单元达标检测2 Unit 2 Understanding each other(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（译林版2020）

[本卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟] 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The New York Aquarium offers diverse sea animals and nice viewing experience to all our guests. Whether you're observing penguins, swimming underwater to look at coral reefs (珊瑚礁), or cheering for California sea lions at the theater, you'll find plenty to see and do during your visit. Your underwater adventure is waiting for you! This summer, go to Coney Island to learn about the underwater world at the New York Aquarium. Just off Coney Island in Brooklyn, the New York Aquarium features more than 300 marine (海生的) species, such as dolphins and seals. Meet some of our mammals and fish, and learn something useful about them. Summer hours May 28­Sept.5 10：00 am­6：00 pm， Monday­Friday 10：00 am­7：00 pm， Weekends & Holidays Fall hours Sept.6­Nov.6 10：00 am­5：00 pm， Monday­Friday 10：00 am­5：30 pm， Weekends & Holidays Winter hours Nov.7­Mar.31 10：00 am­4：30 pm，Daily Spring hours Apr.1­May 27 10：00 am­5：00 pm， Monday­Friday 10：00 am­5：30 pm， Weekends & Holidays Total Experience Ticket Adult $18.00 Child (Aged 3­12) $14.00 Senior (65＋) $15.00 Group (at least ten visitors) $8.00 per person *Include admission to our 4D Theater plus general admission. *Children under 3 are free! *To enjoy the group rate, you must make a reservation at least two weeks in advance of your group's visit. Please call 718­741­1818. A Special on Friday Afternoon Admission on Fridays beginning at 3：00 pm is by donation. The suggested donation is $13 for adults, $9 for children, and $10 for seniors. Every dollar you give supports our work in caring for animals at the aquarium. Aquarium Parking Car $13.00 Bus $13.00 Please note： *Due to rising costs, the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) reserves the right to change all fees without notice. *All buildings and exhibitions in this aquarium are accessible in a wheelchair. *For further information, please call 718­265­3454. 1．Six adults (including a man of 68) and two children (aged 2 and 10) are going to visit the New York Aquarium on Sunday. They will have to pay ． A．$144 B．$133 C．$119 D．$160 2．What is the donation used for? A．To help the people in need. B．To help the disabled visitors. C．To care for animals at the aquarium. D．To help to save the endangered animals in the world. 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Visitors can enjoy free parking service on Friday. B．You can visit the New York Aquarium at 5：30 pm on Christmas. C．A visitor in a wheelchair can get around at the New York Aquarium. D．To enjoy the group rate, visitors must reserve tickets two weeks in advance. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文，详细介绍了纽约水族馆提供的各种服务、相关的信息以及收费情况。 1．C　细节理解题。根据Total Experience Ticket部分可知，周日，六名成年人(包括一名68岁的男子)和两名儿童(2岁和10岁)要参观纽约水族馆，他们将支付18×5＋15＋14＝119美元。故选C。 2．C　细节理解题。根据A Special on Friday Afternoon部分中“Every dollar you give supports our work in caring for animals at the aquarium. (你捐出的每一美元都将用于支持我们在水族馆照顾动物的工作)”可知，捐款的用途是照顾水族馆的动物。故选C。 3．C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“All buildings and exhibitions in this aquarium are accessible in a wheelchair.(该水族馆内的所有建筑和展览会都可乘坐轮椅进入。)”可知，坐在轮椅上的游客可以在纽约水族馆游览。故选C。Aquarium Parking部分并未提及周五有免费停车服务，所以A项说法错误。根据常识可知，圣诞节在冬季，根据时间表中的“Winter hours Nov.7­Mar.31 10：00 am­4：30 pm，Daily”可知，B项说法不正确。根据Total Experience Ticket部分的“To enjoy the group rate, you must make a reservation at least two weeks in advance of your group's visit.(要享受团体价格，您必须在团体参观前至少两周预订。)”可知，是至少提前两周预订，而不是必须提前两周预订，D项说法错误。 B (2022·全国乙卷)Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and，at the same time，help railway operators save billions of euros each year？That is the very likely future of applying today's“eyes in the sky”technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis. Drones are already being used to examine high­tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.The more regularly they can be inspected，the more railway safety，reliability and on­time performance will be improved.Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient(高效) across the board. That includes huge savings in 　maintenance　 costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance，including sending maintenance staff，often at night，to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts. By using the latest technologies，drones could also start providing higher­value services for railways，detecting faults in the rail or switches，before they can cause any safety problems.To perform these tasks，drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead.Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train，and programmed to run autonomously.Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co­pilot.With their ability to see ahead，they could signal any problem，so that fast­moving trains would be able to react in time. 4．What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible? A．The use of drones in checking on power lines. B．Drones' ability to work at high altitudes. C．The reduction of cost in designing drones. D．Drones' reliable performance in remote areas. 5．What does“maintenance”underlined in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Personnel safety. B．Assistance from drones. C．Inspection and repair. D．Construction of infrastructure. 6．What function is expected of the rail drones? A．To provide early warning. B．To make trains run automatically. C．To earn profits for the crews. D．To accelerate transportation. 7．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones B．How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded C．What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face D．How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。 4．A　细节理解题。根据第二段“Drones are already being used to examine high­tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.(无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置)”可知使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能。故选A。 5．C　词义猜测题。根据下文“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance，including sending maintenance staff，often at night，to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.(据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施。)”可知花在maintenance上的费用是用于“inspect and repair the rail infrastructure(检查和维修铁路基础设施”，所以划线词和C项Inspection and repair (检修)含义相近。故选C。 6．A　细节理解题。题干问的是期待铁路无人机有什么样的功能。根据文章最后一段最后一句“With their ability to see ahead，they could signal any problem，so that fast­moving trains would be able to react in time.(因为能提前看到，无人机可以感知到任何问题，这样快速前进的列车就可以及时作出反应)”可知，期待铁路无人机具有的功能是提前发现问题，并给列车发出警告。故选A。 7．D　主旨大意题。根据主题段第一段和后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能；第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还将为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。 C SpaceX, Elon Musk's rocket company, launched the newly designed Crew Dragon capsule, carrying four astronauts to space on Nov. 16.The spacecraft successfully docked (对接) with the International Space Station (ISS) on Nov.17. This is the first time that NASA has sent a crew into orbit entirely via a privately­owned spacecraft.“It's the start of a new era in which routine astronaut journeys to the low Earth orbit are being conducted by commercial providers，” NASA said. NASA's commercial manned program has taken a lot of risks. Whether the funding is sufficient in the long term and whether the companies have the capabilities to solve all the technical difficulties have been repeatedly questioned by the US Congress. Before the launch, NASA had cooperated with SpaceX for more than a decade to build a manned spacecraft. Back in 2014, NASA was facing a vital decision­choosing the finalists to complete the task of developing alternative space shuttles. Eventually, it came down to Boeing and SpaceX. There was fierce competition between the two companies to complete the mission. In December 2019, Boeing's manned spaceship, CST­100 Starliner, went through a test flight, but due to multiple errors, it failed to reach the ISS. The recent launch of the Crew Dragon capsule wasn't flawless, either. An air leak caused an unexpected drop in the capsule's pressure less than two hours before the launch, a NASA official said. Thanks to the technicians, the launch wasn't affected. In the coming year, US actor Tom Cruise will start a commercial space journey on the Dragon capsule to film a movie at the ISS. At the same time, Boeing is catching up. The company will conduct another unmanned flight in 2021, and its first manned mission will take place sometime in 2022.