UNIT 4 Humour 单元综合检测(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版2019）

[本卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟] 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Science Books for Kids of All Ages To help you choose the perfect educational books for your child, we've created this handpicked list of the best science books for kids.The titles featured here spark curiosity, encourage leaning, and are lots of fun, too. About Time: A First Look at Time and Clocks Author: Bruce Koscielniak; Price: US $8.55 Long ago people used the sun, the moon, and the water to tell time.Soon after we began using our knowledge about the natural world to build clocks and to create calendars made up of months and years.Centuries later, we have clocks and calendars all around us.This book tells the amazing story of how it all happened! Animalium: Welcome to the Museum Author: Katie Scott；Price: US $8.99 This book opens the doors of the natural history museum for your child all year round! It features 200 full­color specimens accompanied by lively, informative text and more.Discover the animal kingdom in glorious detail with unique illustrations that combine science and art. Bang！： How We Came to Be Author: Michael Rubino; Price: US $16.00 “Bang! And that was it, the beginning of everything.” So begins this beautifully illustrated story of evolution.This book conveys not only the facts but also the excitement of the scientific explanation of our world, from the origin of the universe to the present reality of our planet. Bedtime Math: The Truth Comes Out Author: Laura Overdeck; Price: US $10.99 This book makes learning about math as fun as dessert after dinner! It combines math and cool facts for one fun and wild adventure.Now kids can discover the science behind all their favorite things: marshmallows, soda, ice cream, and more.With over 100 math problems on a variety of topics, kids will find math isn't just fun — it can be found everywhere! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文，介绍儿童喜欢的科学图书。 1．What can kids learn in the book About Time? A．The tough life of ancestors. B．The origin of the sun and the moon. C．The old ways to measure time. D．The wildlife in the natural world. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据About Time: A First Look at Time and Clocks的“Long ago people used the sun, the moon, and the water to tell time.(很久以前，人们用太阳、月亮和水来报时)”可知，孩子们可以在《关于时间》这本书中了解过去计算时间的方法。故选C。 2．What do Animalium and Bang! have in common? A．They are children's novels. B．They are popular for cheap price. C．They are collected in the museum. D．They are illustrated stories for kids. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据Animalium: Welcome to the Museum中“Discover the animal kingdom in glorious detail with unique illustrations (用独特的插图探索动物王国的辉煌细节)”和Bang！： How We Came to Be中“So begins this beautifully illustrated story of evolution (于是，这个插图精美的进化故事开始了)”可知，这两本书中都有插图用来描述故事。故选D。 3．Which book can make numbers fun and easy? A．Bang！　　　　　 B．Bedtime Math. C．Animalium. D．About Time. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据最后一段Bedtime Math: The Truth Comes Out中“With over 100 math problems on a variety of topics, kids will find math isn't just fun — it can be found everywhere！(有100多道关于各种主题的数学题，孩子们会发现数学不仅仅是有趣的——它无处不在)”可知，Bedtime Math可以使数字学习简单有趣。故选B。 B Dr.Wiseman started “the laugh lab” project in September.It is the largest study of humour.Participants (参加者) are invited to log on to the laugh lab website, give a few personal details, tell their favourite jokes and judge the jokes told by other people. The project will last for a year, and the organisers hope to finally discover the world's funniest joke.But there is also a serious purpose.The researchers want to know what people from different nations and cultures find funny.And they want to find out the differences between the male and female sense of humour.The idea is that if we want to understand each other, we have to find out what makes us laugh. This is a subject that has long attracted psychologists and philosophers.Most of the time, people are not completely honest.We do things that society expects us to and say things that help us get what we want.But laughing cannot be controlled.When we laugh, we tell the truth about ourselves.By December over 10,000 jokes had been submitted (递交)．This gave the scientists enough evidence to make early conclusions.It seems that men and women do have different senses of humour, for instance. “Our findings show the major differences in the ways in which males and females use humour，” said Dr.Wiseman.