2025届高三英语一轮复习阅读理解猜词技巧 课件

猜测词义 Guessing meanings Country roads take me home To the place I belong West Virginia mountain momma Take me home country roads All my memories gather round her Miner's lady stranger to blue water Dark and dusty painted on the sky Misty taste of moonshine teardrop in my eyes Country roads take me home To the place I belong West Virginia mountain momma Take me home country roads I hear a voice in the morning how she calls me The radio reminds me of my home far away Driving down the road I get a feeling That I should been home yesterday home homesick homeland homework homeless hometown homepage 中学英语中常见的前缀(prefix)和后缀(suffix): super- (超) mini- (极小的, 微小的) micro-(极微小的) re- (再,反复) mis-(误,恶) im-(不) -proof(防—的) post-(后,以后) non-(不,非) -able(能…的 ) -less(不,无) -wards (向) Word Formation 构词法: supernatural microwave postgraduate mispronounce waterproof nonsmoker rebuild eastwards Can you guess the right meanings? (微波) (非烟民) (发错音) (向东) (超自然的) (研究生) (防水的 ) (重建) when pigs fly big potato shanghai japan john when pigs fly big potato john 单击此处编辑母版文本样式 第二级 第三级 第四级 第五级 单击此处编辑母版文本样式 第二级 第三级 第四级 第五级 —Do you think Mary will quit her job now that she's pregnant? —what pigs fly! There is no way she is giving up her career. 天方夜谭,太阳从西边出来 Tom is a great man. Tom is treated as a big potato. a big potato 大人物 john Tim drank too much water last night, so he went to visit john twice. 厕所 To improve our guessing ability, we can : Use context clues(语境法) Use word formation(构词法): 12 So by now, we can guess the meaning of the unfamiliar words with at least two methods, the first, using context clues, the second , using word analysis, today, we will just learn the first method. Group 1 1. The lion has its “territory” , which is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims(声称)as its own. “territory” means _ 地盘,领域 2. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway. The underlined word means_. A.strong B. determined C. kind D. clever 定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义或解释 3 It will be very hard but very brittle — that is , it will break easily. (adj. 易碎的, 脆的) 4 The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to patients’ heartbeat and breathing. 听诊器 技巧归纳1: Use _ _ 定义法(definition) 一般通过定义、定语(从句)或同位语(从句) 等来确定词义 Signal words: mean, refer to, be called, be known as ,can be defined as, in other words, that is to say, etc. He replied quickly, but after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty decision. 2 The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbour all called her an eccentric lady. 匆忙的 古怪的 Group2 — . 3 He is a serious person who always does everything conscientiously. 4 At fifty he is in his prime of life and always full of energy. 认真的 年富力强的时期 技巧归纳2: 利用_ 同义法 利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义 signal words: and or like as-as 1 Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented. 2 She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. A. on time B. late C. slowly D. quickly A (v. 不同意) Group 3 3. Tom is one of the most supercilious man I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest. 傲慢的 技巧归纳3: 利用_ 4 Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy person who does not like to go to parties or make new friends. 爱交际的 对比法 利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词 (组)猜测词义 Signal words: unlike, but,however, on the contrary, while instead…ect. I like to read periodicals, such as “Crazy English”, “News Week”, “ Readers’ Digest” etc. 2 Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions. Group 4 期刊 电器 技巧归纳4: 利用_ 举例法 Signal words:for example ,for instance,such as ,like,etc. Group5 1 、All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because she was using the wrong key. 徒劳的,无效的 2 The flowers in the vase withered because they had no water. 3 Tom is considered an autocratic administrator(管理人员) because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others. autocratic means _. 4 The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow. 凋谢,枯萎 独断专行的 浑浊不清的 技巧归纳5: 利用_ 因果关系 通过对原因或结果进行逻辑推理,猜出结果或原因中的生词词义 Signal words: because,since , so, therefore , such…that, so…that, etc. 1、 When a doctor performs an operation on a patient,he usually gives an anesthetic to make him unconscious,because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. Group 6 2 、It’s said that Bill Gates is the most affluent person in the world. 麻醉 富裕的 27 3. In the old days, when girls from rich families were married to their husbands, they expected to bring with themselves plenty of dowry. 4. The snake slithered through the grass. 