UNIT 4 Humour Section Ⅰ Topic Talk(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅰ　Topic Talk Ⅰ.重点词汇 ◎核心单词 1．pretend vi.&vt.假装，装作 2．plot n．(书、电影、戏剧的)情节 3．accent n．口音 4．well­being n．舒适；健康；幸福 5．referee n．裁判(员) 6．dizzy adj.头晕目眩的 7．swing n．挥动，挥舞；秋千 vi.&vt.(使)摆动；(使)转动；朝……打去；荡秋千 8．collapse vi.突然倒下 9．potential n．潜力，潜能 adj.潜在的，可能的 ◎拓展单词 10．comedy n．喜剧片；喜剧节目→comedian n．喜剧演员 11．humour n．幽默；诙谐→humorous adj.幽默的；诙谐的→humorist n．幽默家；滑稽者 12．imitate vt.模仿→imitation n．模仿 13．face n．脸；表面；面子 vi.&vt.面对；面向→facial adj.面部的；脸上的 14．interact vi.交流；交往；相互作用→interaction n．相互作用，相互影响；交流 15．anxious adj.焦虑的；担忧的；渴望的；急切的→anxiety n．焦虑，不安；担心 16．significant adj.重要的；重大的→significance n．意义；重要性；意思 17．enhance vt.增强；改进；提高→enhancement n．增加；放大 18．terrify vt.恐吓；使恐怖；使害怕→terrified adj.极度惊恐的→terrifying adj.令人恐惧的；骇人的；极大的 19．balance n．平衡；余额 vi.&vt.使平衡；结算→balanced adj.平衡的；和谐的→unbalanced adj.不平衡的 20．embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬→embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人尴尬的；令人为难的→embarrassment n．窘迫，难堪；使人为难的人或事物 21．consume vt.消耗；吃；消费→consumption n．消费；消耗→consumer n．消费者；用户，顾客 22．confuse vt.使混乱；使困惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.混乱的；混淆的；令人困惑的→confusion n．混淆，混乱；困惑 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．cross talk 相声 2．because of 由于 3．laugh at 嘲笑 4．be good for 有益于 5．be terrified of 害怕 6．in defence 作为防守 7．as a result 结果 8．over and over again 反复 9．get up to one's feet 站起来 10．carry on 继续 Ⅲ.句式语境 1．when引导表语从句 My favourite kind of comedy is when someone pretends to be someone else. 我最喜欢的喜剧类型是当有人假装成别人时。 2．make＋宾语＋宾补 Why does it make you laugh? 为什么它能使你发笑？ 3．such...that... He has made such great progress that we are proud of him. 他取得了如此巨大的进步，我们以他为荣。 如何运用听力材料中演讲者的问题 在听力材料中，一些演讲者会时不时地利用一些问题来吸引听众的注意力，然后演讲者再自己给出答案，这种方式可以帮助听众更好地理解说话者所说的要点，所以在听的过程中，要仔细听演讲者所提出的问题并关注演讲者所给出的答案。 一、根据演讲者所提出的问题来答题 演讲者在演讲的过程中，会提出一些问题来吸引观众的注意力，如Why do we need...？/What can...？/Does it mean...？/What does...mean？同学们在听的过程中一定要特别注意这些问题。 　What is“the short­cut” to learn words according to the speaker? A．Taking more courses. B．Reading basic words aloud. C．Learning how words are formed. Text M：Good afternoon everybody and welcome to this class on English words.I hope that all of you can hear me.If not, please let me know.I am Professor John Morris.I'll be your teacher for the next 13 weeks.As you can probably tell, this is one of the most popular and crowded classes.Indeed, every time this course is offered, this room is very full.Why is that? Well, in order to use the English language, it's very important to have at least a basic understanding of how words are formed.Just to mention one figure and there are many, there are about 1 million words in English.If you are an English learner, you may wonder how you can possibly remember all of these words.Well, for one thing, you don't have to.No native speaker exists who knows all of the words in the English language.Besides, there are short­cuts.Short­cuts? Yes, for example, if you know how words are formed by using parts of words from other languages, such as Greek and French, you'll understand a good number of English words when you first come across them.Let me put it this way, knowing the rules will help you to master a large number of words.This is probably the NO.1 reason why this class is so popular. 【分析】　从问题以及给出的回答“Short­cuts? Yes, for example, if you know how words are formed by using parts of words from other languages...”中可以很容易选出答案为C。 二、根据演讲者自己对问题的回答来答题 演讲者在提出问题之后，一般都会自己给出答案，以便听众能更好地理解自己的演讲要点。如I believe that...; The answer is YES.; It means that...。 1．What do people usually say about middle children? A．They grow up to be funny and charming. B．They get less attention from their parents. C．They often have a poor sense of direction. 2．Who gets special attention in the family? A．The first child. B．The only child. C．The youngest child. 3．What did the recent study find about later children? A．They often did better in life. B．They believed in family rules. C．They followed orders. Text W：Where do you come in the birth order of your family? Whether you are the first or last child in your family, or are a middle or only child? But there are different ideas about what birth order means.Some people say that the oldest children are smart and strong­willed, and they are very likely to be successful.The reason for this is simple：parents have a lot of time for that first child.They give him or her a lot of attention.So this child is very likely to do well.An only child will succeed for the same reason.What happens to the other children in the family？