精品解析：安徽省马鞍山市第二中学2022 -2023学年高二上学期开学素质测试英语试题

2022马鞍山二中高二第一学期开学素质测试英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。 1．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a bookstore. B．In a restaurant. C．In a supermarket. 2．What is the man’ s grandfather doing? A．Watching TV. B．Watering the flowers. C．Cleaning his room. 3．How will the woman go to the theater? A．On foot. B．By car. C．By bus. 4．What are the speakers talking about? A．The weather. B．The clothes. C．The feelings. 5．When will the meeting start? A．At 8:15. B．At 8:30. C．At 8:45. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What relation is the woman to Mr. Perry probably? A．His wife. B．His secretary. C．His boss. 7．Why did Mr. Watson make the call? A．To cancel a meeting. B．To ask Mr. Perry to dinner. C．To change the time of the meeting. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What did the man do at the sports center yesterday? A．He ran on a track. B．He took a diving lesson. C．He did a workout in the gym. 9．What is the woman’ s attitude towards the sports center? A．Interested. B．Doubtful. C．Dissatisfied. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What does the woman need a picture for? A．A passport. B．An examination. C．A driver’s license. 11．What does the man suggest the woman do? A．Tie her hair back. B．Keep her glasses on. C．Change her dress. 12．Where will the woman probably go next? A．A post office. B．A shopping center. C．A library. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．How does the woman get her knowledge of the Ice Age? A．By reading an article. B．By listening to a lecture. C．By watching a documentary. 14．What did the man say about Ice Age people? A．They lived in caves. B．They had a talent for music. C．They had an advanced language. 15．How did people in the early Ice Age keep warm according to the woman? A．They wore clothing made of animal skins. B．They kept fires burning day and night. C．They built their houses facing south. 16．What does the man want the woman to do? A．Meet his classmates. B．Help him with homework. C．Give a presentation on the Ice Age. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What can students borrow from the center? A．Master copies. B．Grammar books. C．Magazines. 18．What do students need to borrow materials at the center? A．A student card. B．An ID card. C．An ILC card. 19．When can students borrow materials? A．On Wednesdays. B．On Fridays. C．On Saturdays. 20．What will the speaker talk about next? A．Types of language classes. B．Extra services for students. C．Rules at the center. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We all have a favorite independent pet shop, where we always pick up the tastiest treats and best dog toys. And now, it’s time to praise these small shops! This year, Beco, the UK’s leading pet brand, is launching the Independent Pet Shop Awards to champion the brilliant people who work tirelessly managing the independent pet shops we love. Beco will ask people to nominate(提名)their favorite independent pet shop. People who want to participate just need to register on www. becopets. com and answer a question. To motivate people to take part in the activity, Beco is giving away a dog basket worth £ 150 to five fortunate participants- The five lucky people will be selected at random. They will be contacted via email- They have 48 hours from the initial email to claim their prizes. Nominations are now open on www. becopets. com. Judges will visit the nominees before selecting one of them as the UK’s Favorite Independent Pet Shop. The final winner will be announced on November 20. •This activity is open to anyone who is a citizen of the United Kingdom. •Participants must be 18 or over. •Entry to the activity is restricted to one entry per person please. •Closing date for entries is 11: 59 pm on November 7. 1. Why is the Independent Pet Shop Awards started? A. To appeal for more attention to pets. B. To inform people of a famous pet brand. C. To promote the business of some pet shops. D. To honor some hardworking pet shop owners. 2. What will be awarded to the five lucky participants? A. 150 pounds. B. A pet basket. C. A pet dog. D. Free pet care. 3. Which of the following will result in disqualification ? A. Being a UK citizen. B. Being 19 years old. C. Submitting two entries. D. Participating online. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国正在进行的独立宠物店奖，鼓励人们报名参加，并从中随机选出五位幸运的宠物店主获奖。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“This year, Beco, the UK’s leading pet brand, is launching the Independent Pet Shop Awards to champion the brilliant people who work tirelessly managing the independent pet shops we love.(今年，英国领头的宠物品牌Beco将推出独立宠物店奖，以支持那些孜孜不倦地管理我们喜爱的独立宠物店的杰出人士。)”可知，设立独立宠物店奖的目的是表彰那些不辞辛劳地提供优质服务的宠物店店主。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“To motivate people to take part in the activity, Beco is giving away a dog basket worth £ 150 to five fortunate participants- The five lucky people will be selected at random.(为了激励人们参与活动，Beco 将给五位幸运参与者赠送价值 150 英镑的狗篮——这五位幸运者将随机选出。)”可知，五个幸运的参与者将会得到价值150英镑的宠物篮。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Entry to the activity is restricted to one entry per person please.(每人仅限参加一次活动。) ”可知，多次参加是被禁止的，是不符合参赛资格的。故选C项。 B Creativity Improves Your Health Creativity helps us create works of beauty, solve problems, and refresh our bodies and our minds. Studies show that engaging in creative behaviors improves brain function, mental health and physical health. You’ve probably heard of flow — it’s the state you get in when you’re completely absorbed in something. Have you ever been working on a project and completely lost all sense of self and time? That’s flow. It reduces anxiety, boosts your mood, and even slows your heart rate. But it’s not just being in flow that makes you happy. Repetitive creative motions like knitting, drawing, or writing help activate flow, and are all tasks that create a result. When you succeed in creating a result, your brain is flooded with dopamine, a natural anti-depressant that actually helps motivate you, whether or not you’re aware of your increased happiness. Creativity reduces anxiety, depression and stress. Studies have found that writing helps people manage their negative emotions in a productive way, and painting or drawing helps people express their mental injury or hurtful experiences that they find too difficult to put into words. A creative act such as crafting can help focus the mind, and has even been compared to meditation (冥想) due to its calming effects on the brain and body. What’s more, studies show people who write about their experiences daily actually have stronger immune system function. Writing, a creative work, increases your CD4+ lymphocyte (淋巴球) count, the key to your immune system. Playing music can also function well in your immune system. Our left brain is responsible for the motor functions, while our right brain focuses on melody. When the two parts work together, our cognitive (认知) function improves. It’s pretty amazing that doing the activities is good for us. Get a pen and start writing or coloring. Get your hands dirty with pottery or gardening or pick up an instrument. Whatever you decide to do, it’s time to start getting creative! 