Unit 5 Revealing nature Using language 词汇课件-2024-2025学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Unit 5 Revealing nature Using language vocabulary and phrases 课前基础自测 一，单词 (1) adj. 原始的 (2) adv.遍及全世界 (3) v.责怪，指责(4) n.特征，特性 (5) v.减少 (6) adj.巨大的 (7) n.短缺;缺乏 (8) v.概括;总结 (9) v.宣布 (10) adj. 灭绝的 primitive worldwide blame characteristic decline giant shortage summarise declare extinct 课前基础自测 一，单词 (11) n.tortoise (12) n.goat (13) n.mangrove (14) n.iguana (15) adj.comb-like (16) n.spine (17) n.genetics (18) n.isolation (19) adj.immune (20) n.germ 陆龟 山羊 红树 冽蜥 梳状的 刺毛；脊柱 遗传学 隔离;隔绝 有免疫力 细菌;病菌 课前基础自测 二，短语 (1)用自己的话 . (2)在...方面进行研究 . (3)宣布灭绝 . (4)归咎于某人 . (5)生活在与世隔绝的环境里 . (6)尤其,特别 . (7)对...有害 . (8)免疫系统 . (9)击退;抵抗 . (10)大多数... . in one’s own words do research on... declare extinct be blamed on sb. live in isolation in particular be harmful to immune system fight off the majority of... 课前基础自测 二，短语 (11)听说... . (12)使某人感到恶心 . (13)说到,谈及 . (14)处理,应付 . (15)分解 . (16)是...的家 . (17)数百万的... . (18)相比之下 . (19)到目前为止 . (20)长度上 . hear of make one’s stomach turn speaking of deal with break down be home to millions of by contrast so far in length 课前基础自测 二，短语 (21)有待于被... . (22)原产于...,源于...的 . (23)执行,实行 . (24)充当...;起...的作用 . (25)把...与...作比较 . remain to be done be native to carry out serve as compare... with... 课前基础自测 三，词汇拓展 1. n.短缺;缺少→ 　　 adj.短的;矮的 → v.(使)变短，缩短 2. v.总结;概括→ n.总结;概要;概括 3. v.声明;宣布→ n.宣言;声明(书) 4. n.隔离,分离;孤独→ v. 隔离;使分离 5. v. 死亡;消失→ adj.死的→ adj.垂死的;渴望的→ adj.致命的→ n.死亡 shortage short summarise summary declare declaration isolation isolate die dead shorten dying deadly death 课前基础自测 三，词汇拓展 6. n.长度→ 　　 adj.长的 → n.加长 7. v.比较→ n.比较;对比 8. adj.有害的→ n./v.伤害;损害 9. n.大多数;大半→ adj. 主要的;主修的 10. v.为…工作, 服务→ n. 仆人; 雇员→ n.服务；接待 length long compare comparison harmful harm majority major serve servant lengthen service Language points 1. blame v. 责怪, 指责; 把...归咎于... n. 指责, 责备 blame sb. for sth. 因...应对...负责 blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人 be to blame for 对...承担责任; 因...受责备 put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将...的责任归咎于某人 Exercise 1. The delay in the project can (blame) on the lack of communication between the team members. 2. As it is just a coincidence, no one should be . (blame) for it. 3. He blamed his teacher his failure. 4. The judge put the blame for the accident the drunk driver. be blamed to blame for on Language points 2. harmful adj. 有害的，导致损害的 harm v. 伤害，损害 n. 伤害；损害 harmless adj. 无害的 be harmful to 对...有害 cause/do harm to 对...造成伤害 be harmless to 对...无害 mean no harm 没有恶意 Exercise 1. Smoking is (harm) to your health. = Smoking does harm your health. 2. A group of moving elephants make people scared, although they are (harm) to us. 3. The application of large quantities of pesticides has caused harm the living things. harmful to harmless to Language points 3. decline v. 下降;减少;衰退;委婉拒绝 n. 减少，下降，衰落，衰退 decline by / to 减少了/到 decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事 be in decline 正在减少; 正在下降 be on the decline 正在减少; 正在减退 Exercise 1. Cheque use is the decline among personal bank customers. 2. Beer sales are decline. 3. The band declined (comment) on the story. 4. The number of tourists to the resort declined 10% last year. on in to comment by Language points 4. contrast n. 对比;对照;反差 v. 对比;对照; 形成对比 by contrast 相比之下；与之相比 in contrast=on the contrary比较起来 in/by contrast with/to 与...形成对比；与...相比 contrast with 与...形成对比；和...