Middle children don't get so much attention.So they don't feel that important.If a family has many children, the middle one sometimes gets lost in the crowd.The youngest child then, often gets special treatment.He or she is the baby.Often this child grows up funny and charming. Do you believe this idea about birth order，too? A recent study saw things quite differently.The study found that first children believed in family rules.They didn't take many chances in their lives.They usually followed orders.Rules didn't mean as much to later children in a family.They went out and followed their own ideas.They took chances and they often did better in life. 【分析】　在听录音的过程中，根据原文中的“Middle children don't get so much attention...The youngest child then, often gets special treatment.”以及“They took chances and they often did better in life.”等内容，1、2、3题的答案就很容易选出来了，分别为B、C、A。 [重点词汇] 1．pretend vi.&vt.假装，装作 [经典佳句]　 Despite a feeling of desperation, he pretended to his family that everything was going well.(读后续写之情感描写) 尽管感到很绝望，但是他对家人佯称一切顺利。 (1)pretend to do sth　假装做某事 pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事 pretend to have done sth 假装做过某事 (2)pretend＋that从句 假装…… (3)pretend to be＋形容词/名词　假装是…… [名师点津]　pretend to do sth的否定式为pretend not to do sth。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Over the past 38 years, Mr.Wang has pretended to be (be) someone else many times. ②The boy pretended to be reading (read) when his mother entered the room. ③When his father entered his room，he pretended to have fallen (fall) asleep. ④弗兰克转过身去，假装没看见我，就匆忙离开了。(续写之动作描写) Frank turned away，pretending not to notice me, and hurried away.(分词作状语) 2.anxiety n．焦虑，不安，担心 [经典佳句]　 As the sky gradually darkened, a wave of anxiety seized/flooded over/swept over him.(读后续写之情感描写) 天色渐暗，他感到一阵不安。 (1)anxious adj.　忧虑的，担心的；渴望的 be anxious for/about 为……担心/忧虑 be anxious for sth 渴望某事(物) be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事 be anxious for sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事 be anxious that sb (should) do sth 渴望某人做某事 (2)anxiously adv. 忧虑地，不安地 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①Lack of self­confidence, Jack can't help being anxious about/for his job interview. ②Her family was poor, so the girl was anxious to finish (finish) school and get a job. ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Seeing his face filled with anxiety (anxious), I felt sad, deciding to talk with him. ④She looked at her sick child and was very anxious.(用形容词短语作状语改写) →She looked at her sick child, very anxious. 3.significant adj.重要的；重大的 [经典佳句]　 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. GPNP旨在为生活在大熊猫活动区内的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康状况。 (1)It is significant that　有重要意义(从句用should do 结构) (2)significance n. 意义；意思；重要性；重要意义 be of significance to... 对……有重要意义 attach significance to... 认为……重要 [名师点津]　常见 “be＋of＋抽象名词” 的短语还有： ·be of importance＝be important ·be of value＝be valuable ·be of help＝be helpful [即学活用]　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)The average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly (significant) more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals. ②There is no doubt that the protection of traditional culture is very important to Chinese cultural diversity. →There is no doubt that the protection of traditional culture is of great significance to Chinese cultural diversity. 4.confused adj.困惑的 [经典佳句]　 By reading the newspaper, we solved some problems that we were/felt confused about.(应用文之投稿) 通过阅读报纸，我们解决了一些令我们感到困惑的问题。 (1)be/get confused with/about　对……感到困惑 (2)confuse vt. 使困惑不解 confuse...with/and... 把……和……混淆 (3)confusing adj. 令人困惑的 (4)confusion n. 混乱；混淆；困惑 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I always confuse John with his brother; they are so much alike. ②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I thought my pronunciation was the problem，so I explained again more slowly，but he still looked confused (confuse)． ③Surprised and stunned, they showered us with tons of confusing (confuse) questions. ④(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写)一看到我来了，他就笑个不停，这使我感到很困惑。 