Unit 1 Period Two Topic Talk&Lesson 1 Part Ⅱ Grammar Infinitives（课件PPT）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册（北师大版2019）

LIFE CHOICES UNIT 1　 Period Two　Topic Talk & Lesson 1 Part Ⅱ　Grammar—Infinitives 知识总览　领悟语法精髓 语法慧学　提升语言能力 目 录 Contents 课时作业(二) 随堂演练　核心素养落实 知识总览　领悟语法精髓 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 1 10 13 3 4 6 12 7 8 9 2 5 11 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 语法慧学　提升语言能力 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 随堂演练　核心素养落实 to open to enter to finish to change 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) to deal to catch to hear to be told 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) to work to remain 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) to take part in how to deal with to write to his father 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) to buy a new house for his parents to be a successful actress 返回目录 　 英语　必修　第一册(BS) 制 作 者：状元桥 适用对象：高中学生 制作软件：Powerpoint2010、 Photoshop cs3 运行环境：WindowsXP以上操作系统 感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题 1．It's so convenient to be able to compare the quality and prices from different online shops before I buy. 2．My mum keeps telling me to go out with my school friends instead. 3．Actually, I do know I need to drag myself away from the online world sometimes… 4．I like to set goals for myself. 5．I'm a “go-getter”—when I set out to do something, I do my best to achieve it. 6．I tend to set a goal for every subject at the beginning of each term. 7．My aim is to do well in every subject this term. 8．Biology is my favourite subject, and my target is to prepare myself for my degree in biology at university. 9．…so that I can have more free time to do other things that I'm interested in after school. 10．It always makes me excited to work hard and achieve a team goal together. 11．To achieve all I want, I must use my time well. 12．After school, I try to use any possible time to revise the things I have learnt during the day. 13．For example, it usually takes me 20 minutes to get home by bus. 动词不定式(短语)在句中可作主语，如句_____、句______和句______；可作宾语，如句_____，句_____，句_____和句______；可作表语，如句_____和句_____；可作定语，如句_____；可作宾补，如句_____；可作状语，如句_____和句______。 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等，但不能作谓语。 一、结构 基本结构：to＋动词原形，有时不定式符号to可以省略。 否定形式：not to＋动词原形。 不定式有形式和语态变化，通常有下表中的几种形式(以do为例)： 形　式 主　动 被　动 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing 完成进行式 to have been doing 二、用法 1．作主语 动词不定式作主语时，表示具体的或将来的行为，谓语动词用单数。 ►To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness one can seek. 爱与被爱是一个人所能寻找的最大幸福。 为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语放在句首，作主语的不定式常置于句末。 ►It would be better for you to go there. 你最好去那里。 [温馨提示](1)若要说明不定式表示的动作的发出者的话，要在不定式前加for引起的短语，构成“for＋名词(或代词宾格)＋不定式”短语，这一短语被称为不定式的复合结构。 (2)在“It is/was＋adj.＋不定式复合结构”句型中，当其中的形容词是说明逻辑主语的性质、品质时，要由of引出逻辑主语，不能用for。这类形容词主要有clever, careless, foolish, kind, nice, polite, silly, stupid, wise等。 ►It's easy for him to work out this maths problem.对他来说解出这道数学题很容易。 ►It was careless of him to make such a mistake. ＝He was careless to make such a mistake. 出了这样的错误，他太粗心了。 2．作表语 不定式在系动词后作表语，往往说明主语的具体内容，且含有将来意义。 ►The experience is to change his whole life. 这次经历将改变他的一生。 ►The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow.明天这些学生们将在学校大门口见面。 3．作宾语 (1)直接作及物动词的宾语 常见接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree(同意), aim(力求做到), choose(选择), decide(决定), demand(要求), expect(期待), fail(未履行), help(帮助), hope(希望), learn(学会), plan(计划), prepare(准备), refuse(拒绝), tend(往往会), want(想要), wish(希望)等。 ►The driver failed to see the other car in time.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 ►He has promised to help me with my English. 