专题 03 阅读理解期中必刷20篇 【考题猜想】-2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期中考点大串讲（人教版2019必修第一册）

高一上学期期中考点大串讲 阅读理解期中必刷20篇 一、阅读理解 （23-24高一上·浙江台州·开学考试）Chinese taikonauts Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu, and Gui Haichao will carry out the Shenzhou-16 spaceflight mission, and Jing will be the commander (指挥长), the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) announced at a press conference on Monday. Jing, a senior spacecraft pilot, will become the country’s first taikonaut to go into space for the fourth time. He was in the Shenzhou-7 mission in 2008 and commanded the Shenzhou-9 and Shenzhou-11 crews (船员) in 2012 and 2016. Zhu and Gui are set to their first trip to space. Born in 1986, they are members of China’s third group of taikonauts. Zhu will work as a spaceflight engineer in the Shenzhou-16 mission. He will work with commander Jing to control the spacecraft and carry out technical tests. Gui, a civilian taikonaut and a spectacled professor at Beijing-based Beihang University, will work as a payload scientist in China’s Tiangong space station. Compared to previous crews, the Shenzhou-16 are three male astronauts from different career backgrounds, including aircraft pilot, flight engineer and payload specialist. “This is the first crewed mission with three types of taikonauts,” said Lin Xiqiang, deputy director of the CMSA． Although the fresh crew has a 20-year age gap, the three have worked together very well. “We have gotten along like a family,” said Jing when the three met the press on Monday. The Shenzhou-16 crewed spaceship will be launched at 9:31 a.m. Tuesday (Beijing Time) from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. It will be the first crew mission after China’s space station program entered the stage of application and development. 1．This will be Jing’s ______ time work as the commander. A．first. B．second. C．third. D．fourth. 2．What is special about the crews in Shenzhou-16? A．They are all male. B．They are all brave. C．They have different jobs. D．They have huge age gap. 3．What is the significance (意义) of Shenzhou-16 crewed spaceship launch? A．It improves China’s spaceship launch technology. B．It begins a new stage in China’s space exploration. C．It provides useful experience for the crew members. D．It encourages young generation to explore the space. （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）As more and more books become movie adaptations, I can’t help but think how this will affect English classes in America. Thinking back to my years in middle and high school—ten years ago, I would be rewarded if I read a number of classics. Today, a majority of those books are also rearranged into movies: Life of Pi, The Great Gatsby, Much Ado About Nothing and Anna Karenina, to name but a few. Even modern books such as The Hunger Games and Harry Potter have been adapted for the big screen. In discussion with my students, I often hear them say they are not going to read books because movies will come out soon, which makes me wonder what effect movie adaptations have on modern-day students. Will the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) encourage them to read books more carefully or to use movies to improve their understanding of the text? The CCSS require students to provide text-based evidence when they are reading and discussing a book. By focusing on such evidence, teachers can pull specific details from a book that may have been cut when the book was adapted for the big screen. For instance, after reading and watching The Hunger Games — there were a number of details from the book that were missing from the movie — many people were disappointed with Rue’s meek (温顺的) movie role. A student who failed to read The Hunger Games would not quite understand Rue’s impact on the games in the same way as someone who had read the book and remembered all the details about her death. I am not saying the CCSS will stop students from cutting corners, but I believe if teachers use the support the CCSS provide, it can be a great roadway to ensure all students are digging deeply into texts and not just pressing the play button. 4．Ten years ago, what did students in America do? A．They were fond of reading all kinds of novels. B．They were forbidden to discuss movies in class. C．They were not allowed to watch movies in the cinema. D．They were encouraged to read many literature works. 5．How can movie adaptations affect modern-day students? A．They spend less time in studying. B．They can’t understand English texts. C．They spend less time in reading. D．They discuss movies more frequently. 6．What can we learn from the third paragraph? A．The Hunger Games is the worst movie adaptation. B．It is a waste of time reading and discussing a book in class. C．Movie adaptations may bring trouble in understanding the books. D．Rue’s impact on the games is perfectly presented in the movie. 7．According to the text, what can we know about the CCSS? A．They may prevent students watching movies. B．They may provide students with well-known movies. C．They may encourage students to write novels. D．They may provide guidance on teaching and learning. （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）It’s a warm summer afternoon. You’re cooking up the catch of the day over a campfire. Suddenly, a few raindrops fall on your arms, and before you know it, the sky opens up. Then you hear what sounds like thunder in the distance. What should you do? Your tent is close by and would offer shelter (庇护) from the pouring rain. There’s a campsite picnic shelter a few minutes down the path. And then you remember that your car is parked down the road. What’s your safest choice to make sure you and your families are safe?    It’s a common question for many hikers and campers, especially when they are camping during summer months. Heading to your car is almost always the safest choice. On the one hand, your tent and a picnic shelter will keep you dry, but they offer little or no protection against lightning. Your car, on the other hand, will keep you dry and protect you from lightning strikes. Protecting yourself against possible lightning strikes is very important; lightening kills an average of 62 people in the US each year. If you keep all of the windows and doors closed in your car, you’ll be able to return to your campsite safely. Of course, if you’re going backpacking (背包旅行), not car camping, and you’re deep in the woods, your car won’t be a good choice. So, what should you do if your car is far away and there’s no other safe shelter nearby? First, you’ll have to make sure that tree branches or other objects don’t fall on you or your campsite. Then you’ll have to get in a safe position to avoid lightning, or flash flood conditions. What else should you do? 8．To avoid lightning in a storm, you’d better________. A．go into your tent quickly B．cook up the catch of the day over a campfire C．run into a campsite picnic shelter at once D．get into your car and return to your campsite later 9．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．Young people like backpacking best. B．Lightning is dangerous for campers. C．Car camping is a good choice for deep woods. D．Camping during summer is very popular. 10．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．It is important to learn to protect yourself when camping. B．Backpacking is not a good choice for campers. C．People should never camp deep in the woods. D．People should not go camping alone. 11．What is the passage mainly about? A．The meaning of camping. B．How to live through a storm when camping. C．How to travel safely. D．Car camping is the safest. （23-24高一上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）When Mary Schulz returned to her classroom after months of depending on online learning because of the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒大流行), the Rockwell, Iowa, teacher said she could tell her students were missing the in－person interaction. “We’d become so used to seeing each other in the morning and greeting each other at the door. We were always giving each other hugs or high fives or a handshake,” Schulz said. “That had been our thing.” “When we came back, we hadn’t seen each other in so long and the students just wanted to reach out, you could see it, ” she said of having to wear face masks and stay socially distanced during the pandemic. “It was just kind of awkward (令人尴尬的).” After one week of school, Schulz came up with a solution (解决办法). She tasked each of her 20 third－grade students with coming up with a socially distanced greeting they could do with her each day at the front door of the classroom for weekend homework. Each day since then, Schulz, a teacher of 30 years, has welcomed each of her students to school with their personalized greeting. “I do see a connection now,” said Schulz. “If I’m not at that door in the morning, they stand and wait for me.” The kids’ hellos differ from one another, including a quiet wave, a ballet dancer’s curtsy (a formal greeting), making a heart with hands, and a foot－to－foot greeting, according to Schulz. Even kids who are not in Schulz’s homeroom have created their own greetings to do with her each morning. “We’re just trying to have some normalcy (常态) through some fun things, ” she said. “It’s made me happy too.” Schulz said of her video that had got lots of likes, “Something that I thought was pretty simple has really amazed me in how it’s reached all over the world and brought happiness to so many people. Right now, I think that’s what we need.” 12．What was the students’ problem when they returned to school at first? A．They couldn’t stay focused in class. B．They couldn’t recognize their classmates. C．They couldn’t greet their teachers as before. D．They couldn’t get used to sitting in the classroom. 13．What might the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The students wished for body contact. B．The students were unwilling to shake hands. C．The teachers felt awkward about social distancing. D．The teachers had difficulties in managing students. 14．What do we know about the socially distanced greetings? A．They were invented by Schulz. B．They became the school’s new rule. C．They included only hand movements. D．They were popular among the students. 15．Which of the following can best describe Schulz? A．Experienced and strict. B．Positive and caring. C．Brave and creative. D．Funny and honest. （23-24高一上·云南保山·阶段练习） Universal Beijing Resort (度假区) This is a fascinating theme park with the best universal rides, shows and attractions from around the world. You can play in these areas: The Magic World of Harry Potter, Transformers, Kung Fu Panda Land, Hollywood Water World, Minion Land (小黄人) and Jurassic World (侏罗纪世界). Its one-day ticket will follow a four-tiered pricing (四级票价) way: • Low Season tickets 418 RMB: weekdays in Spring, Fall and Winter; • Mid-Season tickets 528 RMB: weekends in Spring, Fall and Winter; • High Season tickets 638 RMB: Opening Month some holidays; • Special Season tickets 748 RMB: May Day, National Day, Spring Festival an Summer Holiday. • Opening time: 9: 00 a. m. — 9: 00 p. m. You can click here https: //www.universalbeijingresort.com/ for more information. 16．If a couple wants to go to the resort during weekdays in Fall, they should pay ______. A．836 RMB B．1,056 RMB C．1,276 RMB D．1,496 RMB 17．Which of the following is NOT available for visiting the Universal Beijing Resort? A．At 10: 00 a. m. B．At 1: 00 p. m. C．At 8: 30 p. m. D．At 9: 30 p. m. 18．Where can you find this text? A．In a magazine. B．In a novel. C．In a website. D．In a brochure. （23-24高一上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other. War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed?” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder. The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, sobbing. Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t notice Kate had sat up. She was watching, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.” Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on. 19．What made Kate so angry one evening? A．She couldn’t find her books. B．She heard the author shouting loud. C．She got the news that her grandma was ill. D．She saw the author’s shoes beneath her bed. 20．The author tidied up the room most probably because ________. A．she was scared by Kate’s anger B．she hated herself for being so messy C．she wanted to show her care D．she was asked by Kate to do so 21．How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed? A．By analyzing causes. B．By showing differences. C．By describing a process. D．By following time order. 22．What might be the best title for the story? A．My Friend Kate B．Hard Work Pays Off C．How to Be Organized D．Learning to Be Roommates （24-25高一上·全国·单元测试）Nowadays more and more young athletes are taking part in the risky activities called “extreme sports” or “X-sports”. In the past young athletes would play baseball. Today, they want risk and excitement — the closer to the edge, the better. They snowboard over cliff (悬崖) and hike deep mountains. Extreme sports started as an alternative to more expensive sports such as golf. A city kid who couldn’t afford expensive sports equipment could get a skateboard and have fun. But now it has become a whole new area of sports, with specialized equipment and high levels of skill. There is even an Olympics for extreme sports, called the winter x-game, which includes snow mountain hiking and ice climbing. What makes extreme sports so popular? Maybe it’s because people love the risk. City people want to be outdoors on the weekends and do something challenging. The new equipment is so much better that people can take more risks without getting hurt. Sure there’s a risk. Once you go mountain hiking or snowboarding, it’s impossible to go back to have riding or skiing. It’s just too boring. Now even the older crowd is starting to join in. Every weekend, groups of friends in their early 30s get together. On weekdays they work as computer programmers in the same office. On weekends they hike mountains together. Extreme sports are certainly not for everyone. Most people still prefer to play basketball or watch sports on TV. But it has been a fact that extreme sports are gaining popularity. 23．Extreme sports started as an alternative to more expensive sports because________. A．people didn’t like to play golf B．some city kids couldn’t afford expensive sports equipment C．there is an Olympics for extreme sports D．extreme sports are gaining popularity 24．To have extreme sports, you should ________. A．have specialized equipment and high levels of skill B．be very young at age C．do snow mountain hiking and ice climbing D．afford expensive sports equipment 25．The author gives the example of the computer programmers in the same office to show________. A．young people love risks B．they can’t afford golf C．they don’t like to play basketball or watch sports on TV D．extreme sports are gaining popularity 26．The main idea of this passage is ________. A．extreme sports are certainly not for everyone B．the benefits and costs of extreme sports C．the development of extreme sports D．what makes extreme sports so popular （22-23高一上·重庆·期末）Despite being one of the most famous and most-visited attractions in the United States, Grand Canyon National Park still holds some surprises. Here are a few facts about the Grand Canyon you probably don’t know. We don’t really know how old it is It has long been believed that the Colorado River began carving the Grand Canyon about 6 million years ago, but a study contained a real shocker, suggesting that the process may have begun as far back as 70 million years. In all likelihood, the Grand Canyon as we know it today started out as a series of smaller canyons 70 million years ago, but the majority of the canyon did not begin to take shape until much more recently. The Grand Canyon creates its own weather Of all Grand Canyon facts, this one is pretty cool — no pun (双关语) intended. Sudden changes in elevation (海拔) have great effects on temperature and rainfall, so the weather you’re experiencing could change largely depending on where you are in the Grand Canyon. The coldest, wettest weather station in the area is the Bright Angel Ranger Station on the North Rim, while the hottest (and one of the driest) is just 8 miles away at Phantom Ranch. There are lots of fossils in the area While the dinosaurs might have missed out on seeing the Grand Canyon, lots of other fossils have been found that suggest other creatures often visited the area. They range from ancient marine fossils dating back 1.2 billion years to fairly recent land mammals that left their remains in canyon caves about 10,000 years ago. Fish are relatively uncommon in the area Prior to modern flood control measures, the Colorado River provided a uniquely difficult habitat for fish, with heavy silt, frequent floods, and temperatures ranging from extreme heat in summer to sub-freezing in winter. As a result, only eight fish species are native to the Grand Canyon, six of which are found nowhere outside of the Colorado River. 27．What is the weather like in the Great Canyon? A．It is pretty cool. B．It is extremely hot. C．It is unusually cold. D．It changes from place to place. 28．Why are fish relatively unusual in the area? A．It has a special geological phenomenon. B．The temperature here is relatively stable. C．It offers tough habitats for fish with extreme temperature. D．There are eight fish species unique to the world. 29．Which section of a magazine is the text most likely from? A．Geography. B．Life. C．Stories. D．Science. （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）Food festivals around the world Stilton Cheese Rolling May Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include cheese rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors’ lane (跑道). Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones). All the competitors are served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment to Stilton cheeses. Fiery Foods Festival — The Hottest Festival on Earth Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addiction — food that is not just spicy, but hot enough to make your mouth burn, your head spin and your eyes water. Their destination is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three days every March. You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepper — officially the hottest pepper in the world—or any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one thing's forsure — if you don’t like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isn't for you! La Tomatina — The World’s Biggest Food Fight On the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bunol hosts La Tomatina — the world’s largest food fight. A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes — official fight-starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd. The battle lasts little more than half an hour, during which around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes are thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back. Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends again—and for a much-needed wash! 30．What can we learn about competitors in the Stilton cheese rolling competition? A．They must kick or throw their cheese. B．They must wear various formal clothes. C．They must roll a wooden cheese in their own lane. D．They must use a real cheese weighing about four kilos. 31．Where is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival held? A．In New Mexico. B．In the Caribbean. C．In Australia. D．In China. 32．How long does the celebration of La Tomatina last? A．Three days. B．Seven days. C．Less than three days. D．More than seven days. （23-24高一上·浙江台州·开学考试）Inostrancevia is a kind of animal that lived in northern Russia 253 million years ago. But scientists recently found the remains of the terrible animal in the ancient rock of South Africa, thousands of miles away. It seems Inostrancevia traveled thousands of miles, heading south in search for better hunting grounds. The story of how this long-fanged animal arrived at such a distant place is not a story of predatory (捕食者的) success, but the last fight of an animal trying to avoid the worst extinction (灭绝) in Earth's history. The Siberian Traps, volcanoes in prehistoric Russia, were erupting (喷发) at that time, causing about 70 percent of land animal species to disappear. These eruptions produced a lot of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, which lowered the amount of oxygen in the air. Animals had to either adapt or move to avoid extinction, as the environments were changing so quickly. “At the time Inostrancevia took over in South Africa as top predator, there were still large plant-eating animals for them to feed on,” says scientist Pia Viglietti. But finally changes to plants led to the extinction of the plant-eating animals, which also marked the end for Inostrancevia, too. The discovery changes what scientists thought about Earth’s worst ecological disaster. Finding many predators that tried to get a claw-hold before going extinct suggests there were more reasons behind their struggle. 