Unit1-Unit 8 讲义 2024-2025学年牛津译林版英语九年级上册

Lecture One：9A Unit1--Know yourself（1） Teaching Targets（教学目标） 1. 能够掌握第一单元单词和短语 2. 能熟悉单词用法，辨析单词含义 Teaching Key Points & Special difficulties（教学重点、难点） 1. 单词、短语的辨析和运用 2. 形容词、动词、名词的用法区分 List of the Knowledge 【Vocabulary（New words） and Expressions（Phrases）】生词、词组和短语 1. eat up吃光，吃完，宾语是名词时，放在eat up的中间或后面，宾语是代词时，一定要放在中间 up短语搭配：捡起__________ 彻底打扫__________ 用光__________ 占据__________ 张贴；举起__________ 放弃__________ 调高（音量）__________ 出现__________ 2. creative adj. 有创造力的 create v. 创造 creator n. 创造者 creation n. 创造 3. curious adj. 好奇的 curiosity n. 好奇 be curious about 对…好奇 4. energetic adj. 精力充沛的 energy n. 能量 5. organized adj. 有条理的 organize v. 组织，安排 organization n.组织 6. keep sth. in (good) order 使…保持井然有序 7. show off 炫耀 show up 出现 show v. show… around 向某人展示某物（2种）____________________ 8. come up with = think of 想出 catch up with 赶上（由其指功课、进度，强调动作） keep up with 赶上（强调状态） put up with 忍耐 9. neither; either 词义 两者 三者或三者以上 任意一个 either any 都 both all 都不 neither none 10. accountant n. 会计 count v. 数数；重要 11. born adj. 天生的 a born artist 一个天生的艺术家 bear-bore-born v. 生（孩子） 生来具有...__________ 12. impress v. 给…留下印象 impression n. 印象 impress sb. with sth. 以……给……留下印象 be impressed with/by… 留下深刻印象；被感动 make an impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻印象 13. praise n. 表扬，赞扬（不可数名词） vt..赞扬 praise sb. for sth. 表扬某人某事 win high praise from sb. 高度赞扬 14. proud adj. 骄傲的，自豪的 pride n. 骄傲，自豪 以...自豪（2种）____________________ 15. general adj. 总的；首席的；普遍的；大体的 n. 一般 general manager 总经理 通常，大体上；总的来说__________ 16. race n. 比赛，赛跑 v. 和…比速度 race against sb. 同某人比赛 17. lead n. 领先地位；榜样 v. 指引，引导；领路；领导 take the lead 处于领先地位 lead to 通向；导致 18. fall behind 落后 fall down 跌落，掉下，落下 fall off 跌落，从…掉下来 fall over 向前摔倒，跌倒 fall back 后退 fall asleep 入睡 19. challenge n.挑战 challenging adj.有挑战性的 take on new challenges 接受新挑战 20. connect v. 连接 connect A with/to B 21. A miss is as good as a mile. 失之毫厘，谬以千里。 miss n. [c]错误，过失 v. 错过；想念 miss the train 错过火车 as good as 和…几乎一样，简直是 He as good as said I was a liar. 他无异于说我撒谎。 22. 集中注意力做某事____________________ 23. standard n. 标准[c] work to high standards 工作高标准 up to standard 达到标准，符合标准 adj. 标准的，规范的，权威的 standard weight 标准体重 24. carelessness n. 粗心 careless adj. carelessly adv. careful adj. carefully adv. -ness是名词后缀，类似单词：illness, happiness, loneliness 25. work extra hours 加班 26. devote vt. 把……献给；把……用在 (时间、精力、生命等抽象名词) devote sth. to (doing) sth devote oneself to (doing) sth. 致力于，献身于 eg. I don’t think we should devote any more time to this question. 我认为我们不应该在这个问题上花更多的时间。 He devoted his whole life to teaching. 他把毕生精力献给了教学。 devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的 devotion n. 热爱；忠诚 27. respect v. 尊敬，尊重 respect sb as… 把某人尊为… respect him as my teacher n. 尊敬，敬意；方面 give one’s respect to 向…表达问候 have respect for… 尊敬，重视 in all respects 在各方面 28. be suitable for… 对…适合 suit v. 适合 29. impatient adj. 不耐烦的 n. impatience 反义词：patient/ patience 对…有耐心__________ 30. think twice about sth 三思而行 31. lunar calendar 阴历 32. represent v. 代表 = stand for 33. appear vi. 出现 appearance n. 出现；外表 反义词: disappear 34. fixed adj. 固定的 fix v. 固定；修理 in a fixed order 35. powerful adj. 有力的，强大的 power n. 权力 36. lively, live, alive 与living辨析 ①lively “生动的，活泼的”，用作表语或定语，可以用来修饰人或物。如： Jenny is a lively girl . 詹妮是个活泼的女孩。 Everything is lively here . 这儿一切都生机勃勃。 ②live “活着的”，通常指物，不指人，常用来作定语放名词的前面。还指“实况转播的”。 如：a live wire 有电的电线，a live fish 一条活鱼。 ③alive “活着”，侧重说明生与死之间的界限，既可指人，也可指物;可用来作表语，后置定语或宾补。 No man alive is greater than he . 在活着的人中没有人比他更伟大了。 He wanted to keep the fish alive . 他想让鱼活着。 ④living意为“活着”强调说明“尚在人间”，“健在”，可用来指人或物，作定语或表语。如: My first teacher is still living . 我的启蒙老师仍健在。 English is a living language . 英语是活的语言。 批注：living 前加上 the , 表示类别，指“活着的人们”。living 还可用于短语， 如：make a living 谋生。 37. practical adj. 实际的 practice n. 实际 in practice 实际上 38. be loyal to 对…忠诚 39. in all=in total 总计，总共 毕竟__________ 首要的是__________ 一点也不__________ 40. divide v. 分开 把...分成... __________ separate v. 分离 separate… from… 把部分从整体分开 41. speech n. 演讲，发言 speak v. 说，说话；演讲 make a speech 发表演说 42. absent adj. 缺席的 absence n. be absent from 缺席… 43. agree with sb 同意某人 agree on/about sth 就某事取得一致意见 agree to do sth 同意做某事 44. It says/ reads… 上面说/写着/显示… （不可换成writes） 【Key structures】 句型赏析 1. Suzy is well organized. She keeps all her things in good order.  (1) organized adj. 有条理的，有效率的 organize 动词，意为“组织，安排” organization 名词，意为“组织，机构” 例句：I agreed to help organize the company picnic.  They have established a student organization. 他们成立了一个学生组织。 (2) order  ①名词，意为“顺序”   in good order 有条不紊  out of order 次序颠倒，不按顺序 in the wrong order 次序乱了 keep good order 保持良好的次序 in order that + 句子 目的在于……,为了…… in order to do sth.为了做某事 ②order 做动词，意为“命令；订购” 例句： He ordered a new suit for himself. 他为自己订购了一套新西装. He ordered us to leave the room quietly. 他命令我们悄悄的离开房间。 2. Daniel is very clever,but he is modest and never shows off. show off 炫耀；卖弄，后面接名词、代词和从句，代词放中间。 Don't show it off here. 不要在这炫耀它。 show 的用法 show sb. sth = show sth to sb 把某物给某人看 show sb around some place 带领某人参观某地 show sb the way to…/where …is/ how sb can get to…告诉某人去……的路 show +that 从句……表明…… show up 出现，到来 例句： Your work shows that you are careful. He showed up at last. 3. Neither my parents nor I think I can make a good accountant. Neither 1)neither 用作代词，意为“两者都不”常用结构：neither of + 代词或名词复数，此结构做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Either 也有相似的用法，表示“任何一个” 例句：Neither of the stories was true. 两个故事都不是真的。 2)用作形容词，意为”（两者中）没有一个，表示全部否定，后接可数名词单数 例句：Neither story is interesting.两个故事都没有趣。 3)并列连词，neither…nor…，既不……也不……，在句子中连接同等的句子成分，连接主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语保持一致。(就近原则) 例句：Neither you nor I am right. 你和我都不对。 4. Wu Wei, the young artist, has impressed the whole country with his creative work. (1) Impress 动词，“给……留下深刻的印象”三种句型 1) impress sb.with sth 例句：He impressed me with his excellent drawing skills. 他高超的绘画技巧给我留下了深刻的印象。 2) be impressed by/with 例句：I am impressed by/with your speech. 3) leave/make/have an impression on sb. 例句：Your school left/made/had a beautiful impression on me. (2)whole 形容词，意为“全部的，整体的，所有的”，用在名词前作定语 例：She spent the whole day writing. 5. His sculpture for Sunshine Town Square has won high praise from the art community. praise n.赞扬，赞美，表扬 receive praise 接受赞美 give praise 表扬 high praise 高度赞扬 例句： 他赞扬她的勇气 He praised her for her courage. 朋友们的赞扬使这个孩子很自豪。 The praises of his friends made the body feel very proud won 是win 的过去分词，此处作及物动词，意为“赢得”，也可作不及物动词， 意为“获胜，赢” 例句：Who won the race today? We must win today. 辨析：win 与beat win 赢得，获胜 所接宾语一般是比赛、辩论、战斗、奖金等名词或赢得的荣誉 beat 打败，战胜 所接宾语是参加比赛的人、团体等 例句： Lilei beat Jim and won the first prize. 李雷击败了吉姆，获得了第一名。 6. You either take the lead or fall behind. 你要么领先，要么落后。 (1) either 1) 用作副词，意为“也不”，通常用在否定句末。 例句： I don’t want the blue one, and I don’t want the red one,either. 2) 用作代词, 意为“ (两者中的）任何一个，后常与of 连用 例句：There are two bikes in the room. You can ride either of them. 3) 用作形容词，意为”（两者中）任一的；后接可数名词单数 例句：There are shops on either side of the street. 4) either … or…并列连词，要么…要么，或者…或者，不是…就是，在句子中连接同等的句子成分，连接主语时，谓语动词要与靠近它的主语保持一致。 例句：Either you or he is wrong. 不是你错了，就是他错了。 (2) take the lead意为“处于领先地位” 例句：She took the lead in the second lap. 她在第二圈时领先。 (3) fall behind意为“落后” Come on！We are falling behind. 7. As a doctor, you can’t be too careful. Can’t…too…固定句型，意为“无论怎么样都不过分，越……越好 You can’t praise the book too much. 这本书值得大加赞扬。 拓展：有时也用can never, impossible 等与too 连用来表示类似的意思。 例句：It is impossible to get to school too soon. 到校越早越好。 同义：can’t….enough/more 8. She has devoted most of her time to her work. devote (1) devote用作及物动词，意为“把……献给；把……用在”，常与介词to搭配，构成devote ... to ...结构，介词to之后跟名词或动词-ing形式。例句： I don’t think we should devote any more time to this question. 我认为我们不应该在这个问题上花更多的时间。 He devoted his whole life to teaching.他把毕生精力献给了教学。 (2) devote oneself/one’s time to 致力于，献身于 例句：For four years he devoted himself to music.四年来，他全力倾注于音乐。 9. They appear in a fixed order and the cycle repeats every 12 years. ①appear 作不及物动词，意思为“出现，露出”。如： A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain. 批注：appear作为不及物动词时既不能后接宾语，也不能用于被动语态。 作连系动词，意思为“看起来，似乎”，后可接名词、形容词、动词不定式或从句等。如： It appears a true story. 　 He appears (to be) quite rich . He appears to be living in the area. 　　 It appears that he forgot to sign the letter.  【拓展】appear的反义词是disappear，类似加dis-这样的否定前缀的词还有： dislike, dishonest, discuss等。 ②fixed 形容词，“固定的” fix 动词，“修理；使固定”。如： Can you fix this MP4 for me here now? 常用短语： fix up 修理，修补，如： I'll take it to the watch maker's and ask him to fix it up for me. 10. It makes them feel good to share things with others. make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 it做形式主语，动词不定式to share things with others作真正的主语。 动词不定式作主语的几个句型： ① It is + 名词/名词短语 + to do sth. It is our duty to serve the people. ② It is + 形容词 + to do sth. It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 变式：It is + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. It is + 形容词 + of sb. + to do sth. ③ It takes/took + sb. + some time + to do sth. It takes her an hour to review her lessons every day. 11.It is you who shape your life and your future. (P16)是你自己塑造了你的生活和你的未来。 1) 句中的“It is+被强调的部分十who／that+原句其他部分”是一种强调句型，用于加强语气。可以用于这种强调句型中的被强调的部分通常是句中的主语、状语、宾语等。如果强调的部分是人，可用who代替that。如； It is Mr Brown who teaches us history． 是布朗先生教我们历史。(强调主语) It is five novels that he has written in the past two years． 在过去的两年里他已经写了五本小说。(强调宾语) It was in Shanghai that I saw the film last year． 去年我是在上海看过这部电影。(强调状语) 2) shape vt. 塑造，使成形 shape people’s personalities n. 形状，样子 in shape 在外形上 注意：①it强调句型不能强调句子的谓语。 ②强调部分指人用who或that，强调部分指物用that. 12. It is said that people born in the year of Tiger are brave.(P16)据说在虎年出生的人很勇敢。 It is said that...据说，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。类似的结构还有： ①it is reported that..据报道......如： It is reported that the police have found the missing girl students. ② It is believed that...据说，据信......如： It is believed that the spy is still in Russia. ③It is known that...众所周知......如： It is known that the Youth Olympic Games were held successfully in Nanjing this summer. ④It is thought that...据估计，人们认为.......，如： 13. We hope that you agree with us. (P18) 我们希望你同意我们的意见。 agree “同意”，常见用法： ①agree with sb “同意某人的意见”。如： All of us agreed with the professor. ②agree to do 同意做某事。如： I don’t agree to make the experiment. ③ agree on sth 就...取得一致。如： Finally, we agreed on the price with the seller. 14. We are writing to recommend David as our new monitor. recommend sb. as … 推荐某人为…… recommend sb.sth = recommend .sth to sb 向某人推荐某物 recommend sb to do sth 劝告/建议某人做某事 基础练习 一、单项选择 ( )1. My little cousin is a (an) ______ boy and he always asks me all kinds of strange questions. A. creative B. curious C. energetic D. organized ( )2. Did you find _______ hard to get good grades in exams? --Hard? It is ______ great fun for us. A. it’s, so B. it, so C. it’s, such D. it, such ( )3. — It’s dangerous to walk across the street carelessly. — You’re right. We can’t be______careful while crossing the street. A. so B. very C. too D. more ( )4. — Would you like a cup of coffee or a bottle of juice? —______. I’d like some milk. A. Either B. Both C. None D. Neither ( )5. It is I ______ against the plan, because it sounds impossible to carry out. A. that is B. who am C. who are D. that are ( )6. Not only the two computer programmers but also their friend _______ about the murder. A. was asked B. was asked for C. were asked D. were asked about ( )7. When __________ when to leave for Shanghai, Jim said no one had informed him. A. was asked B. to ask C. asking D. being asked ( )8. — Did you enjoy the outdoor training yesterday? — No, not at all! I was ______ dead after so much hard training. A. as good as B. as well as C. so good as D. so well as ( )9. — Our monitor Jack is good at all the subjects, but he never ______. — What a modest student! A. gets off B. takes off C. puts off D. shows off ( )10. We may meet kinds of difficulties in the future, but we should be confident enough to______ any challenge. A. put on B. get on C. take on D. try on 二、词汇检测 1. It’s said that we will be__________(分开) into 4 groups. 