“Males use humour to appear superior to others, while women are more skilled in languages and prefer wordplay.” Researchers also found that there really is such a thing as a national sense of humour.The British enjoy what is usually called “toilet humour”．But the French like their jokes short and sharp: “You're a high priced lawyer.Will you answer two questions for $500？”“Yes.What's the second question？” The Germans are famous for not having a sense of humour.But the survey found that German participants were more likely to find submitted jokes funny than any other nationality.Perhaps that proves the point.Is this joke funny? I don't know, but let's say yes, just to be safe. Dr.Wiseman and his workmates also submitted jokes created by computers.But none of those who took part in the survey found any of them amusing.Perhaps this is relief.Computers already seem like they can do everything.At least they should leave the funny stuff to us. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由Dr.Wiseman进行的一次有关幽默感的调查，调查者想了解世界上最幽默的笑话，了解来自不同国家不同文化的人的幽默感，以及男士与女士之间幽默感的不同，同时通过统计得出了一定的结论。 4．The purpose of “the laugh lab” project is . A．to find the funniest joke in European countries B．to get more personal details about participants C．to know what funny people are like from different nations and cultures D．to find out the differences between the male and female sense of humour 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段“The project will last for a year, and the organisers hope to finally discover the world's funniest joke.But there is also a serious purpose.The researchers want to know what people from different nations and cultures find funny.And they want to find out the differences between the male and female sense of humour.(这个项目将持续一年，组织者希望最终能发现世界上最有趣的笑话。但也有一个严肃的目的。研究人员想知道来自不同国家和文化的人觉得什么好笑。他们想要找出男性和女性幽默感之间的差异。)”可知，研究者的目的是搜集世界上最有趣的笑话，调查不同的人有什么不同的幽默感以及男女之间幽默感的不同，由此可知A、C是错误的；而本次的目的并非想得到更多的参与者的个人信息， B选项也是错误的。故选D。 5．We can infer from the passage that . A．most of the people all over the world are completely honest B．people tell the truth about themselves only when they laugh C．ordinary people are not interested in “the laugh lab” project at all D．psychologists and philosophers take interest in the “laugh lab” project 解析：D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句“This is a subject that has long attracted psychologists and philosophers.(这是一个长期以来吸引心理学家和哲学家的课题。)”由此可推断，这个项目已经吸引了心理学家和哲学家。故选D。 6．According to the passage, we can safely say that . A．jokes created by computers are less appealing to people B．men and women have similar senses of humour C．the project lasted one year D．scientists have collected enough evidence to make final conclusions 解析：A　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一、二句“Dr.Wiseman and his workmates also submitted jokes created by computers.But none of those who took part in the survey found any of them amusing.(Dr.Wiseman和他的同事们还提交了电脑创作的笑话。但参与调查的人都不觉得这些笑话有趣。)”可知，电脑创造的笑话对人的吸引力较小。故选A。 7．What is the best title for the passage? A．Funny or not? B．Laugh louder! C．Men laugh better D．Watch out for the trap in jokes! 解析：A　主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章介绍了由Dr.Wiseman进行的一次有关幽默感的调查，调查者想了解世界上最幽默的笑话，了解来自不同国家不同文化的人的幽默感，以及男士与女士之间幽默感的不同，同时通过统计得出了一定的结论。文章的主题主要是关于“幽默”，并且谈到了“幽默”与“不幽默”，故A项“Funny or not？”符合主题，是最佳标题。故选A。 C Humour is a most effective, yet frequently neglected, means of handling the difficult situations in our lives.It can be used for patching up differences, apologizing, saying“no”， criticizing, and getting the other fellow to do what you want without losing his face.For some jobs, it is the only tool that can succeed.It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that a serious dialogue may start a riot.For example, many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerance that people in any other forum. Humour is often the best way to keep a small misunderstanding from escalating (升级) into a big deal.Recently a neighbour of mine had a quarrel with his wife as she drove him to the airport.Airborne, he felt miserable, and he knew she did, too.Two hours after she returned home, she received a long­distance phone call.“Person­to­person for Mrs I．A.Pologize.” intoned the operator.