嫁妆 爬行, 滑行 技巧归纳 6: Using_ 生活常识 利用生活常识;背景知识, 相关经验等确定词义 On Reading 词 义 猜 测 型 Summary 实战演练 抢答题 1 . A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don’t understand something, they say so. The word “audience” in the paragraph means _. A.students B. people who watch a play C. people who act on the stage D. people who listen to something 常识 teacher-students ﹡ ﹡ 2. When some kind of pain killer(止痛药) was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective(无效的). The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” means that the colours_ Attracted the customers strongly Had weak effects on the customers Tricked the customers into shopping Caused the customers to lose interest D 因果关系 because ﹡ 3. Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the trip were many, for example, the unbearable heat , the possibility of getting lost , the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes . “hazard” means _ A. pleasure, B. problem, C. danger, D. attraction C 举例for example 4. William Shakespeare said. “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn(纱线),good and ill together.” The underlined word “mingled” most probably means . A.simple B.mixed C.sad D.happy B definition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义 5. She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading. concentrate/focus her attention on 6. At the beginning they did not have enough capital to start a business, nor were they able to borrow the amount of money they needed from the bank. 资本 7 Rather than liking the movie, as I expected them to, all my friends abhorred it. 讨厌 ﹡8. The house looked quite normal outside, but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display. As he began putting them into his bag, a dog came into the room. It stopped when it saw Buster, then wagged its tail madly and went over to him, licking his outstretched hand. “Good boy,” Buster whispered. “What a great guard dog you are - trying to lick me to death.” Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word “exotic” ? A Messy and untidy. B. Rich and expensive. C. Comfortable and calming D. Unusual and foreign. 对比contrast normal—but-unusual ﹡﹡﹡ 9. Lions are opportunists. They prefer to eat without having to do too much work. When resting in the shade, they are also watching the sky to see what is flying by, and even in the heat of the day they will suddenly start up and run a mile across the plains to find out what is going on. If another animal has made a kill, they will drive it off and take the kill for themselves. By describing lions as “opportunists”, the author means to say that lions _. A. are cruel animals B. are clever animals C. Like to take advantage of(利用) other animals D. Like to take every chance to eat 构词法及下文解释 opportunity-ist 10 …But sometimes I just feel loath to talk to these people. Sometimes, I just want to be alone, quietly, without being forced to listen to their gossip or other useless words. ( )The underlined word “loath” in this paragraph has the closest meaning to _. A. unwilling B. eager C. pleased D. hurt 11 He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so before I understand anything. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident. A. see clearly B. understand C. expect B 12 The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever. The underlined word “banished” mean_. A. killed by stoning B. sent away C. imprisoned D. punished by whipping B 13 According to the study,if the cat is adopted before the dog,and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats,a year for dogs),it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog. The underlined word is closest in meaning to_ . A. early B. sweetly C. quickly D. smoothly 14. Children are always boasting. They say things like “My Dad’s car is bigger than your Dad’s,” “My Mom is smarter than yours.” and “My family has more money than yours.” The word “boasting” means _. A. 骄傲 B. 吹牛 C. 顽皮 D. 幼稚 B 15 The fire started on Sunday morning in the house of the King's baker(面包师) in Pudding Lane. The baker, with his wife and family, was able to get out through a window in the roof. A strong wind blew the fire from the bakery(面包房) into a small hotel next door. Then it spread quickly into Thames Street. That was the beginning. The word "family" means _. A. home B. children C. wife and husband D. wife and children Read through the two passages and guess the meaning the underlined words. 16: “Can I see my baby?” asked the happy new mother. The bundle (婴儿包) was placed in her arms and when she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped—the baby had been born without ears. Time, however, proved that the baby was perfect except his appearance. ( ) What does the word “gasp” mean? A. can’t move because of fear B. lost temper C. take a deep breath because of surprise D. feel curious C $$