2. The young men are trying to be (先锋) in the field of high technology. 3. The product of this company has reached the international (标准), so it sells well all over the world. 4. They were ill last week, so they were (缺席)from school. 5. The famous star ___________ (出现) and attracted a lot of people. 6. Kitty is a___________(生机勃勃的) girl. She enjoys dancing and singing. 7. He was very_________(没有耐心的) with his students. He often asks his students to stand in the classroom. 8. It’s a tradition for a Chinese family to buy a new (挂历) when the new year is drawing near. 9. Each of the animal sign__________（代表）a lunar year. 10. In fact, it is you who____________(塑造)your life and your future. 三、动词填空 1 .He never gave up __________(learn) English .That was why he was successful at last. 2. He__________ (win) several science competitions since he came to our school. 3. The musical video you look forward to ____________ (sell) out yesterday. 4. We should pay attention to ___________ (listen) carefully in class. 5. Neither my sisters nor my mum__________ (do) the housework now. 6. Would you please ____________ (not talk) in a loud voice in the library? 拔升练习 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. --Look at _________ sculpture, Jack! How do you like it? --This is ________ most wonderful one I have ever seen. A. the; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a ( ) 2. -- Mrs. Black is an organized housewife. --That’s right. Everything in her house is always___________. A. in order B. out of order C. in trouble D. in the way ( ) 3. --What will you do if you find it too hard to carry on with the job? --I will ask for help. Anyway, I won’t ________halfway (中途). A. give out B. give up C. give away D. give off ( ) 4. --Which would you like, a cup of coffee or a bottle of orange, Jane? --__________. I don’t mind. A. Either B. Both C. None D. Neither ( ) 5. It’s his brother __________ never been to Australia. You’d better take him with you. A. that is B. who is C. that have D. who has ( ) 6. --It’s dangerous to walk across the street carelessly. --You’re right. We can’t be ________careful while crossing the street. A. so B. very C. too D. more ( ) 7. You’d better______ before making an important decision. A. think two B. to think twice C. think twice D. to think two ( ) 8. Some scientists ______all their lives _______their homeland. A. devotes; into building B. devoted; to build C. devoted; to building D. devotes; for building ( ) 9. Much more attention should _________ when we take exams. A. pay to B. be paid C. be paid to D. pay 9A Unit1--Know yourself（2） Teaching Targets（教学目标） 1. 掌握重点短语和句型 2. 熟悉各类连词的用法 Teaching Key Points & Special difficulties（教学重点、难点） 1. 连词的就近原则和就前原则 2. 知识点的应用 List of the Knowledge 【Grammar and Notes】语法和注释 连词 1. 并列连词 --- 连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。 常见的有： (1)表并列关系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor，as well as（也，和）等。 (2)表选择关系的or, either…or等。 (3)表转折关系的but, however, while, yet等。 (4)表因果关系的for, so等。 2. 从属连词---用来引导从句（后面单元具体学习）。常见的从属连词有： (1)引导时间状语从句的after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。 (2)引导条件状语从句的if, unless等。 (3)引导原因状语从句的because, as, since等。 (4)引导目的状语从句的so that, in order that等。 (5)引导让步状语从句的though, although, even if等。 (6)引导结果状语从句的so that, so…that, such…that等。 (7)引导比较状语从句的than, as…as等。 (8)引导宾语从句的that, if , whether等。 具体用法分析 1. and/ but /or/ so and用法：和；而且；又；然后 表示联合，意为“和”、“又”、“而且” 有时用于连接两个相同的词语，表示事物连续性 The train ran faster and faster. 火车开得越来越快 but 用法： (1) but 用法连词，表示让步关系，意思是“除非，要不是”，常与that一起构成but that, 相当于"if...not"。 例如：I would have failed but that your helped me.要不是你们帮助我，我就会失败 (2)but用于否定词加doubt, question, deny等到之后，没有实在意义，只相当于关系连词that. 例如： There's no doubt but he is a thief.毫无疑问，他是一个贼。 (3)but用作介词，表示“除了”意义，相当于besides, except. 例如：No one knows him but she. 除了她，没有人认识她。 so用法： (1)so可以用作连词，表示“因此，所以”。 例：I heard some noise outside, so I went out of the room to see why. so that作为连词词组，表示 “以便，为了”。 例：The vase is put high on the table, so that it won’t be broken. (2) so可以用作副词，表示： 1)“如此，这么”结构为：so+adj./adv 例：She was so tired that she fell asleep very fast. 表示此意思时，还可以用：so+adj.+a/an+n. 例：It is so good a movie that everyone who saw it praises it very much. 2)“如此，如是”，用于表示已经提到的想法，建议或情况等 例：“Will I need my umbrella?” “I think so.” 3)“也是，也一样”结构为so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语 例：Tony takes exercise every day and so does his younger brother. 注意否定句应把so改为neither/nor，结构为neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语 例：Jenny has never been late for class.Neither/Nor her younger brother. 4) “确实是这样”，表示对前面陈述事实的强调，结构为： so+主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词 例：Tony works very hard at all the subjects.So he does. or用法：或；否则 Hurry up， or you’ll be late.快点，否则就要迟到了。这里or表示“否则，不然的话” You may do it yourself, or ask someone else to do it.你可以自己做，也可以要别人做。 这里or就是表选择。”或者“的意思。连接两个成分（名词，短语或句子。） He hardly ever goes to the cinema or the theatre.他几乎从来不去电影院或剧院。 这里的or肯定也表示选择了。 2. both …and…/not only…but(also)…/either…or…/neither…nor… not only... but (also)... 1.not only... but (also)...在句中常用来连接两个对等的成分，also可以省略。 如：She speaks Russian not only in class but (also) at home.她在课堂上和家里都说俄语。 2. not only... but (also)... 用来连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单、复数遵循“就近原则”，即和but (also)后的名词或代词的数一致。如： Not only you but also he is tired of having one examination after another. 不但你，而且他也讨厌一次接一次的考试。 3. not only... but (also)... 连接两个分句，当not only位于句首，前一个分句常用倒装来表示强调，而but (also)后的分句仍用陈述语序。如： Not only does Miss Li like music, but (also) she likes sports. 李小姐不但喜欢音乐，而且还喜欢体育。 【注意】使用中注意两点： 1.就近。指谓语形式取决于离它近的主语。 Not only the students but also the teacher reads English every day. 2、一致。not only 与 but also后面所接的词类要一致。 She can not only sing but also dance. both…and… 我们使用both…and… 来强调某事不仅仅对一个人，一件事或一种情况是对的，对另一个人，另一件事或另一种情况也是对的。 例如：Both Kitty and I have known something about the four people. 基蒂和我都了解这四个人的一些事情。 either…or… 或者……或者…… 我们使用either…or…来说明一个或另一个，这个或那个，他或她等。 例如：You either take the lead or fall behind. 你要么领先要么落后。 neither…nor… 既不……也不…… 我们使用neither…nor…来说明两者都不。 Neither my parents nor I think I can make a good accountant. 我父母和我都认为我不能成为一名好会计。 Practice makes perfect!巩固练习 Ⅰ. 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空 1. Many traffic accidents happen because of the drivers’ ________ (careless) or taking no notice of traffic rules. 2. We all think you should think ________ (two) about changing a new job. 3. He is ________ (energy) enough to work till night without stopping for a rest. 4. —Which of the dresses do you prefer for the party? —Neither of them is ________ (suit) for a birthday party. They are too formal. 5. John looks at his watch from time to time. Why is he so ________ (patient)? 6. Not only his classmates but also his teacher ________ (know) how to protect the environment already. Ⅱ. 单项选择 1. I’ve wanted to read Peter Pan for long, ______ today I finally borrowed the book from the library. A. or B. but C. and D. since 2. Do you still want to go climbing ______ have you changed your mind? A. and B. but C. so D. or 3. “Put on your coat, ______ you will catch a cold!” This is what my mum often says to me. A. and B. but C. Or D. so 4. You can’t decide whether or not you like something until you try it, ______ it’s important to try something new. A. but B. or C. so D. yet 5. Betty kept silent at first, ______ soon she joined the other girls, chatting and laughing. A. so B. but C. or D. yet 6. Neither Kate nor her cousin ____ to Russia, but ____ of them have known the country very well. A. have been; neither B. have gone; either C. has been; both D. has gone; both 7. There is only one position, The boss has to choose ______ Jim ______ Bruce to be the manager. A. not only; but also B. both; and C.either; or D. neither; nor 8. —What’s the weather like in Kunming, Lucy? —It’s ______ hot ______ cold. So Kunming is called “the Spring City”. A. neither; nor B. not only; but also C. either; or D. both; and 9. —Chinese government sent two pandas, Ruyi and Dingding, to Russia several days ago. —The relationship ______ China ______ Russia will be closer than before, I think. A. both; and B. not only; but also C. either; or D. between; and 10. — ______ Mr. Smith ______ his wife were badly hurt in the traffic accident. —I’m sorry to hear that. We need to drive more carefully on foggy days. A. Either; or B. Neither; nor C. Not only; but also D. Both; and 9A Unit1--Consolidation List of the Knowledge create (v.) 创造 → → → (adj.) (n.) (n.) 有创造力的 创造者 创造力 organize (v.) 组织 → → → (adj.) (n.) (n.) 有条理的 组织者 组织 suit (v.) 适合 → (adj.) 合适的 fix (v.) 固定 → (adj.) 固定的 challenge (v./n.) 挑战 → (adj.) 有挑战性的 energy (n.) 能量 → (adj.) 有活力的 power (n.) 力量 → (adj.) 有力量的 practice (n.) 实践 → (adj.) 踏实的 will (n.) 意愿 → (adj.) 乐意的 modest (adj.) 谦虚的 → (n.) 谦虚 curious (adj.) 好奇的 → (n.) 好奇 loyal (adj.) 忠诚的 → (n.) 忠诚/忠心 patient impatient (adj.) (adj.) 有耐性的 不耐烦的 → → (n.) (n.) 耐心 不耐烦 confident (adj.) 自信的 → (n.) 信心 lively (adj.) 活泼的 → (n.) 活泼 care (n.) 关心 → → → (adj.) (adj.) (n.) 细心的 粗心的 粗心 clever (adj.) 聪明的 → (n.) 聪明 wise (adj.) 明智的 → (n.) 智慧 impress (v.) 给…留下印象 → (n.) 印象 connect (v.) 连接 → (n.) 连接 devote (v.) 把……贡献 → (n.) 献身 lead (v.) 带领 → (n.) 领导 think (v.) 思考 → (n.) 思想 appear (v.) 出现 → (v.) (n.) 消失 出现/外表 agree (v.) 同意 → (n.) 同意/协议 speak (v.) 说 → (n.) 演讲 behave (v.) 表现 → (n.) 行为举止 Practice makes perfect!巩固练习 1.—It is said that Siyang Railway Station was in use December 10,2014. —What exciting news! I believe the public transport system of Siyang will be much better. A. on; an B. on; / C. in; an D. in; / 2.What colour do you think you feel calm? A.making B. makes C. to make D. make 3.His uncle would rather the old bike than a new one. A.repair; to buy B. to repair; buy C. repair; buy D. to repair; to buy 4.I’m tired because I have had a good rest. A.a little B. a bit of C. not a little D. not a bit 5.--Betty, do you know if Tony the photo competition? --He will, I think, if he his project on Australia. A.enters; finishes B. enters; will finish C. will enter; finishes D. will enter; will finish 6.The boy is often heard in the music room. He is good at singing. A.practice singing B. practicing singing C. to practice singing D. to practice to sing 7.He hardly worries about his English, ? A.doesn’t he B. does he C. is he D. isn’t he 8.This piece of music is worth . A.to listen B. to listen to C. listening D. listening to 9.I often doubt David is willing to help those homeless people. A.whether B. that C. when D. how 10.When I am playing basketball，there are always lots of girls_________ A. watch me B．watch l C. watching me D. watching I 11. The oils she different colours and smells. A. used has B. is used to has C. used had D. used to have 12. —How is your May Day holiday, John? —Not bad. You seem so happy. Could you tell me ________？ A. what place you have been to B. if you visit your grandparents C. who did you spend the holiday with D. that you watched a football match 13. —Will you please tell me ________ to do with the matter? —Sorry. I really don't know ________ to deal with it. A. how; how B. what; what C. how; what　 D. what; how 14.The boy is ________ see the teacher because he ________ a mistake A．afraid of; has B．afraid to; has made C. afraid to; make D．afraid of; made 15.--Many people think that people born under the same star sign always share the same personalities. -- . Some are a just coincidence(巧合) and others are the only similar. A.Yes, I agree with you B. That’s not the case C.Exactly D. Not at all 二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词 1．Daniel is clever, but he never shows off. He is m . 2．You can’t afford a (失误) while doing this experiment(实验). 3．The story (it)is very interesting in this film． 4．They said she is (suit) for the job as an accountant. 5．As a doctor, ( careful) will be a disaster to patients. 6．Jim’s father is a (总的) manager in a big computer company. 7．The young man is trying to be a (先锋) in the field of high technology. 