welcome unit-2024-2025学年高一英语期中重点梳理+同步练习+单元语法（人教版2019必修第一册）

Welcome unit 重点词汇 1.exchange n.&vt. 交流，互换，兑换 n. in exchange for 作为与……的交换 exchange A for B 以A交换B vt. exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交流某物 exchange opinions/ideas/views 【即时训练】 ①我提供刷这个房子来交换一个星期的住宿(accommodations)。 ②我与经理握手并交谈了几句。 2.design n.&vt. 设计，构思，意图 词性拓展：designer n.设计师 make designs for...为……做设计 by design 故意地 design sth for 为……设计某物 be designed to do sth. 用于做…… 【即时训练】 ①这个课程是专门为12岁以下的孩子而设计的。 ②无法得知这事是有意安排的还是偶然发生的。 3.response n.回答，答复，反应 词性拓展：respond vt.&vi. 回答，做出反应； in response to... 作为对……的答复 make a/no response to... 对……作出/不作答复 respond to sb./sth. with sth. 以……回应…… 【即时训练】 ①听到敲门声，她打开了门。 ②布莱克先生老了，但是能够快速回应技术方面的改变。 4.anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的 词性拓展：anxiously adv.焦虑地；→anxiety n.担心，焦虑； be anxious for sb./about sth. 为……而担忧 adj. be anxious for sth. 渴望…… be anxious (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望（某人）做某事 be anxious that..... 渴望…… with anxiety 焦虑地 n. anxiety for 对……的渴望 anxiety about/ over 对……的忧虑 anxiety to do sth. 对做某事的渴望 【即时训练】 ①父母们为我们的健康和安全而担忧。 ②她渴望他们尽快离开她的房间。 ③我们渴望人人都了解实情。 5.annoyed adj.恼怒的，生气的 词性拓展：annoy v.使恼怒，使生气；→annoying adj.使人恼怒的，使人生气的； be annoyed with sb. 生某人的气 be annoyed about/at sth. 因某事生气 be annoyed to do 因做……而感到生气 【即时训练】 ①这么早被叫醒他很是气愤。 ②他对绕着它飞的惹人恼的苍蝇感到很生气。 ③别人忘记说谢谢真的会让我生气。 6.frightened adj.惊吓的，害怕的 词性拓展：frightening adj.令人恐惧的；→frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐，吓唬；→fright n.惊吓 be frightened to do sth. 因做某事而感到害怕； be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做某事 be frightened at... 对……而感到惊恐 frighten sb.into/out of doing sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事 【即时训练】 ①他总想着恐吓人们按他的意愿做事。 ②当你看到可怕的急流和瀑布时，你会感到十分害怕。 7.impression n.印象，感想，影响 词性拓展：impress v.给……留下深刻印象，使铭记；→impressive adj.给人印象深刻的，令人赞叹的。 Hangzhou is really an impressive place. The famous West Lake always leaves a deep impression on the visitors. I was deeply impressed by its beauty the first time I saw it. have a(n)...impression of... 对……有……的印象 n. leave/make a(n)...impression on sb. 给某人留下……的印象 be under the impression that... 以为…… be impressed with/by sth. 对某事印象深刻 v. impress sth. on sb. 使某人牢记某事 be impressed on sb’s mind/memory 印入某人的脑海/记忆中 【即时训练】 ①这位新老师给学生们留下了一个好印象。 ②外国的学生对独特的(unique)中国茶和茶具印象深刻。 ③我对他的第一印象是他是一个善良的和体贴的年轻人。 8.explore v.探索，考察，探讨 词性拓展：exploration n.探索，探测；→explorer n.探险者，考察者； 9.confident adj.自信的；确信的，有把握的 词性拓展：confidently adv.自信地，大胆地；→confidence n.信心，自信； be confident about... 对……有信心 adj. be confident of (doing) sth. 对……有把握 be confident that... 确信…… with confidence 有把握 n. have confidence in... 对……有信心 have confidence to do sth. 有信心做…… 【即时训练】 ①很多学生对他们自己不自信，所以他们很害怕在公共场合演讲。 ②我确信我会成功的。 10.reflect vi.&vt. 认真思考，沉思；反射（声、光、热等），映出，显示，表明； 词性拓展：reflection n.反映，沉思； reflect that/wh-... 认真思考/沉思…… reflect on sth. 认真思考 reflect sb./sth. In sth. 在某物里映出某人/某物 reflect sth. 显示/表明某物 【即时训练】 ①她能在他眼里看到自己的倒影。 ②经理正在思考如何解决这个问题。 11.organize vt.组织，筹备，安排 词性拓展：organization n.组织，机构；→organized adj.有组织的，有条理的；→organizer n.组织者 Mr. Black, who is a very organized person, works as the president of a large international organization.He is busy organizing a conference to be held next week with other organizers. 12.curious adj.好奇的 词性拓展：curiously adv.好奇地；→curiosity n.好奇心； The boy was curious to know what the bag contained, so out of curiosity, he opened it and saw the things inside, which satisfied his curiosity. be curious about 对……好奇 be curious to do sth. 极想做…… with curiosity 怀着好奇心 out of curiosity 出于好奇 【即时训练】 ①一般来说，孩子们对周围的一切都很好奇。 ②她很想知道世界上正在发生什么。 13.company n.公司；客人，同伴们；作伴，陪伴； 词性拓展：accompany 陪伴，为……伴奏；伴奏 in company with 与……一起 keep sb. company 陪伴某人 【即时训练】 我相信我们会过得很愉快，喜欢彼此陪伴。 14.depend v.依赖，依赖； 词性拓展：dependence n.依赖，依靠；→independence n.独立；→dependent adj.依靠的；→independent adj.独立的，不受影响的； It/That (all) depends. 那得看情况而定。 be independent of 不依靠……，不受……影响 depend on sb. for sth. 依靠某人取得某物 depend on sb./sb’s doing sth. 相信（指望）某人做…… depend on sb. to do sth. 依靠某人做…… depend on it that...相信（指望）…… 【即时训练】 ①他依靠写作赚取收入。 ②你可以相信当需要的时候他将会给你帮助。 重点词组 1.concentrate on 专心于，集中精力于…… 词性拓展：concentration n.专心，专注 为了成功，你应该集中精力于你正在做的事情。 2.leave...alone 让……一个人待着，不干涉；不管，不理 拓展词组： - 1 - 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 leave aside 搁置一边，不予考虑； leave off 停止（做……） leave behind 留下，遗留 leave out 遗漏，不包括 leave for 动身前往 leave sth. to sb. 把某物留给某人 3.look forward to期盼 拓展词组： look back on 回顾 look into 调查 look out for 当心，留意 look up to 仰慕，尊敬 look ahead 向前看，为将来打算 look down on 瞧不起 注意：to做介词的短语 lead to 导致　　　　　　　 refer to 参考，提及 stick to 坚持 object to 反对 devote to 献身于 add to 增加 pay attention to 注意 be used to 习惯于 when it comes to 当提及…… 4.add... to...把……加到…… 拓展词组： 5.decide on选定，决定 词性拓展：decision n.决定；→decisive adj.决定性的，果断的； After a heated discussion they decide on holding a party on Friday next week. That was one of the best decision they had made, because they decided to collect money for the homeless at the party. 重点句型 1.what if...? 句型 What if we failed in the last exam? What if we go and see a film tomorrow night? 【即时训练】 ①万一我生病不能去学校的话怎么办？ ②如果李雷发现你把他的自行车弄丢了怎么办？ 2.the same...as...