“That's spelled ‘P’ as in ...” In a twinkling (眨眼间), the whole day changed from bad to lovely at both ends of the wire. An English hostess with a quick wit was giving a formal dinner for eight distinguished guests whom she hoped to enlist (赞助) in a major charity drive.Austerity was a fashion in England at the time, and she had asked her children to serve the meal.She knew that anything could happen ...and it did, just as her son, with the studied concentration of a tight rope walker, brought in a large roast turkey; he successfully elbowed the swinging dining­room door, but the backswing threw the bird dropped onto the dining­room floor. The boy stood rooted, the guests staring at their plates.Moving only her head the hostess looked at her son，“No harm, Daniel”， she said，“just pick him up and take him back to the kitchen” ...she enunciated (发音) clearly so he would think about what she was saying ...“and bring in the other one”． A wink and a one­liner instantly changed the dinner from a red­faced embarrassment to a laughter. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了幽默能使我们有效地应对尴尬的局面。 8．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Humour is the key to success in our work and lives. B．Humour enables us to deal with difficult situations effectively. C．Humour is the best way to criticize someone without losing his face. D．Humour makes fun of any difficult situations. 解析：B　主旨大意题。从文章结构上分析，作者在首段就提出了本文的中心论点，而且其后的三段都对中心论点加以说明。首段的第一句又是本段的中心句，下面所列出的一些幽默的作用都是具体的方面。故应选B项。 9．Which of the following is NOT stated in the passage? A．Comedians on TV are believed to have done a lot in making people more tolerant of racial and religious differences. B．To make up differences, humour is a most acceptable and effective means. C．People often turn to humorous ways when meeting with difficult situations because of its effectiveness. D．Only by adopting the means of humour can one succeed in some jobs. 解析：C　细节理解题。选项A、D内容分别位于第一段的末句和第三句中，选项B的内容虽然在原文中没有直接出现，但与第一段中所含意思相同。 10．What caused the roast turkey to drop onto the floor? A．The backward movement of the door. B．The son's rude behaviour. C．Someone happened to be at the door. D．The bird raised by the family. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，他成功地用肘部推开了门，但是复位的门却将火鸡打到了地上。故应选A项。 11．What do you think would probably be the result if the hostess got angry and scolded the son? A．It would make the embarrassing situation worse. B．The son would refuse to serve the guests any more. C．The son would talk back and make the mother all the more angry. D．The guests would leave before the dinner was over. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，如果女主人生气了，会使尴尬的情况更糟糕。 D (2023·全国乙卷)Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation. Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes.To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10­minute time frame.I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography.I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph.I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil's Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake.After we found a crazy­looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset.The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background.We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset.However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely.Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time.Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了美国爱荷华州的一位摄影师的拍摄日常，为了拍出优秀的风景照，摄影师付出了很多，其中不乏艰辛，当然有收获也有遗憾。 12．How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest? A．By teaming up with other photographers. B．By shooting in the countryside or state parks. C．By studying the geographical conditions. D．By creating settings in the corn fields. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段的“To make some of my landscape shots...the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way”可知，作者和他的朋友们到州公园或农村去拍照，以此来应对中西部缺少地理多样性的挑战。故B项正确。 13．What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author? A．Proper time management. B．Good shooting techniques. C．Adventurous spirit. D．Distinctive styles. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，恰当的地点和恰当的时间对于拍摄任何风格的照片都起着决定性的作用。第三段的最后一句验证了作者所说。故A项正确。 14．What can we infer from the author's trip with friends to Devil's Lake? A．They went crazy with the purple quartz rock. B．They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset. C．They reached the shooting spot later than expected. D．They had problems with their equipment. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第四段的“However, we did not mark the route...it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time”可知，文中描述的是几乎完全错过了日落，之后安置拍摄设备的时间就非常有限了，也就是说他们比预想的到达得晚。