33．What did scientist recently discover in South Africa? A．A large plant-eating animal. B．A 253-million-year-old rock. C．The remains of Inostrancevia. D．Prehistoric volcanoes in Russia. 34．Why did Inostrancevia travel so far? A．To find more food. B．To take over South Africa. C．To get more oxygen. D．To fight against volcanoes. 35．What is the direct cause of Inostrancevia’s extinction? A．Too little oxygen. B．The lack of food. C．Increases in temperature. D．Fights between animals. （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）Chinese New Year has been welcomed in Britain with its biggest ever program of event sand celebrations. From London’s Trafalgar Square to major cities across Britain, tens of thousands of British people have joined Chinese communities to celebrate the arrival of the New Year. In Manchester there was a Dragon Parade (舞龙表演), led by a very impressive 54-meter long dragon, ending in Chinatown where there was traditional  Chinese entertainment, more than 6,000 lanterns, street food villages and a fireworks show. Celebrations also took place in Liverpool, Birmingham, Durham, Edinburgh, Leeds and Newcastle. Academic Dr Wu Kegang said that the Chinese New Year event in Britain “is now bigger than ever and it is growing every year”. When Wu arrived in Britain 26 years ago from Guangdong, the first thing he noticed was that Chinese New Year was celebrated mainly in towns and cities with big Chinese communities. “You would go to London Chinatown and join your countrymen to celebrate, or to Chinatowns in places like Liverpool and Manchester for events almost only held for Chinese people,” Wu recalled. “Now it is so different, and we are seeing local communities all over the country taking part, alongside their own Chinese populations,” he said. “It is clear to me that the celebrations will continue to grow in Britain. Chinese New Year has earned its place in the calendar of events in Britain, and is here to stay.” 36．What can we know about Chinese New Year celebrations from Paragraph 2? A．A Dragon Parade was held in Trafalgar Square. B．The 54-meter long dragon started from Chinatown. C．One thousand British people have joined the celebration. D．Many cities in Britain held activities to welcome Chinese New Year. 37．How was Chinese New Year celebrated in Britain 26years ago? A．It was celebrated mainly by Chinese communities. B．It was celebrated by local communities all over the country. C．It was only celebrated in London, Liverpool and Manchester. D．It was celebrated by tens of thousands of British people with Chinese people. 38．How will Chinese New Year develop in Britain according to Dr Wu? A．It will lose its attraction. B．It will become a British official holiday. C．More and more British people will join in the celebrations. D．It will become one of the most important events in Britain. 39．What does this passage mainly tell us? A．How Chinese New Year is celebrated in Britain. B．Where Chinese New Year is celebrated in Britain. C．Chinese culture is more attractive than British culture. D．Chinese New Year has become more and more popular in Britain. （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）Six scientists received some good news: they were being treated to an eight-month, all free trip to Hawaii. There was just one little difficulty: they would be spending all eight months living under Mars-like conditions to simulate (模拟) a mission to the planet. They carried out their own research projects, as NASA researchers watched to see whether they would develop cabin fever (幽闭烦躁症), a feeling of upset and impatience when people have been inside for too long. The mission is in the hope of better understanding life on Mars. For the mission, surfing, fresh air and sunshine were all off the menu. During the eight months, the scientists had to live together in just 1, 300 square feet of living space, built on the side of the Mauna Loa (a volcano). Whenever they wanted to take a short walk outside their “house”, they had to put on a 40-pound spacesuit. As if to make things even tougher, showers were limited to eight minutes each week. Perhaps it should not be overly surprising that with the six having now completed their mission, they said re-entering the outside world was “a big joy”. One possible reason why the six survived could be found in their blogs. The mission commander, Ms Lenio, said she learnt to play an instrument and improved her French. Another scientist, Sophie Milam, excitedly posteda model boat made out of sticks by herself. But it wasn’t all fun. About halfway through the mission, bad weather left them unable to use their solar-powered batteries. They had to gather closely together for warmth and limit energy use to just the important systems. Ms Lenio said, “If we had really been on Mars, that would have been life or death.” Luckily, it did seem that the scientists had succeeded in avoiding cabin fever—Ms Lenio referred to her partners as “lovely people”. 40．Why does the author mention a trip to Hawaii in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce the special mission. B．To describe the easy life of scientists. C．To tell us Hawaii is popular among visitors. D．To show Hawaii is a perfect place to do research. 41．What can we learn from the scientists’ blogs? A．Life on “Mars” was always colorful. B．They did what they liked to kill time. C．They were hopeless during the mission. D．They learned something from each other. 42．What do Ms Lenio’s words in Paragraph 5 mean? A．They wouldn’t meet the problem on Mars. B．The result would have been more serious on Mars. C．Ms Lenio felt lucky to survive the mission. D．The mission was actually meaningless. 43．What may be the best title of the text? A．Scientists prove living on Mars is possible B．Scientists learn a lot during their trip to Mars C．Six scientists’ trip to Hawaii simulates a mission to Mars D．Six scientists successfully complete their mission on Mars （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）England has been the birthplace of most of the great English-language plays written throughout history. Most of the plays in England that are truly famous have something in common. They usually come from a playwright (剧作家) with several famous plays.William Shakespeare William Shakespeare is considered the most famous British playwright. Shakespeare has written a large number of tragedies, comedies and history plays, and each category includes some of the most famous plays ever written. Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, Othello and King Lear are all tragedies and performed in theaters around the world every year. His famous comedies include A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Much Ado About Nothing. In the category of history plays, Richard Ⅲ and Henry Ⅴ are very famous.Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw Several hundred years after Shakespeare, English people began to enjoy the works of Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw. Wilde’s plays are still popular now, and The Importance of Being Earnest is both performed and studied extremely frequently. A Woman of No Importance and An Ideal Husband are among his other famous works. Shaw and Wilde were both born in the 1850s, but Shaw was a much more productive writer. His most famous plays include Pygmalion and Candida. Shaw’s plays are loved so much that a theater company is devoted to performing his work in Niagara-on-the-Lake in Ontario.Harold Pinter The plays of Harold Pinter certainly have an international presence. His writing was so widely recognized for its importance that he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2005. Pinter is especially known for his style of writing. Many of his plays such as Betrayal, The Dumb Waiter and his first play, The Room, are extremely well known. 44．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To advise us to spend more time enjoying plays. B．To explain why England has so many wonderful plays. C．To tell us about some famous British playwrights and their works. D．To tell us the differences among some British playwrights. 45．What do the works in the underlined part in Paragraph 2 have in common? A．They are all Shakespeare’s early works. B．They are all tragedies written by Shakespeare. C．They are all Shakespeare’s famous comedies. D．They all belong to the category of history plays. 46．Which of the following plays were most probably written in the same period of time? A．The Dumb Waiter and A Woman of No Importance. B．Richard Ⅲ and A Woman of No Importance. C．An Ideal Husband and Candida. D．Candida and Betrayal. （23-24高一上·江苏南京·阶段练习）A California-based nonprofit is searching to build an AI language that allows humans more deeply understand non-human languages to help change our ecological impact on our Earth. Aza Raskin is the co-founder and president of the Earth Species Project (ESP), a non-profit that uses a form of artificial intelligence (AI) to translate non-human languages. ESP wants to use its machine learning technology to translate and make this vital information widely available (可得到的) to the public. Raskin emphasized their goal to help conservation by explaining, “The end we are working towards is, can we decode animal communication, discover the non-human language. Along the way and equally important is that we are developing technology that supports biologists and conservation now,” ESP believes that understanding languages can help deepen our relationship with animals and allow us to more efficiently protect them. In the past, understanding the communication of animals was based on long and boring observation. From primate calls of alarms to dolphin whistles, scientists have been fascinated by the different forms of non-human communication present in these animals. With the development of new technologies, researchers have now begun to understand the huge amounts of data available through machine learning. Elodie Briefer, an associate professor at the University of Copenhagen, has recently helped co-develop a pig grunt analyzing software that helps scientists understand whether the pigs are expressing positive or negative emotions. In contrast, ESP is approaching decoding differently, by focusing on all species, not just one. The Earth Species Project believes that there is a likelihood that social species communicate with each other, for instance, whales and dolphins. Although the Earth Species Project believe that understanding AI machine learning data is only one step to full communication, they are hopeful that one day we will be able to understand entire systems of communication. 47．According to Aza Raskin, the goal of Earth Species Project is ________. A．to develop flee advanced AI technology for everyone B．to communicate with animals such as whales and dolphins C．to provide information of animal species for the public D．to help conserve animals by understanding their languages 48．According to the article, the methods scientists have used to discover the communication of animals do NOT include ________. A．spending a lot of time observing animal communications B．using a form of artificial intelligence to translate animal languages C．developing a software to analyze a pig’s emotions through its grunts D．playing recordings of animal sounds to communicate with other social animals 49．Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the article? A．ESP aims to provide free translation service for the public through advanced artificial intelligence technologies. B．Machine learning has made it possible for researchers to understand huge amount of data about animal communication. C．Elodie Briefer has helped develop a software which is exactly what ESP needs to decode animal language. D．Researchers in the Earth Species Project believe that all species on earth can communicate with one another. 50．What is probably the best title for the text? A．Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on Society B．The Ambition of Earth Species Project C．AI Technology Helps Understand Animal Languages D．Save the Animals and Their Languages （23-24高一上·江苏南京·阶段练习）During the school year, Kacer works about 10 hours a week, juggling his job with school and cheerleading practice. But he hopes to pick up more shifts (轮班) this summer to earn extra spending money and to help his family save for his college tuition. Across the country, lawmakers are supprting new legislation (立法) that would allow teens like Kacer to do just that — by loosening some child labor protections at the state level. Ohio and other states, for example, have proposed bills that would permit teens — with their parents’ permission — to work later at night, even on school days. In some states, such as Iowa and Minnesota, legislation would allow teens to take jobs in a wider range of industries, including construction. As businesses started reopening after the global crisis, many adults left low-wage jobs for better-paying ones. “Adult workers no longer want this crazy low-wage service job that has a ludicrous (荒唐的) schedule, few benefits, and rude customers,” Alicia Sasser Modestino, a labor expert who studies the youth workforce, told reporters, “so employers suddenly turned to youth.” Some experts say there are benefits to increasing work opportunities for young people. For starters, many teens must work in order to help their families make ends meet. A recent study also found that students with part-time jobs are more likely to earn higher wages in the future compared with classmates who don’t work. Plus, experts add, working teens are likely to spend more, which helps the economy. In addition, having a job instills responsibility in teens and could even lead to an eventual career. But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. They say teens working later at night raises safety concerns, such as how they will get home. And, they add, some jobs that lawmakers want to open to teens could put young people at risk of injury or death. Charlie Wishman, president of the Iowa Federation of Labor, is against his state’s bill that would allow some teens to work in manufacturing (制造业) and meatpacking facilities. “Child labor should be limited and safe,” he told reporters. “Let kids be kids. There are plenty of job opportunities right now for kids to gain experience and learn responsibility without putting them in danger.” In addition, some parents and educators worry that if teens devote more time to work, their education will suffer. Research shows that working more than 20 hours a week during the school year can tire young people out and leave less time for studying. While states continue to debate changing their child labor laws, there is one thing that many people agree on: The country’s labor shortage, they say, could be largely solved if more employers offered better pay and benefits to adults. 51．What is the article mainly about? A．Whether Kacer should pick up more shifts this summer. B．How to solve labor shortage in manufacturing industry. C．Whether youth should be given more job opportunities. D．Why people disagree with changing the child labor laws. 52．Why do employers hire more teenagers after the global crisis? A．Because teenagers need to work to save money for further study. B．Because economic recovery creates new jobs suitable for teenagers. C．Because young employees can better cope with rude customers. D．Because adults turn to higher-paying jobs with better environment. 53．Which statement is NOT TRUE according to Paragraph 4? A．Teens without work may earn less than their peers in the future. B．Working teens contribute to economic growth by saving wages. C．Young people can help support their families through working. D．Teenagers can learn to be responsible from working experience. 54．Which harmful effect of allowing teenagers to work more is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 5? A．Heavy work will leave students little time to explore interests. B．Going home late after work will pose a risk to kids’ safety. C．Students will gain working experience at the cost of study. D．Teenagers can get injured in dangerous work environment. 55．What is the author’s attitude towards loosening child labor protections? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Neutral. D．Indifferent. （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）Dr. Nancy Roman, born in 1925, who was known as a pioneer for female scientists and had advanced the launch of the Hubble Space Telescope (望远镜), died in December 2018. When Nancy Roman asked for permission to take an algebra (代数) course in high school, a teacher demanded to know “what girl would take mathematics instead of Latin”. In college, a professor admitted that he often tried to prevent women from majoring in physics but Roman stuck to it. Roman received a doctor’s degree in astronomy from the University of Chicago in 1949. And in 1959, Dr. Roman became the first Chief of Astronomy (天文学) at NASA Headquarters, a role that made her one of the agency’s first female leaders. During her career, Dr. Roman spent much of her time helping develop, fund and promote technology that would help scientists see more clearly beyond Earth’s atmosphere. But her most well-known work was perhaps leading the design of the Hubble Space Telescope—the first major telescope to be sent into space for the purpose of gathering photographs and data from the universe. She was, therefore, named as “Mother of Hubble”. “She made it possible to get the early telescope up into space to learn what needed to be learned,” said science historian Bob Zimmerman, “and her hard-nosed nature helped get the telescope built.” The telescope was not launched until 1990, a little more than a decade after Dr. Roman retired, but when it did, its photographs of the universe thrilled the world. “I am glad, "she once said,” I ignored the people who told meth at I could not be an astronomer.” 56．What can we conclude from the teacher’s reaction in Paragraph 2? A．The teacher doubted it. B．The teacher accepted it at once. C．The teacher didn’t care about it. D．The teacher was strongly against it. 57．What was the most famous achievement of Nancy Roman’s work? A．She was one of the founders of NASA． B．She proved the black hole really existed. C．She was the first female astronomer in the world. D．She led the design of the Hubble Space Telescope. 58．When did Dr. Nancy Roman probably retire? A．In 1969. B．In 1979. C．In 1990. D．In 2000. 59．Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A．Nancy Roman and NASA B．The Hubble Space Telescope C．Nancy Roman—the “Mother of Hubble” D．Nothing Can Stop a Determined Heart （23-24高一上·江苏南京·阶段练习）Thank you. Thank you all. I’m here to plant a seed today. A seed that will inspire you to move forward in life with enthusiastic hearts and a clear sense of wholeness. You are the vanguard (先锋) of knowledge and consciousness, a new wave in a vast ocean of possibilities. On the other side of that door, there’s a world starving for new ideas, new leadership. I’ve been out there for the past 30 years. She’s a wild cat! She’ll rub up against your leg and purr until you pick her up and start petting her. And then out of nowhere, she'll swat (猛击) you in the face. Sure it’s rough sometimes but that’s OK. Now fear is going to be a player in your life, but you get to decide how much. You can spend your whole life imagining ghosts, worrying about the pathway to the future, but all there will ever be is what’s happering here, and the decisions we make in this moment, which are based in either love or fear. Many of us choose our path out of fear disguised as practicality. What we really want seems impossibly out of reach and ridiculous to expect from ourselves. So we never dare to ask the universe for it. I’m saying, I’m the proof that you can ask the universe for it. Please！ My father could have been a great comedian, but he didn’t believe that was possible for him. So, he made a conservative choice. Instead, he got a safe job as an accountant. When I was 12 years old, he was let go from that job and our family had to do whatever we could to survive. I learned many great lessons from my father, not the least of which was that you can fail at what you don’t want so you might as well take a chance doing what you love. Your job is not to figure out how it’s going to happen for you, but to open the door in your head. When the door opens in real life, just walk through it. Don’t worry if you miss your cue (暗示) because there are always different doors that will open for you. And they'll keep opening. I make a conscious choice to see challenges as something beneficial so that I can deal with them in the most productive (富有成效的) way. You’ll come up with your own style. That’s part of the fun. Oh, and why not take a chance on faith as well? Take a chance on faith. Not religion, but faith. Not hope, but faith. I don’t believe in hope. Hope is a beggar. Hope walks through the fire and faith leaps over it. You are ready and able to do beautiful things in this world. And after you walk through those doors today, you will only ever have two choices, love or fear. Choose love, and don’t ever let fear turn you against your playful heart. Thank you so much. I'm so honored. Thank you. 60．The target audience for this speech are probably ________. A．brave soldiers B．young graduates C．likely customers D．successful businessmen 61．Why does the speaker compare the outside world to a wild cat in paragraph 2? A．To show that the outside world thirsts for new ideas and leadership. B．To show that the outside world is filled with dangers and difficulties. C．To show that the outside world is ever-changing and unpredictable. D．To show that the outside world rewards people who answer its needs. 62．The speaker’s intention in sharing the story of his father is to ________. A．criticize his father for not being able to provide a good life for the family B．encourage the audience to take chances and pursue what they love C．suggest passions matter more than practicality in building successful careers D．advise the audience to give up safe careers in favor of riskier pursuits 63．The rhetorical devices used in the underlined sentences in paragraph 6 include ________. ①simile    ②metaphor    ③repetition ④rhetorical question    ⑤personification    ⑥oxymoron A．①②③④ B．①③⑤⑥ C．②③④⑤ D．②④⑤⑥ （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）“Twelve years ago, I was a professional dancer and black belt in taekwondo (跆拳道) when a disease went undiagnosed and wiped out my muscular system. I finally ended up on life support in intensive care unit with organ failure,” Kaufman recalled. “I went from living this big life to not knowing how I was going to survive. Fortunately, on my birthday in 2009, I received a new heart and was given a second chance of life!” After volunteering in Los Angeles hospitals, Kaufman started the non-profit organization, Ava’s Heart. She and her organization offered transplant patients services that were often not covered by insurance, including food, gas, co-pays on medicines, and housing. “What I found out was that if you didn’t have post-transplant housing, you couldn’t get listed and admitted into the hospital,” Kaufman said. She learned that for the nearly110,000 people in the US waiting for a lifesaving organ transplant, it was not just a matter of adding their name to the list. Patients must be financially secure and be able to afford transportation. What’s more, they must find accommodations near their transplant hospital. Kaufman runs two housing locations, which allow the patients to remain close to their transplant hospital during the period of their aftercare, typically about three months at no cost. Her organization also helps donor families, which she thinks make the whole circle complete.” One organ donor can save eight lives and then there’s tissue and skin and eye sand blood vessels (血管) and so many other things,” Kaufman said. “The donor is the whole story. Without the donor, there are no transplant centers, no transplant surgeons, and no me. In my eyes, the donors are the heroes.” To date, Ava’s Heart has helped nearly 90 families with burial costs for their loved ones whose organs have saved lives. Kaufman also works to build relationships between receivers and donor families and spread awareness of the importance of organ donation. 64．Why did Kaufman talk about her memory in Paragraph 1? A．To illustrate the significance of life. B．To recall her plain and boring days. C．To indicate her motivation for paying back. D．To confirm her enthusiasm for the profession. 65．For a transplant patient, admission into the hospital requires ________. A．secure finance B．health insurance C．sufficient community service hours D．working experience in the hospital 66．Which of the following best describes Kaufman? A．Brave and caring. B．Grateful and warm-hearted. C．Considerate and hardworking. D．Sympathetic and easy-going. 67．What message does the text mainly convey? A．It’s better to give than to receive. B．Health matters much more than wealth. C．The blessed should bear the heart of giving. D．Volunteering makes the world a better place. （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）I was born and raised in England in a culture where respecting other people’s privacy and “keeping yourself to yourself” were valued. Speaking to strangers was not encouraged. People were most hospitable (好客的) and friendly. However, I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US, where I found traditions of hospitality and politeness very different. I experienced Italian hospitality first-hand on a crowded railway carriage travelling from Genoa to Florence. Sinking gratefully into an empty seat, I was scolded in rapid Italian by a gentleman who was returning to the seat — it had not been “spare” after all, so I apologized in English, and got up to allow him back into the seat. The gentleman obviously had no understanding of the English language, but he realized my sincere apology. He smiled and gestured for me to remain in the seat, and he himself remained standing in the corridor for the rest of the journey. The other passengers smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome among them. I feel that if this had been in England, a foreigner who made a mistake would not always be so kindly treated. Transport also showed the differences between the English and American culture. I flew to New York on a plane with mainly English passengers. We sat together in near silence. Nobody spoke to me nor, as I expected, to anyone else they did not know. They felt it was not polite to interrupt someone else’s privacy. However, when I travelled across the US, whether by plane or Greyhound bus, I was never short of conversation. Conversation was going on all around me and whoever sat next to me was happy to introduce themselves and ask me about myself. They obviously felt it would have been rude not to speak to another person, whether they were strangers or not. 68．What do we know about the passengers when the author was travelling in Italy? A．They were all on the side of the gentleman. B．They all laughed at the author for his mistake. C．They would not bear a mistake like the author’s in public. D．They all showed their understanding of the author’s mistake. 69．What does the underlined word “scolded” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Shouted. B．Surprised. C．Praised. D．Blamed. 70．Why did English passengers sit in near silence according to the last paragraph? A．Everybody was deeply lost in thought. B．They were all strangers to each other. C．Respecting privacy was valued in England. D．They were too tired to speak to anyone. 71．What can be the best title for the text? A．Understand Each Other B．The Importance of Privacy C．Different Ways of Hospitality and Politeness D．My Unforgettable Travelling Experience Abroad （23-24高一上·四川绵阳·期中）Previous studies have suggested children who spend their days looking out of the window instead of paying attention may be among the cleverest pupils. The latest study, however, suggests in the long run constantly daydreaming will leave children struggling to keep up with their peers. Dr Agnieszka Graham, a lecturer in applied developmental psychology at Queen’s University Belfast, said, “In school, often children can get in trouble for mind wandering. It is sometimes viewed as a sign of disrespect or misbehavior if they are not paying attention.” The study, conducted by Queen’s University Belfast, is the first to deal with the impact of so-called “mind wandering” on learning in young children. The researchers played a story about a fictional pharaoh (法老) in ancient Egypt to 97 children aged 6-11 and asked them a question every two minutes to check if they were paying attention. The study found that mind wandering had a significant impact on learning, as children who daydreamed the most remembered less about the story. The researchers discovered the children’s minds wandered a quarter of the time, and they could not help it. According to the study, daydreaming during a classroom-style listening activity is not only common but also harmful to memory in children. And because the impact of daydreaming is so clear, teachers should consider how they teach young children to reduce mind wandering. However, the research has found children, like adults, are unable to fully concentrate all the time; it’s likely that their minds will wander several times in a typical school day. The findings show that further exploring the causes and consequences of mind wandering in these early years at school could provide a solid foundation for developing interventions (干预), which will help children find out when their attention drifts away from the present task and refocus their attention. 72．Why did Queen’s University Belfast conduct the study? A．To improve children’s memory. B．To learn a story about ancient Egypt. C．To check children’s attention in class. D．To research the influence of mind wandering. 73．What might the researchers advise teachers to do? A．Help with further research. B．Help children concentrate. C．Reduce their own mind wandering. D．Work harder while teaching young. 74．What does the underlined word drifts in the last paragraph mean? A．Breaks. B．Remains. C．Moves. D．Sticks. 75．What’s the author’s attitude to children’s mind wandering? A．Concerned. B．Supportive. C．Uninterested. D．Unclear. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．C 2．C 3．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国神舟十六号载人飞船任务的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Chinese taikonauts Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu, and Gui Haichao will carry out the Shenzhou-16 spaceflight mission, and Jing will be the commander (指挥长), the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) announced at a press conference on Monday.”（中国载人航天局（CMSA）在周一的新闻发布会上宣布，中国航天员景海鹏、朱杨柱和桂海潮将执行神舟16号航天飞行任务，景海鹏将担任指挥长。）以及第二段中的“He was in the Shenzhou-7 mission in 2008 and commanded the Shenzhou-9 and Shenzhou-11 crews (船员) in 2012 and 2016.”（他参加了2008年的神舟七号任务，并于2012年和2016年指挥神舟九号和神舟十一号机组人员。）可知，这将是景海鹏第三次担任指挥官。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Compared to previous crews, the Shenzhou-16 are three male astronauts from different career backgrounds, including aircraft pilot, flight engineer and payload specialist.”（与之前的船员相比，神舟十六号的三名男航天员来自不同的职业背景，包括飞行员、飞行工程师和有效载荷专家。）可知，神舟十六号的船员的特别之处在于他们有不同的职业。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It will be the first crew mission after China’s space station program entered the stage of application and development.”（这将是中国空间站计划进入应用和发展阶段后的首次载人任务。）可知，神舟十六号载人飞船发射的意义在于它开启了中国太空探索的新阶段。故选B。 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．D 【导语】本文的体裁是说明文。本文主要介绍越来越多的书籍被改编成电影对美国学生阅读习惯的影响，以及CCSS在其中的作用。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thinking back to my years in middle and high school—ten years ago, I would be rewarded if I read a number of classics. (回想我在初中和高中的岁月——十年前，如果我读了一些经典作品，我就会得到奖励。)”可知，十年前，美国的学生被鼓励阅读许多文学作品。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In discussion with my students, I often hear them say they are not going to read books because movies will come out soon, which makes me wonder what effect movie adaptations have on modern-day students. (在与学生的讨论中，我经常听到他们说他们不打算读书了，因为电影即将上映，这让我想知道电影改编对现代学生有什么影响。)”可知，现代学生因为电影即将上映而减少了阅读时间。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“By focusing on such evidence, teachers can pull specific details from a book that may have been cut when the book was adapted for the big screen.  For instance, after reading and watching The Hunger Games — there were a number of details from the book that were missing from the movie — many people were disappointed with Rue’s meek (温顺的) movie role.  A student who failed to read The Hunger Games would not quite understand Rue’s impact on the games in the same way as someone who had read the book and remembered all the details about her death. (通过关注这些证据，教师可以从书中提取出在改编成大银幕时可能被删减的具体细节。例如，在阅读和观看了《饥饿游戏》之后——书中有许多细节在电影中缺失了——许多人对Rue的温顺电影角色感到失望。一个没有读过《饥饿游戏》的学生不会像一个读过《饥饿游戏》并记得她死亡的所有细节的人那样理解Rue对游戏的影响。)”可知，电影改编可能会导致学生在理解书籍时遇到麻烦。故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I am not saying the CCSS will stop students from cutting corners, but I believe if teachers use the support the CCSS provide, it can be a great roadway to ensure all students are digging deeply into texts and not just pressing the play button. (我并不是说CCSS会阻止学生走捷径，但我相信如果老师们利用CCSS提供的支持，它可以成为一个很好的途径，以确保所有的学生都深入挖掘文本，而不仅仅是按下播放按钮。)”可知，CCSS为教学和学习提供了指导。故选D。 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了户外露营遭遇暴风雨时可采取的安全躲避的方法。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段“On the one hand, your tent and a picnic shelter will keep you dry, but they offer little or no protection against lightning. Your car, on the other hand, will keep you dry and protect you from lightning strikes.(一方面，你的帐篷和野餐帐篷会让你保持干燥，但它们对雷击的保护很少或根本没有。另一方面，你的车会让你保持干燥，保护你免受雷击。)”可知，为了在暴风雨中避免闪电，你最好待在车里，故选D。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Protecting yourself against possible lightning strikes is very important; lightening kills an average of 62 people in the US each year.(保护自己免受雷击是非常重要的；美国每年平均有62人死于雷击。)”可知，闪电对露营者来说很危险，故选B。 10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Of course, if you’re going backpacking (背包旅行), not car camping, and you’re deep in the woods, your car won’t be a good choice. So, what should you do if your car is far away and there’s no other safe shelter nearby? First, you’ll have to make sure that tree branches or other objects don’t fall on you or your campsite. Then you’ll have to get in a safe position to avoid lightning, or flash flood conditions. What else should you do?(当然，如果你是背包旅行，而不是汽车露营，而且你在树林深处，你的车就不是一个好的选择。那么，如果你的车离得很远，附近又没有其他安全的避难所，你该怎么办呢？首先，你必须确保树枝或其他物体不会砸到你或你的营地。然后你必须找到一个安全的位置，以避免闪电或山洪暴发的情况。你还应该做什么呢？)”可推知，露营时学会保护自己是很重要的，故选A。 11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段“Then you hear what sounds like thunder in the distance. What should you do?(然后你听到远处有雷鸣般的声音。你应该怎么做？)”和第二段中“ It’s a common question for many hikers and campers, especially when they are camping during summer months.(对于许多徒步旅行者和露营者来说，这是一个常见的问题，尤其是当他们在夏季露营时)”可知，本文主要介绍了户外露营遭遇暴风雨时可采取的安全躲避的方法。所以B选项“露营时如何度过暴风雨”符合题意，故选B。 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了疫情期间，一位老师每天与学生用他们自创的方式打招呼。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段“When Mary Schulz returned to her classroom after months of depending on online learning because of the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒大流行), the Rockwell, Iowa, teacher said she could tell her students were missing the in-person interaction. (由于新冠病毒大流行，Mary Schulz几个月来一直依赖在线学习，当她回到教室时，这位爱荷华州罗克韦尔的老师说，她可以知道她的学生们想念面对面的互动。)”以及第二段““We’d become so used to seeing each other in the morning and greeting each other at the door. We were always giving each other hugs or high fives or a handshake,” Schulz said. “That had been our thing.” (Schulz说：“我们已经习惯了早上见面，在门口互相问候。我们总是互相拥抱、击掌或握手”。“那是我们做的事。”)”可知，学生们返校后遇到的问题是不能像以前一样问候老师了。故选C。 13．词句猜测题。根据第二段““We’d become so used to seeing each other in the morning and greeting each other at the door. We were always giving each other hugs or high fives or a handshake,” Schulz said. “That had been our thing.” (Schulz说：“我们已经习惯了早上见面，在门口互相问候。我们总是互相拥抱、击掌或握手”。“那是我们做的事。”)”以及第三段“When we came back, we hadn’t seen each other in so long and the students just wanted to reach out, you could see it (当我们回来时，我们已经很久没见面了，学生们只是想伸出手，你可以看到它)”可知，此处表示可以看到学生想要伸出手，it指代的是学生渴望与老师接触(拥抱、举手击掌、握手)。故选A。 14．推理判断题。根据第六段“If I’m not at that door in the morning, they stand and wait for me. (如果我早上不在那扇门前，他们就会站着等我。)”、第七段“The kids’ hellos differ from one another, including a quiet wave, a ballet dancer’s curtsy (a formal greeting), making a heart with hands, and a foot-to-foot greeting, according to Schulz. (据Schulz介绍，孩子们的问候各不相同，包括安静的挥手、芭蕾舞演员的屈膝礼（正式的问候）、用手做心形手势和脚对脚的问候。)”以及第八段“Even kids who are not in Schulz’s homeroom have created their own greetings to do with her each morning. (即使是不在Schulz班里的孩子，每天早上也会为她创造自己的问候。)”可知，Schulz的学生每天等着跟她用各种自创的方式打招呼，就连其他班的学生也加入这一行列，由此可推知，这种打招呼方式很受学生们欢迎。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据第一段“When Mary Schulz returned to her classroom after months of depending on online learning because of the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒大流行), the Rockwell, Iowa, teacher said she could tell her students were missing the in-person interaction. (由于新冠病毒大流行，Mary Schulz几个月来一直依赖在线学习，当她回到教室时，这位爱荷华州罗克韦尔的老师说，她可以知道她的学生们想念面对面的互动。)”、第四段“After one week of school, Schulz came up with a solution (解决办法). (开学一周后，舒尔茨想出了一个解决方案。)”、最后一段“Something that I thought was pretty simple has really amazed me in how it’s reached all over the world and brought happiness to so many people. Right now, I think that’s what we need. (我认为很简单的东西真的让我感到惊讶，它是如何传播到世界各地的，并为这么多人带来了幸福。现在，我认为这就是我们需要的。)”以及文章内容可知，Schulz关注到学生的苦恼和不适应，随后积极想办法解决，最终达到了很好的效果。由此可推知，她积极乐观且关心他人。故选B。 16．A 17．D 18．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了北京环球影城的相关内容。 16．细节理解题。根据“Low Season tickets 418 RMB: weekdays in Spring, Fall and Winter(淡季票418元：春天，秋天，冬天的工作日)”可知，秋天工作日票价418，所以一对夫妇要付836 RMB。故选A。 17．细节理解题。根据“Opening time: 9: 00 a. m. — 9: 00 p. m.(开放时间：上午9：00至晚上9：00。)”可知，游客不可以在晚上九点三十去参观北京环球影城。故选D。 18．推理判断题。根据“You can click here https: //www.universalbeijingresort.com/ for more information. (你可以点击这里https：//www.universalbeijingresort.com/ 获取更多信息)”可知，这篇文章来源于网络。故选C。 19．D 20．C 21．B 22．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和室友凯特相处的一些事情。 19．细节理解题。根据第二段“Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed?”(很快，我听到她尖叫道：“把你的鞋子拿走！为什么在我床底下？”)”可知，那天晚上，凯特非常生气的原因是她看到作者的鞋子在她床下。故选D。 20．推理判断题。根据第三段“All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.(突然，一种温暖的同情之情在我心中升起)”可以推断出， 作者主要是想通过收拾房间这种行为表达对凯特的关心。故选C。 21．推理判断题。根据第一段“I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.(我从来都不太整洁，而我的室友凯特却非常有条理。她的每件东西都有自己的位置，但我的东西总是藏在某个地方。她甚至把每样东西都贴上标签。我总是寻找一切。随着时间的推移，凯特变得更整洁，而我变得更凌乱。她把我的脏衣服推开，我把书放在她整洁的桌子上。我们都厌倦了对方)”可知，该段主要通过对比的方式说明两个人在生活习惯方面的巨大差异。故选B。 22．主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.(我们并不总是意见一致，但我们学会了共同生活的关键：让步、清理和坚持)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者和室友凯特相处的一些事情。故D选项“学会成为室友”最符合文章标题。故选D。 23．B 24．A 25．D 26．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述的是极限运动的兴起和发展。 23．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Extreme sports started as an alternative to more expensive sports such as golf. A city kid who couldn’t afford expensive sports equipment could get a skateboard and have fun.(极限运动最初是作为高尔夫等更昂贵运动的替代品。一个买不起昂贵运动器材的城市孩子可以买一个滑板，玩得很开心。)”可知，极限运动一开始是昂贵运动的替代品，因为一些城市的孩子买不起昂贵的运动器材。故选B项。 24．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“But now it has become a whole new area of sports, with specialized equipment and high levels of skill.(但现在它已经成为一个全新的运动领域，有专门的设备和高水平的技术。)”可知，要进行极限运动，你应该有专门的设备和高水平的技能。故选A项。 25．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Now even the older crowd is starting to join in. Every weekend, groups of friends in their early 30s get together. On weekdays they work as computer programmers in the same office. On weekends they hike mountains together.(现在，就连年纪较大的人群也开始加入进来。每个周末，一群30岁出头的朋友聚在一起。平日里，他们在同一间办公室里做电脑程序员。周末他们一起去爬山。)”可以推论出，作者以同一办公室的计算机程序员为例是为了说明：极限运动越来越受欢迎。故选D项。 26．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Nowadays more and more young athletes are taking part in the risky activities called “extreme sports” or “X-sports”.(如今，越来越多的年轻运动员参加被称为“极限运动”或“极限运动”的冒险活动)”可知，本文主要讲述的是极限运动的兴起和发展。