. I found her out just now. 宾语宾补 宾语宾补 双宾 宾语宾补 双宾 宾语宾补 宾语宾补 判断下面动词后是双宾还是宾语宾补？ 8. They bought their children some toys. 9. I saw a little girl drawing under the tree. 10. He played us the record that he had just bought. 11. I heard Jean singing this morning. 12. He saw her enter the room. 13. The teacher considered him a genius. 14 . I will give you the latest newsletter. 15. Tom made the girl cry. 双宾 宾语宾补 双宾 宾语宾补 宾语宾补 宾语宾补 双宾 宾语宾补 二、并列复合句 复合句由两个陈述句构成，中间用并列连词连接。 I went shopping, and my wife went to her classes. 简单句 简单句 并列连词 1.联合并列句 He likes painting and she likes reading. Not only is he a doctor but also he is a teacher. Neither the teacher nor the students knew the answer to the difficult question. and和，not only...but (also)...不仅......而且......，neither...nor...既不......也不...... 2.转折并列句 We love peace but we aren’t afraid of war. He worked hard, yet he failed. There is plenty of rain in the southeast, while there is little in the northwest. but但是，yet但是，while然而 Let’s practice. Read the sentences, and add the appropriate conjunctions. The bell rang. The music began. The bell rang, and the music began. I went there. I couldn’t find him. I went there, but I couldn’t find him. My family went to the shopping center yesterday. We had a wonderful time. My family went to the shopping center yesterday, and we had a wonderful time. He is old. He is in good health. He is old, but he is in good health. 3.选择并列句 You can do it yourself or you can ask someone else to help. Either she or Kate goes to visit the Great Wall. or或者，either...or...要么......要么...... 4.因果并列句 He couldn’t find his pen, so he wrote in pencil. I didn’t go to the party last night, for I had an important meeting this evening. so因此，for因为 Find the elements of each sentence, then put them into one sentence. Let’s play games. Good idea! Who wins the game can get a sunflower! 主 宾 谓 主 谓 宾 Sunflower has a appearance of sun. It has yellow petals(花瓣) and green sepals(花萼). 定 green 定 yellow 定 of sun Find the elements of each sentence, then put them into one sentence. 主 宾 谓 主 谓 宾 Sunflower has a appearance of sun. It has yellow petals(花瓣) and green sepals(花萼). 定 green 定 yellow 定 of sun Sunflower has a appearance of sun and it has yellow petals and green sepals. I have another method! Sunflower has a appearance of sun with yellow petals and green sepals. Find the elements of each sentence, then put them into one sentence. The sunflower needs sunlight for its better growth. It faces the sun always. 主 谓 主 谓 状 表 状 宾 Find the elements of each sentence, then put them into one sentence. The sunflower needs sunlight for its better growth. It always faces the sun. 主 谓 主 谓 状 表 状 宾 The sunflower needs sunlight for its better growth, so it always faces the sun. Find the elements of each sentence, then put them into one sentence. 主 谓 主 状 表 系 The sunflowers are planted together. They look very beautiful. Find the elements of each sentence, then put them into one sentence. 主 谓 主 谓 状 表 When the sunflowers are planted together, they look very beautiful. The sunflowers are planted together. They look very beautiful. Find the elements of each sentence, then put them into one sentence. 主 谓 表 主 谓 宾 They’re heat tolerant(耐高温), pest resistant(防病虫害) and fast growing. They can adapt to conditions in most locations. Find the elements of each sentence, then put them into one sentence. 主 谓 表 主 谓 宾 They’re heat tolerant(耐高温), pest resistant(防病虫害) and fast growing. They can adapt to conditions in most locations. They’re heat tolerant, pest resistant and fast growing, so they can adapt to conditions in most locations. Find the elements of each sentence, then put them into one sentence. 主 谓 宾 补 主 谓 宾 主 谓 宾 补 You can use them for cut flowers. You can leave them on the stalk for a outdoor display in your garden. You can harvest and eat their seeds. Find the elements of each sentence, then put them into one sentence. 主 谓 主 谓 主 谓 宾 You can use them for cut flowers. You can leave them on the stalk for an outdoor display in your garden. You can harvest and eat their seeds. You can use them for cut flowers, leave them on the stalk for an outdoor display in your garden, or harvest and eat their seeds. 宾 状 宾 状 三、复合句 由一个主句和一个或以上的从句构成。 This is the football match which is going to be held on Friday. 