8．The product of this company has reached the international (标准), so it sells well 。 9．It’s a tradition for a Chinese family to buy a new (挂历) when the new year is drawing near. 10．When the star (出现) on the stage, the fans all screamed excitedly. 三、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．He gets angry easily. We often tell him not to be so (patient). 2．He has the ability to be an excellent (lead). 3．Big companies all hope to hire (create) staff. 4．He can do it without (difficult). 5．—My cousin said he (prefer) reading a book to playing computer games.—He is such a good boy. 6．He gets angry easily. We often tell him not to speak to us (patient). 7．My parents told me to pay attention to (write) such type of the composition. 8．I think this book will be of great help to us. It offers a lot of (practice) advice 9．There were some bad (miss) in his work this time. 10．Li Ming and his parents go to see his grandparents at a (fix) date every month.. 11．He never gave up (learn) English .That was why he was successful at last. 12．The doctor has devoted most of his time to （look）after the patients. 13．Jack used to be a bright and (live) boy, but now he is always silent. 14．The student’s (care) made him lose lots of marks in the Maths exam. 15．Everyone should pay attention to (speak) politely on QQ. 16．It is exciting for me to (recommend) as the monitor. 17．He is always afraid to make a (speak) in front of many people. 18．My cousin is a （practice）boy. He always pays attention to details. 19．He is one of the （energy）persons that I have seen in the school. 20．We should try our best to make our country （power）than before. 四、完成句子 1．What he said was not practical. So I didn't （同意）him. 2．I don't think paying children to （做额外的工作）around the house is useful. ? 3．We all thought him （合适的人）for the job. 4．Personality is the key. The man of strong personality （不惧怕）any difficulties. 5．He thinks he can do the work well. He （对……有信心）himself. 五、句型转换 同义句转换（每空一词） 6．My sister doesn't like to watch the football match on TV. My parents also don't like to watch the football match on TV. my parents my sister to watch the football match on TV. 7．I'm well-organized and I always keep everything in my room tidy. I'm well-organized and I always keep everything in my room . 8．After hearing what he said，a good idea came to my mind. After hearing what he said，I a good idea. 9．The boy was made to clean up his room by his father. The boy's father made the boy his room. 10．This answer is not correct and that answer is not correct，either. of the answers is correct. Unit 1 Know yourself【刷题型】(题型组合提升练) 一、完形填空 （2023·新疆·统考三模）根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个正确答案。 Everyone has only one life, all of us want to do something 1 to prove the value of life. But sometimes that really needs more courage（勇气）. You have probably never heard of Fan Jinshi. She is a very great woman I admire a lot. She is a thin woman from the south of China. She is always 2 in historical culture and ancient art. In 1963, she 3 from Peking University. She could find a good job in a big city or teach in her university. However, she 4 all the good conditions and made a brave 5 to work in Dunhuang, Gansu Province. It was very dry and short of water there. 6 it was always windy and sandy all year round. And she couldn’t 7 delicious food or wear nice clothes. She just did one thing that she must fight against the terrible environment there every day. But she didn’t care. She stuck to 8 in the desert place and made an effort to contribute（奉献）her youth. What a strong fighter she is! I will never forget 9 she said, “I love my work and I also love every area of my motherland forever.” Just as Romain Rolland, a famous French writer said, “ 10 is that you still love your life after seeing the truth clearly.” 1．A．funny B．beautiful C．awful D．meaningful 2．A．tired B．bored C．interested D．surprised 3．A．learned B．graduated C．taught D．studied 4．A．made up B．gave up C．took up D．put up 5．A．decision B．thought C．try D．action 6．A．However B．Suddenly C．Besides D．Luckily 7．A．enjoy B．produce C．invent D．sell 8．A．travelling B．working C．producing D．teaching 9．A．where B．when C．how D．what 10．A．Confidence B．Love C．Courage D．Success （2023·山东枣庄·统考三模）Mr. Zhang was a cook in Canada. He 11 in Guangzhou, and he learned to cook in Hong Kong. He moved to Canada for work when he was 26 years old. Everything was good till COVID-19 (新冠病毒) broke out. Last year he returned to China because the economy (经济) in Canada began to 12 down. “I’m 50 now and I worry about my future there,” said Mr. Zhang. So he gave up his job and returned to China in September, 2021 and set up his own 13 named Hong Kong Restaurant in Guangzhou. Mr. Zhang loves 14 and his restaurant offers everyone a taste of Hong Kong. When he was preparing for his restaurant, his friend who is the leader of a nursing home (疗养院) asked him if he would like to provide food 15 patients aged above 60 there. Mr. Zhang thought it was a good idea. “It is my pleasure to do this social work by 16 a government program” He uses his free time in the morning to prepare special 17 for these old people. He has to be careful because the food must be 18 . The old patients enjoy the food 19 . Mr. Zhang said, “The local government offers many preferential policies (优惠政策) for people from abroad and I want to hold the 20 .” Doing such kind of work has brought Mr. Zhang a lot of happiness. 11．A．woke up B．grew up C．brought up D．set up 12．A．slow B．take C．shut D．throw 13．A．office B．restaurant C．factory D．shop 14．A．cooking B．eating C．drinking D．painting 15．A．on B．in C．for D．with 16．A．giving B．taking C．joining D．starting 17．A．bowls B．chairs C．meat D．meals 18．A．beautiful B．possible C．comfortable D．healthy 19．A．kindly B．sadly C．happily D．hurriedly 20．A．chance B．activity C．advice D．people （2023·广东惠州·统考一模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Marge Moore is a school bus driver. She has worked for the public schools in Virginia Beach for 50 years, and she still 21 the job! Moore wants to be a good example for students. So she 22 the bus. She cleans the inside carefully every day. On the weekend, she washes the outside of it. When it is very cold, parts on the bus can freeze. On the cold mornings, she uses her 23 to warm up the frozen parts. Moore usually gets up early to warm up the bus so that she can pick up the students to school 24 . Moore still gets 25 to drive the school bus. She doesn’t have one day off, even though she is ill. She has never taken a vacation either. Last week, the school gave a 26 for her hard work. Moore has been a bus driver for so long that she has seen many of her students grow up. Some have kids of their own. Now Moore has driven those kids to school, too! That is 27 for her. 28 , kids learned from home because of the virus in 2022. Students didn’t need to take the bus. So Moore used the bus to 29 food to families in her community. Moore is not sure when she will stop driving a bus. If she keeps feeling 30 , she will keep driving. 21．A．hates B．loves C．wants D．needs 22．A．takes good care ofB．keeps in touch withC．falls in love with D．gets along well with 23．A．key B．phone C．hairdryer D．mirror 24．A．in time B．on time C．all the time D．at times 25．A．confused B．worried C．puzzled D．excited 26．A．pocket B．prize C．meeting D．cotton 27．A．meaningful B．beautiful C．careful D．helpful 28．A．Happily B．Quickly C．Slowly D．Unluckily 29．A．eat B．bring C．make D．buy 30．A．good B．painful C．curious D．calm 二、阅读单选 （2022·湖北黄石·黄石市有色中学校考模拟预测）Watson entered Mr. Smith’s office. The boss was a hard man. He fired people who didn’t do well without giving them a second chance. “Watson,” said Mr. Smith, “this past year your department hasn’t earned money. We’re going to drop that department. It’s finished. I’m sorry, ________.’’ “But, sir—if I just had a little more time. For the moment I need the job to keep my son at Riverside School.” “What’s that!” said the boss. “Riverside! I didn’t know you had a boy there. That’s an expensive school for a man with your salary(薪水).” “I know, sir. But he likes it there so much! He’s a star athlete and the best boxer in the school. The boys call him Champ (冠军) there.” The boss sat seriously still for a long time—a faraway (恍惚的) look in his eyes. Then, suddenly, he said, “We’ve got to close your department, Watson. But you’ll take over a new job in another department. It means longer hours—maybe more pay. Now get out. You’re here for life.” Watson got out, with surprise on his face. Then the boss took a letter from the top drawer of his desk. It was Herbie’s last letter from Riverside School—written a few days before he died. He had read it over and over again with sick pain. The letter read: I can’t say the boys here are any nicer to me than the others were. I guess it’s the same everywhere when you’re a cripple (跛脚的人). But don’t worry about me, Dad. And there’s one boy here who is really great. He’s a track star and boxing champ and just tops in chemistry. The boys call him Champ. He made them stop throwing my books around. And he knocked a boy down who hit me. He is the best friend I ever had. Dad, I am so grateful to him, when I grow up, I want to do something for Champ. Something big—that he won’t even know about. Your son, Herbie 31．Which of the following could be best put in the blank “________” in Paragraph 2? A．but you will have to go now B．but it is so bad for you to do it again C．but you have done all your work well D．but you have entered a better department 32．Watson was surprised when he got out of Mr. Smiths office because ________. A．the boss closed his department B．he could work in another department C．he had got more money from Mr. Smith D．he knew his son wrote a letter to Mr. Smith 33．Who’s Herbie? A．The boss. B．The boss’s son. C．Walson’s son. D．Walson’s workmate. 34．It can be inferred from the letter that ________. A．the boys in the school were very nice to Herbie B．Herbie did something for Champ when he grew up C．Champ made a boy knock Herbie down and hit him D．Champ was both an excellent athlete and a top student 35．What is the best title for the passage? A．My Best Friend Champ B．Call Him Champ There C．Do Something Big for Champ D．Drop Your Department （2023·山东东营·校联考二模）It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly, my mother will push the conversation into World War 3. She’ll talk about my not very bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor, and much to her disappointment, I don’t want to do any job related to science, either. In fact when I was pushed to say that I planned to major（主修）in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack. "Why can't you be like my co-worker’s（同事）son?" she bemoans all the time.” Her co-worker's son received a four-year scholarship（奖学金）and is now making 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to answer except that I just can’t be like Mr. Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him. I am the type of the person who loves to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve a career because I love it, not because of honor or money. I understand why my mother is worried about my future major. I’ve seen my mother struggle to raise me on her little money and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am. She usually comes home around 5 pm or even 6 pm. However, I want her to know that if I become a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 36．Which of the following topics do the writer and his mother often talk about? A．The writer's further job.B．The writer's studies.C．Wars around the world. D．Dinner plans. 37．We can infer from Paragraph 1 that the writer’s mother ________. A．gets along very well with the writer B．doesn’t want the writer to major in English C．doesn’t think working in the scientific field is a good idea D．doesn’t think the writer should be a doctor 38．