4. Which situation shows that you are in flow? A. You are absorbed in a work that interests you. B. You are having a boring repetitive action. C. You get lost and don’t know where to go. D. You are working with a difficult task. The underlined word “dopamine” in Paragraph 3 is probably _____5_____. A. an awareness of how to be successful B. a thought having calming effects on the brain C. a material for the functioning of the nervous system D. an activity to fight against your negative emotions 7. What can we learn from the passage? A. Repetitive actions can cure patients with mental diseases. B. Telling others your hurtful experiences helps improve your health. C. Meditation makes your anxiety, depression and stress disappear. D. Creative activities help you build a stronger immune system 8. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A novel on science. B. A magazine on health. C. A newspaper on technology. D. A website on psychology. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了创造力有助于改善健康的几个方面。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“You’ve probably heard of flow — it’s the state you get in when you’re completely absorbed in something.( 你可能听说过心流——当你完全专注于某件事时所进入的状态。)”以及本段中“Have you ever been working on a project and completely lost all sense of self and time? That’s flow.(你是否曾经在做一个项目时完全失去了自我和时间感？这是流。)”可知，当你完全沉浸于自己感兴趣的工作中时，你则处于心流状态之中。故选A。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“a natural anti-depressant that actually helps motivate you, whether or not you’re aware of your increased happiness.( 这是一种天然的抗抑郁剂，无论你是否意识到你的幸福感增加了，它都能帮助你激励自己。)”可知，划线词是神经系统功能的一种物质，即一种激励自己增加幸福感的天然的抗抑郁剂。C选项“a material for the functioning of the nervous system(用于神经系统功能的物质)”解释了划线词，符合题意。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“What’s more, studies show people who write about their experiences daily actually have stronger immune system function. Writing, a creative work, increases your CD4+ lymphocyte count, the key to your immune system. (更重要的是，研究表明每天写下自己经历的人实际上有更强的免疫系统功能。写作是一项创造性的工作，可以增加你的CD4+淋巴细胞计数，这是你免疫系统的关键。)”可知，创造性的活动能够帮助打造你更强大的免疫系统。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Creativity helps us create works of beauty, solve problems, and refresh our bodies and our minds. Studies show that engaging in creative behaviors improves brain function, mental health and physical health.( 创造力帮助我们创造美丽的作品，解决问题，刷新我们的身体和心灵。研究表明，从事创造性行为可以改善大脑功能、心理健康和身体健康。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了创造力有助于改善健康的几个方面。B选项“A magazine on health.(关于健康的杂志)”最可能是本文的来源。故选B。 C Have you ever wondered what wild animals do when no one is watching? Low cost, dependable and small modern cameras offered a big help. Cameras placed in hard-to-reach places have shot everything from small desert cats to larger snow-loving feline in the northern Rocky Mountains. Scientists have been able to document the “private” moments of wildlife with leading technology. Grant harries is a government biologist with the United States Fish and Wildlife Service in Albuquerque, New Mexico. In his words, “there's no doubt that these wild cameras are important tools to learn new information on wildlife.” Harries said some images help scientists see the effects of climate change. For example, the desert animal javelina and the tree-loving coatimundi have been caught on cameras north of their normal habitat. Harries said this could mean global warming is expanding their range northward. Researchers with the Wyoming Migration Initiative, or WMI, are among those using wild cameras along with global positioning systems, or gaps. They attach GPS devices to elf, mule deer and antelope in and around Yellow stone National Park. Then they can record their migrations. But WMI director Matt hew Kauffman says as those devices are limited, so is the amount of information they can gather from gaps. However, cameras can be left in very wild areas for days, weeks or even months. They can provide information on how many animals are moving over a given period of time. Putting those cameras in place required careful planning. Wild video can show details about animal behavior. However, wild cameras have their problems too. Animals such as wolverines and bears sometimes attack them. Scientists do not know if the attacks are the result of anger or interest. Also, the devices have become popular tools to help hunters look for animals. Some people argue that it is unfair to use the cameras that way. Even with such problems, wild cameras are clearly an important scientific tool in researching wild animals. 9. What does the underlined word “document” mean? A. Remind. B. Enrich. C. Appreciate. D. Record. 10. Which of the following helps scientists know about climate change? A. Where animals go. B. What animals eat. C. How active animals are. D. When animals move. 11. Why do some people argue against the cameras? A. It is difficult to fix the cameras. B. They might bring threats to animals. C. It is hard to achieve careful planning. D. They make animals angry. 12. What is the author's attitude towards wild cameras? A. Objective. B. Positive. C. Uncertain. D. Uncaring. 【答案】9. D 10. A 11. B 12. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了野外摄像机对于动物研究的作用和可能带来的问题。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。第二段“Low cost, dependable and small modern cameras offered a big help. Cameras placed in hard-to-reach places have shot everything from small desert cats to larger snow-loving feline in the northern Rocky Mountains. Scientists have been able to document the ‘private’ moments of wildlife with leading technology. (低成本，可靠和小型现代摄像机提供了很大的帮助。被安置在难以触及的地方的摄像机已经拍摄下了从沙漠里的小型猫科动物到落基山脉北部喜欢雪的大型猫科动物的画面。科学家们已经能够用先进的技术来document野生动物的‘隐秘’时刻)”中谈论了低成本，可靠和小型现代相机对动物观察提供的帮助，结合摄像机的功能可知，划线词document的意思应是“记录”，表示记录野生动物的“隐秘”时刻。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“For example, the desert animal javelina and the tree-loving coatimundi have been caught on cameras north of their normal habitat. Harris said this could mean global Warming is expanding their range northward.