精品解析：安徽省淮南第二中学2024-2025学年高二上学期9月开学考试英语试题

2023级高二上学期9月初开学摸底考 英语试题 本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。请在答题卡上作答。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5 小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the woman probably go to Chicago? A. The day after tomorrow. B. Tomorrow. C. Today. 2. How does the man sound? A. Surprised. B. Fearful. C. Worried. 3. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Cook a meal. B. Take out the rubbish. C. Go to the supermarket. 4. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. Where to stay in America. B. What to do during their tour. C. Whether to visit the Grand Canyon. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a flower shop. B. At a concert. C. At a wedding. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. When will Tom move? A. In July. B. In August. C. In June. 7. Why is Tom going to move? A. To live with his son. B. To live happily in the future. C. To work in a company in Canada. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Who is Jerry? A. The man's father. B. The man's brother. C. The man's cousin. 9. What did the man's father hurt? A. His head. B. His back. C. His knee. 10. Where is the piano now? A. In the living room. B. In the back room. C. In the truck. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. When was Middlesex School founded? A. In 1901. B. In 1937. C. In 1974. 12. What change did Middlesex School make in 1974? A. More than 400 students entered it. B. Frederick Winsor left the school. C It started to admit girls. 13. Who is Jennifer? A. The woman's younger sister. B. The woman's daughter. C. The woman's niece. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Librarian and library user. 15. How did the man first know about the environmental damage in Yucatan? A. From a lecture. B. From a magazine. C. From his brother. 16. What in the magazine are useful to the man? A. The interviews. B. The photos. C. The news stories. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. How many days is the Visitors' Center open a week? A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. 18. What should car drivers do at Finchbrooke Country Park? A. Limit the speed. B. Pay the parking fee. C. Drive on hard- surfaced paths. 19. Where can visitors find a telephone when the Visitors’ Center is closed? A. In the cafe. B. At the park entrance. C. Near the lake. 20. What is allowed to do at the park? A. Swimming. B. Skating. C. Camping. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The FIFA Women’s World Cup might be taking place half a world away — in Australia and New Zealand, from 20 July — but football-mad families can get a fix of the beautiful game far closer to home. If you are inspired to take a football- based break with the kids this summer, here are the cities to head to. Liverpool As the home of Liverpool FC since the club’s formation in 1892, Anfield is one of the best-known football stadiums on the planet. Young fans of the club will find plenty to enjoy on the stadium tour, with many photo opportunities, dressing room access and great views across the city from the top of the Main Stand. The museum, The Liverpool FC Story, includes the Boom Room exhibition, devoted to the club’s 2019/2020 Premier League win. The guided tour takes around 70 minutes. Munich Various ex-Premier League stars are currently on Bayern Munich’s books, and the club has long been a grand sporting presence. Six times champions of Europe, Germany’s most successful team regularly sells out the ultra-modern 75,000-capacity Allianz Arena. Tours include access to the FC Bayern Museum, where countless trophies (奖杯) are on display. Milan As the home stadium of both AC Milan and Inter Milan, and a regular venue for internationals, San Siro is a ground with bags of history. Having two resident clubs means double the matches, and a higher likelihood of getting tickets for a game — where the atmosphere can be intense. The guided tour takes around 80 minutes. Paris The 80,000-capacity Stade de France has hosted three Champions League finals, a World Cup final and a Euros final, with the likes of Zinedine Zidane and Cristiano Ronaldo winning trophies here. For sports-mad kids, however, the appeal doesn’t end there — the same stadium will be staging next year’s Olympic Games. The guided tour takes around 90 minutes. 1. Who is the text intended for? A. A Chinese football fan. B. A French mother with a kid. C. A visitor getting to London. D. A primary school student from Germany. 2. What can children do on Anfield tour? A. Attend a football match. B. Buy dresses conveniently. C. Overlook the city of Liverpool. D. Enjoy the club’s newly-won trophies. 3. What do Allianz Arena and Stade de France have in common? A. They offer a guided tour. B. They have the same size. C. They can seat a large audience. D. They have hosted a World Cup final. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如果想在这个夏天和孩子们一起享受以足球为主题的假期，可以前往的四个城市，并分别介绍了这四个城市及其与足球相关的特色。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“If you are inspired to take a football-based break with the kids this summer, here are the cities to head to.”（如果你受到启发，想在这个夏天和孩子们一起享受以足球为主题的假期，那么以下是你要前往的城市）可知，这篇文章是写给那些想在夏天和孩子们一起享受足球假期的家长的，结合选项可知，B项“一位带着孩子的法国母亲”符合题意。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Liverpool部分中“As the home of Liverpool FC since the club’s formation in 1892, Anfield is one of the best-known football stadiums on the planet. Young fans of the club will find plenty to enjoy on the stadium tour, with many photo opportunities, dressing room access and great views across the city from the top of the Main Stand.”（自1892年利物浦俱乐部成立以来，安菲尔德一直是利物浦的主场，是世界上最著名的足球场之一。俱乐部的年轻球迷在球场之旅中会发现很多乐趣，有很多拍照的机会，可以进入更衣室，还可以从主看台顶部俯瞰整个城市的美景）可知，在安菲尔德球场之旅中，孩子们可以从主看台顶部俯瞰利物浦市。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Munich部分中“Six times champions of Europe, Germany’s most successful team regularly sells out the ultra-modern 75,000-capacity Allianz Arena.”（六次获得欧洲冠军，德国最成功的球队经常在超现代化的可容纳75,000人的安联球场售罄）和Paris部分中“The 80,000-capacity Stade de France has hosted three Champions League finals, a World Cup final and a Euros final, with the likes of Zinedine Zidane and Cristiano Ronaldo winning trophies here.”（可容纳8万人的法兰西大球场曾举办过三次欧冠决赛、一场世界杯决赛和一场欧洲杯决赛，齐达内和C罗等球星都曾在这里赢得过奖杯）可知，安联球场和法兰西大球场都能容纳很多观众。故选C项。 B In 1957 a group of physicists gathered in a lecture hall at Princeton University to be addressed by a Chinese American woman. As she told the crowd about her recent experiment and its results, the response was dead silence for two minutes, then a thunderous applause (掌声) continued for ten minutes. The woman was Chien-Shiung Wu, known as the First Lady of Physics, who transformed nuclear science through her work on the Manhattan Project and other groundbreaking experiments. Born in 1912 near Shanghai, China, Wu was influenced by her father, an engineer, and her mother, an educator. Unlike many Chinese women of her time, she received a formal education. Fascinated by new discoveries and the story of women scientists like Marie Curie, she entered National Central University to study physics and then began her scientific studies. It was a time of rapid change in both the field of physics and China. Domestic unrest and a bad relationship with Japan made life at home uneasy. With the help of an uncle, she immigrated to the United States for graduate school. Wu planned to go to the University of Michigan, but a tour of the University of California, Berkeley — and word that a student center at Michigan did not allow female students to enter through the front door — changed her mind. At Berkeley Wu was visible for her gender and race, and from the start her male colleagues commented as much on her physical appearance as her keen mind. She quickly gained a reputation and became an expert in the newly discovered phenomenon of nuclear fission (核裂变). After graduation, she headed to Smith College to teach women physics. During World War Two Wu went to Princeton University, where she became the physics department’s first female instructor. But shortly after her arrival, her career took an unexpected turn in 1944. She ended up joining the staff at Columbia University on a top- secret research program now known as the Manhattan Project. 