Unit 1 Science and Scientists-【志鸿优化训练】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册课前预习10分钟（人教版2019）

UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS Reading and Thinking 第1课时 【,阅读词汇识其意 (套)房子的人 1.cholera n. 5 t.&i.怀疑：疑有：不信任 2.germ n. n.犯罪嫌疑人±可疑对象 3.pump 2, 6. 1.把…归咎于；责怪：指 4.multiple adj. 责n.责备：指责 5.statistic n.[pl] 7. 元，把手：拉手；柄.处理；搬 6.substantial adj. 动：操纵（车辆、动物、工具等） 7.epidemiology n. 8 n,联系：纽带l,把…连接 Ⅱ，重要词汇我会写 起来：相关联 1. ad山j.极为恶劣的：十分严重 9 adj,未煮的：生的：未经处理 的：严厉的 的：原始的 2. i,认购（股份）：定期订购： 10. .减少：降低：减少量. 定期交纳（会费） &i,(使大小、数量等)减 3. n,证据：证明：检验 少：减小：降低 4. n,一家人：家庭：同住一所 1 Ⅲ，派生词汇我能变 7.in general 1.frustrate v.使懊恼；使沮丧- 8.on the decrease adj,懊恼的：祖丧的：失意的~ V,核心句型巧应用 n.愧丧；懊恼：沮丧 l.【课文原句】He discovered that in two particular 2.contradict.反驳：驳斥：批驳→ streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that ad山.相互矛盾的：对立的：不一致的 more than500 people died in ten days.他发现，在 3.infect v.使感染，传染- n.感 两条特定的街道上，霍乱爆发如此严重，以至于在 染：传染 10天内有500多人死亡. 4.pure adj.干净的：纯的：纯粹的 【句式感悟】so..that..如此…以至于… ad.仅仅：完全→purity. 【句式应用】这个老师非常和蔼，我们都喜欢他。 纯粹；纯净 5.transform u.使改观：使改变形态i.改变：转变一 2.【课文原句】It seemed that the woman liked the n.(彻底的)变化：改观：转变 water from the pump so much that she had it V,重点短语英汉译 delivered to her house every day,.该妇女似乎非常 最终地：彻底地 喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水 2. 同意：赞同 运到家里来。 3. 水泵 【句式感悟】It seems/.seemed that,.看来… 幸亏：由于 【句式应用】公众对气候变化的关注似乎在不断 5.s0.,.that., 增加。 6.be likely to do sth ·2 第2课时 I,匹配段落大意 ( )2.What did John Snow think the reason of 1.Paragraph 1 A.Snow began his study by cholera was? marking on a map. A.It was caused by bad air in the sky. 2.Paragraph 2 B.John Snow wanted to destroy B.It was caused by cholera germs. cholera. C.It was caused by severe diarrhoea. 3.Paragraph 3 C.John Snow decided to prove the D.It was caused by food or water. second theory. )3.Which house number has many deaths? 4.Paragraph 4 D.Snow is considered the father A.38 Broad Street. of modern epidemiology. B.21 Broad Street. 5.Paragraph 5 E.The water from the pump had C.8 Cambridge Street. been infected by waste. D.9 Cambridge Street. Ⅱ.根据文章，选择正确的答案 )1.What did John Snow desire to do as a )4.Why is Snow considered the father of young doctor? modern epidemiology? A.To be a world-famous doctor. A.Because he changed the way to study B.To attend to Queen Victoria. diseases. C.To prevent or treat cholera. B.Because he knew how to prevent and D.To create a new theory. treat cholera. 3 C.Because he made cholera disappear in 续表 the world. JOHN SNOW DEFEATS "KING CHOLERA" D.Because he announced the pump water .One theory was that 4. carried cholera germs. Two caused the disease. Ⅲ.阅读文章，完成下列表格 contradictory Another was that cholera was caused JOHN SNOW DEFEATS“KING CHOLERA” theories by an infection from 5. in food or water. It used to be one of the most As a young doctor.he became feared 1. in the world. 6. because no one knew ·It causes2. how to prevent or treat cholera. diarrhoea.dehydration.and even He desired to destroy cholera Cholera death. 7. and for all. John Snow ·In his use of8. :he In the early 19th century, found out why and 9. millions of people 3. the the way scientists study diseases. disease. For this reason,he 10. the father of modern epidemiology. 。4 Learning About Language 表语从句 【,感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题 My opinion is it's getting better and 1.One theory was that bad air caused the disease. better. 2.Another was that cholera was caused by an 2.whether在句子中不充当任何成分，但具有“是否” infection from germs in food or water. 的意义。 3.It seemed that the woman liked the water from 注意：f不能引导表语从句。 