The underlined word “bemoans", in Paragraph 2 most probably means “________”. A．安慰 B．称赞 C．抱怨 D．大喊 39．Which of the following statements is probably TRUE about the writer? A．He doesn’t think his mother's co-worker's son is perfect. B．He wants to be like his mother's co-worker's son. C．He wants to find a job in his community in the future. D．He wants to do something he really likes in the future. 40．We can know from the last paragraph that ________. A．the writer's mother works very hard for the family B．the writer doesn’t know what his future will be like C．the writer doesn’t think being a doctor is a good job D．the writer sometimes thinks his mother’s advice is very good （2023·北京·模拟预测） Visit a middle or large size of company these days, and you’re likely to find the staff (全体职工) members sharing a large, open space. Instead of having personal offices with doors and walls, most workers sit in cubicles that are half open. Whenever workers talk on the phone, other members of staff nearby can’t simply shut their doors. In fact, sometimes they can’t help but overhear everything that’s said. At times, the best way to focus in this type of office is to reach for one’s headphones and listen to music. The open office idea is not new. It was created by a team of consultants (顾问) from Hamburg, Germany, in the 1950s. Called the office landscape (景观) plan, the idea was created to improve communication and the exchange of ideas. The design also encouraged managers and their teams to work near each other, making it easier for managers to guide projects. Now, the open office idea is often used as an excuse for companies to save money on building costs, paying no attention to the effect on working performance. Many start-ups have a great interest in the open office idea. Take Chartbeat for example, the company’s 50-plus staff members get to choose their desk and chair styles, and everyone shares an open space with the CEO sitting in the middle. The office space has both single workstations and informal meeting areas where workers can relax themselves on sofas. While this design may be perfect for workers in start-ups, it may not be convenient for workers who have a great need of personal space. In 2011 Matthew Davis, an organizational psychologist (心理学家), checked over a hundred studies about office environments. He found that, to staff in open offices, it was harder to stay focused and more likely to get higher stress than those working in traditional offices. What’s worse, a study in Denmark found that workers in open offices took more sick days than those working in traditional offices. Even though open office plans present hidden problems on worker health and personal needs, businesses probably won’t return to traditional offices. Modern office workers tend (倾向) to need both time to focus and time to work together with others. So designing offices that account for both needs may be the best way forward. 41．What is mainly discussed about the open office in paragraph 1? A．The benefit. B．The problem. C．The history. D．The management. 42．What was the purpose of the office landscape plan at the beginning? A．To save space. B．To reduce cost. C．To improve working conditions. D．To encourage communication. 43．What does the underlined phrase “account for” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Include. B．Record. C．Forget. D．Translate. 44．What can we learn from the passage? A．Working in open offices can reduce higher stress. B．The writer suggests working in traditional offices. C．Staff members like wearing headphones to listen to music in the open offices. D．The open offices are good for managers to guide projects and work with the staff. 三、短文首字母填空 As we celebrate the Year of the Sheep, some of you may have heard some superstitions (迷信) about this animal sign. It is s 45 that people born in the Year of the Sheep have a difficult life. That’s probably b 46 sheep are gentle and kind. Therefore, many Chinese people would try to a 47 getting married or giving birth during the Year of the Sheep. But is this all really true? Of course, it doesn’t make sense according to Wang Juan, a folklore expert. In ancient China, “yang” was connected to good l 48 and happiness. In the book Shuowenjiezi—the first Chinese dictionary to e 49 characters—the writer Xu Shen from Eastern Han Dynasty said that “yang” meant “xiang”. And now many Chinese characters with “yang” also mean s 50 good, for example, “xian” and “mei”. Today many f 51 people who were born in the Year of the Sheep live very good l 52 , including the US Microsoft founder Bill Gates, Chinese Prime Minister Li Keqiang and the singer Gem Tang from Hong Kong. What kind of life you will have d 53 on many things, including how hard you study now and the career you want when you grow up. In fact, animal signs are of little i 54 . The really important thing for you is to develop a good personality along with your own skills. （2022秋·九年级课时练习）首字母填空 It’s necessary to discover what you are good at or not and what you like or dislike. Many students would be unhappy if they f 55 in a very difficult physics course, but in fact they have known a lot about t 56 . They realize that they should not become engineers or physical s 57 in the future. So failing can help a student to live a happier life if he or she draws something out of it. They may then decide on their aims and c 58 the kind of work that they would be fit for and they would like to do. You can’t be sure whether you like something u 59 you have tried it. If you decide that you would like to play the violin, you need to take more music classes b 60 you know if you are really interested in it. It is not e 61 to hope to be a violinist. You also have to stand(忍受) the hard practice before you become one. If you would enjoy being a great violinist, but hate the hard and b 62 work, just give it up. It’s a good plan to try as m 63 ideas as possible when you are still young. And then you will be able to find o 64 what your true interests are. 9A Unit2—Colors（1） Teaching Targets（教学目标） 1. 学生能够掌握本单元单词用法 Teaching Key Points & Special difficulties（教学重点、难点） 1. 单词在习题中的应用 2. 词形变化 List of the Knowledge 【Vocabulary（New words） and Expressions（Phrases）】生词、词组和短语 1. There is nothing/ something wrong with sth. /sb. …没有/有毛病 wrong 是形容词，修饰不定代词nothing/ something。形容词修饰不定代词时，放在不定代词之后。 2. Sth. look(s) + adj. + on sb. 某物穿在某人身上看上去… Sb. look(s) + adj. + in sth. 某人穿某物看上去… wear, put on, have on和dress的区别 ★wear用作动词,意为“穿着”“佩戴着”“戴着”,强调穿着的状态,可与现在进行时连用。 ★put on表示“穿上”“戴上”的意思，强调穿的动作。反义词：take off ★have on表示“穿着”，与wear意义相同，也表示一种状态，但通常不用于进行时态。如： ① She had on a red coat. 他穿着红衣服。 ② She always has her red shoes on. 她总是穿着她那双红鞋。 ★dress用作及物动词时，含义为put clothes on, 也强调“穿”的动作，意为“穿衣服”。其宾语应是“人”而不是“衣服”，dress oneself意为“自己穿衣服”。 　【注】be dressed in意为“穿着”，表示一种状态，后接表示颜色的词。 3. mood n. 心情，情绪 in a good/bad mood 心情好/不好 4. influence vt. 影响 = affect（n. effect） n. 影响；有影响力的人或物 have an influence on sb./ sth. 对…有影响 5. calm adj. 平静的，沉着的 be/ keep calm 保持平静 v. 使…冷静下来 calm down n. 平静，镇静 6. relaxed adj. 放松的； relax v. 7. peace n. 安宁；和平；和睦 peaceful adj. peacefully adv. 8. sadness n. 悲哀，忧伤 sad adj. sadly adv. -ness 是名词后缀，通常用于形容词，将其转化为抽象名词，表示性质、状态、程度等。 如：goodness, kindness, illness, friendliness, carefulness, happiness 9. purity n. 纯洁 pure adj. 纯洁的 10. prefer vt. 宁愿选择，更喜欢 preferred prefer (doing) sth. prefer (not) to do sth. prefer A to B prefer doing A to doing B=prefer to do A rather than do B=would rather do A than do B 宁愿做A而不做B 11. create v. 创造 creation n. creative adj. creator n. 12. cheer up 使振作起来， up 是副词，当宾语为人称代词是，应放在中间 cheer sb. up\ 13. remind v. 提醒；使…想起 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起 remind sb. (not) to do sth. 提醒某人（不要）做某事 remind sb. that… 14. require v. 需要，要求 requirement n. require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 require doing = require to be done 要求被做（用法同need） 15. difficulty n. 困难 difficult adj 做某事有困难（3种）__________ __________ __________ difficulty是名词，复数是difficulties，意思是“困难”“难点”“难事”。difficulty作“费力”“艰难”讲时，是不可数名词，作“难事”“困难”“难点”讲时是可数名词。 16. decision n. 决定 decide v. 决定做某事（3种）__________ __________ __________ 17. certainly = of course 当然可以 否定：Certainly not. = Of course not. 18. everyday/ every day/ daily的区别 词条 含义 用法 daily adj. 每天的 特指每天发生一次的，也可指按日计算的，只作定语 everyday adj. 每天的；日常的 指日常发生的，无须特别关心的，只作定语 every day 时间副词短语，每天 在句中作状语 19. suit sb. = be suitable for sb. 适合某人 20. celebration n. 庆祝；庆祝活动 celebrate v. in celebration of 为了庆祝… 21. discover v. 发现，发觉 discovery n. 发现 discover指发现原已存在但尚未被人知道或看到的东西 invent指发明目前不存在的东西 22. promise v. 承诺，允诺 许诺（某人）做某事____________________ promise sb + 从句 n. 诺言，承诺 keep one’s promise 信守某人的承诺 break one's promise 违背某人的承诺 23. practise v. 从事，执业；练习，实践 practice n. 练习，实践 练习做某事__________ 24. suggest vt. suggestion n [c] 建议做某事（2种）____________________ suggest that… advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 25. would rather 宁愿，更喜欢 would rather (not) do sth. 宁愿（不）做某事 would rather do A. than do B. 宁愿做A也不愿做B（三者之间替换） 26. trust v. 相信；信任 trust sb. 相信某人 n. 信任 have/ put/ place trust in sth./sb 相信某人或某物 27. match n. [c] 相配，匹配 A and B are a good match. v. 相配，和…相配 match A with B 28. balance v. 使…平衡 n. 平衡 keep/ lose the balance achieve/ get a balance between A and B 29. sleepy\asleep\sleeping\sleep ★asleep是形容词，表示一种状态，在句子中都可作表语，一般不能放在被修饰名词前作定语，意为“睡着的，入睡的”。 搭配：fall asleep 入睡 ★sleepy用作形容词，意为“欲睡的”“困乏的”，在句子中可作定语，修饰名词。 搭配：feel sleepy 感到困倦 ★sleep是动词或名词，意思是“睡觉”。 【注】动名词sleeping可用作定语。如：sleeping bags 睡袋 ★get to sleep / go to sleep意为“睡着”“入睡”。 ★in a sound / deep / beautiful sleep意为“睡得正熟（香）”。 【Key structures】 句型赏析 1. I think colours influence our everyday lives in many ways. Everyday形容词，意为“日常的”，只作定语。 These are her everyday clothes. Most of them are red. 辨析：everyday与every day everyday 形容词 仅用于名词前，在句子中做定语 every day 副词短语 在句中作时间状语 The Internet has become a part of everyday life. We should take exercise every day. 2. Most people think light colours are better than dark ones. Light此处用作形容词，意为“浅色的，淡色的”其反义词为dark“深色的” I prefer light colours to dark ones. 拓展light做形容词时，还可意为“轻的”其反义词为heavy“重的” light用作不可数名词，意为“光线” light用作可数名词，意为“灯” light（lit/lighted,lit/lighted）用作及物动词，意为“照明，照亮”。也可用作不及物动词，意为“点亮，亮起来” The candle lit in the room. It’s time to light up. 3.I notice light colours make rooms seem larger. （1）notice此处用作及物动词，意为“注意，注意到”，其后接名词、代词或that从句。 He didn’t notice me. I noticed he left early. 辨析：notice sb to do sth与notice sb doing sth 拓展 notice用作可数名词，意为“通知，布告，告示；公告牌，警示牌” There’re many notices in the newspaper. There is a notice saying “Keep off the grass” notice用作不可数名词，意为“注意，留意”，常构成take notice of,意为“注意” His speech brought him into public notice. （2）seem此处用作连系动词，意为“好像，仿佛，似乎”。常用于“seem+形容词/名词/动词不定式”结构 She seems happy. He seems a nice man. They seem to be students. They seem to know what they are doing. 拓展：seem的其他用法 seem like ……好像 It seemed like a disaster at that time. It seems+ that 从句可与seem to do/be sth. It seems that she is happy.=She seems to be happy. 4. True, but it depends on personal taste. Taste此处用作名词，意为“爱好，志趣” The colour and style is a matter of personal taste. 拓展：taste用作名词，还可意为“味觉，味道” Taste is one of the five senses. The meat has an unpleasant taste. taste用作及物动词，意为“尝，品尝” Taste this coffee and see if you like it. taste用作连系动词，意为“有。。。味道”后跟形容词做表语。 This kind of drink tastes sweet. 5. Is the sports bag made of cotton? Be made of意为“用。。。制成”，指从成品能看出原材料 The desk is made of wood. 拓展： be made from意为“用。。。制成”，指从成品不能看出原材料 The wine is made from grapes. be made in 意为“在某地制造” Don’t you know that the car is made in China? be made up of意为“由。。。组成，由。。。构成” The park is made up of a man-made lake and a hill. be made into意为“被制成。。。” His novel was made into a film. 6.Should I stay at home instead of going shopping with my classmates? instead of介词短语，意为“代替，而不是” We went there on foot instead of by bike. I like walking instead of running. 辨析instead of 与instead instead of 介词短语 代替，而不是 用于句中，其后跟名词，代词或动名词 instead 副词 代替；反而 通常用于句末，用于句首时，起连接上下句的作用，通常是上句还有否定的意义，然后用于引出下句并提出相反的情况 He will be on duty instead of me tomorrow. They didn’t go swimming. They went to play football. 