精品解析：浙江省嘉兴市清华附中嘉兴实验高级中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月学科综合素养测试英语试题

2023-2024学年10月学科综合素养测试 高二英语试题卷（2023.10） 本试题卷共11页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 考生注意： 1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名，考号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在答题卷规定的位置上。 2. 答题时，请按照答题卷上“考生须知”的要求，在答题卷相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man want to get? A. A tennis ball. B. A table. C. Tap water. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. Buying materials. B. Painting a picture. C. Preparing for an art lesson. 3. How much will the man pay? A. Three dollars. B. Five dollars. C. Seven dollars. 4. What does the man say about the restaurant? A. The waiters were noisy. B. The food was not his thing. C. The atmosphere was friendly. 5. Where are the speakers? A. In a hotel. B. In the public house. C. In a supermarket. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Manager and secretary. 7. What does the woman suggest adding to the presentation? A More facts. B. More figures. C. More pictures. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What are the speakers discussing? A. The man’s house. B. The effects of global warming. C. The man’s job. 9. What is always nice according to the man? A. Animals can get more food. B. Green can be seen all year round. C. He lives by the sea. 10. What could farmers grow before? A. Grass. B. Vegetables. C. Trees. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. When will Singing with Guitar finish tonight? A. At 8:00. B. At 9:00. C. At 10:00. 12. What will the man do on Wednesday? A. Sing folk songs. B. Watch a performance. C. Meet a journalist. 13. Where will the man probably go next? A. The student services office. B. The school hall. C. The lecture room. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the aim of the campaign? A. To remind people of Earth Day. B. To encourage people to reduce garbage. C. To warn people of the bad effects of pollution. 15. What will be the task on the second day? A. Planting trees. B. Designing posters. C. Collecting garbage. 16. What does the man expect the teachers to do? A. Paint paper. B. Stop driving cars. C. Decorate classrooms. 17. How does Sara find the man’s ideas? A. Ridiculous. B. Confusing. C. Wonderful. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What did the speaker persuade the school to do to raise money? A. Organize a concert. B. Collect the rubbish. C. Sell second- hand books. 19. How much more did the action group need after collecting money for six months? A. £15,000. B. £10,000. C. £5,000. 20. What was most community members’ attitude towards using Xcite? A. Concerned. B. Uncaring. C. Approving. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Kimchi, which tastes similar to the Chinese Pao Cai, is not only a main dish eaten at nearly every meal by Koreans, but also an important ingredient(配料)in many other Korean foods. While the most popular variety is the spicy kimchi made of cabbage, there are more than 100 different types of kimchi made of various vegetables, like radish(小萝卜), onion or carrot. Thanks to its unique fermentation(发酵)process, kimchi is selected by the American magazine Health as one of the top five healthiest foods in the world and helps prevent the growth of cancer. Cabbage Kimchi Enjoyed by most Koreans, Cabbage Kimchi is made with a whole, uncut salted cabbage mixed with Korean chili powder, garlic, fish sauce(酱)and other spices. Radish Kimchi The basic ingredients used for creating this kimchi are the same to those used to make Cabbage Kimchi, except that the cabbage is replaced with radish. The distinct characteristics of this kimchi are that it is pleasantly hard and that it makes a noise when you chew it. Water Kimchi This is a less spicy kind of kimchi that uses both cabbage and radish. Using a great deal of kimchi water, it tastes sweeter than other types of kimchi due to the addition of sliced fruits such as apple and pear. Young Radish Kimchi Young Radish Kimchi is prepared and eaten in summer when cabbages are not yet ready for harvest. This kimchi is made using young summer radishes, mixed with Korean chili powder and green onions, giving it a unique smell and taste. 1. Which kimchi tastes sweet and less spicy? A. Water Kimchi. B. Cabbage Kimchi. C. Radish Kimchi. D. Young Radish Kimchi. 2. When is Young Radish Kimchi prepared? A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn. D. In winter. 3. What can we say about the Korean kimchi? A. It tastes the same to Pao Cai. B. It has to be mixed with onions. C. It is a type of fermented food. D. It is just used as an ingredient. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种韩国泡菜。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Water Kimchi 部分中“This is a less spicy kind of kimchi that uses both cabbage and radish. Using a great deal of kimchi water, it tastes sweeter than other types of kimchi due to the addition of sliced fruits such as apple and pear.（这是一种不太辣泡菜，用的是卷心菜和萝卜。因为加入了苹果、梨等切片水果，所以加入了大量泡菜水，比其他泡菜更甜。）”可知，Water Kimchi尝起来甜而不辣。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Young Radish Kimchi 部分中“Young Radish Kimchi is prepared and eaten in summer when cabbages are not yet ready for harvest. （小萝卜泡菜是在夏天卷心菜还没有成熟的时候准备和食用的。）”可知，小萝卜泡菜是在夏天被准备的。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Thanks to its unique fermentation (发酵)process,kimchi is selected by the American magazine Health as one of the top five healthiest foods in the world and helps prevent the growth of cancer.（泡菜因其独特的发酵过程，被美国《健康》杂志选为世界五大健康食品之一，并有助于预防癌症的生长。）”可知，韩国泡菜是一种发酵食品。故选C。 B Two weeks ago, I had an amazing trip to my friend's house in Serawai. Serawai is the name of a sub-district in Sintang Regency, Indonesia. At that time, I was warmly welcomed by peaceful green yard. My trip was full of unforgettable moments: great people, delicious food, new cultures. However, what left a remarkable impression on me was meeting up with my friend's dad, Fx. Ngawan. He is now working as an education supervisor in Sintang Regency. At our first encounter, he looks like a typical Dayaknese man with dark skin. As he mentioned that he used to be an English teacher, we discovered we were a match! I am an English teacher myself. More importantly, he is a language enthusiast and a hyperpolyglot(超级多语者). During the talk, we often switched from one language to the other such as Indonesian, English, Javanese to Ahe. He is now fluent in at least 15 languages and most of them are local languages. When he was assigned to be a teacher and education supervisor he had to go all the way rom Serawai sub-district to Sintang Regency by motorcycle, riding about 170 km by motorcycle. The trip can take six hours if the day is bright and sunny. However, it is not uncommon for him to spend three to seven days for the journey if the raining season comes. Therefore, he has to stop at some villages if he can't continue the trip and meet up with people with so many different languages along the way. So, whenever he stops in a particular village, he learns a different language. For him, learning languages helps him to connect with people. In our last talk, he highlighted(强调) the importance of learning languages. He hopes hat the younger generation in Indonesia start realizing that language is the gate to open up so many opportunities. Local languages are facing disappearance because more people are leaving it behind. When people stop speaking the languages, the knowledge and culture from that language will also disappear. 