“　It　 very much follows the aviation (航空) era when airliners used to be government­run, and now of course they've been commercial for a number of decades，” said one of the Dragon capsule crew members. 8．What is the significance of the successful launch of the Crew Dragon capsule? A．It carried four astronauts into space. B．It successfully docked with the International Space Station. C．It sent ordinary people to space for the first time. D．It marks the beginning of spaceflight being conducted by commercial providers. 9．What's the main factor contributing to the successful launch of the Crew Dragon capsule? A．SpaceX's long­term cooperation with NASA. B．Boeing's failure in the test flight due to multiple errors. C．SpaceX's sufficient funding. D．The timely settlement of the technical difficulties. 10．What does the underlined“It” refer to in Paragraph 5? A．The Crew Dragon capsule was launched by SpaceX. B．Commercial space exploration. C．The competition between Boeing and SpaceX. D．Commercial airliners. 11．Which one can be the best title for this passage? A．The manned spacecraft was launched B．Spaceflight goes commercial C．NASA faces lots of risks D．SpaceX leads the way in spaceflight [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了美国商业宇宙飞船首次成功载人上天，这是一个开端，开启了商业航天的新时代。 8．D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“‘It's the start of a new era in which routine astronaut journeys to the low Earth orbit are being conducted by commercial providers，’ NASA said. (美国国家航空航天局表示：‘这是一个新时代的开始，在这个时代里，宇航员到近地轨道的例行旅行正在由商业供应商进行。’)”可知，“天龙号”飞船的成功发射标志着商业供应商开始进行太空飞行。故选D项。 9．D　细节理解题。根据第四段中“The recent launch of the Crew Dragon capsule wasn't flawless, either. An air leak caused an unexpected drop in the capsule's pressure less than two hours before the launch, a NASA official said. Thanks to the technicians, the launch wasn't affected.(一位美国国家航空航天局的官员说，最近‘天龙号’飞船的发射也不是完美无缺的，在发射前不到两小时，一次空气泄漏导致太空舱压力意外下降。多亏了技术人员，发射没有受到影响。)”可知，成功发射“天龙号”飞船的主要因素是技术难题得到了及时的解决。故选D项。 10．B　推理判断题。根据第五段中“In the coming year, US actor Tom Cruise will start a commercial space journey on the Dragon capsule to film a movie at the ISS. At the same time, Boeing is catching up. (在将要到来的一年，美国演员汤姆·克鲁斯将乘坐‘天龙号’飞船太空舱开始商业太空旅行，并在国际空间站拍摄一部电影。与此同时，波音公司正在迎头赶上。)”可知，It指的是“商业化的太空探索”。故选B项。 11．B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国商业宇宙飞船成功载人上天，这是一个开端，开启了商业航天的新时代，因此本文的最佳标题为选项B“航天飞行变得商业化”。A.发射了载人宇宙飞船；C.NASA面临很多风险；D.SpaceX在太空飞行方面领先。这三项均不是本文要表达的主旨。 D Artemis is NASA's new lunar exploration program. Through the Artemis program, NASA will use new technology to study the Moon in new and better ways, and prepare for human missions to Mars. NASA's new rocket will carry the Orion spacecraft to lunar orbit. Then, astronauts will dock (对接) Orion at a small spaceship called Gateway, from where the crew will take trips to the lunar surface in a new human landing system, and then return to Gateway. The crew will return to the Earth aboard Orion. NASA will test the rocket and spacecraft in flight, and then send a crew for a test flight： Artemis 1 will be a test flight of the SLS rocket with the Orion spacecraft and with no crew. Artemis 2 will launch the SLS rocket and Orion with a crew, which will fly past the Moon, then circle it and return to the Earth. This trip will be the farthest one any human has experienced in space. Artemis 3 will send a crew，including the first woman astronaut and a black astronaut, to the Moon by 2024.The Artemis 3 crew will visit the Moon's South Pole. No one has ever been there. At the Moon, astronauts will： Search for the Moon's water and use it. Learn how to live and work on the surface of another celestial body (天体) where astronauts are just three days' flight from home. Test the technologies we need before sending astronauts on missions to Mars, which can take an up­to­three­year round trip. The Moon is a good place to learn new science. NASA will learn more about the Moon, the Earth and even the Sun. The Moon is a“test bed” for Mars. The Moon is a place to show that astronauts will one day be able to work away from the Earth on Mars for long periods of time. 12．