简单句 简单句 连词 三、复合句 复合句 定语从句 名词性从句 状语从句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 02 习题练习 一、单项选择 1. Good friends are like stars. You don’t always see them, _______ you know they are there. A. as B. but C. for D. then 2. Confucius once said, “Everything has beauty, _____ not everyone sees it.” A. but B. or C. and 3. Spend more time talking with your parents, ______ they may not well understand you. A. or B. so C. and D. but B A A 一、单项选择 4. Read this article, ______ you will understand that not everything can be bought with money. A. or B. and C. but D. so 5. The thing that matters is not whether you fail or not, _______ whether you try or not. A. and B. or C. so D. but 6. I like noisy music, _____ neither my parents nor my sister likes it. A. and B. or C. but D. so B D C 二、句子填空 1.It was time for her to have a new baby, ____________ it was also time for the young panda to be independent. 2.It was an extremely dark, lonely country road. Neither a single person____________ any traffic was in sight at all. 3.I used to think that the flying car was a ridiculous idea. ____________ I changed my mind this morning when I sat in heavy traffic. and nor but 二、句子填空 4.Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way to success is our fear. Overcome it, ____________we will be able to achieve our goals. 5.Most importantly, though, remember the following old rule：try to eat different food, ____________not too much. 6.I had never seen what a sandstorm looked like ____________ I told him I wanted to go out just to see it for myself. and but/yet so/and 二、句子填空 7. He overcame many difficulties, ____________ he was not fortunate enough. 8. Some animals, like people, eat both plants ____________ animals. 9. She didn’t know anything about current TV shows ________ fashion trends. 10. In China, the question is not “What shall I have?” ________ “What shall we have?” Food is ordered to share with others, not just for oneself. but/yet and or but 二、句子填空 11. What all of you really wanted was coffee, not the cup, ________ you went for the best cups and then began looking at each other’s cups. 12. I am not afraid of tomorrow, ___________ I have seen yesterday and I love today. 13. He is a shy man, ___________ he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 14. Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ___________ plants can spread to new places. but/yet for but/yet for 二、句子填空 15. Give me a chance, ___________ I’ll give you a wonderful surprise. 16. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _________ some of them looked disappointed. 17. Maybe, when dancing, you think you’re not exercising _________ entertaining yourself. 18. In their opinion, universities are public assets—they should serve not only the students and faculty _________ the general public as well. and but but but 二、句子填空 20. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, _________ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time. 21. “I’ll tell you how you can improve your memory,” they say, _________ they start their advice. 22. He or she can also attend classes from wherever they are recovering—whether at home _________ from a hospital bed. but and or 二、句子填空 23. Many people seem too busy to take time to understand one another. _________ my father sees taking time to listen as essential to any relationship, whether it involves family, friendship, or work. 24. He overcame many difficulties, _________ he was not fortunate enough. 25.This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, __________ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time. But but/yet but 二、句子填空 26.My mother wants to decorate our rooms in a modem look _______ my father prefers a traditional style. 27.It was time for her to have a new baby, _______ it was also time for the young panda to independent. 28.He is a shy man, _________ he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 29.Give me a chance, __________ I’ll give you a wonderful surprise. while and but/yet and 二、句子填空 30.Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, _________ plants can spread to new places. 31.Make up your mind, _________ you will miss the valuable chance. so or Thank you for watching. 82 $$