4. What do the author and Ngawan have in common? A. Being Typical Dayaknese people. B. Being a hyperpolyglot. C. Being English teachers. D. Mastering several languages. 5. How was Ngawan's motorcycle trip? A. Difficult. B. Instructive. C. Exciting. D. Interesting. 6. What benefit did Ngawan get in his long trip? A. He got enough rest. B. He learned some languages. C. He did much exercise. D. He made many friends. 7. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Learning languages isn't an easy job. B. Young people don't grasp opportunities. C. Local languages are being more important. D. Languages and culture are closely related. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者两年前去Serawai的朋友家，给作者留下深刻印象的是朋友的父亲。作者描述了朋友父亲过去教学的艰难经历。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。文章第三段提到“As he mentioned that he used to be an English teacher, we discovered we were a match! I am an English teacher myself.（当他提到他曾经是一名英语老师时，我们发现我们是一对!我自己就是一名英语老师）”可知，Ngawan原先是一个英语老师，而作者也是一名英语老师。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。文章第四段提到“he had to go all the way rom Serawai sub-district to Sintang Regency by motorcycle, riding about 170 km by motorcycle. The trip can take six hours if the day is bright and sunny. However, it is not uncommon for him to spend three to seven days for the journey if the raining season comes.（从Serawai街道到Sintang Regency，他不得不骑摩托车，要骑大约170公里。如果天气晴朗的话，这趟旅程需要6个小时。然而，如果雨季来临，他通常要花上三到七天的时间）”可知，泥泞的道路是他不得不走这么长时间的原因，由此推知他的行程是艰难的。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。文章第四段最后几句提到“Therefore, he has to stop at some villages if he can't continue the trip and meet up with people with so many different languages along the way. So, whenever he stops in a particular village, he learns a different language. For him, learning languages helps him to connect with people.（因此，如果他不能继续旅行，他就不得不在一些村庄停下来，沿途遇到拥有多种不同语言的人。所以，每当他停留在一个特定的村庄，他学会了一种不同的语言。对他来说，学习语言帮助他与人们建立联系）”可知，Ngawan在长途旅行中学会了一些语言。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。文章最后一句“When people stop speaking the languages, the knowledge and culture from that language will also disappear.（当人们不再说这种语言时，这种语言的知识和文化也将消失）”由此可知语言和文化是密切相关的。故选D。 C Every few years, snowshoe hare (白靴兔) numbers in the Canadian Yukon climb to a peak. As hare populations increase, so do those of their predators (捕食者): lynx and coyotes. Then hare populations fall and their predators start to die off. The cycle is a famous phenomenon among ecologists and has been studied since the 1920s. In recent years, though, researchers have found hare numbers fall from their peak not just because predators eat too many of them. Long-lasting stress from living surrounded by killers causes mother hares to eat less food and bear fewer babies. The trauma (创伤) of living through such threats causes lasting changes in brain chemistry, keeping the hares from reproducing at normal levels. And it’s not just snowshoe hares, as behavioral ecologists Liana Zanette and Michael Clinchy, who study what they call the ecology of fear, have shown. They’ve found that fear of predators can cause other wild mammals (哺乳动物) and songbirds to bear and raise fewer young. The offspring of frightened voles and song sparrows are less likely to succeed in reproducing. These findings add to a growing body of evidence showing that fearful experiences can have long-lasting effects on wildlife and suggesting that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is not only unique to humans, but shared among other creatures. Rudy Boonstra, a population ecologist at the University of Toronto, sees the response of snowshoe hares as an adaptation that allows the animals to make the best of a bad situation. Animals stressed by many predators spend more time hiding and less time feeding, so they produce fewer young—but that may allow more adult hares to survive to rebuild the population when the cycle starts again. Despite the evidence that a wide range of animals experience the long-term impacts of extreme stress, some psychologists still hold their human-centric (以人为本的) view of PTSD. “It is defined in terms of human responses,” says neurobiologist David Diamond. “There is no biological measure—you can’t get a blood test that says someone has PTSD. This is a psychological disease, and that’s why I call it a human disorder. Because a rat can’t tell you how it feels.” 8. What did researchers find about snowshoe hares lately? A. Their predators are in danger of dying out. B. Their numbers decline partly because of stress. C. Their safety is threatened by lynx and coyotes. D. Their populations rise and fall every few years. 9. Which of the following would Zanette and Clinchy agree with? A. PTSD exists among wild animals. B. It is hard for animals to remember trauma. C. Snowshoe hares suffer more than other mammals. D. Birds attract fewer predators than land animals do. 10. What does Diamond express in the last paragraph? A. PTSD is a uniquely human problem. B. Blood tests help identify animals’ PTSD. C. PTSD is a normal adaptive response. D. More animals are suffering from PTSD. 11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To give a brief introduction to PTSD. B. To talk about how to get over trauma. C. To discuss how fear might hurt animals. D. To call for the protection of snowshoe hares. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。最新研究发现，一些动物因长期遭受天敌的追杀而会出现创伤后应激障碍。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Long-lasting stress from living surrounded by killers causes mother hares to eat less food and bear fewer babies. (生活在杀手周围的长期压力导致白靴母兔吃得更少，生的孩子更少)”可知，白靴兔数量下降的部分原因是由于压力。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段首句“And it’s not just snowshoe hares, as behavioral ecologists Liana Zanette and Michael Clinchy, who study what they call the ecology of fear, have shown. (行为生态学家Liana Zanette和Michael Clinchy研究了他们所谓的恐惧生态学已经表明，不仅仅是白靴兔)”以及末句“These findings add to a growing body of evidence showing that fearful experiences can have long-lasting effects on wildlife and suggesting that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is not only unique to humans, but shared among other creatures. (这些发现增加了越来越多的证据，表明恐惧经历会对野生动物产生长期影响，并表明创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)不仅是人类独有的，而且是其他生物共有的)”可知，Zanette和Clinchy都认为创伤后应激障碍在野生动物中也很常见。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句“Despite the evidence that a wide range of animals experience the long-term impacts of extreme stress, some psychologists still hold their human-centric (以人为本的) view of PTSD. “It is defined in terms of human responses,” says neurobiologist David Diamond. (尽管有证据表明，许多动物都经历过极端压力的长期影响，但一些心理学家仍然坚持以人为中心的PTSD观点。“这是根据人类的反应来定义的，”神经生物学家David Diamond说。)”可知，Diamond认为创伤后应激障碍是人类特有的问题，而动物并不会出现这样的问题。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段末句“These findings add to a growing body of evidence showing that fearful experiences can have long-lasting effects on wildlife and suggesting that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is not only unique to humans, but shared among other creatures. (这些发现增加了越来越多的证据，表明恐惧经历会对野生动物产生长期影响，并表明创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)不仅是人类独有的，而且是其他生物共有的。)”可知，作者通过本文主要谈论了恐惧是如何给动物带来伤害的，即：由于天敌的追杀，它们长期生活在压力之下并由此导致雌性生育率下降，进而使种群数量减少。故选C。 