(例如，沙漠动物野猪和喜欢呆树上的 长鼻浣熊在它们的正常栖息地以北被摄像机捕捉到了。哈里斯说，这可能意味着全球变暖正在把它们的活动范围向北扩展)”可推知，动物的迁徙可以帮助科学家了解气候的变化。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题. 根据第五段“Also, the devices have become popular tools to help hunters look for animals. Some people argue that it is unfair to use the cameras that way. (此外，这种设备已经成为帮助猎人寻找动物的流行工具。有些人认为这样使用摄像机是不公平的)”可知，这些设备成为帮助猎人狩猎的工具，这很可能给野生动物带来潜在的威胁。故选B项。 【12题详解】 推理判断题. 根据第六段“Even with such problems, wild cameras are clearly an important scientific tool in researching wild animals.( 即使有这样的问题，野外摄像机显然是研究野生动物的重要科学工具)”可知，作者认为即使存在一些问题，但野外摄像机依然是研究野生动物的重要科学工具。由此推知，作者对野外摄像机持积极的、肯定的态度。故选B项。 D We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning. We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom is passive, and so is the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines. Conditioned (习惯) as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers. Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay (传闻) and rumor (谣言). Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed. That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping (打上标记) it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know. This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as a fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts. 13. According to the passage, ________ belongs to passive learning. A. doing a medical experiment B. solving a math problem C. visiting an exhibition D. doing scientific reasoning 14. The author mentions the game rumor to show that ________. A. a message may be changed when being passed on B. a message should be delivered in different ways C. people may have problems with their sense of hearing D. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor 15. What can we infer from the passage? A. Active learning is less important B. Passive learning may not be reliable C. Active learning occurs more frequently D. Passive learning is not found among scholars 16. Through the passage, the author intends mainly to ________. A. introduce the advantages of passive learning B. persuade us to adopt active learning C. explain why passive learning can be bad D. compare active learning and passive learning 【答案】13. C 14. A 15. B 16. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被动获得知识所存在的一个严重的问题——被告知的可能是谣言。并用现实生活中简单的事例加以说明。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段前两句“We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom is passive, and so is the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines.(我们被动地通过别人告诉我们来获取知识。大多数在教室里进行的学习是被动的，我们看电视、读报纸或杂志时的学习也是被动的)”可知，被动学习是指由别人告知所获得的知识。A、B、D都是主动学习。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Typically, the original message has changed.(通常，原始消息已经更改)”可推断，信息在传递时可能会改变，例证了第三段提出的论点“被动学习使我们接受被告知的事物，甚至有时是谣言”。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay (传闻) and rumor (谣言).(它使我们倾向于接受我们所听到的，即使它只是传闻和谣言)”及后文的例证可推断，被动学习可能不可靠。故选B。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据本文的第四至六段都是用来说明第三段“Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay (传闻) and rumor (谣言).(不幸的是，被动学习有一个严重的问题。它使我们倾向于接受我们所听到的，即使它只是传闻和谣言)”可推断，文章作者的目的主要想解释为什么被动学习是不好的。故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Live Your Life with Purpose No matter who you are or what you do, there is a purpose for life. A sense of purpose is an essential part of a happy life. ____17____ Here are three tips to follow if you want to do so. Learn to be self-aware. People tend to overestimate their strong points and ignore their weak points. ____18____ Be realistic and don’t be afraid to face your imperfections. When you know your personality you have better chances to figure out your purpose and stick to it. ____19____ That’s what really gives you the sense of purpose. What do you love to do most? If you still cannot give an answer to this question, you risk living a useless life. I’m strongly convinced that everybody should have something favorite to pursue in his life. Your enthusiasm makes your life worthwhile and meaningful. Make use of goal setting. Recognizing your goals isn’t enough; you should learn to set right goals. Your goals should always be accurate and realistic. Setting short-term and long-term goals can add meaning to your life. ____20____ It’s exactly your goals that make you get up earlier and work harder. It is natural that you will find it difficult to follow all the tips at once. ____21____ Regardless of your purpose, you should do your best to achieve it. A meaningful life will give you the feeling of fulfillment and satisfaction and you’ll feel happier every day. A. Stay inspired. B. Follow your passion. C. Therefore, you have to make great efforts to live your life with purpose. D. When you see the direction, it’s easier to stay motivated and determined. E. The real purpose of living lies beyond the responsibilities of your daily life. F. You can start with small steps and gradually make all the habits part of your life. G. However, if you want to find your life purpose, you should learn your true self first. 【答案】17. C 18. G 19. B 20. D 21. F 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何有目标地生活提出了几点建议。 【17题详解】 上文“A sense of purpose is an essential part of a happy life. (目标感是幸福生活的重要组成部分)”指出目标感在幸福生活中必不可少。C项“因此，你必须努力使你的生活有目的。”与前一句构成因果关系，承接上文，符合语境。且下一句中的“do so”指的就是C项中的“live your life with purpose”。故选C项。 18题详解】 本段首句“Learn to be self-aware. (要学会了解自己)”为本段主旨句，说的是要学会了解自己，故下文应该围绕该主题展开。上文“People tend to overestimate their strong points and ignore their weak points. (人们往往高估了自己的优点，而忽视了自己的缺点)”指出人们往往会忽视自己的弱项，然而要想有目的地生活，就得了解真实的自我。G项“然而，如果你想找到你的人生目标，你应该先了解你真正的自我。”符合文意，承接上文。且G项中的“learn your true self”与上文“Learn to be self-aware.”相呼应。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“I’m strongly convinced that everybody should have something favorite to pursue (我坚信，每个人的一生都应该有自己喜欢的追求)”以及“Your enthusiasm makes your life worthwhile and meaningful. (你的热情使你的生活有价值和意义)”可推知，本段主要建议读者做自己喜欢做的事情。B项“追随你所热爱的。”符合段意，引出下文。故选B项。 【20题详解】 上文“Setting short-term and long-term goals can add meaning to your life. (设定短期和长期目标可以为你的生活增添意义)”说明要设定目标，设空处承上启下，下文“It’s exactly your goals that make you get up earlier and work harder. (正是你的目标让你起得更早，工作更努力。)”指出了确定目标后你的变化。D项“当你看到方向，保持动力和决心就更容易。”说明了设定目标的意义，承上启下。故选D项。 【21题详解】 上文“It is natural that you will find it difficult to follow all the tips at once. (你会发现很难一下子遵循所有的提示是很自然的)”说明立刻听从上面提到的所有建议自然是件困难的事情，那就可以分步实施。F项“你可以从小处着手，慢慢地把所有的习惯变成你生活的一部分。”说明可以分步实施上文所述建议，承接上文。