7.You may wonder if/whether it represents anything else. （1）anything else意为“别的什么事”是不定代词anything+else结构，在肯定句中用something else. Do you want anything else Let’s talk about something else. （2）else副词，意为“别的，其他的”，常放在不定代词或疑问词的后面。 I can see nobody else in the room. Where else have you ever been? 拓展：else所有格的形式是else’. This is somebody else’s book 8. Did the rulers in ancient Europe like to wear purple? Europe专有名词，意为“欧洲”。European 可用作形容词，意为“欧洲的”也可用作可数名词“欧洲人”“一个欧洲人”用a European I plan to travel around Europe. Trance is a European country. A number of Europeans like to eat Indian food. 9.price: 100yuan for half an hour. Price用作可数名词，意为“价格，价钱”。Price做主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。谈论价格的高低用high 或Low,谈论东西的贵贱用expensive或cheap.询问价钱时，不用how much与price 的搭配，而要用 What’s the price of…….? The price of wheat is high now. What’s the price of apples? 10.We promise that this therapy can help you change your moods, or you will get your money back! Promise此处用作及物动词，意为“承诺，允诺，答应”，后接名词代词。动词不定式或从句做宾语。 I promise you. The old man promised to give the money to his son. He promised that he would help me. 拓展： promise用作不及物动词，意为“允诺，做出保证” I’ll try to come, but I can’t promise. promise还可用作可数名词，意为“允诺；诺言” Make a promise做出承诺 Keep/break one’s promise 履行/违背诺言 11.She has practised colour therapy since she left college. （1）practise用作及物动词，意为“从事，执业” His friend hasn’t practiced medicine for a long time. 注意：在美式英语中，practice既是动词也是名词。在英式 英语中practise是动词，practice是名词。 拓展practise用作及物动词，还可意为“练习，训练”，后面可跟名词、代词或动名词做宾语。 I practice English every morning. His son practices playing the piano every day. practise用作不及物动词，意为“练习，实践” She practiced hard for the coming match. practise用作不可数名词，意为“实践，练习”. They need a lot of practice. （2）since此处用作连词，引导时间状语从句，也可做介词，意为“从。。。来，自。。。之后”，可以和表示过去某一时刻的词（短语）连用。Since后不管跟词（短语）还是句子，都是表示时间点。 I haven’t seen him since I left that factory. He has worked in this factory since five years ago. 拓展 for做介词，可以和表示一段时间的词或短语连用。 The Greens has lived in the city for ten years. ago 做副词，用于一段时间后。 Two days ago. （3）leave（left，left）此处用作及物动词，意为“离开”，也可用作不及物动词。但要注意： leave是终止形动词，在与since或for等引导的表示一段时间的状语连用时，要用be away 来表示离开的状态。 He left his hometown on a cold winter morning. My father has been away from his company for two years . 拓展：leave 用作及物动词，还可意为“忘了带；丢下” The boy left his homework at home. 12. She suggests different clothes to different people. Suggest用作及物动词，意为“建议”，后面跟名词、代词或动名词做宾语，不能跟动词不定式。 My friend suggested going on a trip. She suggested putting off the meeting. 拓展： suggest后不能跟双宾语，但可以用to 引出，即suggest sth to sb. John first suggested this idea to me. suggestion是suggest 的名词形式，是可数名词，意为“建议”。意思同advice,但advice是不可数名词。 Thank you for your suggestions/advice. 13.I’d rather wear orange. Would rather 意为“宁愿；更喜欢”后接动词原形。Would rather。。。。。。than…..意为“宁愿...也不愿...” He would rather keep time for his hobbies. She would rather help her father on the farm than play the piano. 注意：Would rather。。。。。。than…..句型可以和prefer….to….互换。 I would rather stay at home than go shopping with him. =I prefer stay at home to going shopping with him. 14. In many places, baby boys are dressed in blue and baby girls in pink. Dress用作及物动词，意为“（给。。。。）穿衣服”，dress后面的宾语通常是人，不是衣服。当表示自己穿衣服时，则用反身代词。 The boy is too young to dress himself. She dressed the children in their best clothes. 拓展：be dressed in “穿。。。。的衣服”，其后接表示衣服或颜色的名词。 He is often dressed in blue. dress up （as）意为“盛装打扮（成）。。。。。。” The boys all dresses up as soldiers. dress用作可数名词，意为“连衣裙” I want to buy a white dress. 15.Maybe she feels weak, and that is why she is wearing red---she just want to make herself look more powerful. Maybe 副词，意为“或许，也许”，相当于perhaps，表示有比较大的可能性，口语中使用较多，含有推测意味。 Maybe he has finished his homework. 拓展：maybe 与may be有时可以相互转换。 Maybe it’s his hat = It may be his hat. 辨析：Maybe 与may be Maybe 副词，意为“也许，可能” 通常用于句首，做状语 may be “情态动词may+be”意为“可能是” 谓语句中，做谓语 Maybe you can go with him. Nick may be playing basketball. 16.I think the women must feel a little bit dressed, and she hopes these colours will change that. a little bit意为“稍微，有点”相当于a bit ,可用于修饰形容词或副词的原级或比较级，但不能用于修饰名词。 I get a little bit tired. This box is a little bit heavier than that one. 拓展 a little意为“一点”，可修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰形容词或副词以及其比较级。、It is a little colder today than yesterday. Why not put on more clothes? a bit 意为“一点”，修饰形容词，副词或其比较级。 After the work, I felt a bit tired. a bit of 意为“一点”，后跟不可数名词，相当于a little. Can you give me a bit of advice? 17.Red and white are a good match, as the powerful red balances the calm white. Match此处用作可数名词，意为“相配，般配” This chair is a good match for that one. 拓展： match用作及物动词，意为“与。。。相配”。也可用作不及物动词，意为“匹配，搭配” match此处用作可数名词，意为“火柴” match此处用作可数名词，意为“比赛”。可构成短语watch a match“观看比赛”have a match“进行比赛” 18.People living in cold areas prefer warm colours in their homes to create a warm and comfortable feeling.(P23) 生活在寒冷地区的人们喜欢用暖色为他们的家创造一种温暖舒适的感觉。 1.living in cold areas在句中作定语，修饰名词。living是现在分词做后置定语。 2.prefer，动词，意为“更喜欢”。 (1)prefer+名词/动名词+to+名词/动名词，意为“与…相比更喜欢…” I much prefer jazz to rock music. 我喜欢爵士乐远胜过摇滚乐。 I prefer walking to climbing. 我喜欢散步多于喜欢爬山。 (2)prefer to do sth./prefer doing sth.，意为“更喜欢…” I prefer reading non-fiction. 我喜欢看纪实作品。 I prefer to think of peace not war. 我更喜欢思考和平而不是战争。 (3)prefer to do ...rather than do...，意为“宁愿做…而不是做……” I prefer to do English homework first rather than do maths homework. 我宁愿先做英语作业，然后再做数学作业。 [拓展]would rather do sth. than do sth.宁愿...而不愿；与其…不如 I would rather sleep than watch this movie. 我情愿睡觉也不看这部电影。 19.Yellow is the colour of the sun，so it can remind you of a warm sunny day.(P23) 黄色是太阳的颜色，因此它能使你想起温暖、阳光明媚的一天。 remind，及物动词，意为“提醒；使想起” (1)remind sb of sb/sth使某人想起某人/某物; You remind me of your father when you say that. 你说这样的话，使我想起了你的父亲。 (2)remind sb to do sth提醒某人去做某事。 Can you remind me to buy a bottle of wine? 你能提醒我买一瓶葡萄酒吗？ (3)remind sb that... 提醒某人…… The photos remind us that we all appreciate beauty. 这些照片提醒我们，我们都欣赏美丽。 20.If you require strength in either body or mind,red may be of some help to you.(P23)如果你的身体或大脑需要力量，红色或许可以给你一些帮助。 1.require ，及物动词，意为“需要，要求”。 (1)require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事; The job will require you to use all your skills to the maximum. 这项工作将要求你最大限度地发挥你的技能。 (2)require that sb (should) do sth 要求某人做某事 The situation required that he be present. 这种情形需要他在场。 The situation required that he should be present. 这种情形需要他在场。 (3)require doing/ require to be done 需要被做 Practice makes perfect!随堂练习 一．根据提示拼写单词 1. We have difficulty _________(climb) to the top of the mountain 2. He can't help crying because of ____________(sad). 3. The teacher _________ (advice) us to watch more English movies. 4. The speech was so boring that almost everyone felt __________ (sleep). 5. Listening to light music makes us feel ____________ ( relax) . 6. It's a good idea _____________(have) a picnic tomorrow. 7. Daniel prefers playing football to _______________ (watch) TV. 8. She would rather _____________(wear) red than blue. 9. The sun gives us not only light but also ______________ (热). 10. Which TV set should I choose? It's hard for me to make a____________(决定). 二．用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. _________________ (create) a romantic feeling, I put some flowers on the table. 2. I ________________ (promise) to help Daniel with his homework already. 3. If the medicine ___________ (not work) tomorrow, you can get your money back. 4. David is active and he will ________________ (certain) take part in the activity. 5. It’s difficult for them to make _______________ (decide) now. 6. Mrs Rainbow _______________ (practise) colour therapy since she left college. 7. A lot of people think that the best color to represent ______________(sad) is blue. 8. We all pay attention to __________________ (discover) how interesting English is. 9. Sandy seems both excited and tired, and it’s hard to describe her______________ (feel). 10. All the students _______________ (require) to wear school uniforms every day. 11. It is the sun that provides us with warmth and ______________ (hot). 12. What difficulty do you have ______________(make) a choice? Homework 一、单选题(共30分) 1．(本题1分)The computer requires ________. I think I need ________ to ask Mr Zhang for help. A．fixing; to go B．to fix; to go C．fixing; going D．to fix; going 2．(本题1分)Mike reading playing computer games. A．prefers; than B．prefers; to C．would rather; than D．would rather; to 3．(本题1分) My father doesn’t like shopping much. He would rather______ TV at home than ______ around for hours in shops. A．watch; walk B．watch; to walk C．to watch; to walk D．to watch; walk 4．(本题1分)On the map,________represents water. A．yellow B．red C．indigo D．blue 5．(本题1分)I thought her car broke down. Look ________！ She is driving it away. A．Nothing's wrong B．Something's wrong C．Anything's wrong D．Everything's wrong 6．(本题1分)—Lily is sad because she didn’t pass the examination.—Let’s . A．cheer up her B．cheer her up C．cheer for her D．cheer her for 7．(本题1分)Write it in your notebook，_______ you will forget it. A．and B．but C．so D．or 8．(本题1分)All the students had gone out.There was in the classroom. A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everybody 9．(本题1分)Your son is old enough to______himself.Don’t always do everything for him. A．wear B．dress C．put on D．have on 10．(本题1分)I will choose _______ black _______ blue. I like yellow best. A．either；or B．neither；nor C．both；and D．not only；but also 11．(本题1分)—Are you going to do some shopping this afternoon? —____________. A．I'm right B．Wish you good luck C．Thank you very much D．It all depends 12．(本题1分)What colour do you think_________you feel calm? A．making B．makes C．to make D．make 13．(本题1分)Her ________ was blue because her father was seriously ill. A．characteristic B．purity C．strength D．mood 14．(本题1分)There is nothing wrong with your mobile phone, _____? A．isn't there B．aren't there C．is there D．are there 15．(本题1分)Yellow represents _______. A．power and trust B．calm and sadness C．energy and nature D．wisdom and success 拔升练习 一、词汇运用 1.The ancient town wasn’t (发现) by people until 1900. 2.The government plans to ______________（创造）more jobs for young people . 3.She has a close ___________ (关系)with her twin sister. 4. Colour theraphy comes from __________（古代的）India. 5. ---Do you consider yourself a rude person? ---__________ (必定地；无疑地）not . I’m always polite. 6. Mary said she ___________ reading books to watching TV .(prefer) 7. The_______ (sad)on his face showed that he failed in the exam. 8. I like to listen to soft music because it always helps me______________(relax). 9. Listening to music can help us feel ________________(stress) 10.---How you find the film “Wolf Warriors II”? --- Wonderful , but I don’t think it’s ____________(suit) for all ages. . 二、单词拼写 1.The angrier he is, the ________（平静） he seems on the outside. 2. The powerful red can_________ [ˈbæləns] the colour of white. 3. We should learn to face all kinds of _______（困难）． 4. You should wear white if you are feeling ______________( [strest]). 5.We all know yellow is the colour of ___________(温暖). 6. “Strong” has the same meaning of p__________. 7. In __________ [ˈeɪnʃənt] China, Rulers have powers. 8. Do you know who ____________（发现） America? 9. The ___________（悲伤） on his face showed that he failed the exam. 10. Don’t be _______ (影响)by what she said. You should decide for yourself. 三、动词填空 1. He promises __________ (not play) computer games any more. 2. Are you still worried about _______________(not get) up early? 3. Tom had no difficulty ______________(answer ) the question. 4. The students didn’t understand this sentence until it ___________ (explain) again. 5. Tom said that he __________( visit) the Palace Museum soon. 6. Dongdong picked up the wallet ____________(lie) on the ground. 7. My son succeeded in_______ (pass) the final exam. 8. Which would you rather _____________（drink）, tea or coffee? 9. I prefer eating less __________(lose) weight. 10. I know this kind of flower requires _______________(water). 