Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 语言知识积累 讲义-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

—Do you think she's going to make it,doctor? 大夫,您觉得她能保 住性命吗? —It's really too soon to say.现在还很难说。 小题集训 判断下列句子中 make it 的含义 1.What a traffic jam!I don't think we will make it to the airport on time. 2.After so much hard work in the field of music,Jane finally made it. 3.I'm really sorry that I won't be able to make it to your wedding on Sunday. 【答案解析】 1 .准时到达 2.获得成功3.能够出席(或到场) Point 4 up to 教材语境P37》It's up to you,isn't it?这取决于你,不是吗? 用法 详解 up to(1)由..决定或胜任(后加sb.) 常见 搭配 It's up to ou. (交际用语)由你决定。 It's up to you to lead what kind of life in the future.将来过怎样的生活 取决于你自己。 —Shall we go out for dinner or eat at home? 我们是出去吃饭还是在家 吃呢? —It's up to you.由你决定。 (2)达到(某数量、程度等),至多有 We students are allowed to borrow up to six books from the library at a time. 我们学生一次最多可以从图书馆借六本书。 Our football team played up to its best in the last match.我们的足球队在上一次的比赛中发挥了最 高水平。 (3)直到,不多于,不迟于。相当于 up until。 常 见 搭配 up to now 直 到 现 在 ( 常 与 现 在 完 成 时 连 用 ) up to then直 到 那 时 ( 常 与 过 去 完 成 时 连 用 ) The No.5 bus runs up to 9 o'clock in the evening.5路公共汽车运行到 晚上九点。 现在完成时 Up to now,the writer has written six stories,three of which are about country life.直到现在,这位作家已经写了6个故事,其中有3个是关 于乡村生活的。 (4)(体力或智力上)能胜任 My German isn't up to translating that letter.我的德语不行,翻译不了 那封信。 up to还表示"正 在 做 " 。 What are you up to? 你正在做什么? 1 . 判 断 下 列 句 子 中 up to的含义 ①It's up to you whether we accept the present ornot. ②It could be up to two years before the program is complete. ③ He's up to the role of Othello in the play. ④Up to now,he has visited five European countries, including Germany and France. 2 . 语法填空 It's up to the travel companies _ (warn)customers of any possible dangers. 【答案解析】 1. ①由……决 定②达到(某数量、程度 等 ) ③(体力或智力上)能 胜任④直到 2.to warn Point 5 set an example 教材语境P38》They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others.他们必 须是所在运动项目上的大师,并且是他人学习的楷模。 用 法 详解 set an example 意为"树立榜样",后接for/to sb., 表示"为某人树立榜样/做出表率"。example前可加形 容词修饰。 Tom worked hard and set an example to his classmates.汤姆 学习很努力,为他的同班同学树立了榜样 China has set a good example of how to fight COVID-19 for the rest of the world.中国在如何应对新冠肺炎疫情方面为 世界其他国家做出了表率。 归 纳 拓展 example构成的其他短语: take....for example以…为例 for example例如 小题集训 用 example 的相关短语完成句子 1.We Chinese people are all called on to learn from Lei Feng,who we think _ (为 … …树立榜样) all of us. 2.There are many sayings in English advising us to be cautious (谨慎的). _ ( 例 如),"Don't put all your eggs in one basket." 3.I suggest you_(以 她为榜样) and start doing regular exercise. 【答案解析】 1.set an example to/for 2.For example3.follow her example Point 6 honour 教材语境 P38》As a player,Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country.作为一名运动员,郎平为她的祖国赢得了诸多荣誉。亦作honor 用法详解(1) n.[U] 荣誉;尊敬,尊重;[sing.] 荣幸,光荣 have the honour of(doing)sth.得到……殊荣,有幸(做)……=have the horour to do sth. =It’s sb's honour to do sth. It's an honour(for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事很荣幸。 