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清单01选择性必修第一册Unit 1 - Unit 2
Unit 1 People of Achievement
词性转换
1.______________n.生理学;生理机能→______________ adj.生理学的→______________adv.生理学家
2.______________adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的→______________vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入→______________n.承诺;投入
3.______________n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校→______________adj.学业的;学术的
4.______________adj.植物学的→______________n.植物学→______________n.植物学家
5.______________vt.评价;评估→______________n.评价;评估
6.______________adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的→______________n.区别
7.______________vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢→______________adj.公认的→______________n.承认;感谢
8.______________vt.分析→______________n.分析
9.______________adv.显而易见;显然→______________adj.显而易见的;显然的
10.______________adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的→______________n.科学→______________n.科学家
11.______________adv.主要地;一般地→______________adj.大多数的
12.______________n.结论;推论→______________v.推断;结束
13.______________n.小说家→______________n.(长篇)小说
14.______________n.从政者;政治家;政客→______________n.政治→______________adj.政治的;党派的
15.______________n.相对论;相对性→______________adj.相对的→______________adv.相对地
16.______________adj.温柔的;文静的→______________adv.轻轻地;温和地→______________n.温顺;亲切
17.______________n.酷爱;激情→______________adj.狂热的
18.______________adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的→______________adj.普通的;平常的
19.______________adv.逐渐地;逐步地→______________adj.逐渐的;平缓的
20.______________n.社会公共机构;制度;习俗→______________n.(教育、专业等)机构;机构建筑
21.______________n.结果;后果→______________adj.随之发生的;作为结果的→______________adv.因此;所以
22.______________adj.非凡的;显著的→______________adv.显著地;非常地
核心单词
1.commitvt.承诺;保证vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
(1)commit ...to ... 把……投入……
commit oneself to do/doing 承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
commit a mistake/crime 犯错误/罪
be committed to (doing) sth. 献身于/致力于(做)某事
(2)make a commitment 作出承诺
①If the students' interest in the subject is motivated, they will commit more time and energy to their studies.如果学生在这个学科上的兴趣受到激发,他们会投入更多的时间和精力在学习上。
②I commit myself to do what I can to help you.我承诺尽可能的去帮助你。
③Committed to doing medical research, he was awarded Medal of the Republic.他致力于医学研究,被授予“共和国勋章”。
2.acknowledgevt.认可;承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢;告知收到
(1)acknowledge (doing) sth. 承认(做)某事
acknowledge that ... 承认……
acknowledge ...to be/as ... 认为……是……
It is universally/widely acknowledged that ... ……是大家所公认的
(2) in acknowledgement of ... 为表示对……的感谢;以承认……
①The country has acknowledged having taken every means to fight against any possible infection.该国承认已采取一切手段抗击任何可能的感染。
②Yuan Longping is widely acknowledged to be one of the great scientists in the world.袁隆平被公认为世界上最伟大的科学家之一。
③(2019·江苏高考书面表达)It is widely acknowledged that the school uniforms are a better choice than the traditional Chinese dress for such an occasion.人们普遍认为,在这样的场合,校服是比传统的中国服装更好的选择。
3.Insist vi.&vt.坚持;坚决要求
insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事
insist that ...(should) do 坚决要求……做
①You should respect the views of others, and at the same time insist on what you think is right.你应该尊重别人的观点,同时坚持你认为是正确的。
②The government insisted that plans (should) be made to help those out of work.政府坚决要求制订计划帮助失业的人。
4.conclusion n.结论;推论
(1)come to/draw/reach/get to/arrive at a conclusion (from) (由……)得出结论
in conclusion 最后;总之
(2)conclude that 得出结论……
conclude ...with/by ... 以……结束……
conclude ...from ... 从……中推断……
to conclude 总而言之;最后
①From the story I can conclude that those who take positive attitude towards work will be rewarded.从这个故事中我可以得出结论,那些对工作采取积极态度的人将得到回报。
②I've come to the conclusion that he's the right person for the job.我已经得出结论:他是这项工作的合适人选。③In conclusion, mutual understanding plays a key role in building a friendly relationship.总之,相互理解对建立友好关系至关重要。
5.Circumstance n.条件;环境;状况(常用复数)
under/in no circumstances 无论如何都不……(位于句首时句子要部分倒装)
under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下;既然这样
under/in any circumstance(s) 在任何情况下
①Students should stick to their dreams under any circumstances.在任何情况下,学生都应该坚持他们的梦想。②Under no circumstance should people waste food to support the “clear your plate” campaign.为了支持“光盘”行动,在任何情况下人们都不能浪费食物。
6.Consequence n.结果;后果
as a consequence=as a result=in consequence因此;结果
as a consequence of=as a result of=in consequence of 由于……的缘故
take/suffer/bear the consequences of 承担……的后果
①Many species have died out in consequence of/as a consequence of man's activities.由于人类的活动,许多物种已经灭绝了。
②As a consequence/In consequence, he was eventually admitted to Nanjing University.结果,他最终被南京大学录取。
7.Remarkable adj.值得注意的;显著的;非凡的
(1)remark on/upon 就……发表意见;评论
remark that ... 谈到……;说起……
(2)make a remark on/about 就……发表意见
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)She said we had made remarkable progress in the last exam.她说我们在上次考试中取得了显著的进步。
②Miss Li remarked on/upon some students' cheating in exams, whose words left a deep impression on us.李老师评论了一些学生考试作弊的事,他的话给我们留下了深刻的印象。
③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)After the short film, each class is supposed to have a discussion and all the students are expected to make remarks and express their views about the short film.短片结束后,每个班都应进行讨论并且期望所有的学生都发表评论,表达他们对这部短片的看法。
重点短语
stand up to 经得住(检验等)
(1) 支持,维护 stand up for
(2) 代表,象征 stand for
(3) 袖手旁观;支持某人;信守,遵守(诺言、协定) stand by
(4) 突出,显眼,脱颖而出 stand out
come to power (开始) 掌权;上台(强调动作)
(1) 执政(状态) be in power
(2) 为某人能力所不及 beyond one’s power
(3) 在能力(权力)之内 within one’s power
take up 占用(时间),占据空间;接受;开始从事
(1) 占用大量的时间 take up a lot of time
(2) 占空间 take up space/room
(3) 开始从事写作 take up writing
(4) 拆开,拆卸 take apart
(5) 吸收;理解;收留;欺骗 take in
(6) 脱下;起飞;突然开始成功,突然大受欢迎;休假 take off
(7) 呈现;雇用;承担 take on
(8) 接管,接任 take over
(9) 注意到 take notice of
重点句式
1. on/upon +n./v.ing 是介词短语,表示“一......就......”作时间状语
教材原句
获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我......”Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine …”
句式仿写
一旦看到它,你就永远不会忘记它。
____________________________________________________________________________
总结“一......就......”的其他表达法:
一......,就......(引导时间状语从句)as soon as
(1) Hardly/scarely…when…/ no sooner … than … (注意:当 hardly, scarcely, no sooner than 位于句首时,主句用部分倒装结构,从句不用倒装)
(2) 一看见、听见...... at the sight/sound of
(3) 名词作连词,后跟句子 the moment/minute/instant/second+句子
(4) 副词用作连词,后跟句子 immediately/instantly/directly+句子
2. It is an honor for sb./sth. to do sth. 对某人、某物来说做某事是个荣耀。
教材原句
中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界传播,确实是一个荣誉。It is indeed an honor for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to spread around the world.
