Unit 1 Encyclopaedias 单元话题中考题型组合练-2024-2025学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津深圳版）

Unit 1 Encyclopaedias 单元话题中考题型组合练 （24-25八年级上·广东深圳·开学考试） Do animals ask people for help? Yes! Because it doesn’t happen very often, anyone seeing this will feel 1 (surprise). Last year, this happened to a group of people. Those people were enjoying 2 (they) on the sea when they saw a baby orca (虎鲸). The baby orca swam around their boat and made sounds 3 (get) their attention (关注). Its strange acts made the people know that something happened. 4 they called a rescue team for help at once. Soon the rescue team arrived. The baby orca swam away, and the rescue team followed it. Before long, the rescue team found 5 large orca. It was the baby orca’s mother. It was trapped by a rope (被绳索困住). After 6 (jump) into water, the rescue team started to cut the rope to let the mother orca leave. The orca 7 (understand) their kindness. So it rose from water fo make it easier for the team 8 (member) to cut the rope. At last the rescue team 9 (successful) set the mother orca free. When the rescue team went on the way back, they saw the mother orca come back 10 a fish. It gave them the fish asa gift. How lovely it was. （22-23八年级上·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。 How much do you know about Medellin? It is the 11 (two) largest city in Colombia. The weather is always great, because it is just like spring all year around. However, the beautiful city was one of the 12 (bad) places for people to live in the past. But today, the people in Medellin are working together 13 (make) it a safer and more beautiful place. 14 are they doing this? Through art! Many years ago, the local government (当地政府) 15 (start) to ask artists to paint on city walls. Those artists made many 16 (create) paintings. The government also gave local people colored paints so that they could paint 17 (they) houses. As the people did the work together, they got to know each other better. Another way the government used was to give kids art classes. After they learned how to paint 18 (proper), they painted on walls, too. It was fun, and it also made the kids love their neighborhoods(邻居) better than before. Because of art, Medellin is getting more and more beautiful. And more people feel comfortable with the city. Now, a large number 19 art lovers and visitors go to Medellin to enjoy the wonderful street art and 20 beautiful city every year. 二、阅读理解 A （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期中）Gentoo penguins are fast. They are the fastest swimming birds in the world. Now, scientists think they know how they do it. The birds’ trick is called “feathering.” It changes the angle of their wings while swimming. That helps them achieve faster speed. Bo Yin is a scientist. He works at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing. He and other scientists watched videos of the birds. They also made computer models of penguin wings in motion (动作). Then, they looked at the models. They saw the effect of feathering. How does feathering work? A penguin raises the bottoms of its wings. It moves them forward or back. That changes the wings’ angle to the water and also reduces the water resistance against a penguin’s wings. That means