精品解析：湖北省十堰市竹溪县第二高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期摸底考试英语试卷

高三上学期开学考试英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1. What does Linda love most about Chongqing? A. The food. B. The people. C. The landscape. 2. Where does Jason’s mother come from? A. Spain. B. Mexico. C. America. 3. What makes the woman choose the zoo? A. Its size. B. Its location. C. Its design. 4. What does the woman think of the man’s deed? A. Stupid. B. Great. C. Confusing. 5. How would the woman like to watch movies? A. At the cinema. B. On the computer. C. On the smartphone. 第二节 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is Karen’s favorite leisure time activity? A. Gardening. B. Reading books. C. Collecting stamps. 7. How many stamps has the man collected? A. 100. B. 150 C. 200. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How old should a child be to go to the camp? A. At least 3 years old. B. At least 9 years old. C. At least 19 years old. 9. What do older children mainly learn in the class? A. Basic dance skills. B. Different styles of dance. C. Challenging ballet movements. 10. What will the speakers do next? A. Book a class online. B. Find out the camp’s price. C. Tell Amy about the camp. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What did Guy Parker-Rees do for the book? A. He wrote the story. B. He financed it. C. He drew its paintings. 12. What did John decide to do after reading the book? A. Learn to admire others. B. Keep learning new things. C. Appreciate his own strengths. 13. Where did John get the book? A. From a bookstore. B. From a library. C. From a friend. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What record does Zuriel Oduwole hold? A. The filmmaker of making the most films. B. The most famous filmmaker at the moment. C. The youngest filmmaker in the film industry ever. 15. Why did Zuriel Oduwole make films? A. To make some money. B. To draw attention to African lives. C. To promote education for African girls. 16. What does the woman say about Zuriel Oduwole? A. She is brave. B. She is inspiring. C. She is confident. 17. Who is most probably the woman? A. An athlete. B. A coach. C. An actress. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker’s opinion on learning after leaving school? A. It’s popular. B. It’s important. C. It’s challenging. 19. What does the speaker love doing most? A. Traveling to new places. B. Joining peer groups. C. Reading books. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How to get a better tutor. B. How to develop new hobbies. C. How to become a lifelong learner. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A There are tons of physics textbooks available around the world. Based on our web research, here are our top four picks with the introduction of physics in simple, practical language. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics This book is a collection of online teachings by Professor R. Shankar. Shankar is one of the first to be involved in the innovative Open Yale Courses program. It is a perfect introduction to college-level physics. Students of chemistry, engineering, and AP Physics will find this book helpful. Physics for Students of Science and Engineering This book helps students to read scientific data, answer scientific questions, and identify fundamental concepts. The new and improved 10th edition features multi-media resources, and questions to test students’ understanding of each concept. The Feynman Lectures on Physics Richard Feynman is regarded as one of the greatest teachers of physics to walk the face of the earth. This book is a collection of Feynman’s lectures. In his words, these lectures all began as an experiment, which, in turn, formed the basis of this book. University Physics with Modern Physics The book is recognized for teaching and applying principles of physics through a narrative (叙事的) method. To ensure a better understanding and ability to apply these concepts, worked examples are provided, giving students tools to develop problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding. 1. What do the first two books have in common? A. They are improved editions. B. They are written by professors. C. They favor students of engineering. D. They feature multi-media resources. 2. Which book best suits students who enjoy learning physics through practical examples? A. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics. B. Physics for Students of Science and Engineering. C. The Feynman Lectures on Physics. D. University Physics with Modern Physics. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An online article. B. A research paper. C. A physics textbook. D. A science journal. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本物理学入门教科书，这些书用简单的语言介绍了物理学。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“It is a perfect introduction to college-level physics. Students of chemistry, engineering, and AP Physics will find this book helpful.(这是大学物理的完美入门。化学、工程和AP物理专业的学生会发现这本书很有帮助。)”可知，Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics这本书适合化学、工程学和AP物理学专业的学生，再由文章第三段“This book helps students to read scientific data, answer scientific questions, and identify fundamental concepts. (这本书帮助学生阅读科学数据，回答科学问题，并确定基本概念。)”可知，Physics for Students of Science and Engineering这本书能帮助学生阅读科学数据、回答科学问题并确定基本概念，且此书的名字也提及了工程学专业，故这两本书都适合工程学专业的学生阅读。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“To ensure a better understanding and ability to apply these concepts, worked examples are provided, giving students tools to develop problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding.(为了确保更好地理解和应用这些概念，提供了工作示例，为学生提供了培养解决问题的能力和概念理解的工具。)”可知，University Physics with Modern Physics这本书最适合喜欢通过实际例子学习物理的学生。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Based on our web research, here are our top four picks with the introduction of physics in simple, practical language.(根据我们的网络研究，以下是我们用简单实用的语言介绍物理学的四大精选。)”并分析文章的语言和内容结构可知，这篇文章可能是一篇在线文章（类似于网络文章或博客帖子）。故选A项。 B College students around the world have recently developed products and designs for a chance to win the James Dyson Sustainability Award. The competition is tough, as many of the brightest engineers and scientists compete for the prize. But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won — for good reason! The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country’s top engineering schools and will graduate soon. Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology. These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloudy day! According to the awarding remarks, AuREUS combines renewable material and advanced technology, which allows other devices to harvest UV light and transform it into electricity. Of course, “it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! It’s truly a game changer!” AuREUS is based on a plastic material, so it can be formed into different shapes. The science behind it is a bit confusing, but in Carvey’s words, “AuREUS is actually a material, or a technology. With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future-looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now.” While it’s clear to us that this product is special, Carvey was still caught by surprise when he found out he won the competition. It took a few days for him to process the news, and he’s already looking at what he can create next! “I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people,” he added. “This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.” 