4. Which word best describes the lecture in Paragraph 1? A. Boring. B. Excellent C. Humorous. D. Common. 5. What inspired Wu to study physics? A. The background of her family. B. The success of women scientists. C. The formal education she received. D. The rapid change in the field of physics. 6. What happened to Wu in America? A. She was looked down on at Berkeley. B. She went to the University of Michigan at first. C. She taught women physics at Princeton University. D. She joined a top-secret research program at Columbia University. 7. What can we learn from Wu’s story? A. A good beginning is half done. B. Knowledge starts with practice. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. Positive thinking and action result in success. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“物理界第一夫人”吴健雄的生平，讲述了她的求学经历，科研之路以及对核科学的贡献。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“As she told the crowd about her recent experiment and its results, the response was dead silence for two minutes, then a thunderous applause (掌声) continued for ten minutes.(当她向人群讲述她最近的实验及其结果时，回应是两分钟的死寂，然后是持续了十分钟的雷鸣般的掌声)”可知，当她向听众介绍她的实验和结果后，现场先是沉默了两分钟，随后是长达十分钟的雷鸣般掌声，由此可推知，她的演讲很精彩。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fascinated by new discoveries and the story of women scientists like Marie Curie, she entered National Central University to study physics and then began her scientific studies.(她被新发现和像玛丽·居里这样的女科学家的故事所吸引，于是进入中央大学学习物理，然后开始她的科学研究)”可知，吴健雄被新发现和像玛丽·居里这样的女科学家的故事所吸引，所以选择学习物理。选项B“The success of women scientists”符合题意。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But shortly after her arrival, her career took an unexpected turn in 1944. She ended up joining the staff at Columbia University on a top-secret research program now known as the Manhattan Project.(但在她到达后不久，1944年，她的职业生涯发生了意想不到的转折。她最终加入了哥伦比亚大学的一个绝密研究项目，该项目现在被称为曼哈顿计划)”可知，吴健雄到美国后，加入了哥伦比亚大学的一个绝密研究项目，该项目现在被称为曼哈顿计划。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章对吴健雄生平的介绍，特别是第二段中“Fascinated by new discoveries and the story of women scientists like Marie Curie, she entered National Central University to study physics and then began her scientific studies.(她被新发现和像玛丽·居里这样的女科学家的故事所吸引，于是进入中央大学学习物理，然后开始她的科学研究)”、第四段中“Wu planned to go to the University of Michigan, but a tour of the University of California, Berkeley — and word that a student center at Michigan did not allow female students to enter through the front door — changed her mind. At Berkeley Wu was visible for her gender and race, and from the start her male colleagues commented as much on her physical appearance as her keen mind.(吴原计划去密歇根大学，但在参观了加州大学伯克利分校后——听说密歇根的一个学生中心不允许女学生从前门进入——她改变了主意。在伯克利，吴的性别和种族是显而易见的，从一开始，她的男同事对她的外表和她敏锐的头脑的评价就一样多)”和最后一段中“After graduation, she headed to Smith College to teach women physics. During World War Two Wu went to Princeton University, where she became the physics department’s first female instructor.(毕业后，她前往史密斯学院教授女性物理。第二次世界大战期间，吴去了普林斯顿大学，在那里她成为物理系的第一位女讲师)”可知，吴健雄作为一位女性，她以玛丽·居里这样的女科学家为榜样，不惧世俗对性别的歧视，积极作为，用行动证明了自己的价值。从她的故事中我们可以学到积极的思考和行动可以带来成功。故选D项。 C If you’ve ever thought you may be running a temperature yet couldn’t find a thermometer (温度计), you aren’t alone. To address this issue, a team led by researchers at the University of Washington has created an app called Fever Phone, which changes smartphones into thermometers without adding new hardware (硬件). Instead, it uses the phone’s touchscreen and repurposes the existing battery temperature sensors to gather data that a machine learning model uses to estimate (估计) people’s core body temperatures. The team started by gathering data in a lab. To simulate (模拟) a warm forehead (前额), the researchers heated a plastic bag of water with a machine and pressed phone screens against the bag. To account for variations (变 化) in circumstances, such as different people using different phones, the researchers tested three phone models. They used the data from different test cases to train a machine learning model that used the complex interactions to estimate body temperature. The app tracks how quickly the phone heats up and then uses the touchscreen data to account for how much of that comes from a person touching it. As they added more test cases, the researchers were able to complete the model to account for the variations in things such as phone accessories (附件). To use Fever Phone, the participants held the phones like point- and- shoot cameras— with forefingers and thumbs touching the corner edges to reduce heat from the hands being sensed ( some had the researcher hold the phone for them). Then participants keep the skin-to-phone contact between the touchscreen and their foreheads for about 90 seconds, which the researchers found to be the ideal time to sense body heat transferring to the phone. Overall, Fever Phone estimated patient core body temperatures with an average error of about 0.41 degrees Fahrenheit (0.23 degrees Celsius), which is in the clinically acceptable range of 0.5 C. 8. How does Fever Phone sense fevers? A. By adding new hardware. B. By recreating a temperature sensor. C. By gathering data with the phone sensor. D. By connecting a thermometer to a smart phone. 9. What is Paragraph 2mainly about? A. How researchers developed Fever Phone. B. What problems appeared in the test cases. C. Whether the phone screens functioned well. D Why Fever Phone could estimate body temperature. 10. Which gesture is right when you use Fever Phone? A. Taking a picture of your forehead. B. Holding the smartphone in hand. C. Raising the smartphone in front of you. D. Pressing the touchscreen against the forehead. 11. What’s the author’s attitude to Fever Phone? A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Indifferent. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了由华盛顿大学研究人员主导开发的一款名为“Fever Phone”的应用程序，该程序可以将智能手机变成温度计，而无需添加新硬件，而是利用手机触摸屏和现有的电池温度传感器收集数据，通过机器学习模型来估计人体的核心体温。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead, it uses the phone’s touchscreen and repurposes the existing battery temperature sensors to gather data that a machine learning model uses to estimate (估计) people’s core body temperatures.(相反，它使用手机的触摸屏，并重新利用现有的电池温度传感器来收集数据，机器学习模型使用这些数据来估计人的核心体温)”可知，Fever Phone通过手机传感器收集数据来感知发烧。故选C项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The team started by gathering data in a lab. To simulate (模拟) a warm forehead (前额), the researchers heated a plastic bag of water with a machine and pressed phone screens against the bag. To account for variations (变 化) in circumstances, such as different people using different phones, the researchers tested three phone models. They used the data from different test cases to train a machine learning model that used the complex interactions to estimate body temperature. The app tracks how quickly the phone heats up and then uses the touchscreen data to account for how much of that comes from a person touching it. As they added more test cases, the researchers were able to complete the model to account for the variations in things such as phone accessories (附件).(研究团队首先在实验室里收集数据。为了模拟一个温热的额头，研究人员用机器加热了一袋装满水的塑料袋，并将手机屏幕紧贴在袋子上。为了考虑不同情况下（如不同的人使用不同的手机）的差异，研究人员测试了三种手机型号。