-tain-来自于-ten-tenere to hold, to stretch伸手抓住 讲解课件-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

含有-tain-的词汇总结 abstain, contain,detain, entertain,maitain, pertain, obtain,retain,sustain tenere "to hold" (from PIE root *ten- "to stretch") 1.abstain/ əbˈsteɪn / v.离开，回避withhold, keep back, keep off；戒除，抑制hold (oneself) back, practice abstinence, eep free from sin or vice; live austerely, practice abstinence or asceticism;弃权，不投票 refrain from voting ab "off, away from" (see ab-) + tenere "to hold" (from PIE root *ten- "to stretch") 例句：He swore to abstain from smoking. 他发誓要戒烟。 2.detain/ dɪˈteɪn / v.拘留，扣押,耽搁，阻留 de "from, away" (see de-) + tenere "to hold" (from PIE root *te n- "to stretch") hold off, keep back, to hold in custody, keep or restrain from proceeding 例句：Police have _____（detain） two suspects in connection with the attack.警方拘留了2名与该袭击事件有关的嫌疑人。 detained detain的拓展词： detainer/ dɪˈteɪnə(r) / n. one who detains挽留者 detainee/ ˌdiːteɪˈniː /n.未判决囚犯；被扣押者 detainment/ dɪˈteɪnmənt /n.扣留；延误；挽留act of detaining detention/ dɪˈtenʃn / n. act of keeping back or withholding拘留，关押；（作为惩罚的）课后留校 3.contain/ kənˈteɪn / v.抓在一起，包含hold together com "with, together" (see con-) + tenere "to hold" (from PIE root *ten- "to stretch"). have something inside, enclose, to have (something) as a constituent part, "restrain (someone), control (oneself), behave (in a certain way). 例句： The envelope ________（contain） a Christmas card. Watermelon _________ （ contain）vitamins and also potassium.西瓜含有维生素也有钾。 contains/contained contains contain的派生词： container / kənˈteɪnə(r) / n. 容器，货柜，集装箱 containment / kənˈteɪnmənt / n. contain + -ment action or fact of containing控制，抑制；（对他国力量的）遏制 4. entertain/ ˌentəˈteɪn / v.使有兴趣，使快乐,招待，请客；心存，怀有（想法、希望、感觉等） entre- "among" (from Latin inter; see inter-) + tenir "to hold" (from Latin tenere, from PIE root *ten- "to stretch"). to keep up, maintain, to keep (someone) in a certain frame of mind, hold together, stick together, support,to have a guest, to gratify, amuse. 例句： They were ____________（entertain）by top singers, dancers and celebrities.他们饶有兴趣地看了顶级歌手、舞蹈演员和名流们的演出。 entertained entertain的派生词： entertaining /ˌentəˈteɪnɪŋ/ a.使人愉快的，娱乐性的 entertainment n.娱乐；招待 entertainer n.表演者 5. maintain / meɪnˈteɪn /v.保持,维持 from manu, ablative of manus “hand” (from PIE root *man- (2) “hand”) + tenere “to hold” (from PIE root *ten- “to stretch”). hold in hand，to support, uphold, aid， hold in an existing state or condition, keep in existence or continuance,to carry on, keep up. maintain 的派生词： maintainable/ meɪnˈteɪnəbl / a.可维持的；可主张的；可维修的 maintenance/ ˈmeɪntənəns / n. 维护，维修；保持；生活费用 maintainer/ meɪnˈteɪnə(r) / n.维修工；保持器 6.pertain/ pəˈteɪn / v.适合，关于，适用 If one thing pertains to another, it relates, belongs, or applies to it. 与…相关; 属于; 适于 from per "through" (from PIE root *per- (1) "forward," hence "through") + tenere "to hold" (from PIE root *ten- "to stretch"). "to belong to as a possession or an adjunct; belong to as one's care or concern," also "have reference to.“ 例句：The criteria will be different from those that pertain elsewhere.这里的标准将不同于其他地方适用的标准。 pertain的派生词： appertain/ ˌæpəˈteɪn /v. 属于；和……有关；适合，适用belong as parts to the whole, or as members to a family or class; pertinent/ ˈpɜːtɪnənt / a.切题的，相关的 pertinency/ ˈpɜːrtnənsi / n.相关性，有关性；适切，妥当 7.obtain/ əbˈteɪn /v. （尤指通过艰难的过程）得到，获得 from ob "in front of" (though perhaps intensive in this case; see ob-) + tenere "to hold" (from PIE root *ten- "to stretch") 例句：Underage youths can obtain alcohol from their older friends.未到法定年龄的孩子可以从他们年长的朋友那里得到酒。 obtain的派生词： obtainable/ əbˈteɪnəb(ə)l / a. reobtain v.重新获得：再次获得或恢复失去的东西。*（re-again再一次,obtain） 8.retain/ rɪˈteɪn / v. 保持，保留 continue keeping of, keep possession of, keep attached to one's person. 例句：The interior of the shop still ______ （retain）a nineteenth-century atmosphere. retains retain的派生词： retainer/ rɪˈteɪnə(r) / n.保持器；家臣dependent or follower of a person ；保持者；[机] 护圈；预付费用 retinue / ˈretɪnjuː / n.随行人员；扈从a body of retainers, a number or company of persons retained in the service of someone; retentive/ rɪˈtentɪv / a.保持的；记性好的 Luke had an amazingly retentive memory. 卢克记忆力惊人。 9.sustain/ səˈsteɪn /v.保持；维持……的生命 例句：The cash dividends they get from the cash crop would sustain them during the lean season.他们从经济作物中得到的那些现金红利能支撑他们度过歉收季节。 Which planets can sustain life? 哪些行星可以维持生命的存在？ sustain的派生词： sustainable / səˈsteɪnəb(ə)l / a. sustainability/ səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti / n. sustainment n. sustenance/ ˈsʌstənəns / n.食物；生计；支持 sustentation/ ˌsʌstenˈteɪʃ(ə)n / n.支撑，维持；食物 $$