四、句型转换 1. I’d rather do my homework by myself than copy others’ when I was a student. I my homework by myself to _________ others’ when I was a student. 2. These books may be helpful to your study. (改为同义句) These books may be _________ ________ ________ ________ your study. 3. There is nothing serious with your son’s ears, so don’t worry about him. （改为同义句） __________ _________ _________ _________ your son’s ears, so don’t worry about him. 4. She has many dresses, so she doesn’t know which one she should choose. (改为同义句) She has many dresses, so she doesn’t know ________ ________ ________ _________. 5. Are you unhappy? (改为宾语从句) He asked me ________ _________ ___________ unhappy. 6. He likes oranges better than apples. (改为同义句) He _______ oranges _______ apples. 9A Unit2—Colors（2） Teaching Targets（教学目标） 1. 学生能判定什么是宾语从句 2. 学生能够选取合适的引导词 Teaching Key Points & Special difficulties（教学重点、难点） 1. that，if，whether以及疑问词的辨析 2. 在习题中的应用 List of the Knowledge 【Grammar and Notes】语法和注释 宾语从句 目的: 学习宾语从句的基本用法. 重点: 宾语从句的基本结构及用法. 难点: 宾语从句的三要素------引导词、语序和时态三方面 基本用法：在句中用作宾语的句子就叫宾语从句。 基本结构：是在主句与从句之间有一个引导词，其结构为: “主语+谓语动词+引导词+从句主语+从句谓语+其它”。 主句 宾语从句 宾语从句是指一个句子充当宾语，在主句与从句之间有一个引导词。它在句中可以充当及物动词、介词或形容词的宾语。即宾语从句的结构：主语+谓语动词+引导词+从句。 【一语击破】 A --that引导的宾语从句 1. 当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that 无词义，不作任何成分，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 Eg: She said (that) she would leave the book on his desk. 她说她会把那本书放在他的桌子上。 He says( that) he is a Young Pioneer. 他说他是个少先队员。 注意：不可以省略的情况 (1)从句的主语是that时，that不省略。如： We know that that is an interesting story. 我们知道那是一个有趣的故事。 He thought that that was a washing machine. 他认为那是一台洗衣机。 (2) that引导的宾语从句中若再有复合句时，that不能省略。如： I think that if you have lost the library book, you must pay for it． 我认为如果你已把图书馆的书丢失了，你就必须赔偿。 (3)主、从句之间有插入语时，that不能省略。如： It says here, in the newspaper, that English is getting more and more important. 报纸上写着，英语正变得越来越重要。 It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays. 卡片上写着，它过去是演戏用的 (4) and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如： He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。 2． 何时使用that引导的宾语从句 (1)主句的谓语动词是think，hear，hope，wish，remember，forget，know，say，guess等时，常接that引导的宾语从句。如： I hope( that) he will be fine soon.我希望他很快好起来。 (2)主句由“连系动词+形容词”构成的“系表”结构，常接that引导的宾语从句。这类形容词多表示感情，如happy，glad，pleased，sad，sure，afraid等等。如： I'm afraid( that) he can't come．恐怕他不能来了。 3． that引导的宾语从句相关的内容 (1)语序 不论什么情况下，宾语从句都要用陈述语序，即“主语+谓语+其它”。如： Do you think( that) the radio is too noisy?你认为收音机太吵吗？ (2)时态 that引导的宾语从句，主句用一般现在时，从句可以用符合句意要求的任一时态。如： He says( that) they have returned already. 他说他们已经回来了。 如果主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去时态的某种形式（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。如： He said( that) he bought a new dictionary.说他买了本新词典。 【友情提醒】 如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言、警句、格言、谚语等等，尽管主句用一般过去时，从句也要用一般现在时。如： He said that time is life．他说时间就是生命。 B --if和whether引导的宾语从句 1. 当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时，用if或whether来引导从句，意为“是否”。常放在动、词ask，see，say，know和find out等后面。一般情况下，两者常可换用，在口语中多用if。 Nobody knows whether( if)it will rain tomorrow. 没有人知道明天是否下雨。 2．if或whether引导宾语从句时，要注意三个方面，即连词、语序和时态。 (1)if或whether不能和that或其他连词（副词）同时使用，也不能省去。如： I don't know if(whether) he will come here today.我不知道他今天是否会来。 (2)if或whether引导的宾语从句时，虽具有疑问意义，但从句语序应用陈述句语序。 (3)if或whether引导的宾语从句应和主句的时态保持一致。即主句为一般现在时，从句用任一种时态；主句为一般过去时，从句则用过去时中的任一种时态。(主过从必过、主现从随便)如： I don't know if(whether) he has come here.我不知道他是否来过这儿。 3．if和whether的区别：（只能用whether的情况） (1)在动词不定式之前只能用whether。如： I can't decide whether to stay.我不能决定是否留下。 She doesn't know whether to go to the cinema or to watch TV at home. 她不知道是去看电影还是在家看电视。 (2)在whether… or not的固定搭配中。如： 1 want to know whether it's good news or not.我想知道是否是好消息。 I don't know whether or not he will come on time. 我不知道他能否按时来 (3)在介词后，只能用whether。如： His father is worried about whether he loses his work. 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。 I am interested in whether he joined the army. 我对他是否入伍很感兴趣。 (4)宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether。如： Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem. 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。 Whether this is true or not, I'm not sure. 这是否真实，我不敢肯定。 (5)用if会引起歧义时，只用whether。如： Could you tell me if you know the answer? 这句话有两种意思：“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗？”或“如果你知道答案，请告诉我，好吗？”。 如用whether可避免歧义。 C --宾语从句的否定转移 1、宾语从句的否定转移（属于难点） 当宾语从句表示否定意义时，如果主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect等词时，通常将否定转移到主句的谓语动词中。 I don’t believe he will come.我相信他不会来了。 I don’t think there is anything wrong with the radio.我认为这台收音机没有毛病。 注意： 1.当宾语从句的否定转移时，若主句的主语是第一人称，则该句的反意思疑问句由从句来决定。 I don’t think he is an honest boy, is he ?我认为他不是一个诚实的孩子，对吗？ 2.若主句的主语不是第一人称，则该句的反意疑问句由主句来决定。 You believe he will come here soon, don’t you ?你相信他很快就会来这儿，不是吗？ 3. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如： We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he? 我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？ 宾语从句语法课堂总结： 宾语从句：在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。 ① 语序：（主句＋）引导词+从句主语+从句谓语+... （从句用陈述语序） 从句永远都是陈述语序，疑问语序的事情交给主句就可以了，轮不到从句。 ② 引导词： 若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,引导词用that,在口语中that可以省略; 若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether; ③时态： 如果主句是现在的某种时态，那么宾语句的时态根据实际情况而定。 如果主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,但遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。如：I think I will do better in English this term. (我想本学期我的英语会学得好点。) The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round. (老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆的。) 经典例题分析 1【黑龙江省龙东地区中考】The policeman asked the little boy if ________ his home. A. he could find B. could he find C. he can find 2.【辽宁丹东】—I wonder ________. —Of course it is. A. that mooncakes are delicious B. whether June is a good time to visit Dandong C. when the band starts playing this evening D. if the bookstore opens today 3.【无锡市】—You promised that you ________ me to Disneyland, Dad. —Well, I did, dear. But we have to change the plan. A. will take B. would take C. has taken D. had taken 4.【四川攀枝花】We're not sure _____________there'll be_____________ or not tomorrow. A．if; rains B．if; rainy C．whether; rain D．whether; raining 6. 【黑龙江省哈尔滨市松北区一模】—Did Mr. King leave a message? —Yes. He wants to know ________ this Sunday. A. that you will have after-school classes B. if you will have after-school classes C. whether will you have after-school classes Practice makes perfect!巩固练习 一、选用that, if或whether填空 1.I believe_______ you can pass the exam. 2. Peter is wondering_______ his mother likes the pink dress. 3. We are sure_______ our school basketball team will win the match. 4. Sandy is asking Millie will come. _______ she comes, please call her. 5. Tommy doesn't know _______ he should choose the black shoes or the brown shoes. 二、用宾语从句完成下列句子 1. Colours can influence our moods. Most people believe________________________________________. 2. The walls in his room are blue. Jack is glad_______________________________________________. 3. Blue is better than pink. Eddie thinks ______________________________________________. 4. Yellow can bring her good luck. Lucy hopes_______________________________________________． 5．Can I watch TV now? Liz is asking______________________________________________． 6. Does the red dress suit me? Kitty is wondering_________________________________________. 7. Will Jim come here soon? Kate is not sure____________________________________________. 8. Does light travel much faster than sound? Daniel wants to know_______________________________________. 三、单项选择 ( )1．I know _______I promised to take you dinner，but上won’t finish working until ten 0 ctock． A．that B．if C．what D．why ( )2．I can’t say_________or not they can come on time． A．that B．if C．when D．whether ( )3．When H7N9 bird flu first appeared，people didn’t know_______doctors could cure it． A．if B．that C．what D．why ( )4．He asked me if I_______the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in． A．am reading B．would read C．was reading D．will read ( )5．一Can you tell me ______Huang Hua will give us a speech this afternoon? 一Yes，he will．He is the top student___________we all admire· A．when；whether B．what；which C．that；which D．whether；that ( )6．I'm not sure______Tom will come here tomorrow_______he comes here，I’ll email you． A．whether； If B．if；Whether C．if；If D．A&C ( )7．Tom asked whether_________after he finished hi s project． A．can he go to the cinema B．he can go to the cinema C．he could go to the cinema D．could he go to the cinema ( )8．一Are there any questions for you? 一Yes, I want to know_______ next Saturday. A. when will Mrs Wu go camping with us B. who will Mrs Wu go camping C. if Mrs Wu will go camping with us D. that Mrs Wu will go camping with us ( )9．一What did the teacher say to you ? 一He asked me______. A.why I look unhappy then B.when did I go home last night C.how could I solve the problem D.if I had got everything ready ( )10．Our geography teacher told us that the earth ______ the sun. A.went around B. goes around C. is going around D. was going around Homework课后作业 一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。 1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong. 2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound. 3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know. Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days. 4. Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French. 5. Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games. 6. Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang. Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ homework yet. 7. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows? Who knows ______ _____ _____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture? 8. Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car? 9. What does he often talk about? The girl wondered. The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about. 10. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know. I don’ t know ____ _______ at the door so loudly. 11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know. I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street. 12. What's his name? I asked him. I asked him what _____ _____ _____. 13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me. Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________. 14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken. 15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know. I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai. 二、用合适的连接词填空。 1. Jim told me ____ he didn't go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why） 2. Do you know ______ else is going to be on duty today？（who, whom） 3. She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.（that, if） 4. He always thinks ______ he can do better.（how, who） 5. I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon） 6. They don't know _______ to go or wait. (if, whether) 7. We are talking about ______ we’ll go back tomorrow. (whether, if) 8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw. (where, what) 9. I don't know ____ so many people are looking at him. (how, why) 10. Do you know ______ you are studying for? (why, what) 三、句型转换。 1. “Do you want to try it?” Tom's mother asked him.(同义句) Tom's mother asked him _______ _______ ______ to try it. 2. I think this is a good idea.（改为否定句） I _______ ________ this ________ a good idea. 3. Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句 　 Lucy hasn't decided ________ _________ ________ _______ buy. 4. I don't know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句 　 I don't know ________ ________ ________ to the hospital. 5. I don’t suppose they will come, _______ ______ ? (改为反意疑问句) 四、用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. We are sure that he ________ (go) to school tomorrow. 