故C项正确。 15．How does the author find his photos taken at Devil's Lake? A．Amusing. B．Satisfying. C．Encouraging. D．Comforting. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Still, looking back on the photos...if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely”可知，虽然有准备不充分和时间管理不明智等方面的遗憾，作者依然认为这是一些自己拍得最好的照片。故B项正确。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Having nothing to do, or doing the same task again and again, can certainly be boring.And if you always feel too much boredom, it can even affect your mental health.But does being bored have to be boring? A lack of stimulation (刺激) can lead to boredom—this is when we start to yawn and our mind wanders. 16 But it's at work where some experts think being chronically (长期地) bored can have damaging consequences. 17 And it is the opposite of “burnout”．Writing for BBC Worklife, Bryan Lufkin says, “This happens when we are bored by our work to the point that we feel it is totally meaningless. 18 ” It can be caused by working in a disappointing environment or feeling under­challenged.Studies show that terrible feelings from boreout can affect workers outside the office and lead to physical illness from insomnia (失眠) to headaches.But Bryan adds that identifying the problem is important for tackling it. When it becomes extremely boring, some people joke about “dying of boredom”．According to Luis Villazon, writing for the Science Focus website, boredom is just a state of mind which won't kill you, though it can harm the immune system in some people.He says, “The greatest risk from boredom comes from the things you do to struggle with it. 19 ” However, some experts say boredom is a natural thing. 20 If we see it as an opportunity, it could encourage our creativity.And if our boredom is at work, it could force us to work more effectively. A．It can happen at home or at school. B．Boredom is very harmful to our health. C．This situation has been termed “boreout”． D．He says “boreout” can be turned into “burnout”． E．And they think it should be seen more positively. F．If our job seems pointless, our tasks could be of no value. G．For example, people who are easily bored tend to do dangerous sports. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在工作中无聊会带来负面影响，并指出积极对待无聊可以激发我们的创造力，促使我们高效工作。 16．A　前文“A lack of stimulation can lead to boredom—this is when we start to yawn and our mind wanders.(缺乏刺激会导致无聊——这是我们开始打哈欠和走神的时候。)”讲述了缺乏刺激会让人感到无聊，后文“But it's at work where some experts think being chronically bored can have damaging consequences.(但一些专家认为，长期感到无聊会对工作产生破坏性后果。)”讲述了长期无聊对工作有坏处，空处应承接上文，且与下文形成转折，所以空处应讲述在其他地方感到无聊，A项“这种情况可能发生在家里或学校。”符合题意。故选A。 17．C　后文“And it is the opposite of ‘burnout’．(这与‘倦怠’相反。)”提到了空处与burnout (倦怠) 相反，C项“这种情况被称为‘闷爆’。”符合题意，选项中的boreout和下文中的burnout相对。故选C。 18．F　前文“This happens when we are bored by our work to the point that we feel it is totally meaningless.(当我们对工作感到无聊，以至于觉得它完全没有意义时，就会发生这种情况。)”可知，空处应进一步解释我们对工作感到没有意义时的情况，F项“如果我们的工作看起来毫无意义，我们的任务可能就没有价值了。”符合题意，选项中的pointless照应前文中的meaningless。故选F。 19．G　前文“The greatest risk from boredom comes from the things you do to struggle with it.(无聊带来的最大风险来自于你为应对无聊而做的事情。)”讲述了你为打发无聊而做的事情往往有很大风险，空处应进一步对此进行说明，G项“例如，容易感到无聊的人往往会做危险的运动。”符合题意。故选G。 20．E　前文“However, some experts say boredom is a natural thing.(然而，一些专家表示，无聊是一件很自然的事情。)”讲述了一些专家认为无聊是自然情况，后文“If we see it as an opportunity, it could encourage our creativity.(如果我们把它看作一个机会，它可以鼓励我们的创造力。)”讲述了把无聊看作机会可以激发创造力，由此可知，空处应说要积极看到无聊，E项“他们认为应该更积极地看待它。”符合题意，选项中的they指代前文的“some experts”，it指代前文的“boredom”。故选E。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 For 28 seniors living in isolation (隔离) since 17 March, 2020, at the Tres Figueiras home in Rio Grande in Brazil, Mother's Day came and went without any visitors.The loving staff noticed their 21 were at an all­time low.That was because their friends and loved ones couldn't 22 them in person. But，the care home has 23 a creative solution，allowing seniors to connect with their loved ones while still keeping them safe from 24 . “We noticed that our senior residents were feeling 25 ，”Rubia Santos，the care home's administrator told CNN.