May I have the honour of dancing with you?我是否有幸与您跳一支舞呢? The government set up a school in honour of heroes who fought for the honour of our country.政府设立了一所学校,为了纪念为祖国荣誉而战的英雄。 It is an honour to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.能在这里和大家分享我对在高中应该学什么的看法, 我感到非常荣幸。 (2) vt. 尊敬,尊重;给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号);使感到荣幸 常见 honour sb.with sth.某事使某人感到荣幸;授予某人荣誉 搭配 be/feel honoured to do sth.因做某事而感到荣幸 in honour of sb.(=in one's honour)为向某人表示敬意;为纪念某人 an honour to sb./sth.某人/某物的光荣 Mr Smith,you honoured us with your presence.史密斯先生,您的莅临是 我们的荣幸。 He was honoured with an award for excellence in teaching.他因教学出色而获表彰。 I feel honoured to have been mentioned in his speech.他在讲话中提到了 我,真是荣幸。 归 纳 拓 展 相关词语积累: honourable adj.光荣的,值得尊敬的;品德高尚的 honourable mention 荣誉奖 It's honourable to earn a living with your own hands.靠自己的双手来养活 自己是光荣的。 小题集训1.语法填空 ① We've decided to hold a meeting in honour _ all the people that have helped us out. ② Tu Youyou was honoured _the Nobel Prize on Oct.5,2015. 2.一句多译 我很荣幸今天能够 来到这里参加比赛。 ① _ to take part in the competition.(honour) ②_to take part in the competition. (honoured) 【答案解析】 1.① of② with 3. ①It is an honour for me to come here或 It is my honour to come here ② I feel honoured to come here Point 7 determination 教材语境P38》When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup,her determination was tested.当中国队备 战2015年世界杯时,她的决心受到了考验。 用法详解 (1 )n.[U ]决心,果断,坚定 常见 搭配 with determination顽强地,有决心地 the determination to do sth.做某事的决心 With strong determination,I can overcome any difficulty in my life.只要有坚定的决心,我就能克服生活中遇到的任何困难。 A good student always has the determination to solve all questions in his study.一名优秀的学生总是有决心解决他在学习中遇到 的所有问题。 (2)n.[U] (正式)决定,确定 The determination of the meaning of a word is often difficult without a context.脱离上下文来确定一个词的含义常常是困 难的。 联想串记 相关词语积累: determine to do sth.决定 做某事 determine on/ upon sth.决 定某事 determined adj. 有决心的,意 志坚定的;(尤 指在困境中)坚 决的,坚定的 be determined to do sth.决心 做某事 be determined that...决 定 … determination n.决心 小题集训语法填空 1 .Write a poem about how courage,_ (determine),and strength have helped you face challenges in your life. 2 _ (determine)to be stronger,I take part in many physical activities. 3.My sister Lily has determined_ (go)to Peking University.She is a _(determine)girl.Once she has determined _ something,she will make her dream come true with great_ (determine) 【答案解析】 1. determination2.Determined3.to go;determined;on/upon; determination Point 8 injure 教材语境 P38》One of the best players had been injured,and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems.最优秀 的队员中有一人受伤了,而且队长也因心脏问题离队。 用法详解 injure vt.(尤指在事故中)伤害,使受伤;损害(名誉、自尊等)伤害人的自尊情感 Barry was badly injured when he was cycling along the valley. 沿着 山谷骑自行车时,巴里受了重伤。 The teacher's words injured Ann's pride so that she was unhappy the whole day.老师的话伤害了安的自尊心,于是她一整天都很沮丧。 相关词语积累:injury n.[C,U]( 对 躯 体 的 ) 伤 害 , 损 伤 injured adj.受 伤 的;受到伤害 的,委屈的 the injured受伤的人,伤 员(作主语时,谓语动词 常用复数形式) Rest is often the most effective treatment for common running injuries. 