less water pushes against the wings. This lets the penguin move ahead faster. How often a Gentoo flaps (拍打) its wings also plays an important role. Flapping many times per second helps the bird move forward. But it uses more energy. So, it’s not really the best way to gain speed. Yin and his team found the most efficient way for penguins is to tilt their wings back 18 degrees and flap about once per second. H. Tanaka, an engineer, has studied penguin movement. A computer model can capture many key details of penguin wings, he says. But still, it isn’t 100 percent true. “This model was still simpler than the real penguin,” Tanaka says. 21．What is the Gentoo penguin known for? A．Being the largest penguin species. B．Being the smallest penguin species. C．Being the best diver among penguins. D．Being the fastest swimming bird in the world. 22．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The meaning of feathering. B．The ways feathering work. C．The study about feathering. D．The importance of feathering. 23．What does “gain” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．develop B．reduce C．stop D．change 24．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．In the future, more detailed work is needed. B．The wing model was as flat as the real penguin. C．The study failed to capture the movement of the bird. D．The model failed to get the details of penguin wings. 25．Where can you find this article? A．A science fiction. B．A science magazine. C．A story book. D．An encyclopedia. B （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中） Frodo is a 20-year-old cat who loves to sleep in the sun. However, getting to this favorite sleeping place by the pool means hobbling (跛行) down a lot of stairs every day. But life has become a lot easier for the old cat now. Liam Thompson is an inventor who loves cats. He noticed his old friend’s difficulties and decided to do something. He spent four days building an elevator that would allow Frodo to go up and down the stairs easily. A video on the Internet showed how Thompson made the track and cart of the elevator for Frodo. The video attracted over 900,000 people’s interest. To make sure the elevator was safe for his old friend, Thompson used a toy to test the elevator. Thompson asked his favorite cat, “Are you ready to go downstairs without moving a muscle? I hope so because it took me four days.” Frodo seemed very relaxed in the elevator as it went to the bottom of the stairs. Thompson laughed excitedly as Frodo walked out of the elevator and made his way over the pool. He said, “This is the greatest day of my life. “His love to his cat has won 1.87 million fans on the Internet. Many viewers felt amazed at his work and one said, “His invention for his pet is much safer than the ones he invents for himself. Respect.” 26．What does the underlined word “elevator” in Paragraph 3 mean? ________ A．楼梯 B．电梯 C．斜坡 D．水坑 27．What’s the purpose (目的) of the writer writing Paragraph 1? ________ A．To tell us the cat loves to sleep in the sun. B．To explain why the cat loves to sleep in the sun. C．To tell us it’s hard for the cat to go up and down stairs. D．To explain the stairs are too old for the cat to go up down. 28．How long did it take Thompson to build the elevator? ________ A．