D The next big stage, the improvement from automatic to truly autonomous trains, is already here. It will take train autonomy to the next level, beyond the automated performance on closed loops (圈；环) such as automatic rail lines today and onto the vast expanse of international railways. That will mean that the next generation of trains will be able to locate themselves in their environment and interact with other train traffic without human assistance. They will have the ability to detect and manage on their own all elements of their environment, designed by a connected traffic management system. The transition toward train autonomy is speeding, says Kai Taylor, Thales Marketing & Communications Director Main Line Rail Signalling, and for a reason that can be summed up in one word: digitalisation. “The key to success,” says Kai Taylor, “is in fact what is in ‘the Thales DNA’ — the digital technologies across Thales business units-aerospace, space, transportation, defence and security.” “These technologies represent the pieces of the puzzle to achieve real train autonomy. They are artificial intelligence, big data, connectivity, including the internet of things linking trains to intelligent railway switches, and with netsecurity built in. We have sensors for obstacle (障碍) detection from Thales defence, safe and precise satellite positioning from our space and avionics (航空电子设备) division, IoT connectivity from our recent purchase Gemalto, cybersecurity from the Thales security sector and the trusted explainable and approvable artificial intelligence led by Thales for safe decisions. Taken together, they will provide the train with true autonomy for safe and efficient operations.” Of course, all these technologies are at the base of the Thales ground and air transportation sector’s current offerings for efficient, safe and reliable travel in the air or on the ground. Kai Taylor explains, “We’re unique in having the experience and the expertise in all aspects of mobility, including Thales global leadership in air and train management systems which are assuring rail and air travel for airlines and rail operators all over the world.” 12. What will truly autonomous trains do? A. Carry out the automated performance on closed loops. B. Communicate with other trains with the help of humans. C. Examine and deal with the situations of the surroundings. D. Travel automatically with great speeds using solar powers. 13. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Their environment. B. The transition’ speeding. C. Human assistance. D. The ability to locate themselves. 14. What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us? A. How digitalisation works in real train autonomy. B. What sensors on the autonomous trains deal with C. What will provide the train with safety and efficiency. D. How obstacles are removed from the paths of trains. 15. What’s Kai Taylor’s attitude towards the future of autonomous trains? A. Cautious. B. Concerned. C. Critical. D. Confident. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了列车由自动向自主发展的趋势。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。从第二段的第二句“They will have the ability to detect and manage on their own all elements of their environment, designed by a connected traffic management system.”（经关联交通管理系统设计，自主运行列车能够独立检测与处理全部环境因素。）可知，自主运行列车可以独立检测和处理环境因素。故选C项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。结合指代关系和上文“The transition toward train autonomy is speeding”（列车自主化的变革正在加快脚步）可知，此处that指代的是上文提到的“列车自主化的变革速度”。故选B项。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全段，结合首句中的“These technologies”（这些技术）可知，全段讲述了诸如物联网、障碍物检测传感器、卫星定位、人工智能等数字化技术在自主运行列车上的运用。故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。文章最后一段讲述了凯·泰勒对自主运行列车的看法，其中由“We’re unique in having the experience and the expertise in all aspects of mobility”（我们在各方面的流动性具有独到的经验与专业知识）可知，凯·泰勒表示他们具备独一无二的经验与专业知识，说明他对自主运行列车是非常有信心的。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 “If you buy things you do not need, soon you will have to sell things you need.” This is a piece of wise advice from Warren Buffet, arguably one of the greatest financial minds of the 21st century. ____16____ This is true especially in the present economic climate. While the idea of being frugal(节俭的) has long been a part of Eastern culture, the relatively recent growth of wealth in China as well as the ease of purchasing has led to increased consumerism for many across the country. Yet this increased consumption of goods has been pushing up the prices of certain bare essentials such as housing, transportation and food, which is forcing people to reevaluate their priorities while spending money. ____17____ The internet is flooded with advice on where one can save money as well as good opinions about how they should spend their money. For example, clothes can be bought second-hand, but you should never skip a visit to the dentist. ____18____ In the meanwhile, you should limit those that are fancy but not entirely necessary. Of course, it is still fine to occasionally spend money on a nice vacation, but buying thirty pairs of shoes you will only wear a few times is neither responsible nor sustainable. Hopefully, we all fully understand at this point that the resources on the earth are indeed limited. ____19____ As a result, the choice (forced or not) to be frugal is not only good for one’s wallet, but also beneficial to the planet in the long run. Have you ever chosen to starve yourself to get a pair of limited-edition sneakers? ____20____ A. A continuous growth model on this planet is by no means sustainable. B. These words have always not been taken seriously by young people. C. They are meant to encourage people to buy more stuff than they need. D. It makes sense to prioritize goods and services that directly affect your health. E. It is no wonder then that being frugal is once again becoming a dominant trend. F. Many young people today appear to be taking these words very much to heart. G. If so it is high time you started making changes for yourself and for all humanity. 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍21世纪年轻人的节俭观念。 【16题详解】 根据上文““If you buy things you do not need, soon you will have to sell things you need.” This is a piece of wise advice from Warren Buffet, arguably one of the greatest financial minds of the 12st century. (“如果你买了不需要的东西，很快你就必须卖掉你需要的东西。”这是沃伦·巴菲特的一条明智建议，他可以说是21世纪最伟大的金融大亨之一。)”和下文“This is true especially in the present economic climate. (这是真的，尤其是在目前的经济环境下。)”和“While the idea of being frugal(节俭的) has long been a part of Eastern culture, the relatively recent growth of wealth in China as well as the ease of purchasing has led to increased consumerism for many across the country. Yet this increased consumption of goods has been pushing up the prices of certain bare essentials such as housing, transportation and food, which is forcing people to reevaluate their priorities while spending money. (虽然节俭的观念长期以来一直是东方文化的一部分，但中国最近的财富增长以及购买的便利性导致了全国许多人的消费主义加剧。然而，这种商品消费的增加推高了某些基本必需品的价格，如住房、交通和食品，这迫使人们在花钱时重新评估自己的优先事项。)”可知，这里表明现在年轻人的做法和巴菲特的观点是一致的。选项F“如今，许多年轻人似乎非常重视这些话。”和上文意思一致。故选F。 【17题详解】 根据上文“While the idea of being frugal(节俭的) has long been a part of Eastern culture, the relatively recent growth of wealth in China as well as the ease of purchasing has led to increased consumerism for many across the country. Yet this increased consumption of goods has been pushing up the prices of certain bare essentials such as housing, transportation and food, which is forcing people to reevaluate their priorities while spending money. (虽然节俭的观念长期以来一直是东方文化的一部分，但中国最近的财富增长以及购买的便利性导致了全国许多人的消费主义加剧。