What is the aim of the Artemis program? A．To help astronauts return to the Earth. B．To be ready for the landing on Mars. C．To study Mars using new science. D．To test the Moon landing spacecraft, Orion. 13．Which will be the achievement of the Artemis series? A．Going to the Moon's South Pole. B．Making the fastest trip into space. C．Sending the first man to the Moon. D．Flying to the Moon with three persons. 14．What will Artemis astronauts do on the Moon? A．Send astronauts to Mars. B．Run a three­year­long test. C．Find and make use of water. D．Learn to live not far from home. 15．What can we conclude from the text? A．It is possible to live on another planet now. B．The crew will reach the lunar surface by Orion. C．NASA has sent the first woman astronaut to the Moon. D．The Artemis program is of great help to Mars exploration. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国国家航空航天局新的月球探测计划。这次月球探索任务将为火星任务做准备。 12．B　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Through the Artemis program, NASA will use new technology to study the Moon in new and better ways, and prepare for human missions to Mars.(通过Artemis计划，美国国家航空航天局将使用新技术以新的和更好的方式研究月球，并为人类前往火星的任务做好准备。)”可知，Artemis计划的目的是为登上火星做准备。故选B。 13．A　细节理解题。根据第六段的“The Artemis 3 crew will visit the Moon's South Pole. No one has ever been there.”可知，Artemis 3的工作人员将参观月球的南极，从来没有人去过那里。故选A。根据第五段中的“This trip will be the farthest one any human has experienced in space.(这将是人类进入太空最远的一次旅行。)”可知，B项(进行进入太空的最快的旅行)说法不正确。根据第六段中的“Artemis 3 will send a crew, including the first woman astronaut and a black astronaut, to the Moon by 2024.(Artemis 3将在2024年前派出一支包括第一位女性宇航员和一位黑人宇航员在内的队伍登陆月球。)”可知，C(送第一个男性到月球上去)、D(和三个人飞往月球)说法均不正确。 14．C　细节理解题。根据“At the Moon, astronauts will: Search for the Moon's water and use it.”可知，在月球上宇航员将寻找水并使用它。故选C。根据倒数第二段“Test the technologies we need before sending astronauts on missions to Mars, which can take an up­to­three­year round trip. (在送宇航员去火星执行往返行程可能长达三年的任务之前，测试我们需要的技术。)”可知，送宇航员去火星并不是在月球上要做的事情，在月球上只是测试一些所需要的技术，所以A项说法不正确。 倒数第二段中的“which can take an up­to­three­year round trip”所修饰的是“sending astronauts on missions to Mars，”并不是要在月球上进行三年的测试。所以B项说法不正确。倒数第三段提到“Learn how to live and work on the surface of another celestial body (天体) where astronauts are just three days' flight from home.(学习如何在另一个离宇航员家只有三天航程的天体表面生活和工作。)”，虽然只有三天的航程，但地球到月球的距离不能称之为近，D项(学会在离家不远的地方生活)说法不正确。 15．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The Moon is a ‘test bed’ for Mars. The Moon is a place to show that astronauts will one day be able to work away from the Earth on Mars for long periods of time.(月球是火星的‘试验台’。月球是一个表明宇航员有一天能够在火星上长时间远离地球工作的地方。)”并结合上文可知，Artemis计划对火星探索有很大帮助。故选D。A项(现在有可能生活在另一个星球上。)文中未提及，且结合常识可排除；根据第二段第一、二句可知，宇航员登陆月球表面是通过Gateway, 而不是Orion。所以B项说法错误。根据第六段的“Artemis 3 will send a crew, including the first woman astronaut and a black astronaut, to the Moon by 2024.”可知，并不是NASA已经将第一位女宇航员送上了月球。所以C项说法错误。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Nothing can substitute (替代) for a good night's sleep. There are some effective ways to reset your sleep cycle. ·Have a light dinner Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a poor man. 16 . You should time your meals, because a full stomach can be the reason of insomnia(失眠). A light snack at bedtime can promote sleep, but too much food can lead to wakefulness. ·Change it gradually It is important to change your sleep cycle gradually in order to avoid stress and different sleep disorders. The most suitable way is to increase it by 15 minutes a time. If you have to wake up earlier, then try to fall asleep 15 minutes earlier each evening. 17 ． ·Prepare your room for the sleep People's body is influenced by light and darkness. Doctors strongly suggest darkening the bedroom before sleep. 