“We thought they would be much happier if we found a way for them to 26 their relatives.” So they put their heads together and created the “hug tunnel”． Made of thick plastic sheeting, the hug tunnel has arm holes for 27 and residents to wrap their arms around the person standing on the other 28 . The plastic has arm holes at three different 29 to accommodate children and those in 30 . It gives people the opportunity to feel the 31 of human contact without risking coming into 32 with the virus. The 33 came from a video showing a woman in the US hugging her mother using a plastic curtain with arm enclosures (环绕) in the backyard. It is catching fire around the world, 34 elderly folks with their loved ones in the most heart­warming way.Love is 35 . [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了巴西一家养老院搭建“拥抱通道”，帮助老人们克服疫情期间由于缺乏亲人的关怀而引起的情绪低落问题。 21．A.emotions　　　　　 B．pressures C．spirits D．tempers 解析：C　根据上文“For 28 seniors living in isolation since 17 March, 2020, at the Tres Figueiras home in Rio Grande in Brazil, Mother's Day came and went without any visitors.”可知，28位独居的老人在母亲节这天没有任何访客(visit)，所以情绪低落。 22．A.interview B．tend C．love D．visit 解析：D　参见上题解析。 23．A.put up with B．come up with C．caught up with D．kept up with 解析：B　根据下文宾语“a creative solution”可知，是“想出(come up with)”一个创造性的解决方案。 24．A.infection B．influence C．damage D．embarrassment 解析：A　根据第一段中“For 28 seniors living in isolation”可知，隔离就是为了不受到感染。 25．A.anxious B．glad C．sad D．regretful 解析：C　根据第一段中“were at an all­time low”可知，管理人员注意到老人们情绪低落，都很难过。 26．A.accompany B．pat C．kiss D．hug 解析：D　根据下文“So they put their heads together and created the ‘hug tunnel’．”可知，是想办法让老人们和亲人拥抱。 27．A.gardeners B．leaders C．visitors D．travelers 解析：C　根据下文“and residents”可知，是指访客和居民可以互相拥抱彼此。 28．A.end B．side C．edge D．hand 解析：B　根据上文的描述，老人们的家人前来探视，他们和老人之间隔着一层塑料薄膜，在塑料薄膜的不同高度上，设置不同高度的塑料衣袖，薄膜两侧的人们可以隔着塑料薄膜拥抱。 29．A.weights B．heights C．angles D．degrees 解析：B　根据下文“accommodate children and those in”可知，为了适应不同人的身高，这种塑料上有三个不同高度的孔。 30．A.wheelchairs B．beds C．cars D．prison 解析：A　根据文章背景可知，故事发生在养老院，最有可能是指坐在轮椅上的人，其他选项不符合语境。 31．A.enthusiasm B．effect C．warmth D．courage 解析：C　根据下文“of human contact”可知，是指感受与人接触的温暖。 32．A.contact B．force C．power D．use 解析：A　根据下文“with the virus”可知，是指接触病毒，contact with“接触”。 33．A.project B．idea C．step D．move 解析：B　根据第二段中“a creative solution”可知，本句是在解释“拥抱通道”这个想法的来源。 34．A.combining B．communicating C．comforting D．connecting 解析：D　根据第二段中“allowing seniors to connect with their loved ones”可知，“拥抱通道”用最温暖的方式把老人和他们的亲人联系起来。 35．A.bouncing B．rewarding C．sharp D．limitless 解析：D　结合文章内容可知，即使是在隔离的情况下，人们也想出了“拥抱通道”的办法，来温暖彼此，说明爱是没有限制的。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ever wondered how many calories there are in the human body? Or ever wondered why old people have 36. (big) ears than they used to? The winners of Ig Nobel Prizes (诺贝尔奖) have got the answers. The Ig Nobel Prizes, 37. (found) in 1991, are to honour achievements 38. first make people laugh, and then make them think.The ceremony 39. (take) place at Harvard University every year.Winners' acceptance 40. (speech) are limited to 60 seconds, 41. (strict) monitored by an eight­year­old girl. The honoured research might seem ridiculous 42. first sight, but that doesn't mean it lacks scientific value.For example, the research in 2006 on why dry spaghetti tends to break into more than two pieces when it is bent was important for controlling fractures, which could have applications in everything from the design of highways and bridges 43. the engineering of nanotubes.And a follow­up paper 44. (publish) by MIT physicists several years later.But people are more likely to read about the broken spaghetti than to read an academic paper.Even when there is no immediate usefulness, 45. is still good to encourage people to observe and think. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了搞笑诺贝尔奖，介绍了该奖项的由来和意义等。 36．bigger　考查比较级。句意：或者有没有想过为什么老年人的耳朵比以前大？根据空后的“than”可知，空处为形容词比较级。故填bigger。 37．founded　考查非谓语动词。句意：搞笑诺贝尔奖创立于1991年，旨在表彰那些先是让人发笑，然后又发人深思的成就。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“The Ig Nobel Prizes”之间为逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填founded。 38．which/that　考查定语从句。句意：搞笑诺贝尔奖创立于1991年，旨在表彰那些先是让人发笑，然后又发人深思的成就。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“achievements”，在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 39．takes　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：颁奖典礼每年在哈佛大学举行。考查谓语动词，根据时间状语“every year”可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the ceremony”，第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填takes。 40．speeches　考查名词的数。句意：获奖者的获奖感言被限制在60秒内，由一个8岁的小女孩严格监控。根据谓语动词“are limited”可判断，主语为名词的复数形式。故填speeches。 41．strictly　考查副词。句意：获奖者的获奖感言被限制在60秒内，由一个8岁的小女孩严格监控。修饰动词“monitor”用副词形式。故填strictly。 42．at　考查固定搭配。句意：这项获奖研究乍一看似乎很荒谬，但这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。固定搭配：at first sight，意为“乍一看”，在句中作状语。故填at。 43．to　考查固定搭配。