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In the past twenty-four hours I have been given two amazing opportunities for kindness. The first ____22____ yesterday. On my way home, I ____23____ a small dog running across the busy street. He ran into the neighbour, so I went off in ____24____ of him with the hope that I could ____25____ him with his owner. After a bit of a cat and mouse game, he ____26____ decided I was worthy of his ____27____ and came across close enough for me to grab him. From the microchip inside him, I learned he had ____28____ eight months ago from his owner who lived half an hour away. ____29____ I had some free time, I drove him back to his ____30____ . He and his human mommy were so glad to see one another. It gave me a good _____31_____ to end the year with. This morning my _____32_____ and I went to a friend's home to help her get things back in _____33_____.She was one of the unfortunate people whose home was recently destroyed by the tornado. She was _____34_____ than some of her neighbors, thankfully. Her interior walls weren't badly _____35_____, though one side of her house fell off and the roof was gone. Our _____36_____ today was to help her sort through the debris (废墟) and find anything possible _____37_____ valuable. My wife and I help move furniture and other things to storage while our children helped _____38_____ up the yard. We _____39_____ systematically and carefully and soon we got almost everything restored. What a wonderful and deeply _____40_____ way to begin the year! I'm hoping this sets the tone for even _____41_____ things to come! 22. A. arrived B. changed C. happened D. grew 23. A. spotted B. set C. kept D. imagined 24. A. control B. charge C. command D. search 25. A. share B. reunite C. provide D. comfort 26. A. suddenly B. quickly C. finally D. gradually 27. A. trust B. care C. support D. concern 28. A. learned B. heard C. came D. disappeared 29. A. Though B. As C. If D. After 30. A. owner B. friend C. shelter D. hometown 31. A. surprise B. deal C. smile D. excuse 32. A. family B. neighbors C. wife D. colleagues 33. A. security B. existence C. use D. order 34. A. poorer B. cleverer C. luckier D. braver 35. A. repaired B. decorated C. ignored D. damaged 36. A. idea B. job C. chance D. choice 37. A. still B. already C. almost D. even 38. A. pick B. clean C. take D. build 39. A. played B. studied C. planned D. worked 40. A. meaningful B. exciting C. hopeful D. unbelievable 41. A. easier B. safer C. greater D. worthier 【答案】22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. A 41. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在过去的二十四小时里作者得到了两次行善机会。第一件是让走失了八个月的小狗和它的主人团聚，另一件是与家人一起去帮助一个朋友，帮她把最近被龙卷风摧毁的家整理好。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一起在昨天发生。A. arrived到达；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. grew成长。根据上文“In the past twenty-four hours, I have been given two amazing opportunities for kindness.”可推知，此处表示第一次行善机会在昨天发生。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我回家的路上，我看见一只小狗跑过繁忙的街道。A. spotted看见；B. set设置；C. kept保持；D. imagined想象。根据下文“running across the busy street”可推知，此处表示作者看见小狗正跑过繁忙的街道。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它就在附近，所以我就去寻找它，希望能让它和主人团聚。A. control管理；B. charge收费；C. command命令；D. search搜寻。根据上文“I went off”以及下文“with his owner”可推知，作者是为了寻找小狗，短语“in search of”意为“寻找、搜寻”。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它就在附近，所以我就去寻找它，希望能让它和主人团聚。A. share分享；B. reunite重聚；C. provide提供；D. comfort安慰。根据上文“with the hope”以及下文“with his owner”可推知，这只小狗是走丢，所以此处表示作者希望让它和主人团聚。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在一番猫捉老鼠的游戏之后，它终于认定我值得它的信任，并靠得很近，让我抓住了它。A. suddenly突然地；B. quickly迅速地；C. finally最终；D. gradually逐步地。根据上文“After a bit of a cat and mouse game”以及下文“came across close”可推知，此处表示通过一番猫捉老鼠的游戏之后，小狗最后终于离作者近了一些。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一番猫捉老鼠的游戏之后，它终于认定我值得它的信任，并靠得很近，让我抓住了它。A. trust信任；B. care照料；C. support支持；D. concern关心。根据下文“and came across close enough for me to grab him”可推知，此处表示小狗信任了作者。故选A项。 28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从它体内的微芯片，我得知它八个月前从半小时路程之外的主人那里失踪。A. learned学习；B. heard听说；C. came到达；D. disappeared失踪。根据下文“eight months ago from his owner”可推知，此处表示小狗从主人那里失踪了八个月。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：因为我有一些空闲时间，我开车把它送回了它的主人那里。A. Though尽管；B. As因为；C. If如果；D. After在……之后。根据下文“I had some free time, I drove him back”可推知，是因为作者有一些空闲时间，才能开车把它送回去。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我有一些空闲时间，我开车把它送回了它的主人那里。A. owner主人；B. friend朋友；C. shelter避难所；D. hometown故乡。根据上文“from his owner who lived half an hour away”可推知，此处表示将小狗送回主人那里去。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给了我一个美好的微笑来结束这一年。A. surprise惊喜；B. deal交易；C. smile微笑；D. excuse借口。根据上文“good”以及下文“to end the year with”可推知，此处表示这次善举使作者十分高兴，所以是给了作者美好的微笑来结束这一年。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天早上，我和我的家人去了一个朋友家，帮她把东西整理好。A. family家属；B. neighbors邻居；C. wife妻子；D. colleagues同事。根据下文“My wife and I help move furniture and other things”可推知，此处表示作者和家人去帮忙。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天早上，我和我的家人去了一个朋友家，帮她把东西整理好。A. security安全；B. existence存在；C. use使用；D. order整理。根据下文“She was one of the unfortunate people whose home was recently destroyed by the tornado.”可推知，作者和家人是过来帮朋友整理好东西的。in order整齐，故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，她比她的一些邻居幸运。A. poorer更穷的；B. cleverer更聪明的；C. luckier更幸运的；D. braver更勇敢的。根据下文“thankfully”可推知，此处指作者的朋友比邻居们更幸运。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的内墙损坏得并不严重，尽管房子的一边掉了下来，屋顶也没了。A. repaired修理；B. decorated装饰；C. ignored照顾；D. damaged损坏。根据下文“though one side of her house fell off and the roof was gone”可推知，此处表示作者朋友家的内墙损坏得并不严重。故选D项。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们今天的工作是帮助她在废墟中寻找可能仍有价值的东西。A. idea想法；B. job工作；C. chance机会；D. choice选择。根据下文“was to help her sort through the debris and find anything possible”可推知，此处解释了作者今天需要帮朋友做的工作。故选B项。 【37题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们今天的工作是帮助她在废墟中寻找可能仍有价值的东西。A. still仍然；B. already已经；C. almost几乎；D. even甚至。根据上文“find anything possible”以及下文“valuable”可推知，此处表示寻找可能仍有价值的东西。故选A项。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子帮忙把家具和其他东西搬到仓库，孩子们帮忙打扫院子。A. pick拾取；B. clean打扫；C. take拿；D. build建立。根据上文“whose home was recently destroyed by the tornado”以及下文“the yard”可推知，此处表示打扫院子，短语“clean up”意为“打扫、清理”。故选B项。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们系统地、仔细地工作，很快我们就把几乎所有的东西都恢复了原样。A. played玩耍；B. studied学习；C. planned计划；D. worked工作。根据下文“and soon we got almost everything restored”可推知，此处表示作者以及家人系统地、仔细地工作，很快几乎就把所有的东西都恢复了原样。故选D项。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种多么美妙而又意义深远的方式来开始新的一年！A. meaningful有意义的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。根据上文“wonderful”以及下文“to begin the year”可推知，此处表示这是开始新的一年的一种美妙而有意义的方式。故选A项。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望这能为更伟大的事情定下基调！