Unit2 Sports and Fitness Section Ⅴ Lesson 3(Word教参)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅴ　Lesson 3 [对应学生用书P71] 原文呈现 Ask Dr.Martin I'm a bit fed up with① getting sick all the time.And I feel awkward② failing PE exams.My friend suggested I should try long­distance running.Do you think it will help? Jeremy,16 years old Hi Jeremy， Thanks for your question.As people often say，any exercise is better than none，but long­distance running in particular③ has a lot of benefits④. It is a great sport for beginners — you do not need a gym membership⑤ or any special equipment⑥.Just a pair of good running shoes will do.Then，keep it up.There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable⑦ of.[1] [1]句中to know yourself and to see what you are capable of为动词不定式作后置定语；其中，what引导宾语从句。 You are also somebody who worries about getting sick.Running will help you get fit and prevent⑧ diseases⑨.It will give you good upper⑩ and lower body strength.Like any exercise，running increases the flow⑪ of blood and oxygen⑫ to your brain.It makes your heart stronger and allows more blood to flow around your body.It also strengthens your immune system and reduces the risk of serious health problems，as well as more common illnesses like colds.Besides，anybody who is feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves up.Even a thirty­minute run will provide relief⑬ from aches⑭ or tension that you may be suffering due to stress.[2] [2]句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词aches or tension，在从句中作宾语，可以省略。 If you are new to running，here is some advice for you — it is important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running，so you do not hurt yourself.A warm­up gets your blood flowing and prepares your body before you exercise.After a long run，you should jog slowly for ten minutes，then walk for five minutes.Such kind of warm­down relaxes your body after exercise. For more guidelines⑮ on running，click⑯ here.I hope this will help! Best Regards， Dr.Martin Three Principles⑰ of Running Do the right amount⑱ .Draw up a training plan that is right for you.There are no shortcuts⑲ —no one can become a long­distance runner overnight⑳ ！Set achievable goals.For example，jogging for only twenty minutes to start with.Make sure you are running the right amount that your heart，muscles and bones can take without getting hurt.[3] [3]句中you are running the right amount that your heart，muscles and bones ...为省略that的宾语从句，宾语从句中又包含that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词amount，在从句中作宾语，可以省略。 Keep running.Running trains your mind as well as your body.There will be times when you want to give up.But hang in there and tell yourself that it will get easier with time.Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realising that all the sweatand hard work were worth it in the end.[4] [4]句中that引导宾语从句。 Don't overdo it.Do not forget to take breaks.Training too much can be bad for your health，so make sure you do not overdo it. 语料积累 ①be fed up with厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的 ②awkward adj.令人尴尬的 ③particular n.尤其；特别adj.特定的；特殊的；挑剔的 in particular尤其，特别 ④benefit n.好处，益处v.获益 ⑤membership n.会员身份 ⑥equipment n.设备，装备 ⑦capable adj.能干的；能力强的 be capable of有能力做 ⑧prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡 ⑨disease n.疾病 ⑩upper adj.较上的，上面的 ⑪flow vi.流，流动n.流动 ⑫oxygen n.氧 ⑬relief n.减轻，缓解 ⑭ache n.隐痛 ⑮guideline n.指导方针，指导原则 ⑯click vi.&vt.点击(鼠标) ⑰principle n.原则，基本的观念 ⑱amount n.数量，数额 ⑲shortcut n.捷径，近路 ⑳overnight adv.突然，一下子 achievable adj.可完成的；做得成的 make sure确保 muscle n.肌肉 bone n.