故选C项。 27．D 28．C 29．A 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国的大峡谷国家公园是美国最著名和最受游客欢迎的景点之一，但仍然有一些鲜为人知的真相。 27．细节理解题。根据文章The Grand Canyon creates its own weather中“Sudden changes in elevation (海拔) have great effects on temperature and rainfall, so the weather you’re experiencing could change largely depending on where you are in the Grand Canyon. (海拔的突然变化对温度和降雨有很大的影响，所以你所经历的天气可能在很大程度上取决于你在大峡谷的位置。)”可知，在不同的位置天气是不同的，大峡谷的天气因地而异。故选D。 28．细节理解题。根据文章Fish are relatively uncommon in the area中“Prior to modern flood control measures, the Colorado River provided a uniquely difficult habitat for fish, with heavy silt, frequent floods, and temperatures ranging from extreme heat in summer to sub-freezing in winter. (在现代洪水控制措施之前，科罗拉多河为鱼类提供了一个独特的困难栖息地，泥沙淤积，洪水频繁，气温从夏季的极端高温到冬季的零下温度。)”可知，鱼类在这个地区相对不常见是因为它为极端温度下的鱼类提供了艰巨的栖息地。故选C。 29．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Despite being one of the most famous and most-visited attractions in the United States, Grand Canyon National Park still holds some surprises. Here are a few facts about the Grand Canyon you probably don’t know. (尽管大峡谷国家公园是美国最著名、游客最多的景点之一，但它仍然有一些惊喜。以下是一些你可能不知道的关于大峡谷的事实。)”可知，本文是关于大峡谷的一些信息，因此本文很有可能来自杂志的地理板块。故选A。 30．C 31．A 32．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国、新墨西哥以及西班牙的几个关于食物的传统节日。 30．细节理解题。根据Food festivals around the world Stilton Cheese Rolling中“Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors’ lane (跑道).”（四人一组，穿着各种奇怪和有趣的衣服，沿着50米长的路线滚动一个完整的奶酪。在比赛途中，他们不得踢腿或扔奶酪，也不得进入竞争对手的跑道。）以及“but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones”（但可以理解的是，比赛中使用的奶酪是木制的）可知，我们能从斯蒂尔顿奶酪滚动比赛中了解到他们必须在自己的跑道上滚一个木制奶酪。故选C项。 31．细节理解题。根据Fiery Foods Festival—The Hottest Festival on Earth中“Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico.”（每年都有超过一万人前往新墨西哥的阿尔伯克基市。）可知，Fiery Food and BBQ这个活动在新墨西哥举行。故选A项。 32．细节理解题。根据La Tomatina—The World’s Biggest Food Fight中“A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events.”（为期一周的庆祝活动最后是激动人心的番茄大战，这是本周活动的重头戏。）可知，La Tomatina这个节日要持续一周。故选B项。 33．C 34．A 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了古生物Inostrancevia迁徙至南非的故事，揭示了其在地球最严重生态灾难中求生的努力及其最终灭绝的原因。 33．细节理解题。根据第一段“Inostrancevia is a kind of animal that lived in northern Russia 253 million years ago. But scientists recently found the remains of the terrible animal in the ancient rock of South Africa, thousands of miles away.(Inostrancevia是2.53亿年前生活在俄罗斯北部的一种动物。但科学家们最近在数千英里外南非的古老岩石中发现了这种可怕动物的遗骸。)”可知，科学家最近在南非发现了Inostrancevia的遗骸。故选C。 34．细节理解题。根据第一段“It seems Inostrancevia traveled thousands of miles, heading south in search for better hunting grounds.(似乎Inostrancevia穿越了数千英里，向南行进以寻找更好的狩猎场。)”可知，Inostrancevia为了寻找更好的狩猎场所而向南旅行，即为了找到更多的食物。故选A。 35．细节理解题。根据第四段““At the time Inostrancevia took over in South Africa as top predator, there were still large plant-eating animals for them to feed on,” says scientist Pia Viglietti. But finally changes to plants led to the extinction of the plant-eating animals, which also marked the end for Inostrancevia, too.(科学家Pia Viglietti说：“当Inostrancevia在南非成为顶级捕食者时，那里仍然有大型食草动物供它们食用。”但最终，植物的变化导致了以植物为食的动物的灭绝，这也标志着Inostrancevia的终结。)”可知，Inostrancevia灭绝的直接原因是缺乏食物。故选B。 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国新年在英国越来越受欢迎。 36．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“From London's Trafalgar Square to major cities across Britain, tens of thousands of British people have joined Chinese communities to celebrate the arrival of the New Year.(从伦敦的特拉法加广场到英国各大城市，成千上万的英国人加入到华人社区庆祝新年的到来。)”可知，从第二段中我们可以了解到英国许多城市都举行了庆祝中国新年的活动。故选D项。 37．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When Wu arrived in Britain 26 years ago from Guangdong, the first thing he noticed was that Chinese New Year was celebrated mainly in towns and cities with big Chinese communities.(26年前，当吴从广东来到英国时，他注意到的第一件事是，中国新年主要在华人聚居的城镇庆祝。)”可知，26年前，当吴博士来到英国时，中国的新年主要由华人社区庆祝。故选A项。 38．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It is clear to me that the celebrations will continue to grow in Britain. Chinese New Year has earned its place in the calendar of events in Britain, and is here to stay.(我很清楚，英国的庆祝活动将继续扩大。中国新年已经在英国的日历上赢得了一席之地，并将继续留在这里。)”可知，吴博士认为中国新年的发展趋势是将有越来越多的英国人将参加庆祝活动。故选C项。 39．主旨大意题。分析全文内容，再根据文章第一段“Chinese New Year has been welcomed in Britain with its biggest ever program of event sand celebrations.(英国举办了有史以来规模最大的庆祝活动来迎接中国新年。)”和最后一段“Chinese New Year has earned its place in the calendar of events in Britain, and is here to stay.(中国新年已经在英国的日历上赢得了一席之地，并将继续留在这里。)”可知，文章主要介绍了中国新年在英国越来越受欢迎。故选D项。 40．A 41．B 42．B 43．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是六名科学家在夏威夷冒纳罗亚火山边一个与世隔绝、靠太阳能电池供电的“船舱”里生活了八个月，完成了夏威夷太空探索仿真模拟实验。 40．推理判断题。根据首段中的“Six scientists received some good news: they were being treated to an eight-month, all free trip to Hawaii. There was just one little difficulty: they would be spending all eight months living under Mars-like conditions to simulate (模拟) a mission to the planet.(六名科学家得到了一些好消息：他们将获得为期八个月的免费夏威夷之旅。只有一个小困难：他们将在类似火星的条件下生活8个月，以模拟前往火星的任务。)”可知，作者以六名科学家去夏威夷度过为期八个月的“假期”为话题，引出了此次在夏威夷冒纳罗亚火山边进行的模拟火星生活的实验。故选A项。 41．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“One possible reason why the six survived could be found in their blogs.(这六人幸存下来的一个可能原因可以从他们的博客中找到。)”以及下文举例的两位科学家所做的事情可知，通过科学家的博客中可以了解到科学家们通过做自己爱好的事来打发时间，度过了为期八个月的“与世隔绝”的生活。故选B项。 42．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“About halfway through the mission, bad weather left them unable to use their solar-powered batteries. They had to gather closely together for warmth and limit energy use to just the important systems. Ms Lenio said, ‘If we had really been on Mars, that would have been life or death.’(大约在任务进行到一半时，恶劣的天气使他们无法使用太阳能电池。它们必须紧密地聚集在一起取暖，并将能源的使用限制在重要的系统上。莱尼奥女士说：“如果我们真的在火星上，那将是生死攸关的时刻。”)”可知，科学家们在此次实验中遭遇了恶劣天气导致的太阳能电池电量不足且生活面临困难的事，由此可知，Ms Lenio所说的“如果我们真的在火星上，那将是生死攸关的时刻。”表明了在真实的火星环境中结果可能会更严重。故选B项。 43．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Six scientists received some good news: they were being treated to an eight-month, all free trip to Hawaii. There was just one little difficulty: they would be spending all eight months living under Mars-like conditions to simulate (模拟) a mission to the planet.(六名科学家得到了一些好消息：他们将获得为期八个月的免费夏威夷之旅。只有一个小困难：他们将在类似火星的条件下生活8个月，以模拟前往火星的任务。)”以及下文中介绍的这六位科学家在模拟火星任务重的情况介绍可知，本文主要介绍的是六位科学家在夏威夷进行的特殊任务——模拟火星生活，由此可知，C项“六名科学家的夏威夷之旅模拟了一次火星任务”与本文内容吻合，概括了本文的主题，所以是最合适的文章标题。故选C项。 44．C 45．B 46．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几个著名的戏剧作家——威廉·莎士比亚、奥斯卡·王尔德、乔治·伯纳德·萧、哈罗德·品特以及他们的作品。 44．推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第一段中“ They usually come from a playwright ( 剧作家 ) with several famous plays.(它们通常来自一位写了几部著名的戏剧的剧作家)”可知，本篇文章介绍了几位著名的戏剧作家——威廉·莎士比亚、奥斯卡·王尔德、乔治·伯纳德·萧、哈罗德·品特以及他们的作品。故选C项。 45．细节理解题。根据William Shakespeare部分中的“Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, Othello and King Lear are all tragedies and performed in theaters around the world every year. (《哈姆雷特》、《麦克白》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《奥赛罗》和《李尔王》都是悲剧，每年都会在世界各地的剧院上演。)”可知，画线部分的戏剧都是由莎士比亚写的悲剧。故选B项。 46．推理判断题。根据Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw部分中“A Woman of No Importance and An Ideal Husband are among his other famous works. (《无足轻重的女人》和《理想的丈夫》是他的其他著名作品之一。)”及“Shaw and Wilde were both born in the 1850s, but Shaw was a much more productive writer. His most famous plays include Pygmalion and Candida. (萧伯纳和王尔德都出生于1850年代，但萧伯纳是一位多产的作家。他最著名的戏剧包括《皮格马利翁》和《坎迪德》。)”可知，An Ideal Husband是王尔德的戏剧，而Candida是萧伯纳的戏剧，Oscar Wilde和George Bernard Shaw都出生于1850年代，因此他们的作品An Ideal Husband和Candida很可能是在同一时期创作的，故选C项。 47．D 48．D 49．B 50．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了帮助改变人类对地球环境的影响，一家总部位于加州的组织正在寻找一种人工智能语言，让人们深入理解非人类语言。 47．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Aza Raskin is the co-founder and president of the Earth Species Project (ESP), a non-profit that uses a form of artificial intelligence (AI) to translate non-human languages.(Aza Raskin是地球物种项目(ESP)的联合创始人兼总裁，这是一家使用人工智能(AI)翻译非人类语言的非营利组织)”以及第三段中“Raskin emphasized their goal to help conservation by explaining, ‘The end we are working towards is, can we decode animal communication, discover the non-human language. Along the way and equally important is that we are developing technology that supports biologists and conservation now,’(Raskin强调了他们帮助保护动物的目标，他解释说：‘我们努力的最终目标是，我们能否破译动物的交流，发现非人类的语言。在此过程中，同样重要的是，我们正在开发支持生物学家和保护的技术，’)”可知，地球物种项目的目标是通过了解动物的语言来帮助保护动物的。故选D。 48．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A California-based nonprofit is searching to build an AI language that allows humans more deeply understand non-human languages(总部位于加州的一家非营利组织正在寻找一种人工智能语言，让人类更深入地理解非人类语言)”、第四段中“In the past, understanding the communication of animals was based on long and boring observation.(过去，对动物交流的理解是建立在漫长而枯燥的观察基础上的)”和倒数第二段中“Elodie Briefer, an associate professor at the University of Copenhagen, has recently helped co-develop a pig grunt analyzing software that helps scientists understand whether the pigs are expressing positive or negative emotions.(哥本哈根大学副教授Elodie Briefer最近帮助合作开发了一款猪叫声分析软件，该软件可以帮助科学家了解猪是在表达积极的情绪还是消极的情绪)”可知，科学家用来发现动物交流的方法包括使用某种形式的人工智能来翻译动物的语言、花很多时间观察动物的交流以及开发一种软件，通过猪的咕噜声来分析猪的情绪，未提及“播放动物声音的录音来与其他群居动物交流”。故选D。 49．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“With the development of new technologies, researchers have now begun to understand the huge amounts of data available through machine learning.(随着新技术的发展，研究人员现在已经开始了解通过机器学习可以获得的大量数据)”可知，机器学习使研究人员能够理解大量关于动物交流的数据。故选B。 50．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“A California-based nonprofit is searching to build an AI language that allows humans more deeply understand non-human languages to help change our ecological impact on our Earth.(总部位于加州的一家非营利组织正在寻找一种人工智能语言，让人类更深入地理解非人类语言，以帮助改变我们对地球的生态影响)”可知，文章主要讲述为了帮助改变人类对地球环境的影响，一家总部位于加州的组织正在寻找一种人工智能语言，让人们深入理解非人类语言。C项“人工智能技术帮助理解动物语言”为最佳标题，故选C。 51．C 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲立法者正在为年轻人更多的工作机会，并就其利与弊进行了讨论。 51．主旨大意题。由文章第二段“Across the country, lawmakers are supprting new legislation (立法) that would allow teens like Kacer to do just that --- by loosening some child labor protections at the state level. (在全国范围内，立法者正在支持新的立法，允许像Kacer这样的青少年这样做——通过放松州一级的一些童工保护。)”、第四段“Some experts say there are benefits to increasing work opportunities for young people. (一些专家表示，增加年轻人的工作机会是有好处的。)”和第五段“But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. (但修改法律的批评者担心，这样做可能会让孩子们处于危险之中。)”可知，文章主要就是否应该给年轻人更多的工作机会进行讨论分析。故选C项。 52．细节理解题。由文章第三段“‘Adult workers no longer want this crazy low-wage service job that has a ludicrous (荒唐的) schedule, few benefits, and rude customers,’ Alicia Sasser Modestino, a labor expert who studies the youth workforce, told reporters, ‘so employers suddenly turned to youth.’(研究青年劳动力的劳工专家Alicia Sasser Modestino告诉记者：‘成年工人不再想要这份疯狂的低薪服务工作，这份工作日程安排荒谬，福利少，顾客粗鲁，所以雇主突然转向了年轻人。’)”可知，全球危机后，雇主雇佣了更多的青少年，因为成年人转向了环境更好、薪水更高的工作。故选D项。 53．细节理解题。由文章第四段“Plus, experts add, working teens are likely to spend more, which helps the economy.(此外，专家补充说，有工作的青少年可能会花更多的钱，这有助于经济。)”可知，这里讲青少年花钱有助于经济而不是节约钱有助于经济。所以B项Working teens contribute to economic growth by saving wages.(工作的青少年通过节省工资为经济增长做出了贡献。)与文意不符合。故选B项。 54．细节理解题。由文章第五段“But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. They say teens working later at night raises safety concerns, such as how they will get home. And, they add, some jobs that lawmakers want to open to teens could put young people at risk of injury or death. (但修改法律的批评者担心，这样做可能会让孩子们处于危险之中。他们说，青少年在深夜工作会引发安全问题，比如他们将如何回家。他们补充说，立法者希望向青少年开放的一些工作可能会使年轻人面临受伤或死亡的风险。)”可知，B、D项本段有所提及，再由“In addition, some parents and educators worry that if teens devote more time to work, their education will suffer. Research shows that working more than 20 hours a week during the school year can tire young people out and leave less time for studying.(此外，一些家长和教育工作者担心，如果青少年投入更多时间工作，他们的教育将受到影响。研究表明，在学年期间每周工作超过20小时会让年轻人疲惫不堪，留下更少的学习时间。)”可知，C项本段也有所提及，而A项Heavy work will leave students little time to explore interests.(繁重的工作会让学生几乎没有时间探索兴趣。)本段未提及。故选A项。 55．推理判断题。由文章第四段“Some experts say there are benefits to increasing work opportunities for young people. (一些专家表示，增加年轻人的工作机会是有好处的。)”和第五段“But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. (但修改法律的批评者担心，这样做可能会让孩子们处于危险之中。)”可知，作者从正反面讲述了放松对童工的保护法案的看法，所以作者的态度是中立的。故选C项。 56．A 57．D 58．B 59．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了被称为“哈勃之母”的女科学家Nancy Roman的生平事迹。 56．推理判断题。根据第二段中“When Nancy Roman asked for permission to take an algebra (代数) course in high school, a teacher demanded to know ‘what girl would take mathematics instead of Latin’. (当Nancy Roman要求允许在高中学习代数课程时，一位老师要求知道‘哪个女孩会选数学而不是拉丁语’。)”可知，老师对Nancy申请学习代数课程表示怀疑。故选A项。 57．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But her most well-known work was perhaps leading the design of the Hubble Space Telescope—the first major telescope to be sent into space for the purpose of gathering photographs and data from the universe. She was, therefore, named as “Mother of Hubble”. (但她最著名的工作可能是领导了哈勃太空望远镜的设计，这是第一台被送入太空的大型望远镜，目的是从宇宙中收集照片和数据。因此，她被称为“哈勃之母”。)”可知，Nancy Roman最著名的成就是领导设计了哈勃太空望远镜。故选D项。 58．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The telescope was not launched until 1990, a little more than a decade after Dr. Roman retired, but when it did, its photographs of the universe thrilled the world. (这台望远镜直到1990年才发射升空，也就是Roman博士退休十多年后，但当它发射升空时，它的宇宙照片震惊了世界。)”可知，哈勃望远镜直到1990年才发射，比Roman博士退休晚了十多年，因此她大约在1979年退休。故选B项。 59．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Dr. Nancy Roman, born in 1925, who was known as a pioneer for female scientists and had advanced the launch of the Hubble Space Telescope (望远镜), died in December 2018. (Nancy Roman博士出生于1925年，被称为女科学家的先驱，并推动了哈勃太空望远镜的发射，于2018年12月去世。)”以及第三段中“She was, therefore, named as “Mother of Hubble”. (因此，她被称为“哈勃之母”。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一位杰出的女性科学家Nancy Roman，她对哈勃太空望远镜的研发利用功不可没，被称为“哈勃之母”，C项Nancy Roman—the “Mother of Hubble” (Nancy Roman——“哈勃之母”)最能概括全文，故选C项。 60．B 61．C 62．B 63．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本篇演讲是给年轻人的演讲，主要是为了鼓励现在毕业生于生活有清晰的规划，且能够克服恐惧，热情的前进。 60．细节理解题。根据文章的第二段“You are the vanguard (先锋) of knowledge and consciousness, a new wave in a vast ocean of possibilities. On the other side of that door, there’s a world starving for new ideas, new leadership.（你们是知识和意识的先锋，是浩瀚的可能性海洋中的一股新浪潮。在那扇门的另一边，是一个渴望新想法、新领导的世界。）”可知，这是给毕业生的演讲。A.勇敢的士兵；B.年轻的毕业生；C.可能的客户；D.成功的商人。故选B。 61．细节理解。根据文章第二段“I’ve been out therefor the past 30 years. She’s a wild cat! She’ll rub up against your leg and purr until you pick her up and start petting her. And then out of nowhere, she'll swat (猛击) you in the face. Sure it’s rough sometimes but that’s OK.（她是只野猫!她会摩擦你的腿，呜呜叫，直到你把她抱起来，开始抚摸她。然后不知从哪里冒出来，她会在你脸上拍。当然有时候会很艰难，但没关系。）”可知，此处演讲者，用小野猫来比喻外面的世界，是为了突出外部世界的“不断变化的和不可预测的”。A.为了表明外界对新思想和新领导的渴望；B.表明外面的世界充满了危险和困难；C.为了表明外部世界是不断变化和不可预测的；D.为了表明外部世界会奖励那些满足其需求的人。故选C。 62．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“I learned many great lessons from my father, not the least of which was that you can fail at what you don’t want so you might as well take a chance doing what you love.（我从父亲那里学到了很多重要的东西，其中最重要的是你可能会在你不想要的事情上失败，所以你不妨冒险做你喜欢的事情。）”可知，演讲者鼓励大家去追寻自己喜欢的东西。A.批评他的父亲不能为家庭提供良好的生活；B.鼓励观众去冒险，去追求自己喜欢的东西；C.建议在建立成功的职业生涯中，激情比实用性更重要；D.建议听众放弃安全的职业，选择更冒险的追求。故选B项。 63．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Oh, and why not take a chance on faith as well? Take a chance on faith. Not religion, but faith. Not hope, but faith. I don’t believe in hope. Hope is a beggar. Hope walks through the fire and faith leaps over it. （哦，为什么不试试信仰呢?在信仰上冒一次险。不是宗教，而是信仰。不是希望，而是信念。我不相信希望。希望是一个乞丐。希望走过烈火，信念跃过烈火。）”可知，“Oh, and why not take a chance on faith as well?”用了“反问句”；“Not religion, but faith. Not hope, but faith. I don’t believe in hope.”用了“反复”；“Hope is a beggar.”用了比喻；“Hope walks through the fire and faith leaps over it. ”用了拟人，故选C。 64．C 65．A 66．B 67．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了Kaufman在获得他人的器官捐献而重获新生后成立非营利组织去帮助其他病人的故事。 64．推理判断题。由第一段中的“I went from living this big life to not knowing how I was going to survive. Fortunately, on my birthday in 2009, I received a new heart and was given a second chance of life!”（我从过着美好的生活到不知道该如何活下去。幸运的是，在2009年我生日那天，我收到了一颗新的心脏，获得了第二次生命的机会！）和第二段“After volunteering in Los Angeles hospitals, Kaufman started the non-profit, Ava’s Heart. She and her organization offered transplant patients services that were often not covered by insurance, including food, gas, co-pays on medicines, and housing.”（在洛杉矶医院做志愿者后，考夫曼创办了非营利组织Ava’s Heart。她和她的组织为移植患者提供通常不在保险范围内的服务，包括食物、汽油、共同支付的药物和住房。）可知，第二段及下文都在讲她和她的非营利组织帮助其她病人的事情，这些都是源于第一段她被别人救了，所以第一段提及她的经历是为了表明她偿还（去帮助别人）的动机。故选C项。 65．细节理解题。由第三段中的“Patients must be financially secure and be able to afford transportation. What’s more, they must find accommodations near their transplant hospital. Kaufman runs two housing locations, which allow the patients to remain close to their transplant hospital during the period of their aftercare, typically about three months at no cost.”（患者必须有经济保障，并且能够负担得起交通费用。更重要的是，他们必须在移植医院附近找到住处：考夫曼经营着两个住宿地点，这使得患者在后期护理期间可以留在移植医院附近，通常大约三个月是免费的。）可知，病人必须有经济保障。故选A项。 66．推理判断题。由第二段中的“After volunteering in Los Angeles hospitals, Kaufman started the non-profit organization, Ava’s Heart.”（在洛杉矶医院做志愿者后，考夫曼创办了非营利组织 Ava's Heart。）可知，Kaufman被人帮助后成立了非营利组织去帮助其她病人，可知她感恩、热心。故选B项。 67．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由最后一段“To date, Ava’s Heart has helped nearly 90 families with burial costs for their loved ones whose organs have saved lives. Kaufman also works to build relationships between receivers and donor families and spread awareness of the importance of organ donation.”（迄今为止，Ava’s Heart 已经帮助了近 90 个家庭，为他们的亲人支付了丧葬费用，他们的器官挽救了无数生命。考夫曼还与接受捐赠的人密切合作，与捐赠者家庭建立关系，并传播对器官捐赠重要性的认识。）可知，Kaufman有爱心、懂得感恩，她获得保佑，获得了别人捐赠的器官而重获新生，所以选项C“The blessed should bear the heart of giving.”（有福之人应当有施予之心。）符合题意。故选C项。 68．D 69．D 70．C 71．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的旅行经历说明了不同文化中人们表现“好客”和“礼貌”的方式不一样。 68．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The other passengers smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome among them.(其他乘客对我微笑着点了点头，让我在他们中间感到很受欢迎。)”可知，车厢里的其他乘客都对作者点头微笑，说明他们理解作者的错误，对作者的错误很宽容。故选D。 69．词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“so I apologized in English, and got up to allow him back into the seat”可知，作者道歉说明作者被批评，画线词是“责备”的意思，与blame意为一致。故选D。 70．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They felt it was not polite to interrupt someone else’s privacy.(他们觉得打断别人的隐私是不礼貌的。)”可知，英国乘客都不说话是因为他们国家的传统认为打扰别人的清净是很不礼貌的，因此英国重视尊重别人不受干扰的状态。故选C。 71．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“However, I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US, where I found traditions of hospitality and politeness very different.(然而，我很幸运地在意大利和美国待了一段时间，在那里我发现好客和礼貌的传统非常不同。)”可知，作者通过描述自己在意大利和美国的旅行经历来说明不同文化中人们表现“好客”和“礼貌”的方式不一样。故C项“好客和礼貌的不同方式”切题。故选C。 72．D 73．B 74．C 75．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究表明，走神会影响学生在校的学习表现。 72．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study, conducted by Queen’s University Belfast, is the first to deal with the impact of so-called “mind wandering” on learning in young children.(这项由贝尔法斯特女王大学进行的研究首次探讨了所谓的“走神”对幼儿学习的影响。)”可知，贝尔法斯特女王大学进行这项研究是为了探索走神对幼儿学习的影响。故选D。 73．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And because the impact of daydreaming is so clear, teachers should consider how they teach young children to reduce mind wandering.(由于幻想的影响是如此明显，教师应该考虑如何教幼儿减少走神。)”可知，教师应该考虑如何让幼儿学习减少走神，即帮助幼儿学习集中注意力。故选B。 74．词句猜测题。根据“The findings show that further exploring the causes and consequences of mind wandering in these early years at school could provide a solid foundation for developing interventions(干预), which will help children find out when their attention drifts away from the present task and refocus their attention.(研究结果表明，进一步探索在学校早期走神的原因和后果，可以为制定干预措施奠定坚实的基础，这将有助于儿童发现他们的注意力何时drifts离了当前的任务，并重新集中注意力。)”可知，“their attention drifts away from the present task”和“refocus their attention”表达相反的意思，后者指重新集中注意力，前者应是说注意力从当前任务移开。drift意为“缓缓移动”，与move意思一致。故选C。 75．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The latest study, however, suggests in the long run constantly daydreaming will leave children struggling to keep up with their peers.(然而，最新的研究表明，从长远来看，不断做白日梦会让孩子们难以跟上同龄人的步伐。)”和“In school, often children can get in trouble for mind wandering. It is sometimes viewed as a sign of disrespect or misbehavior if they are not paying attention.(在学校里，孩子们经常会因为走神而遇到麻烦。如果他们不注意，有时会被视为不尊重或不当行为的表现。)”以及第三段中的“According to the study, daydreaming during a classroom-style listening activity is not only common but also harmful to memory in children.(根据这项研究，在课堂式听力活动中做白日梦不仅很常见，而且对儿童的记忆力也有害。)”可知，作者提出了最新研究的观点，其认为走神会影响孩子的学习表现，并讲述了孩子走神时会遭遇的麻烦以及后果，由此可推测出，作者对走神这一问题持关心的态度。