对于常见的跑步损伤,休息通常是最有效的治疗方法。 If you know first aid,it is easy to help an injured person in an accident. 如果你懂得急救,在事故中帮助受伤的人很容易。 Jack injured his leg when he was playing basketball yesterday.The doctor said that his injury was very serious. 杰克昨天打篮球时伤了腿。医生说他 的伤势很严重。 Point 9 lose heart 教材语境 P38 》Losing two important players was a big challenge,but Lang Ping did not lose heart.损失两大主力 队员是个巨大的挑战,但是郎平没有气馁。 用法详解 lose heart 为固定搭配,意为"丧失信心,泄气"。heart不能加-s,其前也不能加冠词a 或 the。 Even though your research appears to be at a dead end now, you shouldn't lose heart but keep on trying.即使你们的研究 现在似乎陷入了僵局,你们还是不应该泄气,而要继续进行 下去。 归 纳 拓展 heart构成的其他短语: lose one's heart to...爱上…… break one's heart 使某人很难过 put one's heart into.. 全心地投入…… learn...by heart记住/背熟 … … heart and soul全心全意 from the (bottom of one's)heart 从内心(深处),真诚地 When he was a child,he lost his heart to writing poems.Though he put his heart into it for many years,it seemed as if nothing had been achieved.However,he would never lose heart. 他还是个孩子时就 爱上了写诗。尽管多年来他全心地投入到诗歌创作中,但看起来 似乎一无所成。然而,他永远不会灰心。 小题集训1.语法填空 ① Adam put his heart_the wildlife research,and finally, his effort earned him international respect. ② You have learned the poem _heart,but it doesn't necessarily mean that you have fully understood its meaning. ③I don't want to go away without thanking you _the bottom of my heart. 2.用 heart的相关短语完成句子 ①He _ when he called off the wedding,and her eyes were filled with tears. 【答案解析】 1.①into ②by ③from 2.①broke her heart②lose heart Point 10 strength 教材语境P38 》Jordan's skills were impressive,but the mental strength that he showed made him unique.乔丹的 球技令人赞叹,然而他所展示的精神力量使他成为一名独 一无二的球星。 用法详解 (1) n.[U,sing.] 意志力量,毅力;体力,力气,力量 常见搭配 build up one's strength 增强体力 I think you have to find an inner strength in order to feel good about yourself.我觉得只有找到内心的力量才能有自信。 Practising Chinese kung fu not only builds up one's strength, but also develops one's character.练中国功夫不但能增强体 力,还能培养一个人的性格。 (2)n.[C] 优点,优势,长处 常见搭配 strengths and weaknesses强项和弱项/优势和劣势/ 长处和短处 The 1,500-meter race is his strength.1500米赛跑是他的强 项 。 小题集训 用 strength的适当形式填空 1. First,you need to evaluate( 评 价 ) yourself,your values,your _,your weaknesses,your achievements, your desires,etc. 2. The publication of Great Expectations, which was both widely reviewed and highly praised, Dickens’_status (地位)as a leading novelist. 【答案解析】 1.strengths 。句 意:首先, 你需要评估你自己,你的价值观,你的 长处,你的弱点,你的成就,你的愿望, 等等。 2.strengthened。句意:《远大前程》得到 了广泛评论和高度赞扬,它的出版巩固 了狄更斯一流小说家的地位。 Point 11 failure 教材语境P38》Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures. 乔丹说,他的成功秘诀在于吸取失败的教训。 用法详解 (1) n.[C] 失败的人或事;[U] 失 败 The art show was far from being a failure;it was a great success.这次艺 术展览不但没有失败,反而是一个巨大的成功。 Successful people often aren't very good at dealing with failure.一帆风 顺的人往往不太擅长应对失败。 (3) n.[U,C] 未做,未履行(应做之事) 常见搭配 failure to do sth.未做某事 His failure to return her phone call made her realize that something was wrong. 他没给她回电话,这使她觉得有什么事情不 对头。 (3)n.[U,C] 故障;失灵 failure in...在.....