Unit 4 词汇讲义--2024-2025学年人教版英语九年级全册

Unit 4 词汇讲义 名词 · background n. 背景 【构词】 + she has a background in nursing. the background of a story · shyness n. 害羞；腼腆 【构词】 + 【课文原句】 Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness. [形容词] 害羞的 【翻译】Jane以前是个很害羞的女孩，但现在她非常外向。 _ · ton n. 吨；(pl.) 大量；许多 【课文原句】I didn’t use to be popular in school, but now I get tons of attention everywhere I go. tons of attention · speech n. 讲话；发言 【课文原句】giving a speech in public give a speech = make a speech 【翻译】他们邀请他去演讲。 ______________________________________________________________ · Examination n. 考试；审查 【构词】 + 【课文原句】Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations. mid-examination final examination _ 考试不及格 · introduction n. 介绍 【构词】 - _______ + 【课文原句】: General introduction 自我介绍 做介绍 做一个常规的自我介绍 a general self-introduction 【词汇拓展】v. 介绍 介绍自己 【翻译】面试者通常被要求做一个自我介绍。(使用“介绍”的动词和名词的两种形式来翻译） · pride n. 自豪；骄傲 take pride in 为⋯⋯感到自豪 【课文原句】They take pride in everything good that I do. take pride in=be proud of “为……感到自豪”, in/of为介词,其后可接 . 【翻译】这位老师为她的学生自豪。 · insect n. 昆虫 【构词】 + 【课文原句】spiders and insects · ant n. 蚂蚁 【课文原句】likes studying ants · spider n. 蜘蛛 【课文原句】spiders and insects I don’t mind action movies like Spider-Man when I’m too tired to think.(unit 9） 动词 · deal v.（过去式 , 过去分词 ）对付；对待 【课文原句】. Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness. How should the students deal with the future? 【deal的其他用法】 It’s no big deal!/ It’s not a big deal! Make a deal Deal! [易混辨析]deal with与do with (1)deal with与do with两者都可以用来表示 “处理”,前者侧重于方式、方法,后者侧重于对象。 deal with与how连用,do with则与what连用。 I don’t know how they deal with the problem. = I don’t know what they do with the problem. (2)deal with还意为“应付;涉及”。 He’s good at dealing with pressure.他善于应付压力。 1. ---I don’t know how to________with this math problem. ---You can solve this problem________listening carefully in class. A. A.do;by　　　 B. deal;by C. do;in D. deal;with 2.---What’s wrong with you? ---I don’t know________stress from work and family. A. how to do with B. how to deal C. what to deal with D. what to do with · dare v. 敢于；胆敢 【课文原句】As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class, and then for the whole school. 敢于做某事 不敢做某事 [翻译]这个小男孩不敢独自过马路。 _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ · require v. 需要；要求 【课文原句】You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed. 要求某人做某事 某事需要被做 某人被要求去做某事 【翻译】 1. 这台车需要修理一下了 __________________________________________________- 2. 你需要做一个3分钟的自我介绍 ___________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ · fail v. 不及格；失败；未能（做到） 【课文原句】 Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations. 【反义词】_____________ v.成功 _________________及格 fail in sth/doing sth.表示“在某方面失败”,其反义短语是__________in sth/doing sth.。 fail to do sth.表示“未做成某事”。 fail (in) one’s examinations 考试不及格 He __________________ up the tall tree. 他未能爬上那棵高树。 He _________ his driving test.他驾照考试不及格。 Ü He ____________________ 他数学考试不及格。 形容词 · Humorous adj. 有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的 【构词】_________ + ___________ 【课文原句】The comedy(喜剧) has plenty of dialog which is very humorous(unit 9) 【n.幽默】____________ 幽默感________________________； 成就感________________________ 满足感________________________; 方向感________________________ 【翻译】Helen是一个如此幽默的学生,以至于她的同学有时会因为她的幽默感而大笑。 _______________________________________________________________________ · silent adj.不说话的；沉默的 【构词】_________ + ___________ 【课文原句】She was always silent in class. 【词汇拓展】n. 沉默__________________ 保持安静/沉默________________________；________________________ 沉默地__________________________ · Helpful adj. 