精品解析：江苏省启东中学2024-2025学年高三上学期8月期初调研英语试题

2025届江苏启东中学8月期初调研 高三年级英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 试题总分：150分 注意事项 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、班级、学校在答题卡上填写清楚。 2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试卷上作答无效。 3.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 略 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Weekend trips in Europe can be a truly magical experience, from the sunny beaches of Greece to the rolling hills of Italy. The following destinations are places that are easily accessible and offer incredible experiences that you’ll always remember. Hallstatt, Austria Hallstatt, famous for its alpine houses, crystal clear lake, and snow-capped mountains, is among Earth’s most picturesque destinations. Activities include exploring salt mines and ancient churches, and taking a boat trip on Lake Hallstatt or visiting the nearby Dachstein Ice Cave, promising unforgettable experiences. Paris, France Paris, with its iconic Eiffel Tower, winding streets, and charming cafes, is a top destination for couples seeking an unforgettable weekend. Whether exploring the City of Light or snuggling up in its gardens, Paris promises endless romance and cherished memories. For a weekend of European romance and adventure, look no further than Paris! Zakynthos, Greece Zakynthos, also called Zante, is famous as one of Europe’s most breathtaking islands, boasting white beaches, unspoiled nature, and crystal clear blue waters. It’s a top choice for a relaxing weekend break, offering activities like boat trips to the Blue Caves and exploring local pubs. Florence, Italy Florence’s breathtaking architecture, rich history, and Mediterranean climate make it ideal for a weekend getaway in Europe. Its small size allows you to explore extensively in just two days. Don’t miss the chance to learn to make gelato, pasta and pizza in a Florence cooking class, especially if you’re a food enthusiast. 1. Where can you enjoy the boat trip? A. In Hallstatt and Paris. B. In Zakynthos and Florence. C. In Hallstatt and Zakynthos. D. In Paris and Florence. 2. Why is Florence considered an ideal city for a weekend trip? A. For its salt mines and ancient churches. B. For its architecture, history, and climate. C For its famous Blue Caves and relaxing atmosphere. D. For its large size and vast exploration opportunities. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A travel guide. B. An educational novel. C. A science fiction. D. A research paper. B When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention. 7. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. C Globally, about 192.1 million animals are used annually for experimental purposes. Iran has conducted animal-based research dating back to the time of Ibn Sina. Although, like many countries, Iran regulates the use and treatment of laboratory animals, it lacks sufficient enforcement. To ensure ethical treatment of research animals, Iran needs better data about their use, and institutions and individuals need to take responsibility for their care. Iran’s Ministry of Health, which oversees animal testing, requires all animals are treated according to international ethical standards. However, some institutions that produce or use animals provide substandard treatment, disregarding the ministry’s guidelines. To facilitate better enforcement of established regulations, Iran needs clear, accurate and reliable information about the quantity of animals used in research. All Iranian research institutions that use animals should be required to collect and report annual data on the number of animals they use, the conditions in which the animals are kept, and the animals’ research purpose. Such data would allow Iran to track each institution’s adherence (遵守) to the “3Rs”of animal research: Replacing animal-based experiments with alternative strategies, reducing the number of animals used, and refining techniques to minimize the pain and discomfort research animals experience. In addition to government enforcement, individual institutions should prioritize the replacement, reduction, and refinement of animal use. Iran’s medical schools and research institutions should establish an accessible database with comprehensive experimental details to prevent excessive animal studies. Ethics committees shouldn’t approve experiments that use more animals than necessary or methods that require animals when alternative methods are available. In some cases, technical sampling (using a small sample size) can replace experimental sampling (using a relatively large sample size). Individuals should also take an active role. All researchers must be trained to adhere to ethical principles and understand unnecessary pain or discomfort in animals could affect the interpretation of data. Maintaining international ethical standards for animal treatment is vital for Iran to establish its global standing in the field of medical sciences. Iran’s government, institutions, individual scientists, and public can work together to ensure ethical animal research. 8. What is the main idea of paragraph 1? A. The origin of Iran’s animal-based research. B. The regulations of Iran’s research into animals. C. The development of Iran’s animal-based research. D. Moral concerns for Iran’s research animals’ welfare. 9. Why does Iran need better data about the use of research animals? A. To follow the ministry’s guidelines. B. To be in control of animal-based research. C. To ensure the adherence to the “3Rs” in animal-based research. D. To replace animal-based experiments with alternative strategies. 10. Why should a database with overall experimental details be established? A To follow government regulations. B. To reduce unnecessary animal-based studies. C. To make research more visible to the public. D. To ensure the accuracy of experimental results. 11. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To encourage cooperation for ethical animal-based research in Iran. B. To promote the use of an accessible experimental database in Iran. C. To highlight ethics committees’ role in animal-based research in Iran. D. To stress international ethical standards in animal-based research in Iran. D Today, poetry and science are often considered to be completely separate career paths. However, that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. Similarly, the poet John Keats was also a licensed surgeon. The combination of these disciplines fell out of favor in the 1800s. Recently, however, there has been a reappearance of interest among scientists in expressing their research through poetry, such as lyrics and haiku, as alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. “Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world,” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki, participated in one of Illingworth’s workshops where she and fellow scientists were tasked with writing haikus that highlighted water, a common theme in their research. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do harm ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas,” Mazon says. That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts,” he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees, noting that poetry simplifies complex scientific concepts into language that everyone can understand. Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The distinction between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share. 12. What trend has been observed recently among scientists? A. A decline in interest in poetry and science. B. A preference for traditional research methods. C. An increase in combining science and poetry. D. A focus on historical figures like Ada Lovelace. 13. How does Sam Illingworth bridge the gap between science and the public? A. By translating classic poetry into different languages. B. By teaching at the University of Western Australia. C. By advocating for more funding in geoscience research. D. By organizing workshops and publishing a science-poetry journal. 14. How did Stephany Mazon feel about the experience of writing a haiku in the workshop? A. It was challenging and difficult. B. It was enjoyable and straightforward. C. It was a waste of time. D. It was too artistic for her taste. 15. What is one advantage of using poetry for science communication? A. It simplifies complex scientific ideas for a general audience. B. It promotes academic research in universities. C. It replaces traditional boring science textbooks. D. It emphasizes the significance of public lectures. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are many customary differences between the West and the East, of which are some of China’s eating habits, which many Westerners would find quite hard to understand. ___16___ Not eating food dropped on a table I’ve seen the disgust (恶心) in people’s faces here when I’ve dropped food on the table only to then pick it up and eat it. ___17___ Our thought is, “A tabletop has had nothing but food on it. No one walks on it, sits on it or throws garbage on it. Why is it considered so dirty?” We don’t get it. ___18___ Westerners don’t want their food near the floor. Dust, germs, etc. are far more likely to get into the rice. I’ve been in several restaurants and nearly everyone I’ve seen puts their rice cookers on the floor. Eating dessert before a meal Every Western child’s dream would be to live in China for the purpose that he/she could eat the dessert before they eat their main meal. I’m not sure about this Western tradition of eating dessert last. In China, it doesn’t matter. ___19___ Westerners would find that very strange. Drinking hot water with your meal Often, it has been my experience that many. Chinese will not have a drink (water, tea, etc. ) with a meal. But, when they do, it is usually hot water. ___20___ However, we westerners like cold water or cold drinks. A. Putting rice cookers on the floor. B. The following are just some of them. C. Having noodles or rice every day. D. Americans do eat a lot of hamburgers. E. You can have ice cream before your meal. F. I’ve often heard that hot water is better for digestion than cold water. G. In the West, we clean our tabletops quite well. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you ever heard of and seen Canadian geese? Do you know that they ___21___ fresh grass and seeds? Canadian geese have a good ___22___ for their politeness. They always bow down to you whenever you walk by. However, I have recently found that they can sometimes be ___23___ to their peers, especially on occasions when they quarrel for food——yes, these ___24___ gentlemen do quarrel, just for something to eat Yesterday I witnessed two Canadian Geese arguing ___25___ for a clump(草丛) of beautiful fresh grass. The clump was ___26___ right in the middle of them, while the two were shouting noisily, stretching their necks as long as they could to look aggressively at each other. It’s ___27___ to witness the “impolite” side of Canadian geese. Hence, I couldn’t help ___28___ my morning walk, standing still to watch these “gentlemen” quarreling. Interestingly, after a short while, a truck roared past their feast, disturbing their ___29___ conversation. The two geese were equally ___30___ by the massive “monster”, thus giving up their conversation. Would they start quarreling again? I stood still, ___31___ the ridiculous question and waited. Beyond my expectation, right after the truck’s passing by, the two geese immediately lost their ___32___for quarreling as if they had forgotten all about what had happened. Even the two turned around and left the ___33___ in opposite directions as if nothing had happened. They left only me there, imagining what might have happened without the ___34___. They got along harmoniously again. Sometimes it’s not that bad to be ___35___. 