Unit2知识讲解2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级下册

unit2 (P9-10) 1. help（sb.）（to) do sth. =help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 2.clean up 把……打扫干净（v. + adv.代词放中间，名词可前可后）clean it/them up 3.hope to do sth /that+句子 wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事 4.sick adj.“生病的”，作表语（be/feel sick),也可作定语(放在名词前a sick man） ill adj.“生病的”，只能作表语（be ill) be ill in hospital 生病住院 5. cheer up 使振奋，使高兴的（v. +adv） cheer sb. up =make sb. happy 使某人高兴 cheer me up 使我高兴 6.give out =hand out分发(v. +adv) give up doing sth =stop doing sth放弃做某事 give sb. sth = give sth to sb. 给某人某物 7.volunteer to do sth志愿做某事 8.come up with（a plan/an idea)=think up 想出 9.put off doing sth推迟做某事 put it/them off 10.put up 举手；张贴；搭帐篷 11.call up打电话给...；征召（v+adv) call me up 给我打电话 12.make a plan to do =plan to do make a plan for sth为...制定计划 13.help out with sth帮忙做某事，帮助解决困难 help sb. out 帮助某人脱离困境 14.used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。 be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 我过去常常步行到学校，但现在我习惯了骑车到学校。 I used to walk to school, but now I am used to riding to school. 15.sound +adj. sound like+n/句子 16.alone = by oneself=on one’s own 独自，单独 live alone 独自居住 feel/be lonely感到孤独 17.care for=look after=take care of 照顾，喜欢 care about 关心，在意 （p11-12） 1. give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事 give it/them up give up +时间+to do sth腾出时间做某事 2.several=a few+可数复数 一些，几个 3.疑问词+不定式:I don’t know what to do. I don’t’ know how to do it . 4.get a strong feeling of satisfaction产生一种强烈的满足感 5.such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数 such a hard-working boy so+ 形容词+a/an + 可数名词单数 so hard-working a boy so+ many/few +可数名词复数 so+ much/little+不可数名词（多多少少要用so) 6.get better 变得更好（三变得：become,get,turn均为系动词+形容词) 7.the look of joy喜悦的表情 to one’s joy令某人高兴的是 8.own v.拥有=have n. owner主人 the owner of .......的主人 9.by oneself=alone=on one’s own独自地，独立地 10.at the age of +数词 在......岁的时候= when sb. was ... years old. 11.try out 参加...选拔（try our for）；试用；尝试（try out doing sth） try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】 try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】 try/do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 12. go on a different journey= go on a trip去旅行 13.do what I love to do I can do what I can to help students to learn English.（表目的） 14.at the same time 同时 15.however不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开。 but是并列连词词，连接两个并列分句，上下两句在总的意义上构成了对比。   16.动词不定式的用法： 1.作宾语（v+to do)：want,plan, hope,decide, begin,start,need,wait,would like,wish,agree ,hate,refuse,expect,volunteer,learn,try,like,be able to do,try one's best to do等 2.作宾语补足语（v+sb to do):ask,tell,want,would like,wish,teach,help,order,invite,get,send,lead,allow等 3.作表语(be to do)是什么 My job is to clean the streets. His hobby is to play football. 4.作主语，用it代替 it's +adj.(for sb) to do sth 5.作宾语，用it代替find it +adj (for sb) to do sth 6.作目的状语 She sells flowers to make money. 7.作后置定语I want to have something to drink. He has a lot of work to do now. 8.疑问词+to do(what to do/how to do it) 17.be busy with sth 忙于某事 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 18.be worried about doing sth担心做某事 19.less+adj/adv原级+than =not so/as...as...不如 20.raise money for...为...筹钱/raise your hands举起手/raise a dog饲养一只狗 (P13-14 ) Section B 1.sb run out of sth (run pt.ran) sth run out. 2.take after(外貌或行为）像=look like=be similar to 3.fix up（v+adv)修理=repair fix it/them up 4.give away捐赠（v+adv)give it/them away 5.break pt.broke adj.broken 6. write (a letter) to sb =write sb a letter给某人写信 (write pt.wrote) hear from sb(hear pt.heard)收到某人的来信=get/receive a letter from sb 7.thanks for doing sth因...