UNIT 4 Humour Section Ⅴ Lesson 3(Word练习)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The British are known for their sense of humour.However, it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes.The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement. Understatement means saying less than you think or feel.For example, if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain, he might say, “It's a little damp (潮湿的) outside.”Or, if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person, someone else might say, “She isn't exactly friendly.”Und­erstatement is often used in unpleasant situations or to make another person look silly.Understatement plays an important part in British humour. Another key to understanding British humour is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others.They often laugh about the silly and unpleasant things that happen to their everyday life, for example, when someone accidentally falls over in the street.They also like to make jokes about people from different classes of society.They like to make jokes about their accents, the way they dress and the way they behave.What's more, the British love to watch comedies about people who do not know how to behave in society.The comedy series Mr Bean is a good example of this kind of humour.Mr Bean is the character created by British actor Rowan Atkinson in 1990. Mr Bean doesn't talk often, and instead he uses his body movements and facial expressions to make people laugh.Perhaps what makes Mr Bean so funny is that he does things that adults in the real world cannot do.Mr Bean is popular in many countries around the world because you do not have to speak English to understand the humour.Because of this, many people have become familiar with the British sense of humour. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何理解英式幽默。 1．Why is it difficult for foreigners to understand British jokes? A．Because the British often enlarge the fact. B．Because British jokes are connected with many different cultures. C．Because the British try to make out that something is less important than it is. D．Because British jokes are not as funny as jokes in other countries. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.”及第二段中的“Understatement means saying less than you think or feel.”可知，英国人经常使用低调陈述，低调陈述意味着说的话没有你想的或感觉到的那么重要，所以外国人很难理解英国笑话是因为英国人总是试图让别人觉得事情没有那么重要。 2．How does the author explain understatement? A．By using examples. B．By making comparisons. C．By following time order. D．By describing a process. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“For example, if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain, he might say, ‘It's a little damp outside.’ Or, if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person, someone else might say, ‘She isn't exactly friendly.’”可知，作者是通过举例来解释低调陈述的。 3．How does Mr Bean make people laugh? A．By telling funny stories. B．By making jokes about others' accents. C．By copying how others behave. D．By using his body movements and facial expressions. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Mr Bean doesn't talk often, and instead he uses his body movements and facial expressions to make people laugh.”可知，憨豆先生是通过肢体动作和面部表情使人发笑的。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．British Humour in Comedy B．Humour in Different Cultures C．Developing Your Sense of Humour D．Understanding British Humour 解析：D　标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“However，it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes.The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.”及第三段中的“Another key to understanding British humour is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others.”可知，本文主要介绍了如何理解英式幽默。 B When we smile, our system recognizes that there's an absence of threat, and relaxes：it slows down our heart rate, and may reduce blood pressure for a short time, too, promoting overall heart health.Even forcing your face into a smile can reduce stress and relax yourself. Smiling is a language that everyone understands regardless of age, race, culture, language, and nationality.We all know that when you smile at people, even strangers, they almost always smile back, spreading a kind of peace and goodwill.This contagious (富于感染力的) smiling comes from a subconscious tendency to match other people's emotions.It's why people who spend time around children, who smile often, naturally smile more than people who keep mostly adults company. People who are generous with smiles are considered more likeable and approachable than people who wear a deadpan (故作严肃的) expression.Consider successful salesmen and politicians.Can you imagine how we'd react if they wore sour expressions？People who smile a lot are more likely to gain our trust and earn better tips than someone who provides the same service with a blank face. In a study, Major League Baseball players from 1952 who wore full face, genuine smiles on their baseball cards lived longer, around 79.9 years, compared to players who only partly smiled or didn't smile at all, who lived 5 to 7 years less.Smiling can make us look younger, too.People who smile frequently seem to age more slowly, appearing around three years younger than their less smiling counterparts. We now have evidence that we are born to smile.While smiling used to be considered a learned behaviour that babies acquired at around six weeks of age, more advanced testing has shown that even babies who are born blind can smile.Babies have been known to make breathing and sucking movements while still in the womb (子宫), and these reactions are thought to prepare themselves for their life outside.Now smiling has joined the list.Say cheese! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微笑的作用。微笑可以使人健康，使人年轻，为人赢得好感，微笑也是人的一种本能。 5．What can smiling do according to paragraph 1? A．Remove your life pressure. B．Improve the condition of your heart. C．Make your blood pressure steady forever. D．Prevent you from being absent­minded. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“it slows down our heart rate, and may reduce blood pressure for a short time, too, promoting overall heart health”可知，微笑可以改善心脏的健康状况。 6．What should you do if you want to smile more according to the author? A．Stay more with people smiling more. B．Approach smart children. C．Care more about others' feelings. D．Volunteer together with more strangers. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It's why people who spend time around children, who smile often, naturally smile more than people who keep mostly adults company.”可推知，如果你想要有更多的笑容，你就要多接触爱笑的人。 7．What does the author want to show by mentioning salesmen and politicians? A．A false smile may hurt people. B．Smiles contribute to a career. C．Generous people tend to smile more. D．Work pressure stops people smiling. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，作者举例的目的是说明微笑对职业发展有帮助，因为微笑让推销员和政治家取得成功。 8．What does the author suggest in the last paragraph? A．Babies smile within 2 months. B．Blind babies learn to smile. C．Smiling is a natural ability. D．Breathing and sucking are similar to smiling. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者在最后一段中暗示微笑就像呼吸和吮吸一样是婴儿生来就会的，即微笑是一种本能。 Ⅱ.七选五 There is an English saying：“ 1 ” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously.Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. 2 Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body.People watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts, blood pressure, breathing and muscles.It was found that laughter has similar effects compared with physical exercise. 3 If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial. Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body.In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs.The group that tolerated (忍耐) the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. 4 5 They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter. A．Laughter can prolong one's life. B．As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics in which they help to improve their patients' condition by encouraging them to laugh. C．The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemical in the brain which diminishes both stress and pain. D．It increases blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach and even the feet. E．Although laughter helps cure the disease, doctors still cannot put this theory into clinic practice. F．Laughter is the best medicine. G．They have found that laughter can really improve people's health. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们大笑的好处，而且笑声还能缓解疼痛。 1．F　根据前文内容可知，此处要引用谚语，因此要找一个概括总结的句子，结合全文内容可知，F项最符合题意。 2．G　根据上文“doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body”可知，空处很可能说医生的发现，因此 G项符合语境，G项中的They指代上文中的doctors。 3．D　前文讲到大笑和身体锻炼有相似的功效，此处应是具体描述都有哪些功效，故D项符合题意。 4．C　本段谈到“laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body”以及对此进行的实验，空处应是对这个实验的总结，故C项符合题意。 5．B　根据后文内容可知，空处应与doctors和patients有关，且应表达出医生利用让病人大笑来为病人治疗的意思，故B项符合题意。 Ⅲ.语法填空 Charlie Chaplin was a master of non­verbal humour, who made people happy.However, his life was anything but easy.He was born in a poor family in 1889.His parents 1. (be) both poor performers, and it was 2. (astonish) that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.3. (unfortunate)his father died, 4. (leave) the family even worse off.By his teens, Charlie had become one of the most popular child actors in Britain. 5． time going by, he began making films.His charming character made the audience laugh at a time 6. they felt depressed.He brightened the lives of Americans and British through two world wars and the hard years in between.Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and 7. (produce) the films he starred 8. .Because of his outstanding performance, in 1972 he 9. (award) a special Oscar and remembered forever.To this day, Charlie Chaplin is still considered as one of the 10. (great) actors in the history of the cinema. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了著名喜剧大师卓别林的生平及贡献。 1．were　考查谓语动词。句意：他的父母都不是很好的表演者，令人惊讶的是，查理一会说话就被教唱歌，一会走路就被教跳舞。空处作谓语，根据前后文时态可知，此处用一般过去时，主语是His parents，be 动词用were。故填were。 2．astonishing　考查形容词。句意：他的父母都不是很好的表演者，令人惊讶的是，查理一会说话就被教唱歌，一会走路就被教跳舞。根据句意可知，此处表示“令人惊讶的”，用astonishing。故填astonishing。 3．Unfortunately　考查副词。句意：不幸的是，他的父亲去世了，使家里的情况更糟。此处修饰句子，用副词unfortunately作状语。空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填Unfortunately。 4．leaving　考查非谓语动词。句意：不幸的是，他的父亲去世了，使家里的情况更糟。本句已有谓语died，leave应作非谓语动词，表示自然而然的结果用现在分词作状语。故填leaving。 5．With　考查介词。句意：随着时间的流逝，他开始制作电影。with time going by是“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构，表示“随着时间流逝”，作状语，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填With。 6．when　考查定语从句。句意：当观众感到沮丧时，他迷人的性格让他们笑了起来。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是a time，指时间，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，用when引导从句。故填when。 7．produced　考查时态。句意：查理·卓别林创作、导演和制作了他主演的电影。并列连词and连接了三个并列谓语，时态一致，用一般过去时。故填produced。 8．in　考查介词。句意：查理·卓别林创作、导演和制作了他主演的电影。star in...(在……中担任主角)，为固定短语。故填in。 9．was awarded　考查谓语动词。句意：由于他的出色表现，1972年他被授予特别奥斯卡奖，并被永远铭记。空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语in 1972可知，谓语动词用一般过去时；被授予奖项，用被动语态；主语是第三人称单数，故填was awarded。 10．greatest　考查形容词。句意：直到今天，查理·卓别林仍然被认为是电影史上最伟大的演员之一。“one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，故填greatest。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$