A. easier更容易的；B. safer更安全的；C. greater更好的、更棒的；D. worthier更值得的。通过上文“In the past twenty-four hours I have been given two amazing opportunities for kindness.”可推知，作者认为之前的两次善举很棒，所以希望将来做更伟大的事情。故选C项。 第二节 单词填空(共10题;每题1分，满分10分) 42. For those of you with a positive mind, opportunity lies in each c__________.(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】challenge##hallenge 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：对于那些心态积极的人来说，机会就在每一个挑战中。设空处使用名词作宾语，根据首字母和句意，此处表示“挑战”用challenge，空前的each表示“每个”即challenge应该用单数。故填challenge。 43. Put simply,p________is your natural ability that can be developed when you try hard enough. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】potential##otential 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：简而言之，潜能就是当你足够努力时发展培养的天生的能力。根据单词首字母及句意“潜能”以及空格后的be动词可知，该空格处应填写名词，作主语。故填potential。 44. It can be a big headache to ______ (平衡)your developing mental needs too. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】balance 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：平衡你不断发展的心理需求也是件令人头疼的事情。根据词义提示和对句意的分析可知，此处使用动词balance，it为形式主语，代替动词不定式，故填balance。 45. Another aspect I a________ great importance to is visual special affects. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】attach##ttach 【解析】 【详解】考查一般现在时。句意：我非常重视的另一个方面是视觉特效。该句在描述一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时，再根据首字母，可知动词attach“系上，附上”符合题意。固定搭配：attach great importance to“重视”。故答案为attach。 46. All in all, I highly r__________ this film. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】recommend##ecommend 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：总而言之，我高度推荐这部电影。根据句意“推荐”和首字母提示，空处应填动词recommend，空前I是主语，所以空处在句中作谓语，结合句意，此处陈述客观事实，所以时态用一般现在时，故填recommend。 47. Working out can help you reduce stress and get over n__________ feelings. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】negative##egative 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：锻炼可以帮助你减轻压力，克服负面情绪。设空处使用形容词作定语，根据前文的stress可知，此处表示“克服负面情绪”，表示“负面的”用negative。故填negative。 48. The forest's different levels support an unbelievable v________ of wildlife. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】variety 【解析】 【详解】考查名词和固定搭配。句意：森林的不同层次供养着令人难以置信的各种野生动物。根据“The forest's different levels”和首字母v可知，此处应用固定搭配a variety of表示“各种各样的”。此处用名词variety作宾语。故填variety。 49. It immediately o__________ to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】occurred##ccurred 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她立刻意识到这是海啸即将来临的征兆。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据后文的were可知，句子使用一般过去时。根据句意，it occured to sb that...为固定句型，意为“让某人想到的是……”。故填occurred。 50. After a roll call __________ (证实) that all were safe and sound, they relaxed. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】confirmed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据后文的were可知句子使用一般过去时。表示“证实”用confirm。故填confirmed。 51. The remains of their beautiful city survive to __________ (提醒) us that human lives burn bright and short. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】remind 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他们美丽城市的遗迹幸存下来，提醒我们人类的生命是光明而短暂的。根据汉语提示和空格前的to可知，空格处应该填入一个动词原形，且意义为“提醒”，应该用动词remind。故填remind。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共10题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More and more children are suffering from eco-anxiety, which is ___52___problem that causes people to worry a lot about the future of Earth and the life on it. They worry about climate change,___53___(pollute) and the loss of biodiversity. This has urged education experts ___54___(call) for more teaching in schools about climate change, wildlife and the environment. So necessary is knowledge of them nowadays ___55___experts believe it should be taught to all year groups. The Teach the Future campaign finds that only one in four schoolchildren___56___(feel) they know enough about the climate crisis. It says this is leading to move children___57___ (struggle) with eco-anxiety and worrying about the planet. A conservation organization, Earth Rangers,___58___(take) action to address the problem of eco-anxiety since it noticed that. It says, Eco-anxiety does have a big effect___59___children in many ways. This includes feelings of fear and hopelessness. It is___60___(importance) to research and understand the ways in which we can help children deal with these feelings ___61___(effective). In the meanwhile, schools should create conservation activities and help children teach their parents how to protect nature. 【答案】52. a 53. pollution 54. to call 55. that 56. feels 57. struggling 58. has taken 59. on 60. important 61. effectively 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。越来越多孩子被生态焦虑所困扰，他们对气候变化、污染及生物多样性的丧失等问题感到担心。 【52题详解】 考查冠词。句意：越来越多的孩子患有生态焦虑症，这是一个让人们对地球的未来和地球上的生命感到担忧的问题。此处表示泛指，且空后名词“problem”以辅音音素开头。故填a。 【53题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们担心气候变化、污染和生物多样性的丧失。空处应为名词与“climate change”和“the loss of biodiversity”并列作介词“about”的宾语。故填pollution。 54题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这促使教育专家呼吁在学校开展更多关于气候变化、野生动物和环境的教学。固定搭配urge sb. to do sth.“敦促某人做某事”。故填to call。 【55题详解】 考查连词。句意：如今，这些知识是如此必要，以至于专家们认为应该向所有年级的学生教授这些知识。分析句子成分可知，本句运用了句型so...that...“如此……以至于……”。故填that。 【56题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：“教育未来”运动发现，只有四分之一的小学生认为他们对气候危机了解得足够多。分析句子成分可知，空处应为本句的谓语动词。照应主句谓语动词“finds”的时态，从句也应为一般现在时。且主语为“one+in+基数词+名词”时，谓语用单数。故填feels。 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该组织表示，这导致许多儿童在生态焦虑和对地球的担忧中挣扎。分析句子成分可知，此处考查动名词的复合结构，lead to sb. doing sth.“致使某人做某事”。故填struggling。 【58题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：环保组织“地球护林员”注意到这一点后，就开始采取行动解决生态焦虑问题。分析句子成分可知，空处应为谓语动词。照应主语“A conservation organization”以及时间状语从句“since it noticed that”可知为现在完成时应，并且用第三人称单数，。故填has taken。 【59题详解】 考查介词。句意：报告称，生态焦虑在很多方面对儿童都有很大影响。固定搭配have an effect on“对……有影响”。故填on。 【60题详解】 考查形容词。句意：研究和了解帮助孩子有效处理这些情绪的方法是很重要的。空前为be动词“is”，故空处应为形容词作表语。故填important。 【61题详解】 考查副词。句意：研究和了解帮助孩子有效处理这些情绪的方法是很重要的。应用副词修饰动词短语“deal with”。故填effectively。 第二节 应用文写作(满分25分) 62. 假设你是李华，你在美国夏令营认识的朋友Mike给你来信说他最近沉迷于电脑难以控制。请你给他回一封信，告诉他网瘾可能会导致成绩下降、健康状况恶化、损害家庭关系等问题，并提出一些建议。 注意: 1. 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出, 但不计入总词数）； 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 参考词汇: 沉溺于be/become addicted to 网瘾Internet addiction Dear Mike, I am glad to hear from you. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文 Dear Mike, I am glad to hear from you. I feel worried to know that you play computer games too often and waste lots of time. It is not unusual for teenagers to be addicted to the online world. But spending too much time online is unhealthy. For example, your grades may go down and your health will be affected. And internet addiction can also damage the relationship with your family. So I think it is high time that you got rid of the bad habit. Why not read some meaningful books and do some physical exercise. I am looking forward to hearing your good news soon. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给朋友Mike写封信，告诉他网瘾可能会导致成绩下降、健康状况恶化、损害家庭关系等问题，并提出一些建议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 影响：affect→influence 破坏：damage→spoil 戒除：got rid of→give up 2. 句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：But spending too much time online is unhealthy. For example, your grades may go down and your health will be affected. 拓展句：But spending too much time online is unhealthy, which means your grades may go down and your health will be affected. 【点睛】[高分句型1]I feel worried to know that you play computer games too often and waste lots of time. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] So I think it is high time that you got rid of the bad habit.(运用了虚拟语气) 1-5 BBABC 6-10 BCCAA 11-15 BCAAC 16-20 BBCBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2022马鞍山二中高二第一学期开学素质测试英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。 1．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a bookstore. B．In a restaurant. C．In a supermarket. 2．What is the man’ s grandfather doing? A．Watching TV. B．Watering the flowers. C．Cleaning his room. 3．How will the woman go to the theater? A．On foot. B．By car. C．By bus. 4．What are the speakers talking about? A．The weather. B．The clothes. C．The feelings. 5．When will the meeting start? A．At 8:15. B．At 8:30. C．At 8:45. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What relation is the woman to Mr. Perry probably? A．His wife. B．His secretary. C．His boss. 7．Why did Mr. Watson make the call? A．To cancel a meeting. B．To ask Mr. Perry to dinner. C．To change the time of the meeting. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What did the man do at the sports center yesterday? A．He ran on a track. B．He took a diving lesson. C．He did a workout in the gym. 9．What is the woman’ s attitude towards the sports center? A．Interested. B．Doubtful. C．Dissatisfied. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What does the woman need a picture for? A．A passport. B．An examination. C．A driver’s license. 11．What does the man suggest the woman do? A．Tie her hair back. B．Keep her glasses on. C．Change her dress. 12．Where will the woman probably go next? A．A post office. B．A shopping center. C．A library. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．How does the woman get her knowledge of the Ice Age? A．By reading an article. B．By listening to a lecture. C．By watching a documentary. 14．What did the man say about Ice Age people? A．They lived in caves. B．They had a talent for music. C．They had an advanced language. 15．How did people in the early Ice Age keep warm according to the woman? A．They wore clothing made of animal skins. B．They kept fires burning day and night. C．They built their houses facing south. 16．What does the man want the woman to do? A．Meet his classmates. B．Help him with homework. C．Give a presentation on the Ice Age. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What can students borrow from the center? A．Master copies. B．Grammar books. C．Magazines. 18．What do students need to borrow materials at the center? A．A student card. B．An ID card. C．An ILC card. 19．When can students borrow materials? A．On Wednesdays. B．On Fridays. C．On Saturdays. 20．What will the speaker talk about next? A．Types of language classes. B．Extra services for students. C．Rules at the center. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We all have a favorite independent pet shop, where we always pick up the tastiest treats and best dog toys. And now, it’s time to praise these small shops! This year, Beco, the UK’s leading pet brand, is launching the Independent Pet Shop Awards to champion the brilliant people who work tirelessly managing the independent pet shops we love. Beco will ask people to nominate(提名)their favorite independent pet shop. People who want to participate just need to register on www. becopets. com and answer a question. To motivate people to take part in the activity, Beco is giving away a dog basket worth £ 150 to five fortunate participants- The five lucky people will be selected at random. They will be contacted via email- They have 48 hours from the initial email to claim their prizes. Nominations are now open on www. becopets. com. Judges will visit the nominees before selecting one of them as the UK’s Favorite Independent Pet Shop. The final winner will be announced on November 20. •This activity is open to anyone who is a citizen of the United Kingdom. •Participants must be 18 or over. •Entry to the activity is restricted to one entry per person please. •Closing date for entries is 11: 59 pm on November 7. 1. Why is the Independent Pet Shop Awards started? A. To appeal for more attention to pets. B. To inform people of a famous pet brand. C. To promote the business of some pet shops. D. To honor some hardworking pet shop owners. 2. What will be awarded to the five lucky participants? A. 150 pounds. B. A pet basket. C. A pet dog. D. Free pet care. 3. Which of the following will result in disqualification ? A. Being a UK citizen. B. Being 19 years old. C. Submitting two entries. D. Participating online. B Creativity Improves Your Health Creativity helps us create works of beauty, solve problems, and refresh our bodies and our minds. Studies show that engaging in creative behaviors improves brain function, mental health and physical health. You’ve probably heard of flow — it’s the state you get in when you’re completely absorbed in something. Have you ever been working on a project and completely lost all sense of self and time? That’s flow. It reduces anxiety, boosts your mood, and even slows your heart rate. But it’s not just being in flow that makes you happy. Repetitive creative motions like knitting, drawing, or writing help activate flow, and are all tasks that create a result. When you succeed in creating a result, your brain is flooded with dopamine, a natural anti-depressant that actually helps motivate you, whether or not you’re aware of your increased happiness. Creativity reduces anxiety, depression and stress. Studies have found that writing helps people manage their negative emotions in a productive way, and painting or drawing helps people express their mental injury or hurtful experiences that they find too difficult to put into words. A creative act such as crafting can help focus the mind, and has even been compared to meditation (冥想) due to its calming effects on the brain and body. What’s more, studies show people who write about their experiences daily actually have stronger immune system function. Writing, a creative work, increases your CD4+ lymphocyte (淋巴球) count, the key to your immune system. Playing music can also function well in your immune system. Our left brain is responsible for the motor functions, while our right brain focuses on melody. When the two parts work together, our cognitive (认知) function improves. It’s pretty amazing that doing the activities is good for us. Get a pen and start writing or coloring. Get your hands dirty with pottery or gardening or pick up an instrument. Whatever you decide to do, it’s time to start getting creative! 