2025届高考英语一轮复习:超强台风“摩羯”介绍与相关写作 讲义

2024-09-17
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高考英语一轮复习:超强台风“摩羯”介绍与相关写作 近日,超强台风“摩羯”(Yagi)成为大家关注的焦点。 作为 1949 年以来登陆我国的最强秋台风,第 11 号台风“摩羯”以超强台风级先后登陆海南文昌和广东徐闻,给多地造成了严重灾害。 “超强台风”指的是什么? 台风是一种热带气旋,依据中国气象局关于实施热带气旋等级国家标准,热带气旋按中心附近地面最大风速被划分为六个等级: ● 热带低压(Tropical Depression):风力6-7级● 热带风暴(Tropical storm):风力8-9级● 强热带风暴(Severe tropical storm):风力10-11级● 台风(Typhoon):风力12-13级● 强台风(Severe typhoon):风力14-15级● 超强台风(Super typhoon):风力16、17级及以上 此次台风“摩羯”风力达到了 17 级,属于超强台风 super typhoon 台风是怎么命名的? 除了关注台风的强力值,很多人对“摩羯”这个名字也充满好奇。 为什么台风会叫“摩羯”?它是怎么命名的呢? 其实,台风的命名需要依据国际台风命名系统的规定和程序。 1997年11月,世界气象组织(The World Meteorological Organization)台风委员会决定,西北太平洋和南海的热带气旋采用具有亚洲风格的名字命名,并确立了一张台风命名表。 表中的 140 个名字由 14 个台风委员会成员(中国、中国香港、中国澳门、柬埔寨、朝鲜、日本、老挝、马来西亚、新加坡、菲律宾、韩国、泰国、美国和越南)提供。每个国家或地区提供 10 个名字,然后按顺序年复一年地循环使用。 在命名台风时,各个国家和地区都会融入自己的文化特色。 中国大陆提供的名字中常有神话人物和自然景物,如“悟空”、“风神”、“海葵”、“银杏”等;而日本偏爱以星座(constellation)命名,如“天兔”、“摩羯”;东南亚国家喜欢以动植物命名,如“鹦鹉”、“圣帕”(淡水鱼)、“达维”(大象)。 台风“摩羯”就是由日本提供的名字,其含义为摩羯星座。 台风也有可能被除名 台风也存在被除名的现象。 当某个台风因造成特别重大的灾害或人员伤亡时,台风委员会的成员有权申请将其从命名表中删去。 台风被除名通常用 retire 或 remove 这两个英语词汇表示,相关表达有:● Typhoon...is retired/removed from...list● WMO retires the name...from...list 此次台风“摩羯”给各地造成了严重的破坏,若它因此被除名,日本将需要提交一个新的名称来替代。 台风“摩羯”带来的不仅仅是雨水,还有许多其他灾害,包括:● 洪水 (Flooding)● 泥石流 (Debris Flow)● 山体滑坡 (Landslide) 这些灾害将进一步导致致楼房倒塌( building collapse)、交通瘫痪 (traffic paralysis)、造成严重的财产损失 (property loss)和人员伤亡 (casualties )。 话题作文1 假设你是李华。你得知某报社的 Weather Forecast 栏目在向中学生约稿,分享天气预测方法。现在,请你根据自己所知的天气常识,给此栏目组用英语写信投稿。 内容包括: 1.表达撰稿的意愿; 2.简单分享天气变化的预测方法(列出2-3种); 3.建议该栏目普及天气常识(列1-2个)。 作文要求: 1.不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名。 2.语句连贯,词数80个左右。 参考范文 Dear Sir/Madame, I'm Li Hua, a middle school student. I've learnt that you want a paragraph about predicting weather. I'm ready to write something to predict the weather for your column. Generally speaking, we can tell changes of the weather in our life in many ways. First, we are able to know the weather from clouds' changes in the sky at a different time. Second, we can tell the weather according to colours in the sky. What's more, we also predict the weather from the rainbow in the west or the east.  However, l suggest more articles of predicting weather should appear in your paper to inform us of the weather. Best wishes! Sincerely yours, Li Hua 话题作文2 生活中当你遇到他人发生事故时,你会怎么办?假设你叫Helen,上周一在上学途中,经历了以下的事情。请根据以下图片内容,写一篇 80 词左右的文章。 参考范文 What should you do when you see some accidents on the way? Last Monday, I went to school on foot. It suddenly began to rain while I was walking. Soon it became a rainstorm and I had to run to school. At that time, a man who was riding an electric motorbike fell down on the ground. He was badly hurt. A few people saw this and came to help him. What should I do? Of course, I ran to help him and called 120. After that, I continued to run to school happily. 话题作文3 一个叫 Hope 的小镇上周发生了洪灾,导致5人死亡,3人失踪,200多人无家可归。现在你准备写一份倡议书,呼吁同学们去帮助这些无家可归的人。请根据以下提示进行写作。 要求:80词左右可适当发挥。 提示: 1.上周,小镇由于连续下了一个星期的大雨导致洪灾发生; 2.造成5人死亡,3人失踪,许多房屋被摧毁,200多人无家可归; 3.可通过捐衣服、食物、零花钱来提供帮助; 4.呼吁大家加入你们,一起来帮助需要帮助的人们。 参考范文 Dear fellow students, Hope Town was hit by a flood last week because of suffering a heavy rain for a week. The people there suffered a great loss. Five of them were killed and three were missing. The flood also destroyed many houses and made over 200 people homeless. Now, we can help them by giving away food, some of our clothes and pocket money. We can also raise money by collecting used bottles and waste paper. These homeless people need our help. Join us and help them rebuild their homeland. 话题作文4 假如你是李心,近日来,你所住的村庄遭遇了洪涝灾害。请你根据下面表格提示,写一篇短文介绍这次洪涝的有关情况。70词左右。可适当发挥。 参考范文 It rained heavily for many days in our village, and the storm caused a terrible flood. Some older villagers had to stay in their houses because of the flood. The situation was very dangerous. When the policemen and the soldiers in the town knew about it, they came to the village right away. They put the older villagers on their backs and took them to the safe place in the village. Then, they helped to repair the broken houses. The villagers were all thankful for their help. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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2025届高考英语一轮复习:超强台风“摩羯”介绍与相关写作 讲义
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2025届高考英语一轮复习:超强台风“摩羯”介绍与相关写作 讲义
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