串讲02 名词性从句考点归纳及练习 - 2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中考点大串讲（人教版2019选择性必修第一册+选必二1～2单元）

串讲02 名词性从句 名词性从句 1 PART ONE 名词性从句，包括四种从句，即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。因为主语、宾语、表语、同位语这四种成分均可以由名词构成，所以这四种从句在主句中都充当了名词的作用，故将这四种从句统称为名词性从句。 分类： 连接词 that 在名词性从句中可以省略的三种情况： 1.it 做形式主语，that引导主语从句时 2.动词宾语从句中 3.形容词宾语从句中 连接词分类 1.that（无含义，不充当成分） 2.whether,if（有“是否”的含义，但不充当成分） 3.连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever.（在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语）连接副词：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why （在从句中做状语） 4. as if,as though,because（不充当成分，在名词性从句中只引导表语从句） 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。 名词性从句如何考察 2 PART TWO 1.考查名词性从句的引导词，通常都是在无提示型的试题中，即试题只给出空格而不给提示词，让考生填入恰当的引导词。 例1·语法填空：I didn’t understand why this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation. 此题考查why引导的宾语从句。   例2·完形填空：But every day， we would sit by the lake， looking at the house and dreaming of what it would be like to live there. 此题考查what引导的宾语从句。 2.考查名词性从句的时态、语态，通常出现在语法填空和短文改错这两大题型中。 例3·语法填空： He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what was left （leave）. 此句中，what was left是一个宾语从句，作介词with的宾语。因为主句是一般过去时，所以宾语从句也要用一般过去时。  名词性从句解题三步骤 一、划分句子成分，找出名词性从句。  语法填空：As natural （nature） architects， the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly __________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 此句的主语是the Pueblo Indians，谓语动词是figured out， thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days是一个宾语从句。  名词性从句解题三步骤 二、根据句意，将STEP 1中划分出的名词性从句的意思翻译出来，并将其还原成一个原始的句子。该原始的句子可以是陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句。  语法填空：As natural （nature） architects， the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly __________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 把该名词性从句还原成一个原始的句子，“这些土坯墙需要有多厚”应该是一个特殊疑问句，即“How thick did the adobe walls need to be？” 名词性从句解题三步骤 三、根据名词性从句的规则（考虑引导词、时态、陈述句语序），写出一个正确的名词性从句。  语法填空：As natural （nature） architects， the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly __________thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 根据名词性从句的基本规则（考虑引导词、时态、陈述句语序），写出一个正确的名词性从句：How thick the adobe walls needed to be。所以，空格的正确答案为“how”。 一、引导词  1.若原句是一个陈述句，则变名词性从句后的引导词为that。  2.若原句是一个一般疑问句，名词性从句后的引导词为if/ whether。值得考生注意的是，有些情况不能用if，只能用whether。比如说主语从句置于句首，介词后的宾语从句，宾语从句中有or not等。  3.若原句是一个特殊疑问句，则名词性从句后的引导词为wh-特殊疑问词。  完形填空：Your support is important to our work. What-ever you can do helps.在此句中，whatever引导一个主语从句。  名词性从句规律总结： 二、时态  若主句是一般现在时，则名词性从句本身的时态不变；若主句是一般过去时，则名词性从句的时态变为相应的过去时态。  三、陈述句语序  名词性从句，必须使用陈述句语序。  名词性从句规律总结： 高频考点一：考查that与what的区别  在引导名词性从句时，从属连词that一般要注意三个"不"： 1.不省略。当从属连词that引导的主语从句位于句首时，that不省略；that引导同位语从句时，一般不省略。 2.不作成分。that 在名词性从句中不作任何句子成分。 3.无实义。that 在名词性从句中没有实义。    在引导名词性从句时， what一般要注意一个"不",一个"有词义",一个"作成分"： 1.不省略。what 引导名词性从句时，不省略。 2.有词义。what 引导名词性从句时，有词义。一般表示"……的东西/事情等"，这一用法与that 的用法不一样。 3.作成分。what 在引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当成分。这一用法与that 的用法不一样。 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 1. _________ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son. 2. There is much chance _________Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race 3. Wisdom is to the mind _________ health is to the body. 4. After months of voyage, Columbus arrived in _________later proved a new continent.  5. It is not always easy for the public to see _________ use a new invention can be of to human life. 6. After _________ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. 7. The reason why he didn't come today is _________ his mother is ill． 8. The boy expressed his hope_________ he would be a pilot when he grows up． 9. The question is _________ we should do to prevent him from going． 10. A modern city has been set up in _________ was a wasteland ten years ago. 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 【答案与解析】 1. What。主语从句缺少引导词和主语，只能用what。故答案是What。 