句式仿写
我很荣幸能站在这里演讲。
____________________________________________________________________________
3. It strikes sb. that … 某人突然想到......
某人突然想到......的其他表达方式:
sth. occurs to sb./
sth. hits sb./sth. strikes sb./
It occurs to sb that …/It hit sb. that …
句式仿写
我突然想到我们应该制订一个新计划。
____________________________________________________________________________
4. As though/if 从句(虚拟语气)
教材原句
他胡须浓密,头发又长又白,有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.
注意:
as if/though 从句用虚拟语气从句用一般过去时(与现在事实相反)从句用过去完成时(过去事实相反)从句用 would/ could/ might do 形式(与将来的事实相反)
句式仿写
It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if ________________? (好像是我干的)
He treats his elder sister as though ___________________________. (好像她是一个陌生人)。
短语背诵
(1)___________________________被授予(...)
(2)led to the discovery of ___________________________
(3)a (crucial) new treatment for ___________________________
(4)___________________________数百万
(5)___________________________死于..
(6)has become a vital part of the treatment for___________________________
(7)___________________________被认为可以...
(8)a committed and patient scientist ___________________________
(9)___________________________ 毕业于
(10___________________________ 组建了一只...团队
(11)with the objective of ___________________________
(12)___________________________ 在开始的时候
(13)became the head of the project ___________________________
(14) review ancient Chinese medical texts ___________________________
(15) traditional botanical treatments 传___________________________
(16) distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments___________________________
(17) ___________________________抗击/对抗
(18)___________________________陷入了困境 [get + done 结构]
(19)___________________________承认失败
(20)___________________________偶然
(21)insisted on testing the medicine on themselves ___________________________
(22)became a standard treatment for malaria ___________________________
(23)___________________________是一个团队努力的结果
(24)___________________________一听说...
(25)It is indeed an honour for ___________________________
(26)This success proves the great value of ___________________________
(27)___________________________被流传/被传播
Unit2 Looking into the future
词性转换
1.______________ v.劝说,说服→______________ n. 说服力→ ______________ adj.有说服力的
2.______________ adj. 遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的→______________ n. 距离;远处
3.______________ vt.&vi. (使)结合;混合→ ______________ n. 结合;混合
4.______________ vt. 反对;抵制;阻挠→ ______________ adj. 反对的
5.______________ adj. 效率高的;有功效的→ ______________ adv. 有效地→ ______________ n. 效率;功率→(反) ______________ adj. 无效的
6. ______________ n. 爱好;偏爱→______________ v. 喜欢
7.______________ n. 瞬间;片刻 adj. 立即的;速食的;速溶的→______________ adv. 立刻;马上
8.______________ vi.&vt. 抵制;反抗;抵挡→ ______________ n. 抵制;反对;抗拒→ ______________ adj. 抵制的;有抵抗力的
9.______________ n. 图书管理员;图书馆馆长→ ______________ n. 图书馆
10. ______________ adj. 不正常的;反常的→(反) ______________ adj. 正常的→ ______________ adv. 正常地
11.______________ adj. 精确的;准确的→ ______________ adv. 精确地;准确地→______________ n. 准确;精确
12. ______________ adv. 潜在地;可能地→ ______________ adj. 可能的;潜在的 n. 潜力;可能性
13. ______________ n. 幻想;想象→ ______________ adj. 奇异的;空想的;异想天开的
14. ______________ n. 保护措施;安全工作→______________ adj. 安全的;稳妥的
15. ______________ vi.&vt. 服从;遵守→(反) ______________ 不服从;不遵守
16. ______________ n. 犯罪活动;不法行为→ ______________ n. 罪犯
17. ______________ vt. 预测;预言;预料→______________ n. 预测;预言
18. ______________ n. 职业;占领→______________ v. 占领;占据→______________ adj. 占用的;忙于…的
19. ______________ n. 不存在;缺乏;缺席→______________ adj. 缺席的;不在场的
20. ______________ n. 强调;重视;重要性→______________ v. 强调;重视
21. ______________ adj.有关的;有意义的→______________ adv.贴切地;得要领地→______________ n.关联;适当
22. ______________ vt.& vi.(使)结合;混合→______________ n.结合
核心单词
1.Persuade vt.劝说;说服;使信服;使相信
persuade sb. to do sth. =persuade/talk/argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do sth. =persuade/talk/argue sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
persuade sb. that ... 使某人相信……
①I have managed to persuade him to make his promise.我已设法说服他履行诺言。
②When surfing on the Internet, do not be persuaded into letting out your personal information.当上网的时候,不要被说服透露你的个人信息。
③We finally persuaded Ben of the wisdom of the decision.我们最终使本相信这个决定是明智的。
2.Distant adj.遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的
in the distance 在远处
at/from a distance 隔开一段距离;从远处
at a distance of ... 在……远的距离
keep sb. at a distance 对某人冷淡;与某人疏远
keep one's distance from sb./sth. 与某人/某物保持一定距离
①(2018·浙江高考写作)Much to our delight, the sound of water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the river bank.令我们高兴的是,远处的水声引起了我们的注意,把我们吸引到了河边。
②We saw them waving to us at a distance of two hundred metres.我们在相距200米处就看到他们在向我们招手示意。
③During the outbreak of COVID19, it is essential to kept our distance from others.在新冠肺炎爆发期间,与他人保持一定距离是很有必要的。
3.Switch vt.转换;交换vi.&vt.(使)改变;转变n.开关;转换器;改变
switch on=turn on 打开(电灯、无线电等)
switch off=turn off 关上;断掉(电源等)
switch over 切换;换(电视等的)频道
switch from ... to ... 从……转变/换为……
①Many people switch on their electronic devices simply to kill time.很多人打开他们的电子设备只是为了消磨时间。
②To keep safe, we suggest you (should) switch off your mobile phone before boarding.为了保持安全,我们建议你登机前关掉手机。
③He switched the conversation from one subject to another.他把谈话从一个话题转到另一个话题。4.Preference n.爱好;偏爱;喜爱;优先(权)
(1)have a preference for 偏爱;喜爱
(2)prefer (doing) sth. 更喜欢(做)某事
prefer to do sth. 宁愿做某事
prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.宁愿(做)某事而不愿(做)某事
prefer to do ...rather than do ... 宁愿做……而不愿做……
prefer sb. (not) to do sth. 宁愿某人(不)做某事
prefer that ... (should) do ... 宁愿/喜欢……做……
①As far as I'm concerned, I have a preference for the interesting stories behind it.就我而言,我更喜欢它背后有趣的故事。