18 . Moreover, close your curtains at night, so you will be able to sleep calmly. · 19 Consistency(developing regular sleeping hours) is the best way to change your sleep cycle. You should stick to the same sleep and wake­up time schedule. Don't forget about weekends! It is allowed to have an extra hour on Saturdays, but you are to be back on track on Sundays. ·Stop hitting the snooze button(止闹按钮) I think everyone knows about those tempting five extra minutes in the morning. It doesn't count, but you can turn these five extra minutes into ten or half an hour and you will realize that you are late. The morning that starts with stress isn't a good beginning of your day. There are many ways to stop hitting the snooze button. 20 . You have no choice but to answer it and before you find it, you will be out of bed. A．Keep regular hours B．This saying has a deep and wise meaning C．A good night's sleep can refresh and restore your body D．Switch off laptops and other sources of light in your bedroom E．Do something low­stress and boring until you discover that you are tired F．The most effective way is to put an alarm clock on the other side of the room G．It may be difficult to fall asleep at once, so take some relaxing procedures like a bath [语篇解读]　如何调整睡眠周期，有一个好的睡眠呢？请看作者告诉了你哪些方法！ 16．B　上文提到“Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a poor man”是人们常说的有关一日三餐的谚语，与B项中的This saying相对应，故选B项。 17．G　上文提到“早起”的前提是“早睡”，立刻入睡可能不容易，需要一些放松的程序来达到目的，故选G。 18．D　本段主要讲的是室内光线要适合睡眠，D项的内容“Switch off laptops and other sources of light in your bedroom”与此一致，要关掉笔记本电脑和卧室的其他光源。 19．A　该段主要讲了要保持有规律的睡眠时间，周六允许多睡一个小时，但周日必须恢复过来，故选A项。 20．F　该段主题是停止击打止闹按钮，F项“最有效的方法是将闹钟放到房间的另一端”与下文内容联系紧密，当闹钟响的时候，你必须起床找闹钟并将闹铃关掉，这样就能准时起床了。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 From an early age，Parker always said that he would be an astronaut when he grew up. But no matter how much he studied and took tests，he was never 21 to fly in space. Finally，he grew over the maximum age for taking the selection tests. In other words，he would never be able to fulfill his 22 ． Thinking about all the time and 23 Parker had put into being an astronaut，people felt 24 for him. Despite what he was told about having to 25 his ambition，Parker continued training and studying, 26 he would have the tests the next month. He 27 as he got older，and when he was a very old man, he heard that they were doing some very vital medical experiments. For those experiments they needed a very 28 astronaut. Parker, who walked with a stick，was the only old man in the whole world who was 29 to fly in a rocket. Therefore，Parker found himself flying in 30 ，all with the help of science. It was clear that the 31 gained during those missions helped to cure one of the worst diseases for old people，and Parker was 32 as a hero. Photos of the astronaut with a walking stick and no teeth 33 all over the world，and became a symbol of the sentence“You can never train or learn too much.” It shows that persistent effort always brings 34 even though it may not be in the form we had first 35 ． 21．A.noticed B．selected C．invited D．permitted 22．A.dream B．task C．leisure D．belief 23．A.reputation B．power C．effort D．practice 24．A.happy B．sorry C．nervous D．crucial 25．A.ignore B．forget C．develop D．abandon 26．A.so that B．now that C．as if D．even though 27．A.carried on B．took on C．turned off D．got off 28．A.sick B．experienced C．active D．old 29．A.planned B．trained C．forced D．refused 30．A.silence B．danger C．action D．space 31．A.knowledge B．friendship C．money D．opportunity 32．A.replaced B．educated C．praised D．affected 33．A.moved B．flew C．spread D．took 34．A.award B．prize C．result D．reward 35．A.expected B．guessed C．suggested D．proved [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Parker从小立志做一名宇航员，尽管梦想一次次破灭， 但是他从未放弃希望，一如既往地进行学习和训练。终于有一次，航天机构需要一名老宇航员进行医疗实验，他被选中了，他终于实现了当宇航员的梦想。 21．B　考查动词。句意：但不管他学了多少，参加了多少测试，他从来都没有被选上在太空飞行。A.注意；B.选择；C.邀请；D.允许。此处可以理解为一种选拔，通过后文的关键词selection也可知选B。 22．A　考查名词。句意：也就是说，他永远也无法实现他的梦想了。A.梦想；B.任务；C.闲暇；D.信念。根据上文可知，成为宇航员是Parker从小的梦想，故选A。 23．C　考查名词。句意：想想Parker为成为一名宇航员所付出的所有时间和努力，人们都为他感到遗憾。A.名誉；B.力量；C.努力；D.实践。上文说Parker为了成为宇航员学了很多，参加了很多测试，这些都是他为梦想付出的努力，故选C。 