方面出故障 There were also several accidents mainly caused by engine failures on take-off. 还有几次事故主要是起飞时引擎出现故障造成的。 归纳拓展 相关知识积累: 英语中有一类名词表示抽象意义时一般为不可数名词,但被赋予具 体含义后,可看作可数名词,表示"……的人或事"。常见的这类名词 还有: 抽象名词(不可数) 具体化后(可数) beauty 美,美丽 a beauty 美人或美好的事物 danger 危险 a danger 危险的人或危险的事 surprise 惊奇 a surprise 意想不到(或突然)的事 success 成功,胜利 a success 成功的人或成功的事 pleasure 愉快,快乐 a pleasure 一件乐事 experience 经验 an experience 一次经历/体验 difficulty 困难 a difficulty 一件难事 pity 怜悯,同情 a pity 一件可惜的事, 一件憾事 Point12 give up 小题集训 教材语境P38》Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up.赛场上的失利教会他要更加努力地训练和决不放弃。用 give 的相关短语完成 句子 用法详解 (1)作不及物短语动词时,意为"放弃,认输"。 Failure doesn't mean you should give up;it does mean you must try harder.失败并不意味着你应该认输,它只是意味着你必须加倍努力。they too soon and a quitter never wins. 2.Saying too much can the secret you try to hide. 3. (浙江高考语法填空改 编)On the edge(边)of the (2) 作及物短语动词时,意为"停止,放弃(不用于被动语态);让出"。 Jean realized she was wrong and gave up the argument.琼意识到她错了,便停止了争论。 I would always give up my seat to an elderly person on the bus.我在公共汽车上总是给老人让座。 Section Listening and Talking &Reading for Writing Point 1 compete 教材语境P41》An athlete should think about honour and his/ her fans if he/she is competing for his/her country.运动员如 果是为他/她的国家参赛,应该考虑(国家)荣誉和他/她的仰慕者。 用法详解 compete vi.竞争,对抗;参加比赛(或竞赛) compete with/against sb.(for...)(为……)同某人竞争 compete in...(for...) (为……)参加……比赛(或竞赛) compete to do sth.竞相做某事 During the singing contest,Mary competed with Helen for first prize. 在歌唱比赛中,玛丽与海伦争夺一等奖。 There are too many magazines competing to attract readers.竞相吸 引读者的杂志太多了。 Many education institutions are competing to attract students to their courses.许多教育机构竞相吸引学生上他们的课程。 联 想 串记 相关词语积累: competitive adj.竞争的;有竞争力的 competition n.[U]竞争,角逐;[C] 比赛 competitor n.[C]竞争者,对手 语法填空 As the youngest _(compete),John will compete _ the writing contest _ 30 other top students _ the yearly award of writing.So he must be very _ (compete) so that he can win the_(compete). 【答案解析】 competitor;in;with/ against;for;competitive;competition Point 2 make sense 教材语境P41》That doesn't make any sense! 那说不通! 用 法 详 解 make sense的常见用法如下: (1)讲得通,有道理 What you say doesn't make sense,so I don't agree with you. 你 说的话没有道理,所以我不同意你的看法。 (2)易于理解,表述清楚 常见搭配 sth.makes sense to sb.某事为某人所理解 No matter how I read it,this sentence doesn't make any sense to me. 我无论怎么读,都不理解这个句子。 (3)是明智的,合乎情理 常见搭配 It makes sense to do sth.做某事是明智的。 It makes good sense to save money for a rainy day.存一些钱以备 不时之需是很明智的。 归纳拓展 make sense of 的用法: make sense of意为"理解,弄懂(复杂或不寻常的事物)",主语 通常是人。 I can't make sense of this poem,but perhaps I will if I read it for several times.我弄不懂这首诗,但我再读几遍或许就会懂了。 语法填空 1. See,your computer has broken down again!It doesn't make sense_ (buy)the cheapest brand ( 品 牌 ) of computer just to save a few dollars. 2.His words confused me so much that I had a hard time trying to make sense_what he really meant. 3.—Do these paintings appeal to (吸引)you? —No,not really.They don't make sense _ me at all 【答案解析】 1.to buy 2.of 3.to Point 3 pretend 小题集训 教材语境P41 》A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.