然而，这种商品消费的增加推高了某些基本必需品的价格，如住房、交通和食品，这迫使人们在花钱时重新评估自己的优先事项。)”可知，这是年轻人节俭的社会原因。选项E“因此，节俭再次成为主流也就不足为奇了。”和上文意思一致。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据上文“For example, clothes can be bought second-hand, but you should never skip a visit to the dentist. (例如，衣服可以买二手的，但你永远不应该错过看牙医的机会。)”可知，花钱的时候要先考虑健康。选项D“优先考虑直接影响你健康的商品和服务是有意义的。”和上文意思一致。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Hopefully, we all fully understand at this point that the resources on the earth are indeed limited. (希望在这一点上，我们都能充分理解地球上的资源确实是有限的。)”可知，这里提到地球上的资源确实是有限的。选项A“这个星球上的持续增长模式是不可持续的。”和上文意思一致。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Have you ever chosen to starve yourself to get a pair of limited-edition sneakers? (你有没有选择饿着肚子去买一双限量版运动鞋？)”可知，这里表明让人们自己从自身看有没有做到为了地球的可持续发展而努力。选项G“如果是这样的话，那就是你开始为自己和全人类做出改变的时候了。”和上文意思一致。故选G。 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Long ago, in a village lived a wise old man. All the villagers were unhappy because they thought their neighbours had better lives, so day and night the ____21____ townsfolk would burst into the old man’s house for endless ____22____ about their fortune. Early one brisk autumn morning, the old man posted a huge sign in the village square that ____23____: ALL CITIZENS WILL GATHER HERE AT NOON. BRING A BIG GREEN PICKLE (泡菜). At twelve sharp all the villagers gathered in the square with a big, green pickle. The old man said, “I want you all to put your pickle down by your feet!” The crowd became ____24____. After considerable ____25____ and complaining, the villagers did as the old man said. Then the old man spoke once again, “Imagine that everything you are — your wisdom and your ____26____, your blessings and your misfortune, your ____27____ and your weaknesses — is in your pickle. If you don’t like your pickle, no big deal. ____28____ someone else’s. Go ahead and choose.” With that ____29____, all the villagers now had the overwhelming _____30_____ of deciding whose pickle they wanted. The baker’s eye _____31_____ fell on the schoolteacher’s pickle. The schoolteacher’s eye _____32_____ over to the tailor’s. Every eye _____33_____ every pickle in town. However, when it was over, the townspeople — every single one of them — had _____34_____ their very own pickles. Since that day, whenever a villager approached the old man to complain, he would simply say, “It’s your _____35_____; you picked it.” 21. A. boring B. noisy C. nervous D. envious 22. A. complaints B. quarrels C. discussions D. suggestions 23. A. wrote B. read C. noted D. displayed 24. A. excited B. awkward C. silent D. restless 25. A. approving B. attempting C. doubting D. reviewing 26. A. foolishness B. intelligence C. courage D. inspiration 27. A. shortcomings B. talents C. confidence D. wealth 28. A. Pick B. Admire C. Post D. Value 29. A. assistance B. command C. announcement D. promise 30. A. profit B. task C. method D. fear 31. A. gradually B. constantly C. immediately D. casually 32. A. circled B. passed C. pulled D. shot 33. A. examined B. marked C. competed D. labeled 34. A. put away B. taken back C. missed out D. set aside 35. A. fortune B. choice C. pickle D. lesson 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了村民们因为认为他们的邻居过得更好而不开心，村里一位睿智的老人让村民们带着一个大的绿色泡菜到广场集合，请他们想象泡菜里有一切自己的事物，如果不满意，就去选别人的，结果村民们最终还是选择了自己的泡菜，因此无法再抱怨下去。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有的村民都不高兴，因为他们认为邻居的生活比他们好，所以嫉妒的村民日夜冲进老人的房子，没完没了地抱怨他们的财富。A. boring令人厌烦的；B. noisy嘈杂的；C. nervous紧张的；D. envious嫉妒的。根据上文“All the villagers were unhappy because they thought their neighbours had better lives”可知，村民们因为认为他们的邻居过得更好而不开心，因此他们会产生嫉妒的心理。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有的村民都不高兴，因为他们认为邻居的生活比他们好，所以嫉妒的村民日夜冲进老人的房子，没完没了地抱怨他们的财富。A. complaints抱怨；B. quarrels争吵；C. discussions讨论；D. suggestions建议。根据下文“whenever a villager approached the old man to complain”可知，后来还是有村民向老人抱怨，此处应呼应下文，表示村民没完没了地向老人抱怨他们的财富。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个秋高气爽的清晨，老人在村广场上张贴了一个巨大的告示，上面写着：全体村民中午在此集合。带一个大的绿色泡菜。A. wrote写；B. read（指示牌、信息上）写着；C. noted注意到；D. displayed展示。根据上文“a huge sign”和下文“LL CITIZENS WILL GATHER HERE AT NOON. BRING A BIG GREEN PICKLE (泡菜)”可推知，read“（指示牌、信息上）写着”符合语境，侧重物显示内容，句中表示告示上写着具体的内容，write侧重人发出的动作，不符合语境。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人群变得焦躁不安起来。A. excited兴奋的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. silent沉默的；D. restless不安的。根据下文“After considerable ____5____ and complaining”可知，在听到老人的话之后，村民们抱怨了一番，因此应该是变得焦躁不安。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过一番怀疑和抱怨，村民们照老人说的做了。A. approving批准；B. attempting尝试；C. doubting怀疑；D. reviewing回顾。根据下文“and complaining”可知，村民们在抱怨，空处和complaining是并列的关系，doubting“怀疑”符合语境，表示他们怀疑和抱怨。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：想象一下，你的一切——你的智慧和愚蠢，你的幸运和不幸，你的才能和短处——都在你的泡菜中。A. foolishness愚蠢；B. intelligence智力；C. courage勇气；D. inspiration灵感。根据下文“your blessings and your misfortune”可知，老人让村民们想象的都是相互对立的事物，例如幸运和不幸，因此应用wisdom“智慧”的反义表达foolishness“愚蠢”。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：想象一下，你的一切——你的智慧和愚蠢，你的幸运和不幸，你的才能和短处——都在你的泡菜中。A. shortcomings缺点；B. talents才能；C. confidence信心；D. wealth财富。根据上文“your blessings and your misfortune”可知，老人让村民们想象的都是相互对立的事物，例如幸运和不幸，因此应用weaknesses“短处”的反义表达talents“才能”。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：选择别人的。A. Pick选择；B. Admire钦佩；C. Post发帖子；D. Value珍视。根据下文“Go ahead and choose.”可知，老人让村民们去选，因此应该是选择别人的。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了这则宣告，所有的村民现在都面临着一项艰巨的任务，那就是决定他们想要谁的泡菜。A. assistance协助；B. command命令；C. announcement宣告；D. promise承诺。根据上文老人让村民们想象泡菜里有一切自己的事物，如果不满意，就去选别人的可知，此处指老人的宣告。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了这则宣告，所有的村民现在都面临着一项艰巨的任务，那就是决定他们想要谁的泡菜。A. profit利润；B. task任务；C. method方法；D. fear恐惧。根据上文“Go ahead and choose.”可知，老人让村民们如果不满意就去选别人的泡菜，因此应该是有了一个任务，决定要谁的泡菜。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：面包师的目光立刻落在了学校老师的泡菜上。A. gradually逐渐；B. constantly不断；C. immediately立即；D. casually随意地。根据上文“All the villagers were unhappy because they thought their neighbours had better lives”可知，村民们因为认为他们的邻居过得更好而不开心，因此在这种可以选别人的泡菜，选别人拥有的事物的时候，应该会立即看向别人的泡菜。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师的目光转向裁缝的（泡菜）。A. circled圈出；B. passed通过；C. pulled拉，拽；D. shot转向。根据上文“eye”和下文“over to the tailor’s”可推知，shot“转向”符合语境，表示目光转向裁缝的泡菜。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每只眼睛都检查了镇上的每一个泡菜。A. examined检查；B. marked标记；C. competed竞争；D. labeled标记。根据上文“deciding whose pickle they wanted”可知，村民们要决定自己要的那个泡菜，因此他们应该会认真看别人的泡菜，检查那些泡菜。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，结束时，镇上的人——他们每一个人——都把自己的泡菜拿了回来。A. put away收起，放好；B. taken back收回；C. missed out错过；D. set aside搁置，暂时不考虑。根据上文“However”可知，此处语义有转折，虽然村民们看向别人的泡菜，但最终还是选的自己的泡菜，因此是收回自己的泡菜。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是你的泡菜；是你挑的。A. fortune财富；B. choice选择；C. pickle泡菜；D. lesson课。根据下文“you picked it”可知，老人对村民说这是“你”挑的，此处是it所指的对象，应该是pickle“泡菜”，以此比喻村民自己的生活。故选C。 第二节 语法填空（共15个小题；每小题1分，共15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 A company named “Future Tours” transported Li Qiang and his friend Wang Ping ___36___ (safe) into the future in a time capsule. They climbed ___37___ through a small opening and soon the journey ___38___ (complete). They were still on the earth but 1,000 years in the future. Confused by the new surroundings, Li Qiang was hit by a lack of fresh air. Li Qiang chose ___39___ hovering carriage driven by computer and began ___40___ (move). There were so many carriages ___41___ he lost sight of Wang Ping. A few minutes ___42___ (late), Li Qiang caught sight of Wang Ping. ___43___ (arrive) at a house, he was surprised to see tree ___44___ (leaf) surrounding the house and they provided the house with much-needed oxygen. ____45____ a good dinner, Li Qiang felt exhausted, so he slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 【答案】36. safely 37. in 38. was completed 39. a 40. to move 41. that 42. later 43. Arriving 44. leaves 45. After 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了李强和王平进行未来之旅的情况。