4. What is the function of the second paragraph? A. To offer background information about Carvey. B. To show how Carvey prepared for the competition. C. To explain why Carvey could win the competition. D. To introduce some unknown factors behind the win. 5 What makes AuREUS stand out from the entries? A. Its sustainability. B. Its high technology. C. Its new materials. D. Its effective use. 6. What can we learn about AuREUS? A. It can detect some food waste. B. It may promote crop production. C. It is mainly meant for farmers. D. It can make waste advantageous. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Carvey? A. Positive and hotheaded. B. Hard-working and humble. C. Helpful and persistent. D. Broad-minded and accessible. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了菲律宾27岁学生Carvey Ehren Maigue凭借AuREUS系统技术在James Dyson可持续发展大奖赛中脱颖而出的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country’s top engineering schools and will graduate soon. Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology. These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloud y day! (这位27岁的菲律宾人一直在菲律宾一所顶尖的工程学校学习，很快就要毕业了。在那里的这段时间里，他学到了很多关于设计的知识，这就是他创建AuREUS系统技术的原因。这些太阳能电池板由食物垃圾制成，即使在阴天也能将紫外线转化为可再生能源)”可知，第二段介绍了Carvey的学习背景，并指出正是因此他才研发了AuREUS系统；再结合第一段最后一句“But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won— for good reason! (虽然每个参赛作品都令人印象深刻，但卡维·埃伦·麦格的最终获奖是有充分理由的！)”可知，第二段的功能是解释了为什么Carvey能够赢得比赛。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! (它是环保的，可以长期使用，完全符合我们的目的，使它成为最引人注目的！)”可知，AuREUS环保且耐用的特点让它符合比赛的宗旨，因此是可持续性使它脱颖而出。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future- looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now. (通过AuREUS，我们对遭受自然灾害（如台风）袭击的农民的作物进行升级利用，而台风也恰好是气候变化的影响。通过将它们转化为新能源，我们既可以着眼于未来，又可以解决我们目前遇到的问题。)”可知，这种技术可以对遭受了自然灾害影响的农民的农作物加以循环利用，将它们转化为新的能源。AuREUS能够变废为宝。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的““I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people,” he added. “This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.” (“我很高兴，因为我知道，通过这个奖项，我将能够接触到更多的人，”他补充说。“这是我第二次申请，通过坚持，我成功了。”)”可知，Carvey是一个乐于助人且坚持不懈的人。故选C。 C Is diet soda safe? If you’re concerned about sugar, diet products seem a better option, sweet and not so bad for you. Wrong! Drinking diet soda regularly can increase your risk of diseases. Despite the fact that we call these drinks “diet”, the artificial sweeteners they contain are linked to weight gain, not loss. There’s the latest evidence that they increase the risk of depression, which comes from a new analysis by researchers at Harvard Medical School. The team drew upon a data set of nearly 32,000 female nurses, ages 42 to 62 when the study began. It turned out that the nurses who consumed the most diet drinks had a 37 percent higher chance of depression, compared to those who drank the least or none. Diet soda also increases your risk of stroke (中风) according to a separate meta-analysis that included 72 studies. Looking for the causes behind the stroke, researchers took various blood measurements when 12 healthy volunteers in their 20s drank water, soda, or diet soda. The result showed that both sodas slowed the flow of blood within the brain. Though the effect didn’t seem sufficient to cause stroke, slower blood flow could have accumulating effects. Other researchers have found that diet soda increases the risk of dementia (痴呆), from data from nearly 178,000 volunteers tracked over an average of nine years. That’s not a big surprise. An earlier study of about 4,300 volunteers concluded that drinking diet soda every day was tied to three times the risk of dementia over the following decade. The researchers looked at brain scans and the results of mental function assessments. A daily diet soda was linked to smaller brains and aggravates long-term memory, two risk factors for dementia. Avoiding depression, stroke, and dementia is an obvious goal for whoever desires to age healthily. So you know what to do. 8. How does the author present his point of view? A. By analyzing causes. B. By giving opinions. C. By quoting specialists. D. By presenting research. 9. What effect might diet soda have on people? A. Slight weight loss. B. Increased blood flow. C. Raised depression risk. D. Severe mental decline. 10. Which can best replace the underlined word “aggravates” in paragraph 4? A. Deletes. B. Worsens. C. Motivates. D. Stimulates. 11. What might the author advise us to do? A. Quit consuming diet sodas. B. Limit the daily sugar intake. C. Set achievable health goals. D. Follow fixed aging process. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章中作者通过引用多项研究来表明喝无糖汽水的危害，包括增加患抑郁症、中风和痴呆的风险。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“There’s the latest evidence that they increase the risk of depression, which comes from a new analysis by researchers at Harvard Medical School.(最新的证据表明，它们会增加患抑郁症的风险，这一证据来自哈佛医学院研究人员的一项新分析)”以及倒数第二段“Other researchers have found that diet soda increases the risk of dementia (痴呆), from data from nearly 178,000 volunteers tracked over an average of nine years.(其他研究人员发现，无糖汽水会增加患痴呆症的风险，这些数据来自对近17.8万名志愿者平均9年的跟踪调查)”可知，作者通过展示研究来提出自己的观点。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“There’s the latest evidence that they increase the risk of depression, which comes from a new analysis by researchers at Harvard Medical School.(最新的证据表明，它们会增加患抑郁症的风险，这一证据来自哈佛医学院研究人员的一项新分析)”可知，根据哈佛医学院研究人员的数据，无糖汽水会增加患抑郁症的风险。故选C。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“A daily diet soda was linked to smaller brains(每天喝无糖汽水会导致大脑萎缩)”和后文“two risk factors for dementia(痴呆的两个危险因素)”可知，每天喝无糖汽水会导致大脑萎缩，所以“aggravates long-term memory(aggravates长期记忆)”也应表示无糖汽水的不良影响。因此，aggravate的意思应为“使恶化”，worsen与之意思相近。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Avoiding depression, stroke, and dementia is an obvious goal for whoever desires to age healthily. So you know what to do.(避免抑郁、中风和痴呆是任何想要健康老去的人的一个明显目标。所以你知道该怎么做)”可知，为了能健康地老去，作者可能会建议我们停止喝无糖汽水。故选A。 