动词语法专项复习讲义 - 2024-2025学年牛津译林版九年级英语上册
定义 | 结构 | 标志词 | 备注 |
①表示现在的 状态; ②表经常或习 惯性的动作 (描述日常生 活习惯); ③普遍真理、 客观事实和自 然规律: ) ④表示主语具 备的性格、特 征和能力等; ⑤按照时间表 或计划表所发 生的事情。 | 背am/is/are V原/V三单 否:am/is/are not do/does not+、原 | 1.频度副词:always;usually;often; sometimes;seldom;never
evening
once a week/ 4.on Sundays=every Sunday... | if/when/as soon as/ unless/before/after 等主将从现用法时,从句 必须用一般现在时。 如:_I will tell him about it when he comes. If it is tine tomorrow,we will go to the park. |
①表示现在正 在进行或发生 的动作; ②在现阶段持 续发生的动作 或存在的状 态。 | 肯: am/is/are+V-ing... 否: am/is/are not 十 V-ing... 【He's有时是He is的缩写,有时是 He has的缩写】 | Look! Listen! at the/this moment;at this time at present (right)now It's...(点时间). Where's sb.?等上下文语境 these days十一般现在,现在进行, 现在完成) | 拥有:have,own 表感觉的动词,如see, find,look,hear,taste,sound 表“喜欢”、“厌恶”的动词, 如like,love,hate 表知识或理解力的动词,如 believe,think,know,forget 表“希望”、“愿望”、“心愿” 等动词,如want/hope/wish 倒装句Here comes the bus. |
①表示过去发 生的动作或存 在的状态; ②过去发生的 一系列连续的 动作。 | 肯: 主语+was/were+ 其它 主语+动词的过去 式+其它 : was/were not did not+V 原 | last+时间名词:last night/week; 时间段+ago:a month ago; in+过去年月:in 1987; 表过去时间的状语: just now;yesterday(afternoon); the day before yesterday; the other day前几天;those days; in the past:used to.do | 要关注过去式的不规则动 词: fly_grow_ shine _hang _ hear _catch _ drink _draw _ feed_begin_ hurt _spread _ |
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①表示过去某 伞时刻发生的 动作; ②过去某个时 间段内持续发 生的动作或存 在的状态; ③过去同一时 间里同时发生. 的动作。 | 肯: was/were doing 否: wasn't/weren't doing | at this time yesterday at 9:40 a.m.last Friday at that moment/time from 3:30 to 4:30 last Wednesday the whole morning/day all the afternoon from morning till-night 语境: 如:---T called you last night,but no one answered me. ---Sorry,I was taking a walk-in the garden. | 【when/while/as用法】 过去when/while/as过进 过进when过去 过进while过进 She was reading while her mum was cooking. I like tea while(然而)she likes coffee. 补:when/as也可以主过从 过(过去相关时态) |
表将来某一时 刻发生的动作 或状态 | 肯: will+V 原 am/is/are going to +V 原 否: won't+V原 am/is/are not+V 原 I/We(第一人称) 可以用shall/shall not(shan't)+V 原 | 表将来时间的状语: in the(near)future,soon tomorrow(morning/afternoon) the day after tomorrow, this Sunday/evening from now on从现在起 one day/some day(未来) in the coming week for another two days next day/week/month/year/century in+段时间(how soon提问) in+将来点时间:in 2030 . | 1、There are going to be two meetings tomorrow. 2、现在进行表将来,.如: ①表位移,如leave/come/ go/arrive/move等 ②表示渐变过程,如go, get,turn,grow,become 如:It's getting warmer and warmer. 3、有迹象表明用be going to do 主将从现只用will 外祈使句,and/or you will... |
①持续到现在 的动作或状态 (长动词); ②动作或状态 发生在过去, 对现在有影 响; ③发生的次数 ④刚刚完成的 事情 | 肯: have/has(助动词) done 否: have/has(助动词) not done | 1.already,yet,just,recently,so tar these days/years,up to now,till now,since then,in/over the last/past two years:over the years 2.since+ 过去点时间 段时间+ago 从句(过去时): for+段时间;提问用How long 3.ever,never,twice,three times, before(次数不与for连用) 4.already(肯定句和特殊疑问句); yet(否定句和一般疑问句局) | 现在完成时,强调过去动 作对现在的影响,与现在 有关。 一般过去时,仅仅过去曾 发生的动作,与现在无关。 现在完成时不一定用长动 可 |
1. 短暂性动词及相应的延续性动词:
非延续性动词 | 延续性动词 |
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buy |
|
borrow |
|
open |
|
close |
|
begin/start |
|
finish |
|
die |
|
catch a cold |
|
wake up |
|
fall asleep |
|
join |
|
leave |
|
2. ▲并不是遇到短动词就要改为长动词,没有段时间不用变。
You can't find Tom here. He has already left. (此处 left 不用换作 been away)
3. ▲并不是遇到段时间就一定用现完,动作没持续到现在仍然用过去时。
如: --- Hi, Jill. Have you graduated from college?
如: I live in China now, but I (teach) Chinese in France for 3 years.
4. 追问何时何地发生用过去时 ---I have been to Beijing twice.---When did you go there?
5. have been to, have been in, have gone to 区别。
| 含义 | 备注 | 举例 |
have/has been in/at | 在某地待了多长时间 | 来/去/到/在(后接段时间) | I have been in Huai'an for 3 years. |
have/has gone to | 去了某地,不在说话 地点或在去某地途中 | 一般谈论第三者 | ---Where is Tom? ---He has gone to Lanzhou. |
have/has been to | 去过某地,已回,现 在已不在那个地方 | 后接次数,ever,never, before等(次数不与for连 用)当面对话 | ---You weren't at home this morning Where have you been? ---I've been to the library. May has been to Beijing three times. |
考点一 各种时态被动语态的构成
时态 | 被动语态构成 | 例句 |
一般现在时 | is/ am/ are + done | The classroom is cleaned every day. 教室每天被打扫。 |
一般过去时 | was/ were + done | The dumplings were made yesterday. 饺子是昨天包的。 |
一般将来时 | shall/ will + be + done | A new hospital will be built next year. 明年一个新的医院将被建成。 |
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