有用的；有帮助的 【构词】_________ + ___________ 【课文原句】It is helpful _________(learn) as many of these customs as possible （unit 10） 【翻译】. 能说一门外语(foreign language)是非常有用的。 _____________________________________________________________ [help] v. 帮助 I was scared at first, but shouting did help. It helps my pronunciation. 寻求帮助________________ 帮某人某事 help sb. ________ sth 帮助某人做某事______________________ 帮助做某事__________________ It is also a good idea to help parents to do something. They believe it can help to bring good health. · proud adj. 自豪的；骄傲的 be proud of 为⋯⋯骄傲；感到自豪 = take pride in 【课文原句】I know my parents love me and they’re always proud of me,” You’ve all grown up so much and I’m so proud of you.(unit 14) · general adj. 总的；普遍的；常规的 n. 将军 【课文原句】General introduction about the changes in your life People are usually required to give a general self-introduction in a job interview. General introduction _________________________ Generally speaking _________________________ [n.] 将军 Finally, the king’s top general was told to go out and find a happy man in three days’ time.（unit 11） · private adj. 私人的；私密的 【课文原句】And I don’t have much private time anymore. 私人飞机________________ 私营企业_____________________ 私人信息________________ 【adv.】私下地______________________ · absent adj. 缺席；不在 【构词】_________ + ___________ 其名词形式是_______________ 【反义词】present adj. 在场的 All the students are present. 【课文原句】Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations. 没去上学______________________ 没去开会_______________________ · British adj. 英国（人）的 【课文原句】That British teacher is very __________. He always tells us interesting jokes. British accent 英国口音 ______________________英式英语 ______________________ 英国人 副词 · exactly adv. 确切地；精确地 【构词】_________ + ___________ 【课文原句】It was exactly what I needed. 【adj.】确切的，精确的 exact time 确切时间 · seldom adv. 不常；很少 【课文原句】When he was a little boy, he seldom caused any problems, and his family spent a lot of time together. 兼类词 · score n. & v. 得分；进球 【课文原句】 He studied hard and got good scores on his exams. Because of her, I put in more effort and my exam scores doubled.(unit 14) Get good scores ______________________ Get good grades ______________________ · interview v. 采访；面试 n. 面试；访谈 【构词】_________ + ___________ 【课文原句】For this month’s Young World magazine, I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang. 【词汇拓展】 Interviewer __________________ interviewee ________________________ · Asian adj. 亚洲（人）的 n. 亚洲人 【构词】_________ + ___________ 【n.】亚洲__________________ 【课文原句】For this month’s Young World magazine, I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang. However, in most Asian societies, it is not common for teenagers _______(move) out.(unit 7) · European adj. 欧洲（人）的 n. 欧洲人 【构词】_________ + ___________ 【n.】欧洲__________________ 【课文原句】Jerry used to read books on European history.He didn’t use to read books on African culture. European union __________________ 欧洲文化 _______________________ · African adj. 非洲（人）的 n. 非洲人 【构词】_________ + ___________ 【n.】非洲__________________ 【课文原句】Jerry used to read books on European history.He didn’t use to read books on African culture African America __________________ 非洲历史 _______________________ · public n. 民众 adj. 公开的；公众的 in public 公开地；在别人（尤指生人）面前 【课文原句】giving a speech in public And remember to throw rubbish in the bins and keep public places clean and beautiful for everyone.(unit 13) 公共交通 __________________ 公共卫生间 ___________________ 公开演讲 ___________________ [n.]民众 Environmental protection groups around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning(猎翅)”.(unit 13) · influence v. & n. 