21. A. draw on B. focus on C. feed on D. try on 22. A. desire B. reputation C. affection D. appetite 23. A. generous B. faithful C. weird D. rude 24. A. well-informed B. well-dressed C. well-behaved D. well-balanced 25. A. fiercely B. blindly C. cautiously D. gently 26. A. deserted B. located C. fixed D. laid 27. A. frequent B. rare C. common D. constant 28. A. restricting B. changing C. pausing D. speeding 29. A. desperate B. simple C. serious D. disharmonious 30. A. frightened B. annoyed C. crashed D. injured 31. A. finding out B. dealing with C. looking into D. wondering about 32. A. passion B. reason C. talent D. anxiety 33. A. scene B. destination C. landscape D. park 34. A. looker-on B. passer-by C. truck D. clump 35. A. upset B. forgetful C. mean D. greedy 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Silver jewelry made by the Miao ethnic group has been boosting rural development in Taijiang county, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture, Guizhou province. The jewelry is one of the brilliant ____36____ (treasure) of Miao culture. It boasts exquisite silver jewels and traditional crafts. For more than 400 years, people of Miao ethnic group ____37____ (stick) to the custom of decorating themselves with homemade silver ornaments ____38____ (enhance) their charm and show off their ____39____ (prosper) life. Its forging crafts was added to the national intangible cultural heritage list in May, which is not only a form of culture but also a ____40____ (carry) of culture. Driven by ethnic festivals and the public’s increasing passion ____41____ silver jewelry, the local tourism industry has developed quickly in recent years. To achieve further development, Taijiang county has worked ____42____(diligent) to develop the ethnic folk handicraft industry. According to ____43____ local Cultural and Tourism Bureau, by the end of 2021, there were 102 companies making silver jewelry, ____44____ total output value reached more than 100 million yuan ($ 13.68 million) and created 3,000 jobs for villagers, _____45_____ (lay) a solid foundation for the county to promote rural revitalization. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 现在人工智能越来越影响我们日常生活中的方方面面。请围绕这一话题写一篇文章。 应包含以下要点： 1. 人工智能带来的便利，例如在交通、家电和通信方面。 2. 它可能引发的潜在问题或挑战，如工作岗位被取代和隐私担忧。 3. 您对于如何充分利用人工智能并避免其负面影响的观点。 4. 80词左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When asked about why she chose to be a cadet (学员) firefighter, Ava Smith talked about her father’s action four months ago. “The girl he saved is going to live a whole life because of him. It’s incredible!” she said. Jonathan Smith, and his 13-year-old daughter, Ava, were driving on the 1.4-mile-long, two-lane Route 90 bridge, which spans (横跨) the shallow waters of Assawoman Bay. Suddenly the calm was disturbed by the scream of tyres. Not far ahead of them, a black pickup truck (小卡车) was sliding from one lane to the other. It crashed into a barrier, turned around like endless, and came to rest hanging over the edge of the bridge. Smith hit the brakes in time to avoid the vehicles in his path, but too late: he ran into a BMW directly ahead of him. Smith stopped the car. “Ava, are you OK?” he asked. She was obviously shocked, but unhurt. He ran to the BMW. “Are you OK?” he asked the driver. She nodded, too terrified to speak. And then another scream came from the pickup. The truck bed hung out past the railing (栏杆), about 10 meters above the waters of the bay. The driver’s door was pushed open and a man climbed out. He dropped to the ground, then ran to the railing. The man pointed down, saying something in Spanish to Smith. In the water was a car seat. Next to it was a girl, about two years old: pink dress, brown hair, brown eyes, floating on her back, kicking and shouting. Matters quickly went from bad to frightening when the baby girl rolled over onto her stomach. Smith waited for the pickup driver to do something, but he didn’t. Maybe he was in shock. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Ava!” Smith yelled, removing his shoes. “Stay by the car!” ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Standing, he laid her against his shoulder and beat her back hard. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025届江苏启东中学8月期初调研 高三年级英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 试题总分：150分 注意事项 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、班级、学校在答题卡上填写清楚。 2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试卷上作答无效。 3.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 略 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Weekend trips in Europe can be a truly magical experience, from the sunny beaches of Greece to the rolling hills of Italy. The following destinations are places that are easily accessible and offer incredible experiences that you’ll always remember. Hallstatt, Austria Hallstatt, famous for its alpine houses, crystal clear lake, and snow-capped mountains, is among Earth’s most picturesque destinations. Activities include exploring salt mines and ancient churches, and taking a boat trip on Lake Hallstatt or visiting the nearby Dachstein Ice Cave, promising unforgettable experiences. Paris, France Paris, with its iconic Eiffel Tower, winding streets, and charming cafes, is a top destination for couples seeking an unforgettable weekend. Whether exploring the City of Light or snuggling up in its gardens, Paris promises endless romance and cherished memories. For a weekend of European romance and adventure, look no further than Paris! Zakynthos, Greece Zakynthos, also called Zante, is famous as one of Europe’s most breathtaking islands, boasting white beaches, unspoiled nature, and crystal clear blue waters. It’s a top choice for a relaxing weekend break, offering activities like boat trips to the Blue Caves and exploring local pubs. Florence, Italy Florence’s breathtaking architecture, rich history, and Mediterranean climate make it ideal for a weekend getaway in Europe. Its small size allows you to explore extensively in just two days. Don’t miss the chance to learn to make gelato, pasta and pizza in a Florence cooking class, especially if you’re a food enthusiast. 1. Where can you enjoy the boat trip? A. In Hallstatt and Paris. B. In Zakynthos and Florence. C. In Hallstatt and Zakynthos. D. In Paris and Florence. 