而感谢 thanks to =because of 多亏了 8.set up建起，设立(v+adv) =build set up a school/a hospital (set pt.set) 9. disabled people残疾人 = the disabled the +adj. 表一类人 (表复数概念）the rich/poor/blind/deaf 10.make it possible (for sb) to do sth使做某事（对某人）成为可能 11.make a (big/great)difference to+n/代词/v-ing对...产生(很大)影响 make no difference to对...没的影响 12.imagine (sb) doing sth想象（某人）做某事 13.have difficulty /trouble /problems doing sth做...有困难/问题 14.answer the telephone接电话 15.a friend of mine 我的一个朋友=one of my friends 16.a special trained dog一只特殊的受过训练的狗 17.be excited about sth对...感到兴奋 We were so_______to watch the ________match.(excite) 18. because of your kindness由于你的仁慈 kindness 不可数名词 ill(illness疾病),sad(sadness悲伤),happy(happiness幸福),good(goodness善良) 19.understand pt.understood adj. understanding善解人意的 20. change one's life/mind改变某人的生活/主意 21.take/have an interest in 对...感兴趣=be interested in doing sth 22.be strong in+n/代词/v-ing 强项是……=be good at =do well in 一、重点短语 1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old people’s home 养老院 3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. used to do sth曾经… … ；过去_ 5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情 7. at the age of 在......岁时 8.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净 9. cheer sb up (使)变得更高兴;振雀 10. give out 分发;散发 11. come up with 想出；提出 12. make a plan 制订计划 13. make some notices 做些公告牌 14. try out(for） 试用;试行 15. work for 为…工作；为…. 效力 16. put up 建造;举起;张贴 17. hand out 分发;散发;发给 18. call up 打电话;召集 19. put off doing推迟;延迟 20. for example 比如；例如 21. raise money for筹钱;募捐 22. take after 与......相像;像 23. give away 赠送;捐赠 24. fix up 修理;修补 25. be similar to 与……相似 26. set up 建立;设立 27. disabled people 残疾人 28. make a difference(to) 影响;有作用 29. be able to do 能够 30. after-school reading program课外阅读项目 二、重点句型 1. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。 2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。 3. What did they ask you to hep out with?他们让你帮忙做什么？ 4. 他们给我将过去的生活经历，讲过去时什么样子的。 They told me stories about the past and how things used to be? 5. 当我看到动物们（病情）渐好，看到他们主任脸上的喜悦表情时，我产生出那么一种极强的满足感来。 I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners’ faces. 6.她在四岁时就能够独自看书了。She could read by herself at the age of four. 7. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. 去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。 8.You can see in their eyes that they’re going on a different journey with each new book. 从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。 9. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer. 我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。 10.Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money. 现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。 11. 吉米长得像他的妈妈。Jimmy takes after his mother. 12. 在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。 You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. 13. “幸运儿” 对我的生活有巨大的影响。Lucky makes a big difference to my life. 14. 他提出的这些想法效果不错。The ideas (that he came up with) worked out fine. 作文： 志愿者活动在各地蓬勃发展。你了解了一些志愿者活动后很兴奋，也准备参加一项志愿者活动。请根据下面的提示，写出你的志愿计划。80词左右。 1. 周日去儿童福利院做一些义务工作：帮助打扫房间、给孩子们捐赠故事书、给他们讲故事等。2. 你可以教孩子们唱歌、跳舞，也可以教他们学英语。3. 你对志愿者活动的感受。 Now more and more people are taking part in the volunteer activities. I would like to become a volunteer. I hope to volunteer in a children's home on Sundays. I'll help them clean their rooms. I'll give away some storybooks to them and I will also tell them stories. I'm good at singing and dancing and I can teach children to sing and dance. I speak English well and I can teach them English ,too. From the activities, I'll get pleasure and improve myself. I am sure I will be a good volunteer. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$