影响 【课文原句】Li Wen’s unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork. Many people praised him as the musician who has greatly influenced erhu music.(unit 9) influence vt,意为“影响”后可直接跟宾语 My parents have _________ ________ a lot.我的父母对我影响很大。 [n.] 影响 have an influence on... 对……有影响 have a great influence on...对……有_____影响 对……有好的/坏的影响________________________________ 【翻译】那些朋友对她有负面影响。 _______________________________________________________________ · guard n. 警卫；看守v. 守卫；保卫 【课文原句】 Hanging out with friends is almost impossible for me now because there are always guards around me. Hang out ___________ 在本句中是动词-ing形式短语作主语 Eg. ___________(Work) together with them helped me know much more about their life. 短语 · from time to time 时常；有时 【课文原句】She still plays the piano from time to time. Generally speaking, if you experience déjà vu from time to time, there is no need to worry about it.(unit 8). 【与时间相关的其他表达】 一直___________________ 及时____________________ 准时___________________ take one’s time__________________ time’s up ________________ next time _____________________ · in person 亲身；亲自 【课文原句】She advised them to talk with their son in person. 【翻译】你必须亲自签收（sign）这个包裹（package）。 ______________________________________________________________ 【短语】advise sb. (not) to do sth._________________________ 【翻译】我们的老师建议我们不要在河里游泳。 _______________________________________________________________ · boarding school 寄宿学校 Where is it? 【课文原句】Finally, Li Wen’s parents made the decision to send him to a boarding school. Unit 4 词汇讲义教师版本 名词 · background n. 背景 【构词】 back + ground she has a background in nursing. the background of a story 故事背景 · shyness n. 害羞；腼腆 【构词】 shy + ness 【课文原句】 Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness. [形容词] shy 害羞的 【翻译】Jane以前是个很害羞的女孩，但现在她非常外向。 Jane used to be shy, but now she is really outgoing _ · ton n. 吨；(pl.) 大量；许多 【课文原句】I didn’t use to be popular in school, but now I get tons of attention everywhere I go. tons of attention 大量的关注 · speech n. 讲话；发言 【课文原句】giving a speech in public give a speech = make a speech 【翻译】他们邀请他去演讲。 _____They invited him to give a speech_____________ · Examination n. 考试；审查 【构词】 examin + -ation(名词后缀） 【课文原句】Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations. mid-examination 期中考试 final examination 期末考试 _ 考试不及格 fail (in) one’s examination · introduction n. 介绍 【构词】 introduce - e + -tion 【课文原句】: General introduction 自我介绍 self-introduction 做介绍 make an introduction 做一个常规的自我介绍 make/give a general self-introduction 【词汇拓展】v. 介绍 introduce 介绍自己 introduce oneself 【翻译】面试者通常被要求做一个自我介绍。(使用“介绍”的动词和名词的两种形式来翻译） Interviewers are usually asked/required to make a self-introduction Interviewers are usually asked/required to introduce themselves · pride n. 自豪；骄傲 take pride in 为⋯⋯感到自豪 【课文原句】They take pride in everything good that I do. take pride in=be proud of “为……感到自豪”, in/of为介词,其后可接 n./pron/V-ing . 【翻译】这位老师为她的学生自豪。 The teacher is very proud of her students. The teacher takes pride in her students. · insect n. 昆虫 【构词】 in- + -sect- 【课文原句】spiders and insects · ant n. 蚂蚁 【课文原句】likes studying ants · spider n. 蜘蛛 【课文原句】spiders and insects I don’t mind action movies like Spider-Man when I’m too tired to think.(unit 9） 动词 · deal v.（过去式 dealt , 过去分词 dealt ）对付；对待 【课文原句】. Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness. How should the students deal with the future? 【deal的其他用法】 It’s no big deal!/ It’s not a big deal! 没什么大不了的！ Make a deal 做交易 Deal! 成交 [易混辨析]deal with与do with (1)deal with与do with两者都可以用来表示 “处理”,前者侧重于方式、方法,后者侧重于对象。 deal with与how连用,do with则与what连用。 I don’t know how they deal with the problem. = I don’t know what they do with the problem. (2)deal with还意为“应付;涉及”。 