即使假装跌倒有利于他/她的球队,一个足球运动员也不应该这样做。 用法详解 pretend vt.&vi.假装,佯装,pretend 不 接v-ing 形式作宾语。 pretend to be+n./adj.假装 … . pretend(that)... pretend(not)to do sth.假装(不)做某事 pretend to be doing sth.假装正在做某事 pretend to have done sth.假装已经做了某事 Sarah pretended to be cheerful,saying nothing about the argument. 萨拉假装高兴,没有提争吵的事。 Bruce pretended(that) he didn't mind,but I knew that he did. 布鲁斯假装不在乎,但我知道他很介意。 Don't pretend to know when you don't.不要不懂装懂。 Mr White pretended to be reading an important document when the boss entered.老板进来时怀特先生假装正在看一份重要的 文件。 When his mother entered his room,he pretended to have fallen asleep. 当妈妈走进他的房间时,他假装已经睡着了。 语法填空 1.The salesgirl pretended not _ (hear)me and went on chatting with a lady in blue. 2.The police are setting a trap ( 圈 套 ) for the thieves.One pretends _ (be)an ice cream seller standing at the corner.One pretends _(finish)shopping and _ (wait)for the bus.One pretends _ (read)a newspaper. 【答案解析】 1.to hear 2.to be;to have finished;be waiting;to be reading。 句意:警方 为小偷设了一个圈套。一个人假扮 成卖冰淇淋的站在拐角处,一个人 假装购完物正在等公共汽车,一个 人假装正在看报纸。 Point 4 millions of 教材语境 P41 》It is wrong to pay people millions of yuan to play sports. 付给人们数百万元来从事体育运动是不对的。 用法详解 millions of意为"大量的;数百万的"。类似的短语有: thousands of大量的;成千上万的 hundreds of大量的;数以百计的 As the environment improves, millions of wild birds can be seen flying over the lake.随着环境的改善,可以看到大量的野生鸟儿在湖上飞翔。 Tu Youyou was given the Nobel Prize for the discovery of artemisinin, which has saved millions of lives worldwide,especially in developing countries.屠呦呦因为发现青蒿素获得了诺贝尔奖,青蒿素挽救了全 世界数百万人的生命,特别是在发展中国家。 归纳拓 "数目"表达法集锦: (1)表示一定数目时,形式为: 具体数字/several +hundred/o可f+数th/词ths /ts/f)词所有格+可数 thousand/million/... 十 名词复数 five/several million dollars 五百万/数百万美元 two/several thousand of these people 这些人中的2000人/几千人 (2)表示概数时,形式为: hundreds/thousands/millions/...+of+可数名词复数(必须加of) hundreds of students数以百计的/大量的学生 thousands of workers成千上万的/大量的工人 1.语法填空 When Van Gogh was alive,nobody bought his paintings.But now rich people will sometimes pay more than five _ (million)dollars for one. 2.完成句子 ①要到达广场,他们必 须穿过一条几百米长的 街道。 To get to the square,they must go through a street that is _ long. ②他们收到大量咨询 邮件。 They received _ asking for information.(million) 【答案解析】 1.million2.①several hundred metres ② millions of/hundreds/ thousands emails Point 5 audience 教材语境 P41》I see what you mean,but the audience wants fair play.我明白你的意思,但观众希望有公平的比赛。 用法详解 audience 是集合名词,意为"观众,听众"。其用法为: 有类似用法的集 合 名 词 还 有 class, family, team, public group等 。 (1)audience作主语时,谓语动词有两种情况: ①若强调个体,谓语动词用复数形式; ②若作为整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式。 The audience are cheering for their favorite athletes.观众们正在为他们最喜欢的运动员加油。 A large audience was waiting outside the concert hall.一大批观众 正在音乐厅外等候。 (2)形容观(听)众人数多或少时,通常用big,large,vast,small 等形容词修饰,不能用many,few 修饰。a large/small audience "观众多/少"。 There was a large audience of young people at the pop concert.流行 音乐会上有大量年轻的听众。 归 纳 拓展 集合名词作主语时谓语动词的数还有以下情况: 有些有生命的集合名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式。