结构 对比： This is the same pen as I lost last week. This is the same pen that I lost last week. 归纳总结： 当先行词是the same...时，若定语从句中缺的是 成分时，用关系代词 ；若定语从句中缺的是 成分时，用关系副词 ； 【即时训练】 ①我有和你昨天买的一样的杂志。 ②这就是我们去年在那里拍照的那个博物馆。 3.动名词短语做主语&不定式做主语 Having a balanced diet is very important. To sweep the floor is my duty every day. Rose’s coming won’t be of much help. 动名词做主语时用it做形式主语的句型： It is no use/no good/fun/ a waste of time doing sth. It is useless/worth/worthwhile doing shit. 【即时训练】 ①如果你想要成功，讲太多而根本不做任何事是没有用的。 ②忽略两者之间的差别将会是你犯的最严重的错误之一。 4.find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. 用法拓展： ①find+n./pron.＋过去分词(表示被动或动作已完成) 当他到达的时候，他发现所有的工作都已做完了。 ②find+n./pron.＋现在分词(表示主动或动作正在进行) 她进屋时，发现他们正坐在一起唱歌。 ③find+n./pron.+副词 我在回家的路上去拜访她，发现她不在家。 ④find+n./pron.+介词短语 简发现自己来到了一个不同的世界。 ⑤find+n./pron.+形容词 她回到英国，发现自己竟出名了 课后习题 一、词汇题 1.There was an (尴尬的) moment when she didn’t know what she should do. 2.The official had to give a (正式的) public apology for what he had said. 3.Do you know that a lot more students have (注册) for English classes this term than we expected? 4.Everyone was (好奇的) as to why Mark was leaving. 5.With only her thoughts for (陪伴), she walked slowly along the seafront. 6.She has a very warm (性格). Everyone likes her. 7.What's your (国籍)? In other words, which country are you from? 8.Many people are against the idea of (实验) on animals. 9.Exercises like walking or running not only bring energy but also build (信心). 10.It isn't a good (策略) to let him go on holiday alone. 11.The staff should work together to (修改) the school courses. 12.I'm going to use this tour of going abroad to (探索) the history of the old Pyramid. 13.This is the first time that I have been invited to give a (讲座) to the students in this school. 14.During our times of trouble, only a friend comes (向前) and gives us encouragement and hope. 15. (交换)students are usually students who spend a few weeks or a year in a foreign country. 二、短语填空 1.Her speech (留下好印象) on the people present, especially the young. 2. (如果……将会怎么样) it rained and then froze all through those months? 3.Young children have a limited attention span and can't (集中精力于) one activity for very long. 4.These schools include primary, junior high, and (高中). 5.Each of us can not (不理会) other people's work and live alone in a civilized society. 6.You should (记笔记) when you listen to a lecture. 7.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill which school education (依靠). 8.Tom gave Helen an apple (交换) a piece of cake. 9.As far as I know, the course (为……设计) beginners. 10.We must (选定) a topic before we start to write. 11.The newly-built bridge (增添) the beauty of the city. 三、语法填空 1.I want students to thoroughly study the materials and exchange their ideas each other in the classroom. 2.The whole class waited with (anxious) for the results of the examination. 3.It is (annoy) that I have to put up with his bad temper. 4.Seeing from his look, I can say Mr. Li is at our arrival at this time.(annoy) 5.We had lots of fun at Mary’s party last Sunday and it was an (impress) memory. 6.With his diligence and (concentrate), he is bound to succeed in entering his ideal university. 7. by the highly accomplished , the new was supposed to have consumers beating a path to our door.(design) 8.Mrs Henry took the police back to the same place she witnessed the robbery. 9.I looked up and noticed a snake (wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. 10.The lost boy was last seen (play) at the river side. 11.It is no good completely (ban) students surfing the Internet. 12.- The weather turns out to be fine. - We can depend on that the goods will be shipped to the flooded area on time. 13.No matter you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope. 14.How many students have registered English classes? 15.Sorry, I didn't mean to frighten you doing that. 16.They found themselves (lock) in a house. 17.Before class the teacher organized his (think) carefully. 18.Out of (curious), the girl can't wait to open the envelope. 19.After her husband passed away, Bessie was glad to have the dog company. 20.You can also explore Frick’s beautiful home and garden are well worth visiting. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.我们学生应该经常和父母交换意见。 We students should often our parents. 2.他对自己如此容易屈服很生气。 He giving in so easily. 3.她家里很穷，因此这个女孩急于完成学业找一份工作。 Her family was poor, so the girl finish school and get a job. 4.我姐姐为了在我生病期间陪我，从美国回来了。 My sister has come back from America to during my illness. 5.她甜甜的微笑给我们留下了深刻的印象。 Her sweet smile . We her sweet smile. Her sweet smile us. 6.如果你想实现自己的目标，你必须尽你所能。 You must try your best if you want to . 五、分析以下句子的句子类型及划线部分成分。 1.Our grandpa often tells us stories about Chairman Mao on Sundays. 2.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. 3.To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. 4.The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. 5.The truth is that he has never been abroad. 6.I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. 7.She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. 