2. Why is Florence considered an ideal city for a weekend trip? A. For its salt mines and ancient churches. B. For its architecture, history, and climate. C. For its famous Blue Caves and relaxing atmosphere. D. For its large size and vast exploration opportunities. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A travel guide. B. An educational novel. C. A science fiction. D. A research paper. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了欧洲周末旅行目的地，列举了奥地利的哈尔施塔特、法国的巴黎、希腊的扎金索斯和意大利的佛罗伦萨作为推荐的旅游地点，并分别介绍了这些地方的特色和活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文“Hallstatt, famous for its alpine houses, crystal clear lake, and snow-capped mountains, is among Earth’s most picturesque destinations. Activities include exploring salt mines and ancient churches, and taking a boat trip on Lake Hallstatt or visiting the nearby Dachstein Ice Cave, promising unforgettable experiences.(哈尔施塔特以其高山房屋、清澈的湖泊和白雪皑皑的山脉而闻名，是地球上最风景如画的目的地之一。活动包括探索盐矿和古老的教堂，以及在哈尔施塔特湖上乘船游览或参观附近的达赫斯坦冰洞，保证您拥有难忘的体验。)”以及“Zakynthos, also called Zante, is famous as one of Europe’s most breathtaking islands, boasting white beaches, unspoiled nature, and crystal clear blue waters. It’s a top choice for a relaxing weekend break, offering activities like boat trips to the Blue Caves and exploring local pubs.(扎金索斯岛，也被称为桑特岛，是欧洲最令人叹为观止的岛屿之一，拥有白色沙滩、未受破坏的自然环境和清澈的蓝色海水。它是周末休闲度假的首选之地，提供前往蓝洞的游船之旅和探索当地酒吧等活动。)”可知，在哈尔施塔特和扎金索斯岛可以乘船游览，故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文“Florence’s breathtaking architecture, rich history, and Mediterranean climate make it ideal for a weekend getaway in Europe.(佛罗伦萨令人叹为观止的建筑、丰富的历史和地中海气候使其成为欧洲周末度假的理想之地。)”可知，佛罗伦萨因其建筑、历史和气候被认为是周末旅行的理想城市，故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文“The following destinations are places that are easily accessible and offer incredible experiences that you’ll always remember.(以下目的地都是容易到达的地方，为您提供难以忘怀的奇妙体验。)”以及下文分别介绍了哈尔施塔特、巴黎、扎金索斯岛和佛罗伦萨四个旅游目的地，可以推知这篇文章可能来自一本旅游指南，故选A项。 B When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention. 7. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。 【点睛】 C Globally, about 192.1 million animals are used annually for experimental purposes. Iran has conducted animal-based research dating back to the time of Ibn Sina. Although, like many countries, Iran regulates the use and treatment of laboratory animals, it lacks sufficient enforcement. To ensure ethical treatment of research animals, Iran needs better data about their use, and institutions and individuals need to take responsibility for their care. Iran’s Ministry of Health, which oversees animal testing, requires all animals are treated according to international ethical standards. However, some institutions that produce or use animals provide substandard treatment, disregarding the ministry’s guidelines. To facilitate better enforcement of established regulations, Iran needs clear, accurate and reliable information about the quantity of animals used in research. All Iranian research institutions that use animals should be required to collect and report annual data on the number of animals they use, the conditions in which the animals are kept, and the animals’ research purpose. Such data would allow Iran to track each institution’s adherence (遵守) to the “3Rs”of animal research: Replacing animal-based experiments with alternative strategies, reducing the number of animals used, and refining techniques to minimize the pain and discomfort research animals experience. In addition to government enforcement, individual institutions should prioritize the replacement, reduction, and refinement of animal use. Iran’s medical schools and research institutions should establish an accessible database with comprehensive experimental details to prevent excessive animal studies. Ethics committees shouldn’t approve experiments that use more animals than necessary or methods that require animals when alternative methods are available. In some cases, technical sampling (using a small sample size) can replace experimental sampling (using a relatively large sample size). Individuals should also take an active role. All researchers must be trained to adhere to ethical principles and understand unnecessary pain or discomfort in animals could affect the interpretation of data. Maintaining international ethical standards for animal treatment is vital for Iran to establish its global standing in the field of medical sciences. Iran’s government, institutions, individual scientists, and public can work together to ensure ethical animal research. 8. What is the main idea of paragraph 1? A. The origin of Iran’s animal-based research. B. The regulations of Iran’s research into animals. C. The development of Iran’s animal-based research. D. Moral concerns for Iran’s research animals’ welfare. 9. Why does Iran need better data about the use of research animals? A. To follow the ministry’s guidelines. B. To be in control of animal-based research. C. To ensure the adherence to the “3Rs” in animal-based research. D. To replace animal-based experiments with alternative strategies. 10. Why should a database with overall experimental details be established? A. To follow government regulations. B. To reduce unnecessary animal-based studies. C. To make research more visible to the public. D. To ensure the accuracy of experimental results. 11. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To encourage cooperation for ethical animal-based research in Iran. B. To promote the use of an accessible experimental database in Iran. C. To highlight ethics committees’ role in animal-based research in Iran. D. To stress international ethical standards in animal-based research in Iran. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋中的海草在吸收碳和对抗气候变化中的重要作用，以及海草面临的威胁及其适应环境并生存下来的能力。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Globally, about 192.1 million animals are used annually for experimental purposes.(全球每年约有1.921亿只动物被用于实验目的。)”