句意：例如，2006年的一项关于为什么干意大利面在弯曲时往往会断裂成两段以上的研究，对控制断裂很重要，这可以应用于从高速公路和桥梁设计到纳米管工程的各个领域。固定搭配：from...to...，意为“从……到……”。故填to。 44．was published　考查时态和语态。句意：几年后，麻省理工学院的物理学家发表了一篇后续论文。考查本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“several years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a follow­up paper”，第三人称单数，和动词“publish”之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was published。 45．it　考查代词。句意：即使没有直接的用处，鼓励人们去观察和思考也是好的。it担当形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。故填it。 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom给你写信，在信中询问你最喜欢的西方喜剧演员，请你给他回信。内容包括： 1．你最喜欢卓别林； 2．你了解的卓别林的情况和令你印象深刻的卓别林的作品； 3．你的感悟。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【参考范文】 Dear Tom， I'm glad to hear from you.I'm writing to tell you that Charlie Chaplin is my favourite comedian and I'd like to share with you something about him. Chaplin was born in a poor area of London.At an early age, he was forced to join the mobile troupe, travelling all over the UK.Afterwards he began working in the movie business, and in 1914 in a film he created a tragedy “Charlot”， and this special image is also my favourite film image.It brings both amusement and thinking to the audience. I like Chaplin especially because of his hard­working and perseverant attitude to life and his career. I'm looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) I met Gunter on a cold，wet and unforgettable evening in September.I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference.Due to a big storm，my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half.I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague.The moment I got off the plane，I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter.I told him where I was going，but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station.I thought my pronunciation was the problem，so I explained again more slowly，but he still looked confused.When I was about to give up，Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend.After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century，Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally，with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station.Thankfully，there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus.Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus，turned around，and looked at me with a big smile on his face.“We made it，”he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet.I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard.He tried it several times，but the card machine just did not play along.A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment，Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station.There，at the entrance，was a cash machine.I jumped out of the car，made a mad run for the machine，and popped my card in，only to read the message：“Out of order.Sorry.” 注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式作答。 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised. 【参考范文】 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.The cash machine was also out of order！In other words，I couldn't pay him now.I felt so depressed and sorry[心理描写，沮丧且抱歉]，an embarrassed smile creeping onto(逐渐浮现) my face(独立主格结构)[表情描写，体现尴尬处境]．Then an idea occurred to me.I pointed at [手部动作描写] my phone and asked him to give his phone number to me so that I could contact him when I came back here(目的状语从句，其中 when 引导时间状语从句)．Surprisingly，he comforted me that everything was OK since he had known how anxious I was(that引导宾语从句，其中 since 引导原因状语从句，how 引导宾语从句)．After we said goodbye to each other，I rushed to[肢体动作描写] the queue.Fortunately，I didn't miss the whole arrangements for the conference. Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised.He didn't recognise me immediately when I said hello to him. So I explained my intention.At first，he refused to charge me the fare.But I insisted I owe him the money(宾语从句＋虚拟语气)．Therefore，we made a deal to meet at the bus station.When we met，I extended my gratitude for his trust in me，gave him the fare and tipped (给小费)him another sum of money[表达感激的心理以及付钱的动作链]．Satisfied，he gave me a thumbs­up，praised me a lot for my honesty and also thanked me for the tip[司机收到报酬后的反应动作链]，but I told him that he deserved it(that 引导宾语从句)．Till now，every time I recall this experience(every time 引导时间状语从句)，I can't help wondering(不禁琢磨) if there is more trust and honesty in the world, how charming our world will be(how 引导宾语从句，其中if 引导条件状语从句). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$