他已经答应帮我学英语了。 (2)“疑问词＋不定式”，不定式前可带what, who, which, where, when, how, whether等疑问词。 ►Please tell us how to deal with the haze. 请告诉我们如何应对雾霾。 ►I don't know which one to choose. 我不知道选哪一个。 (3)常用句型“主语＋v.＋it＋adj./n.＋to do sth”。其中，it为形式宾语，to do sth为真正的宾语。能用于这一句型的动词有：believe, consider, feel, find, make, suppose, think等。 ►I think it very useful to learn a foreign language. 我认为学一门外语很有用。 4．作定语 (1)动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。 ►Attention, please.I have something important to say.请注意，我有重要的事情要说。 ►Every day he made one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat. 他每天让一个小动物给他带来一些吃的东西。 (2)如果不定式是不及物动词，后面就应有必要的介词。 ►Give me a piece of paper to write on. 给我一张纸写字。 (3)当中心词为序数词、最高级、the last、the only等或中心词被这类词修饰时，常用不定式作定语。 ►She is hard-working and is always the first one to come every day. 她很勤奋，每天总是第一个来。 ►He is the only person to know the truth. 他是唯一了解真相的人。 5．作状语 (1)表示目的 ►She went to the hospital to see her grandfather yesterday.昨天她去医院看望了她的爷爷。 ►To keep up with others, he has been working very hard.为了赶上别人，他一直在努力工作。 [温馨提示]作目的状语的不定式之前常加上in order或so as，但so as不能位于句首。 ►She asked me to drive her to the airport in order to/so as to catch the 5：00 plane.为了赶上5点的飞机，她让我开车把她送到机场。 (2)表示结果 动词不定式作状语表示结果时常用如下结构： ①enough＋名词＋to do足够…… ②名词/形容词/副词＋enough＋to do足够…… ③too＋形容词/副词＋to do太……以至于不能…… ►The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.加利福尼亚号来得太晚了，以至于没能挽救更多的人。 [温馨提示]不定式短语表示结果时，常与only连用，暗示一种意外的结果。 ►He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.他匆忙赶到车站，却发现火车已经开走了。 (3)表示原因 不定式作原因状语，常用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后。 ►I'm sorry to hear your grandma is ill. 听说你奶奶生病了，我很难过。 在“be＋性质形容词＋不定式”结构中，常见的形容词有：easy, hard, difficult, interesting, good, comfortable, safe, dangerous, impossible等。 ►The box is not easy to carry. 这个箱子不易携带。 [温馨提示]此句型中to do不定式用主动形式表被动意义。 6．作宾补 (1)不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾补：ask, advise, allow, cause, encourage, expect, invite, notice, order, teach, tell, warn等。 ►My friend invited me to see the film Avatar yesterday. 昨天我的朋友邀请我去看了电影《阿凡达》。 ►Who taught you to play the music? 谁教你弹这支曲子的？ (2)使役动词 let, have, make后，感官动词see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel等后作宾补，省略to。get除外(get sb to do sth)。 ►The teacher made him say the word like this.老师让他像这样念这个单词。 [温馨提示]上述动词变为被动语态时不定式符号to不能省掉。 ►The children were seen to run down the street.有人看到孩子们沿着这条街跑了。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is ___________(open) a cafe. 2．The students aren't allowed ____________(enter) the lab on Sundays. 3．It is very difficult for us _____________(finish) the whole work in two days. 4．She didn't know this accident was _____________ (change) her own life. 5．I don't know how ___________(deal) with the problem in English. 6．The woman got up very early ____________(catch) the early bus that morning. 7．All of us were very surprised ___________(hear) that she had left the company. 8．The man hurried to his house, only ______________ (tell) that his son had been lost. 9．The man was made ___________(work) for 12 hours a day when he was 20 years old. 10．No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's better _____________(remain) silent. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．最后他得到了参加比赛的机会。 He was given a chance ___________________ the match at last. 2．她是新来的，所以不知道怎样处理这件事。 She is new here, so she doesn't know _____________ _______ this matter. 3．这个女人告诉她儿子尽快给他父亲写信。 The woman told her son __________________________ as soon as possible. 4．这个年轻人力争明年给父母买一套新房子。 The young man aims _____________________________ the next year. 5．她的梦想是大学毕业后当一名成功的演员。 Her dream is ______________________________ after she graduates from college. $$