8.He began to learn English when he was eleven. 9.With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. 10.He found it important to master English. 11.He noticed a man enter the room. 12.There is going to be an American film tonight. 13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 14.He managed to finish the work in time. 15.Tom came to ask me for advice. 16. Would you please tell me your address? 六、题型题 完形填空 (福建厦门2021-2022高一上期末真题) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was little, I spent much time at my grandfather's house, watching him paint all day long. What I remember most was how he 1 painting old ships. As I grew up, we hardly 2 . I noticed he didn't really 3 much anymore. About a year ago, he had a heart attack. In and out of the 1 for a while, he recovered but was still 5 ,moving around his house in a wheelchair. Then, I started 6 his house and we began to talk more. We discussed life and our interests. Every time I 7 , he wanted to talk a lot. I figured he was lonely and enjoyed the 8 . Wondering why he didn't start painting again, I made it a point to casually (不经意地) 9 it when I came over, telling him often that he should paint again. It 10 ! He started sending me to buy paint and poster boards. He asked me about colors and 11 me his paintings. I loved the way he painted the 12 ships. He looked happier. Painting seemed to have brought back some 13 part of him. Cleaning for my grandpa has brought us closer. Despite his seventy-five years of age, I 14 to discourage him from painting. Days like these are 15 , and I enjoy the little moments. 1. A. missed B. loved C. avoided D. started 2. A. fought B. explored C. traveled D. spoke 3. A. paint B. laugh C. exercise D. care 4. A. office B. hospital C. ship D. city 5. A. positive B. busy C. calm D. weak 6. A. searching B. repairing C. cleaning D. sharing 7 A. set off B. turned up C. looked around D. called back 8. A. rest B. freedom C. challenge D. company 9. A. drop B. answer C. mention D. request 10. A. worked B. continued C. happened D. appeared 11. A. lent B. showed C. promised D. delivered 12. A. foreign B. broken C. empty D. ancient 13. A. fun B. smart C. youthful D. secret 14. A. refuse B. decide C. attempt D. fail 15. A. specific B. ordinary C. valuable D. long 阅读理解（厦门一中2022-2023年高一下期末卷） Robert Sansone, the winner of the 2022 George D.Yancopoulos Innovator Award, is a natural born engineer. From robotic hands to high-speed running boots, Sansone has worked on at least sixty engineering projects to date in his spare time. And he's only 17 years old. A couple years ago, Sansone came across a video about the advantages and disadvantages of electric cars. It explains that most electric car engines use rare-earth elements, which are costly, both financially and environmentally. In fact, l kg of the rare-earth materials in question can cost up to several hundred dollars. With that sustainability issue, he wanted to solve it, so he tried and designed a different motor (发动机). His new motor, on the other hand, uses copper,which costs around $8 for 1kg. The highschooler had heard of a type of electric motor--the Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SRM同步磁阻电动机)一that doesn't use these rare-earth materials. This kind of motor is currently used for pumps and fans, but it isn't powerful enough by itself to be used in an electric vehicle. So, Sansone started brainstorming ways he could improve its performance. For over a year Sansone worked on the motor. It needed to be more efficient and have more rotational (旋转) force. The new motor was made from 3-D printed plastic, copper wires and a steel rotor and tested using a variety of meters to measure power. Sansone is now working on version 16 of his motor, which he plans to build out of stronger materials so he can test it at higher revolutions per minute. As a rising senior, Sansone has dreamed of attending Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). His winnings from competitions will go toward college tuition. If his motor continues to perform with high speed and efficiency, he says he'll move forward and cooperate with car companies. He hopes that one day his motor will be the design of choice for electric vehicles. 1. What is the author's purpose in writing paragraph 2? A. To explain the use of electric car engines. B. To stress the cost of the rare-earth materials. C. To introduce a video of previous electric cars. D. To show Sansone's inspiration for his new motor. 2.Which aspect does Sansone mainly want to improve in SRM? A. Its cost. B. Its size. C. Its power. D.Its weight. 3.What can we leam from the last paragraph? A He is studying in the MIT. B. He aims high for his motor. G.He has started a motor company. D He will enter a new competition. 27.Which of the following best describes Robert Sansone? A. Gifted and determined. B. Caring and outgoing. C. Humorous and energetic. D. Generous and hard-working. 