骨头，骨 satisfaction n.满足，满意 sweat n.汗水 overdo vt.把……做得过火 参考译文 问马丁博士 我受够了一直生病。我觉得体育考试不及格很尴尬。我朋友建议我试试长跑。你认为这会有帮助吗？ 杰里米，16岁 嗨，杰里米， 谢谢你的问题。正像人们常说的，任何锻炼总比不锻炼好，但是尤其长跑有很多好处。 这是一项适合初学者的极好的运动——你不需要是一个健身房的会员，也不需要任何特殊的设备，只要一双好的跑鞋就可以了。然后，坚持下去。除此之外，也没有更好的方法来了解你自己以及清楚你自己所擅长的运动了。 你也是一个担心生病的人。跑步可以帮助你保持健康并预防疾病。它会增强你上半身和下半身的力量。和其他运动一样，跑步可以增加大脑的血液和氧气流量。它使你的心脏更强壮，让更多的血液在你的身体里流动。它也会增强你的免疫系统，降低严重健康问题的风险以及减少像感冒等此类更多常见疾病。此外，任何情绪低落的人都可以去跑步来让自己振作起来，即使是30分钟的跑步也可以缓解你可能因为压力而遭受的疼痛或紧张。 如果你是跑步新手。这里有一些建议给你——在跑步前和跑步后适当的热身和降温是很重要的，这样可以避免受伤。热身可以让你的血液流动起来，让你的身体在运动前做好准备。长跑之后，你应该慢跑十分钟，然后步行五分钟。这样的热身运动可以让你在运动后放松自己的身体。 更多关于跑步的指导，点击这里。我希望这对你能有所帮助！ 致以最好的问候， 马丁博士 跑步三原则 适量运动。制定一份适合自己的锻炼计划。没有捷径——没有人能在一夜之间成为长跑运动员！制定可实现的目标。例如，刚开始只慢跑20分钟，要确保在不受伤的情况下，你晚上跑步的量是心脏、肌肉和骨骼能够承受的。 坚持跑步。跑步锻炼你的身体，也锻炼你的思想。有很多时候，你可能想要放弃。但是，坚持下去，告诉自己，随着时间的推移，一切都会变得越来越容易。没有什么比意识到所有的汗水和努力最终都是值得的更让人满足的了。 不要太过。不要忘记休息。训练太多对你的健康有害。所以要确保不要过度锻炼。 [对应学生用书P73] Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．weekly adj.一周一次的，每周的 2．awkward adj.令人尴尬的 3．membership n．会员身份 4．prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡 5．disease n．疾病 6．upper adj.较上的，上面的 7．flow vi.流，流动；n.流动 8．principle n．原则，基本的观念 9．amount n．数量，数额 10．overdo vt.把……做得过火 11．capable adj.能干的； 能力强的 12．guideline n．指导方针，指导原则 13．detail n．细节 拓展单词 1．relieve vt.减轻，缓解→relief n．减轻，缓解 2．strong adj.强大的，强壮的，强有力的→strength n．力气，力量；强项→strengthen vi.& vt.(使)强健 3．benefit n．好处，益处 vi.有益于，得益于→beneficial adj.有益的 4．equip vt.装备→equipment n．设备，装备 5．achieve vt.完成，达到，实现→achievable adj.可获得成功的→achievement n．成就；功绩 6．satisfy vt.使满意，使满足→satisfied adj.满意的，满足的→satisfying adj.令人满意的→satisfaction n．满足，满意 7．particular n．尤其，特别 adj.特定的→particularly adv.尤其地，特别地 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．immune system免疫系统 2．cheer up (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来 3．be fed up with 厌烦的，不满的，无法再忍受的 4．in particular 尤其，特别 5．be capable of 有能力做 6．keep up 继续；保持 7．make sure 确保 Ⅲ.句式语境 1．as引导的非限制性定语从句 正如人们常说的，任何运动都比没有好，但长跑尤其有很多好处。 As people often say，any exercise is better than none，but long­distance running in particular has a lot of benefits. 2．动词的­ing形式作主语 跑步将帮助你保持健康并预防疾病。 Running will help you get fit and prevent diseases. 3．否定的比较级表达最高级含义 没有什么比意识到所有的汗水和辛勤工作最终都是值得的更令人满意的了。 Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realising that all the sweat and hard work were worth it in the end. [对应学生用书P74]Ⅰ.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer. 1．Why did Jeremy write to “Ask Dr.Martin” ? A．Because he often got sick. B．Because he liked long­distance running very much. C．Because he didn't pass the PE exams. D．Because he wanted to be healthy by running. 答案　D 2．What does “feel down”mean in the 3rd paragraph? A.To decrease in amount，number or strength. B．To drop down from a higher level. C.To be in a low spirit. D．To become the duty or responsibility of sb. 答案　C 3．What does “Running trains your mind as well as your body” mean? A．Mind is as good as body. B．Mind can be trained as body. C．Running makes your mind and body stronger. D．Running can make your mind and body trained. 答案　C 4．Where can the article probably come from? A．A textbook. B．A website. C．An advertisement. D．A guide book. 答案　B Ⅱ.Fill in the blanks with right words or phrases according to the passage. Long­Distance Running advantages do not need a gym membership or any special 1.equipment 2.benefits help you get 3.fit，4.prevent diseases，give you good upper and lower body strength，increase the 5.flow of blood and oxygen to the brain，6.strengthen your immune system and 7.reduce the risk of serious health problems，cheer yourself up advice 8.warm up and cool down properly before and after running [重点词汇][对应学生用书P74] 1．