2. Do you know who ______ (be) the first man to walk on the moon? 3. Could you tell me where the post office ______ (is)? 4. Our father said that he _______ (will) buy a new computer. 5. I hear that he _______ (swim) in the sea yesterday. 6. The little boy tells us where his father _______ (work). 7. He said that he _________ (finish) his work already. 8. They thought they could _______ (hike) to the top of the mountain. 9. He was glad that so many people _____ (help) him. 10. She doesn’t know whether ________ (go) or wait. 9A Unit2—Colors（Consolidation） List of the Knowledge prefer (v.) 更喜欢 → (v.) (过去式)更喜欢 relax (v.) 放松 → (adj.) 放松的 create (v.) 创造 → (adj.) 有创造性的 suit (v.) 适合 → (adj.) 合适的 heat (v./n.) 加热;热量 → (adj.) 加热的;激烈的 colour (v./n.) 涂色;颜色 → (adj.) 多彩的 stress (v./n.) 强调;压力 → (adj.) 紧张地 peace (n.) 和平 → (adj.) 宁静的 person (n.) 人 → (adj.) 个人的 sad (adj.) 悲伤 → (n.) 悲伤 pure (adj.) 纯洁的 → (n.) 纯洁 wise (adj.) 明智的 → (n.) 智慧 strong (adj.) 强壮的 → (n.) 力量 warm (adj.) 温暖的 → (n.) 温暖 feel (v.) 感觉 → (n.) 感觉 decide (v.) 决定 → (n.) 决定 celebrate (v.) 庆祝 → (n.) 庆祝 discover (v.) 发现 → (n.) 发现 require (v.) 需求 → → (adj.) (n.) 必要的/必须的 需求 suggest (v.) 建议 → (n.) 建议 certain (adj.) 确信/确定 → (adv.) 当然/肯定 success (n.) 成功 → → → → → (v.) (adj.) (adv.) (v.) (n.) 成功 成功的 成功地 失败 失败 Practice makes perfect!巩固练习 一、单项选择 （ ）1.What should we pay attention________our environment? A. to improving B.to improve C.to to improve D.to to improving （ ）2.The town we are used to_______a lot in the last few years. A. changing B.changed C.change D.has changed （ ）3.It is in the street_______I met you yesterday. A. what B.when C.that D.which （ ）4.My math teacher is humorous,and he often makes his class_______. A.living B.lively C.alive D.lovely （ ）5.They are talking about________they should stop for a meal. A.if B.what C.whether D.which （ ）6.I prefer coffee________ sugar,so add some sugar to it,please. A.with B.to C.of D.on （ ）7.I ________ her to see a doctor at once. A.suggested B.made C.hoped D.advised （ ）8.Rather than________a bicycle to school,I prefer________. A.ride,walking B.riding,walking C.ride, walk D.to ride,to walk （ ）9.They walked along the river,______________happily all the way. A.talked B.talking C.to talk D.and talking （ ）10.Can you tell me _________________? A.how can I get to the nearest bank B.Where is the nearest bank C.the way to the nearest bank is D.in which way I can get to the nearest bank 二、根据首字母填空 1．Who d America，could you tell me？ 2．It's very cold outside. Put on more clothes，o you'll catch cold. 3．He p to come yesterday，but he hasn’t been here now. 4．He tells people that they should get up early. He p it himself too. 5．We have so much to do，so I don't s going away. 6．School education can i students in many ways, even their future. 7．Think it over and let me know w you agree with me. 8．The sun give us light and h . 9．You will face many d , but you should try your best to solve (解决) the problems. 10．We love p , but we are not afraid of war. 三、根据汉语提示填词 1．Don't give yourself up to (悲伤). There's still hope! 2．I don't know what (决定) he has made, so I must wait. 3．They let the lights down to (营造) a comfortable atmosphere. 4．If you want to be successful, you must try and not worry about other people's (感觉). 5．The police (要求) him to keep it a secret. 6．It’s necessary to know something about what the color . （象征） 7．It's impossible to make everyone （满意）with the arrangement． 8．You need to find the method that (奏效)best for you. 9．He soon (发觉)that the job wasn’t as easy as he’d expected. 10．China is one of the most important (古代的)countries in the world. 四、用所给单词的正确形式填空 11．Don’t be nervous. Be (relax) and you will perform well in the show. 12．We could see the （happy） on his face after he heard the bad news． 13．He （prefer） English to Chinese last term． 14．The sun gives us （warm） and makes us feel comfortable． 15．Yellow is the color of （wise）．Many students choose yellow stationary during exams． 16．The boy asked his father if the earth (move) around the sun in surprise． 17．It’s a wonderful （feel ） to be at home after such a long and tiring trip． 18．—Are you going to have a party (celebrate) your birthday？ —Sorry，I （not decide）． 19．I think all your （suggest） are very important and helpful to us． 20．Mrs Rainbow would rather (creative) different feelings for us. Unit 2 Colours【刷题型】(题型组合提升练) 一、完形填空 “Good morning，everybody！"said the teacher,Donna. “Is everybody here？Oh,where is Tom？" “He is ill at home,Miss Donna，" one student said. “Sorry to hear that. Oh，well. Let's get started,okay？Today we're studying participles（分词）as adjectives.Students are 1 confused（困惑的）about the present and past participle when they 2 about them at first,so we will practice this a lot. Now we're just going to practice the present participle. "The present participle tell us what feeling the subject is causing. For example,' Grammar is boring' means that the 3 -grammar-causes a feeling of boredom. If we say,’ The roller coaster is exciting,’ we are saying that the roller coaster causes a feeling of 4 Any questions?" The classroom was 5 . Donna looked at the students' faces. They were confused. She knew this would 6 a while. But finally, the faster students 7 , and then they helped the slower students. By the end of the class, most of the students had felt 8   using the present participle. Donna cleaned the blackboard and put some new 9 on it. She felt a little bit excited 10 the look of understanding came to their faces. 1．A．hardly B．never C．always D．forever 2．A．learn B．know C．hear D．read 3．A．feeling B．participle C．practice D．subject 4．A．happiness B．excitement C．interest D．fear 5．A．dirty B．warm C．empty D．quiet 6．A．take B．wait C．hold D．spend 7．A．saw B．understood C．heard D．woke 8．A．confused B．nervous C．lucky D．comfortable 9．A．pictures B．grammars C．examples D．words 10．A．until B．so that C．when D．though Colour helps you see things. But man and some monkeys and apes（猿）are the only mammals（哺乳动物）that can see colour. 11 any other mammals such as the dog, the world looks like a black-white photo. Dogs hunt 12 by listening and smelling. Like other animals dogs 13 best when things move. The animals they hunt seem to know this. A rabbit, for example, will not move when they find that they are being hunted. Then the dog 14 not see it at all. Birds can see colour. They need to because when they fly they need to find places to land. Colour helps them know how 15 the place is and what it is like so that they are able to 16 something they think safe. Some birds see things even 17 than man. The birds that eat bugs（虫子）can see them from far away 18 the sky. So good eyes and being able to see colours help birds 19 food and also help them find out 20 there are other animals that are dangerous to them. 11．A．For B．With C．As D．To 12．A．probably B．mainly C．only D．suddenly 13．A．see B．smell C．hear D．touch 14．A．may B．should C．must D．need 15．A．soon B．long C．fast D．far 16．A．land B．get C．eat D．understand 17．A．worse B．nearer C．better D．less 18．A．for B．from C．on D．in 19．A．store B．waste C．find D．save 20．A．what B．when C．where D．who Each school day, yellow school buses take millions of American kids to and from school. According to the law, school buses must be painted “school bus 21 ”. You may not find it in a box of crayons. The color is neither pure yellow nor pure orange. Instead, it is a mix of the two, similar 22 to the flesh of a mango. Before such a law was passed, school buses had been painted pure yellow, close to the color of a lemon. In 1939, Dr. Frank W. Cyr had a meeting to set 23 for US school buses. This included a standard color for all school buses in the whole country. Since then, Dr. Cyr has been known 24 the “father of the Yellow School Bus”. The school bus yellow color is not just for looks. It is also a matter of safety. Many people 25 that red is the most noticeable color. Both stop signs and stop lights are red. In fact, research shows that yellow gets our attention 26 than any other color. Even if we are looking straight ahead, we can also see a yellow object that is going past 27 . Besides that, unlike red, yellow is also more easily noticed in a 28 environment. School buses usually 29 children to school in early morning. The black lettering on that yellow background is the easiest color combination to be 30 in darkness. This is another main reason why school bus yellow was chosen. 21．A．red B．blue C．green D．yellow 22．A．color B．smell C．size D．sweet 23．A．times B．lines C．rules D．shapes 24．A．for B．as C．to D．with 25．A．disagree B．believe C．promise D．imagine 26．A．faster B．slower C．worse D．harder 27．A．you B．them C．us D．it 28．A．light B．terrible C．clean D．dark 29．A．pick up B．give up C．throw away D．find out 30．A．written B．seen C．touched D．hit                                                                                  How Popular Are You? There are many different colors around us. Different colors can bring us different feelings. And every one of us has likes and dislikes when it comes to colors. Do you want to know how popular you are in school? Choose a color below. The color you choose may say something about you. A．Pink     B．White       C． Green      D．Black        E. Blue Analysis (解析):A: You have average (中等的) popularity. Your grades in school are not bad. You are easygoing. But you can still improve. B: You have changeable popularity. Sometimes you are the center of attention. Sometimes you say something to hurt people. If you want to be popular all the time, control your temper (脾气). C: You are not very friendly. In order to become more popular, you can watch comedies and learn to be more humorous. D: You are super popular. You seem to like everyone. But of course, there are always some people who you don’t quite like. E: You like to be alone and have no friends. You don’t want to talk to people you don’t like, which may make them think you are a proud person. You prefer to stay in your own world. This test is just for fun. Don’t take it seriously. 二、阅读单选 31．The test allows you to choose one from _______ colors. A．three B．four C．five D．six 32．If you choose White, you need to _______. A．make more friends B．control your temper C．learn to be more humorous D．study harder to get better grades 33．What color might Mike choose if he is very popular with his classmates? A．Pink. B．White. C．Green. D．Black. 34．Mary may be a(n) _______ girl if she chooses E. A．lonely B．friendly C．humorous D．outgoing 35．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The test truly shows how popular you are. B．You don’t hate anyone if you choose Black. C．People who choose Pink aren’t easy-going, but their grades are good. D．Neither people who choose Green nor people who choose Blue are friendly. Today, if we talk about a color, we only need to use a simple name. For example, “blue” in Chinese is lan. But in ancient China, there were many beautiful names for blue, such as yuebai, qielan and shiqing. Similar to the color wheel developed by Isaac Newton, ancient Chinese people created colors using the idea of pure (纯) colors and mixed colors. There were five pure colors, including qing (blue), chi (red), yellow, white and black. These basic colors can be put together to produce mixed colors. For example, mixing yellow and blue could make green. Lots of colors came into being (产生) thanks to this. As for naming, ancient Chinese people paid much attention to the imagination that colors bring. For example, dongfang jibai is a light blue color. The blue color describes what the sky looks like early in the morning. Similarly, the pink color taoyao is used to describe blossoming (开花的) peach trees. The purple color mushanzi describes a sunset covering the mountain. Do you know a color was not just a color, but a symbol of social status (地位) in ancient China? For example, yellow was long seen as the symbol of authority. Only the leader of the country and his family could use it. During the Tang Dynasty (朝代), officials needed to wear clothes with certain colors. Only officials of the top three grades were allowed to wear purple clothes, while those of the fourth and fifth wore red clothes, the sixth and seventh officials wore green clothes. Blue was for those in the lowest grades. The colors that the ancients left us can be seen in society today. Nowadays, some TV programs present traditional Chinese colors in clothes and buildings, which excite people’s interest in ancient colors. 