24．B　考查形容词。句意同上。A.开心的；B.遗憾的；C.紧张的；D.关键的。根据上文可知，Parker为成为一名宇航员付出了很大的努力，却一直未能如愿，人们为他感到遗憾，故选B。 25．D　考查动词。句意：尽管Parker被告知的是他必须放弃他的梦想，但是他继续训练和学习，仿佛下个月他就要去考试一样。A.忽视；B.忘记；C.发展；D.放弃。上文说他已经超过了参加选拔考试的最大年龄，所以这里指他被告知放弃自己的飞天梦，故选D。 26．C　考查连词。句意同上。A.以便； B．既然，由于；C.仿佛；D.即使。Parker继续训练和学习，仿佛下个月他就要去考试一样，故选C。 27．A　考查动词短语。句意：随着年龄的增长，他继续学习和训练，当他很老的时候，他听说他们正在做一些非常重要的医学实验。A.继续；B.呈现；C.关掉；D.下车。故选A。 28．D　考查形容词。句意：为了进行那些实验，他们需要一个年纪非常大的宇航员。A.生病的；B.有经验的；C.积极的；D.老的。根据下文was the only old man in the whole world可知，他们所需要的是一位年纪大的宇航员，故选D。 29．B　考查动词。A.计划； B．训练；C.被迫；D.拒绝。根据上文可知，尽管Parker因超龄而被告知必须放弃梦想，但多年来他一直坚持学习和训练，故选B。 30．D　考查名词。句意：因此，Parker发现自己在太空遨游，这完全是在科学的帮助下进行的。A.寂静；B.危险；C.行动；D.太空。根据第一段中的“he was never 21 to fly in space”可知此处指“在太空遨游”，故选D。 31．A　考查名词。句意：显然，在那些任务中所获得的知识有助于治愈老年人最严重的疾病之一……。A.知识；B.友谊；C.钱；D.机会。故选A。 32．C　考查动词。句意：……Parker被人们称赞为英雄。A.代替；B.教育；C.赞扬；D.影响。根据“as a hero”可知，Parker被人们称赞为英雄，故选C。 33．C　考查动词。句意：这个拄着拐杖没有牙齿的宇航员的照片在全世界传播开来，这些照片成了“你再怎么训练和学习都不为过。”这句话的象征。A.移动；B.飞；C.传播；D.拿走。根据“all over the world”可知，此处指“在全世界传播开来”，故选C。 34．D　考查名词。句意：这说明了坚持不懈的努力总会带来回报，即使这种回报的形式可能不像我们开始期待的那样。A.奖，奖品；B.奖赏；C.结果；D.回报，报偿。Parker凭借坚持不懈的努力最后才实现了飞天梦，这充分证明了努力终会换来回报，故选D。 35．A　考查动词。句意同上。A.期待；B.猜；C.建议；D.证明。根据上文的讲述，Parker年轻时为了实现自己的飞天梦，一次次尝试却一次次失败，没想到在风烛残年的时候实现了自己的梦想，但梦想并不是以最初他所期待的那种形式实现的，故选A。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the ancient times, there used to be so many myths about the moon, and all of 36. (they)made the moon more attractive. On the moon, according to the Chinese myth, lived a goddess named Chang'e, who led a lonely life. In the west, up to now, scientists 37. (study) the moon for many years. I wonder if you have received an 38. (invite) to spend a Human Moon Day, which is officially celebrated on July 20 every year. Human Moon Day marks the first human landing on the moon 39. (success) that occurred on July 20, 1969.That explains it! Ever since 1969, Human Moon Day has been celebrated in the US to mark one of the 40. (great) achievements in human history. Human Moon Day is largely celebrated by NASA and space fans. One way to celebrate Human Moon Day is to make something about the moon like cutting paper 41. (moon). Children are made to bake cookies and cut them in the shape of the moon. They also consider 42. (learn) some facts about the moon on this occasion. Exploring the moon on Google Moon is a great idea of getting familiar with our natural satellite. It is especially important that we celebrate Human Moon Day with children. 43. this way, children can learn about 44. happened on July 20, 1969, and understand the importance of this event in the future. It can be said with certainty that humans will devote all their lives to the research into the moon. As for young people, they must go to all lengths to study hard for the future even if there is a long way to go! Should there be 45. chance for you to go to the moon, who would you like to go with you? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。到目前为止，在西方，科学家们已经研究月球很多年了。文章介绍了人类月球日设立的原因和意义以及人们的一些庆祝活动。 36．them　考查代词。句意：在古代，常有很多关于月亮的神话，这些神话都使月亮变得更有吸引力。此处作宾语，应用人称代词宾格them。 37．have studied　考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，在西方，科学家们已经研究月球很多年了。根据上文up to now可知应用现在完成时，主语为scientists，助动词用have。故填have studied。 38．invitation　考查名词。句意：我想知道你是否收到了去过人类月球日的邀请，每年的正式庆祝日期是7月20日。设空处作宾语，结合an可知应填单数名词invitation。 39．successfully　考查副词。句意：人类月球日纪念1969年7月20日人类首次成功登陆月球。修饰landing on the moon应用副词successfully。故填successfully。 40．greatest　考查形容词最高级。句意：自1969年以来，美国就一直庆祝人类月球日，以纪念人类历史上最伟大的成就之一。此处为“one of the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词”结构，故应用最高级greatest。 41．moons　考查名词复数。paper moon表示“纸月亮”，前面没有冠词或其他修饰词，故用复数。 42．learning　考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还考虑在这个时候了解一些关于月球的事实。结合句意可知，此处为consider doing sth“考虑做某事”。故填learning。 43．In　考查介词。句意：通过这种方式，孩子们可以了解1969年7月20日发生的事情，并理解这一事件在未来的重要性。结合句意可知，此处为短语in this way“通过这种方式”。句首单词首字母要大写。故填In。 44．what　考查宾语从句。句意见上一题。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事情，应用what引导。 45．a　考查冠词。句意：如果你有一个机会去月球，你想让谁和你一起去？由句意可知，此处应用不定冠词表示泛指，且chance以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，你校将举办外国学生中文演讲比赛，请给你的英国朋友George写一封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括： 1．