20 years. B．A month. C．Four weeks. D．Four days. 29．What can we infer from Paragraph 6? ________ A．Thompson would not be worried about Frodo any more. B．The elevator Thompson built for Frodo worked really well. C．Frodo didn’t like the elevator built by Thompson at all. D．Frodo was asleep when he took the elevator. 30．What is the main idea of the passage? ________ A．Thompson builds an elevator for his cat. B．Thompson owns a cat that has thousands of fans. C．A cat with a special elevator lives a happy life. D．A pet lover has won the hearts of many people. 三、完形填空 （24-25八年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）Here are two articles from an Encyclopaedia. One is about Leonardo da Vinci. Leonardo was an 31 painter, inventor, musician, engineer and scientist. He was born in the countryside. When he was a little boy, he 32 great intelligence and artistic ability. 33 he grew older, he 34 to do many different things. His paintings are very famous. He also had many 35 . For example, his notebooks include some interesting 36 of flying machines. 37 article is about dinosaurs. Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years 38 human beings. They lived everywhere on Earth. There were many different 39 of dinosaurs. Small ones, huge ones, many dinosaurs ate plants, 40 some dinosaurs liked to eat meat. 31．A．Indian B．Italy C．Italian D．English 32．A．told B．appeared C．showed D．won 33．A．When B．As C．Before D．Until 34．A．had B．wanted C．preferred D．learnt 35．A．inventions B．paintings C．notebooks D．drawings 36．A．paintings B．drawings C．photos D．ideas 37．A．Other B．The other C．Another D．The others 38．A．after B．since C．before D．ago 39．A．kinds B．sizes C．hobbies D．habits 40．A．and B．so C．for D．while 四、语法选择 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期中）The giraffe is the tallest animal on land. Their interesting shapes attract 41 people to visit them. They have long necks and long thin legs. Their front legs are 42 than their back legs. Some of them can be more than 43 . They can run very fast—about 30 miles 44 hour. They are usually brown and yellow. Giraffes live 45 Africa. They 46 live up to 25 years in the wild. They spend most of the day 47 . The leaves, flowers and fruit are their main food, and they also eat grass or 48 plants. To find food, they travel over a large area, 49 they don’t have a fixed (固定的) home. However, when a mother giraffe gives birth to babies, it often returns to 50 birthplace. It only gives birth to one baby every time, and the baby giraffe is cute and can be 1.8 meters in height. About 20 minutes after being born, the baby giraffe learns 51 . Then it begins drinking 52 milk from its mother. A few hours later, it can run and has no difference with those who have been born for weeks. 53 amazing! The baby giraffe only 54 with its mother after it is born in the first two weeks. When it is strong enough, it 55 its mother and start a new life. 41．A．million B．millions C．million of D．millions of 42．A．long B．longer C．longest D．the longest 43．A．five-metre-tall B．five-metre tall C．five metres tall D．five-metres tall 44．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 45．A．on B．at C．in D．to 46．A．can B．should C．must D．need 47．A．eating B．ate C．eat D．to eat 48．A．others B．another C．other D．