36．What does the writer want to tell us in Paragraph 2? A．Who developed the five pure colors? B．How did lots of colors come into being? C．What were the mixed colors produced for? D．How many beautiful names does blue have? 37．What does mushanzi describe? A．The sky in early morning. B．The blossoming peach trees. C．The best imagination of people. D．The sunset covering the mountain. 38．What may the underlined word “authority” mean? A．Happiness. B．Country. C．Palace. D．Power. 39．Which of the following is TRUE according to the Tang Dynasty officials system? A．Officials in purple>Officials in green>Officials in blue>Officials in red. B．Officials in purple>Officials in red>Officials in blue>Officials in green. C．Officials in purple>Officials in red>Officials in green>Officials in blue. D．Officials in purple>Officials in green>Officials in red>Officials in blue. ①The natural world is colorful with humans, plants and animals showing different colors. ②Human skin can be many different colors and it changes with the sun, our feelings or our health for example. This is because of pigments(色素), which reflect light and make what the eye sees as colors. So, when we feel excited or angry, our heart can send more blood to the face and the pigments in the skin become red. This is why we have the expression that someone “sees red” when they are angry. ③Plants also have pigments. Color is important for them to live on. The bright colors of flowers catch the attention of insects, which then carry their pollen(花粉) from one flower to another. Bees can see colors we cannot, and they follow these to the inside of the flower. Without bees visiting flowers in this way, many plants would die out. ④Animals also use color for their own need. They protect themselves with different colors so that they will not be seen by predators easily. The snowshoe hare for example, a kind of wild rabbit, changes color with seasons for this reason. During summer it is a brown color, and in winter it is white so that it can hide in the snow. However, some animals use color as a warning to make predators stay away. Bright colors such as yellow and red are often used in this way. Nature, however, is very clever, and predators also use colors to attract the animals they feed on. ⑤So, we can see that there may be many different reasons and uses for colors in the natural world. Some uses of color in nature remain unknown, but one thing is for sure, color not only makes our planet beautiful but it is also necessary for our planet to live on. 40．What is/are the cause that makes human skin change color according to Paragraph 2? A．Sunshine. B．Feelings. C．Pigments. D．Blood. 41．What can plants use to attract insects according to Paragraph 3? A．Leaves. B．Fruits. C．Pollen. D．Color. 42．What does the underlined word “predators” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Animals which hide in secret places. B．Animals which kill other animals for food. C．Animals which change color with the sun. D．Animals which protect themselves from danger. 43．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 三、短文首字母填空 1 In the animal world, colour is of great importance to nature’s animals, birds and insects. Often it can s 44 their lives. Nature is beautiful, and we can see its beauty everywhere. Nature is full of colours. P 45 , animals, birds and insects have many beautiful colours. Colour, however, for animals, birds and insects is not only beauty. It means life to them because it helps them h 46 from other dangerous animals. Some birds use their colours to tell other birds to s 47 away from their “houses” in the tree. They sing and move their wings to show their colours as a m 48 to other birds. One kind of butterfly is orange and black. Birds do not like e 49 them because they have a bad taste. Once a bird eats this kind of butterfly, it remembers the bad taste. After that, it will n 50 eat another orange and black butterfly! Some moths(飞蛾) use colours to make birds a 51 of them. A bird can remember the colours or the marks on the moth’s back. The bird sees the colours or the marks and doesn’t eat the moth! One kind of fish can change its colour. The colour is the s 52 as the sea plants or rock around it. Other fish can’t see it. Of course, the chameleon is the most famous because it can change the colour of its body as it walks from a tree to green plants. You can see it t 53 green as you watch. 2 Many studies show there is a relationship between colours and moods. Moreover, it is believed that colours can also i 64 appetite (食欲). You may w 65 whether it is true. I am a mother of two kids. I want my kids to love food, so I am always trying to c 66 eye-catching plates of food for them. An attractive m 67 is not only about how food tastes, but about how it smells and how it looks. B 68 kids taste their food, they see it. An attractive plate of food c 69 their attention and excites their moods and tongues for what they will taste. There are two easy ways. You can e 70 use a lot of different colours or work with just one colour like red and orange. Some days, I say “It’s Orange Day today because it’s rainy hard and we r 71 something to cheer us up!” or “Today, it’s Red Day because we need s 72 in our body and mind.” or “Today is Green Day because we are celebrating spring!” However, I n 73 use just blue or black. They make them lose appetite. 9A Unit3--Teenage problems（1） Teaching Targets（教学目标） 1. 能够掌握本单元单词和短语 2. 能熟悉单词用法，辨析单词含义 Teaching Key Points & Special difficulties（教学重点、难点） 1. 单词、短语的辨析和运用 2. 形容词、动词、名词的用法区分 List of the Knowledge 【Vocabulary（New words） and Expressions（Phrases）】生词、词组和短语 1. teenage adj. 青少年的 teenager n. 青少年 2. sometimes, sometime, some time 和some times的用法 sometimes 副词，“有时” Sometimes he goes to see his parents.有时他去看望他的父母。 sometime 用于将来时的句子中，意为“在未来某个时间 I think he will come sometime. 我想他总会来的。 some time 名词性短语，“一些时间” He will spend some time in the countryside.他将在农村度过一段日子。 some times “几次”或“几倍” 3. The TV is always on at my home. be on 开着的，on是副词，表示“处于工作状态或使用中”，常指电灯、电视等开着，其反义词为off。 on短语搭配：打开__________ 向前（移动） __________ 穿上__________ 上车__________ 接受挑战_______________ 4. mark n. 分数；标记；商标 v. 做标记；打分数 mare the exam papers 5. The noise almost drives me mad. noise n. 噪音【U】 noisy adj. noisily adv. noise，sound，voice的用法 noise 名词， “噪声，噪音，杂音”，不可数名词，前面常用some，much, a lot of ,lots of 等修饰。它通常指人们不愿意听到的、不悦耳的、令人讨厌的声音。 Don﹐t make so much noise.别发出这么多噪音 sound 指“声音”时，意义最广泛，可以指人们听到的各种声音，包括大的，小的，好听的，难听的，是一个中性词。 Light travels faster than sound.光要比声的速度快。 I heard a strange sound in the field.我听到田野里有一种奇怪的声音。 voice “声音”，一般是指人的说话声。 “Class begins！”our teacher spoke in loud voice.“上课”！老师大声地说。 mad adj. 发疯的；生气的 drive sb mad 使某人发疯 6. perhaps adv. 或许，可能 = maybe = probably，多用于句首。 7. deal with 处理；对付 （deal-dealt-dealt）= do with 【注意】deal with常与how连用，do with常与what连用。 8. have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择只能做某事 but 表示“除…之外” but, except, besides的区别 but 除…之外（只有） but后接仅有或存在的内容，通常与no, nothing, nobody等表示否定的单词连用，但but前有实义动词do时，but 后的不定式要省去to。 Last night, I did nothing but watch TV. except 除…之外（不再有） 指从整体排除except后的人或物，常与everything, everybody, all等连用。 Nobody except Mr. Li was in the office. besides 除…之外（还有） 指在原来的基础上加上besides后的人或物。 Two other boys were on duty besides Xiao Li. 9. stay up 熬夜 stay out 待在户外，不回家 up短语搭配：叫醒__________ 张贴；搭建；举起__________ 编造；组成；化妆；弥补；__________ 打扮__________ 占据（时间或空间）；拿起__________ 抚养；提出；呕吐__________ 分手；打碎__________ 捡起；接人；偶然学会__________ 10. awake adj. 醒着，常作表语 wake v. 叫醒 sleep v. 睡觉 sleepy adj. 困倦的，昏昏欲睡的 asleep adj. 睡着的 11. hardly adv. 几乎不，位于实义动词之前，情态动词、助动词、系动词之后 在反义疑问句中，若主句有hardly，反义疑问句部分用肯定形式： You hardly write to each other, do you? 12. imagine v. 想象，设想 imagine sth./sb. 想象做某事__________ 13. ★doubt whether/if ... never/ don’t doubt that... I doubt if Tom has taken my watch. 我怀疑是不是汤姆拿了我的手表。 I do not doubt that he will succeed. 我确信他会成功。 【注意】 ① 区分天气weather和是否whether的拼写 ② 区分if和whether作为“是否”理解时用法的区别 1’在动词不定式之前只能用whether 。 2’ 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。 3’ 在介词后，只能用whether。 4’宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether 。 ③ 区分是否既可以表示“是否”又可以表示“如果”，表“如果”时接条件状语从句，遵从“主将从现”的时态规则，表“是否”时，改用什么时态就用什么时态，如： I don’t know if he will come to our party tomorrow. If he comes, we will be happier. 我不知道他明天是否会来我们的晚会。如果他来的话，我们会更开心的。 14. be (well) worth sth./doing sth. （很）值得（做）某事 15. I hope I cam offer you some useful suggestions. 1） offer v. 提供；为…提供机会；给予 为某人提供某物（2种）__________ 主动提出做某事__________ 2）suggestion n. 建议 [c] suggest v. suggest sth/ doing sth/ that… advice n. [u] advise v. advise sth/ doing sth./ sb to do sth./ that… 16. cause n.[c] 原因 v. 引起，导致 ...的原因（2种）____________________ 导致（2种）____________________ 17. strict adj. 严格的，严厉的 对某人要求严格__________ 对某事要求严格__________ 18. valuable adj. 宝贵的；贵重的 value n. 价值 v. 珍视 be valuable = be of value 有价值的 19. list n. [c] 清单 make a list of… 列...的清单 v. 列入，列出，把…编列成表 20. work out 算出；解决；制订。 代词作宾语时，代词需放在中间 work it out 21. according to 根据 22. alone 作副词，意为“单独地、独自地”； lonely 只能作形容词，表示一种感觉，带有感情色彩。指人时，强调内心的“孤独”，“寂寞”。 23. seem v. 似乎，好像 seem+adj 系表结构 He seems unhappy seem to do sth. 似乎做某事 It seems that…（it形式主语） 24. silence n. 安静；沉默 silent adj. 安静的；沉默的 25. worry vi. 担心 n. 担心；令人担心的事 worried adj. 担心的；烦恼的 对...担心（2种）____________________ 26. method n. 方法 方法：way 、means、method 用这种方法：in this way/ by this means/ with this method 做某事的方法：the way to do sth./ the method of doing sth. 27. reply n. 回答，答复 = answer vt.& vi. 回答，答复 reply to sb. get a reply 得到答复 28. plenty of 大量的，既可以修饰可数也可以修饰不可数 29. laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 30. progress n.【U】 进展；进步 make progress (in…) (在…方面)取得进步 31. aloud, loud 和 loudly区别 (1) aloud adv. 大声地；出声地。aloud作“出声地”解时，主要与read, think等连用，作“大声地”解时，主要与call, shout, cry等连用 (2) loud adj.& adv. 大声的/地，高声的/地。loud主要与talk, speak, sing, laugh等动词和voice, noise, whistle等名词连用 (3) loudly adv. 大声地，高声地。loudly则可与任何发出声响的动词（如：bring, explode, knock，ring, insist, demand, explain等）连用 32. go over 复习；回顾；检查 33. pronounce v. 发音 pronunciation n. 34. correctly adv. 正确地 incorrectly adv. 不正确地 correct adj. 正确的 v. 纠正；改正 35. Don’t mention it. mention: (1) 表示“提到”“提及”，是及物动词，其后接名词或代词作宾语时，无需用任何介词；另外注意不接双宾语。 (2) 若后接动词，要用动名词，不能用不定式，即mention doing sth. (3) 口语中说 Don’t mention it. 主要用来回答感谢，有时也用来回答道歉。相当于“Not at all”,”You are welcome”,如： (4) 用于 not to mention, 意为“更不用说” “还不算”。 36. stress n. 【U】 精神压力，紧张; 重音 stressed adj. 有压力的；紧张的 under stress 在受力时，在压力之下 under the stress of… 在…的压力之下 【注意】stress与pressure的区别 用于人时，stress指使人感到内心痛苦的各种原因，pressure则指强制或促使某种行动的外部压力。因此stress意思偏于精神方面的压力，pressure意思偏于物理方面的压力。 37. Many students of our age have this problem. of our age做后置定语修饰many students 固定结构：be of one’s age 与某人同龄 at the age of… 在…岁时 Practice makes perfect!巩固练习 Vocabulary building strategies（词汇运用） 1. Your_____________(建议) about my study are very useful to me. 2.I stayed ____________（醒着的）till midnight because of too much noise outside. 3. If you want to improve your English, you should read ____________（出声地）. 4. How do you _____________（发音）your last name? 5. Mr. Wu asked us not to keep our____________ (worry) to ourselves. 6. ______________ (accord) to the poster, which of the following is true? 7. Joe’s mother was __________ (mad) at him than before because he paid no attention to his mistakes. 8.I really hope to have my ___________ (parent) support for playing football. 9. It is about ten months since I ___________ (join) the Reading Club. 10. --- How soon __________ they ___________ (be) back? --- In two hours. 11. Does anyone know when the first computer _____________(invent)? 12. The price of the cars____________$$