2. that。同位语从句不缺少主语和宾语，只需要引导词。故答案是that。 3. what。A is to B what C is to D是固定句型，表示类比。知识之于头脑正如健康对于身体一样。故答案是what。 4. what。介词之后是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词和主语。故答案是what。 5. what。本句中what作use的定语，be of use to…意为“对……有用”。故答案是what。 6. what。介词After后面是宾语从句，同时从句缺少主语。故答案是what。 7. that。The reason why…is that…是固定句型，that引导表语从句，不缺少成分。故答案是that。 8. that。连词that引导同位语从句，对名词hope起解释说明作用。故答案是that。 9. what。what引导表语从句且作从句的宾语。故答案是what。 10. what。介词in后面是宾语从句，同时从句缺少主语。故答案是what。 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 高频考点二：it放在句首，真正的主语是that从句 常用句型如下： ① It+系动词+n.+ that从句;  ② It+系动词+adj.+ that从句; ③ It+be+动词的过去分词形式（如said, reported, suggested等）+that从句； ④ It+特殊动词（appear, seem, happen, matter, turn out, work out等）+that从句。 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 1. It doesn’t matter _____ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. 2. It is by no means clear ________the president can do to end the strike.     3. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious__________ the problem itself is. 4. _____is known to us all that the 2022 Olympic Winter Games will take place in Beijing. 5. It suddenly occurred to him ___________he had left his keys in the office. 6. You may depend on ___________that all goods will be shipped abroad in time. 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 【答案与解析】 1. whether。whether引导主语从句，it是形式主语。故答案是whether。 2. what。by no means表示“决不，无论如何也不”，因此后面what作动词do的宾语。故答案是what。 3. where。where引导表语从句，表示“问题本身在哪里”。故答案是where。 4. It。It is known to all that…是常用句型，表示“众所周知……”。故答案是It。 5. that。It occurred to sb that…表示“某人突然想到”，it是形式主语。故答案是that。 6. it。depend on it that….是固定句型，表示“相信……”。故答案是it。 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 高频考点三：考查whether与if的区别 whether与if在作"是否"讲时,是可以互换的。但在有些情况下不能互换：    1.whether可以与or not 连用,构成whether…or not或者whether or not，但if没有这种用法。        2.如果宾语从句是否定结构，则用if，而不用whether。            3.介词后的宾语从句只能用whether引导     4.引导表语从句和同位语从句时都用whether。        5.少数动词如discuss, doubt, leave, put后的宾语从句常用whether引导。         6.whether后面可以接不定式短语，而if不能。        7.为避免产生歧义，不用if，而用whether引导宾语从句。 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. The question is         the film is worth seeing. 2. I don’t think the question of________ they are old or young is important.3. He doesn't know ________ to stay or not. 4. The question came up at the meeting ________we had enough money for our research. 5. I don't know ________ they will come for our help or not. 6. I can't make up my mind whether _________(go) or not. 7. The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ________he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 【答案与解析】     1. whether。whether引导表语从句，if不可以。故答案是whether。 2. whether。whether从句位于介词之后，if不可以。故答案是whether。 3. whether。whether与不定式连用，if不可以。故答案是whether。 4. whether。whether引导同位语从句，if不可以。故答案是whether。 5. if/whether。if和whether都可以引导宾语从句。故答案是if/whether。 6. to go。whether与不定式连用，故答案是to go。 7. whether。whether引导主语从句，if不可以。故答案是whether。 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 高频考点四：考查名词性从句中的虚拟语气 1.在主语从句中, 下面的几种情况谓语动词通常用"should +动词原形",should可以省略。①"It is/was+形容词+that … "句型。常见的形容词有important, necessary, natural, strange, surprising等。 ②"It is/was+名词+that …"句型。常见的名词有pity, shame, advice, suggestion, proposal,requirement, request, desire, order等。 ③"It is/was+动词的过去分词+that…"句型。常见的动词有advise, order, propose, request, suggest, demand, require等。 2.在下列动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词用"should+动词原形",should可以省略。 这类动词有:insist（坚持）, urge（力劝）, order（命令）,command（命令） request（请求,要求）, demand（要求）,require（要求,需要）,suggest（建议）,advise（建议）,propose（建议）, recommend（建议, 推荐） 等。 3.在含有advice, order, demand, proposal, requirement, suggestion等名词的表语从句和同位语从句中,谓语动词用"should+动词原形",should可以省略。 高频考点四：考查名词性从句中的虚拟语气 4.在wish后的宾语从句中:  ①表示将来的愿望实现的可能性非常小时,宾语从句的谓语动词用情态动词should/could/would/might+动词原形。例如:We wish the friendship between the two countries would last forever. 　　 ②表示与现在事实相反的愿望时,宾语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词用were)。例如:He always wishes he were a millionaire and owned a big house and a sports car.    ③表示与过去事实相反的愿望时,宾语从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。例如:How he wished he hadn，t wasted too much time on playing computer games while at school. 5.在would rather后的宾语从句中,从句谓语常用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反的愿望,用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望。 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Eye doctors recommend a child’s first eye exam _______(be) at the age of six months old. 2. My suggestion was that he____________(go) to the cinema with us. 3. Her pale face suggested that she _______(be) ill and her father suggested she _________(see) a doctor. 4. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he ____________(do) something instead of just talking.        5. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_________(focus) more on its culture. 6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it look as if it ___________(break). 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 【答案与解析】 1. (should) be。recommend that….表示“推荐，建议”，接从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。故答案是(should) be。故答案是(should) be。 2. (should) go。suggestion, requirement等名词后接从句，该从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。故答案是(should) go。 3. was; (should) see。前半句suggested表示“暗示，表明”，后接宾语从句应用陈述语气，即与主句时态呼应应用一般过去时；第二空表示“建议”， 接从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。故答案是was; (should) have。 4. did/(should) do。It is high/about time that..后面常用did或should do, should不能省，意为“早该……”。故答案是did/should do。故答案是did/(should) do。 5. focused。I would rather that…从句与与现在、将来相反都用一般过去时。本句显然是与将来事实相反。故答案是focused。 6. were broken。it look as if…表示“看起来好像……”，从句与现在事实相反，应用一般过去时；结合语境应用被动语态。故答案是were broken。 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 针对训练 1.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空） If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 【答案】what 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 2.（2023·新高考II卷·语法填空）This is ________ they need an English trainer. 【答案】 why 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 3.(2022·新高考II卷·语法填空) Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed. 【答案】whether或if 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。 4.(2022·新高考II卷·语法填空) He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ______ to thank him. ”"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. 【答案】how 【解析】考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。 1 3 2 4 (2024年新课标I卷)我写信是想和你分享上周五在花园里的美术课。整个课堂都充满创造力和喜悦。 (2024年新课标I卷)这次公园上课的经历教会我从不同的角度看世界。 (2024年浙江1月卷)任何想报名的人都填写申请表，并在本周五之前与我们联系。 (2024年浙江1月卷)我相信，只有每个人的贡献和参与，这场运动才能创造奇迹。 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 【答案】 1. I’m writing to share with you the Art class in the garden last Friday. What happened there truly broadened my horizons. 2. Being surrounded by nature during class has made me realize how important it is to protect our environment.     3. I’m convinced that only with everyone’s contribution and participation can the campaign work wonders. 4. Anyone who wants to sign up for it fills in the application form and contacts us by this Friday. 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 1 3 2 4 (2024新课标I卷)我会打电话给你，还我欠你的钱。我保证我会信守诺言，否则你就守着我的手表！ (2024新课标I卷) 我告诉他，多亏了他的慷慨和及时的帮助，一切都很顺利。 (2024浙江1月卷)她兴奋地了解到，只要有一点创造力和观察力，任何挑战都可以克服。 (2024浙江1月卷)当太阳射出光芒时，女孩注意到阴影是如何在地面上形成图案的，引导着她的道路。 行业PPT模板http:///hangye/ 【答案】 1. I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch! 2. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. 3. As the sun cast its rays, the girl noticed how the shadows created patterns on the ground, guiding her path. 4. She learned excitedly that with a little creativity and observation, any challenge could be overcome. 模板来自于： 第一PPT https:/// 串讲02 谢谢观看 $$