in particular尤其，特别 (1)be particular about/over对……讲究/挑剔 (2)particularly adv.　特别地；特定地 [经典佳句] The boy loves science fiction in particular. 这个男孩特别喜欢科幻小说。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She is particular about what she wears. ②Traffic is bad，particularly (particular) in the city centre. ③我的表姐对衣着特别挑剔。 My cousin is very particular about her clothes． 2．benefit n．好处，益处 (1)be of benefit to (doing) sth ...　对……有益/好处 for the benefit of　为……的利益 (2)benefit vt.&vi.　使受益，对(某人)有用；得益于 benefit a lot from ...　从……中受益匪浅 (3)beneficial adj.　有利的，有裨益的 be beneficial to (doing) sth ...　对……有益/好处 [经典佳句] I've had the benefit of a good education. 我得益于受过良好教育。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Everyone benefited a lot from the movie. ②Medical examinations are beneficial (benefit) to our health. ③The reading material is of great benefit to English beginners. ④为了我们子孙后代的利益，我们要保护环境。 We need to preserve the environment for the benefit of our offspring. ⑤做一份兼职有利于开阔你的视野。 Doing a part­time job is beneficial to broadening your horizons． 3．equipment n．设备，装备 (1)equipment n.　设备，装备 a piece of equipment　一件设备 (2)equip v.　配备，装备 equip ...with ...　用……来装备 be equipped with ...　装备/配备着…… equip oneself for sth　 为某事而准备 equip sb to do sth　 使某人准备好做某事 [经典佳句] Their equipment in the factory was in poor condition. 他们工厂的设备状况很差。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①We should equip ourselves with knowledge. ②Every room is equipped (equip) with air conditioning. ③They are equipping themselves for the journey. ④你受得教育将使你谋得好的生计。 Your education will equip you to earn a good living. 4．be capable of有能力做 be capable of (doing) sth 　有能力做某事 be fond of　喜欢 be able to do sth　有能力做某事 [经典佳句] Henry is only capable of office work at the moment.亨利目前只能胜任办公室工作。 [即学活用]—完成句子 ①你知道他能胜任什么工作吗？ Do you know what job he is capable of? ②干这项工作你得会说法语。 You must be able to speak French for the job. ③你喜欢古典音乐吗？ Are you fond of classical music? ④我完全有能力自己做。 I'm perfectly capable of doing it myself. 5．prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡 (1)prevent/stop sb (from) doing sth 　阻止某人做某事 (2)keep sb from doing sth　阻止某人做某事 (3)sb be prevented/stopped/kept from doing sth (from不能省略)　某人被阻止做某事 (4)prevention n.　预防，防范 [经典佳句] Its nationals may be prevented from leaving the country.其公民可能会被阻止离开该国。 keep sb doing sth 的意思是“使某人一直做某事”。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Nothing could keep him from changing his mind. ②There's nothing to prevent you accepting (accept) the offer. ③As the saying goes，prevention (prevent) is better than cure. ④法律禁止他持有执照。 He is prevented by law from holding a license. 6．reduce vt.减少，降低，缩小 (1) reduce ...to　减少到…… reduce ...by　减少了…… reduce ...from ...to ...　从……减少到…… (2)reduction n.　减少，降低 [经典佳句] Joe had to reduce his speed on the highway because of a light rain. 由于下了场小雨，乔不得不在公路上减慢了车速。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She reduced her weight by five kilograms. ②The new subway should reduce travelling time from two hours to 40 minutes. ③There has been some reduction (reduce) in unemployment. ④过去一年里，各项费用已经减少了20%。 Costs have been reduced by 20% over the past year. 7．relief n．减轻，缓解 (1)to one's relief　使某人欣慰的是 It is a relief to do ...　做……是令人欣慰的事 in/with relief　如释重负；松了口气 (2)relieved adj.　感到宽慰的 feel relieved　感到宽慰 (3)relieve vt.　减轻，缓和，解除 relieve sb of ...　解除某人……方面的负担 [经典佳句] To their relief，they had found their lost child. 令他们欣慰的是，他们找到了他们丢失的孩子。