D Recent developments in robotics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning have brought us in the eye of the storm of a new automation age. About half of the work carried out by people was likely to be automated by 2055 with adaption to technology, a McKinsey Global Institute report predicted. Automation can enable businesses to improve performance by reducing errors and improving quality and speed, and in some cases achieving outcomes that go beyond human capabilities. At a time of weak productivity growth worldwide, automation technologies can provide the much-needed promotion of economic growth, according to the report. Automation could raise productivity growth globally by 0.8 percent to 1.4 percent. At a global level, technically automated activities involved 1.1 billion employees and 11.9 trillion U.S. dollars in wages, the report said. The report also showed that activities most influenced by automation were physical ones in highly structured and predictable environments, as well as data collection and processing. In the United States, these activities make up 51 percent of activities in the economy, accounting for almost 2.7 trillion dollars in wages. They are most common in production, accommodation and food service, and the retail (零售) trade. And it’s not just low-skill, low-wage work that is likely to be influenced by automation; middle-skill and high-paying, high-skill occupations, too, have a degree of automation potential. The robots and computers not only can perform a range of routine physical work activities better and more cheaply than humans, but are also increasingly capable of accomplishing activities that require cognitive (认知的) capabilities, such as feeling emotions or driving. While much of the current debate about automation has focused on the potential that many people may be replaced and therefore lose their financial resources, the analysis shows that humans will still be needed: The total productivity gains will only come about if people work alongside machines. 12. What is the report mainly about? A. Comparisons of robots with humans. B. Analysis of automation’s potential in economy. C. Prediction of the unemployment problem. D. Explanations of the concept of the automation age. 13. What might happen in 2055 according to the text? A. Automation will cause weak productivity growth. B. Automation will reduce employees’ wages. C. Activities like data collection and processing will disappear. D. Activities involve feeling emotions can be performed by robots. 14. How does the author feel about human workers? A. Worried. B. Mixed. C. Optimistic. D. Doubtful. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A Automation: A challenge to all? B. Automation: Where to go from here? C. Automation: Who is the eventual winner? D. Automation: A future replacement for humans? 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麦肯锡全球研究院的一份报告。报告预测，到2055年，随着对技术的适应，大约一半的人类工作有可能实现自动化。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子“About half of the work carried out by people was likely to be automated by 2055 with adaption to technology, a McKinsey Global Institute report predicted. (麦肯锡全球研究所(McKinsey Global Institute)的一份报告预测，到2055年，随着技术的发展，大约一半的人类工作可能会实现自动化。)”和接下来三段的展开论述可知，这篇报告主要分析了自动化对经济的影响，探讨了自动化在提高效率、推动经济增长方面的作用，以及这一趋势对不同类型工作的影响。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容“The robots and computers not only can perform a range of routine physical work activities better and more cheaply than humans, but are also increasingly capable of accomplishing activities that require cognitive capabilities, such as feeling emotions or driving. (机器人和计算机不仅可以比人类更好、更便宜地完成一系列日常体力劳动，而且也越来越有能力完成需要认知能力的活动，比如感受情绪或驾驶。)”可知，机器人和计算机会越来越能够完成需要认知能力才能完成的事，例如感受情绪或驾驶车辆。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“While much of the current debate about automation has focused on the potential that many people may be replaced and therefore lose their financial resources, the analysis shows that humans will still be needed: The total productivity gains will only come about if people work alongside machines. (虽然目前关于自动化的争论主要集中在许多人可能被取代从而失去经济资源的可能性上，但分析表明，人类仍然是需要的：只有当人类与机器一起工作时，总生产率才会提高。)”可知，作者对人类工作者持积极乐观的态度。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文开头主要介绍了机器人技术、人工智能和机器学习的最新发展使人类处于一个新的自动化时代的风口浪尖。麦肯锡全球研究院的一份报告预测，到2055年，随着对技术的适应，大约一半的人工工作有可能实现自动化。接着文章展开介绍了自动化对经济及不同类型工作的影响，最后提出人类和机器一起工作，总生产率提高才会实现。因此D项“自动化：未来人类的替代品？”适合作本文标题。故选D。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Sustainable travel is now one of the fastest-growing movements. Its goal is to meet the needs of the tourism industry without harming natural and cultural environments. ____16____ Here are some concrete ways to reduce your environmental impact as a traveler. ____17____ Travel doesn’t have to be about going somewhere far away. It’s the art of exploration, discovery and getting out of your comfort zone, all of which can just as well be nearby. Find somewhere nearby you haven’t been, get in your car, and go for a visit. You never know what you’ll come across. Make greener transportation choices. After walking, public transportation is the next best way to explore new destinations. ____18____ When it comes to longer distances, buses and trains are your best way of getting around, both of which can be quite an experience in and of itself. Avoid over-visited destinations. If you can, avoid places with over-tourism. You’ll find fewer crowds and lower prices, and you also won’t be putting as much pressure on local communities struggling to keep up. And, from a personal-enjoyment point of view, who wants to deal with crowds or long lines? No one. ____19____ Take a nature-related trip. If you want to better understand and appreciate the natural world, try taking a trip with the single purpose of connecting with nature. ____20____ I promise that when you come home, you’ll have a new viewpoint on why we’re all so focused on being environmentally friendly these days. A. Stay close to home. B. Find an ideal place to explore. C. Sustainable travel can be useful to support communities. D. Not only is it better for the environment, but it’s cheaper as well. E. Get in touch with the world in a way that sitting at home doesn’t. F. If not managed properly, tourism can have incredibly negative impacts. G. Visiting less-visited destinations can be much more enjoyable and rewarding. 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可持续旅游，以及一些降低旅行者对环境的影响的具体方法。 【16题详解】 根据空前“Its goal is to meet the needs of the tourism industry without harming natural and cultural environments.（其目标是在不损害自然和文化环境的情况下满足旅游业的需要。）”介绍了可持续旅游及其目标，以及空后“Here are some concrete ways to reduce your environmental impact as a traveler.（这里有一些具体的方法来减少你的旅行对环境的影响。）”建议了一些具体方法来降低旅游对环境的影响。F项“（如果管理不当，旅游业可能会产生令人难以置信的负面影响。）”对开展可持续旅游的原因进行了解释（即“为什么”），承接了上文的“是什么”，同时开启了下文的“怎么做”。故选F。 【17题详解】 空处应填入本段的中心句。根据空后“Travel doesn’t have to be about going somewhere far away. It’s the art of exploration, discovery and getting out of your comfort zone, all of which can just as well be nearby.（旅行并不一定要去很远的地方。这是一种探索、发现和走出舒适区的艺术，所有这些都可以近在咫尺。）”强调了旅游并不一定要去很远的地方，在附近探索和发现也可以。A项“Stay close to home.（待在家附近。）”符合语境。故选A。 【18题详解】 本段主旨是“Make greener transportation choices.（选择更环保的交通方式。）”。根据空前“After walking, public transportation is the next best way to explore new destinations.（除了步行，公共交通是探索新目的地的第二佳方式。）”提到公共交通是仅次于步行的探索新目的地的最佳方式。D项“Not only is it better for the environment, but it’s cheaper as well.（它不仅对环境更好，而且更便宜。）”分析了公共交通的好处，解释了为什么要选择公共交通工具，承接上文，符合语境。选项中的it指代的是上文的public transportation。故选D。 【19题详解】 本段主旨是“Avoid over-visited destinations.（避免去游客过多的目的地。）”。空处位于段尾，应总结本段内容，再次点明主旨。分析选项可知，G项“Visiting less-visited destinations can be much more enjoyable and rewarding.（去探访较少有人去的目的地可能更加令人愉悦和有益。）”总结了本段的内容，符合语境。“Visiting less-visited destinations”是对本段关键信息“over-visited destinations”的反义转述。