七选五阅读（厦门一中2022-2023年高一下期末卷） 第二节 阅读理解 根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We welcomed a daughter into the world yesterday. One day, when she needs financial advice, here's what I'll tell her. It is easy to assume that wealth and poverty (贫困) are caused by the choices we make, but chance plays a bigger role than most people want to admit. 1 But realize not all success is due to hard work, and not all poverty is due to laziness. Keep this in mind when judging people, including yourself. Everything has a price. The price of a busy job is time away from friends and family. The price of spoiling (宠溺) kids is their sheltered life. Most of those prices are hidden. 2 Accepting this, you'll view things like time and relationships as valuable as cash. I believe the highest benefit of money is the ability to control your time. Being able to do what you want, when you want, where you want, with whom you want, for as long as you want, provides a lasting happiness greater than any fancy things can offer. 3 Having enough savings to give you time and options never gets old. 4 You have more control over it than your income. The person who makes $50,000 but only needs $40,000 to be happy is richer than the person who makes $150,000 but needs $151,000 to be happy. As Napoleon defined, a military talent is the person “who can do the average thing when everyone else is losing his mind”. 5 You don't need to do amazing things to end up OK. Avoiding terrible mistakes is more powerful than any fancy finance tips. A.We're not going to spoil you. B. Managing money is the same. C.I want you to believe in the values of hard work. D. Learning how to live with less is very important. E. You just have to not mess up for long periods of time. F. The excitement of having fancy things wears off quickly. G. They're often worth paying, but never ignore that they are true costs. 短文填空（(福建厦门2021-2022高一上期末真题） 阅读短文A、B、C,在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的 空白处用括号内所给的词的正确形式填空。 A In 1976, one of the most deadly earthquakes of 1. 20th century hit Tangshan. In less than one minute, the large city 2. (lie) in ruins. Two thirds of the people 3. lived there were dead or injured. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. But hope was not lost. Rescuers from all over the country came to help. 4. (slow), the city began to breathe again. B Chinese idioms, or chengyu, are idiomatic expressions that are usually made up of four 5. (character). Most of them date back to stories recorded in ancient classics, and are still alive in spoken language and writing. In addition to 6. (record) them in books, people have also moved on to the online platforms. Also, with the help of virtual reality, learners can bury 7. (they) in learning cultural stories, enjoying a great learning experience. C Last month, Yu Zhongqi, a student of Tsinghua University, 8. (choose) as an Olympic Family Assistant by the Beijing Organising Committee. In his mind, from Welcome to Beijing (a theme song for 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics) 9. Together for a Shared Future （official motto of 2022 Winter Olympics）, China is consistent （一贯的）in showing a welcome to the world, and he hopes the world can gain a 10. (good) understanding of China than ever. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Welcome unit 重点词汇 1.exchange n.&vt. 交流，互换，兑换 n. in exchange for 作为与……的交换 exchange A for B 以A交换B vt. exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交流某物 exchange opinions/ideas/views 【即时训练】 ①我提供刷这个房子来交换一个星期的住宿(accommodations)。 I have offer to paint the house in exchange for one week’s accommodations. ②我与经理握手并交谈了几句。 I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager. 2.design n.&vt. 设计，构思，意图 词性拓展：designer n.设计师 make designs for...为……做设计 by design 故意地 design sth for 为……设计某物 be designed to do sth. 用于做…… 【即时训练】 ①这个课程是专门为12岁以下的孩子而设计的。 The course is specially designed for the kids under 12. ②无法得知这事是有意安排的还是偶然发生的。 Whether this happened by design or by chance is unknown. 3.response n.回答，答复，反应 词性拓展：respond vt.&vi. 回答，做出反应； in response to... 作为对……的答复 make a/no response to... 对……作出/不作答复 respond to sb./sth. with sth. 以……回应…… 【即时训练】 ①听到敲门声，她打开了门。 She opened the door in response to the knock at the door. ②布莱克先生老了，但是能够快速回应技术方面的改变。 Mr Black was old, but able to respond quickly to changes in technology. 4.anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的 词性拓展：anxiously adv.焦虑地；→anxiety n.担心，焦虑； be anxious for sb./about sth. 为……而担忧 adj. be anxious for sth. 渴望…… be anxious (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望（某人）做某事 be anxious that..... 渴望…… with anxiety 焦虑地 n. anxiety for 对……的渴望 anxiety about/ over 对……的忧虑 anxiety to do sth. 对做某事的渴望 【即时训练】 ①父母们为我们的健康和安全而担忧。 Parents are anxious about our health and safety. ②她渴望他们尽快离开她的房间。 She was anxious for them to leave her room as soon as possible. ③我们渴望人人都了解实情。 We were anxious that everyone (should) know the truth. 5.annoyed adj.恼怒的，生气的 词性拓展：annoy v.使恼怒，使生气；→annoying adj.使人恼怒的，使人生气的； be annoyed with sb. 生某人的气 be annoyed about/at sth. 因某事生气 be annoyed to do 因做……而感到生气 【即时训练】 ①这么早被叫醒他很是气愤。 