他们利用不同测试案例的数据来训练一个机器学习模型，该模型利用复杂的交互作用来估算体温。该应用程序追踪手机加热的速度，然后利用触摸屏数据来计算其中有多少热量是来自人的触摸。随着他们添加了更多的测试案例，研究人员能够完善该模型，以考虑诸如手机附件等因素的差异)”可知，本段主要讲述了研究人员是如何开发Fever Phone的。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“To use Fever Phone, the participants held the phones like point- and- shoot cameras— with forefingers and thumbs touching the corner edges to reduce heat from the hands being sensed ( some had the researcher hold the phone for them). Then participants keep the skin-to-phone contact between the touchscreen and their foreheads for about 90 seconds, which the researchers found to be the ideal time to sense body heat transferring to the phone.(要使用Fever Phone，参与者需要像使用定点拍摄相机那样握住手机——食指和拇指触摸手机的角落边缘，以减少手部感应到的热量（有些人则让研究人员为他们握住手机）。然后，参与者保持触摸屏与额头之间的皮肤接触约90秒，研究人员发现这是感知体温传递给手机的理想时间)”可知，当你使用Fever Phone时，需将触屏按在额头上。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Overall, Fever Phone estimated patient core body temperatures with an average error of about 0.41 degrees Fahrenheit (0.23 degrees Celsius), which is in the clinically acceptable range of 0.5 C.(总的来说，Fever Phone估算患者核心体温的平均误差约为0.41华氏度（0.23摄氏度），这在临床可接受的0.5摄氏度的范围内)”可知，作者认为Fever Phone估算患者核心体温的平均误差在临床可接受的范围内，所以是赞成的。故选A项。 D Despite their name, microplastics are a great player in pollution worldwide. They have entered nearly every environment, especially oceans. To track the problem, researchers are now homing in on these floating white pollutants from more than 300 miles away — in space. Recent research in Scientific Reports details how microplastics appear to flow alongside floating oily and soapy substances (物质) called surfactants, which create distinct footprints (足迹) in ocean currents. Those footprints are found by NASA’s Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS), a network of eight hurricane- monitoring satellites (卫星), and following them could help map microplastics’ spread, aiding cleanup and regulation efforts. The CYGNSS satellite radar measures the ocean surface’s roughness (粗糙), caused by wind-generated waves. In 2021 CYGNSS researchers noticed the radar picking up strange areas of smoothness with fewer and smaller waves. They didn’t know the mechanism behind the smoothness or whether it might be linked to factors aside from microplastics such as marine life (海洋生物) or chemical interactions. To find out the reason, Pan and his CYGNSS colleagues did the following study: they used a 750,000-gallon indoor wave tank to simulate real- world currents. They found that microplastics alone, at their reported ocean concentration, did not generate matching patches of smoothness. Instead the smoothing came when the researchers added surfactants. These chemicals — which influence wave activity by decreasing the water’s surface tension — often accompany microplastics as a by-product of plastic production and breakdown and are carried on the same ocean currents. Because the satellites easily spot surfactants’ smoothing effect, the substances can act as à tracer (示踪剂) for microplastics’ movements. The researchers say tracing surfactants is a method “worth pursuing”. Microplastics can exist for a really long time. “If we want to invest in solutions, we want to know how plastic naturally moves around so that we can make the most of our resources and go after the places we can make the biggest difference.” 12. Which can best explain the underlined words “ homing in on” in Paragraph 1? A. Aiming at. B. Dealing with. C. Cleaning up. D. Sorting out. 13. According to Paragraph 2, what’s a function of CYGNSS? A. To clean up surfactants. B. To track pollutants in the ocean. C. To create clear footprints in currents. D. To map microplastics’ spread in the ocean. 14. What does the study find about surfactants? A. They kill the marine life. B. They break down microplastics. C. They lead to the water’s smoothness. D. They increase the ocean surface’s roughness. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Scientists clean up ocean microplastics B. Satellites help recycle ocean pollutants C. Microplastics are a vital player in ocean pollution D. New technique maps ocean microplastics from space 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家利用卫星技术追踪海洋中的微塑料污染，并通过分析表面活性剂与微塑料的关系，探索了微塑料在海洋中的分布规律，为未来的清理和监管工作提供了有力支持。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“They have entered nearly every environment, especially oceans. To track the problem (它们几乎进入了所有环境，尤其是海洋。为了追踪这一问题) ”和“from more than 300 miles away— in space (从300多英里外的太空) ”可知，微塑料已经进入了海洋，研究人员现在正在从太空追踪微塑料。因此，“homing in on”在这里的意思是“瞄准，对准”，故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Those footprints are found by NASA’s Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS), a network of eight hurricane- monitoring satellites (卫星), and following them could help map microplastics’ spread, aiding cleanup and regulation efforts. (美国国家航空航天局的旋风全球导航卫星系统（CYGNSS）发现了这些足迹，这是一个由八颗飓风监测卫星组成的网络，追踪这些足迹可以帮助绘制微塑料的传播地图，帮助清理和监管工作。) ”可知，CYGNSS的功能是追踪海洋中的污染物，以帮助绘制微塑料的分布图，从而帮助清理和监管工作。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Instead the smoothing came when the researchers added surfactants. These chemicals— which influence wave activity by decreasing the water’s surface tension— often accompany microplastics as a by-product of plastic production and breakdown and are carried on the same ocean currents. (相反，当研究人员添加表面活性剂时，平滑效果出现了。这些化学物质通过降低水面张力来影响波浪活动，通常作为塑料生产和分解的副产品伴随着微塑料，并在相同的洋流中携带。) ”可知，研究人员发现表面活性剂导致水的平滑。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Those footprints are found by NASA’s Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS), a network of eight hurricane- monitoring satellites (卫星), and following them could help map microplastics’ spread, aiding cleanup and regulation efforts. (美国国家航空航天局的旋风全球导航卫星系统（CYGNSS）发现了这些足迹，这是一个由八颗飓风监测卫星组成的网络，追踪这些足迹可以帮助绘制微塑料的传播地图，帮助清理和监管工作。) ”可知，文章主要介绍了科学家利用新技术从太空绘制海洋微塑料的分布图，以帮助清理和监管工作。因此，最适合的标题是“New technique maps ocean microplastics from space (新技术从太空绘制海洋微塑料图)”。故选D项。 第二节(共5 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Being a first-year international student at a U. S. college or university can be a little scary — there’s so much to do and remember. ___16___ Here are more first-year tips for international students. Connect With Other Students Before Arrival ___17___. These can be great opportunities to meet a potential roommate and begin finding connections and familiar faces before move-in. Students should also plan to attend other events to meet more students and grow their social circles. Call Home Upon Arrival Students may be excited to start their new life, but family need to know you. arrived safely. Students who forget to contact their parents after arriving could lead to a hurry call to university as parents try to track down their children. ___18___. The reason may be that there will be Wi- Fi at the airport and an Internet connect ion may not yet be set up at your new residence. ___19___ Experts say it’s wise to travel with some cash and have that money changed to U. S. dollars. In addition to getting money changed, a credit card is a must. If your wallet gets stolen, your money will be perfectly safe. It also quietly builds your credit score if you’ re paying back on time. Students typically can get information about setting up a bank account and should do some financial planning to cover all of their expenses. Make Friends With a Variety of Students While international student freshmen may be interested in their own communities, it’s important to branch out and meet a variety of students. ___20___. Students from other countries offer new perspectives, who can offer first-year students great advice and insights on navigating school. Experts also recommend connecting with native U. S. students, who can provide broader exposure to U. S. culture. A. Deal With Financial (金融) Issues B. Carry a Credit Card C. U. S. campuses are known for their diversity D. Contacting family when landing is important E. Call your parents and let them know you are sad F. But a little preparation can go a long way for a successful freshman year G. Universities often organize social media events to connect new students 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. D 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要给第一年去美国上大学的国际学生提供了一些建议。 