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据空前“Take a nature-related trip. If you want to better understand and appreciate the natural world, try taking a trip with the single purpose of connecting with nature.（来一次与大自然有关的旅行。如果你想更好地了解和欣赏自然世界，试着带着与自然联系的唯一目的去旅行。）”可知上文强调，通过“与自然亲近”的旅游，人们可以更好地理解和欣赏自然界。E项中的“Get in touch with the world”指的就是亲近自然，是“connecting with nature”的同义表达。同时，选项中的“sitting at home”也和下文中的“come home”形成呼应。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） Last Friday, I headed to work on a crowded subway. Eyes glued to my ___21___, I surfed the Internet. As the doors closed, I heard the overhead voice. I generally ___22___ the repeated announcements. But this one was ___23___. “Good morning,” said an energetic voice. It was such a nice voice, with such a nice ___24___, that I looked up, catching the eye of a fellow ___25___. “Paddington Station will be your next stop, your first opportunity to change for the two or three trains. It’s a new day, a new year, and a time for second chances. Please ___26___ your steps as you leave the train!” I smiled, and the woman whose eyes I’d caught smiled, too. We ___27___. Then we did the thing that nobody ever does on a subway — we ___28___ to each other. Other passengers smiled, too. Our smiles lasted as the train reached Paddington Station. Together, we ___29___ to the very train that we might have the opportunity to ___30___ in limited time. On this train, I felt relieved and smiled. Then I got off at my stop and started my day. I felt so good in the office. That nice feeling ___31___ all day. What happened? Could it be that an unusually ___32___ announcement and small talks with a ___33___ changed my mood? Yes, I believed so. Maybe I enjoyed the smile, the laugh, and the ___34___ philosophy. I realized that just saying “hello” might make you feel unexpectedly good. It’s the ___35___, though, that makes me feel most important. 21. A. seat B. phone C. book D. exit 22. A. forget B. doubt C. mistake D. ignore 23. A. different B. similar C. terrible D. funny 24. A. greet B. sense C. tone D. note 25. A. director B. passenger C. worker D. guide 26. A. take out B. speed up C. arrange for D. watch out for 27. A. laughed B. stopped C. refused D. wondered 28 A. referred B. objected C. spoke D. turned 29. A. walked B. rushed C. moved D. headed 30. A. miss B. repair C. control D. catch 31. A. ended B. began C. lasted D. changed 32. A. optimistic B. meaningful C. amusing D. powerful 33. A. friend B. colleague C. stranger D. broadcaster 34. A. irregular B. improper C. illogical D. unexpected 35. A. transportation B. connection C. direction D. invitation 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。叙述了作者在地铁上的一次经历，包括听到的播报、与陌生人的交流以及这些经历对作者心情的影响。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我目不转睛地盯着手机上网。A. seat座位；B. phone手机；C. book书；D. exit出口。根据后文“I surfed the Internet”可知，选项中能上网的是手机。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我通常会忽略重复的通知。A. forget忘记；B. doubt怀疑；C. mistake弄错；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“the repeated announcements”结合实际可知，一般人坐地跌都会忽略重复的通知。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这次不一样。A. different不同的；B. similar相似的；C. terrible可怕的；D. funny有趣的。根据后文““Good morning,” said an energetic voice. It was such a nice voice, with such a nice 　　　4　　　, that I looked up”可知，本次声音很好听，充满活力，所以是不同的。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那声音很悦耳，语调很好听，我抬起头来，引起了一位乘客的注意。A. greet问候；B. sense感觉；C. tone音调；D. note笔记。根据前文““Good morning,” said an energetic voice. It was such a nice voice, with such a nice”可知，作者觉得这个声音充满活力，很悦耳，语调也很好。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那声音很悦耳，语调很好听，我抬起头来，引起了一位乘客的注意。A. director导演；B. passenger乘客；C. worker工人；D. guide导游。根据后文“I smiled, and the woman whose eyes I’d caught smiled, too.”可知，是引起了一位女士的注意，也就是乘客。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：下火车时请小心脚下！A. take out取出；B. speed up加速；C. arrange for安排；D. watch out for当心。根据后文“your steps as you leave the train!”结合实际可知，此处应是广播提醒下火车时请小心脚下。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们大笑起来。A. laughed笑；B. stopped停止；C. refused拒绝；D. wondered想知道。根据前文“I smiled, and the woman whose eyes I’d caught smiled, too.”可知，作者和女士笑了。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们做了一件在地铁上从来没有人做过的事——我们互相说话。A. referred提到；B. objected反对；C. spoke说话；D. turned转向。根据前文“Then we did the thing that nobody ever does on a subway”结合实际可知，一件在地铁上从来没有人做过的事，就是和陌生人互相说话。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一起冲向那辆地铁，以便在有限的时间内有机会赶上车。A. walked走；B. rushed冲；C. moved移动；D. headed前往。根据后文“train that we might have the opportunity to 　　　10　　　 in limited time.”可知，作者要在有限的时间赶上车，所以应是冲向那辆地铁。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一起冲向那辆地铁，以便在有限的时间内有机会赶上车。A. miss错过；B. repair修理；C. control控制；D. catch赶上。根据前文“Together, we 　　　9　　　 to the very train”可知，作者冲向地铁，是为了能赶上车。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那种美好的感觉持续了一整天。A. ended结束；B. began开始；C. lasted持续；D. changed改变。根据后文“all day”结合选项可知，应是“持续了一整天”符合语境。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：难道是一个异常乐观的广播和与陌生人的简短交谈改变了我的情绪吗？A. optimistic乐观的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. amusing不可思议的；D. powerful强大的。根据前文““Good morning,” said an energetic voice.”可知，广播声充满活力，所以是乐观的。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：难道是一个异常乐观广播和与陌生人的简短交谈改变了我的情绪吗？A. friend朋友；B. colleague同事；C. stranger陌生人；D. broadcaster广播员。根据前文“Then we did the thing that nobody ever does on a subway — we 　　　8　　　 to each other.”可知，作者和地铁上的陌生人交谈。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许我喜欢那种微笑，那种大笑，以及那种意想不到的哲学。A. irregular不规则的；B. improper不适当的；C. illogical不合逻辑的；D. unexpected出乎意料的。根据后文“I realized that just saying “hello” might make you feel unexpectedly good.”可知是意想不到的哲学。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，让我觉得最重要的是这种联系。A. transportation交通；B. connection连接、联系；C. direction方向；D. invitation邀请。根据前文“I realized that just saying “hello” might make you feel unexpectedly good.”可知，说声“你好”可能会让你感觉出乎意料的好，是一种联系。故选B项。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An exhibition titled “Learn from the Past and Know the Future: China’s Archaeological (考古学的) Achievements in the New Era” is taking place at the National Museum of China. Nearly 400 of the most recently ____36____ (unearth) cultural relics from the collections of 43 museums and archaeological institutions are ____37____ (current) on display. The exhibits cover a wide range of periods ____38____ include a variety of fields. The exhibition vividly describes the history of human origins, the ____39____ (form) of Chinese civilization and its development within the boundaries of China. One striking part of the exhibition is the hand axes (斧), ____40____ are fundamental tools that were created and used by early humans. They are characterized by both their aesthetic (美学的) and practical ____41____ (function). Bronzeware is another eye-catching part of the exhibition. A bronze box ____42____ Yuncheng, Shanxi Province that ____43____ (date) back to the Spring and Autumn period is famous for its elegant design. And a string-patterned stove vividly reflects the significant role that the Silk Road played in ____44____ (connect) China with the world. It is also worth noting that the design of the exhibition hall was inspired by the unique spatial (空间的) structures of the archaeological sites, offering audiences the chance ____45____ (understand) the relationship between archaeological work and its outcomes better. 