相对照 Exercise 1. The snow was icy and white, (contrast) with the brilliant blue sky. 2. Most people work because it’s unavoidable. . contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work. 3. It is interesting to contrast Peter’s work . Tom’s. contrasting By with Language points 5. compare v. 比较 comparison n. 比较 compare ...to/with... 把...与...相比较/对比 compare A with B 把A与B相比 compared with/to 与...相比(常作状语) in/by comparison with 与...相比 Exercise 1. Living standard in China has improved enormously (compare) to 50 years ago. 2. The quality of the goods in his company is beyond . (compare). 3. Compared endurance, perseverance also plays an important role in long-distance running. compared comparison with Language points 6. majority n. 大多数 major adj. 重要的；主要的；大的 n. 主修课程；专业；[法律]成年人；少校 v. 主修 the majority of ... ...的大多数 play a major role/part in... 在某事中起重要作用 major in 主修...... Exercise 1. When she graduated from high school, Amy wanted to major literature. 2. He played major role in the United Nations. 3. The (major) of my patients come to me from out of town. 4. Soft drinks are the major source of caffeine most children. in a majority for Language points 7. shortage n. 短缺；不足；缺乏 short adj. 短的；短暂的 ；简略的；矮的 a shortage of... ...的短缺；缺乏... be short for 是......的简称/缩写 be in short supply 供应不足；短缺 a serious/severeshortage 严重不足 a food/water/housing shortage 水资源/食物/住房的短缺 Exercise 1. There was shortage of oxygen at the top of the mountain. 2. UN is short United Nations. 3. Food and housing are short supply in the disaster area. 4. Housing (short) is a pressing issue that we cannot ignore. a for in shortage Language points 8. break down 抛锚；出故障；分解 break -- broke -- broken break through 突破；突围 break up 打破；破碎；结束 break out (战争、火灾、疾病等)爆发 break off 暂停，突然停止，折断 Exercise 1. We’re sorry to arrive late for our car broke . 2. When war broke , he volunteer for service in the army. 3. The sun finally broke the dark clouds. 4. His first marriage broke . down out through up Language points 9. carry out 进行; 实行, 执行 carry - carried - carried carry on (with sth/doing sth.) 继续; 坚持 carry through 完成; 实现;使某人度过(难关) carry back 带回; 拿回; 使回想起 Exercise 1. The operator has to be able to carry routine maintenance of the machine. 2. Though life is hard, we must carry hoping for the best. 3. His courage will carry him .‌ 4. The beautiful scenery carried me to my hometown. out on through back Language points 9. be home to 是...的栖息地/产地/家园 home n. 家;房子; 家乡;出生地;产地;发源地 adv. 到家; 在家; 在本国 homeless adj. 无家可归的 at home and abroad 在国内外 make one’s home 定居, 居住 feel at home 无拘无束 make oneself at home 别拘束 Exercise 1. My father is used to reading China Daily every morning, as it can keep me informed of the present events both home and abroad. 2. China is home the Great Wall, a magnificent structure that attracts millions of tourists every year.‌ 3. The warm atmosphere make the customers feel home. The association is designed to help the (home). at to at homeless Language points 10. serve as 用作; 充当; 担任 serve v. 服务;为...工作; 可充当→servant n. 仆人;雇员 service n. 服务;接待 serve sth. with sth. 某物配某物一起上 serve the people heart and soul 全心全意为人民服务 at one’s service=at the service of sb. 随时向某人提供服务 Exercise 1. The waiter greeted the guests warmly and said that he was always their service. 2. Which of the following can best serve the title of the passage? 3. The (serve) greeted the guests with a smile and showed them to their seats. at as servant Thank you for watching $$