He was annoyed at being woken up so early. ②他对绕着它飞的惹人恼的苍蝇感到很生气。 He got annoyed with the annoying flies flying around him. ③别人忘记说谢谢真的会让我生气。 It really annoys me when people forget to say thank you. 6.frightened adj.惊吓的，害怕的 词性拓展：frightening adj.令人恐惧的；→frighten vt.使惊吓，使惊恐，吓唬；→fright n.惊吓 be frightened to do sth. 因做某事而感到害怕； be frightened of doing sth. 害怕做某事 be frightened at... 对……而感到惊恐 frighten sb.into/out of doing sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事 【即时训练】 ①他总想着恐吓人们按他的意愿做事。 He always frightens people into doing what he wants. ②当你看到可怕的急流和瀑布时，你会感到十分害怕。 You may be frightened when you see the frightening rapids and waterfalls. 7.impression n.印象，感想，影响 词性拓展：impress v.给……留下深刻印象，使铭记；→impressive adj.给人印象深刻的，令人赞叹的。 Hangzhou is really an impressive place. The famous West Lake always leaves a deep impression on the visitors. I was deeply impressed by its beauty the first time I saw it. have a(n)...impression of... 对……有……的印象 n. leave/make a(n)...impression on sb. 给某人留下……的印象 be under the impression that... 以为…… be impressed with/by sth. 对某事印象深刻 v. impress sth. on sb. 使某人牢记某事 be impressed on sb’s mind/memory 印入某人的脑海/记忆中 【即时训练】 ①这位新老师给学生们留下了一个好印象。 The new teacher made a good impression on the students. ②外国的学生对独特的(unique)中国茶和茶具印象深刻。 The foreign students are impressed by the unique Chinese tea and tea sets. ③我对他的第一印象是他是一个善良的和体贴的年轻人。 My first impression of him was that he was a kind and considerate young man. 8.explore v.探索，考察，探讨 词性拓展：exploration n.探索，探测；→explorer n.探险者，考察者； 9.confident adj.自信的；确信的，有把握的 词性拓展：confidently adv.自信地，大胆地；→confidence n.信心，自信； be confident about... 对……有信心 adj. be confident of (doing) sth. 对……有把握 be confident that... 确信…… with confidence 有把握 n. have confidence in... 对……有信心 have confidence to do sth. 有信心做…… 【即时训练】 ①很多学生对他们自己不自信，所以他们很害怕在公共场合演讲。 Many students are not confident about themselves, so they are afraid to speak in public. ②我确信我会成功的。 I am confident of my success. I am confident that I will succeed. 10.reflect vi.&vt. 认真思考，沉思；反射（声、光、热等），映出，显示，表明； 词性拓展：reflection n.反映，沉思； reflect that/wh-... 认真思考/沉思…… reflect on sth. 认真思考 reflect sb./sth. In sth. 在某物里映出某人/某物 reflect sth. 显示/表明某物 【即时训练】 ①她能在他眼里看到自己的倒影。 She could see her reflection in his eyes. ②经理正在思考如何解决这个问题。 The manager is reflecting on how to solve the problem. 11.organize vt.组织，筹备，安排 词性拓展：organization n.组织，机构；→organized adj.有组织的，有条理的；→organizer n.组织者 Mr. Black, who is a very organized person, works as the president of a large international organization.He is busy organizing a conference to be held next week with other organizers. 12.curious adj.好奇的 词性拓展：curiously adv.好奇地；→curiosity n.好奇心； The boy was curious to know what the bag contained, so out of curiosity, he opened it and saw the things inside, which satisfied his curiosity. be curious about 对……好奇 be curious to do sth. 极想做…… with curiosity 怀着好奇心 out of curiosity 出于好奇 【即时训练】 ①一般来说，孩子们对周围的一切都很好奇。 Generally speaking, almost all the kids are curious about everything around them. ②她很想知道世界上正在发生什么。 She was curious to know what was going on around the world. 13.company n.公司；客人，同伴们；作伴，陪伴； 词性拓展：accompany 陪伴，为……伴奏；伴奏 in company with 与……一起 keep sb. company 陪伴某人 【即时训练】 我相信我们会过得很愉快，喜欢彼此陪伴。 I'm sure we'll have a great time and enjoy each other's company. 14.depend v.依赖，依赖； 词性拓展：dependence n.依赖，依靠；→independence n.独立；→dependent adj.依靠的；→independent adj.独立的，不受影响的； It/That (all) depends. 那得看情况而定。 be independent of 不依靠……，不受……影响 depend on sb. for sth. 依靠某人取得某物 depend on sb./sb’s doing sth. 相信（指望）某人做…… depend on sb. to do sth. 依靠某人做…… depend on it that...相信（指望）…… 【即时训练】 ①他依靠写作赚取收入。 He depended on his writing for his income. ②你可以相信当需要的时候他将会给你帮助。 You can depend on it that he will come to your help when needed. 重点词组 1.concentrate on 专心于，集中精力于…… 词性拓展：concentration n.专心，专注 为了成功，你应该集中精力于你正在做的事情。 In order to be successful, you should concentrate on what you are doing. 2.leave...alone 让……一个人待着，不干涉；不管，不理 She was asked to be left alone but the photographers followed her all the way. 拓展词组： - 1 - 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 leave aside 搁置一边，不予考虑； leave off 停止（做……） leave behind 留下，遗留 leave out 遗漏，不包括 leave for 动身前往 leave sth. to sb. 把某物留给某人 3.look forward to期盼 拓展词组： look back on 回顾 look into 调查 look out for 当心，留意 look up to 仰慕，尊敬 look ahead 向前看，为将来打算 look down on 瞧不起 注意：to做介词的短语 lead to 导致　　　　　　　 refer to 参考，提及 stick to 坚持 object to 反对 devote to 献身于 add to 增加 pay attention to 注意 be used to 习惯于 when it comes to 当提及…… 4.add... to...把……加到…… 拓展词组： 5.decide on选定，决定 词性拓展：decision n.决定；→decisive adj.决定性的，果断的； After a heated discussion they decide on holding a party on Friday next week. That was one of the best decision they had made, because they decided to collect money for the homeless at the party. 重点句型 1.what if...? 句型 What if we failed in the last exam? What if we go and see a film tomorrow night? 【即时训练】 ①万一我生病不能去学校的话怎么办？ What if I get sick and can't go to school? ②如果李雷发现你把他的自行车弄丢了怎么办？ What if Li Lei finds out that you have lost his bike? 2.the same...as...结构 对比： This is the same pen as I lost last week. This is the same pen that I lost last week. 