He’s good at dealing with pressure.他善于应付压力。 1. ---I don’t know how to__B__with this math problem. ---You can solve this problem________listening carefully in class. B. A.do;by　　　 B. deal;by C. do;in D. deal;with 2.---What’s wrong with you? ---I don’t know__D_stress from work and family. B. how to do with B. how to deal C. what to deal with D. what to do with · dare v. 敢于；胆敢 【课文原句】As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class, and then for the whole school. 敢于做某事 dare to do sth 不敢做某事 don’t dare to do sth dare not to do sth [翻译]这个小男孩不敢独自过马路。 ____The little boy dares not to cross the road alone_________________ ____The little boy doesn’t dare to cross the road alone__________________ · require v. 需要；要求 【课文原句】You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed. 要求某人做某事 require sb. to do sth 某事需要被做 sth. require doing = __sth require to be done ____ 某人被要求去做某事 sb. be required to do sth 【翻译】 1. 这台车需要修理一下了 __The car requires fixing./ The car requires to be fixed.______- 2. 你需要做一个3分钟的自我介绍 ___You are required to make a 3-minute self-introduction_________ · fail v. 不及格；失败；未能（做到） 【课文原句】 Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations. 【反义词】_succeed__ v.成功 __pass__及格 fail in sth/doing sth.表示“在某方面失败”,其反义短语是__succeed____in sth/doing sth.。 fail to do sth.表示“未做成某事”。 fail (in) one’s examinations 考试不及格 He _failed to climb___ up the tall tree. 他未能爬上那棵高树。 He _failed his driving test.他驾照考试不及格。 Ü He __failed (in) his math examination______ 他数学考试不及格。 形容词 · Humorous adj. 有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的 【构词】_humor + _-ous(形容词后缀）_ 【课文原句】The comedy(喜剧) has plenty of dialog which is very humorous(unit 9) 【n.幽默】_humor__ 幽默感___sense of humor___； 成就感____sense of achievement_ 满足感___sense of satisfaction_____; 方向感____sense of direction __ 【翻译】Helen是一个如此幽默的学生,以至于她的同学有时会因为她的幽默感而大笑。 Helen is such a humorous student that her classmates sometimes laugh at her sense of humor. · silent adj.不说话的；沉默的 【构词】__sil-___ + __-ent(形容词后缀)___ 【课文原句】She was always silent in class. 【词汇拓展】n. 沉默__ silence____ 保持安静/沉默__keep silent____；__remain silent______ 沉默地____in silence_______ · Helpful adj. 有用的；有帮助的 【构词】_help__ + __-ful(形容词后缀）_____ 【课文原句】It is helpful ___to learn__(learn) as many of these customs as possible （unit 10） 【翻译】. 能说一门外语(foreign language)是非常有用的。 ____It’s helpful to speak a foreign language_______________ [help] v. 帮助 I was scared at first, but shouting did help. It helps my pronunciation. 寻求帮助__ask for help___ 帮某人某事 help sb. __with_ sth 帮助某人做某事__help sb. (to) do sth_____ 帮助做某事____help to do sth___ It is also a good idea to help parents to do something. They believe it can help to bring good health. · proud adj. 自豪的；骄傲的 be proud of 为⋯⋯骄傲；感到自豪 = take pride in 【课文原句】I know my parents love me and they’re always proud of me,” You’ve all grown up so much and I’m so proud of you.(unit 14) · general adj. 总的；普遍的；常规的 n. 将军 【课文原句】General introduction about the changes in your life People are usually required to give a general self-introduction in a job interview. General introduction ___常规介绍______ Generally speaking ____一般来讲_________ [n.] 将军 Finally, the king’s top general was told to go out and find a happy man in three days’ time.（unit 11） · private adj. 私人的；私密的 【课文原句】And I don’t have much private time anymore. 私人飞机_private plane___ 私营企业_private company_______ 私人信息__private information___ 【adv.】私下地__privately______ · absent adj. 缺席；不在 【构词】_abs-__ + __-ent(形容词后缀）___ 其名词形式是___absence____ 【反义词】present adj. 在场的 All the students are present. 【课文原句】Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations. 