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：一家名为“未来之旅”的公司将李强和他的朋友王平乘坐时间胶囊安全地送到了未来。空格处修饰动词transported，所以需要用副词；safe的副词形式为safely，意为“安全地”。故填safely。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：他们从一个小洞口爬进去，很快旅程就结束了。此处指的是“爬进去”；climb in意为“爬进去”，为固定短语。故填in。 【38题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：他们从一个小洞口爬进去，很快旅程就结束了。and连接两个并列的分句；所以空格处需要填入谓语动词，主语为the journey，与动词complete之间为被动关系，所以需要使用被动语态，结合前文的climbed可知描述的是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，所以be动词用was。故填was completed。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：李强选择了一台电脑驱动的悬停小车，开始移动。空格处位于单数可数名词“hovering carriage”前，且表示泛指，hovering的首字母发音为辅音，所以用a。故填a。 【40题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：李强选择了一台电脑驱动的悬停小车，开始移动。begin to do sth.开始做某事，此处指的是“开始移动”。故填to move。 【41题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：马车太多了，他看不见王平。so... that...“如此……以至于……”，that引导的从句为结果状语从句，由句意可知，空后表示车厢太多引起的结果。故填 that。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：几分钟后，李强看见了王平。此处表示过了几分钟，later“之后”。故填later。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：来到一所房子前，他惊讶地看到房子周围都是树叶，它们为房子提供了急需的氧气。句子中已经有谓语动词was ，因此需要填入非谓语动词；arrive与其逻辑主语he为主动关系，所以空处要用现在分词形式作状语。句首单词首字母大写，故填Arriving。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：来到一所房子前，他惊讶地看到房子周围都是树叶，它们为房子提供了急需的氧气。leaf意为“树叶”，为可数名词；此处指的是“房子周围都是树叶”，所以要用名词复数形式表示泛指。故填leaves。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：吃了一顿美餐后，李强感到筋疲力尽，于是他滑上床，很快就睡着了。睡觉是发生在吃饭后，所以空处要用after表示“在……之后”。故填After。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 近几十年，出国留学的人数剧增。你们班就“中学生出国留学”这一话题展开了一次热烈的讨论。请你就此次讨论，给校报写一篇短文，内容包括： 1. 同学们的不同意见； 2. 你的观点和建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Studying Abroad As Middle School Students: Is It a Good Or a Bad Idea? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Studying Abroad As Middle School Students: Is It a Good Or a Bad Idea? In recent year, more and more students go abroad for further study after graduating from middle school. Last week our class had a discussion on whether studying abroad as middle school students a good or a bad idea? Some students hold the opinion that it is good idea to study abroad. First, they have to communicate with local people in English so that they can make rapid progress in their foreign language study. Second, it is also a good chance for them to learn a foreign culture and know better about Westerners. However, other students hold the opposite opinion. They think they are too young to take care of themselves. Moreover, studying abroad costs so much that most parents can hardly afford it. As for me, I think studying abroad is challenging, and we can learn to depend on ourselves. We can see the wonderful outside world as well. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生向校报投稿，就班级讨论的“中学生出国留学”这一话题写出同学们的不同意见并表达自己的观点和意见。 【详解】1.词汇积累 为了：so that→in order that 观点：opinion→view 照顾：take care of→look after/care for 依靠：depend on→rely on 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Moreover, studying abroad costs so much that most parents can hardly afford it. 拓展句：Moreover, studying abroad costs so much as most parents can hardly afford. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Last week our class had a discussion on whether studying abroad as middle school students a good or a bad idea?（运用了whether引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】First, they have to communicate with local people in English so that they can make rapid progress in their foreign language study. （运用了so that引导的目的状语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “You signed us up for what?” Lu’s eyes widened as Jamie grinned at her. “A charity bike ride. It’d be fun!” She stared at him open-mouthed. “Fun? But I haven’t ridden a bike for years, Jamie. And I hate exercise! How long is this ride?” Lu could feel her muscle shrinking at the mere thought of it. “Only 20 kilometers.” Lucinda swiped the brightly coloured leaflet advertising the bike ride from her husband’s hand. “Twenty kilometres? That’s a half marathon, Jamie!” She tossed the leaflet back at him. “Well you can count me out. I’m not fit enough to run five minutes round the block, let alone hours on a bike.” “But you will be in a couple of months. I thought we could train for it together.” Jamie patted his beer belly. “I’m not exactly in great shape at the moment. And you’ re always saying we don’t get to spend enough time together!” He gave her his best winning grin. A smile fell across Lucinda’s lips. It was true, she was always saying that lately. Though spending her weekends cycling was not exactly what she’d had in mind. A wave of sadness spun through her heart. The past few months had been... difficult. She had lost her job and was struggling to find a new one. Being at home, scrolling through job adverts and waiting for interview replies, had left her feeling stuck. Jamie had been working extra hours to support financially, but that only added to her guilt. Despite trying to stay positive, life had somehow skidded to a stop. “I’m not sure,” Lu sighed. “It’s not a race, but a joy ride, Lu.” Jamie reassured her, nudging her playfully. “Plus, I’ve already rented us a tandem bike(双人自行车)!” “A tandem?” Lu’s eyes flashed with horror. “Are you mad?” She stared at him. “You’re not even joking, are you?” Doubts crept into her mind as she imagined the challenges of coordinating their movements on a shared bike. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Actually, the first training session did not go well. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It seemed cycling had truly got their lives moving forward again. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Actually, the first training session did not go well. The moment they picked up the bicycle, the sky filled with drizzle and Lucinda’s mood turned dark. “This is stupid, Jamie,” she scowled, “What on earth are we doing here?” Jamie, however, beamed brightly and held the bicycle steady for her to climb on. Along the track, they were greeted with friendly greetings and cheers from Sunday morning walkers. And there was Jamie, always by her side, softly encouraging and cheering her. As the hours passed, they were both sweating buckets. Gone with the sweat were Lucinda’s groans and concerns. Weeks slipping by, Lucinda found herself actually looking forward to their weekend rides. Her muscles grew stronger and their progress became evident, instilling a newfound sense of hope and optimism. It seemed cycling had truly got their lives moving forward again. Jamie was in quite good shape, his belly tight now. Last week Lucinda received happy news out of the blue -a job offer from one of her many applications and interviews! Finally, the big day came. Lucinda was surprised by the bustling scene: friends, families, spectators and a crazy collection of cyclists - some in fancy dress, others in serious cycle gear. As they waited, Jamie glanced over his shoulder. “I’m really proud of you, you know.” Lucinda grinned. “For the job offer, or this?” Jamie smiled. “Both. You never gave up, even when things seemed impossible.” “And you never gave up on me. Now look at us!” she laughed. With the whistle buzzing and horns blaring, they joined the stream of enthusiastic cyclists and flew along amidst the thunderous cheers of the crowd. In that moment, Lucinda felt her heart spinning with happiness. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为中心展开，主要讲述丈夫杰米悄悄地帮妻子露辛达和他自己报名参加慈善自行车骑行，但是露辛达不想去，她想找工作，不想成为家庭的负担。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“事实上，第一次训练并不顺利。”可知，第一段可描写他们训练遇到的困难和进步。 ②由第二段首句内容“骑自行车似乎真的让他们的生活再次向前发展。”可知，第二段可描写他们在生活和工作中取得的收获。 2.续写线索：训练——磨合——进步——获得工作——参加比赛——心情愉悦 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①怒视：scowl/glare ②眉开眼笑：beam/be all smiles 情绪类 ①担心：concern/worry ②吃惊的：surprised/amazed 【点睛】【高分句型1】The moment they picked up the bicycle, the sky filled with drizzle and Lucinda’s mood turned dark.（由The moment引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】As the hours passed, they were both sweating buckets.（由As引导时间状语从句） 听力1-5 CCCAA 6-10BCBCA 11-15CBACA 16-20 BCAAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年10月学科综合素养测试 高二英语试题卷（2023.10） 本试题卷共11页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 考生注意： 1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名，考号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在答题卷规定的位置上。 2. 答题时，请按照答题卷上“考生须知”的要求，在答题卷相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man want to get? A. A tennis ball. B. A table. C. Tap water. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. Buying materials. B. Painting a picture. C. Preparing for an art lesson. 3. How much will the man pay? A. Three dollars. B. Five dollars. C. Seven dollars. 4. What does the man say about the restaurant? A. The waiters were noisy. B. The food was not his thing. C. The atmosphere was friendly. 5. Where are the speakers? A. In a hotel. B. In the public house. C. In a supermarket. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Manager and secretary. 7. What does the woman suggest adding to the presentation? A. More facts. B. More figures. C. More pictures. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What are the speakers discussing? A. The man’s house. B. The effects of global warming. C. The man’s job. 9. What is always nice according to the man? A. Animals can get more food. B. Green can be seen all year round. C. He lives by the sea. 10. What could farmers grow before? A. Grass. B. Vegetables. C. Trees. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. When will Singing with Guitar finish tonight? A. At 8:00. B. At 9:00. C. At 10:00. 12 What will the man do on Wednesday? A. Sing folk songs. B. Watch a performance. C. Meet a journalist. 13. Where will the man probably go next? A. The student services office. B. The school hall. C. The lecture room. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the aim of the campaign? A. To remind people of Earth Day. B. To encourage people to reduce garbage. C. To warn people of the bad effects of pollution. 15. What will be the task on the second day? A. Planting trees. B. Designing posters. C. Collecting garbage. 16. What does the man expect the teachers to do? A. Paint paper. B. Stop driving cars. C. Decorate classrooms. 17. How does Sara find the man’s ideas? A. Ridiculous. B. Confusing. C. Wonderful. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What did the speaker persuade the school to do to raise money? A. Organize a concert. B. Collect the rubbish. C. Sell second- hand books. 19. How much more did the action group need after collecting money for six months? A. £15,000. B. £10,000. C. £5,000. 20. What was most community members’ attitude towards using Xcite? A. Concerned. B. Uncaring. C. Approving. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Kimchi, which tastes similar to the Chinese Pao Cai, is not only a main dish eaten at nearly every meal by Koreans, but also an important ingredient(配料)in many other Korean foods. While the most popular variety is the spicy kimchi made of cabbage, there are more than 100 different types of kimchi made of various vegetables, like radish(小萝卜), onion or carrot. Thanks to its unique fermentation(发酵)process, kimchi is selected by the American magazine Health as one of the top five healthiest foods in the world and helps prevent the growth of cancer. Cabbage Kimchi Enjoyed by most Koreans, Cabbage Kimchi is made with a whole, uncut salted cabbage mixed with Korean chili powder, garlic, fish sauce(酱)and other spices. Radish Kimchi The basic ingredients used for creating this kimchi are the same to those used to make Cabbage Kimchi, except that the cabbage is replaced with radish. The distinct characteristics of this kimchi are that it is pleasantly hard and that it makes a noise when you chew it. Water Kimchi This is a less spicy kind of kimchi that uses both cabbage and radish. Using a great deal of kimchi water, it tastes sweeter than other types of kimchi due to the addition of sliced fruits such as apple and pear. Young Radish Kimchi Young Radish Kimchi is prepared and eaten in summer when cabbages are not yet ready for harvest. This kimchi is made using young summer radishes, mixed with Korean chili powder and green onions, giving it a unique smell and taste. 1. Which kimchi tastes sweet and less spicy? A. Water Kimchi. B. Cabbage Kimchi. C Radish Kimchi. D. Young Radish Kimchi. 2. When is Young Radish Kimchi prepared? A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn. D. In winter. 3. What can we say about the Korean kimchi? A. It tastes the same to Pao Cai. B. It has to be mixed with onions. C. It is a type of fermented food. D. It is just used as an ingredient. B Two weeks ago, I had an amazing trip to my friend's house in Serawai. Serawai is the name of a sub-district in Sintang Regency, Indonesia. At that time, I was warmly welcomed by peaceful green yard. My trip was full of unforgettable moments: great people, delicious food, new cultures. However, what left a remarkable impression on me was meeting up with my friend's dad, Fx. Ngawan. He is now working as an education supervisor in Sintang Regency. At our first encounter, he looks like a typical Dayaknese man with dark skin. As he mentioned that he used to be an English teacher, we discovered we were a match! I am an English teacher myself. More importantly, he is a language enthusiast and a hyperpolyglot(超级多语者). During the talk, we often switched from one language to the other such as Indonesian, English, Javanese to Ahe. He is now fluent in at least 15 languages and most of them are local languages. When he was assigned to be a teacher and education supervisor, he had to go all the way rom Serawai sub-district to Sintang Regency by motorcycle, riding about 170 km by motorcycle. The trip can take six hours if the day is bright and sunny. However, it is not uncommon for him to spend three to seven days for the journey if the raining season comes. Therefore, he has to stop at some villages if he can't continue the trip and meet up with people with so many different languages along the way. So, whenever he stops in a particular village, he learns a different language. For him, learning languages helps him to connect with people. In our last talk, he highlighted(强调) the importance of learning languages. He hopes hat the younger generation in Indonesia start realizing that language is the gate to open up so many opportunities. Local languages are facing disappearance because more people are leaving it behind. When people stop speaking the languages, the knowledge and culture from that language will also disappear. 