比赛时间； 2．演讲话题； 3．报名方式。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【参考范文】 Dear George， I'm writing to invite you to join us in the “Chinese speech contest for foreigners” to be held in our school. The activity is scheduled at 8：00 a. m. on January 20th in the lecture hall. The theme of the speech contest is “differences between eastern and western customs”， through which the foreign students are bound to gain a better understanding of Chinese splendid traditional culture and meanwhile strengthen their love of China. Immensely fascinated by its mysterious culture and age­old history, you can undoubtedly give us a wonderful and impressive performance. You are expected to sign up for the contest at the Students' Union. I'd appreciate it if you could accept our invitation. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。 I have been in the teaching profession for more than thirty years, and one of the best teachers I have ever known is Mr Rowe. I was lucky enough to teach fourth grade together with him. Mr Rowe had endless patience and understanding and I learned so much from watching him. He could perform miracles, like the one he performed with Steven, one of the unhappiest kids I had ever seen. Steven couldn't stand school. He didn't like being picked last for kickball. He didn't like the kids who raised their hands and knew the answers, and most importantly, he didn't like himself. The first day he walked into Mr Rowe's classroom, he ignored the other students, looking angry and annoyed, and slid into his chair, knocking a couple of textbooks onto the floor.Mr Rowe walked over to him and touched Steven's shoulder, but Steven pulled away. Nevertheless, Mr Rowe welcomed him, “Hi, Steven. I'm happy you are in my class.We are gonna have a great year.” Steven looked around the room as if Mr Rowe were mistaken. No teacher in his right mind would want Steven to be part of his class. So, while Mr Rowe seemed cheerful and relaxed that day of school, it seemed that Steven was angry and confused. That day after classes, Mr Rowe chose Steven to pitch (投球) the kickball at recess. “Hey, Steven，” Mr Rowe commented, “You are good at pitching. Let me show you my secret trick.” Mr Rowe taught Steven one of the tricks that not a single kid could perform. Steven learned fast and did quite well! Everyone cheered for him! After the kickball, Steven sat as close to Mr Rowe in classes as he could. When a question was asked, Steven lit up; when he knew the answer, he raised his hand; when he answered the question, his voice shook. However, he got the answer right! He said, with Mr Rowe, his days of the fourth grade promised wonderful. That is not to say that every day went smoothly, but it was obvious that Steven grew to love Mr Rowe more and more with each passing day. Time passed quickly that year, and before we all knew it, it was the last day of school. Many years later, Mr Rowe and I were surprised when a handsome young man walked into our classroom, dressed in army uniform. 【参考范文】 Time passed quickly that year, and before we all knew it, it was the last day of school. Our school had a very special tradition on the last day. All the teachers filled the sidewalk, waving goodbye to the kids as the bus piled out with their horns honking. But on that particular day, Steven walked slowly to the bus, his head down, tears in his eyes. He boarded the bus reluctantly, hesitated, and then ran back off the bus to hug Mr Rowe. “I don't want to leave you.” He sobbed. Touched and tearful, Mr Rowe comforted him, “I will miss you, too.” Many years later, Mr Rowe and I were surprised when a handsome young man walked into our classroom, dressed in army uniform.The young man stood tall and proud. It was Steven! Mr Rowe and I couldn't believe our eyes! He hugged Mr Rowe tightly. “I have come back to school today just to say thanks to you！” It is my hope that every teacher is blessed with such a wonderful experience of a former student coming back to say a very simple “Thank you”． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$