the others 49．A．until B．but C．or D．so 50．A．it B．its C．itself D．it’s 51．A．to stand B．stand C．stands D．stood 52．A．little B．some C．few D．many 53．A．What a B．What an C．How D．How an 54．A．stays B．stay C．stayed D．is staying 55．A．leave B．left C．is leaving D．will leave 五、书面表达 56．（24-25八年级上·广东深圳·单元测试）假如你们班正在举行英语读书节活动，你准备向同学们介绍百科全书。请你根据以下内容提示，完成你的发言稿。 内容提示： 1. 百科全书是记录人类一切知识的工具书。 2. 东方国家和西方国家都有自己的百科全书。 3. 人们可以在网络上查阅有关百科全书的信息。 4. 补充1-2点你对百科全书的看法。 要求：80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；可适当发挥。 【点拨】 1.人称：第一人称    2.时态：一般现在时 谋篇布局 1. record记录        2. reference book 工具书 3. look up the information 查找信息    4. at once 马上 好词 1. Encyclopaedia is a reference book to record all kinds of knowledge of human beings. 百科全书是一本用来记录属于人类的所有类型知识的工具书。 2. I believe you will be interested in the encyclopaedia if you have a look at it. 我相信假如你看一看百科全书的话，你将会对它感兴趣。 好句 牛刀小试 Dear classmates, I am going to introduce the encyclopaedia to you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 参考答案： 1． surprised 2．themselves 3．to get 4．So 5．a 6．jumping 7． understood 8．members 9．successfully 10．with 【导语】本文主要介绍了救援队解救虎鲸的故事。 1．句意：任何人看到这一点都会感到惊讶。作feel的表语用形容词，此处形容人，用surprised“吃惊的”。故填surprised。 2．句意：那些人在海上玩得很开心，这时他们看到了一只小虎鲸。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，此处用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。 3．句意：小虎鲸在他们的船周围游来游去，发出声音以引起他们的注意。“在他们的船周围游来游去，发出声音”的目的是“引起他们的注意”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故填to get。 4．句意：所以他们立刻呼叫救援队寻求帮助。此处和前句是因果关系，此处表示结果，用so连接。故填So。 5．句意：不久，救援队发现了一只大虎鲸。此处泛指“一只大虎鲸”，large以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．句意：跳入水中后，救援队开始剪断绳子，让虎鲸妈妈离开。介词after后加动名词。故填jumping。 7．句意：虎鲸理解他们的善意。根据“rose...”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式understood“理解”。故填understood。 8．句意：所以它从水中升起，让队员们更容易割断绳子。队员不止一个，用名词复数members“成员”。故填members。 9．句意：最后救援队成功地释放了母虎鲸。此处修饰动词set用副词successfully“成功地”。故填successfully。 10．句意：他们看到虎鲸妈妈带着一条鱼回来了。根据“come back...a fish”可知是带着一条鱼回来，用介词with。故填with。 11．second 12．worst 13．to make 14．How 15．started 16．creative 17．their 18．properly 19．of 20．the 【导语】本文主要介绍了哥伦比亚第二大城市——麦德林是如何变成一座美丽的城市。 11．句意：它是哥伦比亚第二大城市。序数词+形容词最高级，表示“第几大”，two的序数词是second，故填second。 12．句意：然而，这座美丽的城市在过去是最不适合人们居住的地方之一。one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“……之一”，此空应填最高级worst，故填worst。 13．句意：但今天，麦德林的人们正在共同努力，使它成为一个更安全、更美丽的地方。根据“working together… it a safer and more beautiful place”可知，共同努力的目的是让它成为一个安全和美丽的地方，动词不定式表目的，故填to make。 14．句意：他们是怎么做到的？根据“Through art”可知，对方是提问，疑问词用how，故填How。 15．句意：许多年前，当地政府开始要求艺术家在城墙上作画。根据“Many years ago”可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填started。 16．句意：那些艺术家画了许多有创意的画。此空修饰复数名词paintings，应用形容词creative表示“有创造力的”，故填creative。 17．句意：政府还给当地人彩色油漆，这样他们就可以油漆自己的房子了。此空修饰名词houses，应填形容词性物主代词their，故填their。 18．句意：在他们学会如何正确地画画之后。此空修饰动词paint，应填副词properly“正确地”，故填properly。 19．句意：现在，每年都有大量的艺术爱好者和游客前往麦德林欣赏精彩的街头艺术和美丽的城市。a large number of“大量的”，固定搭配，故填of。 20．句意：现在，每年都有大量的艺术爱好者和游客前往麦德林欣赏精彩的街头艺术和美丽的城市。此处特指前文提到的这座城市，应填the表示特指，故填the。 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．A 25．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家们如何研究和发现巴布亚企鹅成为世界上游泳最快的鸟类的原因。 21．细节理解题。根据“They are the fastest swimming birds in the world.”可知，巴布亚企鹅是世界上游泳最快的鸟类。故选D。 22．段落大意题。第三段主要讲述了羽毛调整的工作原理，即通过改变翅膀的角度来减少水的阻力，从而帮助企鹅更快地前进。故选B。 23．词义猜测题。