Unit 2 Grammar——过去完成时的被动语态（教用Word）-【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修2同步练测（外研版2019）

Grammar——过去完成时的被动语态[对应学生用书第33页] 用过去完成时的被动语态完成下面教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征 1．(教材P18)At the start of the detox, over 100 students had been persuaded(persuade)to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. 2．(教材P18)They had been promised(promise) money by family and friends for each day spent without using social media． 3．(教材P18)But on reflection, I can see how much of my time had been occupied(occupy) with checking my phone. 过去完成时的被动语态表示动作在过去某一时刻或某个动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，且主语与谓语动词存在被动关系，句中常用by、before、until、when 等词引导时间状语。 要点一　过去完成时的被动语态的构成 1．过去完成时的被动语态的肯定式：主语＋had been done＋其他成分。 The evidence had been discovered before 12：00 yesterday. 昨天12点之前已经找到了证据。 2．过去完成时的被动语态的否定式：主语＋had not been done＋其他成分。 The evidence hadn't been discovered before 12：00 yesterday. 昨天12点之前还没有找到证据。 3．过去完成时的被动语态的一般疑问句：had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分？ Had the evidence been discovered before 12：00 yesterday? 昨天12点之前已经找到证据了吗？ 4．过去完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分？ What time had the evidence been discovered yesterday? 昨天什么时候已经找到证据的？ [对点训练1] 完成句子 ①Before we carried out the plan, various ideas had been put forward by my classmates. 在我们实施这项计划之前，同学们提出了不同的想法。 ②Word came that Li Hua had been admitted to Peking University. 消息传来说李华被北京大学录取了。 ③Had the new conclusion been discussed before the meeting? 这个新结论在开会前讨论过吗？ 要点二　过去完成时的被动语态的用法 1．过去完成时的被动语态表示过去发生的动作对过去产生的影响和结果，且这个动作与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系，常与by、before等引导的时间状语连用。 I had been told the sports meet would be put off. 我已被告知运动会要被推迟。(结果：之前我知道运动会要被推迟) All the preparations for the task had been done before we started． 在我们开始之前，任务的所有准备工作都已经完成了。(影响：我们开始前已具备条件) 2．在told、said、knew、heard、thought、found等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 He heard that the tickets had already been sold out. 他听说票已售完。 3．It was the first/second…time that…句型that引导的从句中，主语与谓语构成动宾关系时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 It was the first time that the meeting had been held in Zhengzhou. 这是该会议第一次在郑州召开。 4．过去完成时的被动语态经常用于虚拟语气中。 The thick smog covered the whole city.It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it. 浓雾覆盖着整座城市。好像把一个巨大的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。 [对点训练2] 语法填空 ①He did what he had been told(tell)to. ②It was the second time that this smartphone had been stolen(steal). ③The passengers would have died if their food and water had been run(run)out of. 要点三　过去完成时的被动语态与现在完成时的被动语态的区别 过去完成时的被动语态表示一个被动动作或状态开始于过去，持续到过去某个时间为止，强调对过去产生的影响和结果。而现在完成时的被动语态表示一个被动动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在并有可能继续持续下去，强调对现在产生的影响和结果。主要把握住针对的时间是现在还是过去。 This polluted river has been cleaned． 这条被污染了的河流已被净化。(该句表示到现在为止这条河流已被净化。) He said this book had been translated into Japanese. 他说这本书已被译成日语。(该句表示到他说话时所体现的时间为止这本书已被译成日语。) [对点训练3] 语法填空 ①Many houses have been built(build)in the village in the past few years. ②The design of the new bridge had been finished(finish)by the end of last month. ③—The machine is working again! —Yes, it broke down yesterday, but it has been fixed(fix). Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated(cheat)of her money. 2．A good place has been found(find)to build a temple in the village. 3．One morning she told her children about a family she had visited(visit)the day before. 4．Everything had been gotten(get)ready by the time we arrived． 5．When you get the test paper back, pay special attention to what has been marked(mark). 6．So far, I have seen(see)that strange man three times around my house. 7．When we got there, we were told that the injured had been sent(send)to the nearest hospital. 8．The twins whose homework had been finished(finish)were allowed to play badminton outside. 9．If it had been repaired(repair)earlier, the printing machine would not have broken down. 10．That was the first time that she had been invited(invite)to Harbin to see ice lanterns. Ⅱ.句型转换 1．He had translated his newly written novel into English by the end of last month. →His newly written novel had been translated into English by the end of last month. 2．Because they had been warned by the teacher, they didn't make such mistakes. → Having been warned by the teacher, they didn't make such mistakes. 3．Somebody had broken into the room before we came. →The room had been broken into by somebody before we came. 4．The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted． →The suggestion which had been sent to the committee was adopted． 5．She had given us clear directions and we were able to find it easily. →We had been given clear directions by her and we were able to find it easily. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$