精品解析：甘肃省民勤县第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题

2024-2025 学年度第一学期开学考试高二英语试卷 （本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the man think of the play? A. It was interesting. B. It was moving. C. It was boring. 2. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The man will return the magazine. B. The magazine is gone. C. The woman will buy a new magazine. 3. What will John have for dinner? A. Noodles. B. Pizza. C. Fish and chips. 4. Who probably knows the exact location of the supermarket? A. Julie. B. Lily. C. Anna. 5. What does the man mean? A. He doesn’t like the hats. B. He wants the woman to buy all the hats. C. He doesn’t think the woman can afford all the hats. 第二节请听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。 6. When will the woman meet the man? A. On Friday. B. On Sunday. C. On Saturday. 7. What does the woman usually do at two o’clock? A. She has a break. B. She has a meeting. C. She has lunch. 请听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。 8. Why are the Blacks moving to Australia? A. Mr. Black has found a new job there. B. They have many friends there. C. Mrs. Black wants to teach there. 9. What might Mrs. Black do in Melbourne? A. A teacher. B. A housewife. C. A clerk. 请听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. When must the speakers choose their courses? A. Within two days. B. Within three days. C. Within five days. 11. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Ask her teacher for help. B. Choose two courses at one time. C. Choose the course that she is interested in. 12. What course does the woman choose in the end? A. Japanese. B. Yoga. C. The Art of Film. 请听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. How does the man book the rooms? A. In his company’s name. B. In his friends’ names. C. In his name. 14. How will the man’s friends arrive in New York? A. By train. B. By plane. C. By car. 15 What does the man ask the woman to do for his friends? A. To give them two rooms facing the sea. B. To give them two rooms across from each other. C. To arrange a conference room for them. 16. How long will the man’s friends be staying at the hotel? A. For two weeks. B. For one week. C. For three days. 请听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. How many aspects(方面) of the United Kingdom does the man refer to? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 18. Which of the following is NOT a historical monument? A. Windsor Castle. B. The Tower of London. C. The National Gallery. 19. Which of the following film series was NOT produced by a British studio? A. James Bond B. Star Wars. C. Harry Potter. 20. Which of the following sports originated ( 起 源 ) in the United Kingdom? A. Badminton. B. Basketball. C. Golf 第二部分 阅读理解（共三节，满分 50 分） 第一节 单项选择（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Belfast Friendship Club Belfast Friendship Club is a safe space for people from all over the world to meet in a relaxed atmosphere (气 氛), to get information, to take part in activities, to make friends and help each other. Everyone welcomes! Whether you are a worker, an international student, on holidays or coming back after living away, as long as you’re prepared to talk or just listen to people you would not normally get to meet, Belfast Friendship Club is the place for you. Belfast Friendship Club offers a special welcome to newcomers who find themselves in Belfast for any reason. Belfast Friendship Club works on three rules: equality, respect and unity. What we do Belfast Friendship Club meets on Thursday evenings in a non-profit cafe. You can come in to: ●sit around; ●have a cup of tea or coffee; ●get to know new people or meet old friends; ●find out about events, parties and activities; ●learn about volunteering opportunities; ●exchange information about anything, from language or dance classes to how to find work; ●learn from each other’s countries, backgrounds and cultures; ●develop support networks and lifelong friendships. The atmosphere is friendly and informal. Everyone is welcome. You will receive a warm greeting at the door from one of the Club’s “older” members. Events and activities Belfast Friendship Club also runs events and outings. Most of them are free. Activities include social events such as clothes swaps, a wide range of volunteering opportunities in Belfast and beyond, creative workshops and art projects, picnics and outings, men’s and women’s football teams. Contact us To contact Belfast Friendship Club, email to Stephanie Mitchell, Belfast Friendship Club coordinator stephanie mitchell@sbrtr.org.uk. 1. What is Belfast Friendship Club? A. A dating centre for single people. B. A safe space for building friendships. C. A trusted organization for the jobless. D. A small group for protecting volunteers. 2. What may new members of Belfast Friendship Club receive? A. Respect. B. Outdoor training. C. Chatting skill training. D. Free tickets for two cups. 3. How often does Belfast Friendship Club hold a meeting? A. Every 3 days. B. Every 5 days. C. Every 7 days. D. Every 15 days. B Besides being a lovely and important part of marine ecosystems, baby seals might have an unusual ability. They can change the pitch (音高) of their voices to be better understood, like humans do, a new study found. A person or animal using this skill is being what’s called “vocally plastic”, or adjusting their vocal (声音的) signals in response to environmental changes that overlap or cover up their voices, according to the study published Monday in the journal Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society. The researchers had a number of reasons for wanting to test the vocal changes of baby harbor seals. The rare ability to copy new sounds — vocal learning — had been seen previously among adult harbor seals and a few other mammal species (哺乳动物), according to the authors. And very few mammals have the ability to change their vocal pitch to sound higher or lower, which is important for human communication. “By looking at one of the few other mammals who may be capable of learning sounds, we can better understand how we, humans, acquire speech, and finally why we are such chatty animals,” said Andrea Ravignani. As the seals heard a speaker play a 45-minute recording consisting of high noise, low noise or no playback over several days, they naturally called out. When the baby seals heard louder sea noises, they lowered their vocal pitch. During more intense noise levels, the pups used a steadier pitch — and one seal raised its voice. This behavior, called the Lombard Effect, is typical for human speech when people talk louder to be more understandable, the authors said. “The findings showed that seal pups have a more advanced control over their vocalisations than assumed up until now,” Ravignani said in a statement. “This control seems to be already present at only a few weeks of age. This is astonishing, as few other mammals seem capable of that.” 4. What does paragraph 1 tell us about baby seals? A. They are cute but rare. B. They can change vocal pitch. C. They can understand human words. D. They can be harmed by environmental changes. 