【16题详解】 上文“Being a first-year international student at a U. S. college or university can be a little scary — there’s so much to do and remember.(成为美国学院或大学的一年级国际学生可能会有点可怕——有很多事情要做和要记住)”说明第一年去美国上大学的国际学生会面临一些挑战和困难，F选项“But a little preparation can go a long way for a successful freshman year.(但是一点准备就能为成功的大一生活带来很大的帮助)”提出了应对这些挑战和困难的方法，即提前做好准备，同时引出下文的具体建议，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 【17题详解】 本段小标题“Connect With Other Students Before Arrival(在到达之前与其他学生联系)”说明本段主要讲述在到达学校之前如何与其他学生联系，G选项“Universities often organize social media events to connect new students.(大学经常组织社交媒体活动来联系新生)”紧承小标题，具体说明了大学如何通过社交媒体活动来帮助新生与其他学生建立联系，同时引出下文“These can be great opportunities to meet a potential roommate and begin finding connections and familiar faces before move-in.(这些可能是遇到潜在室友和在搬入之前开始寻找联系和熟悉面孔的好机会)”对社交媒体活动作用的进一步说明，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 【18题详解】 本段小标题“Call Home Upon Arrival(到达后给家里打电话)”说明本段主要讲述到达后要给家里打电话报平安。D选项“Contacting family when landing is important.(着陆时与家人联系很重要)”与主题一致，同时下文“The reason may be that there will be Wi-Fi at the airport and an Internet connection may not yet be set up at your new residence.(原因可能是机场会有Wi-Fi，而你的新住处可能还没有设置网络连接)”解释了为什么要在飞机着陆后立即给家里打电话，与D项构成因果关系。故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“Experts say it’s wise to travel with some cash and have that money changed to U. S. dollars.(专家说，带着一些现金并将其兑换成美元是明智的)”和“Students typically can get information about setting up a bank account and should do some financial planning to cover all of their expenses.(学生通常可以获得有关开设银行账户的信息，并应做一些财务规划以支付他们的所有费用)”可知，本段主要讲述如何处理金融问题，A选项“Deal With Financial Issues(处理金融问题)”概括了本段主旨，可以作为本段小标题。故选A项。 【20题详解】 上文“While international student freshmen may be interested in their own communities, it’s important to branch out and meet a variety of students.(虽然国际新生可能对自己的社区感兴趣，但重要的是要拓展并结识各种各样的学生)”说明国际新生应该结识各种各样的学生，C选项“U. S. campuses are known for their diversity(美国校园以其多样性而闻名)”紧承上文，进一步说明了美国校园的多样性，同时引出下文“Students from other countries offer new perspectives, who can offer first-year students great advice and insights on navigating school.(来自其他国家的学生提供了新的视角，他们可以为一年级学生提供关于如何在学校中导航的宝贵建议和见解)”具体说明结识来自不同国家的学生的好处，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For former teacher Billy Keenan, life had always been about action. He mastered musical ___21___ including the erhu, guitar and piano. As a ___22___ player, he won numerous 5K, 10K and half-marathon runs. “I was at the ___23___ of my powers,” he said. But on Sept. 14, 2013, his life changed ___24___ while surfing at the Jersey Shore. “I rode that wave, ___25___ my board, and hit my ___26___ on the ocean floor,” Keenan told CBS News, “Everything went black.” Keenan ___27___ in a hospital room two weeks later. He had been paralyzed (瘫痪) from the shoulders down and the medical team didn’t ___28___ him to regain independent breathing. When a parent of a former student visited him at the hospital, they handed him the ___29___. It was NYPD Detective Steven McDonald. McDonald had _____30_____ a shooting and was too paralyzed in 1986. He _____31_____ forgave (原谅) his attacker. Later, he became a public speaker. That day, he had advice for Keenan. “The only reason you survive is that when you’ re better, when you’ re _____32_____, you’ re going to come back and contribute in a significant way.” Depending on that _____33_____ from McDonald and his own faith Keenan _____34_____ the difficulties. Four months later, he was able to _____35_____ on his own again. 21. A. instruments B. skills C. pieces D. methods 22. A. generous B. weak C. competitive D. pleased 23. A. end B. top C. beginning D. point 24. A. possibly B. gradually C. slowly D. suddenly 25. A. stepped on B. threw away C. fell off D. left behind 26. A. knee B. head C. ankle D. waist 27. A. fell asleep B. woke up C. passed away D. lay down 28. A. expect B. aid C. urge D. encourage 29. A. wheelchair B. bill C. phone D. flower 30 A. mastered B. learned C. watched D. survived 31. A. eventually B. slightly C. occasionally D. happily 32. A. richer B. stronger C. more famous D. more knowledgeable 33. A. interest B. request C. question D. reminder 34. A. changed B. met C. overcame D. created 35. A. breathe B. run C. surf D. walk 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了前教师Billy Keenan在冲浪时发生意外导致瘫痪，后在NYPD侦探Steven McDonald的鼓励下克服困难重新站起来的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他掌握了二胡、吉他和钢琴等乐器。A. instruments乐器；B. skills技能；C. pieces片段；D. methods方法。根据后文“including the erhu, guitar and piano”可知，此处指他掌握了二胡、吉他和钢琴等乐器；musical instruments“乐器”。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名有竞争力的运动员，他赢得了无数的5K、10K和半程马拉松比赛。A. generous慷慨的；B. weak弱的；C. competitive有竞争力的；D. pleased高兴的。根据后文“he won numerous 5K, 10K and half-marathon runs”可知，他是一名有竞争力的运动员。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我当时正处于能力的巅峰，”他说。A. end末端、结尾；B. top顶部；C. beginning开始；D. point点。根据前文“He mastered musical ____ including the erhu, guitar and piano”和“he won numerous 5K, 10K and half-marathon runs”可知，此处指他当时正处于能力的巅峰；at the top of表示“……的巅峰”。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但在2013年9月14日，当他在泽西海岸冲浪时，他的生活突然改变了。A. possibly可能地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. suddenly突然地。根据前文“But on Sept. 14, 2013”和后文“He had been paralyzed (瘫痪) from the shoulders down and the medical team didn’t ____ him to regain independent breathing.”可知，他在2013年9月14日的冲浪中发生意外导致瘫痪，所以他的生活在那天突然改变了。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我乘着海浪，从冲浪板上掉下来，一头扎进海水里。”Keenan告诉CBS新闻，“周围一片漆黑。”A. stepped on踩上；B. threw away扔掉；C. fell off掉下；D. left behind留下。根据后文“hit my ____ on the ocean floor”可知，他从冲浪板上掉下来，一头扎进海水里。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我乘着海浪，从冲浪板上掉下来，一头扎进海水里。”Keenan告诉CBS新闻，“周围一片漆黑。”A. knee膝盖；B. head头；C. ankle脚踝；D. waist腰。根据后文“Everything went black”可推知，Keenan从冲浪板上掉下来，一头扎进海水里，所以晕了过去。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：两周后，Keenan在医院病房醒来。A. fell asleep睡着；B. woke up醒来；C. passed away去世；D. lay down躺下。根据后文“two weeks later”和“He had been paralyzed (瘫痪) from the shoulders down”可知，Keenan在医院病房醒来，发现自己瘫痪了。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从肩膀以下瘫痪了，医疗团队并不期望他能恢复自主呼吸。A. expect期望；B. aid帮助；C. urge催促；D. encourage鼓励。根据前文“He had been paralyzed (瘫痪) from the shoulders down”和后文“regain independent breathing”可知，他伤势严重，所以医疗团队并不期望他能恢复自主呼吸。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当一位学生的家长去医院看望他时，他们把电话递给了他。A. wheelchair轮椅；B. bill账单；C. phone电话；D. flower花。根据前文“paralyzed (瘫痪) from the shoulders down”和“didn’t ____ him to regain independent breathing”可知，Keenan瘫痪且无法自主呼吸，由此推知，他也无法正常交流，只能借助电话听McDonald说话。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：McDonald在1986年的一次枪击中幸存下来，并严重瘫痪。A. mastered掌握；B. learned学习；C. watched观看；D. survived幸存。根据后文“was too paralyzed in 1986”可知，麦克唐纳在1986年枪击案中幸存下来，但受伤并瘫痪。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他最终原谅了他的袭击者。A. eventually最终；B. slightly轻微地；C. occasionally偶尔；D. happily高兴地。结合常识和后文“forgave (原谅) his attacker”可推知，McDonald在枪击事件中受伤并瘫痪，他一定是经过痛苦的心理斗争才最终原谅了袭击者。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你活下来的唯一原因是，当你变得更好，当你变得更强大时，你将以一种重要的方式回来做出贡献。A. richer更富有的；B. stronger更强大的；C. more famous更出名的；D. more knowledgeable更有知识的。根据前文“when you’ re better”可推知，变得更好，更强大。