the pump so much that she had it delivered to her The question is it is worth doing. house every day. 3.asf/hough引导表语从句时，在句子中不充当任 4.The truth was that the water from the Broad 何成分，但有意义。译为：似乎，好像。 Street pump had been infected by waste. He looks he were a rich man. 以上4个句子中的黑体部分都是从句，这些从句在 It sounds someone is knocking at the 词性上相当于一个 ,故被称作 door. 从句，而且从句作 ,所以又被 asif/as though引导的表语从句如果是事实，用陈 称作 从句。 述语气，如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气（主句是 Ⅱ.表语从句的引导词 一般现在时，从句用一般过去时：主句是一般过去 1.that在从句中仅起连接作用，无实际意义，在句子 时，从句用过去完成时)。 中不作任何成分，不能省略。 The young man with long hair looks 5。 he were a girl. I don't know is book)it is. Dark clouds are gathering.It looks 7.where,when,why,how除在句中起连接作用 it's going to rain. 外，在从句中还充当时间、地点，方式、原因状语， 4.what在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，表示什 本身具有词义。 么，什么样子，或…的（人或事）。 This is she was late for the meeting. The question is caused the accident. 这就是她会议迟到的原因。 That mountain is no longer it used to The question is he did it. be. 问题是他如何做此事的 What he told you was had been That is he was born. discussed at the meeting. 那就是他出生的地方。 5.who在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，表 注意：主语一般不用reason 示谁。 That/Itis/was why...那是…的原因 The problem is could do the work. That/It/is/was because.,那是因为 My trouble is I can turn to. He was ill.That's because he was sent to the Could you tell me he is? hospital..(强调原因) 6.which在引导表语从句时，常充当定语、表语，表示 He was ill.That's why he was sent to the 哪一个，哪一些。 hospital.(强调结果) I read about it in some book or another.but what ·6· Using Language,Assessing Your Progress Video Time 第1课时 【,阅读词汇识其意 6 adj.优秀的：杰出的：明 1.microscope n. 显的 2.vaccine , adj.抽象的：理论上的 3.aerospace 见。 n.(文献等的)摘要 4.patriotic adj. 8 n.概念：观念 5.steady adj. 9 adj.聪颖的：绝妙的：明 6.furthermoread U. 亮的 7.plasma , 10. adj.生动的，通真的 8.concrete , Ⅱ.重要词汇我会写 Ⅲ.词块识记我来译 1. adj,最初的：开始的：第 THE FATHER OF CHINA'S AEROSPACE(中国航 一的 天之父) 2. adj.可靠的：固体的：坚 Para.I 实的 1.对…有影响 3. U.投射：投掷 2.一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神的人” 4 弘.保卫：防守：辩解 5. ,领导：领导地位：领导 才能 3.备受人们尊散的人 Para,7 Para.2 14.钱学森去世，举国上下悲痛不已 4.决定转专业学… Para,3 A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT(一个思想纯粹的世界) Para.I 5.成了…方面的先驱 15.物理学界最著名最有天赋的科学家之一 6.研究生助理 Para.4 Para.2 7.发展中国的火箭科学 16.出名 8.太空和导弹计划 17.宇宙的起源 9.钱学森并没有因此放弃接受挑战 18.宇宙恒稳态理论 19.大爆炸宇宙论 Para.5 20.…的最大支持者 10.在钱学森的领导下 21.在问答环节中 11.发展了东风导弹 Para.3 22.除了聪明以外，他还很勇敢 12.赢得了“中国航天之父”的称号 23.与疾病做斗争 Para.6 24.霍金恩意承认自已的错误 13.钱学森博览群书，知识渊博 ·8· 第2课时 I,匹配段落大意 the future. Passage 1(Qian) C.He realised that China needed a strong 1.Para.1 A.His personality(个性). air force. 2.Para3.2-5 B.His death. D.Because the country asked him to do 3.Para.6 C.His personal experience. 80. 4.Para.7 D.Introduction. )2.Why did Qian Xuesen come back to China? Passage 2(Stephen Hawking) A.He wanted to serve his country. 5.Para.1 E.His claim to fame. B.He met with difficulties in America. 6.Para.2 F.His characteristics(性格). C.He was a hero in China. 7.Para.3 G.Introduction. D.He missed his family. Ⅱ.根据文意，选择正确的答案 )3.What proved Hawking's work on the big )1.Why did Qian Xuesen change his major to bang theory? aviation? A.Communicating with Fred Hoyle. A.Because he was not interested in his B.Observing the stars. former major. C.Telescopes used by astronomers. B.Because he could get a well paid job in D.Two main theories. ·9· Ⅲ，根据文章内容，填空 and 5. gift scientists in Described as a man with "great scientific physics.Due to his illness,he had to be in the thought and scientific spirit".Qian Xuesen had a wheelchair and his world became one of abstract great impact on China's thought.In 1964.Hawking pointed out that Fred aerospace science than anyone else.Qian returned to Hoyle 6. make)a mistake in his China from America in 1955.He was put maths. Once the maths 7. 