5. What is the researchers’ main reason for studying baby seals? A. To better understand adult harbor seals. B. To show their rare ability of vocal learning. C. To know more about human communication. D. To find out how to protect them from extinction. 6. What does Ravignani intend to express in the last paragraph? A. Baby seals can control their vocalisations when born. B. Baby seals’ vocal ability is out of scientists’ expectation. C. Scientists have long understood the vocal ability of baby seals. D. Many other baby mammals are better at vocalisations than baby seals. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. A surprising fact about baby seals B. Baby seals are cuter than assumed C. Harbor seals are in danger of extinction D. The amazing survival ability of baby seals C It’s common to hear Germans being highly regarded around the world for their workplace and office efficiency (效率). It is true that German workers are more productive than the rest of their European neighbors, while still taking more sick days and holidays, especially in comparison to British workers. One of the reasons is that Germans’ better understanding of a work-life balance. By truly finding that sweet spot between work and play, Germans can be far more productive within the office, while relaxing more efficiently. Lots of references to this balance can be found in German slang. “Brückentage”, or “bridge days”, is a common German saying which means to take time off around bank holidays, when most workers will take an extra day or two off work in order to refuel, preparing themselves mentally for the work ahead. Another common German expression “Erst die Arbeit, dann das Vergnügen!”means “First work, then pleasure”. As such, there seems to be a culture within Germany of working first and then focusing on relaxing, all while understanding that taking time to recharge will help you be more productive in the future. There is a trend (趋势) within British office workers to come to work, even when they are ill, and to pay little attention to any sickness in front of management. While this does lead to more time in the office, it has serious negative effects on productivity and creates the risk of illnesses passing between colleagues. However, in Germany, there is a strong feeling that if you are sick you should stay at home—not only does it protect other office workers, but it also allows the individual to rest and recover properly, meaning they are fit for work and more productive in a shorter space of time. 8. What can be known about German workers from paragraph 1? A. They are believed to be more productive than British ones. B. They are proud of having good working conditions. C. They work less time due to fear of making mistakes. D. They tend to become sick more often than British workers. 9. What do Germans do during “bridge days”? A. Play bridge. B. Work extra hours. C. Rest and relax. D. Plan medical examinations. 10. Which best shows Germans’ understanding of a work-life balance? A. Work less and play more. B. Keep on working though ill. C. First work, then pleasure. D. More work, better life. 11. In which aspect do German workers differ from British workers? A. Working hours. B. Ways of management. C. Work efficiency in offices. D. Attitudes to work with illness. D Italy has made sure through law that every Italian and visitor to the country has the right to come across the oldest trees in the nation, gaining the wonderful feeling of discovery and respect we get from seeing an ancient tree. The law of the ancient trees of Italy was passed in 1939, and protected 22, 000 trees of various sorts from harm. One of the most important aspects of ancient trees is not their beauty, but the fact that their hollows (树洞), scars, dead branches, and living ones all play host to a wide variety of species like insects, mushrooms, birds, etc. Signs of damage, while hardly being pleasing to the eye, provide vital nutrients and shelters for the forest animals. Many of the ancient trees didn’t become important for their beauty, but for their age. The olive tree in the village of Villastrada in Umbria could be 2, 500 years old, but it isn’t exactly a looker. Its principal trunk has decayed for long, and other younger trunks have grown over its lifespan. In 2013 a better definition of an ancient tree was passed into Italian law. Since then, over 3, 000 new trees have joined the national ancient tree list. Some are valued for their beauty; others for their age; yet more are valued for the cultural stories surrounding their lives. The 800-year-old Cypress of Saint Francis is said to have been planted when returning from a walk, Saint Francis of Assisi tried to burn the walking stick he had just used. When it failed to catch fire, he decided to plant it instead, saying “If you do not want to burn, grow up!” The cones (球果 ) that fall every year from that tree are gathered in the hopes that people who can manage to grow something from its seeds will have a blessed tree. 12. What is possibly the most important aspect of ancient trees? A. Their extremely large sizes. B. Their closeness to other species. C Their amazingly natural beauty. D. Their effects as micro-ecosystems. 13. Why is the olive tree in Villastrada mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To present a fact. B. To confirm a policy. C. To draw a conclusion. D. To explain a definition. 14. What made it possible for more trees to be recognized as ancient trees? A. The greatly increased public interest. B. The growing number of ancient trees. C. The great command from the government. D. The change in defining an ancient tree. 15. What can we infer about the Cypress of Saint Francis? A. It is economically meaningful. B. It is the oldest ancient tree. C. It is culturally valuable. D. It is easily accessible. 第二节 七选五（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways. ___16___ Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third , note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest. You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. ___17___.Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. ___18___. The following methods may work best for you. •Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it. •Carefully read the text and watch for words that ca n show main points and supporting facts. •Write your notes in your own words. •___19___ •Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written. •As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand (速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them.___20___ A. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes. B. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later. C That means you must first decide what is import ant enough to include in your notes. D. Use words, not complete sentences. E. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. F. That means you must write your notes on separate paper. G. There are three very useful note-taking methods. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I fell in love with Hong Kong pretty much at first sight! It’s the city where I ____21____ my first home, raised my son and studied my MBA. Our first ____22____ was in October 2010, when my husband and I were here for a week to see the city we would be calling ____23____ for the next few years. Once we entered the city, it ____24____ us with its vibrancy (活力) and almost immediately I ____25____ that our decision to make this tour was the right one. At the end of that week, I already knew enough to feel ____26____ with Hong Kong. Finally we ____27____ here a few months later, and I loved everything about Hong Kong! The wet markets, the fashionable shopping malls, the bargaining at Mongkok, the fine dining… there is so much to ____28____! One thing that I will always be ____29____ for is the opportunity to travel. And Hong Kong gave me plenty of that. We saw and better _____30_____ this part of the world. The _____31_____ that the East presents the world is so profound that it can only be understood if you come here. I am preparing for a new adventure in London. We are _____32_____ a move there again in less than a month, and the _____33_____ of the new is so mixed with the loss of the familiar that I really cannot describe how I am _____34_____. I feel blessed to be able to call this mobile place my home. Most of all, I am grateful for the _____35_____ that help my son broaden his views and experiences. 21. A. called up B. set up C. broke up D. took up 22. A. party B. appointment C. experiment D. visit 23. A. home B. school C. friend D. religion 24. A. influenced B. supplied C. impressed D. provided 25. A. realized B. remembered C. decided D. reminded 26. A. convenient B. angry C. embarrassed D. comfortable 27. A. left B. moved C. entered D. approved 28. A. hate B. memorize C. experience D. describe 29. A. thirsty B. anxious C. grateful D. ready 30. A. packed B. invested C. recovered D. understood 31. A. freedom B. wisdom C. wonder D. mystery 32. A. learning B. suffering C. making D. settling 33. A. discovery B. disappointment C. excitement D. emotion 34. A. looking B. feeling C. breathing D. tasting 35. A. concerns B. opportunities C. boss D. payment 第二节 短文填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 A ___36___ (major) of young Chinese are taking scientists such as Yuan Longping, known as “the father of hybrid rice”, as their idols,___37___ (expect) to pass on their spirit, a recent survey(调查) found. The nationwide survey, conducted in Beijing by China Youth Daily, interviewed 1,630 people aged 14 to 35 and found that 81% said they ___38___ (encourage) by the stories of the top scientists and wanted to become scientists ___39___ (they). The survey also found that the “spirit of scientists” included love ___40___ the country and a willingness to serve the people, the courage and efforts ___41___ (make) scientific breakthroughs. Huang Chong, the head of the ___42___ (society) investigation (调查) center at China Youth Daily, who ___43___ (lead) the survey, said the findings were unexpected. Huang had not expected to find that in the internet age, ___44___online celebrities attract much attention and quickly gain fame and benefits, so many young people would want to become scientists—___45___somewhat low-key job that requires long hours of hard work. 第四部分 写作（满分 40 分） 第一节 应用文写作（15 分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校英语报将以最美中国节为主题举办学生征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿介绍一个你喜欢的中国传统节日，内容包括：1. 主要节日习俗；2. 节日意义。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。 An Amazing Chinese Festival ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节读后续写（25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jackson’s parents died, and his neighbor Mrs Herring adopted him. The Herrings was a large, happy family. One day, Jackson had a big argument with Mrs Herring and he packed up and left the Herrings’ house in anger. With no place to go, Jackson spent the night on the street. The next morning. Jackson was standing outside the Herrings’ home, regretting what he had done the previous night. However, he was still hesitant to enter until he heard a voice behind him say. “Where were you last night?We all were worried about you.” After they entered the house, Mr Herring told Jackson Mrs Herring suffered a heart attack and was rushed to hospital the night after Jackson left. Jackson felt terrible about what he had done But he felt worse when Mr Herring told him how much Mrs Herring loved him. “She had helped your mother during her delivery, and she was there for you when you were a baby!After you live with us, she always tries her best to make you feel at home. She really hopes you can call her Mom.” “I was really horrible, wasn’t I?” asked Jackson. “I need to apologize to Mrs Herring. She’s done a lot for me.” “Well, then, I have an idea,” Mr Herring said. A few days after this, Mrs Herring returned home from the hospital to find her house decorated with balloons. And there were also flowers on the living room table, where a beautiful cake awaited her. “Happy birthday, honey, and welcome back home,” Mr Herring, said as he led her inside. On her 60th birthday, all the family members wished Mrs Herring, but her sad eyes were searching for Jackson everywhere. “He isn’t here?” she asked sadly. “I’m sorry, honey,” said Mr Herring. “How about putting everything aside and just cutting the cake?” Mrs Herring sighed. She sat at the table and was about to blow out the candles when the doorbell rang. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On the doorstep stood Jackson with a huge bouquet (花束) of red roses in his hands. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then Mrs Herring asked Jackson to blow out the candles together. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 CBCBC 6-10 BCAAB 11-15 CCCBC 16-20 ACCAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025 学年度第一学期开学考试高二英语试卷 （本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the man think of the play? A. It was interesting. B. It was moving. C. It was boring. 2. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The man will return the magazine. B. The magazine is gone. C. The woman will buy a new magazine. 3. What will John have for dinner? A. Noodles. B. Pizza. C. Fish and chips. 4. Who probably knows the exact location of the supermarket? A. Julie. B. Lily. C. Anna. 5. What does the man mean? A. He doesn’t like the hats. B. He wants the woman to buy all the hats. C. He doesn’t think the woman can afford all the hats. 第二节请听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。 6. When will the woman meet the man? A. On Friday. B. On Sunday. C. On Saturday. 7. What does the woman usually do at two o’clock? A. She has a break. B. She has a meeting. C. She has lunch. 请听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。 8. Why are the Blacks moving to Australia? A. Mr. Black has found a new job there. B They have many friends there. C. Mrs. Black wants to teach there. 9. What might Mrs. Black do in Melbourne? A. A teacher. B. A housewife. C. A clerk. 请听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. When must the speakers choose their courses? A. Within two days. B. Within three days. C. Within five days. 11. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Ask her teacher for help. B. Choose two courses at one time. C. Choose the course that she is interested in. 12. What course does the woman choose in the end? A. Japanese. B. Yoga. C. The Art of Film. 请听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. How does the man book the rooms? A. In his company’s name. B. In his friends’ names. C. In his name. 14. How will the man’s friends arrive in New York? A. By train. B. By plane. C. By car. 15. What does the man ask the woman to do for his friends? A. To give them two rooms facing the sea. B. To give them two rooms across from each other. C. To arrange a conference room for them. 16. How long will the man’s friends be staying at the hotel? A. For two weeks. B. For one week. C. For three days. 请听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. How many aspects(方面) of the United Kingdom does the man refer to? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 18. Which of the following is NOT a historical monument? A. Windsor Castle. B. The Tower of London. C. The National Gallery. 19 Which of the following film series was NOT produced by a British studio? A. James Bond B. Star Wars. C. Harry Potter. 20. Which of the following sports originated ( 起 源 ) in the United Kingdom? A. Badminton. B. Basketball. C. Golf 第二部分 阅读理解（共三节，满分 50 分） 第一节 单项选择（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Belfast Friendship Club Belfast Friendship Club is a safe space for people from all over the world to meet in a relaxed atmosphere (气 氛), to get information, to take part in activities, to make friends and help each other. Everyone welcomes! Whether you are a worker, an international student, on holidays or coming back after living away, as long as you’re prepared to talk or just listen to people you would not normally get to meet, Belfast Friendship Club is the place for you. Belfast Friendship Club offers a special welcome to newcomers who find themselves in Belfast for any reason. Belfast Friendship Club works on three rules: equality, respect and unity. What we do Belfast Friendship Club meets on Thursday evenings in a non-profit cafe. You can come in to: ●sit around; ●have a cup of tea or coffee; ●get to know new people or meet old friends; ●find out about events, parties and activities; ●learn about volunteering opportunities; ●exchange information about anything, from language or dance classes to how to find work; ●learn from each other’s countries, backgrounds and cultures; ●develop support networks and lifelong friendships. The atmosphere is friendly and informal. Everyone is welcome. You will receive a warm greeting at the door from one of the Club’s “older” members. Events and activities Belfast Friendship Club also runs events and outings. Most of them are free. Activities include social events such as clothes swaps, a wide range of volunteering opportunities in Belfast and beyond, creative workshops and art projects, picnics and outings, men’s and women’s football teams. Contact us To contact Belfast Friendship Club, email to Stephanie Mitchell, Belfast Friendship Club coordinator stephanie mitchell@sbrtr.org.uk. 1. What is Belfast Friendship Club? A. A dating centre for single people. B. A safe space for building friendships. C. A trusted organization for the jobless. D. A small group for protecting volunteers. 2. What may new members of Belfast Friendship Club receive? A. Respect. B. Outdoor training. C. Chatting skill training. D. Free tickets for two cups. 3. How often does Belfast Friendship Club hold a meeting? A. Every 3 days. B. Every 5 days. C. Every 7 days. D. Every 15 days. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了贝尔法斯特友谊俱乐部的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Belfast Friendship Club is a safe space for people from all over the world to meet in a relaxed atmosphere, to get information, to take part in activities, to make friends and help each other.(贝尔法斯特友谊俱乐部是一个安全的空间，让来自世界各地的人们在轻松的氛围中见面，获取信息，参加活动，结交朋友，互相帮助)”可知，贝尔法斯特友谊俱乐部是一个建立安全的友谊的空间。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Belfast Friendship Club works on three rules: equality, respect and unity.(贝尔法斯特友谊俱乐部遵循三条原则：平等、尊重和团结)”可知，在贝尔法斯特友谊俱乐部中的新成员可以受到尊重。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Belfast Friendship Club meets on Thursday evenings in a non-profit cafe.(贝尔法斯特友谊俱乐部每周四晚上在一家非盈利咖啡馆聚会)”可知，俱乐部每周举行一次聚会，即，7天举办一次聚会。故选C。 B Besides being a lovely and important part of marine ecosystems, baby seals might have an unusual ability. They can change the pitch (音高) of their voices to be better understood, like humans do, a new study found. A person or animal using this skill is being what’s called “vocally plastic”, or adjusting their vocal (声音的) signals in response to environmental changes that overlap or cover up their voices, according to the study published Monday in the journal Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society. The researchers had a number of reasons for wanting to test the vocal changes of baby harbor seals. The rare ability to copy new sounds — vocal learning — had been seen previously among adult harbor seals and a few other mammal species (哺乳动物), according to the authors. And very few mammals have the ability to change their vocal pitch to sound higher or lower, which is important for human communication. “By looking at one of the few other mammals who may be capable of learning sounds, we can better understand how we, humans, acquire speech, and finally why we are such chatty animals,” said Andrea Ravignani. As the seals heard a speaker play a 45-minute recording consisting of high noise, low noise or no playback over several days, they naturally called out. When the baby seals heard louder sea noises, they lowered their vocal pitch. During more intense noise levels, the pups used a steadier pitch — and one seal raised its voice. This behavior, called the Lombard Effect, is typical for human speech when people talk louder to be more understandable, the authors said. “The findings showed that seal pups have a more advanced control over their vocalisations than assumed up until now,” Ravignani said in a statement. “This control seems to be already present at only a few weeks of age. This is astonishing, as few other mammals seem capable of that.” 4. What does paragraph 1 tell us about baby seals? A. They are cute but rare. B. They can change vocal pitch. C. They can understand human words. D. They can be harmed by environmental changes. 5. What is the researchers’ main reason for studying baby seals? A. To better understand adult harbor seals. B. To show their rare ability of vocal learning. C. To know more about human communication. D. To find out how to protect them from extinction. 6. What does Ravignani intend to express in the last paragraph? A. Baby seals can control their vocalisations when born. B. Baby seals’ vocal ability is out of scientists’ expectation. C. Scientists have long understood the vocal ability of baby seals. D. Many other baby mammals are better at vocalisations than baby seals. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. A surprising fact about baby seals B. Baby seals are cuter than assumed C. Harbor seals are in danger of extinction D. The amazing survival ability of baby seals 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了小海豹拥有调整声音音高的能力，这一发现对于理解人类语言习得有重要启示。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Besides being a lovely and important part of marine ecosystems, baby seals might have an unusual ability. They can change the pitch (音高) of their voices to be better understood, like humans do, a new study found.(除了是海洋生态系统中可爱而重要的一部分外，海豹宝宝可能还有一种不同寻常的能力。一项新的研究发现，它们可以像人类一样改变声音的音高，以更好地被理解)”可知，第一段主要告诉我们小海豹能够调整它们的声音音高以更好地被理解。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“And very few mammals have the ability to change their vocal pitch to sound higher or lower, which is important for human communication.“By looking at one of the few other mammals who may be capable of learning sounds, we can better understand how we, humans, acquire speech, and finally why we are such chatty animals,” said Andrea Ravignani.(很少有哺乳动物能够改变音高，使其听起来更高或更低，这对人类交流很重要。Andrea Ravignani说：“通过观察其他少数能够学习声音的哺乳动物之一，我们可以更好地了解我们人类是如何获得语言的，以及为什么我们是如此健谈的动物。”)”可知，研究人员研究小海豹的主要原因是想通过了解这种可能同样具备声音学习能力的哺乳动物，从而更好地理解人类如何习得语言，以及为何人类如此善于交流。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段““The findings showed that seal pups have a more advanced control over their vocalisations than assumed up until now,” Ravignani said in a statement. “This control seems to be already present at only a few weeks of age. This is astonishing, as few other mammals seem capable of that.”(Ravignani在一份声明中说：“研究结果表明，海豹幼崽对发声的控制比迄今为止想象的要先进。”。“这种控制似乎在几周大的时候就已经存在了。这令人惊讶，因为似乎很少有其他哺乳动物能够做到这一点。”)”可知，最后一段中Ravignani表示，小海豹对它们的声音有着比之前假设更为高级的控制能力，这令人惊讶，因为很少有其他哺乳动物能够做到这一点。所以，Ravignani想要表达的是海豹宝宝的发声能力出乎科学家们的意料。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Besides being a lovely and important part of marine ecosystems, baby seals might have an unusual ability. They can change the pitch (音高) of their voices to be better understood, like humans do, a new study found.(除了是海洋生态系统中可爱而重要的一部分外，海豹宝宝可能还有一种不同寻常的能力。一项新的研究发现，它们可以像人类一样改变声音的音高，以更好地被理解)”以及全文可知，文章主要揭示了一个关于小海豹的令人惊讶的事实——它们能够改变声音的音高来适应环境，这在哺乳动物中是罕见的能力。所以“关于海豹宝宝的一个令人惊讶的事实”适合作本文的标题。故选A。 C It’s common to hear Germans being highly regarded around the world for their workplace and office efficiency (效率). It is true that German workers are more productive than the rest of their European neighbors, while still taking more sick days and holidays, especially in comparison to British workers. One of the reasons is that Germans’ better understanding of a work-life balance. By truly finding that sweet spot between work and play, Germans can be far more productive within the office, while relaxing more efficiently. Lots of references to this balance can be found in German slang. “Brückentage”, or “bridge days”, is a common German saying which means to take time off around bank holidays, when most workers will take an extra day or two off work in order to refuel, preparing themselves mentally for the work ahead. Another common German expression “Erst die Arbeit, dann das Vergnügen!”means “First work, then pleasure”. As such, there seems to be a culture within Germany of working first and then focusing on relaxing, all while understanding that taking time to recharge will help you be more productive in the future. There is a trend (趋势) within British office workers to come to work, even when they are ill, and to pay little attention to any sickness in front of management. While this does lead to more time in the office, it has serious negative effects on productivity and creates the risk of illnesses passing between colleagues. However, in Germany, there is a strong feeling that if you are sick you should stay at home—not only does it protect other office workers, but it also allows the individual to rest and recover properly, meaning they are fit for work and more productive in a shorter space of time. 8. What can be known about German workers from paragraph 1? A They are believed to be more productive than British ones. B. They are proud of having good working conditions. C. They work less time due to fear of making mistakes. D. They tend to become sick more often than British workers. 9. What do Germans do during “bridge days”? A. Play bridge. B. Work extra hours. C. Rest and relax. D. Plan medical examinations. 10. Which best shows Germans’ understanding of a work-life balance? A. Work less and play more. B. Keep on working though ill. C. First work, then pleasure. D. More work, better life. 11. In which aspect do German workers differ from British workers? A. Working hours. B. Ways of management. C. Work efficiency in offices. D. Attitudes to work with illness. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了德国人在工作中对于工作与生活平衡的理解，这导致了他们的工作效率在整个欧洲最高。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It is true that German workers are more productive than the rest of their European neighbors, while still taking more sick days and holidays, especially in comparison to British workers. (诚然，德国工人的生产率高于其他欧洲邻国，但他们仍然有更多的病假和假期，尤其是与英国工人相比。)”可知，德国工人被认为比英国工人更有效率。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段““Brückentage”, or “bridge days”, is a common German saying which means to take time off around bank holidays, when most workers will take an extra day or two off work in order to refuel, preparing themselves mentally for the work ahead. (“Brückentage”，或“桥日”，是一个常见的德国谚语，意思是在银行假期前后休假，当大多数工人会额外休息一天或两天，以补充体力，为未来的工作做好心理准备。)”可知，德国人在“桥日”会放松和休息。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“One of the reasons is that Germans’ better understanding of a work-life balance. (其中一个原因是德国人对工作与生活的平衡有更好的理解。)”及文章第三段“Another common German expression “Erst die Arbeit, dann das Vergnügen!”means “First work, then pleasure”. As such, there seems to be a culture within Germany of working first and then focusing on relaxing, all while understanding that taking time to recharge will help you be more productive in the future. (另一个常见的德语表达“Erst die Arbeit, dann das Vergnügen!”意思是“先工作，后娱乐”。因此，德国似乎有一种先工作，然后专注于放松的文化，同时明白花时间充电将有助于你在未来更有效率。)”可知，“先工作，后娱乐”最能体现德国人对工作与生活平衡的理解。故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“There is a trend (趋势) within British office workers to come to work, even when they are ill, and to pay little attention to any sickness in front of management. While this does lead to more time in the office, it has serious negative effects on productivity and creates the risk of illnesses passing between colleagues. However, in Germany, there is a strong feeling that if you are sick you should stay at home—not only does it protect other office workers, but it also allows the individual to rest and recover properly, meaning they are fit for work and more productive in a shorter space of time. (在英国的办公室职员中有一种趋势，就是即使他们生病了也要来上班，而且在管理人员面前对任何疾病都不太在意。虽然这会让你在办公室里待的时间更长，但也会对工作效率产生严重的负面影响，还会造成同事之间疾病传播的风险。然而，在德国，人们有一种强烈的感觉，如果你生病了，你应该待在家里，这不仅可以保护其他办公室工作人员，也可以让个人休息和恢复正常，这意味着他们适合工作，在更短的时间内更有效率。)”可知，在对待带病工作的态度上，德国工人和英国工人不同。故选D。 