②(2019·江苏高考书面表达)Li recommends the traditional Chinese dress while Su prefers to wear the school uniform.李推荐中国传统服装而苏更喜欢穿校服。
③When it comes to my arrangements in summer holiday, I prefer to go traveling rather than stay at home.当谈及我的暑假安排时,我宁愿去旅游而不是待在家里。
5.Command n.指令;命令;控制 vt.命令;控制
(1)under one's command 由……指挥
in command of 指挥;控制
have a good command/knowledge of 掌握;精通(尤指语言)
take/have command of 控制;掌握
(2)command sb. to do ... 命令某人做……
command that ... (should) do 命令……做……
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达) I have a good command of English and Chinese,which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings.我的英文和中文都很好,这对介绍中国画很有帮助。
②For the first time in years, she felt in command of her life.多年来第一次,她觉得生活掌握在自己的手里。
③Our parents often command that we (should) obey traffic rules.父母们经常命令我们要遵守交通规则。
6.Combine vt.&vi.(使)结合;混合;(使)联合
(1)combine ...with/and ... 把……与……结合起来
be combined with 与……结合/联合
(2)in combination (with) (与……)联合/结合
①When you combine work and entertainment, you will feel happier.当你把工作和娱乐结合起来的时候,你会觉得更开心。
②Learn to combine your knowledge with experience, and you are sure to succeed.学会把你的知识和经验结合起来,你一定会成功的。
③The new treatment can be used either alone or in combination with the traditional one.这新疗法可单独使用,也可以和传统疗法结合使用。
7.occupation n.职业;占领
(1)occupy sb./oneself (in) doing sth.使某人/自己忙于做某事
occupy sb./oneself with sth.使某人/自己忙于某事
(2)be occupied in doing sth. 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth. 忙于某事
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)In my spare time, I have been occupied in practising my oral English so I speak English fluently.在我的业余时间,我一直忙于练习我的英语口语,所以我英语说得很流利。
②I don't have much spare time. I'm fully occupied with my work.我没多少业余时间。我工作忙得不可开交。
8.Oppose vt.反对;抵制;阻挠背词条用法
①Now, the government advocates“clear your plate” campaign and opposes wasting food.现在,政府倡导“光盘行动”,反对浪费食物。
②People are strongly opposed to school bullying in any shape or form.人们强烈反对任何形式的校园欺凌。
9.Absence n.不存在;缺乏;缺席;不在
(1)during/in one's absence 某人不在时
absence of mind 心不在焉
in the absence of (物)缺乏;缺少;(人)不在时
(2)be absent from ... 缺席……
① (2020·浙江7月高考写作)During/In your absence, our class participated in an English oral competition, in which we came first.在你不在的时候,我们班参加了英语口语比赛,我们获得了第一名。
②Actually, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.事实上,在没有母语环境的情况下,把英语作为一门外语来学习是非常困难的。
③It is a pity that I was absent from this important activity.非常可惜,我缺席了这次重要的活动。
10.Advocate vt.提倡;支持;拥护 n.提倡者;支持者;拥护者
advocate (doing) sth. 提倡(做)某事
advocate that ... 提倡/主张……(从句谓语用should do, should可省略)
①We advocate paying more attention to environmental protection.我们提倡多关注环境保护。
②I strongly advocate that the children (should) take an active part in sports games.我强烈主张儿童应该积极参加体育活动。
11.resist vi.& vt.抵制;反抗;抵挡;忍住;忍耐
(1)resist doing sth. 抵制/反对做某事
can't resist (doing) sth. 无法抗拒(做某事的)诱惑;忍不住做某事
(2)be resistant to 抵制……;对……有抵抗力
①When shopping, people often can't resist buying something they don't really need.购物时,人们常常忍不住买一些他们并不真正需要的东西。
②Some people are very resistant to the idea, which is not wise. 有些人十分反对这个观点,这是不明智的。
重点短语
1. no longer= not ... any longer 强调时间上“不再...”,表示状态不再延续。
2. keep track of 了解……的动态;与……保持联系
3. can’t help but do sth.
4. sent out 发出(声音、信号、光等);分发,散发
5. hang out 闲逛
6. on the one hand... on the other hand... 一方面……另一方面……
7. switch off/on关/开(电灯、机器等)
8. catch fire 起火;着火
9. in this sense (in...sense) 从这种(某种)意义上来讲
in that sense 从这种(某种)意义上来讲
in a sense 在某种意义上
in no sense 决不;决非(位于句首时,句子用部分倒装)
there's no sense in doing sth. 做……是没有道理/作用的
10. early on在初期;早先
at the earliest 作为最早日期,最早
early in life 早年的时候
early or late 迟早, 早晚
11. keep in touch (with...) (与……)保持联系;了解(某课题或领域的情况)
get in/into touch with 和……取得联系
lose touch with 和……失去联系;对……变得生疏
be in touch with 同……有联系;了解……的情况
be out of touch with 同……失去联系;与……没有通信
重点句式
重点句式1 what引导名词性从句
(教材P14)…so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.……所以如果你想改变你的日常工作,你只要大声说出你想要什么,家庭系统就会服从。
句式分析:句中what you want为what引导的名词性从句,作动词say的宾语。
[知识拓展]
(1)what引导的名词性从句除了可以作宾语外,还可以在句中作主语、表语或同位语等。
(2)what在所引导的名词性从句中充当一定的成分。
(3)what引导的名词性从句用陈述语序。
[名师点津] 名词性从句中的what与that
what引导名词性从句常在从句中表示某种意义且作成分,而that引导名词性从句时,that在从句中一般无意义,且在从句中不作任何句子成分。
重点句式2 “特殊疑问词+不定式”结构
(教材P15)It will also give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how to sleep better. 它还会为你提供更健康的饮食和如何睡得更好的建议。
句式分析:句中how to sleep better为“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构,作介词on的宾语。
[知识拓展]
(1)常见的特殊疑问词:疑问代词who,what,which等和疑问副词how,when,where等。
(2)语法功能:该结构相当于名词性从句,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等(作主语时,谓语动词常用单数)。
(3)通常用在tell,show,understand,explain,teach,learn,discuss等动词后面的特殊疑问代词与构成不定式的动词之间为动宾关系时,不定式通常用主动形式。
重点句式3 before引导时间状语从句
(教材P15)Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.然而,要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。
句式分析:句中before引导的是一个时间状语从句。
[知识拓展]
(1)“It was+时间段+before...”表示“过了多久才……”。从句常用一般过去时。
(2)“It was not long before...”意为“不久就……”。从句常用一般过去时。
(3)“It will not be long before...”表示“不久就会……”。从句常用一般现在时。
(4)“It will be+时间段+before...”表示“要过多久才……”。从句常用一般现在时。
It is possible that this technological fantasy will come true in the distant future.这种技术幻想有可能在遥远的未来实现。
【析】句子结构 It + be + adj. +that......引导的主语从句当that引导的从句作主语时,为了保持句子平衡,避免头重脚轻,通常把它移到句子后面,用it作形式主语,放到句首。that在句中仅起连接作用,不作成分,但不能省略。It + be + adj. +that引导的主语从句句型中常见的形容词有obvious, clear, evident, true, possible, certain, likely, probable 等。
重点句式4 现在分词作定语
(教材P20)Probably the most well known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America.最著名的可能是阿米什人,一群生活在美国农村的基督徒。
句式分析:现在分词短语living in rural America作名词Christians的后置定语。
[知识拓展]
(1)现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,表示该动作的主动和进行。
(2)单个现在分词作定语,放在所修饰词的前面,而现在分词短语作定语则放在所修饰词的后面。
重点句式5 make it ...(for sb.) to do...