可知，全球很多动物被用于实验目的，结合首段尾句“To ensure ethical treatment of research animals, Iran needs better data about their use, and institutions and individuals need to take responsibility for their care.(为了确保研究用动物得到合乎伦理的待遇，伊朗需要关于它们使用的更好数据，机构和个人需要对它们的照料负责。)”可知，伊朗需要确保研究用的动物得到合乎伦理的待遇，由此可知，此段主要讲的是伊朗动物实验研究中对实验动物的道德待遇监管和执法不足的问题。故选D项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。第二段中的“Such data would allow Iran to track each institution’s adherence (遵守) to the ‘3Rs’ of animal research: Replacing animal-based experiments with alternative strategies, reducing the number of animals used, and refining techniques to minimize the pain and discomfort research animals experience.(这些数据将使伊朗能够跟踪每个机构对动物研究“3r”的遵守情况：用替代策略取代基于动物的实验，减少使用的动物数量，改进技术以尽量减少研究动物所经历的痛苦和不适。)”可知，这些数据将使伊朗能够跟踪每个机构对动物研究“3r”的遵守情况，由此可知，收集数据的目的是为了确保各机构对“3Rs”原则的遵守，“3Rs”原则包括替换动物实验、减少动物使用数量和改进技术以减少动物的痛苦和不适。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Ethics committees shouldn’t approve experiments that use more animals than necessary or methods that require animals when alternative methods are available.(伦理委员会不应该批准使用过多动物的实验，或者在有替代方法的情况下需要动物的方法。)”可知，伦理委员会不应批准使用过多的动物实验，或者是用其他方法替代拿动物做研究，由此可知，建立伦理委员会的目的是减少不必要的动物实验。选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Maintaining international ethical standards for animal treatment is vital for Iran to establish its global standing in the field of medical sciences. Iran’s government, institutions, individual scientists, and public can work together to ensure ethical animal research.(维持对待动物的国际道德标准对伊朗建立其在医学领域的全球地位至关重要。伊朗政府、机构、科学家个人和公众可以共同努力，确保动物研究合乎道德。)”可知，伊朗要在医学领域的全球地位，需要建立维持对待动物的国际道德标准，需要伊朗政府、机构、科学家个人和公众共同努力，由此可知，尾段的主要目标是鼓励各方合作，确保伊朗进行道德动物研究。故选A项。 D Today, poetry and science are often considered to be completely separate career paths. However, that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. Similarly, the poet John Keats was also a licensed surgeon. The combination of these disciplines fell out of favor in the 1800s. Recently, however, there has been a reappearance of interest among scientists in expressing their research through poetry, such as lyrics and haiku, as alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. “Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world,” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki, participated in one of Illingworth’s workshops where she and fellow scientists were tasked with writing haikus that highlighted water, a common theme in their research. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do harm ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas,” Mazon says. That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts,” he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees, noting that poetry simplifies complex scientific concepts into language that everyone can understand. Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others The distinction between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share. 12. What trend has been observed recently among scientists? A. A decline in interest in poetry and science. B. A preference for traditional research methods. C. An increase in combining science and poetry. D. A focus on historical figures like Ada Lovelace. 13. How does Sam Illingworth bridge the gap between science and the public? A. By translating classic poetry into different languages. B By teaching at the University of Western Australia. C. By advocating for more funding in geoscience research. D. By organizing workshops and publishing a science-poetry journal. 14. How did Stephany Mazon feel about the experience of writing a haiku in the workshop? A. It was challenging and difficult. B. It was enjoyable and straightforward. C. It was a waste of time. D. It was too artistic for her taste. 15. What is one advantage of using poetry for science communication? A. It simplifies complex scientific ideas for a general audience. B. It promotes academic research in universities. C. It replaces traditional boring science textbooks. D. It emphasizes the significance of public lectures. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。最近，科学家们又重新对通过诗歌来表达他们的研究产生了兴趣，用诗歌将复杂的科学概念简化为人人都能理解的语言。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Recently, however, there has been a reappearance of interest among scientists in expressing their research through poetry, such as lyrics and haiku, as alternative ways to inspire others with their findings.(然而，最近，科学家们又重新对通过诗歌(如抒情诗和俳句)来表达他们的研究产生了兴趣，作为用他们的发现激励他人的另一种方式。)”可知，最近，科学与诗歌结合的现象增加了。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience , Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field.(通过研讨会和一本名为consilience的新科学诗歌杂志，伊林沃思正在帮助科学家将他们的最新成果转化为诗歌，以吸引其直接科学领域以外的人的欣赏。)”可知，通过组织研讨会和出版科学诗歌杂志，Illingworth弥合了科学与公众之间的鸿沟的。故选D项。 14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“‘It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,’ Mazon says.(‘这很有趣，而且写这首诗出奇地容易，’Mazon说。)”可知，Stephany Mazon认为在工作坊写俳句有趣、简单。故填B项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees, noting that poetry simplifies complex scientific concepts into language that everyone can understand.(科学家诗人、伦敦帝国理工学院的教育家Manjula Silva对此表示赞同，他指出诗歌将复杂的科学概念简化为人人都能理解的语言。)”可知，用诗歌进行科学传播的一个优势是它为普通读者简化了复杂的科学思想。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are many customary differences between the West and the East, of which are some of China’s eating habits, which many Westerners would find quite hard to understand. ___16___ Not eating food dropped on a table I’ve seen the disgust (恶心) in people’s faces here when I’ve dropped food on the table only to then pick it up and eat it. ___17___ Our thought is, “A tabletop has had nothing but food on it. No one walks on it, sits on it or throws garbage on it. Why is it considered so dirty?” We don’t get it. ___18___ Westerners don’t want their food near the floor. Dust, germs, etc. are far more likely to get into the rice. I’ve been in several restaurants and nearly everyone I’ve seen puts their rice cookers on the floor. Eating dessert before a meal Every Western child’s dream would be to live in China for the purpose that he/she could eat the dessert before they eat their main meal. I’m not sure about this Western tradition of eating dessert last. In China, it doesn’t matter. ___19___ Westerners would find that very strange. Drinking hot water with your meal Often, it has been my experience that many. Chinese will not have a drink (water, tea, etc. ) with a meal. But, when they do, it is usually hot water. ___20___ However, we westerners like cold water or cold drinks. A. Putting rice cookers on the floor. B. The following are just some of them. C. Having noodles or rice every day. D. Americans do eat a lot of hamburgers. E. You can have ice cream before your meal. F. I’ve often heard that hot water is better for digestion than cold water. G. In the West, we clean our tabletops quite well. 