4. Which situation shows that you are in flow? A. You are absorbed in a work that interests you. B. You are having a boring repetitive action. C. You get lost and don’t know where to go. D. You are working with a difficult task. The underlined word “dopamine” in Paragraph 3 is probably _____5_____. A. an awareness of how to be successful B. a thought having calming effects on the brain C. a material for the functioning of the nervous system D. an activity to fight against your negative emotions 7. What can we learn from the passage? A. Repetitive actions can cure patients with mental diseases. B Telling others your hurtful experiences helps improve your health. C. Meditation makes your anxiety, depression and stress disappear. D. Creative activities help you build a stronger immune system 8. Where is this text probably taken from? A A novel on science. B. A magazine on health. C. A newspaper on technology. D. A website on psychology. C Have you ever wondered what wild animals do when no one is watching? Low cost, dependable and small modern cameras offered a big help. Cameras placed in hard-to-reach places have shot everything from small desert cats to larger snow-loving feline in the northern Rocky Mountains. Scientists have been able to document the “private” moments of wildlife with leading technology. Grant harries is a government biologist with the United States Fish and Wildlife Service in Albuquerque, New Mexico. In his words, “there's no doubt that these wild cameras are important tools to learn new information on wildlife.” Harries said some images help scientists see the effects of climate change. For example the desert animal javelina and the tree-loving coatimundi have been caught on cameras north of their normal habitat. Harries said this could mean global warming is expanding their range northward. Researchers with the Wyoming Migration Initiative, or WMI, are among those using wild cameras along with global positioning systems, or gaps. They attach GPS devices to elf, mule deer and antelope in and around Yellow stone National Park. Then they can record their migrations. But WMI director Matt hew Kauffman says as those devices are limited, so is the amount of information they can gather from gaps. However, cameras can be left in very wild areas for days, weeks or even months. They can provide information on how many animals are moving over a given period of time. Putting those cameras in place required careful planning. Wild video can show details about animal behavior. However, wild cameras have their problems too. Animals such as wolverines and bears sometimes attack them. Scientists do not know if the attacks are the result of anger or interest. Also, the devices have become popular tools to help hunters look for animals. Some people argue that it is unfair to use the cameras that way. Even with such problems, wild cameras are clearly an important scientific tool in researching wild animals. 9. What does the underlined word “document” mean? A. Remind. B. Enrich. C. Appreciate. D. Record. 10. Which of the following helps scientists know about climate change? A Where animals go. B. What animals eat. C. How active animals are. D. When animals move. 11. Why do some people argue against the cameras? A. It is difficult to fix the cameras. B. They might bring threats to animals. C. It is hard to achieve careful planning. D. They make animals angry. 12. What is the author's attitude towards wild cameras? A. Objective. B. Positive. C. Uncertain. D. Uncaring. D We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning. We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom is passive, and so is the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines. Conditioned (习惯) as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers. Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay (传闻) and rumor (谣言). Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed. That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping (打上标记) it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know. This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be restated as a fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts. 13. According to the passage, ________ belongs to passive learning. A. doing a medical experiment B. solving a math problem C. visiting an exhibition D. doing scientific reasoning 14. The author mentions the game rumor to show that ________. A. a message may be changed when being passed on B. a message should be delivered in different ways C. people may have problems with their sense of hearing D. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor 15. What can we infer from the passage? A. Active learning is less important B. Passive learning may not be reliable C. Active learning occurs more frequently D. Passive learning is not found among scholars 16. Through the passage, the author intends mainly to ________. A. introduce the advantages of passive learning B. persuade us to adopt active learning C. explain why passive learning can be bad D. compare active learning and passive learning 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Live Your Life with Purpose No matter who you are or what you do, there is a purpose for life. A sense of purpose is an essential part of a happy life. ____17____ Here are three tips to follow if you want to do so. Learn to be self-aware. People tend to overestimate their strong points and ignore their weak points. ____18____ Be realistic and don’t be afraid to face your imperfections. When you know your personality you have better chances to figure out your purpose and stick to it. ____19____ That’s what really gives you the sense of purpose. What do you love to do most? If you still cannot give an