Unit 5 Languages around the World Reading and Thinking 课件-2024-2025学年高一上学期英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

先帝创业未半而中道崩，今天下三分，益州疲弊 ，此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠 志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛 下也。诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气 ，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。 宫中府中，俱为一体，陟罚臧否，不宜异同。若有 作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏，以昭陛 下平明之理，不宜偏私，使内外异法也。 侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等，此皆良实，志 虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下。愚以为宫中之事 ，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必能裨补阙漏 ，有所广益。 将军向宠，性行淑均，晓畅军事，试用于昔日， 先帝称之曰能，是以众议举宠为督。愚以为营中 之事，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和睦，优劣得所。 亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人， 远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。先帝在时，每与臣论 此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。侍中、尚书、 长史、参军，此悉贞良死节之臣，愿陛下亲之信之 ，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。 臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻 达于诸侯。先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于 草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝 以驱驰。后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难 之间，尔来二十有一年矣。 先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。受命以来， 夙夜忧叹，恐托付不效，以伤先帝之明，故五月渡 泸，深入不毛。今南方已定，兵甲已足，当奖率三 军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室， 还于旧都。此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。至 于斟酌损益，进尽忠言，则攸之、祎、允之任也。 愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效，则治臣之罪， 以告先帝之灵。若无兴德之言，则责攸之、祎、 允等之慢，以彰其咎；陛下亦宜自谋，以咨诹善道， 察纳雅言。深追先帝遗诏，臣不胜受恩感激。 今当远离，临表涕零，不知所言。 天 地 轩 辕 太 乾 坤 Book 1 Unit 5 Languages around the World Reading and Thinking Lead in How many types of calligraphy do you know? calligraphy Seal script 篆书 隶书 Official script 草书 Cursive script 行书 Running script 楷书 Standard script (the art of producing) beautiful writing, often created with a special pen or brush Lead-in: Can you recognize the following symbols? 鹿 鱼 马 鸟 Lead-in: Can you recognize these symbols? What characters are they? 口 日 水 力 田 火 月 山 picture-based symbols simplified Chinese characters 基于图像的符号 简体字 Lead-in: Oracle bone inscriptions They are symbols carved on animal shells or bones. Ancient Chinese people created them as early as over 3000 years ago. bone shell Pre-Peading Look at the title and photos below and guess what is the text about? Then read and check if you are right. The text may be about the _____________________ and its history from _______ to ____________. topic focus Chinese writing system the past the present According to the title, can you guess how the text is organized? Chinese writing system connect the past the present The text is organized in ______ order. time Pre-Reading Pre-Reading Find the words and phrases that describe a time. Time order What’s the writing style of the text? Narration B. Argument C. Exposition While-Reading Read for the main idea and structure. A. The writing system became well-developed, and later developed into different forms. F. The Chinese language is helping to spread China's culture and history to the world. B. The Chinese writing system is one of the reasons why Chinese civilization has survived into modern times. C. The writing system began to develop into one direction. E. Written Chinese was a picture-based language at the beginning. D. Written Chinese connects China's present with its past, and has become an art form. Para.1 Para.2 Para.3 Para.4 Para.5 Para.6 How many parts can this passage be divided into? Why? While-Reading Introduction Body Conclusion Part 1: _______ Para.1 Part 2: _______ Para. 2-4 Part 3: _______ Para. 5-6 Topic Development Importance general general specific Read for the main idea and structure. While-Reading China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system. At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today’s hanzi. 定语从句 定语从句 定语从句 Written Chinese was a _____________________. picture-based language At the beginning Read for detailed information and language features. By the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE), these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters. This, however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221-207BCE). While-Reading 时间状语从句 现在分词作结果状语 Symbols became a _____________ writing system.  well-developed By the Shang Dynasty Over the years The system developed into ______________. different forms Read for detailed information and language features. While-Reading Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. 定语从句 让步状语从句 The Qin Dynasty Chinese writing system began to ____________________. develop in one direction Even today Chinese people can all still ________________ in writing. communicate Read for detailed information and language features. Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture. Today, the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language. 定语从句 定语从句 定语从句 时间状语从句 In modern times Today People can read the ____________ written in ancient times, and regard __________________ as an art form. Chinese calligraphy classic works Chinese writing system is still an _____________________. important part of Chinese culture While-Reading Read for detailed information and language features. Challenge:Retell how the Chinese writing system developed and connectedthe past and the present. At the beginning By the Shang Dynasty The Qin Dynasty Today Over the years the present the past connected Future 马 picture-based well-developed different forms one direction part of Chinese culture ? began developed divided unified (1)How does written Chinese connect Chinese people today with those of the past? (2)According to the writer, the Chinese writing system is one factor that has helped the Chinese language and culture survive. What do you think are some of the other factors? Post-Reading ◆the continuous development of China's agriculture ◆ an open mind to embrace different cultures ◆ the invention of papermaking and printing ◆ education ◆ computers or phones ...... Chinese people today can read and understand classic works from ancient times. Post-Reading As teenagers, what can we do to help the Chinese writing system survive longer? c r r a h t a c s e herish onor ppreciate pread ecommend njoy espect reasure dmire heer for Characters $$