(教材P20)Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.此外,互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系,即使他们在世界的两端。
句式分析:句中made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch为“make it ...(for sb.) to do...”结构,意为“使(某人)做(某事)成为……”,形容词possible是宾语补足语。
[知识拓展]
在make it...(for sb.) to do...结构中,it是形式宾语,to do...是真正的宾语。常用这种结构的动词还有find, feel, think, consider等。
重点句式6 as引导原因状语从句
(教材P20)It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.它还让人们在生活中寻找机会更容易,因为它让人们通过使用社交媒体结交更多的朋友。
句式分析:as引导原因状语从句,既可放在主句前也可放在主句后。一般来说,as引导原因状语从句表示双方都知道的原因。
[知识拓展]
(1)引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时;一边……一边……;随着”。
(2)引导方式状语从句,意为“正如;就像”。
(3)引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管;虽然”,从句应倒装。
(4)引导比较状语从句,表示“像……一样地”。
短语背诵
1.________________________________________ 关掉电视
2.________________________________________ 发生在某人身上
3. ________________________________________ 资源浪费
4.in the not-too-distant future ________________________________________
5.________________________________________确保我们安全 (keep +宾语+宾补)
6.________________________________________节省精力 (save sb time,money and energy节省了时间、金钱和精力)
7. Intelligent Controls________________________________________
8.use knobs for our appliances ________________________________________
9.________________________________________ 远程遥控器
10.________________________________________ 空调机
11.________________________________________自动控制
12. integrated sensors to tell ________________________________________
13. go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself________________________________________
14. ________________________________________ 一...就
15. respond to voice commands ________________________________________
16.monitoring your health ________________________________________
17.record how well you sleep ________________________________________
18.send a warning to your phone ________________________________________
19.give you suggestions on a healthier diet________________________________________
20.keep constant track of your health ________________________________________
21.there is a short in the electrical wiring ________________________________________
22.provide you with the relevant information ________________________________________
23.________________________________________解决了这个问题
24.________________________________________ 被水淹
25.________________________________________ 这需要几年才能...
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清单01选择性必修第一册Unit 1 - Unit 2
Unit 1 People of Achievement
词性转换
1.______________n.生理学;生理机能→______________ adj.生理学的→______________adv.生理学家
2.______________adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的→______________vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入→______________n.承诺;投入
3.______________n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校→______________adj.学业的;学术的
4.______________adj.植物学的→______________n.植物学→______________n.植物学家
5.______________vt.评价;评估→______________n.评价;评估
6.______________adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的→______________n.区别
7.______________vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢→______________adj.公认的→______________n.承认;感谢
8.______________vt.分析→______________n.分析
9.______________adv.显而易见;显然→______________adj.显而易见的;显然的
10.______________adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的→______________n.科学→______________n.科学家
11.______________adv.主要地;一般地→______________adj.大多数的
12.______________n.结论;推论→______________v.推断;结束
13.______________n.小说家→______________n.(长篇)小说
14.______________n.从政者;政治家;政客→______________n.政治→______________adj.政治的;党派的
15.______________n.相对论;相对性→______________adj.相对的→______________adv.相对地
16.______________adj.温柔的;文静的→______________adv.轻轻地;温和地→______________n.温顺;亲切
17.______________n.酷爱;激情→______________adj.狂热的
18.______________adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的→______________adj.普通的;平常的
19.______________adv.逐渐地;逐步地→______________adj.逐渐的;平缓的
20.______________n.社会公共机构;制度;习俗→______________n.(教育、专业等)机构;机构建筑
21.______________n.结果;后果→______________adj.随之发生的;作为结果的→______________adv.因此;所以
22.______________adj.非凡的;显著的→______________adv.显著地;非常地
【答案】
1.physiology n.生理学;生理机能→physiological adj.生理学的→physiologist adv.生理学家
2.committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的→commit vt.承诺;保证 vi.忠于;全心全意投入→commitment n.承诺;投入
3.academy n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院;学会;专科院校→academic adj.学业的;学术的
4.botanical adj.植物学的→botany n.植物学→botanist n.植物学家
5.evaluate vt.评价;评估→evaluation n.评价;评估
6.distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的→distinction n.区别
7.acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢→acknowledged adj.公认的→acknowledgement n.承认;感谢
8.analyse vt.分析→analysis n.分析
9.apparently adv.显而易见;显然→apparent adj.显而易见的;显然的
10.scientific adj.科学(上)的;关于科学的→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家
11.mostly adv.主要地;一般地→most adj.大多数的
12.conclusion n.结论;推论→conclude v.推断;结束
13.novelist n.小说家→novel n.(长篇)小说
14.politician n.从政者;政治家;政客→politics n.政治→political adj.政治的;党派的
15.relativity n.相对论;相对性→relative adj.相对的→relatively adv.相对地
16.gentle adj.温柔的;文静的→gently adv.轻轻地;温和地→gentleness n.温顺;亲切
17.passion n.酷爱;激情→passionate adj.狂热的
18.extraordinary adj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的→ordinary adj.普通的;平常的
19.gradually adv.逐渐地;逐步地→gradual adj.逐渐的;平缓的
20.institution n.社会公共机构;制度;习俗→institute n.(教育、专业等)机构;机构建筑
21.consequence n.结果;后果→consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的→consequently adv.因此;所以
22.remarkable adj.非凡的;显著的→remarkably adv.显著地;非常地
核心单词
1.commitvt.承诺;保证vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)
(1)commit ...to ... 把……投入……