answer to this question, you risk living a useless life. I’m strongly convinced that everybody should have something favorite to pursue in his life. Your enthusiasm makes your life worthwhile and meaningful. Make use of goal setting. Recognizing your goals isn’t enough; you should learn to set right goals. Your goals should always be accurate and realistic. Setting short-term and long-term goals can add meaning to your life. ____20____ It’s exactly your goals that make you get up earlier and work harder. It is natural that you will find it difficult to follow all the tips at once. ____21____ Regardless of your purpose, you should do your best to achieve it. A meaningful life will give you the feeling of fulfillment and satisfaction and you’ll feel happier every day. A. Stay inspired. B. Follow your passion. C. Therefore, you have to make great efforts to live your life with purpose. D. When you see the direction, it’s easier to stay motivated and determined. E. The real purpose of living lies beyond the responsibilities of your daily life. F. You can start with small steps and gradually make all the habits part of your life. G. However, if you want to find your life purpose, you should learn your true self first. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In the past twenty-four hours I have been given two amazing opportunities for kindness. The first ____22____ yesterday. On my way home, I ____23____ a small dog running across the busy street. He ran into the neighbour, so I went off in ____24____ of him with the hope that I could ____25____ him with his owner. After a bit of a cat and mouse game, he ____26____ decided I was worthy of his ____27____ and came across close enough for me to grab him. From the microchip inside him, I learned he had ____28____ eight months ago from his owner who lived half an hour away. ____29____ I had some free time, I drove him back to his ____30____ . He and his human mommy were so glad to see one another. It gave me a good _____31_____ to end the year with. This morning my _____32_____ and I went to a friend's home to help her get things back in _____33_____.She was one of the unfortunate people whose home was recently destroyed by the tornado. She was _____34_____ than some of her neighbors, thankfully. Her interior walls weren't badly _____35_____, though one side of her house fell off and the roof was gone. Our _____36_____ today was to help her sort through the debris (废墟) and find anything possible _____37_____ valuable. My wife and I help move furniture and other things to storage while our children helped _____38_____ up the yard. We _____39_____ systematically and carefully and soon we got almost everything restored. What a wonderful and deeply _____40_____ way to begin the year! I'm hoping this sets the tone for even _____41_____ things to come! 22. A. arrived B. changed C. happened D. grew 23. A. spotted B. set C. kept D. imagined 24. A. control B. charge C. command D. search 25. A. share B. reunite C. provide D. comfort 26. A. suddenly B. quickly C. finally D. gradually 27. A. trust B. care C. support D. concern 28 A. learned B. heard C. came D. disappeared 29. A. Though B. As C. If D. After 30. A. owner B. friend C. shelter D. hometown 31. A. surprise B. deal C. smile D. excuse 32. A. family B. neighbors C. wife D. colleagues 33. A. security B. existence C. use D. order 34. A. poorer B. cleverer C. luckier D. braver 35. A. repaired B. decorated C. ignored D. damaged 36. A. idea B. job C. chance D. choice 37. A. still B. already C. almost D. even 38. A. pick B. clean C. take D. build 39. A. played B. studied C. planned D. worked 40. A. meaningful B. exciting C. hopeful D. unbelievable 41. A. easier B. safer C. greater D. worthier 第二节 单词填空(共10题;每题1分，满分10分) 42. For those of you with a positive mind, opportunity lies in each c__________.(根据首字母单词拼写) 43. Put simply,p________is your natural ability that can be developed when you try hard enough. （根据首字母单词拼写） 44. It can be a big headache to ______ (平衡)your developing mental needs too. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 45. Another aspect I a________ great importance to is visual special affects. (根据首字母单词拼写) 46. All in all, I highly r__________ this film. (根据首字母单词拼写) 47. Working out can help you reduce stress and get over n__________ feelings. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. The forest's different levels support an unbelievable v________ of wildlife. （根据首字母单词拼写） 49. It immediately o__________ to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. After a roll call __________ (证实) that all were safe and sound, they relaxed. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. The remains of their beautiful city survive to __________ (提醒) us that human lives burn bright and short. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共10题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 More and more children are suffering from eco-anxiety, which is ___52___problem that causes people to worry a lot about the future of Earth and the life on it. They worry about climate change,___53___(pollute) and the loss of biodiversity. This has urged education experts ___54___(call) for more teaching in schools about climate change, wildlife and the environment. So necessary is knowledge of them nowadays ___55___experts believe it should be taught to all year groups. The Teach the Future campaign finds that only one in four schoolchildren___56___(feel) they know enough about the climate crisis. It says this is leading to move children___57___ (struggle) with eco-anxiety and worrying about the planet. A conservation organization, Earth Rangers,___58___(take) action to address the problem of eco-anxiety since it noticed that. It says, Eco-anxiety does have a big effect___59___children in many ways. This includes feelings of fear and hopelessness. It is___60___(importance) to research and understand the ways in which we can help children deal with these feelings ___61___(effective). In the meanwhile, schools should create conservation activities and help children teach their parents how to protect nature. 第二节 应用文写作(满分25分) 62. 假设你是李华，你在美国夏令营认识的朋友Mike给你来信说他最近沉迷于电脑难以控制。请你给他回一封信，告诉他网瘾可能会导致成绩下降、健康状况恶化、损害家庭关系等问题，并提出一些建议。 注意: 1. 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出, 但不计入总词数）； 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 参考词汇: 沉溺于be/become addicted to 网瘾Internet addiction Dear Mike, I am glad to hear from you. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1-5 BBABC 6-10 BCCAA 11-15 BCAAC 16-20 BBCBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$