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. A 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几点中国和西方在饮食文化上的差异。 【16题详解】 上文“There are many customary differences between the West and the East, of which are some of China’s eating habits, which many Westerners would find quite hard to understand.(东西方之间有很多习惯上的差异，其中一些是中国的饮食习惯，许多西方人会觉得很难理解)”说明一些是中国的饮食习惯和西方不同，许多西方人会觉得很难理解。空处承接上文，并引出下文中将要列举的具体差异。B项“以下只是其中的一些”符合语境，该项中的“some of them”指代下文中西方人无法理解中国饮食习惯。故选B。 【17题详解】 上文“I’ve seen the disgust (恶心) in people’s faces here when I’ve dropped food on the table only to then pick it up and eat it.(当我把食物扔在桌子上，然后捡起来吃的时候，我看到了人们脸上的厌恶)”说明在中国吃掉到桌子上的食物是会被人厌恶的。空处承接上文，解释西方人为什么无法理解的原因。G项中的tabletops和上文中的“on the table”相呼应，说明“在西方，桌子会被把桌面打扫得很好”。故选G。 【18题详解】 下文“Westerners don’t want their food near the floor. Dust, germs, etc. are far more likely to get into the rice.I’ve been in several restaurants and nearly everyone I’ve seen puts their rice cookers on the floor. (西方人不希望他们的食物靠近地板。灰尘、细菌等更有可能进入大米。我去过几家餐馆，我见过的几乎每个人都把电饭煲放在地板上)”说明本段主要介绍了西方人不想让食物靠近地板，而中国人是不在意的。所以A项“把电饭煲放在地板上。”适合作本段的标题。故选A。 【19题详解】 上文“Every Western child’s dream would be to live in China for the purpose that he/she could eat the r dessert before they eat their main meal. I’m not sure about this Western tradition of eating dessert last. In China, it doesn’t matter. (每个西方孩子的梦想都是住在中国，这样他/她就可以在吃主菜之前吃甜点。我不确定西方最后吃甜点的传统。在中国，这并不重要)”说明在中国，人们可以在主菜之前吃甜点，而在西方最后吃甜点的传统不确定。空处承接上文，E项中的“have ice cream before your meal”和标题“Eating dessert before a meal”相呼应，说明在中国，你可以在饭前吃冰淇淋。所以E项“你可以在饭前吃冰淇淋”符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 标题“Drinking hot water with your meal(吃饭时喝热水)”以及“Chinese will not have a drink (water, tea, etc. ) with a meal. But, when they do, it is usually hot water.(中国人吃饭时不会喝（水、茶等）。但是，当他们这样做时，通常是热水)”说明中国人喜欢喝热水。空处承接上文，解释为什么中国人喜欢喝热水。F项中的“hot water is better for digestion than cold water.”和上文“it is usually hot water”相呼应，说明F项“我经常听说热水比冷水更有利于消化。”符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Have you ever heard of and seen Canadian geese? Do you know that they ___21___ fresh grass and seeds? Canadian geese have a good ___22___ for their politeness. They always bow down to you whenever you walk by. However, I have recently found that they can sometimes be ___23___ to their peers, especially on occasions when they quarrel for food——yes, these ___24___ gentlemen do quarrel, just for something to eat Yesterday I witnessed two Canadian Geese arguing ___25___ for a clump(草丛) of beautiful fresh grass. The clump was ___26___ right in the middle of them, while the two were shouting noisily, stretching their necks as long as they could to look aggressively at each other. It’s ___27___ to witness the “impolite” side of Canadian geese. Hence, I couldn’t help ___28___ my morning walk, standing still to watch these “gentlemen” quarreling. Interestingly, after a short while, a truck roared past their feast, disturbing their ___29___ conversation. The two geese were equally ___30___ by the massive “monster”, thus giving up their conversation. Would they start quarreling again? I stood still, ___31___ the ridiculous question and waited. Beyond my expectation, right after the truck’s passing by, the two geese immediately lost their ___32___for quarreling as if they had forgotten all about what had happened. Even the two turned around and left the ___33___ in opposite directions as if nothing had happened. They left only me there, imagining what might have happened without the ___34___. They got along harmoniously again. Sometimes it’s not that bad to be ___35___. 21. A. draw on B. focus on C. feed on D. try on 22. A. desire B. reputation C. affection D. appetite 23. A. generous B. faithful C. weird D. rude 24. A. well-informed B. well-dressed C. well-behaved D. well-balanced 25 A. fiercely B. blindly C. cautiously D. gently 26. A. deserted B. located C. fixed D. laid 27. A. frequent B. rare C. common D. constant 28. A. restricting B. changing C. pausing D. speeding 29. A. desperate B. simple C. serious D. disharmonious 30. A. frightened B. annoyed C. crashed D. injured 31. A. finding out B. dealing with C. looking into D. wondering about 32. A. passion B. reason C. talent D. anxiety 33. A. scene B. destination C. landscape D. park 34. A. looker-on B. passer-by C. truck D. clump 35. A. upset B. forgetful C. mean D. greedy 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者旁观两只加拿大鹅争吵的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：你听说过或见过加拿大鹅吗？你知道它们以新鲜的草和种子为食吗？A. draw on利用； B. focus on 专注；C. feed on以……为食；D. try on试穿。根据后文的“fresh grass and seeds”可知，本句想表达它们以新鲜的草和种子为食。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：加拿大鹅以其彬彬有礼而闻名。A. desire欲望；B. reputation声誉；C. affection感情；D. appetite食欲。根据后文的“They always bow down to you whenever you walk by.”可知，每当你走过的时候，它们总是向你鞠躬，故它们有良好的声誉。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我最近发现，它们有时会对同伴是粗鲁，尤其是在他们为食物争吵的时候——是的，这些举止得体的绅士确实会争吵，只是为了吃点东西。A. generous慷慨的；B. faithful忠诚的；C. weird奇怪的；D. rude粗鲁的。根据后文的“especially on occasions when they quarrel for food”可知，加拿大鹅有时为食物争吵，故它们有时是粗鲁无礼的。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：然而，我最近发现，它们有时会对同伴是粗鲁的，尤其是在它们为食物争吵的时候——是的，这些举止得体的绅士确实会争吵，只是为了吃点东西。A. well-informed见多识广；B. well-dressed穿着考究的；C. well-behaved举止得体的；D. well-balanced平衡良好。根据前文的“They always bow down to you whenever you walk by. ”可知，加拿大鹅举止得体。