常见的这类名词有people,police,cattle 等。 The police are searching the house.警察正在搜查这所房子。 Cattle feed on grass.牛以草为食。 小题集训 1.语法填空 ①All the audience _ (be)moved by his performance last night. ②The family _ all music lovers and the family _ going to a concert. (be) 2.完成句子 ①警察正在协助农场主寻找 昨晚被偷的牛。 The police _ the farmer in search of the cattle that _ last night. ②在一大批观众面前表演是 一种很棒的体验。 It is a great experience to perform in front of _ 【答案解析】1.① were ②are;is 2.①are helping;were stolen②a large audience Point 6 positive 教材语境P42》GOING POSITIVE 积极向上 用法详解 (1 )adj.积极乐观的,自信的;有助益的;积极的 a positive attitude乐观的态度 be positive about..积极地对待…… A well-balanced diet,proper physical exercise and positive attitudes towards life help people to maintain good health.均 衡 的膳食,适当的体育锻炼和对生活积极的态度有助于人们保 持 健 康。 Helen tried to be more positive about her new job.海伦尽量更 积极地投入新工作。 I believe that the Internet has positive effects on our lives.我 认为互联网对我们的生活有积极的影响。 (2)adj. (医学检验)呈阳性的 Nearly 1,700 people in total tested positive for COVID-19 last week. 上周总共有近1700人新冠病毒检测呈阳性。 归纳拓展 相关词语积累: positively adv.积极地;肯定地 [反义]negative adj.消极的,负面的;不良的,有害的;结果为 阴性的 n.[C] 否定,拒绝 判断下列句子中positive 的词性 及含义 1. It is important to learn to take a positive attitude to life when you are in trouble. 2. The runner was suspended( 停 赛 )for two years after he tested positive for drugs. 3 .While online shopping has changed our life,not all of its effects have been positive. 【答案解析】 1.adj.积极乐观的。句 意:当你遇到麻烦时,学会用积极的态 度面对生活是很重要的。 2.adj.呈阳性的。句意:这位赛跑运 动员在药检呈阳性后被停赛两年。 3.adj. 积极的。句意:尽管网上购物 已经改变了我们的生活,但是不是其 所有的影响都是积极的。 Point 7 diet 教材语境 P42》I worried about my weight and tried every new diet I read about online.我非常担心自己的体重,并尝试了在网上看到的 任何新的节食方法。 用法详解 (1) n.[C] 规定饮食(为健康或减肥等目的);[C,U] 日常饮食 be on diet节食(表状态) a balanced/healthy varied diet均衡/健康/多样化的饮食 I didn't eat any cake because I was on a diet.我没有吃蛋糕,因为我在 节食。 Many people have come to realize that they should go on a diet and spare some time for exercise in their daily life.很多人都已经开始意识 到在日常生活中他们应该节食并抽出一些时间锻炼。 To keep healthy,we must have a varied diet.为了保持健康,我们必 须有多样化的饮食。 (2)vi. 节食,进行规定饮食 My sister is always dieting but she never seems to lose any weight.我妹 妹总是在节食,但体重好像从未减少。 小题集训 完成句子 1.Aaron must _ (节食) . He looks much thinner than he used to be. 2.Plants need water and sunlight to grow well. Similarly,a healthy body requires _ ( 均 衡 的 饮食) . 3.As a matter of fact,you can't expect to lose weight simply by _ (节食) . 【答案解析】 1.be on a diet/be dieting 2.a balanced diet 3.going on a diet或 dieting Point 8 make a difference 教材语境P42》I had no idea a letter could make such a difference! 我没想到一词之差会产生这么大的影响! 用法详解 make a difference 意为"有影响,有作用,有关系"。可 单独使用 One false step will make a great difference. [谚]失之毫厘,谬以千 里。 Taking exercise regularly will make a great difference to your health.定 期锻炼会对你的健康产生很大的影响。 It makes a big difference where you put the plants —they only grow in this soil. 你把这些植物放在哪里影响很大——它们只能在这种土壤里生长。 归纳拓展 difference 构成的其他短语: make some/much difference(to sb./sth.)(对某人/某物)有一些/很 大影响 make little/no difference(to sb./sth.)