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高一上学期期中考点大串讲 阅读理解期中必刷20篇 一、阅读理解 （23-24高一上·浙江台州·开学考试）Chinese taikonauts Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu, and Gui Haichao will carry out the Shenzhou-16 spaceflight mission, and Jing will be the commander (指挥长), the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) announced at a press conference on Monday. Jing, a senior spacecraft pilot, will become the country’s first taikonaut to go into space for the fourth time. He was in the Shenzhou-7 mission in 2008 and commanded the Shenzhou-9 and Shenzhou-11 crews (船员) in 2012 and 2016. Zhu and Gui are set to their first trip to space. Born in 1986, they are members of China’s third group of taikonauts. Zhu will work as a spaceflight engineer in the Shenzhou-16 mission. He will work with commander Jing to control the spacecraft and carry out technical tests. Gui, a civilian taikonaut and a spectacled professor at Beijing-based Beihang University, will work as a payload scientist in China’s Tiangong space station. Compared to previous crews, the Shenzhou-16 are three male astronauts from different career backgrounds, including aircraft pilot, flight engineer and payload specialist. “This is the first crewed mission with three types of taikonauts,” said Lin Xiqiang, deputy director of the CMSA． Although the fresh crew has a 20-year age gap, the three have worked together very well. “We have gotten along like a family,” said Jing when the three met the press on Monday. The Shenzhou-16 crewed spaceship will be launched at 9:31 a.m. Tuesday (Beijing Time) from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. It will be the first crew mission after China’s space station program entered the stage of application and development. 1．This will be Jing’s ______ time work as the commander. A．first. B．second. C．third. D．fourth. 2．What is special about the crews in Shenzhou-16? A．They are all male. B．They are all brave. C．They have different jobs. D．They have huge age gap. 3．What is the significance (意义) of Shenzhou-16 crewed spaceship launch? A．It improves China’s spaceship launch technology. B．It begins a new stage in China’s space exploration. C．It provides useful experience for the crew members. D．It encourages young generation to explore the space. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国神舟十六号载人飞船任务的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Chinese taikonauts Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu, and Gui Haichao will carry out the Shenzhou-16 spaceflight mission, and Jing will be the commander (指挥长), the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) announced at a press conference on Monday.”（中国载人航天局（CMSA）在周一的新闻发布会上宣布，中国航天员景海鹏、朱杨柱和桂海潮将执行神舟16号航天飞行任务，景海鹏将担任指挥长。）以及第二段中的“He was in the Shenzhou-7 mission in 2008 and commanded the Shenzhou-9 and Shenzhou-11 crews (船员) in 2012 and 2016.”（他参加了2008年的神舟七号任务，并于2012年和2016年指挥神舟九号和神舟十一号机组人员。）可知，这将是景海鹏第三次担任指挥官。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Compared to previous crews, the Shenzhou-16 are three male astronauts from different career backgrounds, including aircraft pilot, flight engineer and payload specialist.”（与之前的船员相比，神舟十六号的三名男航天员来自不同的职业背景，包括飞行员、飞行工程师和有效载荷专家。）可知，神舟十六号的船员的特别之处在于他们有不同的职业。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It will be the first crew mission after China’s space station program entered the stage of application and development.”（这将是中国空间站计划进入应用和发展阶段后的首次载人任务。）可知，神舟十六号载人飞船发射的意义在于它开启了中国太空探索的新阶段。故选B。 （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）As more and more books become movie adaptations, I can’t help but think how this will affect English classes in America. Thinking back to my years in middle and high school—ten years ago, I would be rewarded if I read a number of classics. Today, a majority of those books are also rearranged into movies: Life of Pi, The Great Gatsby, Much Ado About Nothing and Anna Karenina, to name but a few. Even modern books such as The Hunger Games and Harry Potter have been adapted for the big screen. In discussion with my students, I often hear them say they are not going to read books because movies will come out soon, which makes me wonder what effect movie adaptations have on modern-day students. Will the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) encourage them to read books more carefully or to use movies to improve their understanding of the text? The CCSS require students to provide text-based evidence when they are reading and discussing a book. By focusing on such evidence, teachers can pull specific details from a book that may have been cut when the book was adapted for the big screen. For instance, after reading and watching The Hunger Games — there were a number of details from the book that were missing from the movie — many people were disappointed with Rue’s meek (温顺的) movie role. A student who failed to read The Hunger Games would not quite understand Rue’s impact on the games in the same way as someone who had read the book and remembered all the details about her death. I am not saying the CCSS will stop students from cutting corners, but I believe if teachers use the support the CCSS provide, it can be a great roadway to ensure all students are digging deeply into texts and not just pressing the play button. 4．Ten years ago, what did students in America do? A．They were fond of reading all kinds of novels. B．They were forbidden to discuss movies in class. C．They were not allowed to watch movies in the cinema. D．They were encouraged to read many literature works. 5．How can movie adaptations affect modern-day students? A．They spend less time in studying. B．They can’t understand English texts. C．They spend less time in reading. D．They discuss movies more frequently. 6．What can we learn from the third paragraph? A．The Hunger Games is the worst movie adaptation. B．It is a waste of time reading and discussing a book in class. C．Movie adaptations may bring trouble in understanding the books. D．Rue’s impact on the games is perfectly presented in the movie. 7．According to the text, what can we know about the CCSS? A．They may prevent students watching movies. B．They may provide students with well-known movies. C．They may encourage students to write novels. D．They may provide guidance on teaching and learning. 【答案】4．D 5．C 6．C 7．D 【导语】本文的体裁是说明文。本文主要介绍越来越多的书籍被改编成电影对美国学生阅读习惯的影响，以及CCSS在其中的作用。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thinking back to my years in middle and high school—ten years ago, I would be rewarded if I read a number of classics. (回想我在初中和高中的岁月——十年前，如果我读了一些经典作品，我就会得到奖励。)”可知，十年前，美国的学生被鼓励阅读许多文学作品。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In discussion with my students, I often hear them say they are not going to read books because movies will come out soon, which makes me wonder what effect movie adaptations have on modern-day students. (在与学生的讨论中，我经常听到他们说他们不打算读书了，因为电影即将上映，这让我想知道电影改编对现代学生有什么影响。)”可知，现代学生因为电影即将上映而减少了阅读时间。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“By focusing on such evidence, teachers can pull specific details from a book that may have been cut when the book was adapted for the big screen.  For instance, after reading and watching The Hunger Games — there were a number of details from the book that were missing from the movie — many people were disappointed with Rue’s meek (温顺的) movie role.  A student who failed to read The Hunger Games would not quite understand Rue’s impact on the games in the same way as someone who had read the book and remembered all the details about her death. (通过关注这些证据，教师可以从书中提取出在改编成大银幕时可能被删减的具体细节。例如，在阅读和观看了《饥饿游戏》之后——书中有许多细节在电影中缺失了——许多人对Rue的温顺电影角色感到失望。一个没有读过《饥饿游戏》的学生不会像一个读过《饥饿游戏》并记得她死亡的所有细节的人那样理解Rue对游戏的影响。)”可知，电影改编可能会导致学生在理解书籍时遇到麻烦。故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I am not saying the CCSS will stop students from cutting corners, but I believe if teachers use the support the CCSS provide, it can be a great roadway to ensure all students are digging deeply into texts and not just pressing the play button. (我并不是说CCSS会阻止学生走捷径，但我相信如果老师们利用CCSS提供的支持，它可以成为一个很好的途径，以确保所有的学生都深入挖掘文本，而不仅仅是按下播放按钮。)”可知，CCSS为教学和学习提供了指导。故选D。 （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）It’s a warm summer afternoon. You’re cooking up the catch of the day over a campfire. Suddenly, a few raindrops fall on your arms, and before you know it, the sky opens up. Then you hear what sounds like thunder in the distance. What should you do? Your tent is close by and would offer shelter (庇护) from the pouring rain. There’s a campsite picnic shelter a few minutes down the path. And then you remember that your car is parked down the road. What’s your safest choice to make sure you and your families are safe?    It’s a common question for many hikers and campers, especially when they are camping during summer months. Heading to your car is almost always the safest choice. On the one hand, your tent and a picnic shelter will keep you dry, but they offer little or no protection against lightning. Your car, on the other hand, will keep you dry and protect you from lightning strikes. Protecting yourself against possible lightning strikes is very important; lightening kills an average of 62 people in the US each year. If you keep all of the windows and doors closed in your car, you’ll be able to return to your campsite safely. Of course, if you’re going backpacking (背包旅行), not car camping, and you’re deep in the woods, your car won’t be a good choice. So, what should you do if your car is far away and there’s no other safe shelter nearby? First, you’ll have to make sure that tree branches or other objects don’t fall on you or your campsite. Then you’ll have to get in a safe position to avoid lightning, or flash flood conditions. What else should you do? 8．To avoid lightning in a storm, you’d better________. A．go into your tent quickly B．cook up the catch of the day over a campfire C．run into a campsite picnic shelter at once D．get into your car and return to your campsite later 9．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．Young people like backpacking best. B．Lightning is dangerous for campers. C．Car camping is a good choice for deep woods. D．Camping during summer is very popular. 10．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．It is important to learn to protect yourself when camping. B．Backpacking is not a good choice for campers. C．People should never camp deep in the woods. D．People should not go camping alone. 11．What is the passage mainly about? A．The meaning of camping. B．How to live through a storm when camping. C．How to travel safely. D．Car camping is the safest. 【答案】8．D 9．B 10．A 11．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了户外露营遭遇暴风雨时可采取的安全躲避的方法。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段“On the one hand, your tent and a picnic shelter will keep you dry, but they offer little or no protection against lightning. Your car, on the other hand, will keep you dry and protect you from lightning strikes.(一方面，你的帐篷和野餐帐篷会让你保持干燥，但它们对雷击的保护很少或根本没有。另一方面，你的车会让你保持干燥，保护你免受雷击。)”可知，为了在暴风雨中避免闪电，你最好待在车里，故选D。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Protecting yourself against possible lightning strikes is very important; lightening kills an average of 62 people in the US each year.(保护自己免受雷击是非常重要的；美国每年平均有62人死于雷击。)”可知，闪电对露营者来说很危险，故选B。 10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Of course, if you’re going backpacking (背包旅行), not car camping, and you’re deep in the woods, your car won’t be a good choice. So, what should you do if your car is far away and there’s no other safe shelter nearby? First, you’ll have to make sure that tree branches or other objects don’t fall on you or your campsite. Then you’ll have to get in a safe position to avoid lightning, or flash flood conditions. What else should you do?(当然，如果你是背包旅行，而不是汽车露营，而且你在树林深处，你的车就不是一个好的选择。那么，如果你的车离得很远，附近又没有其他安全的避难所，你该怎么办呢？首先，你必须确保树枝或其他物体不会砸到你或你的营地。然后你必须找到一个安全的位置，以避免闪电或山洪暴发的情况。你还应该做什么呢？)”可推知，露营时学会保护自己是很重要的，故选A。 11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段“Then you hear what sounds like thunder in the distance. What should you do?(然后你听到远处有雷鸣般的声音。你应该怎么做？)”和第二段中“ It’s a common question for many hikers and campers, especially when they are camping during summer months.(对于许多徒步旅行者和露营者来说，这是一个常见的问题，尤其是当他们在夏季露营时)”可知，本文主要介绍了户外露营遭遇暴风雨时可采取的安全躲避的方法。所以B选项“露营时如何度过暴风雨”符合题意，故选B。 （23-24高一上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）When Mary Schulz returned to her classroom after months of depending on online learning because of the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒大流行), the Rockwell, Iowa, teacher said she could tell her students were missing the in－person interaction. “We’d become so used to seeing each other in the morning and greeting each other at the door. We were always giving each other hugs or high fives or a handshake,” Schulz said. “That had been our thing.” “When we came back, we hadn’t seen each other in so long and the students just wanted to reach out, you could see it, ” she said of having to wear face masks and stay socially distanced during the pandemic. “It was just kind of awkward (令人尴尬的).” After one week of school, Schulz came up with a solution (解决办法). She tasked each of her 20 third－grade students with coming up with a socially distanced greeting they could do with her each day at the front door of the classroom for weekend homework. Each day since then, Schulz, a teacher of 30 years, has welcomed each of her students to school with their personalized greeting. “I do see a connection now,” said Schulz. “If I’m not at that door in the morning, they stand and wait for me.” The kids’ hellos differ from one another, including a quiet wave, a ballet dancer’s curtsy (a formal greeting), making a heart with hands, and a foot－to－foot greeting, according to Schulz. Even kids who are not in Schulz’s homeroom have created their own greetings to do with her each morning. “We’re just trying to have some normalcy (常态) through some fun things, ” she said. “It’s made me happy too.” Schulz said of her video that had got lots of likes, “Something that I thought was pretty simple has really amazed me in how it’s reached all over the world and brought happiness to so many people. Right now, I think that’s what we need.” 12．What was the students’ problem when they returned to school at first? A．They couldn’t stay focused in class. B．They couldn’t recognize their classmates. C．They couldn’t greet their teachers as before. D．They couldn’t get used to sitting in the classroom. 13．What might the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．The students wished for body contact. B．The students were unwilling to shake hands. C．The teachers felt awkward about social distancing. D．The teachers had difficulties in managing students. 14．What do we know about the socially distanced greetings? A．They were invented by Schulz. B．They became the school’s new rule. C．They included only hand movements. D．They were popular among the students. 15．Which of the following can best describe Schulz? A．Experienced and strict. B．Positive and caring. C．Brave and creative. D．Funny and honest. 【答案】12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了疫情期间，一位老师每天与学生用他们自创的方式打招呼。 12．细节理解题。根据第一段“When Mary Schulz returned to her classroom after months of depending on online learning because of the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒大流行), the Rockwell, Iowa, teacher said she could tell her students were missing the in-person interaction. (由于新冠病毒大流行，Mary Schulz几个月来一直依赖在线学习，当她回到教室时，这位爱荷华州罗克韦尔的老师说，她可以知道她的学生们想念面对面的互动。)”以及第二段““We’d become so used to seeing each other in the morning and greeting each other at the door. We were always giving each other hugs or high fives or a handshake,” Schulz said. “That had been our thing.” (Schulz说：“我们已经习惯了早上见面，在门口互相问候。我们总是互相拥抱、击掌或握手”。“那是我们做的事。”)”可知，学生们返校后遇到的问题是不能像以前一样问候老师了。故选C。 13．词句猜测题。根据第二段““We’d become so used to seeing each other in the morning and greeting each other at the door. We were always giving each other hugs or high fives or a handshake,” Schulz said. “That had been our thing.” (Schulz说：“我们已经习惯了早上见面，在门口互相问候。我们总是互相拥抱、击掌或握手”。“那是我们做的事。”)”以及第三段“When we came back, we hadn’t seen each other in so long and the students just wanted to reach out, you could see it (当我们回来时，我们已经很久没见面了，学生们只是想伸出手，你可以看到它)”可知，此处表示可以看到学生想要伸出手，it指代的是学生渴望与老师接触(拥抱、举手击掌、握手)。故选A。 14．推理判断题。根据第六段“If I’m not at that door in the morning, they stand and wait for me. (如果我早上不在那扇门前，他们就会站着等我。)”、第七段“The kids’ hellos differ from one another, including a quiet wave, a ballet dancer’s curtsy (a formal greeting), making a heart with hands, and a foot-to-foot greeting, according to Schulz. (据Schulz介绍，孩子们的问候各不相同，包括安静的挥手、芭蕾舞演员的屈膝礼（正式的问候）、用手做心形手势和脚对脚的问候。)”以及第八段“Even kids who are not in Schulz’s homeroom have created their own greetings to do with her each morning. (即使是不在Schulz班里的孩子，每天早上也会为她创造自己的问候。)”可知，Schulz的学生每天等着跟她用各种自创的方式打招呼，就连其他班的学生也加入这一行列，由此可推知，这种打招呼方式很受学生们欢迎。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据第一段“When Mary Schulz returned to her classroom after months of depending on online learning because of the coronavirus pandemic (新冠病毒大流行), the Rockwell, Iowa, teacher said she could tell her students were missing the in-person interaction. (由于新冠病毒大流行，Mary Schulz几个月来一直依赖在线学习，当她回到教室时，这位爱荷华州罗克韦尔的老师说，她可以知道她的学生们想念面对面的互动。)”、第四段“After one week of school, Schulz came up with a solution (解决办法). (开学一周后，舒尔茨想出了一个解决方案。)”、最后一段“Something that I thought was pretty simple has really amazed me in how it’s reached all over the world and brought happiness to so many people. Right now, I think that’s what we need. (我认为很简单的东西真的让我感到惊讶，它是如何传播到世界各地的，并为这么多人带来了幸福。现在，我认为这就是我们需要的。)”以及文章内容可知，Schulz关注到学生的苦恼和不适应，随后积极想办法解决，最终达到了很好的效果。由此可推知，她积极乐观且关心他人。故选B。 （23-24高一上·云南保山·阶段练习） Universal Beijing Resort (度假区) This is a fascinating theme park with the best universal rides, shows and attractions from around the world. You can play in these areas: The Magic World of Harry Potter, Transformers, Kung Fu Panda Land, Hollywood Water World, Minion Land (小黄人) and Jurassic World (侏罗纪世界). Its one-day ticket will follow a four-tiered pricing (四级票价) way: • Low Season tickets 418 RMB: weekdays in Spring, Fall and Winter; • Mid-Season tickets 528 RMB: weekends in Spring, Fall and Winter; • High Season tickets 638 RMB: Opening Month some holidays; • Special Season tickets 748 RMB: May Day, National Day, Spring Festival an Summer Holiday. • Opening time: 9: 00 a. m. — 9: 00 p. m. You can click here https: //www.universalbeijingresort.com/ for more information. 16．If a couple wants to go to the resort during weekdays in Fall, they should pay ______. A．836 RMB B．1,056 RMB C．1,276 RMB D．1,496 RMB 17．Which of the following is NOT available for visiting the Universal Beijing Resort? A．At 10: 00 a. m. B．At 1: 00 p. m. C．At 8: 30 p. m. D．At 9: 30 p. m. 18．Where can you find this text? A．In a magazine. B．In a novel. C．In a website. D．In a brochure. 【答案】16．A 17．D 18．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了北京环球影城的相关内容。 16．细节理解题。根据“Low Season tickets 418 RMB: weekdays in Spring, Fall and Winter(淡季票418元：春天，秋天，冬天的工作日)”可知，秋天工作日票价418，所以一对夫妇要付836 RMB。故选A。 17．细节理解题。根据“Opening time: 9: 00 a. m. — 9: 00 p. m.(开放时间：上午9：00至晚上9：00。)”可知，游客不可以在晚上九点三十去参观北京环球影城。故选D。 18．推理判断题。根据“You can click here https: //www.universalbeijingresort.com/ for more information. (你可以点击这里https：//www.universalbeijingresort.com/ 获取更多信息)”可知，这篇文章来源于网络。故选C。 （23-24高一上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other. War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed?” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder. The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, sobbing. Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart. Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t notice Kate had sat up. She was watching, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.” Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on. 19．What made Kate so angry one evening? A．She couldn’t find her books. B．She heard the author shouting loud. C．She got the news that her grandma was ill. D．She saw the author’s shoes beneath her bed. 20．The author tidied up the room most probably because ________. A．she was scared by Kate’s anger B．she hated herself for being so messy C．she wanted to show her care D．she was asked by Kate to do so 21．How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed? A．By analyzing causes. B．By showing differences. C．By describing a process. D．By following time order. 22．What might be the best title for the story? A．My Friend Kate B．Hard Work Pays Off C．