根据“Flapping many times per second helps the bird move forward. But it uses more energy. So, it’s not really the best way to gain speed.”可知，每秒拍打多次有助于鸟向前移动。但它消耗的能量更多。所以，这并不是获得速度的最佳方式。gain在此处意为“获得”，与develop意思相近。故选A。 24．推理判断题。根据“it isn’t 100 percent true. ‘This model was still simpler than the real penguin,’ Tanaka says.”可知，不是百分之百正确的，这个模型仍然比真正的企鹅简单，因此未来需要更详细的研究工作。故选A。 25．推理判断题。本文介绍了科学家们对巴布亚企鹅游泳速度的研究，属于科学类文章，因此最有可能出现在科学杂志上。故选B。 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述Liam Thompson为老朋友Frodo建造电梯的故事。 26．词句猜测题。根据“...would allow Frodo to go up and down the stairs easily.”可知，使用电梯可以轻松上下楼。故选B。 27．推理判断题。根据“getting to this favorite sleeping place by the pool means hobbling (跛行) down a lot of stairs every day.”可知，第一段是为了告诉我们，对于这只老猫而言，每天要上上下下爬楼梯非常困难。故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据“He spent four days building an elevator”可知，他花费了四天时间建造电梯。故选D。 29．推理判断题。根据“Frodo seemed very relaxed in the elevator as it went to the bottom of the stairs”可知，老猫在电梯中很放松，并且能顺利走出电梯穿过泳池，据此推测，电梯运行很好。故选B。 30．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述爱猫发明家Liam Thompson因自己的老猫上下楼梯不方便，于是为它建造了一个电梯的故事。故选A。 31．C 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．A 36．B 37．B 38．C 39．A 40．D 【导语】本文是选自《百科全书》的两篇短文。一是关于达芬奇，另一个是关于恐龙。 31．句意：达芬奇是意大利画家、发明家、音乐家、工程师和科学家。 Indian印度的；Italy意大利；Italian意大利的；English英国的。根据“an … painter”可知，此处应用形容词作定语，结合常识可知，达芬奇是意大利的。故选C。 32．句意：当他还是个小男孩的时候，他就表现出了很高的智力和艺术才能。 told告诉；appeared出现；showed展现；won赢得。根据“great intelligence”可知，此处应指展现出很高的智力。故选C。 33．句意：随着年龄的增长，他学会了做许多不同的事情。 When当……时候；As随着；Before在……之前；Until直到。根据“he … to do many different things”可知，此处应指随着年龄的增长。故选B。 34．句意：随着年龄的增长，他学会了做许多不同的事情。 had有；wanted想要；preferred更喜欢；learnt学习。根据“His paintings are very famous. He also had many … .”可知，此处应指学会了做许多不同的事情。故选D。 35．句意：他也有许多发明。 inventions发明；paintings图画；notebooks笔记本；drawings图纸。根据“his notebooks include some interesting … of flying machines”可知，此处应指有许多发明。故选A。 36．句意：例如，他的笔记本上有一些有趣的飞行器图。 paintings图画；drawings图纸；photos照片；ideas想法。根据“his notebooks include some interesting … of flying machines”可知，笔记本上应是画的关于飞行机器的图纸。故选B。 37．句意：另一篇文章是关于恐龙的。 Other其他的；The other两者中的另一个；Another另一个；The others其他人。根据“Here are two articles from an encyclopaedia.”与“One is about Leonardo da Vinci.”可知，此处应指两者中的另一个，one…the other…“一个……另一个……”。故选B。 38．句意：恐龙比人类早6000多万年生活在地球上。 after在……之后；since自从；before在……之前；ago之前。根据“Dinosaurs lived on Earth more than 60 million years … human beings.”结合常识可知，恐龙是生活在人类之前。故选C。 39．句意：这里有许多不同种类的恐龙。 kinds种类；sizes尺寸；hobbies爱好；habits习惯。根据“Small ones, huge ones”可知，此处应指有许多不同的种类。故选A。 40．句意：小恐龙，大恐龙，许多恐龙吃植物，而一些恐龙喜欢吃肉。 and并且；so所以；for因为；while然而。根据“many dinosaurs ate plants, … some dinosaurs liked to eat meat”可知，两者之间为转折，因此应用while。故选D。 41．D 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．C 46．A 47．A 48．C 49．D 50．B 51．A 52．B 53．C 54．A 55．D 【导语】本文介绍的是长颈鹿，包括其体型、运动能力、生活习性、生育和出生等。 41．句意：它们有趣的形状吸引了成千上万的人前来参观。 million百万，当与具体数字连用时，通常不加复数词尾-s，其后不接介词 of；millions数百万（million的复数形式）；million of没有此表达；millions of数百万的，后接名词，表示不确定的泛指数。观察句子结构可知，空格前没有具体数字可知，本题考查millions 表示不确定的泛指数。故选D。 42．句意：它们的前腿比后腿长。 long长的；longer更长的（long的比较级）；longest最长的（long的最高级）；the longest最长的。根据空格后的标志词“than”可知，空格上要用比较级。故选B。 43．句意：其中一些可能超过五米高。 five-metre-tall五米高的，作形容词；five-metre tall五米高的，作形容词；five metres tall五米高；five-metres tall错误表达。根据“Some of them can be more than”可知，此处缺少表语，应该用five metres tall。故选C。 44．句意：他们跑得很快——大约每小时30英里。 