Unit 1 Relationships Lesson 1 Teachers 现在完成时&过去完成时 导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册

现在完成时&过去完成时 (Present Perfect&Past Perfect) 1、 现在完成时（Present Perfect） has/have done 1. 表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或结果。 常用的状语有already，ever，just(刚刚)，yet等。 e.g. He has already turned off the light. = __________________________ 他已经关灯了。 2. 表示一个动作开始于过去，一直持续到现在。 常与之连用的时间状语有lately，recently，until now，up to now，so far，by now，ever since，since，in the last(past) few days/years，for+一段时间等。 e.g. In the past few years，great changes ___________________(take place) in my hometown. 在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。 Exercise: 1. I ______________ (drive) for thirty years, and I’m not going to stop now. 【详解】句意：我已经开了30年车了，现在我不会停下来的。根据“for thirty year”可知，此处用___________。 2. It's reported that the temperature___________(climb) quickly since this morning. 【详解】句意：据报道，从今天早上开始气温迅速上升。since自从...，要用___________，即__________+过去分词，temperature属于第三人称单数，要用________。 3. (2018新课标II卷) Since 2011, the country________(grow) more corn than rice. 【详解】句意：自2011年以来，与水稻相比，该国种植了更多的玉米。句中since表示“自从”，是_________时的标志词，且主语the country是单数，谓语动词应用____________________。 4. （2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao ______________(walk) through 34 countries in six continents. 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用_________，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用_________。 2、 过去完成时（Past Perfect） had done 用法1：强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前，即“过去的过去” Hong Kong _________(return) to China in 1997. Macao __________(return) to China in 1999. Hong Kong ____________(return) to China before Macao came back to China. 用法2：表示一个动作或状态从过去某一时间之前已经开始，此动作一直持续或将继续下去。 I ____________(learn) English for 10 years when I graduated. He ____________(stay) here for two days before he left.: 时间标志词 by then ________________ by the end of ______________ by that time _____________ until then______________ before__________________ by the time+一般过去时的从句______________ 过去分词的变化 1. 规则变化 2. 常见不规则动词过去式和过去分词 动词原型 过去式 过去分词 动词原型 过去式 过去分词 be leave have know do drink come eat go choose take break make fly Exercise: 1. It was the ninth time that the team________ (win) the championship. 【详解】考查固定句型。句意： 这是该队第九次赢得冠军。it is/was the+序数词+time+that+句子，表示“第几次做……”，主句用is，从句用________时；主句用was，从句用________时，所以此处应用________时，在that从句中主语the team和动词win是_______关系，故填had。 2. By the time I got to school, the first play ______ (be) on for nearly half an hour. 【详解】考查时态。句意：我到学校时，第一场戏已经上演了将近半个小时。根据上文By the time I got to school可知为________时。 3. When she realized that she had left her handbag in the taxi, the taxi _________ (disappear). 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当她意识到她把手提包忘在出租车上时，出租车已经不见了。分析句子结构可知，主句缺少谓语动词，disappear发生在________之前，表示“过去的过去”，需用________时。 常使用完成时的句型 1. It was/ had been+段时间+ since从句，从句用_________时； It is/ has been+一段时间+ since从句，从句用_________时。 It was ten years since we ________(have) such a wonderful time. 我们十年没这么高兴了。 It is three years since he ________(join) the army. 他参军已经三年了。 2. It is the first/ second/time+that从句，从句用_________时； It was the first/ second/time+that从句，从句用_________时。 It is the first time that I __________(be) here. 这是我第一次到这里来。 It was the first time that he ____________(listen) so attentively. 这是他第一次那么认真地听讲。 3. That/This/It is/was+the+最高级+名词+定语从句，从句常用完成时。 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的一部电影。 That dinner was the most expensive meal we had ever had. 那是我们吃过的最贵的一顿饭。 总结小练： 1. I washed my hands after I ___________ (clean) the dishes. 2. By now, the bird _________(make) many swan friends there, and it is living a happy life. It’s really a happy ending. 3. My life ________(be)very miserable since she died. 4. John _________ (be) an artist before he _________ (become) a musician. 5. Where _________ (you/be) after I _________ (see) you at the park? 6. My grandparents __________ (know) each other for a year before they _______ (get) married. 7. My sister _________ (play) a lot after she ___________ (finish) the midterm exam. 8. How many coffees _____________ (she/drink) before the interview? 9. It has been three years since he ________(leave) Beijing. 10. It was just a week since I ____________(arrive) here. 11. This is the first time that I ____________(hear) him sing. 12. I was lucky because that was the first time that I ____________(not work) on a Saturday. 13. This is the most unforgettable person I _________(have) in all these years. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$