commit oneself to do/doing 承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)
commit a mistake/crime 犯错误/罪
be committed to (doing) sth. 献身于/致力于(做)某事
(2)make a commitment 作出承诺
①If the students' interest in the subject is motivated, they will commit more time and energy to their studies.如果学生在这个学科上的兴趣受到激发,他们会投入更多的时间和精力在学习上。
②I commit myself to do what I can to help you.我承诺尽可能的去帮助你。
③Committed to doing medical research, he was awarded Medal of the Republic.他致力于医学研究,被授予“共和国勋章”。
2.acknowledgevt.认可;承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢;告知收到
(1)acknowledge (doing) sth. 承认(做)某事
acknowledge that ... 承认……
acknowledge ...to be/as ... 认为……是……
It is universally/widely acknowledged that ... ……是大家所公认的
(2) in acknowledgement of ... 为表示对……的感谢;以承认……
①The country has acknowledged having taken every means to fight against any possible infection.该国承认已采取一切手段抗击任何可能的感染。
②Yuan Longping is widely acknowledged to be one of the great scientists in the world.袁隆平被公认为世界上最伟大的科学家之一。
③(2019·江苏高考书面表达)It is widely acknowledged that the school uniforms are a better choice than the traditional Chinese dress for such an occasion.人们普遍认为,在这样的场合,校服是比传统的中国服装更好的选择。
3.Insist vi.&vt.坚持;坚决要求
insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事
insist that ...(should) do 坚决要求……做
①You should respect the views of others, and at the same time insist on what you think is right.你应该尊重别人的观点,同时坚持你认为是正确的。
②The government insisted that plans (should) be made to help those out of work.政府坚决要求制订计划帮助失业的人。
4.conclusion n.结论;推论
(1)come to/draw/reach/get to/arrive at a conclusion (from) (由……)得出结论
in conclusion 最后;总之
(2)conclude that 得出结论……
conclude ...with/by ... 以……结束……
conclude ...from ... 从……中推断……
to conclude 总而言之;最后
①From the story I can conclude that those who take positive attitude towards work will be rewarded.从这个故事中我可以得出结论,那些对工作采取积极态度的人将得到回报。
②I've come to the conclusion that he's the right person for the job.我已经得出结论:他是这项工作的合适人选。③In conclusion, mutual understanding plays a key role in building a friendly relationship.总之,相互理解对建立友好关系至关重要。
5.Circumstance n.条件;环境;状况(常用复数)
under/in no circumstances 无论如何都不……(位于句首时句子要部分倒装)
under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下;既然这样
under/in any circumstance(s) 在任何情况下
①Students should stick to their dreams under any circumstances.在任何情况下,学生都应该坚持他们的梦想。②Under no circumstance should people waste food to support the “clear your plate” campaign.为了支持“光盘”行动,在任何情况下人们都不能浪费食物。
6.Consequence n.结果;后果
as a consequence=as a result=in consequence因此;结果
as a consequence of=as a result of=in consequence of 由于……的缘故
take/suffer/bear the consequences of 承担……的后果
①Many species have died out in consequence of/as a consequence of man's activities.由于人类的活动,许多物种已经灭绝了。
②As a consequence/In consequence, he was eventually admitted to Nanjing University.结果,他最终被南京大学录取。
7.Remarkable adj.值得注意的;显著的;非凡的
(1)remark on/upon 就……发表意见;评论
remark that ... 谈到……;说起……
(2)make a remark on/about 就……发表意见
①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)She said we had made remarkable progress in the last exam.她说我们在上次考试中取得了显著的进步。
②Miss Li remarked on/upon some students' cheating in exams, whose words left a deep impression on us.李老师评论了一些学生考试作弊的事,他的话给我们留下了深刻的印象。
③(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)After the short film, each class is supposed to have a discussion and all the students are expected to make remarks and express their views about the short film.短片结束后,每个班都应进行讨论并且期望所有的学生都发表评论,表达他们对这部短片的看法。
重点短语
stand up to 经得住(检验等)
(1) 支持,维护 stand up for
(2) 代表,象征 stand for
(3) 袖手旁观;支持某人;信守,遵守(诺言、协定) stand by
(4) 突出,显眼,脱颖而出 stand out
come to power (开始) 掌权;上台(强调动作)
(1) 执政(状态) be in power
(2) 为某人能力所不及 beyond one’s power
(3) 在能力(权力)之内 within one’s power
take up 占用(时间),占据空间;接受;开始从事
(1) 占用大量的时间 take up a lot of time
(2) 占空间 take up space/room
(3) 开始从事写作 take up writing
(4) 拆开,拆卸 take apart
(5) 吸收;理解;收留;欺骗 take in
(6) 脱下;起飞;突然开始成功,突然大受欢迎;休假 take off
(7) 呈现;雇用;承担 take on
(8) 接管,接任 take over
(9) 注意到 take notice of
重点句式
1. on/upon +n./v.ing 是介词短语,表示“一......就......”作时间状语
教材原句
获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我......”Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine …”
句式仿写
一旦看到它,你就永远不会忘记它。
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】On/upon hearing it, you will never forget it.
总结“一......就......”的其他表达法:
一......,就......(引导时间状语从句)as soon as
(1) Hardly/scarely…when…/ no sooner … than … (注意:当 hardly, scarcely, no sooner than 位于句首时,主句用部分倒装结构,从句不用倒装)
(2) 一看见、听见...... at the sight/sound of
(3) 名词作连词,后跟句子 the moment/minute/instant/second+句子
(4) 副词用作连词,后跟句子 immediately/instantly/directly+句子
2. It is an honor for sb./sth. to do sth. 对某人、某物来说做某事是个荣耀。
教材原句
中国的科学研究和中医药得以在全世界传播,确实是一个荣誉。It is indeed an honor for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to spread around the world.
句式仿写
我很荣幸能站在这里演讲。
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】It’s a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech.
3. It strikes sb. that … 某人突然想到......
某人突然想到......的其他表达方式:
sth. occurs to sb./
sth. hits sb./sth. strikes sb./
It occurs to sb that …/It hit sb. that …
句式仿写
我突然想到我们应该制订一个新计划。
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】It occurred to me that we ought to make a new plan.
4. As though/if 从句(虚拟语气)
教材原句
他胡须浓密,头发又长又白,有时会像刚遭了电击似的竖起来。He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock.
注意:
as if/though 从句用虚拟语气从句用一般过去时(与现在事实相反)从句用过去完成时(过去事实相反)从句用 would/ could/ might do 形式(与将来的事实相反)
句式仿写
It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if ________________? (好像是我干的)
He treats his elder sister as though ___________________________. (好像她是一个陌生人)。
【答案】I had done it ; she were a stranger
短语背诵
(1)___________________________被授予(...)