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：昨天，我看到两只加拿大鹅为了一丛美丽的新鲜草而激烈地争吵。A. fiercely激烈的；B. blindly盲目的；C. cautiously谨慎的； D. gently温和的。根据后文的“the two were shouting noisily, stretching their necks as long as they could to look aggressively at each other.”可知，两只加拿大鹅激烈地争吵。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那块草丛就在它们中间，两只鹅大声喊叫，尽可能地伸长脖子，挑衅地看着对方。A. deserted被抛弃的；B. located位于；C. fixed固定的；D. laid松弛的，从容不迫的。根据后文的“right in the middle of them”可知，草丛位于它们中间。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很少看到加拿大鹅“不礼貌”的一面。A. frequent经常的； B. rare稀有的； C. common普通的； D. constant恒定的。根据前文的“Canadian geese have a good 2 for their politeness. They always bow down to you whenever you walk by. ”可知，加拿大鹅举止得体，加拿大鹅“不礼貌”的一面是稀有的。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是，我忍不住停下了早晨的散步，站着不动，看着这些“绅士”们争吵。A. restricting限制； B. changing改变； C. pausing暂停； D. speeding超速。根据前文的“It’s ____ to witness the “impolite” side of Canadian geese.”可知，因为很少看到加拿大鹅“不礼貌”的一面，作者忍不住停下了早晨的散步。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，过了一会儿，一辆卡车呼啸而过，扰乱了它们不和谐的谈话。A. desperate绝望的； B. simple简单的； C. serious严重的； D. disharmonious不和谐的。根据前文的“The clump was ____ right in the middle of them, while the two were shouting noisily, stretching their necks as long as they could to look aggressively at each other. ”可知，它们俩大声喊叫着，尽量伸长脖子，恶狠狠地瞪着对方，它们的谈话不和谐。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两只鹅同样被这个巨大的“怪物”吓坏了，于是放弃了它们的谈话。A. frightened害怕的； B. annoyed生气； C. crashed碰撞； D. injured伤害。根据前文的“a truck roared past their feast”以及后文的“by the massive “monster””可知，在两只鹅的眼中这辆卡车像个巨大的怪物，故它们很害怕。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我站着不动，想着这个可笑的问题，等待着。A. finding out发现； B. dealing with处理；C. looking into调查； D. wondering about想知道。根据前文的“Would they start quarreling again?”可知，作者正在想它们会不会再吵架这个问题。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：出乎我意料的是，卡车刚过，两只鹅就失去了争吵的激情，好像他们已经忘记了发生的一切。A. passion激情； B. reason原因；C. talent天赋；D. anxiety焦虑。根据后文的“Even the two turned around and left the ____ in opposite directions as if nothing had happened.”可知，两只鹅不再吵架，失去了争吵的激情。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就连两只鹅也转过身来，若无其事地离开了现场。A. scene场景； B. destination目的地； C. landscape景观； D. park公园。根据后文的“They left only me there, imagining what might have happened without the ____ .”可知，它们只留下我一个人在那里，两只鹅离开了现场。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们只留下我一个人在那里，想象着没有卡车会发生什么。A. looker-on旁观者； B. passer-by路人； C. truck卡车； D. clump丛，簇，束。根据前文的“Beyond my expectation, right after the truck’s passing by, the two geese immediately lost their ____ for quarreling as if they had forgotten all about what had happened. ”可知，卡车扰乱了它们的谈话，故作者想象着没有卡车会发生什么。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候健忘也没那么糟。A. upset心烦意乱的； B. forgetful健忘的； C. mean吝啬的； D. greedy贪婪的。根据前文的“as if they had forgotten all about what had happened. ”可知，两只鹅忘记了先前的争吵，故有时候健忘也没那么糟。故选B项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Silver jewelry made by the Miao ethnic group has been boosting rural development in Taijiang county, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture, Guizhou province. The jewelry is one of the brilliant ____36____ (treasure) of Miao culture. It boasts exquisite silver jewels and traditional crafts. For more than 400 years, people of Miao ethnic group ____37____ (stick) to the custom of decorating themselves with homemade silver ornaments ____38____ (enhance) their charm and show off their ____39____ (prosper) life. Its forging crafts was added to the national intangible cultural heritage list in May, which is not only a form of culture but also a ____40____ (carry) of culture. Driven by ethnic festivals and the public’s increasing passion ____41____ silver jewelry, the local tourism industry has developed quickly in recent years. To achieve further development, Taijiang county has worked ____42____(diligent) to develop the ethnic folk handicraft industry. According to ____43____ local Cultural and Tourism Bureau, by the end of 2021, there were 102 companies making silver jewelry, ____44____ total output value reached more than 100 million yuan ($ 13.68 million) and created 3,000 jobs for villagers, _____45_____ (lay) a solid foundation for the county to promote rural revitalization. 【答案】36. treasures 37. have stuck 38. to enhance 39. prosperous 40. carrier 41. for 42. diligently 43. the 44. whose 45. laying 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了苗族银饰对贵州贫困地区的经济发展起到了积极的作用。 【36题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：首饰是苗族文化的瑰宝之一。此处为短语one of+可数名词复数，用treasure的复数形式。故填treasures。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：400多年来，苗族人一直坚持用自制银饰装饰自己的习俗，以增强自己的魅力，炫耀自己的富裕生活。根据上文For more than 400 years可知为现在完成时，主语为people，助动词用have。故填have stuck。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：400多年来，苗族人一直坚持用自制银饰装饰自己的习俗，以增强自己的魅力，炫耀自己的富裕生活。此处enhance作目的状语，用不定式形式。故填to enhance。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：400多年来，苗族人一直坚持用自制银饰装饰自己的习俗，以增强自己的魅力，炫耀自己的富裕生活。修饰名词life应用形容词prosperous作定语。故填prosperous。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：它的锻造工艺在5月被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录，它不仅是一种文化形式，也是文化的载体。根据上文不定冠词a可知用单数名词carrier。故填carrier。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：近年来，在民族节日和公众对银饰日益高涨的热情的推动下，当地的旅游业发展迅速。短语passion for表示“对……的热爱”。故填for。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：为了进一步发展，台江县努力发展民族民间手工业。修饰动词work应用副词diligently作状语，故填diligently。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：据当地文化和旅游局介绍，截至2021年底，有102家银饰企业，总产值超过1亿元（1368万美元），为村民创造了3000个就业岗位，为该县推进乡村振兴奠定了坚实的基础。此处特指台江县当地文化和旅游局，应用定冠词the。故填the。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：据当地文化和旅游局介绍，截至2021年底，有102家银饰企业，总产值超过1亿元（1368万美元），为村民创造了3000个就业岗位，为该县推进乡村振兴奠定了坚实的基础。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词102 companies，关系词替代先行词在从句作total output value的定语，用关系代词whose。故填whose。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：据当地文化和旅游局介绍，截至2021年底，有102家银饰企业，总产值超过1亿元（1368万美元），为村民创造了3000个就业岗位，为该县推进乡村振兴奠定了坚实的基础。该空后内容是前句造成的意料之中的结果，lay用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填laying。