D Italy has made sure through law that every Italian and visitor to the country has the right to come across the oldest trees in the nation, gaining the wonderful feeling of discovery and respect we get from seeing an ancient tree. The law of the ancient trees of Italy was passed in 1939, and protected 22, 000 trees of various sorts from harm. One of the most important aspects of ancient trees is not their beauty, but the fact that their hollows (树洞), scars, dead branches, and living ones all play host to a wide variety of species like insects, mushrooms, birds, etc. Signs of damage, while hardly being pleasing to the eye, provide vital nutrients and shelters for the forest animals. Many of the ancient trees didn’t become important for their beauty, but for their age. The olive tree in the village of Villastrada in Umbria could be 2, 500 years old, but it isn’t exactly a looker. Its principal trunk has decayed for long, and other younger trunks have grown over its lifespan. In 2013 a better definition of an ancient tree was passed into Italian law. Since then, over 3, 000 new trees have joined the national ancient tree list. Some are valued for their beauty; others for their age; yet more are valued for the cultural stories surrounding their lives. The 800-year-old Cypress of Saint Francis is said to have been planted when, returning from a walk, Saint Francis of Assisi tried to burn the walking stick he had just used. When it failed to catch fire, he decided to plant it instead, saying “If you do not want to burn, grow up!” The cones (球果 ) that fall every year from that tree are gathered in the hopes that people who can manage to grow something from its seeds will have a blessed tree. 12. What is possibly the most important aspect of ancient trees? A. Their extremely large sizes. B. Their closeness to other species. C. Their amazingly natural beauty. D. Their effects as micro-ecosystems. 13. Why is the olive tree in Villastrada mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To present a fact. B. To confirm a policy. C. To draw a conclusion. D. To explain a definition. 14. What made it possible for more trees to be recognized as ancient trees? A. The greatly increased public interest. B. The growing number of ancient trees. C. The great command from the government. D. The change in defining an ancient tree. 15. What can we infer about the Cypress of Saint Francis? A. It is economically meaningful. B. It is the oldest ancient tree. C. It is culturally valuable. D. It is easily accessible. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了意大利的古树。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“One of the most important aspects of ancient trees is not their beauty, but the fact that their hollows (树洞), scars, dead branches, and living ones all play host to a wide variety of species like insects, mushrooms, birds, etc.(古树最重要的一个方面不是它们的美丽，而是它们的空洞、疤痕、枯枝和活枝都是昆虫、蘑菇、鸟类等各种物种的宿主)”可知，古树最重要的部分是它们作为微生态系统的作用。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Many of the ancient trees didn’t become important for their beauty, but for their age. The olive tree in the village of Villastrada in Umbria could be 2, 500 years old, but it isn’t exactly a looker.(许多古树变得重要的不是它们的美丽，而是它们的年龄。在翁布里亚的维拉斯特拉达村，这棵橄榄树可能已经有2500年的历史了，但它的长相并不好看)”可知，文章第三段提及Villastrada的橄榄树是为了陈述有的树木由于年龄而重要的事实。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“In 2013 a better definition of an ancient tree was passed into Italian law. Since then, over 3, 000 new trees have joined the national ancient tree list.(2013年，意大利法律通过了对古树的更好定义。从那时起，超过3000棵新树加入了国家古树名录)”可知，更多的树木被认可为古树是由于对古树定义的变化。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The 800-year-old Cypress of Saint Francis is said to have been planted when, returning from a walk, Saint Francis of Assisi tried to burn the walking stick he had just used. When it failed to catch fire, he decided to plant it instead, saying “If you do not want to burn, grow up!” The cones that fall every year from that tree are gathered in the hopes that people who can manage to grow something from its seeds will have a blessed tree.(据说，这棵有着800年历史的圣弗朗西斯柏树是在阿西西的圣弗朗西斯散步回来的时候种下的，当时他试图烧掉他刚刚用过的手杖。当它没有着火时，他决定种下它，并说:“如果你不想燃烧，就长大吧!”每年从那棵树上掉下来的球果都被收集起来，希望那些能从它的种子中长出东西的人能拥有一棵幸运的树。)”可知，我们能推断出圣弗朗西斯的柏树的文化价值。故选C。 第二节 七选五（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways. ___16___ Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third , note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest. You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. ___17___.Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. ___18___. The following methods may work best for you. •Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it. •Carefully read the text and watch for words that ca n show main points and supporting facts. •Write your notes in your own words. •___19___ •Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written. •As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand (速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them.___20___ A. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes. B. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later. C. That means you must first decide what is import ant enough to include in your notes. D. Use words, not complete sentences. E. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. F. That means you must write your notes on separate paper. G. There are three very useful note-taking methods. 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. F 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章介绍了做笔记的重要性和策略。 【16题详解】 根据后文“Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.(第二，当你准备考试时，你的笔记是很好的参考材料)”可知，空处应表示记笔记的第一种好处，E选项“首先，写下一些东西的简单行为使你更容易理解和记住它”符合文章结构和含义。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据前文“You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report.(你需要在课堂讨论、阅读教科书或做报告研究时做笔记)”表明什么时候需要做笔记，A选项“你也会想要建立你自己的记笔记的方法”表示想要通过记笔记达成的目标，本句结构You will also want to与You will want to对应。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.(无论何时或以何种方式记笔记，记住记笔记是一个选择性的过程)”表明记笔记是选择的过程，即，记笔记需要根据自己的需求进行，F选项“这意味着你必须把你的笔记写在单独的纸上”同样表示笔记的选择性。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据上文“The following methods may work best for you.(下面的方法可能最适合你)”表示空处为记笔记的几个策略，D选项“使用单词，而不是完整的句子”符合含义。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据前文“As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand .When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them.(当你做笔记时，你可能想要使用自己的速记。当你这样做的时候，确保你理解你的符号并使用它们)”可知，在速记时，要用自己能看懂的符号，B选项“否则，你以后可能无法阅读你的笔记”表明不这样做的后果。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I fell in love with Hong Kong pretty much at first sight! It’s the city where I ____21____ my first home, raised my son and studied my MBA. Our first ____22____ was in October 2010, when my husband and I were here for a week to see the city we would be calling ____23____ for the next few years. Once we entered the city, it ____24____ us with its vibrancy (活力) and almost immediately I ____25____ that our decision to make this tour was the right one. At the end of that week, I already knew enough to feel ____26____ with Hong Kong. Finally we ____27____ here a few months later, and I loved everything about Hong Kong! The wet markets, the fashionable shopping malls, the bargaining at Mongkok, the fine dining… there is so much to ____28____! One thing that I will always be ____29____ for is the opportunity to travel. And Hong Kong gave me plenty of that. We saw and better _____30_____ this part of the world. The _____31_____ that the East presents the world is so profound that it can only be understood if you come here. I am preparing for a new adventure in London. We are _____32_____ a move there again in less than a month, and the _____33_____ of the new is so mixed with the loss of the familiar that I really cannot describe how I am _____34_____. I feel blessed to be able to call this mobile place my home. Most of all, I am grateful for the _____35_____ that help my son broaden his views and experiences. 