4. What do the author and Ngawan have in common? A. Being Typical Dayaknese people. B. Being a hyperpolyglot. C. Being English teachers. D. Mastering several languages. 5. How was Ngawan's motorcycle trip? A. Difficult. B. Instructive. C. Exciting. D. Interesting. 6. What benefit did Ngawan get in his long trip? A. He got enough rest. B. He learned some languages. C He did much exercise. D. He made many friends. 7. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Learning languages isn't an easy job. B. Young people don't grasp opportunities. C. Local languages are being more important. D. Languages and culture are closely related. C Every few years, snowshoe hare (白靴兔) numbers in the Canadian Yukon climb to a peak. As hare populations increase, so do those of their predators (捕食者): lynx and coyotes. Then hare populations fall and their predators start to die off. The cycle is a famous phenomenon among ecologists and has been studied since the 1920s. In recent years, though, researchers have found hare numbers fall from their peak not just because predators eat too many of them. Long-lasting stress from living surrounded by killers causes mother hares to eat less food and bear fewer babies. The trauma (创伤) of living through such threats causes lasting changes in brain chemistry, keeping the hares from reproducing at normal levels. And it’s not just snowshoe hares, as behavioral ecologists Liana Zanette and Michael Clinchy, who study what they call the ecology of fear, have shown. They’ve found that fear of predators can cause other wild mammals (哺乳动物) and songbirds to bear and raise fewer young. The offspring of frightened voles and song sparrows are less likely to succeed in reproducing. These findings add to a growing body of evidence showing that fearful experiences can have long-lasting effects on wildlife and suggesting that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is not only unique to humans, but shared among other creatures. Rudy Boonstra, a population ecologist at the University of Toronto, sees the response of snowshoe hares as an adaptation that allows the animals to make the best of a bad situation. Animals stressed by many predators spend more time hiding and less time feeding, so they produce fewer young—but that may allow more adult hares to survive to rebuild the population when the cycle starts again. Despite the evidence that a wide range of animals experience the long-term impacts of extreme stress, some psychologists still hold their human-centric (以人为本的) view of PTSD. “It is defined in terms of human responses,” says neurobiologist David Diamond. “There is no biological measure—you can’t get a blood test that says someone has PTSD. This is a psychological disease, and that’s why I call it a human disorder. Because a rat can’t tell you how it feels.” 8. What did researchers find about snowshoe hares lately? A. Their predators are in danger of dying out. B. Their numbers decline partly because of stress. C. Their safety is threatened by lynx and coyotes. D. Their populations rise and fall every few years. 9. Which of the following would Zanette and Clinchy agree with? A. PTSD exists among wild animals. B. It is hard for animals to remember trauma. C. Snowshoe hares suffer more than other mammals. D. Birds attract fewer predators than land animals do. 10. What does Diamond express in the last paragraph? A. PTSD is a uniquely human problem. B. Blood tests help identify animals’ PTSD. C. PTSD is a normal adaptive response. D. More animals are suffering from PTSD. 11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To give a brief introduction to PTSD. B. To talk about how to get over trauma. C. To discuss how fear might hurt animals. D. To call for the protection of snowshoe hares. D The next big stage, the improvement from automatic to truly autonomous trains, is already here. It will take train autonomy to the next level, beyond the automated performance on closed loops (圈；环) such as automatic rail lines today and onto the vast expanse of international railways. That will mean that the next generation of trains will be able to locate themselves in their environment and interact with other train traffic without human assistance. They will have the ability to detect and manage on their own all elements of their environment, designed by a connected traffic management system. The transition toward train autonomy is speeding, says Kai Taylor, Thales Marketing & Communications Director Main Line Rail Signalling, and for a reason that can be summed up in one word: digitalisation. “The key to success,” says Kai Taylor, “is in fact what is in ‘the Thales DNA’ — the digital technologies across Thales business units-aerospace, space, transportation, defence and security.” “These technologies represent the pieces of the puzzle to achieve real train autonomy. They are artificial intelligence, big data, connectivity, including the internet of things linking trains to intelligent railway switches, and with netsecurity built in. We have sensors for obstacle (障碍) detection from Thales defence, safe and precise satellite positioning from our space and avionics (航空电子设备) division, IoT connectivity from our recent purchase Gemalto, cybersecurity from the Thales security sector and the trusted explainable and approvable artificial intelligence led by Thales for safe decisions. Taken together, they will provide the train with true autonomy for safe and efficient operations.” Of course, all these technologies are at the base of the Thales ground and air transportation sector’s current offerings for efficient, safe and reliable travel in the air or on the ground. Kai Taylor explains, “We’re unique in having the experience and the expertise in all aspects of mobility, including Thales global leadership in air and train management systems which are assuring rail and air travel for airlines and rail operators all over the world.” 12. What will truly autonomous trains do? A. Carry out the automated performance on closed loops. B. Communicate with other trains with the help of humans. C. Examine and deal with the situations of the surroundings. D. Travel automatically with great speeds using solar powers. 13. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Their environment. B. The transition’ speeding. C. Human assistance. D. The ability to locate themselves. 14. What does paragraph 5 mainly tell us? A. How digitalisation works in real train autonomy. B What sensors on the autonomous trains deal with C. What will provide the train with safety and efficiency. D How obstacles are removed from the paths of trains. 15. What’s Kai Taylor’s attitude towards the future of autonomous trains? A. Cautious. B. Concerned. C. Critical. D. Confident. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 “If you buy things you do not need, soon you will have to sell things you need.” This is a piece of wise advice from Warren Buffet, arguably one of the greatest financial minds of the 21st century. ____16____ This is true especially in the present economic climate. While the idea of being frugal(节俭的) has long been a part of Eastern culture, the relatively recent growth of wealth in China as well as the ease of purchasing has led to increased consumerism for many across the country. Yet this increased consumption of goods has been pushing up the prices of certain bare essentials such as housing, transportation and food, which is forcing people to reevaluate their priorities while spending money. ____17____ The internet is flooded with advice on where one can save money as well as good opinions about how they should spend their money. For example, clothes can be bought second-hand, but you should never skip a visit to the dentist. ____18____ In the meanwhile, you should limit those that are fancy but not entirely necessary. Of course, it is still fine to occasionally spend money on a nice vacation, but buying thirty pairs of shoes you will only wear a few times is neither responsible nor sustainable. Hopefully, we all fully understand at this point that the resources on the earth are indeed limited. ____19____ As a result, the choice (forced or not) to be frugal is not only good for one’s wallet, but also beneficial to the planet in the long run. Have you ever chosen to starve yourself to get a pair of limited-edition sneakers? ____20____ A. A continuous growth model on this planet is by no means sustainable. B. These words have always not been taken seriously by young people. C. They are meant to encourage people to buy more stuff than they need. D. It makes sense to prioritize goods and services that directly affect your health. E. It is no wonder then that being frugal is once again becoming a dominant trend. F. Many young people today appear to be taking these words very much to heart. G. If so, it is high time you started making changes for yourself and for all humanity. 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15个小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Long ago, in a village lived a wise old man. All the villagers were unhappy because they thought their neighbours had better lives, so day and night the ____21____ townsfolk would burst into the old man’s house for endless ____22____ about their fortune. Early one brisk autumn morning, the old man posted a huge sign in the village square that ____23____: ALL CITIZENS WILL GATHER HERE AT NOON. BRING A BIG GREEN PICKLE (泡菜). At twelve sharp all the villagers gathered in the square with a big, green pickle. The old man said, “I want you all to put your pickle down by your feet!” The crowd became ____24____. After considerable ____25____ and complaining, the villagers did as the old man said. Then the old man spoke once again, “Imagine that everything you are — your wisdom and your ____26____, your blessings and your misfortune, your ____27____ and your weaknesses — is in your pickle. If you don’t like your pickle, no big deal. ____28____ someone else’s. Go ahead and choose.” With that ____29____, all the villagers now had the overwhelming _____30_____ of deciding whose pickle they wanted. The baker’s eye _____31_____ fell on the schoolteacher’s pickle. The schoolteacher’s eye _____32_____ over to the tailor’s. Every eye _____33_____ every pickle in town. However, when it was over, the townspeople — every single one of them — had _____34_____ their very own pickles. Since that day, whenever a villager approached the old man to complain, he would simply say, “It’s your _____35_____; you picked it.” 21. A. boring B. noisy C. nervous D. envious 22. A. complaints B. quarrels C. discussions D. suggestions 23. A. wrote B. read C. noted D. displayed 24. A. excited B. awkward C. silent D. restless 25. A. approving B. attempting C. doubting D. reviewing 26. A. foolishness B. intelligence C. courage D. inspiration 27. A. shortcomings B. talents C. confidence D. wealth 28. A. Pick B. Admire C. Post D. Value 29. A. assistance B. command C. announcement D. promise 30. A. profit B. task C. method D. fear 31. A. gradually B. constantly C. immediately D. casually 32. A. circled B. passed C. pulled D. shot 33. A. examined B. marked C. competed D. labeled 34. A. put away B. taken back C. missed out D. set aside 35. A. fortune B. choice C. pickle D. lesson 第二节 语法填空（共15个小题；每小题1分，共15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 A company named “Future Tours” transported Li Qiang and his friend Wang Ping ___36___ (safe) into the future in a time capsule. They climbed ___37___ through a small opening and soon the journey ___38___ (complete). They were still on the earth but 1,000 years in the future. Confused by the new surroundings, Li Qiang was hit by a lack of fresh air. Li Qiang chose ___39___ hovering carriage driven by computer and began ___40___ (move). There were so many carriages ___41___ he lost sight of Wang Ping. A few minutes ___42___ (late), Li Qiang caught sight of Wang Ping. ___43___ (arrive) at a house, he was surprised to see tree ___44___ (leaf) surrounding the house and they provided the house with much-needed oxygen. ____45____ a good dinner, Li Qiang felt exhausted, so he slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 近几十年，出国留学的人数剧增。你们班就“中学生出国留学”这一话题展开了一次热烈的讨论。请你就此次讨论，给校报写一篇短文，内容包括： 1. 同学们的不同意见； 2. 你的观点和建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Studying Abroad As Middle School Students: Is It a Good Or a Bad Idea? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “You signed us up for what?” Lu’s eyes widened as Jamie grinned at her. “A charity bike ride. It’d be fun!” She stared at him open-mouthed. “Fun? But I haven’t ridden a bike for years, Jamie. And I hate exercise! How long is this ride?” Lu could feel her muscle shrinking at the mere thought of it. “Only 20 kilometers.” Lucinda swiped the brightly coloured leaflet advertising the bike ride from her husband’s hand. “Twenty kilometres? That’s a half marathon, Jamie!” She tossed the leaflet back at him. “Well you can count me out. I’m not fit enough to run five minutes round the block, let alone hours on a bike.” “But you will be in a couple of months. I thought we could train for it together.” Jamie patted his beer belly. “I’m not exactly in great shape at the moment. And you’ re always saying we don’t get to spend enough time together!” He gave her his best winning grin. A smile fell across Lucinda’s lips. It was true, she was always saying that lately. Though spending her weekends cycling was not exactly what she’d had in mind. A wave of sadness spun through her heart. The past few months had been... difficult. She had lost her job and was struggling to find a new one. Being at home, scrolling through job adverts and waiting for interview replies, had left her feeling stuck. Jamie had been working extra hours to support financially, but that only added to her guilt. Despite trying to stay positive, life had somehow skidded to a stop. “I’m not sure,” Lu sighed. “It’s not a race, but a joy ride, Lu.” Jamie reassured her, nudging her playfully. “Plus, I’ve already rented us a tandem bike(双人自行车)!” “A tandem?” Lu’s eyes flashed with horror. “Are you mad?” She stared at him. “You’re not even joking, are you?” Doubts crept into her mind as she imagined the challenges of coordinating their movements on a shared bike. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Actually, the first training session did not go well. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It seemed cycling had truly got their lives moving forward again. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5 CCCAA 6-10BCBCA 11-15CBACA 16-20 BCAAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$