2. charge of not only developing correct )it showed that the big bang theory China's rocket science but also its space and missile 8. (put)forward by Hawking was programme. Under his leadership, China proven by astronomers with telescopes.A star was 3. successful)launched its first born.What made Stephen Hawking a genius? man-made satellite.Much of the technology behind Besides 9. be)brilliant,he was the Shenzhou rockets can also be traced back to brave,outspoken and determined.Above all,Hawking Qian's research.That is 4. he was willing to admit his 10. (fault). was called“the father of China's aerospace'”. This odd combination of characteristics had made him one Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries. ·10参考答案 UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS 第2课时 Reading and Thinking I.1.B2.C3.A4.E5.D Ⅱ.1.C2.D3.A4.A 第1课时 Ⅲ，l.diseases2.severe3.died from 4.bad air I1.雷乱2.微生物：细菌：病菌3.泵：抽水机：打气简 5.germs 6.frustrated 7.once 8.maps and statistics 4.数量多的：多种多样的5.统计数字，统计资料：统计学 9.transformed 10.is considered 6.大量的：价值巨大的：重大的7.流行病学 Learning About Language Il.1.severe 2.subscribe 3.proof 4.household 【,名词名词性表语表语 5.suspect 6.blame 7.handle 8.link 9.raw II.1.that 2.whether 3.as if as if as if as if 10.decrease 4.what what what 5.who who who 6.which Ill.1.frustrated frustration 2.contradictory 7.why how where 3.infection 4.purely 5.transformation Using Language,Assessing Your Progress IV.1.once and for all 2.subseribe to 3.water pump Video Time 4.thanks to5,如此…以至于…6.可能做某审 第1课时 7.一般来说8.在减少：在下降 I,1.显微镜2.疫苗3.航空航天工业4.爱国的 V.1.This teacher is so kind that we all like him. 2.1t 5.稳定的：平稳的：稳步的6.此外：再者7.血浆8.混 seems that there is a growing coneern about climate change 凝土 among the general public. II.1.initial 2.solid 3.cast 4.defend 5.leadership ·51· 6.outstanding 7.abstract 8.concept 9.brilliant Ⅱ.1.C2.A3.C 10.vivid lll.1.greater 2.in 3.successfully 4.why 5.gifted IlI.1.have impact on...2.a man with "great scientific 6.made 7.was corrected 8.put 9.being 10.faults thought and scientific spirit"3.an extremely well- UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES respected man 4.switch one's major to...5.become a Reading and Thinking pioneer in...6.a graduate assisstant 7.develop China's rocket science 8.space and missile programme 9.Qian 第1课时 did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge I.1.qualify you to has qualified for qualified a qualified 10.under Qian's leadership 11.develop the Dongfeng candidate I am well qualified for the position He isn't missiles 12.earn the name of "the father of China's qualified to vote. aerospace"13.Qian read a lot and was extremely 2.ambitious achieve/fulfill/realize an/one's ambition to knowledgeable 14.the whole country was saddened by set up a man of great ambition/an ambitious man Qian's death 15.one of the most famous and gifted 3.adaptation adaptation adapt (1)adapting (myself) scientists in physics 16.achieve fame 17.the origin of to life in the city (2)be adapted from the universe 18.the steady state theroy 19.the big bang 4.comfortable comfortably uncomfortable in comfort theroy 20.the biggest champion of 21.during the find comfort in a real comfort question and answer period 22.besides being brilliant,he 5.participation participate in participation was brave 23.fight against disease 24.Hawking was 6.engagement I engage themselves/be engaged in willing to admit his faults making a difference to society (2)engage one's 第2课时 interest/attention engages both the mind and the eye was totally engaged in was engaged to 1.1.D2.A3.C4.B5.G6.E7.F 7.involvement (1)involving themselves/getting involved ·52·