21. A. called up B. set up C. broke up D. took up 22. A. party B. appointment C. experiment D. visit 23. A. home B. school C. friend D. religion 24. A. influenced B. supplied C. impressed D. provided 25. A. realized B. remembered C. decided D. reminded 26. A. convenient B. angry C. embarrassed D. comfortable 27. A. left B. moved C. entered D. approved 28. A. hate B. memorize C. experience D. describe 29. A. thirsty B. anxious C. grateful D. ready 30. A. packed B. invested C. recovered D. understood 31. A. freedom B. wisdom C. wonder D. mystery 32. A. learning B. suffering C. making D. settling 33. A. discovery B. disappointment C. excitement D. emotion 34. A. looking B. feeling C. breathing D. tasting 35. A. concerns B. opportunities C. boss D. payment 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者旅居香港的经历，以及随后将旅居伦敦的打算。 【21题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。A. called up打电话；B. set up建立；C. broke up分裂，破裂；D. took up开始做。空格处为该句谓语动词，搭配宾语“my first home”，结合后半部分“raised my son and studied my MBA”可知，作者建立在港的第一个家，养育孩子并攻读工商管理硕士学位。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。A. party聚会；B. appointment约会，预约；C. experiment实验；D. visit拜访。根据后文“when my husband and I were here for a week to see the city we would be calling 　　　 for the next few years.”可知，作者和她丈夫到香港来参观这个未来几年将与他们的生活有关联的城市，因此空格处应是“拜访，参观”之意。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。A. home家；B. school学校；C. friend朋友；D. religion宗教。根据前文“It’s the city where I set up my first home, raised my son and studied my MBA.”可知，第一次拜访后的几年，作者在香港定居生活，因此称这个城市为“家”。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。A. influenced影响；B.supplied供应；C.impressed给（某人）留下深刻印象；D. provided提供。根据文章第一句“I fell in love with Hong Kong pretty much at first sight! ”，作者第一次拜访香港便爱上这个城市，空格处后面又提到“with its vibrancy”，因此此处指香港的活力给作者“留下深刻印象”之意。且此处为固定词组搭配impress sb with sth，意为“某事给某人留下深刻印象”。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。A. realized意识到；B. remembered记住；C. decided决定；D. reminded提醒。根据前文“Once we entered the city, it impressed us with its vibrancy (活力) ”，作者对香港的印象极佳，因此他意识到这次来港探访的决定是正确的。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。A. convenient便利的；B. angry生气的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. comfortable舒服的，舒适的。根据前文“Once we entered the city, it impressed us with its vibrancy (活力) and almost immediately I realized that our decision to make this tour was the right one.”可知，作者认为香港是个非常适宜的定居选择，故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。A. left离开；B. moved搬家，移动；C. entered进入；D.approved批准，通过。根据前文“ It’s the city where I set up my first home, raised my son and studied my MBA.”及“ At the end of that week, I already knew enough to feel comfortable with Hong Kong.”，作者对香港已做不少了解，感到它是个适宜的选择，故决定定居香港。因此此处应是“搬到”这里。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。A. hate憎恨，讨厌；B. memorize记住；C. experience经历，体验；D. describe描述。根据前文“The wet markets, the fashionable shopping malls, the bargaining at Mongkok, the fine dining…”，香港有菜市场、时尚购物中心等丰富多彩的生活选择，因此此处应指有很多可供“体验”的选择。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。A. thirsty口渴的；B. anxious焦虑的，急切的；C. grateful感激的；D. ready准备好的，乐意的。本句“the opportunity to travel”指本次来港的机会，这个机会已实现，故不可能为“我将一直渴望”或“我将一直为之准备的”，因此排除A、B、D项，作者对这次已实现的机会应是“感激的”。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。A. packed打包；B. invested投资；C. recovered恢复；D. understood理解。根据前文“One thing that I will always be grateful for is the opportunity to travel. And Hong Kong gave me plenty of that. ”，作者到香港后可旅行、了解这个城市，故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。A. freedom自由；B. wisdom智慧；C. wonder奇迹，奇观；D. mystery神秘的人或事。本句主语为空格处，表语为“so profound(如此深刻的)”，因此主语应为wisdom才符合此搭配。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。A. learning学习；B. suffering遭受，受苦；C. making做出（某个动作）；D. settling安定下来，定居。根据前文“I am preparing for a new adventure in London. ”，作者准备到伦敦继续新的体验。此处为固定搭配make a move，意为“搬家，挪地方”。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。A. discovery发现；B.disappointment失望；C.excitement激动；D.emotion情绪，情感。根据前文在香港的体验及末段第一句“I am preparing for a new adventure in London. ”可知，空格处“the new(新鲜事物)”所带来的某种东西应是“刺激”。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。A. looking看；B. feeling感觉；C. breathing呼吸；D. tasting品尝。联系前文“the excitement of the new is so mixed with the loss of the familiar”，新鲜事物的刺激感和失去家庭生活的感觉混杂在一起，因此作者无法形容的是自己的“感觉”。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。A. concerns顾虑，担忧；B. opportunities机会；C.boss老板；D. payment支付。根据修饰空格处的定语从句“that help my son broaden his views and experiences”可知，帮助作者的儿子拓展视野和经历的应是这些“机会”。故选B项。 第二节 短文填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 A ___36___ (major) of young Chinese are taking scientists such as Yuan Longping, known as “the father of hybrid rice”, as their idols,___37___ (expect) to pass on their spirit, a recent survey(调查) found. The nationwide survey, conducted in Beijing by China Youth Daily, interviewed 1,630 people aged 14 to 35 and found that 81% said they ___38___ (encourage) by the stories of the top scientists and wanted to become scientists ___39___ (they). The survey also found that the “spirit of scientists” included love ___40___ the country and a willingness to serve the people, the courage and efforts ___41___ (make) scientific breakthroughs. Huang Chong, the head of the ___42___ (society) investigation (调查) center at China Youth Daily, who ___43___ (lead) the survey, said the findings were unexpected. Huang had not expected to find that in the internet age, ___44___online celebrities attract much attention and quickly gain fame and benefits, so many young people would want to become scientists—___45___somewhat low-key job that requires long hours of hard work. 【答案】36. majority 37. expecting 38. were encouraged 39. themselves 40. for 41. to make 42. social 43. led 44. when 45. a 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，最近一项调查发现，大多数中国年轻人被顶级科学家的故事所鼓舞，想成为一名科学家。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：最近的一项调查发现，大多数中国年轻人都把“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平这样的科学家奉为偶像，希望将他们的精神传承下去。空处为名词，a majority of意思为：大多数，固定短语。故填majority。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句子的谓语为are taking，空处为非谓语动词，young Chinese与expect为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填expecting。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这项由《中国青年报》在北京开展的全国性调查采访了1630名年龄在14岁至35岁之间的人，发现81%的人说他们被顶级科学家的故事所鼓舞，并希望自己成为科学家。空处作said的宾语从句的谓语，they与encourage为被动关系，且结合said可知，从句用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为复数。故填were encouraged。 【39题详解】 考查代词。句意同上。空处表示“他们自己”用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：调查还发现，“科学家精神”包括热爱国家、愿意为人民服务、勇于和努力实现科学突破。