【答案】36. unearthed 37. currently 38. and 39. formation 40. which 41. functions 42. from 43. dates 44. connecting 45. to understand 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。中国国家博物馆正在举办一场名为“鉴往知来：新时代中国考古成就展”的展览，展示了来自43家博物馆和考古机构的近400件最新出土文物，涵盖多个历史时期和领域，展示了中华文明的形成与发展，以及考古工作的重要性。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：目前，43家博物馆和考古机构收藏的近400件最新出土文物正在展出。are是本句的谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作定语，cultural relics和unearth为动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填unearthed。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：目前，43家博物馆和考古机构收藏的近400件最新出土文物正在展出。空处修饰整个句子，需用副词形式，作状语。故填currently。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：展品涵盖了广泛的时期，包括各种领域。空处连接cover和include两个并列谓语，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：展览生动地描述了人类起源的历史、中华文明的形成及其在中国境内的发展。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，此处应用form的名词形式formation，意为“形成”，不可数名词。故填formation。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：展览的一个引人注目的部分是手斧，这是早期人类创造和使用的基本工具。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是hand axes，指物，从句中缺少主语，应用which引导该从句。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：它们的特点是兼具美学和实用功能。根据空前形容词practical可知，空处需填名词，function在此处指“功能”，可数名词，其前无冠词，所以应用其复数形式表泛指。故填functions。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：山西运城的一个春秋时期的青铜盒子以其优雅的设计而闻名。此处表示“来自”山西运城的一个青铜盒子，应用介词from。故填from。 【43题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：山西运城的一个春秋时期的青铜盒子以其优雅的设计而闻名。空处作定语从句的谓语动词，是对客观事实的陈述，应用一般现在时，that指代先行词a bronze box，是单数主语，故谓语动词date应用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：而一个串纹炉灶生动地反映了丝绸之路在连接中国与世界方面发挥的重要作用。空处位于介词in之后，应用动名词形式。故填connecting。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同样值得注意的是，展览馆的设计灵感来自考古遗址独特的空间结构，为观众提供了更好地了解考古工作与其成果之间关系的机会。名词chance后面需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to understand。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，在美国某校学习交流期间，该校拟举办趣味运动会（fun sports meeting），校学生会向全校师生征集有创意的运动项目。你打算给学生会写一封邮件，内容包括： （1）你的创意项目； （2）你的推荐理由； 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答 To whom it may concern, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】To whom it may concern, Learning that the Students’ Union is collecting creative items for the upcoming fun sports meeting, I can’t wait to recommend the three-legged race. In a three-legged race, two students form a pair, standing side by side, with one of their legs tied together, thus creating the amusing “two people, three legs” scene. The champion goes to those who reach the finish line first. Easy as it may sound, the race requires effective cooperation and team spirit, which are crucial to everyone in the long term. Hope you will find my recommendations beneficial. Anticipating your prompt reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给学生会写一封邮件介绍自己的创意项目以及你的推荐理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 收集：collect→gather 到达：reach→get to 有效的：effective→efficient 重要的：crucial→important 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In a three-legged race, two students form a pair, standing side by side, with one of their legs tied together, thus creating the amusing “two people, three legs” scene. 拓展句：In a three-legged race, two students form a pair and stand side by side while one of their legs is tied together, which consequently creates the amusing and unique ‘two people, three legs’ scene that is both entertaining and challenging. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Learning that the Students’ Union is collecting creative items for the upcoming fun sports meeting, I can’t wait to recommend the three-legged race.(运用了现在分词作状语，that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2]Easy as it may sound, the race requires effective cooperation and team spirit, which are crucial to everyone in the long term.(运用了as引导让步状语从句和部分倒装，which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。  People say there seems to be so much negativity in this world, but there are good people out there and sometimes we are made aware of them when we least expect it. My family had been planning a yard sale for several weeks. Our five-year-old son, Braxton, asked if he could set up a lemonade (柠檬水) stand during the yard sale. He wanted to make a little money and save up to buy a set of Lego bricks, which might add up to $100. “I will earn it myself!” he declared proudly. He had been talking about it almost non-stop and couldn’t wait for the day to finally arrive. Two days ago, we put up the sign “Yard Sale” in front of the driveway, telling neighbors about the time and items. On the very day, Braxton woke up early at 6:00 am and couldn’t hide his excitement. After setting everything out for the yard sale, he made the lemonade and baked some cookies to begin his business adventure. After about an hour or more, we had several customers, but Braxton still had not sold any lemonade. He was a little sad. Then a young woman walked up with her baby to browse the items. While making small talk, we told her about Braxton’s plan to save his money for his little dream. She then selected a couple of baby toys for just $6 and paid with a $10 bill. “Keep the change, boy!” she said gently. Braxton offered to give her the lemonade and cookies he made. He couldn’t have been happier to receive his first little bit of money for the day. The woman left with the baby toys, the lemonade and some cookies. We didn’t give it much thought after that, but the story didn’t end there. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Several minutes passed and the woman returned. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Holding the envelope and the bill, we were so moved. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: Several minutes passed and the woman returned. “Is there anything wrong?” I thought to myself. I actually thought she was here to ask for her change back. Of course, I couldn’t have been more wrong. She was carrying an envelope this time. She handed it to us and said, “The lemonade and cookies are so delicious that I want to buy all of them. I hope you can give them away to whoever passes by your stand for me.” We thanked her and she walked away. We opened the envelope after she left and found a $100 bill in it. Paragraph 2: Holding the envelope and the bill, we were so moved. It was just a random act of kindness by a total stranger that would make a little five-year-old boy’s wish come true. At the same time, she delivered that kindness to other strangers by offering them lemonade and cookies for free. She obviously did not do it for praise or recognition. She just did it out of the kindness of her heart. Contrary to what some may think, the positivity in this world really does outweigh the negativity. There are good people around us doing good deeds, asking for nothing back. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的家人几个星期前就开始计划庭院旧货出售，儿子为此制作了柠檬水和饼干，一位年轻妇女吃过以后给了作者100美元，能把它们送给任何经过摊位的人。作者为女人的善举所感动。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几分钟过去了，女人回来了”可知，第一段可描写女人提出把柠檬水和饼干送给任何经过摊位的人，支付了100美元。 ②由第二段首句内容“拿着信封和账单，我们都很感动”可知，第二段可描写作者感动，以及传递善举。 2.续写线索：女人返回——夸奖柠檬水和饼干——提出善举——支付100美元——作者感动——作者传递善举——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①打开：open/unfold ②赠送：give away/present ③实现：make sth. come true /realize 情绪类 ①赞美：praise/compliment ②积极：positivity/optimism 【点睛】[高分句型1] The lemonade and cookies are so delicious that I want to buy all of them. (运用了结果状语从句) [高分句型2] We opened the envelope after she left and found a $100 bill in it. (运用了after引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高三上学期开学考试英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1. What does Linda love most about Chongqing? A. The food. B. The people. C. The landscape. 2. Where does Jason’s mother come from? A. Spain. B. Mexico. C. America. 3. What makes the woman choose the zoo? A. Its size. B. Its location. C. Its design. 4. What does the woman think of the man’s deed? A. Stupid. B. Great. C. Confusing. 5. How would the woman like to watch movies? A. At the cinema. B. On the computer. C. On the smartphone. 第二节 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is Karen’s favorite leisure time activity? A. Gardening. B. Reading books. C. Collecting stamps. 7. How many stamps has the man collected? A. 100. B. 150 C. 200. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How old should a child be to go to the camp? A. At least 3 years old. B. At least 9 years old. C. At least 19 years old. 9. What do older children mainly learn in the class? A. Basic dance skills. B. Different styles of dance. C. Challenging ballet movements. 10. What will the speakers do next? A. Book a class online. B. Find out the camp’s price. C. Tell Amy about the camp. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What did Guy Parker-Rees do for the book? A. He wrote the story. B. He financed it. C. He drew its paintings. 12. What did John decide to do after reading the book? A. Learn to admire others. B. Keep learning new things. C. Appreciate his own strengths. 13. Where did John get the book? A. From a bookstore. B. From a library. C. From a friend. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What record does Zuriel Oduwole hold? A. The filmmaker of making the most films. B. The most famous filmmaker at the moment. C. The youngest filmmaker in the film industry ever. 15. Why did Zuriel Oduwole make films? A. To make some money. B. To draw attention to African lives. C. To promote education for African girls. 16. What does the woman say about Zuriel Oduwole? A She is brave. B. She is inspiring. C. She is confident. 17. Who is most probably the woman? A. An athlete. B. A coach. C. An actress. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker’s opinion on learning after leaving school? A. It’s popular. B. It’s important. C. It’s challenging. 19. What does the speaker love doing most? A. Traveling to new places. B. Joining peer groups. C. Reading books. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How to get a better tutor. B. How to develop new hobbies. C. How to become a lifelong learner. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A There are tons of physics textbooks available around the world. Based on our web research, here are our top four picks with the introduction of physics in simple, practical language. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics This book is a collection of online teachings by Professor R. Shankar. Shankar is one of the first to be involved in the innovative Open Yale Courses program. It is a perfect introduction to college-level physics. Students of chemistry, engineering, and AP Physics will find this book helpful. Physics for Students of Science and Engineering This book helps students to read scientific data, answer scientific questions, and identify fundamental concepts. The new and improved 10th edition features multi-media resources, and questions to test students’ understanding of each concept. The Feynman Lectures on Physics Richard Feynman is regarded as one of the greatest teachers of physics to walk the face of the earth. This book is a collection of Feynman’s lectures. In his words, these lectures all began as an experiment, which, in turn, formed the basis of this book. University Physics with Modern Physics The book is recognized for teaching and applying principles of physics through a narrative (叙事的) method. To ensure a better understanding and ability to apply these concepts, worked examples are provided, giving students tools to develop problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding. 1. What do the first two books have in common? A. They are improved editions. B. They are written by professors. C. They favor students of engineering. D. They feature multi-media resources. 2. Which book best suits students who enjoy learning physics through practical examples? A. Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics. B. Physics for Students of Science and Engineering. C. The Feynman Lectures on Physics. D. University Physics with Modern Physics. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An online article. B. A research paper. C. A physics textbook. D. A science journal. B College students around the world have recently developed products and designs for a chance to win the James Dyson Sustainability Award. The competition is tough, as many of the brightest engineers and scientists compete for the prize. But while every entry was impressive, Carvey Ehren Maigue’s ultimately won — for good reason! The 27-year-old from the Philippines has been studying at one of the country’s top engineering schools and will graduate soon. Throughout his time there, he learned plenty about design, which is what led him to create AuREUS System Technology. These solar panels are made from food waste and transform UV light (紫外线) into renewable energy, even on a cloudy day! According to the awarding remarks, AuREUS combines renewable material and advanced technology, which allows other devices to harvest UV light and transform it into electricity. Of course, “it is environmentally friendly and can be used for a long time, perfectly meeting our purpose and making it the most striking one! It’s truly a game changer!” AuREUS is based on a plastic material, so it can be formed into different shapes. The science behind it is a bit confusing, but in Carvey’s words, “AuREUS is actually a material, or a technology. With AuREUS, we upcycle the crops of the farmers that were hit by natural disasters, such as typhoons, which also happen to be an effect of climate change. By transforming them into new energy, we can be both future-looking, and solve the problems that we are currently experiencing now.” While it’s clear to us that this product is special, Carvey was still caught by surprise when he found out he won the competition. It took a few days for him to process the news, and he’s already looking at what he can create next! “I was very happy because I know that through this award, I will be able to reach out to more people,” he added. “This is my second time applying, and through persistence, I managed to win.” 4. What is the function of the second paragraph? A. To offer background information about Carvey. B. To show how Carvey prepared for the competition. C. To explain why Carvey could win the competition. D. To introduce some unknown factors behind the win. 5. What makes AuREUS stand out from the entries? A. Its sustainability. B. Its high technology. C. Its new materials. D. Its effective use. 6. What can we learn about AuREUS? A. It can detect some food waste. B. It may promote crop production. C. It is mainly meant for farmers. D It can make waste advantageous. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Carvey? A. Positive and hotheaded. B. Hard-working and humble. C. Helpful and persistent. D. Broad-minded and accessible. C Is diet soda safe? If you’re concerned about sugar diet products seem a better option, sweet and not so bad for you. Wrong! Drinking diet soda regularly can increase your risk of diseases. Despite the fact that we call these drinks “diet”, the artificial sweeteners they contain are linked to weight gain, not loss. There’s the latest evidence that they increase the risk of depression, which comes from a new analysis by researchers at Harvard Medical School. The team drew upon a data set of nearly 32,000 female nurses, ages 42 to 62 when the study began. It turned out that the nurses who consumed the most diet drinks had a 37 percent higher chance of depression, compared to those who drank the least or none. Diet soda also increases your risk of stroke (中风), according to a separate meta-analysis that included 72 studies. Looking for the causes behind the stroke, researchers took various blood measurements when 12 healthy volunteers in their 20s drank water, soda, or diet soda. The result showed that both sodas slowed the flow of blood within the brain. Though the effect didn’t seem sufficient to cause stroke, slower blood flow could have accumulating effects. Other researchers have found that diet soda increases the risk of dementia (痴呆), from data from nearly 178,000 volunteers tracked over an average of nine years. That’s not a big surprise. An earlier study of about 4,300 volunteers concluded that drinking diet soda every day was tied to three times the risk of dementia over the following decade. The researchers looked at brain scans and the results of mental function assessments. A daily diet soda was linked to smaller brains and aggravates long-term memory, two risk factors for dementia. Avoiding depression, stroke, and dementia is an obvious goal for whoever desires to age healthily. So you know what to do. 8. How does the author present his point of view? A. By analyzing causes. B. By giving opinions. C. By quoting specialists. D. By presenting research. 9. What effect might diet soda have on people? A. Slight weight loss. B. Increased blood flow. C. Raised depression risk. D. Severe mental decline. 10. Which can best replace the underlined word “aggravates” in paragraph 4? A. Deletes. B. Worsens. C. Motivates. D. Stimulates. 11. What might the author advise us to do? A. Quit consuming diet sodas. B. Limit the daily sugar intake. C. Set achievable health goals. D. Follow fixed aging process. D Recent developments in robotics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning have brought us in the eye of the storm of a new automation age. About half of the work carried out by people was likely to be automated by 2055 with adaption to technology, a McKinsey Global Institute report predicted. Automation can enable businesses to improve performance by reducing errors and improving quality and speed, and in some cases achieving outcomes that go beyond human capabilities. At a time of weak productivity growth worldwide, automation technologies can provide the much-needed promotion of economic growth, according to the report. Automation could raise productivity growth globally by 0.8 percent to 1.4 percent. At a global level, technically automated activities involved 1.1 billion employees and 11.9 trillion U.S. dollars in wages, the report said. The report also showed that activities most influenced by automation were physical ones in highly structured and predictable environments, as well as data collection and processing. In the United States, these activities make up 51 percent of activities in the economy, accounting for almost 2.7 trillion dollars in wages. They are most common in production, accommodation and food service, and the retail (零售) trade. And it’s not just low-skill, low-wage work that is likely to be influenced by automation; middle-skill and high-paying, high-skill occupations, too, have a degree of automation potential. The robots and computers not only can perform a range of routine physical work activities better and more cheaply than humans, but are also increasingly capable of accomplishing activities that require cognitive (认知的) capabilities, such as feeling emotions or driving. While much of the current debate about automation has focused on the potential that many people may be replaced and therefore lose their financial resources, the analysis shows that humans will still be needed: The total productivity gains will only come about if people work alongside machines. 12. What is the report mainly about? A. Comparisons of robots with humans. B. Analysis of automation’s potential in economy. C. Prediction of the unemployment problem. D. Explanations of the concept of the automation age. 13. What might happen in 2055 according to the text? A. Automation will cause weak productivity growth. B. Automation will reduce employees’ wages. C. Activities like data collection and processing will disappear. D. Activities involve feeling emotions can be performed by robots. 14. How does the author feel about human workers? A. Worried. B. Mixed. C. Optimistic. D. Doubtful. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Automation: A challenge to all? B. Automation: Where to go from here? C. Automation: Who is the eventual winner? D. Automation: A future replacement for humans? 