(对某人/某物)几乎没有/没 有影响 tell the difference区分/辨别不同 特别提醒 (1) 使用时要注意make a difference 中的a 变 成little/no/some/much/... 的情 况。 (2)注意在不同搭配中difference前面使用冠词a 和the的情况。 结合difference 的用法 完成句子 1.I am a doctor and I love my work because it _(对……有很大影响) the lives of others. 2 . ( 江 苏 高 考 阅 读 理 解 改 编 ) Before birth, babies can _ (辨别不同) between loud sounds and voices. 3 _ ( 对 我 没 有 影 响 ) whether he will go to the city or not. 【答案解析】 1.makes much/ a big/a great difference to2.tell the difference 3.It makes no difference to me Point 9 rather than 教材语境 P42 》Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight,things began to change.一旦我开始 考虑健康而非体重,情况就开始改变了。 用法详解 (1) rather than意为"而不是",常用于连接对 等的语法结构,它连接的对等的语法结构可以是动词、动 词不定式、名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、v-ing 或句子。 My brother is a sailor rather than an explorer.我哥哥是海 员,而不是探险者。 The old man is kind-hearted rather than foolish.那个老人是 好心,而不是傻。 Molly enjoys singing rather than dancing. 莫莉喜欢唱歌,而 不喜欢跳舞。 My friend asked me how I found the hole rather than how I escaped. 我朋友问我是怎样发现这个洞的,而不是问我怎 样逃出来的。 (2) rather than 连接的两个对等的语法结构作主语时,谓 语动词应与rather than 前面的语法结构在人称和数上保 持一致。具有相同用法的词语还有 as well as,with, besides等。 (3) You rather than I are going to go camping. 要去野营的是你,而不是我。 (4) The father rather than the sons is responsible for the accident. 应为这起事故负责的是那个父亲,而不是儿子们。 特别提醒…rather than 连接两个不定式时,后一个不定式常省略 to。 Austin wanted to swim rather than play volleyball.奥斯汀想去游 泳,不想去打排球。 小题集训 语法填空 1 .Facing up to your problems rather than _ (run)away from them is the best approach to working things out. 2 .We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite,rather than _(divide)us. 3.You rather than your sister _(be)to run the shop after your parents retire. 4.It is better to express your anger, rather than _ (hide)it in your heart. 【答案解析】 1. running。句意:勇于面 对你的问题而不是逃避它们是解决问 题的最好办法。rather than 连接的两个 对等的语法结构应该一致,根据Facing up to 可知答案为running。 2.divide 。 分析句子结构可知,此处 rather than连接的两个对等的语法结构 是unite 和空处,故填divide 3.are。rather than 连接的两个对等的语 法结构作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的语法结构在人称和数上保 持一致。 4.hide。本句中rather than 连接了两个 不定式,即to express your anger和空处。 此时,后一个不定式常省略to。 Point 10 cut out 教材语境 P42》Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed,I added healthy foods to my meals. 我不 再减少食用我喜爱的食物,而是增加健康食物的 摄入。 用法详解 (1)停止做(或使用、食用) Since my last heart attack,I've cut fatty foods out altogether.我自从上次心脏病发作,就彻底不吃高脂 食物了。 (2)删除,删去 You'd better cut out the last two paragraphs of your article.They have no connection with your topic.你最 好把你这篇文章中的最后两段删去。它们和你的话 题不沾边。 (3)剪下,割掉;剪出(某种形状) He cut out a picture from the newspaper he had just read.他从刚才读过的报纸上剪下一张图。 判断下列句子中cut out的含义 1.—Any suggestions for my daughter,doctor? —The advice is to cut out sugar and work out. 3. Traditionally,the Chinese people cut out the Chinese characters "Double Happiness and stick them onto walls or doors for weddings. 3.Since time is limited( 有 限 的 ) ,please cut out useless information in your speech. 【答案解析】 1 .停止做(或使用、食用)2.剪出(某种形状)。