归纳总结： 当先行词是the same...时，若定语从句中缺的是 成分时，用关系代词 ；若定语从句中缺的是 成分时，用关系副词 ； 【即时训练】 ①我有和你昨天买的一样的杂志。 I have the same magazine as you bought yesterday. ②这就是我们去年在那里拍照的那个博物馆。 This is the same museum where we took photos last year. 3.动名词短语做主语&不定式做主语 Having a balanced diet is very important. To sweep the floor is my duty every day. Rose’s coming won’t be of much help. 动名词做主语时用it做形式主语的句型： It is no use/no good/fun/ a waste of time doing sth. It is useless/worth/worthwhile doing shit. 【即时训练】 ①如果你想要成功，讲太多而根本不做任何事是没有用的。 If you want to succeed, it's no use talking too much and doing nothing at all. ②忽略两者之间的差别将会是你犯的最严重的错误之一。 Ignoring the difference between the two is one of the worst mistakes you can make. 4.find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. 用法拓展： ①find+n./pron.＋过去分词(表示被动或动作已完成) 当他到达的时候，他发现所有的工作都已做完了。 When he arrived, he found all the work finished. ②find+n./pron.＋现在分词(表示主动或动作正在进行) 她进屋时，发现他们正坐在一起唱歌。 When she entered the room, she found them sitting together singing. ③find+n./pron.+副词 我在回家的路上去拜访她，发现她不在家。 I called on her on my way home and found her out. ④find+n./pron.+介词短语 简发现自己来到了一个不同的世界。 Jane found herself in a different world. ⑤find+n./pron.+形容词 她回到英国，发现自己竟出名了 She returned to England to find herself famous. 课后习题 一、词汇题 1.There was an (尴尬的) moment when she didn’t know what she should do. 2.The official had to give a (正式的) public apology for what he had said. 3.Do you know that a lot more students have (注册) for English classes this term than we expected? 4.Everyone was (好奇的) as to why Mark was leaving. 5.With only her thoughts for (陪伴), she walked slowly along the seafront. 6.She has a very warm (性格). Everyone likes her. 7.What's your (国籍)? In other words, which country are you from? 8.Many people are against the idea of (实验) on animals. 9.Exercises like walking or running not only bring energy but also build (信心). 10.It isn't a good (策略) to let him go on holiday alone. 11.The staff should work together to (修改) the school courses. 12.I'm going to use this tour of going abroad to (探索) the history of the old Pyramid. 13.This is the first time that I have been invited to give a (讲座) to the students in this school. 14.During our times of trouble, only a friend comes (向前) and gives us encouragement and hope. 15. (交换)students are usually students who spend a few weeks or a year in a foreign country. 答案：1.awkward, 2.formal, 3.registered, 4.curious, 5.company, 6.personality, 7.nationality, 8.experiments, 9.confidence, 10.strategy, 11.revise, 12.explore, 13.lecture, 14.forward, 15.Exchange 二、短语填空 1.Her speech (留下好印象) on the people present, especially the young. 2. (如果……将会怎么样) it rained and then froze all through those months? 3.Young children have a limited attention span and can't (集中精力于) one activity for very long. 4.These schools include primary, junior high, and (高中). 5.Each of us can not (不理会) other people's work and live alone in a civilized society. 6.You should (记笔记) when you listen to a lecture. 7.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill which school education (依靠). 8.Tom gave Helen an apple (交换) a piece of cake. 9.As far as I know, the course (为……设计) beginners. 10.We must (选定) a topic before we start to write. 11.The newly-built bridge (增添) the beauty of the city. 答案：1.left a good impression, 2.What if, 3.concentrate on, 4.senior high school, 5.leave alone, 6.take notes, 7.to depend on, 8.in exchange for, 9.is designed for, 10.decide on, 11.adds to 三、语法填空 1.I want students to thoroughly study the materials and exchange their ideas each other in the classroom. 2.The whole class waited with (anxious) for the results of the examination. 3.It is (annoy) that I have to put up with his bad temper. 4.Seeing from his look, I can say Mr. Li is at our arrival at this time.(annoy) 5.We had lots of fun at Mary’s party last Sunday and it was an (impress) memory. 6.With his diligence and (concentrate), he is bound to succeed in entering his ideal university. 7. by the highly accomplished , the new was supposed to have consumers beating a path to our door.(design) 8.Mrs Henry took the police back to the same place she witnessed the robbery. 9.I looked up and noticed a snake (wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. 10.The lost boy was last seen (play) at the river side. 11.It is no good completely (ban) students surfing the Internet. 12.- The weather turns out to be fine. - We can depend on that the goods will be shipped to the flooded area on time. 13. No matter you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope. 14. How many students have registered English classes? 15. Sorry, I didn't mean to frighten you doing that. 16. They found themselves (lock) in a house. 17. Before class the teacher organized his (think) carefully. 18. Out of (curious), the girl can't wait to open the envelope. 19. After her husband passed away, Bessie was glad to have the dog company. 20. You can also explore Frick’s beautiful home and garden are well worth visiting. 