空处缺少介词，表示“对……的热爱”用love for。故填for。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。efforts to do意思为：……的努力，为不定式作后置定语。故填to make。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：《中国青年报》社会调查中心主任、此次调查的负责人黄冲（音译）表示，调查结果出乎意料。空处修饰investigation (调查) center，用形容词作定语。social意思为：社会的。故填social。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态。句意同上。根据句意可知，调查发生在过去，用一般过去时，who引导定语从句，空处作定语从句的谓语，lead的过去式为led。故填led。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：黄没有想到，在网络时代，网红吸引了很多关注，迅速获得了名声和利益，而很多年轻人想成为科学家——这是一份需要长时间努力工作的低调工作。age为先行词，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词在句子中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导从句。故填when。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意同上。根据句意，表示“低调工作”为泛指，somewhat以辅音音素开始发音，不定冠词用a。故填a。 第四部分 写作（满分 40 分） 第一节 应用文写作（15 分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校英语报将以最美中国节为主题举办学生征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿介绍一个你喜欢的中国传统节日，内容包括：1. 主要节日习俗；2. 节日意义。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。 An Amazing Chinese Festival ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 An Amazing Chinese Festival One of my favorite Chinese traditional festivals is the Mid-Autumn Festival. It is celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar when the moon is at its fullest and brightest. This festival has a rich history spanning over 3,000 years. Chinese people worshiped the moon to give thanks for the harvest and to encourage the “harvest-giving light” to return in the coming year. Nowadays, the full moon is a symbol of family reunions. Families gather to admire the full moon while enjoying tasty mooncakes whose round shape and sweet flavor symbolize completeness and sweetness. The Mid-Autumn Festival holds deep cultural significance in Chinese tradition. It symbolizes unity and harmony within families, much like how the full moon brings everyone together under its light. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文投稿介绍一个你喜欢中国传统节日。 【详解】1.词汇积累 庆祝：celebrate→observe 欣赏：admire→appreciate 重要性：significance→importance 团结：unity→solidarity 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Chinese people worshiped the moon to give thanks for the harvest and to encourage the “harvest-giving light” to return in the coming year. 拓展句：The reason why Chinese people worshiped the moon is to give thanks for the harvest and to encourage the “harvest-giving light” to return in the coming year. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It is celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar when the moon is at its fullest and brightest. (运用了when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Families gather to admire the full moon while enjoying tasty mooncakes whose round shape and sweet flavor symbolize completeness and sweetness. (运用了while引导的时间状语从句的省略以及whose引导的定语从句) 第二节读后续写（25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jackson’s parents died, and his neighbor Mrs Herring adopted him. The Herrings was a large, happy family. One day, Jackson had a big argument with Mrs Herring and he packed up and left the Herrings’ house in anger. With no place to go, Jackson spent the night on the street. The next morning. Jackson was standing outside the Herrings’ home, regretting what he had done the previous night. However, he was still hesitant to enter until he heard a voice behind him say. “Where were you last night?We all were worried about you.” After they entered the house, Mr Herring told Jackson Mrs Herring suffered a heart attack and was rushed to hospital the night after Jackson left. Jackson felt terrible about what he had done. But he felt worse when Mr Herring told him how much Mrs Herring loved him. “She had helped your mother during her delivery, and she was there for you when you were a baby!After you live with us, she always tries her best to make you feel at home. She really hopes you can call her Mom.” “I was really horrible, wasn’t I?” asked Jackson. “I need to apologize to Mrs Herring. She’s done a lot for me.” “Well, then, I have an idea,” Mr Herring said. A few days after this, Mrs Herring returned home from the hospital to find her house decorated with balloons. And there were also flowers on the living room table, where a beautiful cake awaited her. “Happy birthday, honey, and welcome back home,” Mr Herring, said as he led her inside. On her 60th birthday, all the family members wished Mrs Herring, but her sad eyes were searching for Jackson everywhere. “He isn’t here?” she asked sadly. “I’m sorry, honey,” said Mr Herring. “How about putting everything aside and just cutting the cake?” Mrs Herring sighed. She sat at the table and was about to blow out the candles when the doorbell rang. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On the doorstep stood Jackson with a huge bouquet (花束) of red roses in his hands. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then Mrs Herring asked Jackson to blow out the candles together. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: On the doorstep stood Jackson with a huge bouquet (花束) of red roses in his hands. He walked up to Mrs Herring, hugged her, and said, “Happy birthday. Mommy! Were you planning on cutting the cake without me?” Mrs Herring was surprised to hear Jackson call her Mommy. She cried so much that even Jackson couldn’t keep his tears. Jackson said, “I’m sorry for what I have done. Mommy.” Mrs Herring said she had forgiven him on hearing him call her Mommy, which she had been waiting for a long time. Then Mrs Herring asked Jackson to blow out the candles together. Mrs Herring cut the cake and gave the biggest piece to Jackson. With the piece of cake in hands, Jackson said. “This is my family, and I will treasure every moment we share.” That day, the Herrings and Jackson cried, laughed. and had a lot of cake together. Mrs Herring’s 60th birthday turned out to be the best one, and she was “gifted” with a loving son. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，Jackson的父母去世后，邻居Mrs Herring收养了他。但有一天，两人发生争吵，Jackson离开了Herring家。但第二天，他听到了Herring家人的关心，并了解到Mrs Herring一度因心脏病送院。Jackson意识到自己错了，回到Herring家庭向Mrs Herring道歉，并在她60岁生日时送上惊喜，和家人共庆生日，结束了矛盾。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“台阶上站着Jackson，手里拿着一大束红玫瑰。”可知，第一段可描写Jackson为Herring女士过生日，并且为自己的行为道歉，同时描述Herring女士的反应。 ②由第二段首句内容“然后赫林太太让杰克逊一起吹灭蜡烛。”可知，第二段可描写Herring女士接过Jackson的鲜花，并且原谅了Jackson，大家一起过生日的愉快场面。 2.续写线索： Jackson道歉——Herring女士接受道歉——大家一同过生日——Herring女士十分感动——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①走向：walk up to/come over/approach ②.抑制眼泪：keep his tears/hold back his tears ③.珍惜：treasure/value 情绪类 ①.惊讶的：surprised/astonished/amazed ②.感到抱歉：be sorry/be regretful 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Mrs Herring said she had forgiven him on hearing him call her Mommy, which she had been waiting for a long time.（由关系词which引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2]. With the piece of cake in hands, Jackson said. “This is my family, and I will treasure every moment we share.” （由with复合结构作状语） 1-5 CBCBC 6-10 BCAAB 11-15 CCCBC 16-20 ACCAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$