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） Sustainable travel is now one of the fastest-growing movements. Its goal is to meet the needs of the tourism industry without harming natural and cultural environments. ____16____ Here are some concrete ways to reduce your environmental impact as a traveler. ____17____ Travel doesn’t have to be about going somewhere far away. It’s the art of exploration, discovery and getting out of your comfort zone, all of which can just as well be nearby. Find somewhere nearby you haven’t been, get in your car, and go for a visit. You never know what you’ll come across. Make greener transportation choices. After walking, public transportation is the next best way to explore new destinations. ____18____ When it comes to longer distances, buses and trains are your best way of getting around, both of which can be quite an experience in and of itself. Avoid over-visited destinations. If you can, avoid places with over-tourism. You’ll find fewer crowds and lower prices, and you also won’t be putting as much pressure on local communities struggling to keep up. And, from a personal-enjoyment point of view, who wants to deal with crowds or long lines? No one. ____19____ Take a nature-related trip. If you want to better understand and appreciate the natural world, try taking a trip with the single purpose of connecting with nature. ____20____ I promise that when you come home, you’ll have a new viewpoint on why we’re all so focused on being environmentally friendly these days. A. Stay close to home. B. Find an ideal place to explore. C. Sustainable travel can be useful to support communities. D. Not only is it better for the environment, but it’s cheaper as well. E. Get in touch with the world in a way that sitting at home doesn’t. F. If not managed properly, tourism can have incredibly negative impacts. G. Visiting less-visited destinations can be much more enjoyable and rewarding. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） Last Friday, I headed to work on a crowded subway. Eyes glued to my ___21___, I surfed the Internet. As the doors closed, I heard the overhead voice. I generally ___22___ the repeated announcements. But this one was ___23___. “Good morning,” said an energetic voice. It was such a nice voice, with such a nice ___24___, that I looked up, catching the eye of a fellow ___25___. “Paddington Station will be your next stop, your first opportunity to change for the two or three trains. It’s a new day, a new year, and a time for second chances. Please ___26___ your steps as you leave the train!” I smiled, and the woman whose eyes I’d caught smiled, too. We ___27___. Then we did the thing that nobody ever does on a subway — we ___28___ to each other. Other passengers smiled, too. Our smiles lasted as the train reached Paddington Station. Together, we ___29___ to the very train that we might have the opportunity to ___30___ in limited time. On this train, I felt relieved and smiled. Then I got off at my stop and started my day. I felt so good in the office. That nice feeling ___31___ all day. What happened? Could it be that an unusually ___32___ announcement and small talks with a ___33___ changed my mood? Yes, I believed so. Maybe I enjoyed the smile, the laugh, and the ___34___ philosophy. I realized that just saying “hello” might make you feel unexpectedly good. It’s the ___35___, though, that makes me feel most important. 21. A. seat B. phone C. book D. exit 22. A. forget B. doubt C. mistake D. ignore 23. A. different B. similar C. terrible D. funny 24. A. greet B. sense C. tone D. note 25. A. director B. passenger C. worker D. guide 26. A. take out B. speed up C. arrange for D. watch out for 27. A. laughed B. stopped C. refused D. wondered 28 A. referred B. objected C. spoke D. turned 29. A. walked B. rushed C. moved D. headed 30. A. miss B. repair C. control D. catch 31. A. ended B. began C. lasted D. changed 32. A. optimistic B. meaningful C. amusing D. powerful 33. A. friend B. colleague C. stranger D. broadcaster 34. A. irregular B. improper C. illogical D. unexpected 35. A. transportation B. connection C. direction D. invitation 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An exhibition titled “Learn from the Past and Know the Future: China’s Archaeological (考古学的) Achievements in the New Era” is taking place at the National Museum of China. Nearly 400 of the most recently ____36____ (unearth) cultural relics from the collections of 43 museums and archaeological institutions are ____37____ (current) on display. The exhibits cover a wide range of periods ____38____ include a variety of fields. The exhibition vividly describes the history of human origins, the ____39____ (form) of Chinese civilization and its development within the boundaries of China. One striking part of the exhibition is the hand axes (斧), ____40____ are fundamental tools that were created and used by early humans. They are characterized by both their aesthetic (美学的) and practical ____41____ (function). Bronzeware is another eye-catching part of the exhibition. A bronze box ____42____ Yuncheng, Shanxi Province that ____43____ (date) back to the Spring and Autumn period is famous for its elegant design. And a string-patterned stove vividly reflects the significant role that the Silk Road played in ____44____ (connect) China with the world. It is also worth noting that the design of the exhibition hall was inspired by the unique spatial (空间的) structures of the archaeological sites, offering audiences the chance ____45____ (understand) the relationship between archaeological work and its outcomes better. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，在美国某校学习交流期间，该校拟举办趣味运动会（fun sports meeting），校学生会向全校师生征集有创意的运动项目。你打算给学生会写一封邮件，内容包括： （1）你的创意项目； （2）你的推荐理由； 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答 To whom it may concern, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。  People say there seems to be so much negativity in this world, but there are good people out there and sometimes we are made aware of them when we least expect it. My family had been planning a yard sale for several weeks. Our five-year-old son, Braxton, asked if he could set up a lemonade (柠檬水) stand during the yard sale. He wanted to make a little money and save up to buy a set of Lego bricks, which might add up to $100. “I will earn it myself!” he declared proudly. He had been talking about it almost non-stop and couldn’t wait for the day to finally arrive. Two days ago we put up the sign “Yard Sale” in front of the driveway, telling neighbors about the time and items. On the very day, Braxton woke up early at 6:00 am and couldn’t hide his excitement. After setting everything out for the yard sale, he made the lemonade and baked some cookies to begin his business adventure. After about an hour or more, we had several customers, but Braxton still had not sold any lemonade. He was a little sad. Then a young woman walked up with her baby to browse the items. While making small talk, we told her about Braxton’s plan to save his money for his little dream. She then selected a couple of baby toys for just $6 and paid with a $10 bill. “Keep the change, boy!” she said gently. Braxton offered to give her the lemonade and cookies he made. He couldn’t have been happier to receive his first little bit of money for the day. The woman left with the baby toys, the lemonade and some cookies. We didn’t give it much thought after that, but the story didn’t end there. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Several minutes passed and the woman returned. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Holding the envelope and the bill, we were so moved. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$