答案：1.with, 2.anxiety, 3.annoying, 4.annoyed, annoyed, 5.impressive, 6.concentration, 7.Designed, designer, design, 8.where, 9.winding, 10.playing, 11.banning, from, 12.it, 13.what, 14.for, 15.into, 16.locked, 17.thoughts, 18.curiosity, 19.in, 20.that/which 4、 根据汉语意思完成句子 1.我们学生应该经常和父母交换意见。 We students should often our parents. 2.他对自己如此容易屈服很生气。 He giving in so easily. 3.她家里很穷，因此这个女孩急于完成学业找一份工作。 Her family was poor, so the girl finish school and get a job. 4.我姐姐为了在我生病期间陪我，从美国回来了。 My sister has come back from America to during my illness. 5.她甜甜的微笑给我们留下了深刻的印象。 Her sweet smile . We her sweet smile. Her sweet smile us. 6.如果你想实现自己的目标，你必须尽你所能。 You must try your best if you want to . 答案： 1.exchange opinions/ideas with 2.is annoyed about/at himself 3.was anxious to 4.keep me company 5.impressed us deeply,are impressed with/by,leaves an impression on 6.achieve your goals 五、分析以下句子的句子类型及划线部分成分。 1.Our grandpa often tells us stories about Chairman Mao on Sundays. 2.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. 3.To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. 4.The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. 5.The truth is that he has never been abroad. 6.I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. 7.She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. 8.He began to learn English when he was eleven. 9.With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. 10.He found it important to master English. 11.He noticed a man enter the room. 12.There is going to be an American film tonight. 13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 14.He managed to finish the work in time. 15.Tom came to ask me for advice. 16. Would you please tell me your address? 答案： 1.句型：S+V+IO+DO，成分：间接宾语DO，状语A 2.句型：句型：S+V+O，成分：状语A，谓语V 3.句型：S+V+P，成分：主语S，表语P 4.句型：S+V+O，成分：定语，宾语 5.句型：S+V+P，成分：表语P 6.句型：S+V+O，成分：宾语O 7.句型：S+V+O+OC，成分：宾补OC 8.句型：6.句型：S+V+O，成分：状语A 9.句型：S+V，成分：，成分：状语A 10.句型：S+V+O+OC，成分：宾语O 11.句型：S+V+O+OC，成分：宾补OC 12.句型：there be句型，成分：主语S 13.句型：S+V+P，成分：宾语，宾补OC 14.句型：S+V+O，成分：谓语V，宾语O 15.句型：S+V，成分：状语A 16.句型：S+V+IO+DO，成分：直接宾语IO，间接宾语DO 六、题型题 完形填空 (福建厦门2021-2022高一上期末真题) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was little, I spent much time at my grandfather's house, watching him paint all day long. What I remember most was how he 1 painting old ships. As I grew up, we hardly 2 . I noticed he didn't really 3 much anymore. About a year ago, he had a heart attack. In and out of the 1 for a while, he recovered but was still 5 ,moving around his house in a wheelchair. Then, I started 6 his house and we began to talk more. We discussed life and our interests. Every time I 7 , he wanted to talk a lot. I figured he was lonely and enjoyed the 8 . Wondering why he didn't start painting again, I made it a point to casually (不经意地) 9 it when I came over, telling him often that he should paint again. It 10 ! He started sending me to buy paint and poster boards. He asked me about colors and 11 me his paintings. I loved the way he painted the 12 ships. He looked happier. Painting seemed to have brought back some 13 part of him. Cleaning for my grandpa has brought us closer. Despite his seventy-five years of age, I 14 to discourage him from painting. Days like these are 15 , and I enjoy the little moments. 1. A. missed B. loved C. avoided D. started 2. A. fought B. explored C. traveled D. spoke 3. A. paint B. laugh C. exercise D. care 4. A. office B. hospital C. ship D. city 5. A. positive B. busy C. calm D. weak 6. A. searching B. repairing C. cleaning D. sharing 7 A. set off B. turned up C. looked around D. called back 8. A. rest B. freedom C. challenge D. company 9. A. drop B. answer C. mention D. request 10. A. worked B. continued C. happened D. appeared 11. A. lent B. showed C. promised D. delivered 12. A. foreign B. broken C. empty D. ancient 13. A. fun B. smart C. youthful D. secret 14. A. refuse B. decide C. attempt D. fail 15. A. specific B. ordinary C. valuable D. long 答案：1-5 B D A B D 6-10 C B D C A 11-15 B D C A C 阅读理解（厦门一中2022-2023年高一下期末卷） Robert Sansone, the winner of the 2022 George D.Yancopoulos Innovator Award, is a natural born engineer. From robotic hands to high-speed running boots, Sansone has worked on at least sixty engineering projects to date in his spare time. And he's only 17 years old. A couple years ago, Sansone came across a video about the advantages and disadvantages of electric cars. It explains that most electric car engines use rare-earth elements, which are costly, both financially and environmentally. In fact, l kg of the rare-earth materials in question can cost up to several hundred dollars. With that sustainability issue, he wanted to solve it, so he tried and designed a different motor (发动机). His new motor, on the other hand, uses copper,which costs around $8 for 1kg. The highschooler had heard of a type of electric motor--the Synchronous Reluctance Motor (SRM同步磁阻电动机)一that doesn't use these rare-earth materials. This kind of motor is currently used for pumps and fans, but it isn't powerful enough by itself to be used in an electric vehicle. So, Sansone