(2)led to the discovery of ___________________________
(3)a (crucial) new treatment for ___________________________
(4)___________________________数百万
(5)___________________________死于..
(6)has become a vital part of the treatment for___________________________
(7)___________________________被认为可以...
(8)a committed and patient scientist ___________________________
(9)___________________________ 毕业于
(10___________________________ 组建了一只...团队
(11)with the objective of ___________________________
(12)___________________________ 在开始的时候
(13)became the head of the project ___________________________
(14) review ancient Chinese medical texts ___________________________
(15) traditional botanical treatments 传___________________________
(16) distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments___________________________
(17) ___________________________抗击/对抗
(18)___________________________陷入了困境 [get + done 结构]
(19)___________________________承认失败
(20)___________________________偶然
(21)insisted on testing the medicine on themselves ___________________________
(22)became a standard treatment for malaria ___________________________
(23)___________________________是一个团队努力的结果
(24)___________________________一听说...
(25)It is indeed an honour for ___________________________
(26)This success proves the great value of ___________________________
(27)___________________________被流传/被传播
【答案】
(1)has been awarded to 被授予(...)
(2)led to the discovery of 促使了..的发现
(3)a (crucial) new treatment for 治疗...的新疗法
(4)hundreds of thousands of 数百万
(5)die from 死于..
(6)has become a vital part of the treatment for已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分
(7)is thought to do 被认为可以...
(8)a committed and patient scientist 一位坚定而耐心的科学家
(9)graduated from 毕业于
(10)formed a team of 组建了一只...团队
(11)with the objective of 为了
(12)in the beginning 在开始的时候
(13)became the head of the project 成为项目负责人
(14) review ancient Chinese medical texts 复阅中国古代医药文献
(15) traditional botanical treatments 传统植物疗法
(16) distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments不同的中国古代疗法
(17) in the fight against..抗击/对抗
(18)got stuck 陷入了困境 [get + done 结构]
(19)acknowledge defeat 承认失败
(20)by chance = by accident 偶然
(21)insisted on testing the medicine on themselves 坚持在自己身上测试药物
(22)became a standard treatment for malaria 成为治疗疟疾的标准药物。
(23)was a team effort 是一个团队努力的结果
(24)Upon hearing that 一听说...
(25)It is indeed an honour for 确实是一种荣誉
(26)This success proves the great value of 这一成功证明了... 的巨大价值
(27)to be spread 被流传/被传播
Unit2 Looking into the future
词性转换
1.______________ v.劝说,说服→______________ n. 说服力→ ______________ adj.有说服力的
2.______________ adj. 遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的→______________ n. 距离;远处
3.______________ vt.&vi. (使)结合;混合→ ______________ n. 结合;混合
4.______________ vt. 反对;抵制;阻挠→ ______________ adj. 反对的
5.______________ adj. 效率高的;有功效的→ ______________ adv. 有效地→ ______________ n. 效率;功率→(反) ______________ adj. 无效的
6. ______________ n. 爱好;偏爱→______________ v. 喜欢
7.______________ n. 瞬间;片刻 adj. 立即的;速食的;速溶的→______________ adv. 立刻;马上
8.______________ vi.&vt. 抵制;反抗;抵挡→ ______________ n. 抵制;反对;抗拒→ ______________ adj. 抵制的;有抵抗力的
9.______________ n. 图书管理员;图书馆馆长→ ______________ n. 图书馆
10. ______________ adj. 不正常的;反常的→(反) ______________ adj. 正常的→ ______________ adv. 正常地
11.______________ adj. 精确的;准确的→ ______________ adv. 精确地;准确地→______________ n. 准确;精确
12. ______________ adv. 潜在地;可能地→ ______________ adj. 可能的;潜在的 n. 潜力;可能性
13. ______________ n. 幻想;想象→ ______________ adj. 奇异的;空想的;异想天开的
14. ______________ n. 保护措施;安全工作→______________ adj. 安全的;稳妥的
15. ______________ vi.&vt. 服从;遵守→(反) ______________ 不服从;不遵守
16. ______________ n. 犯罪活动;不法行为→ ______________ n. 罪犯
17. ______________ vt. 预测;预言;预料→______________ n. 预测;预言
18. ______________ n. 职业;占领→______________ v. 占领;占据→______________ adj. 占用的;忙于…的
19. ______________ n. 不存在;缺乏;缺席→______________ adj. 缺席的;不在场的
20. ______________ n. 强调;重视;重要性→______________ v. 强调;重视
21. ______________ adj.有关的;有意义的→______________ adv.贴切地;得要领地→______________ n.关联;适当
22. ______________ vt.& vi.(使)结合;混合→______________ n.结合
【答案】
1.persuade v.劝说,说服→persuasion n. 说服力→ persuasive adj.有说服力的
2.distant adj. 遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的→distance n. 距离;远处
3.combine vt.&vi. (使)结合;混合→ combination n. 结合;混合
4.oppose vt. 反对;抵制;阻挠→ opposed adj. 反对的
5.efficient adj. 效率高的;有功效的→ efficiently adv. 有效地→ efficiency n. 效率;功率→(反) ineffective adj. 无效的
6. preference n. 爱好;偏爱→prefer v. 喜欢→preferred→preferred
7.instant n. 瞬间;片刻 adj. 立即的;速食的;速溶的→instantly adv. 立刻;马上
8.resist vi.&vt. 抵制;反抗;抵挡→ resistance n. 抵制;反对;抗拒→ resistant adj. 抵制的;有抵抗力的9.librarian n. 图书管理员;图书馆馆长→ library n. 图书馆
10. abnormal adj. 不正常的;反常的→(反) normal adj. 正常的→ normally adv. 正常地
11.accurate adj. 精确的;准确的→ accurately adv. 精确地;准确地→accuracy n. 准确;精确
12. potentially adv. 潜在地;可能地→ potential adj. 可能的;潜在的 n. 潜力;可能性
13. fantasy n. 幻想;想象→ fantastic adj. 奇异的;空想的;异想天开的
14. security n. 保护措施;安全工作→secure adj. 安全的;稳妥的
15. obey vi.&vt. 服从;遵守→(反) disobey 不服从;不遵守
16. crime n. 犯罪活动;不法行为→ criminal n. 罪犯
17. predict vt. 预测;预言;预料→prediction n. 预测;预言
18. occupation n. 职业;占领→occupy v. 占领;占据→occupied adj. 占用的;忙于…的
19. absence n. 不存在;缺乏;缺席→absent adj. 缺席的;不在场的
20. emphasis n. 强调;重视;重要性→emphasize v. 强调;重视