How to Be Organized D．Learning to Be Roommates 【答案】19．D 20．C 21．B 22．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和室友凯特相处的一些事情。 19．细节理解题。根据第二段“Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed?”(很快，我听到她尖叫道：“把你的鞋子拿走！为什么在我床底下？”)”可知，那天晚上，凯特非常生气的原因是她看到作者的鞋子在她床下。故选D。 20．推理判断题。根据第三段“All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.(突然，一种温暖的同情之情在我心中升起)”可以推断出， 作者主要是想通过收拾房间这种行为表达对凯特的关心。故选C。 21．推理判断题。根据第一段“I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.(我从来都不太整洁，而我的室友凯特却非常有条理。她的每件东西都有自己的位置，但我的东西总是藏在某个地方。她甚至把每样东西都贴上标签。我总是寻找一切。随着时间的推移，凯特变得更整洁，而我变得更凌乱。她把我的脏衣服推开，我把书放在她整洁的桌子上。我们都厌倦了对方)”可知，该段主要通过对比的方式说明两个人在生活习惯方面的巨大差异。故选B。 22．主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.(我们并不总是意见一致，但我们学会了共同生活的关键：让步、清理和坚持)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者和室友凯特相处的一些事情。故D选项“学会成为室友”最符合文章标题。故选D。 （24-25高一上·全国·单元测试）Nowadays more and more young athletes are taking part in the risky activities called “extreme sports” or “X-sports”. In the past young athletes would play baseball. Today, they want risk and excitement — the closer to the edge, the better. They snowboard over cliff (悬崖) and hike deep mountains. Extreme sports started as an alternative to more expensive sports such as golf. A city kid who couldn’t afford expensive sports equipment could get a skateboard and have fun. But now it has become a whole new area of sports, with specialized equipment and high levels of skill. There is even an Olympics for extreme sports, called the winter x-game, which includes snow mountain hiking and ice climbing. What makes extreme sports so popular? Maybe it’s because people love the risk. City people want to be outdoors on the weekends and do something challenging. The new equipment is so much better that people can take more risks without getting hurt. Sure there’s a risk. Once you go mountain hiking or snowboarding, it’s impossible to go back to have riding or skiing. It’s just too boring. Now even the older crowd is starting to join in. Every weekend, groups of friends in their early 30s get together. On weekdays they work as computer programmers in the same office. On weekends they hike mountains together. Extreme sports are certainly not for everyone. Most people still prefer to play basketball or watch sports on TV. But it has been a fact that extreme sports are gaining popularity. 23．Extreme sports started as an alternative to more expensive sports because________. A．people didn’t like to play golf B．some city kids couldn’t afford expensive sports equipment C．there is an Olympics for extreme sports D．extreme sports are gaining popularity 24．To have extreme sports, you should ________. A．have specialized equipment and high levels of skill B．be very young at age C．do snow mountain hiking and ice climbing D．afford expensive sports equipment 25．The author gives the example of the computer programmers in the same office to show________. A．young people love risks B．they can’t afford golf C．they don’t like to play basketball or watch sports on TV D．extreme sports are gaining popularity 26．The main idea of this passage is ________. A．extreme sports are certainly not for everyone B．the benefits and costs of extreme sports C．the development of extreme sports D．what makes extreme sports so popular 【答案】23．B 24．A 25．D 26．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述的是极限运动的兴起和发展。 23．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Extreme sports started as an alternative to more expensive sports such as golf. A city kid who couldn’t afford expensive sports equipment could get a skateboard and have fun.(极限运动最初是作为高尔夫等更昂贵运动的替代品。一个买不起昂贵运动器材的城市孩子可以买一个滑板，玩得很开心。)”可知，极限运动一开始是昂贵运动的替代品，因为一些城市的孩子买不起昂贵的运动器材。故选B项。 24．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“But now it has become a whole new area of sports, with specialized equipment and high levels of skill.(但现在它已经成为一个全新的运动领域，有专门的设备和高水平的技术。)”可知，要进行极限运动，你应该有专门的设备和高水平的技能。故选A项。 25．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Now even the older crowd is starting to join in. Every weekend, groups of friends in their early 30s get together. On weekdays they work as computer programmers in the same office. On weekends they hike mountains together.(现在，就连年纪较大的人群也开始加入进来。每个周末，一群30岁出头的朋友聚在一起。平日里，他们在同一间办公室里做电脑程序员。周末他们一起去爬山。)”可以推论出，作者以同一办公室的计算机程序员为例是为了说明：极限运动越来越受欢迎。故选D项。 26．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Nowadays more and more young athletes are taking part in the risky activities called “extreme sports” or “X-sports”.(如今，越来越多的年轻运动员参加被称为“极限运动”或“极限运动”的冒险活动)”可知，本文主要讲述的是极限运动的兴起和发展。故选C项。 （22-23高一上·重庆·期末）Despite being one of the most famous and most-visited attractions in the United States, Grand Canyon National Park still holds some surprises. Here are a few facts about the Grand Canyon you probably don’t know. We don’t really know how old it is It has long been believed that the Colorado River began carving the Grand Canyon about 6 million years ago, but a study contained a real shocker, suggesting that the process may have begun as far back as 70 million years. In all likelihood, the Grand Canyon as we know it today started out as a series of smaller canyons 70 million years ago, but the majority of the canyon did not begin to take shape until much more recently. The Grand Canyon creates its own weather Of all Grand Canyon facts, this one is pretty cool — no pun (双关语) intended. Sudden changes in elevation (海拔) have great effects on temperature and rainfall, so the weather you’re experiencing could change largely depending on where you are in the Grand Canyon. The coldest, wettest weather station in the area is the Bright Angel Ranger Station on the North Rim, while the hottest (and one of the driest) is just 8 miles away at Phantom Ranch. There are lots of fossils in the area While the dinosaurs might have missed out on seeing the Grand Canyon, lots of other fossils have been found that suggest other creatures often visited the area. They range from ancient marine fossils dating back 1.2 billion years to fairly recent land mammals that left their remains in canyon caves about 10,000 years ago. Fish are relatively uncommon in the area Prior to modern flood control measures, the Colorado River provided a uniquely difficult habitat for fish, with heavy silt, frequent floods, and temperatures ranging from extreme heat in summer to sub-freezing in winter. As a result, only eight fish species are native to the Grand Canyon, six of which are found nowhere outside of the Colorado River. 27．What is the weather like in the Great Canyon? A．It is pretty cool. B．It is extremely hot. C．It is unusually cold. D．It changes from place to place. 28．Why are fish relatively unusual in the area? A．It has a special geological phenomenon. B．The temperature here is relatively stable. C．It offers tough habitats for fish with extreme temperature. D．There are eight fish species unique to the world. 29．Which section of a magazine is the text most likely from? A．Geography. B．Life. C．Stories. D．Science. 【答案】27．D 28．C 29．A 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国的大峡谷国家公园是美国最著名和最受游客欢迎的景点之一，但仍然有一些鲜为人知的真相。 27．细节理解题。根据文章The Grand Canyon creates its own weather中“Sudden changes in elevation (海拔) have great effects on temperature and rainfall, so the weather you’re experiencing could change largely depending on where you are in the Grand Canyon. (海拔的突然变化对温度和降雨有很大的影响，所以你所经历的天气可能在很大程度上取决于你在大峡谷的位置。)”可知，在不同的位置天气是不同的，大峡谷的天气因地而异。故选D。 28．细节理解题。根据文章Fish are relatively uncommon in the area中“Prior to modern flood control measures, the Colorado River provided a uniquely difficult habitat for fish, with heavy silt, frequent floods, and temperatures ranging from extreme heat in summer to sub-freezing in winter. (在现代洪水控制措施之前，科罗拉多河为鱼类提供了一个独特的困难栖息地，泥沙淤积，洪水频繁，气温从夏季的极端高温到冬季的零下温度。)”可知，鱼类在这个地区相对不常见是因为它为极端温度下的鱼类提供了艰巨的栖息地。故选C。 29．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Despite being one of the most famous and most-visited attractions in the United States, Grand Canyon National Park still holds some surprises. Here are a few facts about the Grand Canyon you probably don’t know. (尽管大峡谷国家公园是美国最著名、游客最多的景点之一，但它仍然有一些惊喜。以下是一些你可能不知道的关于大峡谷的事实。)”可知，本文是关于大峡谷的一些信息，因此本文很有可能来自杂志的地理板块。故选A。 （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）Food festivals around the world Stilton Cheese Rolling May Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include cheese rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors’ lane (跑道). Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones). All the competitors are served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment to Stilton cheeses. Fiery Foods Festival — The Hottest Festival on Earth Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addiction — food that is not just spicy, but hot enough to make your mouth burn, your head spin and your eyes water. Their destination is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three days every March. You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepper — officially the hottest pepper in the world—or any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one thing's forsure — if you don’t like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isn't for you! La Tomatina — The World’s Biggest Food Fight On the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bunol hosts La Tomatina — the world’s largest food fight. A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes — official fight-starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd. The battle lasts little more than half an hour, during which around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes are thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back. Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends again—and for a much-needed wash! 30．What can we learn about competitors in the Stilton cheese rolling competition? A．They must kick or throw their cheese. B．They must wear various formal clothes. C．They must roll a wooden cheese in their own lane. D．They must use a real cheese weighing about four kilos. 31．Where is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival held? A．In New Mexico. B．In the Caribbean. C．In Australia. D．In China. 32．How long does the celebration of La Tomatina last? A．Three days. B．Seven days. C．Less than three days. D．More than seven days. 【答案】30．C 31．A 32．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国、新墨西哥以及西班牙的几个关于食物的传统节日。 30．细节理解题。根据Food festivals around the world Stilton Cheese Rolling中“Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors’ lane (跑道).”（四人一组，穿着各种奇怪和有趣的衣服，沿着50米长的路线滚动一个完整的奶酪。在比赛途中，他们不得踢腿或扔奶酪，也不得进入竞争对手的跑道。）以及“but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones”（但可以理解的是，比赛中使用的奶酪是木制的）可知，我们能从斯蒂尔顿奶酪滚动比赛中了解到他们必须在自己的跑道上滚一个木制奶酪。故选C项。 31．细节理解题。根据Fiery Foods Festival—The Hottest Festival on Earth中“Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico.”（每年都有超过一万人前往新墨西哥的阿尔伯克基市。）可知，Fiery Food and BBQ这个活动在新墨西哥举行。故选A项。 32．细节理解题。根据La Tomatina—The World’s Biggest Food Fight中“A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events.”（为期一周的庆祝活动最后是激动人心的番茄大战，这是本周活动的重头戏。）可知，La Tomatina这个节日要持续一周。故选B项。 （23-24高一上·浙江台州·开学考试）Inostrancevia is a kind of animal that lived in northern Russia 253 million years ago. But scientists recently found the remains of the terrible animal in the ancient rock of South Africa, thousands of miles away. It seems Inostrancevia traveled thousands of miles, heading south in search for better hunting grounds. The story of how this long-fanged animal arrived at such a distant place is not a story of predatory (捕食者的) success, but the last fight of an animal trying to avoid the worst extinction (灭绝) in Earth's history. The Siberian Traps, volcanoes in prehistoric Russia, were erupting (喷发) at that time, causing about 70 percent of land animal species to disappear. These eruptions produced a lot of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, which lowered the amount of oxygen in the air. Animals had to either adapt or move to avoid extinction, as the environments were changing so quickly. “At the time Inostrancevia took over in South Africa as top predator, there were still large plant-eating animals for them to feed on,” says scientist Pia Viglietti. But finally changes to plants led to the extinction of the plant-eating animals, which also marked the end for Inostrancevia, too. The discovery changes what scientists thought about Earth’s worst ecological disaster. Finding many predators that tried to get a claw-hold before going extinct suggests there were more reasons behind their struggle. 33．What did scientist recently discover in South Africa? A．A large plant-eating animal. B．A 253-million-year-old rock. C．The remains of Inostrancevia. D．Prehistoric volcanoes in Russia. 34．Why did Inostrancevia travel so far? A．To find more food. B．To take over South Africa. C．To get more oxygen. D．To fight against volcanoes. 35．What is the direct cause of Inostrancevia’s extinction? A．Too little oxygen. B．The lack of food. C．Increases in temperature. D．Fights between animals. 【答案】33．C 34．A 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了古生物Inostrancevia迁徙至南非的故事，揭示了其在地球最严重生态灾难中求生的努力及其最终灭绝的原因。 33．细节理解题。根据第一段“Inostrancevia is a kind of animal that lived in northern Russia 253 million years ago. But scientists recently found the remains of the terrible animal in the ancient rock of South Africa, thousands of miles away.(Inostrancevia是2.53亿年前生活在俄罗斯北部的一种动物。但科学家们最近在数千英里外南非的古老岩石中发现了这种可怕动物的遗骸。)”可知，科学家最近在南非发现了Inostrancevia的遗骸。故选C。 34．细节理解题。根据第一段“It seems Inostrancevia traveled thousands of miles, heading south in search for better hunting grounds.(似乎Inostrancevia穿越了数千英里，向南行进以寻找更好的狩猎场。)”可知，Inostrancevia为了寻找更好的狩猎场所而向南旅行，即为了找到更多的食物。故选A。 35．细节理解题。根据第四段““At the time Inostrancevia took over in South Africa as top predator, there were still large plant-eating animals for them to feed on,” says scientist Pia Viglietti. But finally changes to plants led to the extinction of the plant-eating animals, which also marked the end for Inostrancevia, too.(科学家Pia Viglietti说：“当Inostrancevia在南非成为顶级捕食者时，那里仍然有大型食草动物供它们食用。”但最终，植物的变化导致了以植物为食的动物的灭绝，这也标志着Inostrancevia的终结。)”可知，Inostrancevia灭绝的直接原因是缺乏食物。故选B。 （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）Chinese New Year has been welcomed in Britain with its biggest ever program of event sand celebrations. From London’s Trafalgar Square to major cities across Britain, tens of thousands of British people have joined Chinese communities to celebrate the arrival of the New Year. In Manchester there was a Dragon Parade (舞龙表演), led by a very impressive 54-meter long dragon, ending in Chinatown where there was traditional  Chinese entertainment, more than 6,000 lanterns, street food villages and a fireworks show. Celebrations also took place in Liverpool, Birmingham, Durham, Edinburgh, Leeds and Newcastle. Academic Dr Wu Kegang said that the Chinese New Year event in Britain “is now bigger than ever and it is growing every year”. When Wu arrived in Britain 26 years ago from Guangdong, the first thing he noticed was that Chinese New Year was celebrated mainly in towns and cities with big Chinese communities. “You would go to London Chinatown and join your countrymen to celebrate, or to Chinatowns in places like Liverpool and Manchester for events almost only held for Chinese people,” Wu recalled. “Now it is so different, and we are seeing local communities all over the country taking part, alongside their own Chinese populations,” he said. “It is clear to me that the celebrations will continue to grow in Britain. Chinese New Year has earned its place in the calendar of events in Britain, and is here to stay.” 36．What can we know about Chinese New Year celebrations from Paragraph 2? A．A Dragon Parade was held in Trafalgar Square. B．The 54-meter long dragon started from Chinatown. C．One thousand British people have joined the celebration. D．Many cities in Britain held activities to welcome Chinese New Year. 37．How was Chinese New Year celebrated in Britain 26years ago? A．It was celebrated mainly by Chinese communities. B．It was celebrated by local communities all over the country. C．It was only celebrated in London, Liverpool and Manchester. D．It was celebrated by tens of thousands of British people with Chinese people. 38．How will Chinese New Year develop in Britain according to Dr Wu? A．It will lose its attraction. B．It will become a British official holiday. C．More and more British people will join in the celebrations. D．It will become one of the most important events in Britain. 39．What does this passage mainly tell us? A．How Chinese New Year is celebrated in Britain. B．Where Chinese New Year is celebrated in Britain. C．Chinese culture is more attractive than British culture. D．Chinese New Year has become more and more popular in Britain. 【答案】36．D 37．A 38．C 39．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国新年在英国越来越受欢迎。 36．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“From London's Trafalgar Square to major cities across Britain, tens of thousands of British people have joined Chinese communities to celebrate the arrival of the New Year.(从伦敦的特拉法加广场到英国各大城市，成千上万的英国人加入到华人社区庆祝新年的到来。)”可知，从第二段中我们可以了解到英国许多城市都举行了庆祝中国新年的活动。故选D项。 37．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When Wu arrived in Britain 26 years ago from Guangdong, the first thing he noticed was that Chinese New Year was celebrated mainly in towns and cities with big Chinese communities.(26年前，当吴从广东来到英国时，他注意到的第一件事是，中国新年主要在华人聚居的城镇庆祝。)”可知，26年前，当吴博士来到英国时，中国的新年主要由华人社区庆祝。故选A项。 38．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It is clear to me that the celebrations will continue to grow in Britain. Chinese New Year has earned its place in the calendar of events in Britain, and is here to stay.(我很清楚，英国的庆祝活动将继续扩大。中国新年已经在英国的日历上赢得了一席之地，并将继续留在这里。)”可知，吴博士认为中国新年的发展趋势是将有越来越多的英国人将参加庆祝活动。故选C项。 39．主旨大意题。分析全文内容，再根据文章第一段“Chinese New Year has been welcomed in Britain with its biggest ever program of event sand celebrations.(英国举办了有史以来规模最大的庆祝活动来迎接中国新年。)”和最后一段“Chinese New Year has earned its place in the calendar of events in Britain, and is here to stay.(中国新年已经在英国的日历上赢得了一席之地，并将继续留在这里。)”可知，文章主要介绍了中国新年在英国越来越受欢迎。故选D项。 （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）Six scientists received some good news: they were being treated to an eight-month, all free trip to Hawaii. There was just one little difficulty: they would be spending all eight months living under Mars-like conditions to simulate (模拟) a mission to the planet. They carried out their own research projects, as NASA researchers watched to see whether they would develop cabin fever (幽闭烦躁症), a feeling of upset and impatience when people have been inside for too long. The mission is in the hope of better understanding life on Mars. For the mission, surfing, fresh air and sunshine were all off the menu. During the eight months, the scientists had to live together in just 1, 300 square feet of living space, built on the side of the Mauna Loa (a volcano). Whenever they wanted to take a short walk outside their “house”, they had to put on a 40-pound spacesuit. As if to make things even tougher, showers were limited to eight minutes each week. Perhaps it should not be overly surprising that with the six having now completed their mission, they said re-entering the outside world was “a big joy”. One possible reason why the six survived could be found in their blogs. The mission commander, Ms Lenio, said she learnt to play an instrument and improved her French. Another scientist, Sophie Milam, excitedly posteda model boat made out of sticks by herself. But it wasn’t all fun. About halfway through the mission, bad weather left them unable to use their solar-powered batteries. They had to gather closely together for warmth and limit energy use to just the important systems. Ms Lenio said, “If we had really been on Mars, that would have been life or death.” Luckily, it did seem that the scientists had succeeded in avoiding cabin fever—Ms Lenio referred to her partners as “lovely people”. 40．Why does the author mention a trip to Hawaii in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce the special mission. B．To describe the easy life of scientists. C．To tell us Hawaii is popular among visitors. D．To show Hawaii is a perfect place to do research. 41．What can we learn from the scientists’ blogs? A．Life on “Mars” was always colorful. B．They did what they liked to kill time. C．They were hopeless during the mission. D．They learned something from each other. 42．What do Ms Lenio’s words in Paragraph 5 mean? A．They wouldn’t meet the problem on Mars. B．