a表示数量“一”，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an表示数量“一”，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the表示特指；/零冠词。根据“about 30 miles ... hour.”可知，表示“每”，因为空格后的单词“hour”的读音是以元音音素开头，应该用冠词an。故选B。 45．句意：长颈鹿生活在非洲。 on在……上；at在；in在……里面；to到。本题考查live in+地点“生活在某地”。故选C。 46．句意：它们在野外可以活25年。 can能；should应该；must必须；need需要。根据“They ... live up to 25 years in the wild”可知，长颈鹿在野外可以活25年，用情态动词can。故选A。 47．句意：它们一天的大部分时间都在吃东西。 eating吃（eat的动名词形式或现在分词形式）；ate吃（eat的过去式）；eat吃（动词原形）；to eat吃（eat的动词不定式形式）。本题考查spend+时间+doing sth“花费时间做某事”，故空格上填动名词形式。故选A。 48．句意：树叶、花朵和水果是它们的主要食物，它们也吃草或其他植物。 others其他的人或物，代词；another另一个（指三者或者三者以上中的另一个）；other其他的，形容词修饰名词的复数；the others相当于“the other+复数可数名词”。根据空格后的名词复数形式可知，空格上应填形容词。故选C。 49．句意：为了寻找食物，它们在一大片地区旅行，因此，它们没有固定的家。 until直到；but但是；or或者；so因此。观察空格前的句子“To find food, they travel over a large area”以及空格后的句子“they don’t have a fixed (固定的) home.”可知，空格前后的句子是因果关系。故选D。 50．句意：然而，当长颈鹿妈妈生下孩子时，它经常回到它的出生地。 it它，代词；its它的，形容词性物主代词；itself它自己，反身代词；it’s它是。分析句子可知，空格处要填形容词物主代词修饰后面的名词birthplace。故选B。 51．句意：出生大约20分钟后，小长颈鹿学会了站立。 to stand站（stand的动词不定式形式）；stand站（动词原形）；stands站（stand的第三人称单数形式）；stood站（stand的过去式）。根据空格前的“learns”可知，本题考查learn to do sth“学会做某事”。故选A。 52．句意：然后，它开始喝妈妈的奶。 little很少的，修饰不可数名词；some一些，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；few几乎没有，表否定，修饰可数名词；many很多，修饰可数名词的复数形式。根据“milk”及后文的语境“A few hours later, it can run and has no difference with those who have been born for weeks.”可知，milk是不可数名词，小长颈鹿应该是喝一些妈妈的奶。故选B。 53．句意：太神奇了！ what a+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它；what an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它；how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其它；how an错误句型。观察句子结构可知，本句省略了主语和谓语，主语前是形容词“amazing”，符合“how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其它”。故选C。 54．句意：长颈鹿宝宝只有在出生后的头两周才和妈妈待在一起。 stays停留（stay的第三人称单数形式）；stay停留（动词原形）；stayed停留（stay的过去式）；is staying停留（主语是第三人称单数的现在进行时）。根据文中的句子“after it is born in the first two weeks”可知，本句的时态是一般现在时；句子的主语“The baby giraffe”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单。故选A。 55．句意：当它足够强壮时，它会离开母亲，开始新的生活。 leave离开（动词原形）；left离开（leave的过去式）；is leaving离开（主语是第三人称单数的现在进行时）；will leave将要离开（一般将来时态）。本句是when引导的时间从句，符合“主将从现”，空格所在句为主句，时态应该是一般将来时。故选D。 56．例文 Dear classmates, I am going to introduce the encyclopaedia to you. Encyclopaedia is a reference book to record all kinds of knowledge of human beings. Both western countries and eastern countries have their own encyclopaedias. People can look up the information about encyclopaedia on the Internet, and it is very convenient. I think encyclopaedia is very useful and helpful. People can know a lot of knowledge from it. If there is something I am not sure, I will look it up in the encyclopaedia at once. I believe you will be interested in the encyclopaedia if you have a look at it. That’s all. Thank you! Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意书写工整、逻辑通顺，并突出重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。介绍百科全书； 第二步，阐述自己对百科全书的看法； 第三步，书写结语。表达感谢。 [亮点词汇] ①all kinds of 各种各样的 ②both…and…两者都 ③look up查找 ④at once立刻 ⑤be interested in感兴趣 [高分句型] ①I think encyclopaedia is very useful and helpful.（省略that的宾语从句） ②If there is something I am not sure, I will look it up in the encyclopaedia at once.（if引导的条件状语从句） 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$