21. relevant adj.有关的;有意义的→relevantly adv.贴切地;得要领地→relevance n.关联;适当
22. combine vt.& vi.(使)结合;混合→combination n.结合
核心单词
1.Persuade vt.劝说;说服;使信服;使相信
persuade sb. to do sth. =persuade/talk/argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do sth. =persuade/talk/argue sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
persuade sb. that ... 使某人相信……
①I have managed to persuade him to make his promise.我已设法说服他履行诺言。
②When surfing on the Internet, do not be persuaded into letting out your personal information.当上网的时候,不要被说服透露你的个人信息。
③We finally persuaded Ben of the wisdom of the decision.我们最终使本相信这个决定是明智的。
2.Distant adj.遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的
in the distance 在远处
at/from a distance 隔开一段距离;从远处
at a distance of ... 在……远的距离
keep sb. at a distance 对某人冷淡;与某人疏远
keep one's distance from sb./sth. 与某人/某物保持一定距离
①(2018·浙江高考写作)Much to our delight, the sound of water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the river bank.令我们高兴的是,远处的水声引起了我们的注意,把我们吸引到了河边。
②We saw them waving to us at a distance of two hundred metres.我们在相距200米处就看到他们在向我们招手示意。
③During the outbreak of COVID19, it is essential to kept our distance from others.在新冠肺炎爆发期间,与他人保持一定距离是很有必要的。
3.Switch vt.转换;交换vi.&vt.(使)改变;转变n.开关;转换器;改变
switch on=turn on 打开(电灯、无线电等)
switch off=turn off 关上;断掉(电源等)
switch over 切换;换(电视等的)频道
switch from ... to ... 从……转变/换为……
①Many people switch on their electronic devices simply to kill time.很多人打开他们的电子设备只是为了消磨时间。
②To keep safe, we suggest you (should) switch off your mobile phone before boarding.为了保持安全,我们建议你登机前关掉手机。
③He switched the conversation from one subject to another.他把谈话从一个话题转到另一个话题。4.Preference n.爱好;偏爱;喜爱;优先(权)
(1)have a preference for 偏爱;喜爱
(2)prefer (doing) sth. 更喜欢(做)某事
prefer to do sth. 宁愿做某事
prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.宁愿(做)某事而不愿(做)某事
prefer to do ...rather than do ... 宁愿做……而不愿做……
prefer sb. (not) to do sth. 宁愿某人(不)做某事
prefer that ... (should) do ... 宁愿/喜欢……做……
①As far as I'm concerned, I have a preference for the interesting stories behind it.就我而言,我更喜欢它背后有趣的故事。
②(2019·江苏高考书面表达)Li recommends the traditional Chinese dress while Su prefers to wear the school uniform.李推荐中国传统服装而苏更喜欢穿校服。
③When it comes to my arrangements in summer holiday, I prefer to go traveling rather than stay at home.当谈及我的暑假安排时,我宁愿去旅游而不是待在家里。
5.Command n.指令;命令;控制 vt.命令;控制
(1)under one's command 由……指挥
in command of 指挥;控制
have a good command/knowledge of 掌握;精通(尤指语言)
take/have command of 控制;掌握
(2)command sb. to do ... 命令某人做……
command that ... (should) do 命令……做……
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达) I have a good command of English and Chinese,which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings.我的英文和中文都很好,这对介绍中国画很有帮助。
②For the first time in years, she felt in command of her life.多年来第一次,她觉得生活掌握在自己的手里。
③Our parents often command that we (should) obey traffic rules.父母们经常命令我们要遵守交通规则。
6.Combine vt.&vi.(使)结合;混合;(使)联合
(1)combine ...with/and ... 把……与……结合起来
be combined with 与……结合/联合
(2)in combination (with) (与……)联合/结合
①When you combine work and entertainment, you will feel happier.当你把工作和娱乐结合起来的时候,你会觉得更开心。
②Learn to combine your knowledge with experience, and you are sure to succeed.学会把你的知识和经验结合起来,你一定会成功的。
③The new treatment can be used either alone or in combination with the traditional one.这新疗法可单独使用,也可以和传统疗法结合使用。
7.occupation n.职业;占领
(1)occupy sb./oneself (in) doing sth.使某人/自己忙于做某事
occupy sb./oneself with sth.使某人/自己忙于某事
(2)be occupied in doing sth. 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth. 忙于某事
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)In my spare time, I have been occupied in practising my oral English so I speak English fluently.在我的业余时间,我一直忙于练习我的英语口语,所以我英语说得很流利。
②I don't have much spare time. I'm fully occupied with my work.我没多少业余时间。我工作忙得不可开交。
8.Oppose vt.反对;抵制;阻挠背词条用法
①Now, the government advocates“clear your plate” campaign and opposes wasting food.现在,政府倡导“光盘行动”,反对浪费食物。
②People are strongly opposed to school bullying in any shape or form.人们强烈反对任何形式的校园欺凌。
9.Absence n.不存在;缺乏;缺席;不在
(1)during/in one's absence 某人不在时
absence of mind 心不在焉
in the absence of (物)缺乏;缺少;(人)不在时
(2)be absent from ... 缺席……
① (2020·浙江7月高考写作)During/In your absence, our class participated in an English oral competition, in which we came first.在你不在的时候,我们班参加了英语口语比赛,我们获得了第一名。
②Actually, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.事实上,在没有母语环境的情况下,把英语作为一门外语来学习是非常困难的。
③It is a pity that I was absent from this important activity.非常可惜,我缺席了这次重要的活动。
10.Advocate vt.提倡;支持;拥护 n.提倡者;支持者;拥护者
advocate (doing) sth. 提倡(做)某事
advocate that ... 提倡/主张……(从句谓语用should do, should可省略)
①We advocate paying more attention to environmental protection.我们提倡多关注环境保护。
②I strongly advocate that the children (should) take an active part in sports games.我强烈主张儿童应该积极参加体育活动。
11.resist vi.& vt.抵制;反抗;抵挡;忍住;忍耐
(1)resist doing sth. 抵制/反对做某事
can't resist (doing) sth. 无法抗拒(做某事的)诱惑;忍不住做某事
(2)be resistant to 抵制……;对……有抵抗力
①When shopping, people often can't resist buying something they don't really need.购物时,人们常常忍不住买一些他们并不真正需要的东西。
②Some people are very resistant to the idea, which is not wise. 有些人十分反对这个观点,这是不明智的。
重点短语
1. no longer= not ... any longer 强调时间上“不再...”,表示状态不再延续。
2. keep track of 了解……的动态;与……保持联系
3. can’t help but do sth.