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 现在人工智能越来越影响我们日常生活中的方方面面。请围绕这一话题写一篇文章。 应包含以下要点： 1. 人工智能带来的便利，例如在交通、家电和通信方面。 2. 它可能引发的潜在问题或挑战，如工作岗位被取代和隐私担忧。 3. 您对于如何充分利用人工智能并避免其负面影响的观点。 4. 80词左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Our Daily Life Artificial intelligence has greatly impacted our lives. It offers conveniences in transportation, making it more efficient. In home appliances, it simplifies our tasks. In communication, it enhances connections. However, it also brings problems. Jobs may be replaced, and privacy could be at risk. To make the best of it, we should develop it with regulations to avoid negative effects and train people for new jobs. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求考生围绕人工智能越来越影响我们日常生活中的方方面面这一话题写一篇文章。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 影响：impact→have an impact/influence/effect on 提供：offer→provide 简化：simplify→make…simple/easy 加强：enhance→strengthen/improve 2.句式拓展： 同义句替换 原句：However, it also brings problems. 拓展句：Despite its all advantages, it also brings problems. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It offers conveniences in transportation, making it more efficient.(运用了现在分词作状语。) 【高分句型2】To make the best of it, we should develop it with regulations to avoid negative effects and train people for new jobs.(运用了动词不定式作目的状语。) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When asked about why she chose to be a cadet (学员) firefighter, Ava Smith talked about her father’s action four months ago. “The girl he saved is going to live a whole life because of him. It’s incredible!” she said. Jonathan Smith, and his 13-year-old daughter, Ava, were driving on the 1.4-mile-long, two-lane Route 90 bridge, which spans (横跨) the shallow waters of Assawoman Bay. Suddenly, the calm was disturbed by the scream of tyres. Not far ahead of them, a black pickup truck (小卡车) was sliding from one lane to the other. It crashed into a barrier, turned around like endless, and came to rest hanging over the edge of the bridge. Smith hit the brakes in time to avoid the vehicles in his path, but too late: he ran into a BMW directly ahead of him. Smith stopped the car. “Ava, are you OK?” he asked. She was obviously shocked, but unhurt. He ran to the BMW. “Are you OK?” he asked the driver. She nodded, too terrified to speak. And then another scream came from the pickup. The truck bed hung out past the railing (栏杆), about 10 meters above the waters of the bay. The driver’s door was pushed open and a man climbed out. He dropped to the ground, then ran to the railing. The man pointed down, saying something in Spanish to Smith. In the water was a car seat. Next to it was a girl, about two years old: pink dress, brown hair, brown eyes, floating on her back, kicking and shouting. Matters quickly went from bad to frightening when the baby girl rolled over onto her stomach. Smith waited for the pickup driver to do something, but he didn’t. Maybe he was in shock. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Ava!” Smith yelled, removing his shoes. “Stay by the car!” ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Standing, he laid her against his shoulder and beat her back hard. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Para 1 “Ava!” Smith yelled, removing his shoes. “Stay by the car!” Climbing onto the railing, he eyed the shallow water. “Better less than 3 feet deep.” he thought to himself. As if mustering up all his courage, Smith jumped off with belly down. A moment later, he was bouncing off the sandy bottom and luckily, unhurt! The little girl was less than 1 meter away. Smith swam to her in a few quick strokes and lifted her out of the water: mouth half open, eyes nearly closed, not breathing. “Come on, stay with me!” A sense of panic crept over this middle-aged man. Seconds later, composing his thoughts, Smith recalled the first aid measures learned years ago. Para 2 Standing, he laid her against his shoulder and beat her back hard. Some water came streaming down the baby’s mouth. But still no breath. Another whack on the back and then Smith felt the little fingers gripping him around the neck. Her eyes were opened now. Smith hugged her to shield her from the cold. Just then a family on a small boat pulled up and took Smith and the little girl to the waiting ambulance near a dock. The toddler suffered a broken shoulder but was otherwise uninjured. However, on seeing Ava, Smith hugged her tighter than ever. When interviewed later, Smith admitted the fear flashing across his mind but the desire to save a life took the upper hand. That heroic deed not only kept one girl from dying, but fueled the passion of another girl. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本篇文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jonathan Smith救了由于车祸掉入水中的小女孩，女儿受父亲影响选择成为消防学员的故事。Jonathan Smith和他13岁的女儿Ava正在公路大桥上行驶时，前方一辆黑色小货车突然爆胎，失控，最终挂在桥边上，Smith及时刹车，但仍然撞上了一辆宝马车。小卡车的车厢悬挂在护栏外，一个约两岁的小女孩掉入海里，小卡车的司机吓呆了，Jonathan Smith跳入水中，设法救出小女孩。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“‘Ava！’Smith喊道，脱下鞋子。‘待在车旁边！’”可知，第一段可描写Smith跳入水中，设法从水中救出小女孩；由第二段首句内容“站着，他把她靠在肩膀上，用力捶着她的背。”可知，第一段段尾可描述小女孩有危险，需要急救。 ②由第二段首句内容“站着，他把她靠在肩膀上，用力捶着她的背。”可知，第二段可描写Smith小女孩脱离危险，得到救治。由所给的文章第一段“当被问及她为什么选择成为学消防学员时Ava Smith谈到了她父亲四个月前的行动。”可知，第二段段末可以描述父亲的行为对女儿的影响。 2. 续写线索：跳入水中——找到女孩并救出——对女孩进行急救——女孩脱离危险——对女儿的影响 3. 词汇激活： 行为类： ①鼓起全部勇气：muster up all one’s courage/gather up all one’s courage ②举起：lift/raise ③拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类： ①感到恐慌：a sense of panic crept over sb/be in panic ②镇定下来：compose one’s thoughts/calm down ③害怕：fear flash across his mind/feel frightened 【点睛】【高分句型1】As if mustering up all his courage, Smith jumped off with belly down.（运用as if引导的状语从句中的省略以及with的复合结构 ） 【高分句型2】Seconds later, composing his thoughts, Smith recalled the first aid measures learned years ago. (运用现在分词作状语以及过去分词作后置定语) 【高分句型3】When interviewed later, Smith admitted the fear flashing across his mind but the desire to save a life took the upper hand. (运用when引导的时间状语从句以及状语从句中的省略) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $