UNIT 5 Education Section Ⅵ Writing Workshop to Check Your Progress(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A When school closes, poor pupils lose the last social institution—one that educates, feeds, and sometimes clothes them—whereas richer pupils are gaining relatively more advantages.Disruptions to schooling tend to lower achievements while increasing inequality. A new industry of “Learning Pods”， where a group of families pool cash to pay for an in­person tutor, is deepening that inequality.Scoot Education, whose normal business is providing substitute teachers for schools, quickly developed a sideline in learning pods in California.For younger pupils, the total cost of a pod, shared among all parents, is $349 a day, which is beyond what a poor family can afford.“Rich families can always find a way to educate their children, even if pandemic had not started.” says Sarah Cohodes, a professor at Teachers College, Columbia University. Thus, if there would be no extraordinary interventions in the closing of schools, the long­term effects on those poor students are predictable. A team of five education scholars recently calculated that American schoolchildren in 2020 learnt 30% less reading and 50% less maths than they would in a typical year.Despite that, the top third of pupils posted gains in reading.Data from Opportunity Insights, an economic­research team at Harvard University, shows that after lockdowns began in March pupils from low­income neighbourhoods fell permanently behind on online maths coursework, while those from richer areas quickly rebounded. Then there is the problem of access to online classes.Nearly half of native American pupils and 35% of black and Hispanic ones do not have access to either a computer or the Internet at home, compared with 19%of whites.Worsening mental health among poorer families will also hurt achievements.Elizabeth Ananat of Barnard College and Anna Gassman­Pines of Duke University surveyed part­time workers in Philadelphia who had young children; half were showing their anxiety or depression for children's schooling. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中断的学校教育导致了教育不平等问题加剧的现象。文中指出一种名为“学习舱”的新行业正在加剧这种不平等，调查发现富裕地区和贫困地区教育的不平等不仅体现在学习内容的多少上，还体现在在线课程的使用上。 1．What do we know about Learning Pods? A．It was started as its key business by Scoot Education. B．Families can afford this teaching model with $349 a day. C．It is a long­existing method to find an in­person tutor. D．It worsens educational inequality to some extent. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，在学习舱中，数个家庭共同筹集资金，请一名私人家教。根据“is deepening that inequality”可知，学习舱这个新行业在某种程度上正在加剧教育的不平等。 2．What does the underlined word “rebounded” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Learnt maths in advance. B．Performed poorly in maths. C．Gained improvement in maths. D．Showed permanent love of maths. 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文的介绍可知，哈佛大学一团队的研究数据显示，自2020年3月实行封锁以来，来自低收入社区的学生在在线数学课程上一直落后于其他学生，表示转折的提示词while说明富裕地区和低收入社区的学生情况正好相反，由此可以推断，画线词义为“反弹；回升”，此处指在数学课程上“获得进步”。 3．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Effects of educational inequality. B．Psychological problems of the pupils. C．Opportunities to use online resources. D．Low academic achievements of the poor. 解析：A　段落大意题。第五段首先介绍了网络课程的使用问题。文章提及近一半的美国原住居民学生、35%的黑人和西班牙裔学生无法使用电脑或无法上网，而白人学生的这一比例仅为19%；此外，文章还提及贫困家庭中不断恶化的心理健康状况也会影响成绩；同时介绍了调查显示，费城一半的有年幼子女的兼职工作者会对孩子的上学问题感到焦虑或抑郁。综上所述，第五段的主要内容是教育不平等所带来的影响。 4．Where is the text probably selected from? A．A health magazine. B．An educational report. C．A science textbook. D．A learning guide. 解析：B　文章出处题。文章主要说明了学校关闭导致了教育不平等问题加剧的现象，并从多个角度剖析此问题，指出教育的不平等不仅体现在学习内容的多少上，还体现在在线课程的使用上。因此本文最有可能选自一份教育报告。 B (2023－2024学年常德一中阶段练习)Teenagers whose non­cognitive (非认知的) skills are poorly developed are more likely to suffer from health problems later in life, according to a new research by a group of experts from the University of Manchester. Rose Atkins of that university, along with her colleagues set out to investigate non­cognitive skills as they are one of the least explored determining factors of health and well­being, despite the fact that evidence surrounding their importance is growing quickly. These skills are conscientiousness (尽责性), which tells how hardworking, careful and stubborn an adolescent is, and neuroticism (神经质), which shows how worried, unhappy and fearful an adolescent is. The researchers used data on a group of individuals who were followed throughout their life and carried out statistical analysis to study the relationship between adolescent non­cognitive skills and later­life health.The non­cognitive skills were reported by teachers, based on the behavior of students at age 16. The study found that individuals whose adolescent conscientiousness is higher deal with stress in adulthood better, and are at a lower risk of some diseases.And individuals whose adolescent neuroticism is higher have a poorer, health related quality of life in adulthood and are at a greater risk of some diseases. The researchers conclude that policies to improve adolescent conscientiousness and reduce adolescent neuroticism would offer the most long­term health benefits to those with the poorest health, “There is a growing body of evidence that suggests school­based interventions to improve non­cognitive skills can have lasting positive effects on important life outcomes，” said Rose.“Extra­curricular activities and work experience have also been shown to improve these skills.Having a greater focus on the improvement of non­cognitive skills at both primary and secondary school levels would be a positive policy decision, However, these skills are also determined by factors like family income, parental education, and parental investment.Therefore, more complex public policy is needed to reduce social inequality.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是青少年的非认知能力会影响他们后期的身体健康。 5．What can be inferred about non­cognitive skills? A．They can fall into three categories. B．They are mainly developed in childhood. C．Their importance has been totally ignored. D．Their impact on health doesn't get enough attention. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段的“Rose Atkins of that university, along with her colleagues set out to investigate non­cognitive skills as they are one of the least explored determining factors of health and well­being, despite the fact that evidence surrounding their importance is growing quickly.(该大学的Rose Atkins和她的同事们开始调查非认知能力，因为它们是对健康和幸福的决定因素中探索最少的因素之一，尽管有关它们重要性的证据正在迅速增加)”可推知，非认知能力对健康的影响没有得到足够的重视。故选D。 6．How did the researchers do their research? A．They carried out a large survey. B．They collected data from individuals. C．They followed 16­year­old individuals. D．They compared data from other research. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段的“The researchers used data on a group of individuals who were followed throughout their life and carried out statistical analysis to study the relationship between adolescent non­cognitive skills and later­life health.(研究人员使用了一组人的数据，这些人一生都在接受跟踪调查，并进行了统计分析，以研究青少年非认知能力与晚年健康之间的关系)”可知，研究人员从个人那里收集数据来进行研究，故选B。 7．What do the researchers think their findings suggest? A．Improving teens' non­cognitive skills isn't that challenging. B．Schools should reduce the time for extra­curricular activities. C．Measures should be taken to improve teens' non­cognitive skills. D．Social inequality is the major cause of poor non­cognitive skills. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Having a greater focus on the improvement of non­cognitive skills at both primary and secondary school levels would be a positive policy decision, However, these skills are also determined by factors like family income, parental education, and parental investment.(在小学和中学阶段更加关注非认知能力的提高将是一个积极的政策决定，然而，这些能力也由家庭收入、父母教育和父母投资等因素决定)”可知，研究人员认为他们的发现说明应该采取措施提高青少年的非认知能力。故选C。 8．What is the main idea of the text? A．Teens' health in later life can be predicted. B．Teachers can improve students' non­cognitive skills. C．The importance of non­cognitive skills is being recognized. D．Non­cognitive skills in adolescents affect their health in later life. 解析：D　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Teenagers whose non­cognitive skills are poorly developed are more likely to suffer from health problems later in life, according to a new research by a group of experts from the University of Manchester.(曼彻斯特大学的一组专家进行的一项新研究表明，非认知能力发育不良的青少年在以后的生活中更容易出现健康问题)”可知，本文主要讲的是青少年的非认知能力会影响他们以后的健康。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2023－2024学年兰州五十五中阶段练习)My son Nile has left for university.Even Mother seldom 1 now that her grandchild is no longer around.My home has become so 2 in less than one month. As a concerned mother who had little to do, I 3 Nile whenever I could.At first it was through emails.Occasionally I 4 the page of the university to learn about Nile's campus life, and was filled with 5 to see his greetings: “Hi, Mum! So you're on the net as well！” Since then I've been visiting the website regularly hoping to 6 my child. Recently, our communicating way had another 7 .Nile sent me all kinds of articles through instant messaging: novel, modern, funny...I read them 8 ， like a well­behaved pupil.Meanwhile, I had 9 feelings about that.The kid was 10 to learn something from me not that long ago, but he now becomes my teacher! After 11 ， I responded with the following email: “Thank you, my son, for all interesting articles, though I feel confused about the change of our 12 .Despite that, I'll take it as a loving son's 13 of his mother.He must be thinking his mother is still young and 14 enough to accept new things.That makes me feel proud.” Now in this way we share ideas, with the instant messages 15 each other. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的儿子去上大学了，作者思念儿子，想尽方法与儿子联系，儿子也通过即时通讯给作者发送文章，让作者阅读，这让作者发现不知不觉中，儿子长大了，成为了她的老师。 1．A.cares　　　　　　 B．leaves C．works D．appears 解析：D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是母亲也很少出现，因为她的孙子已经不在身边了。care关心；leave离开；work工作；appear出现。根据句中“her grandchild is no longer around”可知，我的儿子去上大学了，不在家，由此可知，我的母亲也很少出现在我家了。故选D。 2．A.distant B．quiet C．dirty D．warm 解析：B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的家在不到一个月的时间里变得如此安静。distant遥远的；quiet安静的；dirty肮脏的；warm温暖的。根据上文“My son Nile has left for university.”和“Even Mother seldom 1 ”可知，我的儿子去上大学了，不在家，我的母亲也很少出现在我家了，由此可知，我家变得很安静。故选B。 3．A.contacted B．visited C．helped D．missed 解析：A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个无计可施的忧心忡忡的母亲，我尽可能联系尼罗。contact联系；visit参观；help帮助；miss错过。根据下文“At first it was through emails.”可知，我会给儿子写邮件，由此可知，我在尽可能联系儿子。故选A。 4．A.turned down B．spoke of C．looked through D．checked on 解析：C　考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：偶尔，我浏览大学的网页，了解尼罗的校园生活，看到他的问候：“嗨，妈妈！你也在网上！”我感到非常惊讶。turn down拒绝；speak of讲起，谈到；look through浏览；check on检查。根据句中“to learn about Nile's campus life”可知，为了了解尼罗的校园生活，我应该是浏览大学的网页。故选C。 5．A.curiosity B．surprise C．admiration D．satisfaction 解析：B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：偶尔，我浏览大学的网页，了解尼罗的校园生活，看到他的问候：“嗨，妈妈！你也在网上！”我感到非常惊讶。curiosity好奇心；surprise惊讶；admiration羡慕；satisfaction满足。根据句中“Hi, Mum! So you're on the net as well！”可知，我没想到会在网上看到儿子的问候，由此可知，我感到非常惊讶。故选B。 6．A.encourage B．impress C．encounter D．monitor 解析：C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我一直定期访问该网站，希望能遇到我的孩子。encourage鼓励；impress给……留下深刻印象；encounter遇到；monitor监视。根据上文“As a concerned mother who had little to do, I 3 Nile whenever I could.”可知，我想和儿子取得联系，了解他的生活，由此可知，我定期访问该网站是为了遇到我的孩子。故选C。 7．A.breakthrough B．shift C．meaning D．result 解析：B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，我们的沟通方式又发生了转变。breakthrough突破；shift转变；meaning意义；result后果。根据下文“Nile sent me all kinds of articles through instant messaging”可知，以前我和儿子通过邮件联系，通过网站联系，现在他通过即时通讯给我发各种各样的文章，由此可知，我们的沟通方式又发生了转变。故选B。 8．A.objectively B．privately C．carefully D．repeatedly 解析：C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：尼罗通过即时通讯给我发了各种各样的文章：新颖、现代、有趣……我认真地读着，就像一个表现良好的学生。objectively客观地；privately私下地；carefully认真地；repeatedly重复地。根据句中“like a well­behaved pupil”可知，我像一个表现良好的学生一样，很认真地读文章。故选C。 9．A.strong B．wonderful C．familiar D．mixed 解析：D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我对此百感交集。strong强壮的；wonderful精彩的；familiar熟悉的；mixed混杂的。根据下文“The kid was 10 to learn something from me not that long ago, but he now becomes my teacher！”可知，孩子现在是我的老师，我既高兴，又沮丧，由此可知，我有着复杂的感觉，百感交集。故选D。 10．A.supposed B．believed C．noticed D．allowed 解析：A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久前，这个孩子本应该向我学习一些东西，但现在他成了我的老师！suppose认为，假设；believe相信；notice注意到；allow允许。根据句中转折连词“but”可知，上下文为转折关系，孩子本应该向我学习一些东西，但却成了我的老师，“be supposed to do sth”意为“应该做某事”。故选A。 11．A.negotiating B．considering C．sharing D．agreeing 解析：B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过考虑，我回复了以下电子邮件。negotiate谈判；consider考虑；share分享；agreee同意。根据上文“Meanwhile, I had 9 feelings about that.”可知，对儿子的做法，我百感交集，由此可知，我经过考虑，我做出了回复。故选B。 12．A.hobbies B．goals C．attitudes D．roles 解析：D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你，我的儿子，给我所有有趣的文章，尽管我对我们角色的转变感到困惑。hobby业余爱好；goal目标；attitude态度；role角色。根据上文“The kid was 10 to learn something from me not that long ago, but he now becomes my teacher！”可知，以前我是儿子的老师，现在儿子是我的老师，由此可知，我们的角色发生了转变。故选D。 13．A.description B．instruction C．expectation D．introduction 解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是会把它看作是一个充满爱的儿子对母亲的期望。description描述；instruction指令；expectation期望；introduction介绍。根据下文“He must be thinking his mother is still young and 14 enough to accept new things.”可知，儿子认为他的母亲还年轻，可以接受新事物，由此可知，儿子对母亲充满期望。故选C。 14．A.flexible B．energetic C．knowledgeable D．confident 解析：A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他一定认为他的母亲还年轻，足够灵活，可以接受新事物。flexible灵活的；energetic精力充沛的；knowledgeable博学的；confident自信的。根据句中“accept new things”可知，儿子认为他的母亲可以接受新事物，由此可知，儿子认为母亲思想足够灵活。故选A。 15．A.persuading B．freeing C．reminding D．comforting 解析：D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我们通过这种方式分享想法，用即时信息互相安慰。persuade劝说；free释放；remind提醒；comfort安慰。根据上文“As a concerned mother who had little to do, I 3 Nile whenever I could.”可知，我思念儿子，儿子也会给我发信息，由此可知，我们用即时信息互相安慰。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$