4. sent out 发出(声音、信号、光等);分发,散发
5. hang out 闲逛
6. on the one hand... on the other hand... 一方面……另一方面……
7. switch off/on关/开(电灯、机器等)
8. catch fire 起火;着火
9. in this sense (in...sense) 从这种(某种)意义上来讲
in that sense 从这种(某种)意义上来讲
in a sense 在某种意义上
in no sense 决不;决非(位于句首时,句子用部分倒装)
there's no sense in doing sth. 做……是没有道理/作用的
10. early on在初期;早先
at the earliest 作为最早日期,最早
early in life 早年的时候
early or late 迟早, 早晚
11. keep in touch (with...) (与……)保持联系;了解(某课题或领域的情况)
get in/into touch with 和……取得联系
lose touch with 和……失去联系;对……变得生疏
be in touch with 同……有联系;了解……的情况
be out of touch with 同……失去联系;与……没有通信
重点句式
重点句式1 what引导名词性从句
(教材P14)…so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.……所以如果你想改变你的日常工作,你只要大声说出你想要什么,家庭系统就会服从。
句式分析:句中what you want为what引导的名词性从句,作动词say的宾语。
[知识拓展]
(1)what引导的名词性从句除了可以作宾语外,还可以在句中作主语、表语或同位语等。
(2)what在所引导的名词性从句中充当一定的成分。
(3)what引导的名词性从句用陈述语序。
[名师点津] 名词性从句中的what与that
what引导名词性从句常在从句中表示某种意义且作成分,而that引导名词性从句时,that在从句中一般无意义,且在从句中不作任何句子成分。
重点句式2 “特殊疑问词+不定式”结构
(教材P15)It will also give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how to sleep better. 它还会为你提供更健康的饮食和如何睡得更好的建议。
句式分析:句中how to sleep better为“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构,作介词on的宾语。
[知识拓展]
(1)常见的特殊疑问词:疑问代词who,what,which等和疑问副词how,when,where等。
(2)语法功能:该结构相当于名词性从句,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等(作主语时,谓语动词常用单数)。
(3)通常用在tell,show,understand,explain,teach,learn,discuss等动词后面的特殊疑问代词与构成不定式的动词之间为动宾关系时,不定式通常用主动形式。
重点句式3 before引导时间状语从句
(教材P15)Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology.然而,要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。
句式分析:句中before引导的是一个时间状语从句。
[知识拓展]
(1)“It was+时间段+before...”表示“过了多久才……”。从句常用一般过去时。
(2)“It was not long before...”意为“不久就……”。从句常用一般过去时。
(3)“It will not be long before...”表示“不久就会……”。从句常用一般现在时。
(4)“It will be+时间段+before...”表示“要过多久才……”。从句常用一般现在时。
It is possible that this technological fantasy will come true in the distant future.这种技术幻想有可能在遥远的未来实现。
【析】句子结构 It + be + adj. +that......引导的主语从句当that引导的从句作主语时,为了保持句子平衡,避免头重脚轻,通常把它移到句子后面,用it作形式主语,放到句首。that在句中仅起连接作用,不作成分,但不能省略。It + be + adj. +that引导的主语从句句型中常见的形容词有obvious, clear, evident, true, possible, certain, likely, probable 等。
重点句式4 现在分词作定语
(教材P20)Probably the most well known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America.最著名的可能是阿米什人,一群生活在美国农村的基督徒。
句式分析:现在分词短语living in rural America作名词Christians的后置定语。
[知识拓展]
(1)现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,表示该动作的主动和进行。
(2)单个现在分词作定语,放在所修饰词的前面,而现在分词短语作定语则放在所修饰词的后面。
重点句式5 make it ...(for sb.) to do...
(教材P20)Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.此外,互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系,即使他们在世界的两端。
句式分析:句中made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch为“make it ...(for sb.) to do...”结构,意为“使(某人)做(某事)成为……”,形容词possible是宾语补足语。
[知识拓展]
在make it...(for sb.) to do...结构中,it是形式宾语,to do...是真正的宾语。常用这种结构的动词还有find, feel, think, consider等。
重点句式6 as引导原因状语从句
(教材P20)It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.它还让人们在生活中寻找机会更容易,因为它让人们通过使用社交媒体结交更多的朋友。
句式分析:as引导原因状语从句,既可放在主句前也可放在主句后。一般来说,as引导原因状语从句表示双方都知道的原因。
[知识拓展]
(1)引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时;一边……一边……;随着”。
(2)引导方式状语从句,意为“正如;就像”。
(3)引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管;虽然”,从句应倒装。
(4)引导比较状语从句,表示“像……一样地”。
短语背诵
1.________________________________________ 关掉电视
2.________________________________________ 发生在某人身上
3. ________________________________________ 资源浪费
4.in the not-too-distant future ________________________________________
5.________________________________________确保我们安全 (keep +宾语+宾补)
6.________________________________________节省精力 (save sb time,money and energy节省了时间、金钱和精力)
7. Intelligent Controls________________________________________
8.use knobs for our appliances ________________________________________
9.________________________________________ 远程遥控器
10.________________________________________ 空调机
11.________________________________________自动控制
12. integrated sensors to tell ________________________________________
13. go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself________________________________________
14. ________________________________________ 一...就
15. respond to voice commands ________________________________________
16.monitoring your health ________________________________________
17.record how well you sleep ________________________________________
18.send a warning to your phone ________________________________________
19.give you suggestions on a healthier diet________________________________________
20.keep constant track of your health ________________________________________
21.there is a short in the electrical wiring ________________________________________
22.provide you with the relevant information ________________________________________
23.________________________________________解决了这个问题
24.________________________________________ 被水淹
25.________________________________________ 这需要几年才能...
【答案】
1.switch off the TV 关掉电视
2.happen to sb 发生在某人身上
3. waste resources 资源浪费
4.in the not-too-distant future 在不久的将来
5.keep us secure 确保我们安全 (keep +宾语+宾补)
6.save us energy节省精力 (save sb time,money and energy节省了时间、金钱和精力)
7. Intelligent Controls智能控制
8.use knobs for our appliances 使用旋钮来控制我们的家用电器
9.remote controls 远程遥控器
10.air conditioners 空调机
11.automatic control 自动控制
12. integrated sensors to tell 集成的传感器来告诉你
13. go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself(自动; 独自) 自动进入节能模式9
14. the instant 一...就
15. respond to voice commands 响应语音指令
16.monitoring your health 监测你的健康状况
17.record how well you sleep 记录你睡得怎么样
18.send a warning to your phone 将警告发到你的手机上
19.give you suggestions on a healthier diet 为你提供更健康的饮食
20.keep constant track of your health 持续记录你的健康状况
21.there is a short in the electrical wiring 发生电线短路
22.provide you with the relevant information 给你提供相关的信息
23.fix the problem 解决了这个问题
24.become flooded 被水淹
25.it will take some years before... 这需要几年才能...
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