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①If you feel a sense of relief (relieve)，you feel happy. ②My assistant relieved me of all the paperwork. ③The passengers all sighed with/in relief when the plane finally landed safely. ④If you don't feel relieved (relief) you may test the car again. ⑤能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了。 It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it. 8．amount n．数量，数额 (1)an amount of/amounts of　一笔；许多，大量 (2)amount vi.　总计，共计 amount to　总计；相当于 [经典佳句] You'll receive a bill for the full amount. 你将收到一张全额的账单。 　 an amount of/amounts of后只跟不可数名词；其加不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与amount的单复数形式保持一致。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①They gave me some help in the beginning but it did not amount to much. ②The server is designed to store huge amounts (amount) of data. ③A large amount of damage has (have) been done to the local environment in a short time. ④据说他每年挣的钱多达100万元。 His earnings are said to amount to one million yuan per year. 9．make sure 确保 (1)make sure后面接的成分可以是of/about sth 或that从句，但一般不跟不定式。 (2)be sure of/about　确信…… be sure that...　确信…… be sure to do...　务必/一定/必定做 for sure　肯定，确切地 [经典佳句] We can't make sure of your safety if you act without permission. 如果你擅自行动，我们不能确保你的安全。 [即学活用]—完成句子 ①我们确保把学生在校园里照顾好。 We make sure (that)we take good care of the students on campus. ②为保证搞到座位他早早就到了电影院。 He arrived at the cinema early to make sure of a seat. [重点句型][对应学生用书P77] 1. As people often say，any exercise is better than none，but long­distance running in particular has a lot of benefits. 正像人们常说的，锻炼总比不锻炼好，但是长跑尤其有很多好处。 [句式分析] 本句是由关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作宾语。 as引导非限制性定语从句时，从句位置比较灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末，这是其他关系词所不具备的用法。意为“正如……一样”。 [经典佳句] He is from the south，as we can know from his accent.我们从他说话的口音判断，他来自南方。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①As everyone knows，China is a beautiful country with a long history. ②As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month. ③John got defeated in the game，as had been expected. ④正如预期的那样，李明在比赛中获得了一等奖。 As is expected，Li Ming got the first prize in the competition. 2．Running will help you get fit and prevent diseases. 跑步可以帮助你保持健康并预防疾病。 [句式分析] 本句的主语是动名词running。动名词相当于名词，在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语等。 和动词不定式一样，动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 [经典佳句] Helping the people in need in our community is my duty.帮助社区有需要的人是我的责任。 (1)动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 (2)动名词作主语时谓语动词常常使用第三人称单数。 (3)动名词作主语可以用it作形式主语，常见句型有： It is no use/no good/no fun/a waste of time doing sth 做某事没有用/没有好处/没有趣/是在浪费时间。 It is useless/worthwhile doing sth 做某事是没有用的/是值得的。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Reading (read) English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good. ②It is no use crying (cry) over spilt milk. ③沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是既有趣又有益的经历。 Travelling along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience． ④在交通高峰期开车是很累人的。 Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring． ⑤和他争论是在浪费时间。 It's a waste of time arguing with him． 3．Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realising that all the sweat and hard work were worth it in the end. 没有什么比意识到所有的汗水和努力最终都是值得的更让人满足的了。 [句式分析] 本句采用了否定比较级结构。 本句中否定词nothing与比较级more连用，表示最高级的含义。 [经典佳句] What a wonderful novel！I have never read a more moving one.多么好的一本小说啊！我从未读过比这更感人的了。 [即学活用]—单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier (happy) than I was. ②The weather couldn't be worse (bad). ③我再同意你不过了。 I couldn't agree with you any more． ④我从来没有经历过比这更令人担忧的一天了。 I have never spent a more worrying day． [对应学生用书P79] Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．健康问题 health problems 2．感到尴尬 feel awkward 3．有许多的好处 have a lot of benefits 4．增强免疫力strengthen the immune system 5．降低……的风险 reduce the risk of 6．跑步前后 before and after running 7．合适的量 the right amount 8．训练计划 a training plan Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．This magazine comes out weekly(每周). 2．These people lack all understanding of scientific principles(原则). 3．In a strange way，his affair caused our relationship to strengthen(巩固). 4．谁最可能因那老妇人之死而获益呢？ Who is most likely to benefit from the old lady's death? 5．我们必须采取有效措施防止当地村民砍伐森林里的树木。 We must take effective measures to prevent local villagers from cutting down the trees in the forest. [对应知能达标训练P25] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Click (点击) your mouse and the message can be sent to your friend in a second. 2．First you should set a goal which can be achievable (可获得成功的) at the moment. 3．As we know，every traveler to a foreign country feels awkward(尴尬的) at some point. 4．Daisy had one of her upper (上面的) teeth pulled out last Sunday. 5．With an oxygen (氧气) tank fastened on his back，Larry dived into the ocean. 6．Some people dream of becoming famous overnight (突然). 7．Along with other systems (系统)，the body clock controls the sleep/wake cycle. 8．A person who seldom exercises is more likely to have disease than one who exercises regularly (定期地). 9．The company plans to give away some equipment (设备) to the village school. 10．My mother gave me a hug and I could see satisfaction(满意) in her eyes. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Mr.Hawking took some medicine to relieve (relief) the pain in his head. 2．The river flows into the East Sea in the east of the city. 3．Getting up early is beneficial (benefit) to our health. 4．The England team won the football match，as is expected. 5．The lecture was not particularly (particular) interesting. 6．The number of students was reduced (reduce) from 40 to 35. 7．You can't prevent people from saying what they think. 8．Animals in the zoo have lost the capability (capable) to catch food for themselves. 9．I am only too glad to accept(accept)your kind invitation. 10．I have invited our friends to cheer you up! Ⅲ.完成句子 1．学习而不实践是没好处的。 It is no good learning without practice. 2．你有能力比这做得更好。 You are capable of doing it better than this. 3．正如人们常说的那样，熟能生巧。 As people often say，practice makes perfect. 4．我对小说感兴趣，尤其是对侦探小说感兴趣。 I am interested in stories，and in detective stories in particular． 5．确保你的车没有挡住他们的门口。 Make sure that your car is not blocking their doorway. Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Long­distance running has a lot of benefits.1.In particular，it is a great sport for beginners，because you needn't be a membership of a gym and do not need any special 2.equipment(equip).It is a good way 3.to know(know)yourself and understand 4.what you are capable of. Running can help you be 5.healthy(health)and prevent diseases.It can increase the flow of blood and oxygen to your brain and also can make your heart 6.stronger(strong).It also can strengthen your immune system and reduce the risk of 7.getting(get)health problems.Long running can cheer you 8.up and make you 9.relieve(relief)from any aches or tension because of stress. If you are a beginner for running，it is important to warm up and cool down properly before and after running to avoid 10.hurting(hurt)yourself.After a big run，you should not stop immediately. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$