started brainstorming ways he could improve its performance. For over a year Sansone worked on the motor. It needed to be more efficient and have more rotational (旋转) force. The new motor was made from 3-D printed plastic, copper wires and a steel rotor and tested using a variety of meters to measure power. Sansone is now working on version 16 of his motor, which he plans to build out of stronger materials so he can test it at higher revolutions per minute. As a rising senior, Sansone has dreamed of attending Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). His winnings from competitions will go toward college tuition. If his motor continues to perform with high speed and efficiency, he says he'll move forward and cooperate with car companies. He hopes that one day his motor will be the design of choice for electric vehicles. 1. What is the author's purpose in writing paragraph 2? A. To explain the use of electric car engines. B. To stress the cost of the rare-earth materials. C. To introduce a video of previous electric cars. D. To show Sansone's inspiration for his new motor. 2.Which aspect does Sansone mainly want to improve in SRM? A. Its cost. B. Its size. C. Its power. D.Its weight. 3.What can we leam from the last paragraph? A He is studying in the MIT. B. He aims high for his motor. G.He has started a motor company. D He will enter a new competition. 4.Which of the following best describes Robert Sansone? A. Gifted and determined. B. Caring and outgoing. C. Humorous and energetic. D. Generous and hard-working. 答案：DCBA 七选五阅读（厦门一中2022-2023年高一下期末卷） 第二节 阅读理解 根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We welcomed a daughter into the world yesterday. One day, when she needs financial advice, here's what I'll tell her. It is easy to assume that wealth and poverty (贫困) are caused by the choices we make, but chance plays a bigger role than most people want to admit. 1 But realize not all success is due to hard work, and not all poverty is due to laziness. Keep this in mind when judging people, including yourself. Everything has a price. The price of a busy job is time away from friends and family. The price of spoiling (宠溺) kids is their sheltered life. Most of those prices are hidden. 2 Accepting this, you'll view things like time and relationships as valuable as cash. I believe the highest benefit of money is the ability to control your time. Being able to do what you want, when you want, where you want, with whom you want, for as long as you want, provides a lasting happiness greater than any fancy things can offer. 3 Having enough savings to give you time and options never gets old. 4 You have more control over it than your income. The person who makes $50,000 but only needs $40,000 to be happy is richer than the person who makes $150,000 but needs $151,000 to be happy. As Napoleon defined, a military talent is the person “who can do the average thing when everyone else is losing his mind”. 5 You don't need to do amazing things to end up OK. Avoiding terrible mistakes is more powerful than any fancy finance tips. A.We're not going to spoil you. B. Managing money is the same. C.I want you to believe in the values of hard work. D. Learning how to live with less is very important. E. You just have to not mess up for long periods of time. F. The excitement of having fancy things wears off quickly. G. They're often worth paying, but never ignore that they are true costs. 答案：CGFDB 短文填空（(福建厦门2021-2022高一上期末真题） 阅读短文A、B、C,在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的 空白处用括号内所给的词的正确形式填空。 A In 1976, one of the most deadly earthquakes of 1. 20th century hit Tangshan. In less than one minute, the large city 2. (lie) in ruins. Two thirds of the people 3. lived there were dead or injured. It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. But hope was not lost. Rescuers from all over the country came to help. 4. (slow), the city began to breathe again. B Chinese idioms, or chengyu, are idiomatic expressions that are usually made up of four 5. (character). Most of them date back to stories recorded in ancient classics, and are still alive in spoken language and writing. In addition to 6. (record) them in books, people have also moved on to the online platforms. Also, with the help of virtual reality, learners can bury 7. (they) in learning cultural stories, enjoying a great learning experience. C Last month, Yu Zhongqi, a student of Tsinghua University, 8. (choose) as an Olympic Family Assistant by the Beijing Organising Committee. In his mind, from Welcome to Beijing (a theme song for 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics) 9. Together for a Shared Future （official motto of 2022 Winter Olympics）, China is consistent （一贯的）in showing a welcome to the world, and he hopes the world can gain a 10. (good) understanding of China than ever. 答案：1. the, 2. lay, 3. who/that, 4. Slowly, 5.characters, 6. recording, 7. themselves, 8. was chosen, 9. to, 10. better 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$