The result would have been more serious on Mars. C．Ms Lenio felt lucky to survive the mission. D．The mission was actually meaningless. 43．What may be the best title of the text? A．Scientists prove living on Mars is possible B．Scientists learn a lot during their trip to Mars C．Six scientists’ trip to Hawaii simulates a mission to Mars D．Six scientists successfully complete their mission on Mars 【答案】40．A 41．B 42．B 43．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是六名科学家在夏威夷冒纳罗亚火山边一个与世隔绝、靠太阳能电池供电的“船舱”里生活了八个月，完成了夏威夷太空探索仿真模拟实验。 40．推理判断题。根据首段中的“Six scientists received some good news: they were being treated to an eight-month, all free trip to Hawaii. There was just one little difficulty: they would be spending all eight months living under Mars-like conditions to simulate (模拟) a mission to the planet.(六名科学家得到了一些好消息：他们将获得为期八个月的免费夏威夷之旅。只有一个小困难：他们将在类似火星的条件下生活8个月，以模拟前往火星的任务。)”可知，作者以六名科学家去夏威夷度过为期八个月的“假期”为话题，引出了此次在夏威夷冒纳罗亚火山边进行的模拟火星生活的实验。故选A项。 41．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“One possible reason why the six survived could be found in their blogs.(这六人幸存下来的一个可能原因可以从他们的博客中找到。)”以及下文举例的两位科学家所做的事情可知，通过科学家的博客中可以了解到科学家们通过做自己爱好的事来打发时间，度过了为期八个月的“与世隔绝”的生活。故选B项。 42．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“About halfway through the mission, bad weather left them unable to use their solar-powered batteries. They had to gather closely together for warmth and limit energy use to just the important systems. Ms Lenio said, ‘If we had really been on Mars, that would have been life or death.’(大约在任务进行到一半时，恶劣的天气使他们无法使用太阳能电池。它们必须紧密地聚集在一起取暖，并将能源的使用限制在重要的系统上。莱尼奥女士说：“如果我们真的在火星上，那将是生死攸关的时刻。”)”可知，科学家们在此次实验中遭遇了恶劣天气导致的太阳能电池电量不足且生活面临困难的事，由此可知，Ms Lenio所说的“如果我们真的在火星上，那将是生死攸关的时刻。”表明了在真实的火星环境中结果可能会更严重。故选B项。 43．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Six scientists received some good news: they were being treated to an eight-month, all free trip to Hawaii. There was just one little difficulty: they would be spending all eight months living under Mars-like conditions to simulate (模拟) a mission to the planet.(六名科学家得到了一些好消息：他们将获得为期八个月的免费夏威夷之旅。只有一个小困难：他们将在类似火星的条件下生活8个月，以模拟前往火星的任务。)”以及下文中介绍的这六位科学家在模拟火星任务重的情况介绍可知，本文主要介绍的是六位科学家在夏威夷进行的特殊任务——模拟火星生活，由此可知，C项“六名科学家的夏威夷之旅模拟了一次火星任务”与本文内容吻合，概括了本文的主题，所以是最合适的文章标题。故选C项。 （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）England has been the birthplace of most of the great English-language plays written throughout history. Most of the plays in England that are truly famous have something in common. They usually come from a playwright (剧作家) with several famous plays.William Shakespeare William Shakespeare is considered the most famous British playwright. Shakespeare has written a large number of tragedies, comedies and history plays, and each category includes some of the most famous plays ever written. Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, Othello and King Lear are all tragedies and performed in theaters around the world every year. His famous comedies include A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Much Ado About Nothing. In the category of history plays, Richard Ⅲ and Henry Ⅴ are very famous.Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw Several hundred years after Shakespeare, English people began to enjoy the works of Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw. Wilde’s plays are still popular now, and The Importance of Being Earnest is both performed and studied extremely frequently. A Woman of No Importance and An Ideal Husband are among his other famous works. Shaw and Wilde were both born in the 1850s, but Shaw was a much more productive writer. His most famous plays include Pygmalion and Candida. Shaw’s plays are loved so much that a theater company is devoted to performing his work in Niagara-on-the-Lake in Ontario.Harold Pinter The plays of Harold Pinter certainly have an international presence. His writing was so widely recognized for its importance that he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2005. Pinter is especially known for his style of writing. Many of his plays such as Betrayal, The Dumb Waiter and his first play, The Room, are extremely well known. 44．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To advise us to spend more time enjoying plays. B．To explain why England has so many wonderful plays. C．To tell us about some famous British playwrights and their works. D．To tell us the differences among some British playwrights. 45．What do the works in the underlined part in Paragraph 2 have in common? A．They are all Shakespeare’s early works. B．They are all tragedies written by Shakespeare. C．They are all Shakespeare’s famous comedies. D．They all belong to the category of history plays. 46．Which of the following plays were most probably written in the same period of time? A．The Dumb Waiter and A Woman of No Importance. B．Richard Ⅲ and A Woman of No Importance. C．An Ideal Husband and Candida. D．Candida and Betrayal. 【答案】44．C 45．B 46．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几个著名的戏剧作家——威廉·莎士比亚、奥斯卡·王尔德、乔治·伯纳德·萧、哈罗德·品特以及他们的作品。 44．推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第一段中“ They usually come from a playwright ( 剧作家 ) with several famous plays.(它们通常来自一位写了几部著名的戏剧的剧作家)”可知，本篇文章介绍了几位著名的戏剧作家——威廉·莎士比亚、奥斯卡·王尔德、乔治·伯纳德·萧、哈罗德·品特以及他们的作品。故选C项。 45．细节理解题。根据William Shakespeare部分中的“Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet, Othello and King Lear are all tragedies and performed in theaters around the world every year. (《哈姆雷特》、《麦克白》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《奥赛罗》和《李尔王》都是悲剧，每年都会在世界各地的剧院上演。)”可知，画线部分的戏剧都是由莎士比亚写的悲剧。故选B项。 46．推理判断题。根据Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw部分中“A Woman of No Importance and An Ideal Husband are among his other famous works. (《无足轻重的女人》和《理想的丈夫》是他的其他著名作品之一。)”及“Shaw and Wilde were both born in the 1850s, but Shaw was a much more productive writer. His most famous plays include Pygmalion and Candida. (萧伯纳和王尔德都出生于1850年代，但萧伯纳是一位多产的作家。他最著名的戏剧包括《皮格马利翁》和《坎迪德》。)”可知，An Ideal Husband是王尔德的戏剧，而Candida是萧伯纳的戏剧，Oscar Wilde和George Bernard Shaw都出生于1850年代，因此他们的作品An Ideal Husband和Candida很可能是在同一时期创作的，故选C项。 （23-24高一上·江苏南京·阶段练习）A California-based nonprofit is searching to build an AI language that allows humans more deeply understand non-human languages to help change our ecological impact on our Earth. Aza Raskin is the co-founder and president of the Earth Species Project (ESP), a non-profit that uses a form of artificial intelligence (AI) to translate non-human languages. ESP wants to use its machine learning technology to translate and make this vital information widely available (可得到的) to the public. Raskin emphasized their goal to help conservation by explaining, “The end we are working towards is, can we decode animal communication, discover the non-human language. Along the way and equally important is that we are developing technology that supports biologists and conservation now,” ESP believes that understanding languages can help deepen our relationship with animals and allow us to more efficiently protect them. In the past, understanding the communication of animals was based on long and boring observation. From primate calls of alarms to dolphin whistles, scientists have been fascinated by the different forms of non-human communication present in these animals. With the development of new technologies, researchers have now begun to understand the huge amounts of data available through machine learning. Elodie Briefer, an associate professor at the University of Copenhagen, has recently helped co-develop a pig grunt analyzing software that helps scientists understand whether the pigs are expressing positive or negative emotions. In contrast, ESP is approaching decoding differently, by focusing on all species, not just one. The Earth Species Project believes that there is a likelihood that social species communicate with each other, for instance, whales and dolphins. Although the Earth Species Project believe that understanding AI machine learning data is only one step to full communication, they are hopeful that one day we will be able to understand entire systems of communication. 47．According to Aza Raskin, the goal of Earth Species Project is ________. A．to develop flee advanced AI technology for everyone B．to communicate with animals such as whales and dolphins C．to provide information of animal species for the public D．to help conserve animals by understanding their languages 48．According to the article, the methods scientists have used to discover the communication of animals do NOT include ________. A．spending a lot of time observing animal communications B．using a form of artificial intelligence to translate animal languages C．developing a software to analyze a pig’s emotions through its grunts D．playing recordings of animal sounds to communicate with other social animals 49．Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the article? A．ESP aims to provide free translation service for the public through advanced artificial intelligence technologies. B．Machine learning has made it possible for researchers to understand huge amount of data about animal communication. C．Elodie Briefer has helped develop a software which is exactly what ESP needs to decode animal language. D．Researchers in the Earth Species Project believe that all species on earth can communicate with one another. 50．What is probably the best title for the text? A．Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on Society B．The Ambition of Earth Species Project C．AI Technology Helps Understand Animal Languages D．Save the Animals and Their Languages 【答案】47．D 48．D 49．B 50．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了帮助改变人类对地球环境的影响，一家总部位于加州的组织正在寻找一种人工智能语言，让人们深入理解非人类语言。 47．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Aza Raskin is the co-founder and president of the Earth Species Project (ESP), a non-profit that uses a form of artificial intelligence (AI) to translate non-human languages.(Aza Raskin是地球物种项目(ESP)的联合创始人兼总裁，这是一家使用人工智能(AI)翻译非人类语言的非营利组织)”以及第三段中“Raskin emphasized their goal to help conservation by explaining, ‘The end we are working towards is, can we decode animal communication, discover the non-human language. Along the way and equally important is that we are developing technology that supports biologists and conservation now,’(Raskin强调了他们帮助保护动物的目标，他解释说：‘我们努力的最终目标是，我们能否破译动物的交流，发现非人类的语言。在此过程中，同样重要的是，我们正在开发支持生物学家和保护的技术，’)”可知，地球物种项目的目标是通过了解动物的语言来帮助保护动物的。故选D。 48．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A California-based nonprofit is searching to build an AI language that allows humans more deeply understand non-human languages(总部位于加州的一家非营利组织正在寻找一种人工智能语言，让人类更深入地理解非人类语言)”、第四段中“In the past, understanding the communication of animals was based on long and boring observation.(过去，对动物交流的理解是建立在漫长而枯燥的观察基础上的)”和倒数第二段中“Elodie Briefer, an associate professor at the University of Copenhagen, has recently helped co-develop a pig grunt analyzing software that helps scientists understand whether the pigs are expressing positive or negative emotions.(哥本哈根大学副教授Elodie Briefer最近帮助合作开发了一款猪叫声分析软件，该软件可以帮助科学家了解猪是在表达积极的情绪还是消极的情绪)”可知，科学家用来发现动物交流的方法包括使用某种形式的人工智能来翻译动物的语言、花很多时间观察动物的交流以及开发一种软件，通过猪的咕噜声来分析猪的情绪，未提及“播放动物声音的录音来与其他群居动物交流”。故选D。 49．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“With the development of new technologies, researchers have now begun to understand the huge amounts of data available through machine learning.(随着新技术的发展，研究人员现在已经开始了解通过机器学习可以获得的大量数据)”可知，机器学习使研究人员能够理解大量关于动物交流的数据。故选B。 50．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“A California-based nonprofit is searching to build an AI language that allows humans more deeply understand non-human languages to help change our ecological impact on our Earth.(总部位于加州的一家非营利组织正在寻找一种人工智能语言，让人类更深入地理解非人类语言，以帮助改变我们对地球的生态影响)”可知，文章主要讲述为了帮助改变人类对地球环境的影响，一家总部位于加州的组织正在寻找一种人工智能语言，让人们深入理解非人类语言。C项“人工智能技术帮助理解动物语言”为最佳标题，故选C。 （23-24高一上·江苏南京·阶段练习）During the school year, Kacer works about 10 hours a week, juggling his job with school and cheerleading practice. But he hopes to pick up more shifts (轮班) this summer to earn extra spending money and to help his family save for his college tuition. Across the country, lawmakers are supprting new legislation (立法) that would allow teens like Kacer to do just that — by loosening some child labor protections at the state level. Ohio and other states, for example, have proposed bills that would permit teens — with their parents’ permission — to work later at night, even on school days. In some states, such as Iowa and Minnesota, legislation would allow teens to take jobs in a wider range of industries, including construction. As businesses started reopening after the global crisis, many adults left low-wage jobs for better-paying ones. “Adult workers no longer want this crazy low-wage service job that has a ludicrous (荒唐的) schedule, few benefits, and rude customers,” Alicia Sasser Modestino, a labor expert who studies the youth workforce, told reporters, “so employers suddenly turned to youth.” Some experts say there are benefits to increasing work opportunities for young people. For starters, many teens must work in order to help their families make ends meet. A recent study also found that students with part-time jobs are more likely to earn higher wages in the future compared with classmates who don’t work. Plus, experts add, working teens are likely to spend more, which helps the economy. In addition, having a job instills responsibility in teens and could even lead to an eventual career. But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. They say teens working later at night raises safety concerns, such as how they will get home. And, they add, some jobs that lawmakers want to open to teens could put young people at risk of injury or death. Charlie Wishman, president of the Iowa Federation of Labor, is against his state’s bill that would allow some teens to work in manufacturing (制造业) and meatpacking facilities. “Child labor should be limited and safe,” he told reporters. “Let kids be kids. There are plenty of job opportunities right now for kids to gain experience and learn responsibility without putting them in danger.” In addition, some parents and educators worry that if teens devote more time to work, their education will suffer. Research shows that working more than 20 hours a week during the school year can tire young people out and leave less time for studying. While states continue to debate changing their child labor laws, there is one thing that many people agree on: The country’s labor shortage, they say, could be largely solved if more employers offered better pay and benefits to adults. 51．What is the article mainly about? A．Whether Kacer should pick up more shifts this summer. B．How to solve labor shortage in manufacturing industry. C．Whether youth should be given more job opportunities. D．Why people disagree with changing the child labor laws. 52．Why do employers hire more teenagers after the global crisis? A．Because teenagers need to work to save money for further study. B．Because economic recovery creates new jobs suitable for teenagers. C．Because young employees can better cope with rude customers. D．Because adults turn to higher-paying jobs with better environment. 53．Which statement is NOT TRUE according to Paragraph 4? A．Teens without work may earn less than their peers in the future. B．Working teens contribute to economic growth by saving wages. C．Young people can help support their families through working. D．Teenagers can learn to be responsible from working experience. 54．Which harmful effect of allowing teenagers to work more is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 5? A．Heavy work will leave students little time to explore interests. B．Going home late after work will pose a risk to kids’ safety. C．Students will gain working experience at the cost of study. D．Teenagers can get injured in dangerous work environment. 55．What is the author’s attitude towards loosening child labor protections? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Neutral. D．Indifferent. 【答案】51．C 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲立法者正在为年轻人更多的工作机会，并就其利与弊进行了讨论。 51．主旨大意题。由文章第二段“Across the country, lawmakers are supprting new legislation (立法) that would allow teens like Kacer to do just that --- by loosening some child labor protections at the state level. (在全国范围内，立法者正在支持新的立法，允许像Kacer这样的青少年这样做——通过放松州一级的一些童工保护。)”、第四段“Some experts say there are benefits to increasing work opportunities for young people. (一些专家表示，增加年轻人的工作机会是有好处的。)”和第五段“But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. (但修改法律的批评者担心，这样做可能会让孩子们处于危险之中。)”可知，文章主要就是否应该给年轻人更多的工作机会进行讨论分析。故选C项。 52．细节理解题。由文章第三段“‘Adult workers no longer want this crazy low-wage service job that has a ludicrous (荒唐的) schedule, few benefits, and rude customers,’ Alicia Sasser Modestino, a labor expert who studies the youth workforce, told reporters, ‘so employers suddenly turned to youth.’(研究青年劳动力的劳工专家Alicia Sasser Modestino告诉记者：‘成年工人不再想要这份疯狂的低薪服务工作，这份工作日程安排荒谬，福利少，顾客粗鲁，所以雇主突然转向了年轻人。’)”可知，全球危机后，雇主雇佣了更多的青少年，因为成年人转向了环境更好、薪水更高的工作。故选D项。 53．细节理解题。由文章第四段“Plus, experts add, working teens are likely to spend more, which helps the economy.(此外，专家补充说，有工作的青少年可能会花更多的钱，这有助于经济。)”可知，这里讲青少年花钱有助于经济而不是节约钱有助于经济。所以B项Working teens contribute to economic growth by saving wages.(工作的青少年通过节省工资为经济增长做出了贡献。)与文意不符合。故选B项。 54．细节理解题。由文章第五段“But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. They say teens working later at night raises safety concerns, such as how they will get home. And, they add, some jobs that lawmakers want to open to teens could put young people at risk of injury or death. (但修改法律的批评者担心，这样做可能会让孩子们处于危险之中。他们说，青少年在深夜工作会引发安全问题，比如他们将如何回家。他们补充说，立法者希望向青少年开放的一些工作可能会使年轻人面临受伤或死亡的风险。)”可知，B、D项本段有所提及，再由“In addition, some parents and educators worry that if teens devote more time to work, their education will suffer. Research shows that working more than 20 hours a week during the school year can tire young people out and leave less time for studying.(此外，一些家长和教育工作者担心，如果青少年投入更多时间工作，他们的教育将受到影响。研究表明，在学年期间每周工作超过20小时会让年轻人疲惫不堪，留下更少的学习时间。)”可知，C项本段也有所提及，而A项Heavy work will leave students little time to explore interests.(繁重的工作会让学生几乎没有时间探索兴趣。)本段未提及。故选A项。 55．推理判断题。由文章第四段“Some experts say there are benefits to increasing work opportunities for young people. (一些专家表示，增加年轻人的工作机会是有好处的。)”和第五段“But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. (但修改法律的批评者担心，这样做可能会让孩子们处于危险之中。)”可知，作者从正反面讲述了放松对童工的保护法案的看法，所以作者的态度是中立的。故选C项。 （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）Dr. Nancy Roman, born in 1925, who was known as a pioneer for female scientists and had advanced the launch of the Hubble Space Telescope (望远镜), died in December 2018. When Nancy Roman asked for permission to take an algebra (代数) course in high school, a teacher demanded to know “what girl would take mathematics instead of Latin”. In college, a professor admitted that he often tried to prevent women from majoring in physics but Roman stuck to it. Roman received a doctor’s degree in astronomy from the University of Chicago in 1949. And in 1959, Dr. Roman became the first Chief of Astronomy (天文学) at NASA Headquarters, a role that made her one of the agency’s first female leaders. During her career, Dr. Roman spent much of her time helping develop, fund and promote technology that would help scientists see more clearly beyond Earth’s atmosphere. But her most well-known work was perhaps leading the design of the Hubble Space Telescope—the first major telescope to be sent into space for the purpose of gathering photographs and data from the universe. She was, therefore, named as “Mother of Hubble”. “She made it possible to get the early telescope up into space to learn what needed to be learned,” said science historian Bob Zimmerman, “and her hard-nosed nature helped get the telescope built.” The telescope was not launched until 1990, a little more than a decade after Dr. Roman retired, but when it did, its photographs of the universe thrilled the world. “I am glad, "she once said,” I ignored the people who told meth at I could not be an astronomer.” 56．What can we conclude from the teacher’s reaction in Paragraph 2? A．The teacher doubted it. B．The teacher accepted it at once. C．The teacher didn’t care about it. D．The teacher was strongly against it. 57．What was the most famous achievement of Nancy Roman’s work? A．She was one of the founders of NASA． B．She proved the black hole really existed. C．She was the first female astronomer in the world. D．She led the design of the Hubble Space Telescope. 58．When did Dr. Nancy Roman probably retire? A．In 1969. B．In 1979. C．In 1990. D．In 2000. 59．Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A．Nancy Roman and NASA B．The Hubble Space Telescope C．Nancy Roman—the “Mother of Hubble” D．Nothing Can Stop a Determined Heart 【答案】56．A 57．D 58．B 59．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了被称为“哈勃之母”的女科学家Nancy Roman的生平事迹。 56．推理判断题。根据第二段中“When Nancy Roman asked for permission to take an algebra (代数) course in high school, a teacher demanded to know ‘what girl would take mathematics instead of Latin’. (当Nancy Roman要求允许在高中学习代数课程时，一位老师要求知道‘哪个女孩会选数学而不是拉丁语’。)”可知，老师对Nancy申请学习代数课程表示怀疑。故选A项。 57．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But her most well-known work was perhaps leading the design of the Hubble Space Telescope—the first major telescope to be sent into space for the purpose of gathering photographs and data from the universe. She was, therefore, named as “Mother of Hubble”. (但她最著名的工作可能是领导了哈勃太空望远镜的设计，这是第一台被送入太空的大型望远镜，目的是从宇宙中收集照片和数据。因此，她被称为“哈勃之母”。)”可知，Nancy Roman最著名的成就是领导设计了哈勃太空望远镜。故选D项。 58．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The telescope was not launched until 1990, a little more than a decade after Dr. Roman retired, but when it did, its photographs of the universe thrilled the world. (这台望远镜直到1990年才发射升空，也就是Roman博士退休十多年后，但当它发射升空时，它的宇宙照片震惊了世界。)”可知，哈勃望远镜直到1990年才发射，比Roman博士退休晚了十多年，因此她大约在1979年退休。故选B项。 59．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Dr. Nancy Roman, born in 1925, who was known as a pioneer for female scientists and had advanced the launch of the Hubble Space Telescope (望远镜), died in December 2018. (Nancy Roman博士出生于1925年，被称为女科学家的先驱，并推动了哈勃太空望远镜的发射，于2018年12月去世。)”以及第三段中“She was, therefore, named as “Mother of Hubble”. (因此，她被称为“哈勃之母”。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一位杰出的女性科学家Nancy Roman，她对哈勃太空望远镜的研发利用功不可没，被称为“哈勃之母”，C项Nancy Roman—the “Mother of Hubble” (Nancy Roman——“哈勃之母”)最能概括全文，故选C项。 （23-24高一上·江苏南京·阶段练习）Thank you. Thank you all. I’m here to plant a seed today. A seed that will inspire you to move forward in life with enthusiastic hearts and a clear sense of wholeness. You are the vanguard (先锋) of knowledge and consciousness, a new wave in a vast ocean of possibilities. On the other side of that door, there’s a world starving for new ideas, new leadership. I’ve been out there for the past 30 years. She’s a wild cat! She’ll rub up against your leg and purr until you pick her up and start petting her. And then out of nowhere, she'll swat (猛击) you in the face. Sure it’s rough sometimes but that’s OK. Now fear is going to be a player in your life, but you get to decide how much. You can spend your whole life imagining ghosts, worrying about the pathway to the future, but all there will ever be is what’s happering here, and the decisions we make in this moment, which are based in either love or fear. Many of us choose our path out of fear disguised as practicality. What we really want seems impossibly out of reach and ridiculous to expect from ourselves. So we never dare to ask the universe for it. I’m saying, I’m the proof that you can ask the universe for it. Please！ My father could have been a great comedian, but he didn’t believe that was possible for him. So, he made a conservative choice. Instead, he got a safe job as an accountant. When I was 12 years old, he was let go from that job and our family had to do whatever we could to survive. I learned many great lessons from my father, not the least of which was that you can fail at what you don’t want so you might as well take a chance doing what you love. Your job is not to figure out how it’s going to happen for you, but to open the door in your head. When the door opens in real life, just walk through it. Don’t worry if you miss your cue (暗示) because there are always different doors that will open for you. And they'll keep opening. I make a conscious choice to see challenges as something beneficial so that I can deal with them in the most productive (富有成效的) way. You’ll come up with your own style. That’s part of the fun. Oh, and why not take a chance on faith as well? Take a chance on faith. Not religion, but faith. Not hope, but faith. I don’t believe in hope. Hope is a beggar. Hope walks through the fire and faith leaps over it. You are ready and able to do beautiful things in this world. And after you walk through those doors today, you will only ever have two choices, love or fear. Choose love, and don’t ever let fear turn you against your playful heart. Thank you so much. I'm so honored. Thank you. 60．The target audience for this speech are probably ________. A．brave soldiers B．young graduates C．likely customers D．successful businessmen 61．Why does the speaker compare the outside world to a wild cat in paragraph 2? A．To show that the outside world thirsts for new ideas and leadership. B．To show that the outside world is filled with dangers and difficulties. C．To show that the outside world is ever-changing and unpredictable. D．To show that the outside world rewards people who answer its needs. 62．The speaker’s intention in sharing the story of his father is to ________. A．criticize his father for not being able to provide a good life for the family B．encourage the audience to take chances and pursue what they love C．suggest passions matter more than practicality in building successful careers D．advise the audience to give up safe careers in favor of riskier pursuits 63．The rhetorical devices used in the underlined sentences in paragraph 6 include ________. ①simile    ②metaphor    ③repetition ④rhetorical question    ⑤personification    ⑥oxymoron A．①②③④ B．①③⑤⑥ C．②③④⑤ D．②④⑤⑥ 【答案】60．B 61．C 62．B 63．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本篇演讲是给年轻人的演讲，主要是为了鼓励现在毕业生于生活有清晰的规划，且能够克服恐惧，热情的前进。 60．细节理解题。根据文章的第二段“You are the vanguard (先锋) of knowledge and consciousness, a new wave in a vast ocean of possibilities. On the other side of that door, there’s a world starving for new ideas, new leadership.（你们是知识和意识的先锋，是浩瀚的可能性海洋中的一股新浪潮。在那扇门的另一边，是一个渴望新想法、新领导的世界。）”可知，这是给毕业生的演讲。A.勇敢的士兵；B.年轻的毕业生；C.可能的客户；D.成功的商人。故选B。 61．细节理解。根据文章第二段“I’ve been out therefor the past 30 years. She’s a wild cat! She’ll rub up against your leg and purr until you pick her up and start petting her. And then out of nowhere, she'll swat (猛击) you in the face. Sure it’s rough sometimes but that’s OK.（她是只野猫!她会摩擦你的腿，呜呜叫，直到你把她抱起来，开始抚摸她。然后不知从哪里冒出来，她会在你脸上拍。当然有时候会很艰难，但没关系。）”可知，此处演讲者，用小野猫来比喻外面的世界，是为了突出外部世界的“不断变化的和不可预测的”。A.为了表明外界对新思想和新领导的渴望；B.表明外面的世界充满了危险和困难；C.为了表明外部世界是不断变化和不可预测的；D.为了表明外部世界会奖励那些满足其需求的人。故选C。 62．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“I learned many great lessons from my father, not the least of which was that you can fail at what you don’t want so you might as well take a chance doing what you love.（我从父亲那里学到了很多重要的东西，其中最重要的是你可能会在你不想要的事情上失败，所以你不妨冒险做你喜欢的事情。）”可知，演讲者鼓励大家去追寻自己喜欢的东西。A.批评他的父亲不能为家庭提供良好的生活；B.鼓励观众去冒险，去追求自己喜欢的东西；C.建议在建立成功的职业生涯中，激情比实用性更重要；D.建议听众放弃安全的职业，选择更冒险的追求。故选B项。 63．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Oh, and why not take a chance on faith as well? Take a chance on faith. Not religion, but faith. Not hope, but faith. I don’t believe in hope. Hope is a beggar. Hope walks through the fire and faith leaps over it. （哦，为什么不试试信仰呢?在信仰上冒一次险。不是宗教，而是信仰。不是希望，而是信念。我不相信希望。希望是一个乞丐。希望走过烈火，信念跃过烈火。）”可知，“Oh, and why not take a chance on faith as well?”用了“反问句”；“Not religion, but faith. Not hope, but faith. I don’t believe in hope.”用了“反复”；“Hope is a beggar.”用了比喻；“Hope walks through the fire and faith leaps over it. ”用了拟人，故选C。 （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）“Twelve years ago, I was a professional dancer and black belt in taekwondo (跆拳道) when a disease went undiagnosed and wiped out my muscular system. I finally ended up on life support in intensive care unit with organ failure,” Kaufman recalled. “I went from living this big life to not knowing how I was going to survive. Fortunately, on my birthday in 2009, I received a new heart and was given a second chance of life!” After volunteering in Los Angeles hospitals, Kaufman started the non-profit organization, Ava’s Heart. She and her organization offered transplant patients services that were often not covered by insurance, including food, gas, co-pays on medicines, and housing. “What I found out was that if you didn’t have post-transplant housing, you couldn’t get listed and admitted into the hospital,” Kaufman said. She learned that for the nearly110,000 people in the US waiting for a lifesaving organ transplant, it was not just a matter of adding their name to the list. Patients must be financially secure and be able to afford transportation. What’s more, they must find accommodations near their transplant hospital. Kaufman runs two housing locations, which allow the patients to remain close to their transplant hospital during the period of their aftercare, typically about three months at no cost. Her organization also helps donor families, which she thinks make the whole circle complete.” One organ donor can save eight lives and then there’s tissue and skin and eye sand blood vessels (血管) and so many other things,” Kaufman said. “The donor is the whole story. Without the donor, there are no transplant centers, no transplant surgeons, and no me. In my eyes, the donors are the heroes.” To date, Ava’s Heart has helped nearly 90 families with burial costs for their loved ones whose organs have saved lives. Kaufman also works to build relationships between receivers and donor families and spread awareness of the importance of organ donation. 64．Why did Kaufman talk about her memory in Paragraph 1? A．To illustrate the significance of life. B．To recall her plain and boring days. C．To indicate her motivation for paying back. D．To confirm her enthusiasm for the profession. 65．For a transplant patient, admission into the hospital requires ________. A．secure finance B．health insurance C．sufficient community service hours D．working experience in the hospital 66．Which of the following best describes Kaufman? A．Brave and caring. B．Grateful and warm-hearted. C．Considerate and hardworking. D．Sympathetic and easy-going. 67．What message does the text mainly convey? A．It’s better to give than to receive. B．Health matters much more than wealth. C．The blessed should bear the heart of giving. D．Volunteering makes the world a better place. 【答案】64．C 65．A 66．B 67．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了Kaufman在获得他人的器官捐献而重获新生后成立非营利组织去帮助其他病人的故事。 64．推理判断题。由第一段中的“I went from living this big life to not knowing how I was going to survive. Fortunately, on my birthday in 2009, I received a new heart and was given a second chance of life!”（我从过着美好的生活到不知道该如何活下去。幸运的是，在2009年我生日那天，我收到了一颗新的心脏，获得了第二次生命的机会！）和第二段“After volunteering in Los Angeles hospitals, Kaufman started the non-profit, Ava’s Heart. She and her organization offered transplant patients services that were often not covered by insurance, including food, gas, co-pays on medicines, and housing.”（在洛杉矶医院做志愿者后，考夫曼创办了非营利组织Ava’s Heart。她和她的组织为移植患者提供通常不在保险范围内的服务，包括食物、汽油、共同支付的药物和住房。）可知，第二段及下文都在讲她和她的非营利组织帮助其她病人的事情，这些都是源于第一段她被别人救了，所以第一段提及她的经历是为了表明她偿还（去帮助别人）的动机。故选C项。 65．细节理解题。由第三段中的“Patients must be financially secure and be able to afford transportation. What’s more, they must find accommodations near their transplant hospital. Kaufman runs two housing locations, which allow the patients to remain close to their transplant hospital during the period of their aftercare, typically about three months at no cost.”（患者必须有经济保障，并且能够负担得起交通费用。更重要的是，他们必须在移植医院附近找到住处：考夫曼经营着两个住宿地点，这使得患者在后期护理期间可以留在移植医院附近，通常大约三个月是免费的。）可知，病人必须有经济保障。故选A项。 66．推理判断题。由第二段中的“After volunteering in Los Angeles hospitals, Kaufman started the non-profit organization, Ava’s Heart.”（在洛杉矶医院做志愿者后，考夫曼创办了非营利组织 Ava's Heart。）可知，Kaufman被人帮助后成立了非营利组织去帮助其她病人，可知她感恩、热心。故选B项。 67．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由最后一段“To date, Ava’s Heart has helped nearly 90 families with burial costs for their loved ones whose organs have saved lives. Kaufman also works to build relationships between receivers and donor families and spread awareness of the importance of organ donation.”（迄今为止，Ava’s Heart 已经帮助了近 90 个家庭，为他们的亲人支付了丧葬费用，他们的器官挽救了无数生命。考夫曼还与接受捐赠的人密切合作，与捐赠者家庭建立关系，并传播对器官捐赠重要性的认识。）可知，Kaufman有爱心、懂得感恩，她获得保佑，获得了别人捐赠的器官而重获新生，所以选项C“The blessed should bear the heart of giving.”（有福之人应当有施予之心。）符合题意。故选C项。 （24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）I was born and raised in England in a culture where respecting other people’s privacy and “keeping yourself to yourself” were valued. Speaking to strangers was not encouraged. People were most hospitable (好客的) and friendly. However, I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US, where I found traditions of hospitality and politeness very different. I experienced Italian hospitality first-hand on a crowded railway carriage travelling from Genoa to Florence. Sinking gratefully into an empty seat, I was scolded in rapid Italian by a gentleman who was returning to the seat — it had not been “spare” after all, so I apologized in English, and got up to allow him back into the seat. The gentleman obviously had no understanding of the English language, but he realized my sincere apology. He smiled and gestured for me to remain in the seat, and he himself remained standing in the corridor for the rest of the journey. The other passengers smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome among them. I feel that if this had been in England, a foreigner who made a mistake would not always be so kindly treated. Transport also showed the differences between the English and American culture. I flew to New York on a plane with mainly English passengers. We sat together in near silence. Nobody spoke to me nor, as I expected, to anyone else they did not know. They felt it was not polite to interrupt someone else’s privacy. However, when I travelled across the US, whether by plane or Greyhound bus, I was never short of conversation. Conversation was going on all around me and whoever sat next to me was happy to introduce themselves and ask me about myself. They obviously felt it would have been rude not to speak to another person, whether they were strangers or not. 68．What do we know about the passengers when the author was travelling in Italy? A．They were all on the side of the gentleman. B．They all laughed at the author for his mistake. C．They would not bear a mistake like the author’s in public. D．They all showed their understanding of the author’s mistake. 69．What does the underlined word “scolded” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Shouted. B．Surprised. C．Praised. D．Blamed. 70．Why did English passengers sit in near silence according to the last paragraph? A．Everybody was deeply lost in thought. B．They were all strangers to each other. C．Respecting privacy was valued in England. D．They were too tired to speak to anyone. 71．What can be the best title for the text? A．Understand Each Other B．The Importance of Privacy C．Different Ways of Hospitality and Politeness D．My Unforgettable Travelling Experience Abroad 【答案】68．D 69．D 70．C 71．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的旅行经历说明了不同文化中人们表现“好客”和“礼貌”的方式不一样。 68．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The other passengers smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome among them.(其他乘客对我微笑着点了点头，让我在他们中间感到很受欢迎。)”可知，车厢里的其他乘客都对作者点头微笑，说明他们理解作者的错误，对作者的错误很宽容。故选D。 69．词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“so I apologized in English, and got up to allow him back into the seat”可知，作者道歉说明作者被批评，画线词是“责备”的意思，与blame意为一致。故选D。 70．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They felt it was not polite to interrupt someone else’s privacy.(他们觉得打断别人的隐私是不礼貌的。)”可知，英国乘客都不说话是因为他们国家的传统认为打扰别人的清净是很不礼貌的，因此英国重视尊重别人不受干扰的状态。故选C。 71．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“However, I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US, where I found traditions of hospitality and politeness very different.(然而，我很幸运地在意大利和美国待了一段时间，在那里我发现好客和礼貌的传统非常不同。)”可知，作者通过描述自己在意大利和美国的旅行经历来说明不同文化中人们表现“好客”和“礼貌”的方式不一样。故C项“好客和礼貌的不同方式”切题。故选C。 （23-24高一上·四川绵阳·期中）Previous studies have suggested children who spend their days looking out of the window instead of paying attention may be among the cleverest pupils. The latest study, however, suggests in the long run constantly daydreaming will leave children struggling to keep up with their peers. Dr Agnieszka Graham, a lecturer in applied developmental psychology at Queen’s University Belfast, said, “In school, often children can get in trouble for mind wandering. It is sometimes viewed as a sign of disrespect or misbehavior if they are not paying attention.” The study, conducted by Queen’s University Belfast, is the first to deal with the impact of so-called “mind wandering” on learning in young children. The researchers played a story about a fictional pharaoh (法老) in ancient Egypt to 97 children aged 6-11 and asked them a question every two minutes to check if they were paying attention. The study found that mind wandering had a significant impact on learning, as children who daydreamed the most remembered less about the story. The researchers discovered the children’s minds wandered a quarter of the time, and they could not help it. According to the study, daydreaming during a classroom-style listening activity is not only common but also harmful to memory in children. And because the impact of daydreaming is so clear, teachers should consider how they teach young children to reduce mind wandering. However, the research has found children, like adults, are unable to fully concentrate all the time; it’s likely that their minds will wander several times in a typical school day. The findings show that further exploring the causes and consequences of mind wandering in these early years at school could provide a solid foundation for developing interventions (干预), which will help children find out when their attention drifts away from the present task and refocus their attention. 72．Why did Queen’s University Belfast conduct the study? A．To improve children’s memory. B．To learn a story about ancient Egypt. C．To check children’s attention in class. D．To research the influence of mind wandering. 73．What might the researchers advise teachers to do? A．Help with further research. B．Help children concentrate. C．Reduce their own mind wandering. D．Work harder while teaching young. 74．What does the underlined word drifts in the last paragraph mean? A．Breaks. B．Remains. C．Moves. D．Sticks. 75．What’s the author’s attitude to children’s mind wandering? A．Concerned. B．Supportive. C．Uninterested. D．Unclear. 【答案】72．D 73．B 74．C 75．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究表明，走神会影响学生在校的学习表现。 72．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study, conducted by Queen’s University Belfast, is the first to deal with the impact of so-called “mind wandering” on learning in young children.(这项由贝尔法斯特女王大学进行的研究首次探讨了所谓的“走神”对幼儿学习的影响。)”可知，贝尔法斯特女王大学进行这项研究是为了探索走神对幼儿学习的影响。故选D。 73．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And because the impact of daydreaming is so clear, teachers should consider how they teach young children to reduce mind wandering.(由于幻想的影响是如此明显，教师应该考虑如何教幼儿减少走神。)”可知，教师应该考虑如何让幼儿学习减少走神，即帮助幼儿学习集中注意力。故选B。 74．词句猜测题。根据“The findings show that further exploring the causes and consequences of mind wandering in these early years at school could provide a solid foundation for developing interventions(干预), which will help children find out when their attention drifts away from the present task and refocus their attention.(研究结果表明，进一步探索在学校早期走神的原因和后果，可以为制定干预措施奠定坚实的基础，这将有助于儿童发现他们的注意力何时drifts离了当前的任务，并重新集中注意力。)”可知，“their attention drifts away from the present task”和“refocus their attention”表达相反的意思，后者指重新集中注意力，前者应是说注意力从当前任务移开。drift意为“缓缓移动”，与move意思一致。故选C。 75．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The latest study, however, suggests in the long run constantly daydreaming will leave children struggling to keep up with their peers.(然而，最新的研究表明，从长远来看，不断做白日梦会让孩子们难以跟上同龄人的步伐。)”和“In school, often children can get in trouble for mind wandering. It is sometimes viewed as a sign of disrespect or misbehavior if they are not paying attention.(在学校里，孩子们经常会因为走神而遇到麻烦。如果他们不注意，有时会被视为不尊重或不当行为的表现。)”以及第三段中的“According to the study, daydreaming during a classroom-style listening activity is not only common but also harmful to memory in children.(根据这项研究，在课堂式听力活动中做白日梦不仅很常见，而且对儿童的记忆力也有害。)”可知，作者提出了最新研究的观点，其认为走神会影响孩子的学习表现，并讲述了孩子走神时会遭遇的麻烦以及后果，由此可推测出，作者对走神这一问题持关心的态度。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$