At the sight of my coming, he didn't stop laughing, which made me feel confused. 5.embarrassed adj.难堪的， 尴尬的 [经典佳句]　 It embarrassed her greatly to borrow money from him again. 再次向他借钱让她感到很难堪。 (1)embarrassing adj.　令人尴尬的 embarrass vt. 使尴尬 embarrassment n. 尴尬， 困窘 (2)with embarrassment　尴尬地 be embarrassed at/by/with 对……感到尴尬 [即学活用]　用embarrass的适当形式填空 My daughter's talking with her mouth full of food often ①embarrasses me.Much to my ②embarrassment, although I am ③embarrassed with her about her ④embarrassing habit, she can't get rid of it. 6.consume vt.消耗；吃；消费 [经典佳句]　 Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight, while the French, who consume rich food, continue to stay thin? 为什么美国人得努力控制体重， 而吃得很油腻的法国人却能保持苗条？ consumer n．消费者， 用户 consumption n. 消耗，食用，消耗量 [即学活用]　单句语法填空 ①Palm oil is the most widely consumed (consume)vegetable oil in the world. ②(2023·全国乙卷)It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain's consumers (consume) would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. ③The children had consumed (consume)all the hot dogs and hamburgers when I came in. ④The consumption (consume)of coal in that factory is five tons a day. [重点句型] (教材原句)Why do these things make us laugh? 为什么这些事情令我们发笑？ [句式分析]　make us laugh属于“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构， 此处的宾语补足语是不带to的不定式。 [经典佳句]　 She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. 她想知道几个世纪的潜水经历能否导致他们身体特征的进化， 从而使得这项工作对他们来说更容易。 [名师点津]　(1)在“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中， 可以充当宾语补足语的有： 名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式(不带to)、过去分词。 (2)不定式作宾语补足语时， 被动形式需要还原不定式符号to。 He was made to clean the desk a second time. 他被要求再擦一遍桌子。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Doing exercise every day makes him healthy (health)． ②She tried to make herself understood (understand) while giving her talk. ③Our teacher makes us feel (feel) more confident. ④由于独自生活， 那位老人与他的狗为伴。 Living alone, the old man made the dog his friend. Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．express your opinion 表达你的想法 2．humorous plot 幽默的情节 3．the play on words 文字游戏 4．add joy to life 给生活增添乐趣 5．relieve stress and anxiety 缓解压力和焦虑 6．make relationships stronger 使关系更紧密 Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．My English teacher makes/leaves a good impression on us by her rich knowledge and humorous (幽默的) language.(读后续写之人物描写) 2．Your work has shown a significant (显著的，重要的) improvement. 3．They often interact (交流) with each other after school to improve their oral English. 4．一项调查表明人们对于保持健康该吃什么感到困惑。 A survey showed people were confused about what they should eat to stay healthy. 5．我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。 The news that our team had won made us very happy. Ⅲ.阅读下面的对话，根据语境选择最佳选项 (生活中你是否碰到过让你非常尴尬的事情……) M：Hi, Claire.You look a bit unhappy.What's the matter? W：Hi，Steve.Well，it's my dad.You know my mum is always telling me to tidy my bedroom？ 1 I'm so embarrassed.I'm 20 and he's acting as if I'm still a little kid. M： 2 W：Not yet.I'm not going to let him think his plan has been successful.Anyway it's impossible to keep my room tidy all the time because it's so small.I even don't have the room to put my books. M：I'm sure that he just meant it as a joke. 3 W：Of course, but everywhere is so expensive. M： 4 She's found one that she really likes but it's too big for one person so she's trying to find a roommate. W：Really？That sounds perfect.Thanks, Steve. 5 A．But have you thought about finding somewhere else to live? B．You know that my sister has been looking for a new apartment. C．Have you tidied it up now? D．I'll get in touch with her right away. E．Dad has posted a picture of my untidy room on his website. 答案　1－5　ECABD Ⅳ.根据汉语提示完成对话 (Tom和Mary正在谈论Tom喜欢历史老师的原因……) M：1.Why are you so interested in the history class (你为什么对历史课那么感兴趣)? T：Our history teacher Mr.Zhang is 2.really humorous (真的很幽默)． M：Really? But he 3.looks very serious and strict (看起来非常严肃和严厉), like a math teacher. T：No, 4.not at all (一点也不)．The examples he gives are really interesting.And I learn many good history stories from him.There is lots of laughter in his class. M：5.No wonder you like him so much (难怪你那么喜欢他)．I wish he were our history teacher，too. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$