串讲03 过去完成时考点归纳及练习 - 2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中考点大串讲（人教版2019选择性必修第一册+选必二1～2单元）

串讲03 过去完成时 过去完成时 1 PART ONE 表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束, 也可能是早已完成或结束, 即“过去的过去”；也可以指过去的动作延续到过去的某个时刻。 定义： 1）过去完成时基本构成形式: had +过去分词。 2）过去完成时的否定形式: had + not + 过去分词。 3）过去完成时的一般疑问句及其回答形式: 疑问句要把had提到句首；回答用Yes, 主语+ had. / No, 主语+ hadn’t.   4)过去完成时的被动语态：had been done 构成： 1）过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。  2）表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到过去的这一时间，而且还可能继续下去的动作，常和for, since构成的短语或引导的从句连用。 3）放在said，told，asked，thought，wondered等过去时动词的后面，表示在这些动作发生之前已经发生了的事情。 用法： by the time 意为“到……时候(为止)”, 是一个介词短语, 在句中常起到连词的作用, 有时需要使用过去完成时，引导时间状语从句。  (1)如果从句中的谓语动词是一般过去时, 那么主句的谓语动词通常用过去完成时, 表示“截止到从句动作发生时, 主句动作已经完成, 即过去的过去”。  (2)如果从句中的谓语动词为一般现在时或现在完成时, 那么主句中的谓语动词常用将来完成时, 表示“截止到将来的某一时刻为止, 主句动作将已完成”。  (3)注意：by the end of +时间点意为“到……结束时”。...... 过去完成时的特殊用法 2 PART TWO By 5:00 yesterday morning we had done that work. I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university. 要点精讲1： 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成。 句中常用by, by the end of, be the time…引导的时间状语或以before, until, when, than等词引导的内含一般过去时的时间状语从句。 概括为：过去的过去。 【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. (2014·山东) Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we _____________ (expect). 2. (2015·安徽)Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I _____________ (leave) my bank in the cafe. 3. (2016·浙江) Silk____________(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 4. (2017·北京卷) In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones __________ (not invent) yet. 过去的过去： 【答案与解析】 1. had expected。结合语境应用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。故答案是had expected。 2. had left。结合语境应用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。故答案是had left。 3. had become。by about 100 BC是解答本题关键，应用过去完成时。故答案是had become。 4. hadn’t been invented。结合语境应用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”；又是被动含义。故答案是hadn’t been invented。 过去的过去： They had wanted to help but couldn't get here in time. I had intended to call on you, but was prevented from doing so. 要点精讲2： intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而未做的事。 【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 I _____________(plan) to help you but couldn’t get here in time. 【答案与解析】 had planned intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而未做的事。故答案是had planned。 本来打算做而未做： This was the first time they had met in thirty-nine years.   It was the fourth time she had shopped online for hours. 要点精讲3： 在 It was the first/second/third…time that…句型中，that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。 【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. There was a knock on the door. It was the second time someone _____________(interrupt) me that evening. 2. That was the first time she _____________ (leave) alone at home during the weekends, bored to death. It was the first/second/third…time that…： 【答案与解析】 1. had interrupted。在 It was the first/second/third…time that…句型中，that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。故答案是had interrupted。 2. had left。在 It/That was the first/second/third…time that…句型中，that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。故答案是had left。 It was the first/second/third…time that…： She hardly had gone to bed when the bell rang. No sooner had they left the building than a bomb exploded. 要点精讲4： 在hardly/scarcely … when…和no sooner… than…句型中，主句常用过去完成时。 【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. She ________ no sooner _________(get) to the office than she got down to writing the report. 2. Hardly had I arrived home when the telephone _____________ (ring). hardly/scarcely … when…和no sooner… than… 【答案与解析】 1. had; got。在hardly/scarcely … when…和no sooner… than…句型中，主句常用过去完成时。故答案是had; got。 2. rang。在hardly/scarcely … when…和no sooner… than…句型中，主句常用过去完成时，从句仍用一般过去时。故答案是rang。 hardly/scarcely … when…和no sooner… than… I wish that I had seen her yesterday. I felt as though we had known each other for years. 要点精讲5： 过去完成时用于虚拟语气特定句型，表示与过去事实相反的情况， 如I wish…., If only…., I would rather that….及if虚拟条件句等。 If only I had known her earlier! I would rather I hadn't seen that film yesterday. If it had not rained this morning, I should have gone shopping. 【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 1. (2018·天津) If we _____________ (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach. 2. How I wish I _____________(buy) that skirt when it was available! Ugh! I regret it every time. 3. (2015·北京)—Did you have difficulty finding Ann' house?—Not really. She _____________ (give) us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. 虚拟语气 【答案与解析】 1. had caught。这时if虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。故答案是had caught。 2. had bought。I wish that….从句与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。故答案是had bought。 3. had given。结合语境“给我们清楚指导”发生在前，应用过去完成时。故答案是had given。 虚拟语气 针对训练 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 1、We _____ (meet) before you moved to Los Angeles. 2、When I got to the office, they _____ (leave). 3、By the time the spring came, the flowers _____ (bloom). 4、I was able to pass the exam since I _____ (study) regularly. 5、The movie _____ (already start) when we arrived there. 6、Before she traveled to Lisbon, she _____ (reserve) the hotel room. 7、I _____ (have) my lunch when they offered to eat out. 8、I didn’t realize that I _____ (lose) my keys until I arrived home. 9、I noticed that I _____ (forget) to take my passport with me before I left home. 10、I was able to understand her as I _____ (know) Lea for more than ten years. 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 11、When the police came, the thieves _____ (already escape). 12、By the time you understood the problem I _____ (find) the solution. 13、He was fired because he _____ (give away) some documents. 14、I knew what to do because I _____ (experience) it before. 15、By the late sixteenth century, American silver _____ (account) for one-fifth of Spain's total budget. 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 【答案与解析】 1、had met解析：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。如: when，before，after，as soon as，till/until 引导的复合句，所以用过去完成时是 had met. 2、had left解析：同上。 3、had bloomed解析：表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用 by，before 等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示，所以用过去完成时是 had bloomed. 4、had studied解析：Since 引导的时间状语从句可以用过去时和过去完成时，当主句是一般过去时，参照的是过去的时间点，那么从句中用过去完成时 had studied. 5、had already started解析：同1，already 是频度副词，通常置于助动词之后，实义动词之前，因此这里写作 had already started. 6、had reserved解析：同1。 7、had had解析：同1。 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 【答案与解析】 8、had lost解析：同1，丢钥匙发生在到家（arrived home）之前，因此是”过去的过去“，所以用过去完成时 had lost。 9、had forgotten解析：同1，忘记发生在离家（left home）之前，因此是”过去的过去“，所以用过去完成时 had forgotten。 10、had known解析：根据介词 for 引导的时间段来判断，应该用过去完成时 had known，表示认识 Leo 已经10年了，并对过去的某时刻我对 Leo 的理解（understood）造成影响。 11、had already escaped解析：同5。 12、had found解析：同3。 13、had given away解析：根据句意判断用过去完成时 had given away，表示因为已经泄露文件对过去的某时刻被开除（was fired）造成的影响。 14、had experienced解析：before 作时间副词，跟它引导的时间状语从句的时效是一样的，也就是经历的动作是发生在 knew 之前，那么是过去的过去，因此用 had experienced. 15、had accounted解析：the late sixteenth century 是一个过去的时间，因此这句跟题 3 类似，表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，因此用过去完成时 had accounted. 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 串讲03 谢谢观看 $$