没去上学___be absent from school____ 没去开会____be absent from meeting______ · British adj. 英国（人）的 【课文原句】That British teacher is very _humorous_. He always tells us interesting jokes. British accent 英国口音 ____British English ____英式英语 __British people_____ 英国人 副词 · exactly adv. 确切地；精确地 【构词】__exact__ + __-ly(副词后缀）____ 【课文原句】It was exactly what I needed. 【adj.】确切的，精确的 exact time 确切时间 · seldom adv. 不常；很少 【课文原句】When he was a little boy, he seldom caused any problems, and his family spent a lot of time together. 兼类词 · score n. & v. 得分；进球 【课文原句】 He studied hard and got good scores on his exams. Because of her, I put in more effort and my exam scores doubled.(unit 14) Get good scores ___取得好分数_____ Get good grades ____获得好成绩_____ · interview v. 采访；面试 n. 面试；访谈 【构词】_Inter-(前缀)___ + ___view___ 【课文原句】For this month’s Young World magazine, I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang. 【词汇拓展】 Interviewer _面试官，采访者_____ interviewee ___面试者， 被采访者_____ · Asian adj. 亚洲（人）的 n. 亚洲人 【构词】_Asia_ + ___-n___ 【n.】亚洲__Asia_____ 【课文原句】For this month’s Young World magazine, I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang. However, in most Asian societies, it is not common for teenagers _to move______(move) out.(unit 7) · European adj. 欧洲（人）的 n. 欧洲人 【构词】_Europe__ + _-an______ 【n.】欧洲_____Europe____ 【课文原句】Jerry used to read books on European history.He didn’t use to read books on African culture. European union __欧盟____ 欧洲文化 ____European culture____ · African adj. 非洲（人）的 n. 非洲人 【构词】__Africa__ + ____-n______ 【n.】非洲___Africa_______ 【课文原句】Jerry used to read books on European history.He didn’t use to read books on African culture African America ___非裔美国人 非洲历史 ______African history_____ · public n. 民众 adj. 公开的；公众的 in public 公开地；在别人（尤指生人）面前 【课文原句】giving a speech in public And remember to throw rubbish in the bins and keep public places clean and beautiful for everyone.(unit 13) 公共交通 ___public transportation_____ 公共卫生间 __public restrooms_____ 公开演讲 ___public speech__ [n.]民众 Environmental protection groups around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning(猎翅)”.(unit 13) · influence v. & n. 影响 【课文原句】Li Wen’s unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork. Many people praised him as the musician who has greatly influenced erhu music.(unit 9) influence vt,意为“影响”后可直接跟宾语 My parents have _influenced __ __me___ a lot.我的父母对我影响很大。 [n.] 影响 have an influence on... 对……有影响 have a great influence on...对……有_重大影响 对……有好的/坏的影响___have a good / bad influence on.._________ 【翻译】那些朋友对她有负面影响。 ____Those friends had a bad influence on her____________ · guard n. 警卫；看守v. 守卫；保卫 【课文原句】 Hanging out with friends is almost impossible for me now because there are always guards around me. Hang out __闲逛___ 在本句中是动词-ing形式__working_______(Work) together with them helped me know much more about their life. 短语 · from time to time 时常；有时 【课文原句】She still plays the piano from time to time. Generally speaking, if you experience déjà vu from time to time, there is no need to worry about it.(unit 8). 【与时间相关的其他表达】 一直___all the time____ 及时___in time_____ 准时___on time_____ take one’s time___慢慢来___ time’s up ___时间到了_____ next time ___下一次____ · in person 亲身；亲自 【课文原句】She advised them to talk with their son in person. 【翻译】你必须亲自签收（sign）这个包裹（package）。 _____You have to sign the package in person.__________________ 【短语】advise sb. (not) to do sth.___建议某人（不）做某事______ 【翻译】我们的老师建议我们不要在河里游泳。 ____Our teacher advised us not to swim in the river_________ · boarding school 寄宿学校 Where is it? 【课文原句】Finally, Li Wen’s parents made the decision to send him to a boarding school. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$