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：依靠McDonald的提醒和他自己的信念，Keenan克服了困难。A. interest兴趣；B. request请求；C. question问题；D. reminder提醒。根据前文“That day, he had advice for Keenan”可知，Keenan依靠McDonald的提醒克服了困难。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：依靠McDonald的提醒和他自己的信念，Keenan克服了困难。A. changed改变；B. met遇见；C. overcame克服；D. created创造。根据前文“his own faith”和后文“the difficulties”可推知，Keenan依靠自己的信念克服了困难。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：四个月后，他又能自己呼吸了。A. breathe呼吸；B. run跑；C. surf冲浪；D. walk走。根据前文“the medical team didn’t ____ him to regain independent breathing”可知，Keenan克服了困难，又能自己呼吸了。故选A。 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Handbook of The Belt and Road, a detailed account of the Belt and Road Initiative, ___36___ (launch) in multilingual versions (多语种版本) on June 20, 2024 in Beijing. The book encouraged 110 writers ___37___ (offer) 498 entries, as“ we try to ___38___(systematical) reflect the latest progress and latest expressions of the initiative”, said Zhao Jianglin, one of the executive editors of the book. He added that the book describes the original ___39___ (intend) and principles of the initiative, as well as its history and current situation, basic knowledge and ___40___ (relate) research. The idea of publishing the book, by Cai Fang and Peter Nolan, first came up in 2017. It has been revised and enriched in ___41___ (it) 2018, 2020, 2022 and 2024 (to be published soon) Chinese editions. Cai is ___42___ economist with the Chinese academy and Nolan is a British expert on China. The Belt and Road Initiative, since its launch, ___43___ (bring) great debates and interests among a wide range of people in the English- speaking world, which has been frequently reflected on coverage in newspapers, TV and magazines. ___44___ the most authoritative information comes from the handbook (known as the Routledge Handbooks). The book shows ___45___ two international publishers could work closely to present the work by multiple scholars. 【答案】36. was launched 37. to offer 38. systematically 39. intention 40. related 41. its 42. an 43. has brought 44. But 45. how 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《一带一路手册》多语种版本的发布，内容涵盖了该倡议的进展、原则和相关研究。 【36题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：《一带一路手册》是对“一带一路”倡议的详细介绍，于2024年6月20日在北京推出多语言版本。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语“on June 20, 2024”可知，句子为一般过去时态，且主语和该动词之间为被动关系，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填was launched。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该书的执行主编之一赵江林说，该书鼓励110位作家提供498个条目，因为“我们试图系统地反映该倡议的最新进展和最新表达”。encourage sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。故填to offer。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：该书的执行主编之一赵江林说，该书鼓励110位作家提供498个条目，因为“我们试图系统地反映该倡议的最新进展和最新表达”。空处修饰动词reflect应用副词形式。故填systematically。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：他补充说，这本书描述了该倡议的初衷和原则，以及其历史和现状、基本知识和相关研究。空处需填名词，作动词describe的宾语。intend的名词形式为intention“意图”。故填intention。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他补充说，这本书描述了该倡议的初衷和原则，以及其历史和现状、基本知识和相关研究。修饰名词research应用形容词形式作定语。relate的形容词形式为related“相关的”。故填related。 【41题详解】 考查代词。句意：它在2018年、2020年、2022年和2024年（即将出版）的中文版中进行了修订和丰富。空处需填形容词性物主代词，修饰名词editions。故填its。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：Cai是一位中国科学院的经济学家，Nolan是中国问题的英国专家。空处需要不定冠词表示泛指。economist是以元音音素开头的单词，前面需用不定冠词an。故填an。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：自该倡议启动以来，在英语世界中引起了广泛的争论和兴趣，这在报纸、电视和杂志的报道中经常反映出来。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语since its launch可知，句子应用现在完成时态，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填has brought。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：但最权威的信息来自被称为Routledge的手册。根据句意可知，前后句之间为转折关系，表示“在报纸、电视和杂志的报道中经常会有关于该倡议的消息，但是最权威的信息来自一本叫做Routledge的手册”，所以用转折连词but连接前后两句话。故填But。 【45题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这本书展示了两家国际出版商如何紧密合作，呈现多位学者的作品。空处引导宾语从句，根据句意可知，此处表示“展示两家国际出版商如何紧密合作”，所以用连接副词how“如何”，引导该从句。故填how。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，暑假期间作为志愿者参加了社区组织的防溺水宣传活动( the Drowning Prevention Campaign) , 请你给英国笔友 Eric写一封邮件, 内容包括： 1. 活动简介； 2. 参加过程及个人感受。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Eric, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Eric, At 9 o 'clock in the morning, 12 of our volunteers gathered at the gate of the Guangming Community. First, we were divided into two groups, one of which distributed “anti-drowning propaganda materials” to residents of the community. The other group gathered the children of the community, educating the children about the drowning prevention knowledge, and teaching the children drowning self-rescue methods. Finally, we hung anti-drowning slogans at the main intersection of the community. Through our efforts, we have strengthened the safety awareness of drowning prevention among young people, and will effectively prevent the tragedy that may occur. I feel very honored. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Eric写一封邮件，介绍暑假期间作为志愿者参加的社区组织的防溺水宣传活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 集合：gather→assemble 分发：distribute→give out 方法：method→approach 有效地：effectively→efficiently 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The other group gathered the children of the community educating the children about the drowning prevention knowledge, and teaching the children drowning self-rescue methods. 拓展句：The other group gathered the children who live in in the community, educating the children about the drowning prevention knowledge, and teaching the children drowning self-rescue methods. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, we were divided into two groups, one of which distributed “anti-drowning propaganda materials” to residents of the community.（运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Through our efforts, we have strengthened the safety awareness of drowning prevention among young people, and will effectively prevent the tragedy that may occur.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句） 第二节(满分25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tim Setty was by himself under the bright stage lights, feeling his heart beat fast as he got ready to say Iago’s important speech from “Othello”. It felt like the bright light was pushing down on him, and his forehead was wet with sweat from being scared. When he tried to say his speech, he forgot what to say, and his legs felt weak. He messed up his lines, trying hard to remember the words he knew before. “Cut!” The director’s voice sliced through the silence, followed by the sound of footsteps as Mr. Frankle, the school’s Choral Director and the play’s director, approached the stage with his assistant, Monica. “Tim, we’ve practiced these lines. What’s happening up here?” Tim, not looking directly at anyone, spoke quietly about where to move on stage and how to say his lines with emotion, but his words got mixed up because he was so nervous. Mr. Frankle became less patient and interrupted Tim while he was still speaking, touching his shoulder to show he should stop. Tim couldn’t go on because the sound of people laughing from behind the stage reached him. Josh Rom a was laughing in a way that was clear and making fun of him. “He won’t be able to do it, Mr. Frankle. Have the backup actor take his place,” Josh said with a voice full of sarcasm (挖苦). Monica strongly disagreed, saying it wasn’t realistic to learn all of Iago’s long lines so quickly. Mr. Frankle made the laughing stop with a serious movement of his hand, ignoring Josh’s idea and telling Tim to rest for a moment before trying the part again. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Tim returned to the stage, he was tripped (绊倒) by Josh. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, Tim came back to practice with a newfound determination. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When Tim returned to the stage, he was tripped (绊倒) by Josh. Josh whispered, “Watch your step, Tim. Stage fright isn’t for amateurs.” Tim’s face flushed with anger and embarrassment, but instead of retaliating, he used this moment as fuel. Gathering all his courage, he stood tall, his voice steady as he began Iago’s speech again, perfectly. The crew and cast, surprised by Tim’s sudden transformation, fell silent, then erupted into applause. Josh’s smirk faded, replaced by a look of respect. The next day, Tim came back to practice with a newfound determination. He came early, holding his script with lots of notes. Mr. Frankle saw how hard Tim was trying and praised him. During practice, Tim spoke his lines with confidence and moved around the stage boldly. Even Josh apologized and offered to help. The team became closer, and on the night of the show, Tim walked onto the stage, not scared anymore but proud. He played Iago so well that everyone was impressed. Tim showed that with hard work and bravery, you can conquer any fear. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Tim Setty在准备表演《奥赛罗》时因紧张忘词，遭遇嘲笑。导演Mr. Frankle打断并询问情况，同时制止了Josh的挖苦。导演助手Monica反对换角，Mr. Frankle让Tim休息后再试。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当Tim回到舞台时，他被Josh绊倒了。”可知，第一段可描写Josh再次嘲笑Tim，但Tim用自己的实力证明了自己，让所有人另眼相看，甚至赢得了Josh的尊敬。 ②由第二段首句内容“第二天，Tim带着新的决心回来训练。”可知，第二段可描写Tim再次通过努力证明了自己，也让团队更团结，最终演出取得成功。 2.续写线索：Tim无视嘲笑——证明自己——团结了团队——演出取得成功 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①小声说：whisper/speak in a low voice ②反击：retaliate/fight back ③战胜：conquer/defeat/overcome 情绪类 ①尴尬：embarrassment/awkwardness ②大胆地：boldly/daringly 【点睛】[高分句型1] He came early, holding his script with lots of notes.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语) [高分句型2] He played Iago so well that everyone was impressed.(运用了so...that句型引导的结果状语从句) [高分句型3] Tim showed that with hard work and bravery, you can conquer any fear.(运用了连词that引导的宾语从句) 听力1-5AABBA 6-10BCBCB 11-15ACCBA 16-20CBACC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2023级高二上学期9月初开学摸底考 英语试题 本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。请在答题卡上作答。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5 小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the woman probably go to Chicago? A. The day after tomorrow. B. Tomorrow. C. Today. 2. How does the man sound? A. Surprised. B. Fearful. C. Worried. 3. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Cook a meal. B. Take out the rubbish. C. Go to the supermarket. 4. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. Where to stay in America. B. What to do during their tour. C. Whether to visit the Grand Canyon. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a flower shop. B. At a concert. C. At a wedding. 第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. When will Tom move? A. In July. B. In August. C. In June. 7. Why is Tom going to move? A. To live with his son. B. To live happily in the future. C. To work in a company in Canada. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Who is Jerry? A. The man's father. B. The man's brother. C. The man's cousin. 9. What did the man's father hurt? A. His head. B. His back. C. His knee. 10. Where is the piano now? A. In the living room. B. In the back room. C In the truck. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. When was Middlesex School founded? A. In 1901. B. In 1937. C. In 1974. 12. What change did Middlesex School make in 1974? A. More than 400 students entered it. B. Frederick Winsor left the school. C. It started to admit girls. 13. Who is Jennifer? A. The woman's younger sister. B. The woman's daughter. C. The woman's niece. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Librarian and library user. 15. How did the man first know about the environmental damage in Yucatan? A. From a lecture. B. From a magazine. C. From his brother. 16. What in the magazine are useful to the man? A. The interviews. B. The photos. C. The news stories. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. How many days is the Visitors' Center open a week? A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. 18. What should car drivers do at Finchbrooke Country Park? A. Limit the speed. B. Pay the parking fee. C. Drive on hard- surfaced paths. 19. Where can visitors find a telephone when the Visitors’ Center is closed? A. In the cafe. B. At the park entrance. C. Near the lake. 20. What is allowed to do at the park? A Swimming. B. Skating. C. Camping. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The FIFA Women’s World Cup might be taking place half a world away — in Australia and New Zealand, from 20 July — but football-mad families can get a fix of the beautiful game far closer to home. If you are inspired to take a football- based break with the kids this summer, here are the cities to head to. Liverpool As the home of Liverpool FC since the club’s formation in 1892, Anfield is one of the best-known football stadiums on the planet. Young fans of the club will find plenty to enjoy on the stadium tour, with many photo opportunities, dressing room access and great views across the city from the top of the Main Stand. The museum, The Liverpool FC Story, includes the Boom Room exhibition, devoted to the club’s 2019/2020 Premier League win. The guided tour takes around 70 minutes. Munich Various ex-Premier League stars are currently on Bayern Munich’s books, and the club has long been a grand sporting presence. Six times champions of Europe, Germany’s most successful team regularly sells out the ultra-modern 75,000-capacity Allianz Arena. Tours include access to the FC Bayern Museum, where countless trophies (奖杯) are on display. Milan As the home stadium of both AC Milan and Inter Milan, and a regular venue for internationals, San Siro is a ground with bags of history. Having two resident clubs means double the matches, and a higher likelihood of getting tickets for a game — where the atmosphere can be intense. The guided tour takes around 80 minutes. Paris The 80,000-capacity Stade de France has hosted three Champions League finals, a World Cup final and a Euros final, with the likes of Zinedine Zidane and Cristiano Ronaldo winning trophies here. For sports-mad kids, however, the appeal doesn’t end there — the same stadium will be staging next year’s Olympic Games. The guided tour takes around 90 minutes. 1. Who is the text intended for? A. A Chinese football fan. B. A French mother with a kid. C. A visitor getting to London. D. A primary school student from Germany. 2. What can children do on Anfield tour? A. Attend a football match. B. Buy dresses conveniently. C. Overlook the city of Liverpool. D. Enjoy the club’s newly-won trophies. 3. What do Allianz Arena and Stade de France have in common? A. They offer a guided tour. B. They have the same size. C. They can seat a large audience. D. They have hosted a World Cup final. B In 1957 a group of physicists gathered in a lecture hall at Princeton University to be addressed by a Chinese American woman. As she told the crowd about her recent experiment and its results, the response was dead silence for two minutes, then a thunderous applause (掌声) continued for ten minutes. The woman was Chien-Shiung Wu, known as the First Lady of Physics, who transformed nuclear science through her work on the Manhattan Project and other groundbreaking experiments. Born in 1912 near Shanghai, China, Wu was influenced by her father, an engineer, and her mother, an educator. Unlike many Chinese women of her time, she received a formal education. Fascinated by new discoveries and the story of women scientists like Marie Curie, she entered National Central University to study physics and then began her scientific studies. It was a time of rapid change in both the field of physics and China. Domestic unrest and a bad relationship with Japan made life at home uneasy. With the help of an uncle, she immigrated to the United States for graduate school. Wu planned to go to the University of Michigan, but a tour of the University of California, Berkeley — and word that a student center at Michigan did not allow female students to enter through the front door — changed her mind. At Berkeley Wu was visible for her gender and race, and from the start her male colleagues commented as much on her physical appearance as her keen mind. She quickly gained a reputation and became an expert in the newly discovered phenomenon of nuclear fission (核裂变). After graduation, she headed to Smith College to teach women physics. During World War Two Wu went to Princeton University, where she became the physics department’s first female instructor. But shortly after her arrival, her career took an unexpected turn in 1944. She ended up joining the staff at Columbia University on a top- secret research program now known as the Manhattan Project. 4. Which word best describes the lecture in Paragraph 1? A. Boring. B. Excellent C. Humorous. D. Common. 5. What inspired Wu to study physics? A. The background of her family. B. The success of women scientists. C. The formal education she received. D. The rapid change in the field of physics. 6. What happened to Wu in America? A. She was looked down on at Berkeley. B. She went to the University of Michigan at first. C. She taught women physics at Princeton University. D. She joined a top-secret research program at Columbia University. 7. What can we learn from Wu’s story? A. A good beginning is half done. B. Knowledge starts with practice. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. Positive thinking and action result in success. C If you’ve ever thought you may be running a temperature yet couldn’t find a thermometer (温度计), you aren’t alone. To address this issue, a team led by researchers at the University of Washington has created an app called Fever Phone, which changes smartphones into thermometers without adding new hardware (硬件). Instead, it uses the phone’s touchscreen and repurposes the existing battery temperature sensors to gather data that a machine learning model uses to estimate (估计) people’s core body temperatures. The team started by gathering data in a lab. To simulate (模拟) a warm forehead (前额), the researchers heated a plastic bag of water with a machine and pressed phone screens against the bag. To account for variations (变 化) in circumstances, such as different people using different phones, the researchers tested three phone models. They used the data from different test cases to train a machine learning model that used the complex interactions to estimate body temperature. The app tracks how quickly the phone heats up and then uses the touchscreen data to account for how much of that comes from a person touching it. As they added more test cases, the researchers were able to complete the model to account for the variations in things such as phone accessories (附件). To use Fever Phone, the participants held the phones like point- and- shoot cameras— with forefingers and thumbs touching the corner edges to reduce heat from the hands being sensed ( some had the researcher hold the phone for them). Then participants keep the skin-to-phone contact between the touchscreen and their foreheads for about 90 seconds, which the researchers found to be the ideal time to sense body heat transferring to the phone. Overall, Fever Phone estimated patient core body temperatures with an average error of about 0.41 degrees Fahrenheit (0.23 degrees Celsius), which is in the clinically acceptable range of 0.5 C. 8. How does Fever Phone sense fevers? A. By adding new hardware. B. By recreating a temperature sensor. C. By gathering data with the phone sensor. D. By connecting a thermometer to a smart phone. 9. What is Paragraph 2mainly about? A. How researchers developed Fever Phone. B. What problems appeared in the test cases. C. Whether the phone screens functioned well. D. Why Fever Phone could estimate body temperature. 10. Which gesture is right when you use Fever Phone? A. Taking a picture of your forehead. B. Holding the smartphone in hand. C. Raising the smartphone in front of you. D. Pressing the touchscreen against the forehead. 11. What’s the author’s attitude to Fever Phone? A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Indifferent. D Despite their name, microplastics are a great player in pollution worldwide. They have entered nearly every environment, especially oceans. To track the problem, researchers are now homing in on these floating white pollutants from more than 300 miles away — in space. Recent research in Scientific Reports details how microplastics appear to flow alongside floating oily and soapy substances (物质) called surfactants, which create distinct footprints (足迹) in ocean currents. Those footprints are found by NASA’s Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS), a network of eight hurricane- monitoring satellites (卫星), and following them could help map microplastics’ spread, aiding cleanup and regulation efforts. The CYGNSS satellite radar measures the ocean surface’s roughness (粗糙), caused by wind-generated waves. In 2021 CYGNSS researchers noticed the radar picking up strange areas of smoothness with fewer and smaller waves. They didn’t know the mechanism behind the smoothness or whether it might be linked to factors aside from microplastics such as marine life (海洋生物) or chemical interactions. To find out the reason, Pan and his CYGNSS colleagues did the following study: they used a 750,000-gallon indoor wave tank to simulate real- world currents. They found that microplastics alone, at their reported ocean concentration, did not generate matching patches of smoothness. Instead the smoothing came when the researchers added surfactants. These chemicals — which influence wave activity by decreasing the water’s surface tension — often accompany microplastics as a by-product of plastic production and breakdown and are carried on the same ocean currents. Because the satellites easily spot surfactants’ smoothing effect, the substances can act as à tracer (示踪剂) for microplastics’ movements. The researchers say tracing surfactants is a method “worth pursuing”. Microplastics can exist for a really long time. “If we want to invest in solutions, we want to know how plastic naturally moves around so that we can make the most of our resources and go after the places we can make the biggest difference.” 12. Which can best explain the underlined words “ homing in on” in Paragraph 1? A. Aiming at. B. Dealing with. C. Cleaning up. D. Sorting out. 13. According to Paragraph 2, what’s a function of CYGNSS? A To clean up surfactants. B. To track pollutants in the ocean. C. To create clear footprints in currents. D. To map microplastics’ spread in the ocean. 14. What does the study find about surfactants? A. They kill the marine life. B. They break down microplastics. C. They lead to the water’s smoothness. D. They increase the ocean surface’s roughness. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Scientists clean up ocean microplastics B. Satellites help recycle ocean pollutants C. Microplastics are a vital player in ocean pollution D. New technique maps ocean microplastics from space 第二节(共5 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Being a first-year international student at a U. S. college or university can be a little scary — there’s so much to do and remember. ___16___ Here are more first-year tips for international students. Connect With Other Students Before Arrival ___17___. These can be great opportunities to meet a potential roommate and begin finding connections and familiar faces before move-in. Students should also plan to attend other events to meet more students and grow their social circles. Call Home Upon Arrival Students may be excited to start their new life, but family need to know you. arrived safely. Students who forget to contact their parents after arriving could lead to a hurry call to university as parents try to track down their children. ___18___. The reason may be that there will be Wi- Fi at the airport and an Internet connect ion may not yet be set up at your new residence. ___19___ Experts say it’s wise to travel with some cash and have that money changed to U. S. dollars. In addition to getting money changed, a credit card is a must. If your wallet gets stolen, your money will be perfectly safe. It also quietly builds your credit score if you’ re paying back on time. Students typically can get information about setting up a bank account and should do some financial planning to cover all of their expenses. Make Friends With a Variety of Students While international student freshmen may be interested in their own communities, it’s important to branch out and meet a variety of students. ___20___. Students from other countries offer new perspectives, who can offer first-year students great advice and insights on navigating school. Experts also recommend connecting with native U. S. students, who can provide broader exposure to U. S. culture. A. Deal With Financial (金融) Issues B. Carry a Credit Card C. U. S. campuses are known for their diversity D. Contacting family when landing is important E. Call your parents and let them know you are sad F. But a little preparation can go a long way for a successful freshman year G. Universities often organize social media events to connect new students 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For former teacher Billy Keenan, life had always been about action. He mastered musical ___21___ including the erhu, guitar and piano. As a ___22___ player, he won numerous 5K, 10K and half-marathon runs. “I was at the ___23___ of my powers,” he said. But on Sept. 14, 2013, his life changed ___24___ while surfing at the Jersey Shore. “I rode that wave, ___25___ my board, and hit my ___26___ on the ocean floor,” Keenan told CBS News, “Everything went black.” Keenan ___27___ in a hospital room two weeks later. He had been paralyzed (瘫痪) from the shoulders down and the medical team didn’t ___28___ him to regain independent breathing. When a parent of a former student visited him at the hospital, they handed him the ___29___. It was NYPD Detective Steven McDonald. McDonald had _____30_____ a shooting and was too paralyzed in 1986. He _____31_____ forgave (原谅) his attacker. Later, he became a public speaker. That day, he had advice for Keenan. “The only reason you survive is that when you’ re better, when you’ re _____32_____, you’ re going to come back and contribute in a significant way.” Depending on that _____33_____ from McDonald and his own faith, Keenan _____34_____ the difficulties. Four months later, he was able to _____35_____ on his own again. 21. A. instruments B. skills C. pieces D. methods 22. A. generous B. weak C. competitive D. pleased 23. A. end B. top C. beginning D. point 24. A. possibly B. gradually C. slowly D. suddenly 25. A. stepped on B. threw away C. fell off D. left behind 26. A. knee B. head C. ankle D. waist 27. A. fell asleep B. woke up C. passed away D. lay down 28. A. expect B. aid C. urge D. encourage 29. A. wheelchair B. bill C. phone D. flower 30. A. mastered B. learned C. watched D. survived 31. A. eventually B. slightly C. occasionally D. happily 32. A. richer B. stronger C. more famous D. more knowledgeable 33. A. interest B. request C. question D. reminder 34. A. changed B. met C. overcame D. created 35 A. breathe B. run C. surf D. walk 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Handbook of The Belt and Road, a detailed account of the Belt and Road Initiative, ___36___ (launch) in multilingual versions (多语种版本) on June 20, 2024 in Beijing. The book encouraged 110 writers ___37___ (offer) 498 entries, as“ we try to ___38___(systematical) reflect the latest progress and latest expressions of the initiative”, said Zhao Jianglin, one of the executive editors of the book. He added that the book describes the original ___39___ (intend) and principles of the initiative, as well as its history and current situation, basic knowledge and ___40___ (relate) research. The idea of publishing the book, by Cai Fang and Peter Nolan, first came up in 2017. It has been revised and enriched in ___41___ (it) 2018, 2020, 2022 and 2024 (to be published soon) Chinese editions. Cai is ___42___ economist with the Chinese academy and Nolan is a British expert on China. The Belt and Road Initiative, since its launch, ___43___ (bring) great debates and interests among a wide range of people in the English- speaking world, which has been frequently reflected on coverage in newspapers, TV and magazines. ___44___ the most authoritative information comes from the handbook (known as the Routledge Handbooks). The book shows ___45___ two international publishers could work closely to present the work by multiple scholars. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，暑假期间作为志愿者参加了社区组织的防溺水宣传活动( the Drowning Prevention Campaign) , 请你给英国笔友 Eric写一封邮件, 内容包括： 1. 活动简介； 2. 参加过程及个人感受。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Eric, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tim Setty was by himself under the bright stage lights, feeling his heart beat fast as he got ready to say Iago’s important speech from “Othello”. It felt like the bright light was pushing down on him, and his forehead was wet with sweat from being scared. When he tried to say his speech, he forgot what to say, and his legs felt weak. He messed up his lines, trying hard to remember the words he knew before. “Cut!” The director’s voice sliced through the silence, followed by the sound of footsteps as Mr. Frankle, the school’s Choral Director and the play’s director, approached the stage with his assistant, Monica. “Tim, we’ve practiced these lines. What’s happening up here?” Tim, not looking directly at anyone, spoke quietly about where to move on stage and how to say his lines with emotion, but his words got mixed up because he was so nervous. Mr. Frankle became less patient and interrupted Tim while he was still speaking, touching his shoulder to show he should stop. Tim couldn’t go on because the sound of people laughing from behind the stage reached him. Josh Rom a was laughing in a way that was clear and making fun of him. “He won’t be able to do it, Mr. Frankle. Have the backup actor take his place,” Josh said with a voice full of sarcasm (挖苦). Monica strongly disagreed, saying it wasn’t realistic to learn all of Iago’s long lines so quickly. Mr. Frankle made the laughing stop with a serious movement of his hand, ignoring Josh’s idea and telling Tim to rest for a moment before trying the part again. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Tim returned to the stage he was tripped (绊倒) by Josh. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, Tim came back to practice with a newfound determination. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5AABBA 6-10BCBCB 11-15ACCBA 16-20CBACC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $