Unit 5 Off to space【B卷·培优卷】-2024-2025学年七年级英语上册单元速记·巧练（广州专用，沪教版2024）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 5 Off to space【B卷·培优卷】 （时间：100分钟，满分：90分） 第1部分 选择题部分 一、语法选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） How many things can you see in the night sky? A lot! 1 a clear evening you might see the Moon and some planets. And 2 sparkling stars can be seen, too. You can see even 3 with a telescope. You might see stars where you only saw dark space before. You might see that many stars look much _4_____than others. You might see some stars look white are really red and blue 5 . But scientists believe there are some 6 things in the sky that we never see. We 7 see them with the biggest telescope in the world, even when it is the clearest night of the year. That’s____8___ they are the dead stars, which are called black holes. You might find 9 hard to imagine stars die. After all, our Sun is a star. Year after year we see it burning 10 in the sky, giving us heat and light. The Sun doesn’t seem 11 getting old or weak. 12 , stars do burn out and die after billions of years. As a star’s gases are 13 , they give off light and heat. But when the gases run out, the star stops 14 and begins to die. So the next time you stare up at the amazing night sky, remember: there is more in the sky than that meets the eye. 15 wonderful place it is! 1．A．In B．On C．At D．For 2．A．hundred of B．hundreds C．hundreds of D．two hundreds 3．A．much B．many C．more D．most 4．A．large B．larger C．largerst D．the largest 5．A．as well B．also C．either D．as well as 6．A．other B．another C．the other D．the others 7．A．can B．could C．can’t D．couldn’t 8．A．because B．because of C．why D．So 9．A．this B．that C．one D．it 10．A．brighten B．brightly C．bright D．brightness 11．A．be B．being C．to be D．been 12．A．But B．So C．And D．However 13．A．burns B．burning C．to burn D．burned 14．A．shining B．to shine C．shines D．shine 15．A．How B．What C．What a D．How a 二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） July 4, 2021 was an important day in space for China. At 14:57, taikonauts (航天员) Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo returned to their module (舱) Tianhe, after 16 for about seven hours in space. Such space walking by taikonauts will be 17 for future space work. It is because there are many jobs that require human action, such as 18 cameras on the space station’s surface (表面), keeping the surface clean, and many others. There are two main 19 that make the space walking possible. One is the mechanical arm (机械臂) to help taikonauts 20 of their module and reach wherever they need to reach. The taikonauts’ ability to walk in space 21 shows great progress in China’s mechanical arm technology (科技、技术). The other technology is the new-generation space suit that protects the taikonauts from the changing temperatures. The suit also helps them fight 22 the strong space rays. The success of the first space walk by taikonauts shows China has made technological progress in space industry. And behind taikonauts are many 23 and hundreds of thousands of other workers. They do their jobs well to get the taikonauts into space and make sure of their 24 return. The efforts of them have changed “taikonaut” from just a word into a fact, and all of them should share the honor and the 25 . A bright future for the Chinese space industry is coming! 16．A．jumping B．spreading C．falling D．working 17．A．necessary B．huge C．fresh D．easy 18．A．setting off B．setting down C．setting up D．setting out 19．A．standards B．technologies C．abilities D．moments 20．A．go out B．run out C．look out D．take out 21．A．differently B．hardly C．lightly D．surely 22．A．in B．for C．against D．with 23．A．actors B．scientists C．patients D．passengers 24．A．fast B．safe C．pale D．immediate 25．A．effort B．introduction C．attention D．success 三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A Do you think it is not believable to bring fish to space? Have you ever imagined raising fish in space? Recently, three astronauts from China have made it a reality! On April 26, three astronauts in Shenzhou XVIII manned spaceship (神舟十八号载人航天飞船) successfully entered the space station. They will carry out more than 90 experiments (实验) in space, such as microgravity (微重力) in space, medicine and many other science topics. The astronauts brought a fish tank filled with water to the space station. Four zebrafish and algae (水藻) live inside it. The algae give the fish oxygen (氧气), keeping them alive. The tank can also feed the fish, control the temperature and lighting, and collect fish eggs by itself. Why zebrafish? Because they are quite easy to feed and they share 70% of their genes (基因) with humans. “The result of this experiment is very precious for it is China’s first space-based study of water ecosystems(生态系统). Next, we plan on bringing mice to space. We’ll raise them there for a while and then bring them back to Earth for further study,” a professor told CCTV News. Studying animals in space can help scientists know how the human body reacts to space conditions. The Shenzhou XVIII is expected to return to the earth after six months in space. Right now, China is going to finish picking its new astronauts. These new astronauts will join the team already working on space station tasks and help achieve China’s first manned landing on the moon. 26．The fish tank was taken into space station to help astronauts . A．raise fish and mice B．carry out experiments C．entertain their freetime D．provide enough oxygen 27．Why are zebrafish chosen to study in space according to Para.4? ①They are easy to feed in the spaceship. ②They share over two-thirds of genes with humans. ③They can live without oxygen in the fish tank. ④They can control the temperature and lighting. A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．③④ 28．The above passage is probably taken from the magazine . A． B． C． D． 29．The best title of the passage could be . A．Flying to the Moon B．Raising Mice in Space C．The First Manned Landing D．Working on Space Experiments B Huang Weifen is an expert in our country’s aerospace industry (航空航天工业). She made her name as the “female coach (女教练) of astronauts” as she created a training program for Chinese astronauts. This program helps astronauts to develop the skills they need to work in space. Huang was born in 1964. From a young age, she enjoyed learning. When she finished high school, she did well in the gaokao. So, she could choose from many famous universities. But she found it difficult to make a decision. Her father’s words showed her the way. Her father told her that national defense technology (国防科技) is very important for a country. So, she decided to go to Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. In 1988, Huang got a master’s degree (硕士学位) and began to work in China’s aerospace industry. In 1996, she took on the work of making a plan for selecting and training astronauts. She was nervous because this was new in China. But she knew she had to face up to the difficulty. Through hard work, she finished the plan only in three months. In 1999, Huang led a team to train China’s first astronauts. Since then, they have trained groups of excellent astronauts for our country. Huang and her team came along way from nowhere to where they are today. Looking back at the start, Huang is thankful for the hard work of everyone on the team. And she is so happy to be part of it. 30．What do we know about Huang’s early life? A．She really loved learning. B．She wanted to be an astronaut. C．She went through difficult training. D．She visited many famous universities. 31．When did Huang begin to make a plan for selecting and training astronauts? A．In 1964. B．In 1988. C．In 1996. D．In 1999. 32．What does the underlined word “selecting” mean in Paragraph 3? A．比较 B．选拔 C．服务 D．增加 33．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Huang loves her team and her work. B．Huang hopes to go into space one day. C．Huang has a big plan for her future work. D．Huang hopes to have more young people on the team. C Do you ever think about the universe? It’s amazing, isn’t it? How big is it? What’s out there? Are there other planets with life on them? We don’t know yet, but we’re trying to discover more. Some people work hard to learn about the universe. They are astronomers (天文学家) and they look at the stars. Other people design and make machines and these machines travel in space. Astronauts go up into space and look at the earth. They also take photos of the other planets and the stars. Sometimes they live in space for a few days or weeks. They do experiments (实验) and learn about what happens to the human body in space. The space is really mysterious. It’s strange but interesting for us because we don’t know much about them. Soon, some people will be able to travel into space for fun. A company called Virgin Galactic is designing a new kind of plane. This plane can go very fast and very high. People who want to travel in space will pay $200,000 for a ticket. The plane goes up to 100 kilometers above the earth. There are only six passengers and two pilots on the plane. The journey is only two hours, so the passengers don’t get any food. But they can see the earth from space and that’s an amazing thing! This could be the most exciting holiday experience in the future. 34．What do astronauts do in space? A．Do experiments. B．Design new machines. C．Look at the stars. D．Make machines. 35．What does the underlined word “mysterious” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Secret. B．Difficult. C．Horrible. D．Terrible. 36．According to the passage, what will people do if they want to travel to space in the future? A．Buy tickets for your family with eight people. B．Pay $200,000 for a ticket on a special plane. C．Bring food for lunch on the plane. D．They can wear warm clothes. 37．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The history of space travel company B．An exciting holiday experience in space C．Learn about the universe from astronauts to space traveling D．Travel into space for fun D Mars: The Red PlanetMars is the fourth planet from the sun and is the second smallest planet in our solar system. Mars is sometimes called the Red Planet because of its colour. There isn’t enough oxygen (O2) for people on Mars. Did You Know...? ● Mars was named after the Roman god of war. ● A Mars day is called a “sol”. Space journey to Mars It is important to visit Mars at the right time because Earth and Mars are always moving. Sometimes, Mars is closer to Earth than at other times. Choosing the shortest way is a good idea because the journey will cost less. Why Mars?Mars is the safest planet to travel to because: ● it has a little water; ● it gets enough sunlight to use solar power; ● we can try to walk on it; ● a day on Mars is almost as long as on Earth. Mars Quick FactsSize: 6779km Moons: 2 Length of day: 24 hours 37 minutes Temperature: -153℃ ~ 20℃ Atmosphere: 95%CO2 Humans want to find out if there might be life on other planets and scientists believe that Mars is the best planet for life, apart from Earth. 38．What can we know about Mars from the text? A．It’s the fourth planet from the earth. B．It’s the closest planet to the sun. C．It’s the red planet in the solar system. D．It’s the smallest planet in the solar system. 39．How many moons go around Mars? A．2 B．20 C．24 D．37 40．Why is Mars the safest planet to travel to? A．Earth and Mars are always moving. B．The temperature on Mars is not high or low. C．There is a lot of oxygen (O2) and water on Mars. D．The environment of Mars is like that of the earth. 四、阅读填空（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 Flying Dream Will Never Stop “Will you float (漂浮) around when you sleep in the spaceship? Will you dream? 41 ”, asked some students. On December 9th, 2021, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, gave a special space lecture (天宫课) to the children at the Chinese Space Station. 42 During the 40 minutes of the class, the astronauts (宇航员) did some simple experiments (实验). 43 44 In the space station, astronauts cannot walk as freely as the ground, and even easy things can be difficult. Moreover, micro-gravity causes blood surge, swelling the face and affecting health. There is a love, called persistence (坚持). Chinese flying dream will not shrink back (退缩) because of difficulties. 45 A．The children had great interest in these small experiments! B．Our flying dream will never stop! C．They are the Shenzhou-13 astronauts. D．But behind these interesting experiments are difficulties and efforts (努力). E．Are the dreams different from those on the earth? 五、短语填空（首字母填空）（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 （2023年广州一模真题改编） Space Station Rice Tests Show Hope Chinese astronauts have successfully grown a seedling rice seedlings on the Tiangong space station. The rice e___46______ being done on Tiangong is the first of its kind. Its pursose is to produce the complete life cycle of the plant. The cycle begins with a seed and e 47 with a mature plant producing new seeds. China s 48 the Wentian space lab into space on July 24, 2022. The space lab w____49____23,000 kg and is 17.9-metre tall. It is the biggest spacecraft in our country until now. “If we want to land on and explore Mars, food brought from the Earth is not enough for the astronauts’ long journey in space. We have to find methods to stay a 50 from hunger during the space explorations.” said Zheng Huiqiong, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. 六、完成句子 （本大题共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 51．卫星发射后成功进入轨道。 The satellite successfully after being launched. 52．建造长城花了数千人许多年的时间。 people many years to build the Great Wall. 53．辛迪喜欢拍照，并与她的朋友分享照片。 Cindy loves and sharing them with her friends. 54．也许那时我们将去太空站参观。 Maybe we the then. 55．咱们去公园锻炼吧，这样我们可以呼吸新鲜空气。 Let’s _________ in the park so that we can some fresh air. 七、书面表达（15分） 56．神舟十三号顺利升空，王亚平成为我国第一个太空行走的女性航天员；她十几年如一日刻苦训练，从不言弃，到目前已经两次实现了自己的航天梦。请根据下面表格所提供的信息，用英文写一篇介绍中国航天英雄王亚平的短文，介绍她的优秀品质，并谈谈作为青少年该如何向她学习。 姓名 王亚平 出生年月 1980 年 1 月 籍贯 山东烟台 入党时间 2000 年 5 月 主要事迹 1.2021 年 10月16日和翟志刚、叶光富乘神舟十三号再次进入太空； 2.作为我国第一个女性航天员进行了太空行走； 3.第二次在太空为青少年进行授课； 4.在太空中度过了6个月之后成功地返回地球。 你的感想 …… 作文要求： 1.包含所有要点，不要逐字翻译，围绕要点适当发挥； 2.语篇完整，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 3.文中不能出现除题目以外的个人信息，否则一律不予评分； 4.不少于80词。 The Introduction of Wang Yaping ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案第10页，共10页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 5 Off to space【B卷·培优卷】 （时间：100分钟，满分：90分） 第1部分 选择题部分 一、语法选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） How many things can you see in the night sky? A lot! 1 a clear evening you might see the Moon and some planets. And 2 sparkling stars can be seen, too. You can see even 3 with a telescope. You might see stars where you only saw dark space before. You might see that many stars look much _4_____than others. You might see some stars look white are really red and blue 5 . But scientists believe there are some 6 things in the sky that we never see. We 7 see them with the biggest telescope in the world, even when it is the clearest night of the year. That’s____8___ they are the dead stars, which are called black holes. You might find 9 hard to imagine stars die. After all, our Sun is a star. Year after year we see it burning 10 in the sky, giving us heat and light. The Sun doesn’t seem 11 getting old or weak. 12 , stars do burn out and die after billions of years. As a star’s gases are 13 , they give off light and heat. But when the gases run out, the star stops 14 and begins to die. So the next time you stare up at the amazing night sky, remember: there is more in the sky than that meets the eye. 15 wonderful place it is! 1．A．In B．On C．At D．For 2．A．hundred of B．hundreds C．hundreds of D．two hundreds 3．A．much B．many C．more D．most 4．A．large B．larger C．largerst D．the largest 5．A．as well B．also C．either D．as well as 6．A．other B．another C．the other D．the others 7．A．can B．could C．can’t D．couldn’t 8．A．because B．because of C．why D．So 9．A．this B．that C．one D．it 10．A．brighten B．brightly C．bright D．brightness 11．A．be B．being C．to be D．been 12．A．But B．So C．And D．However 13．A．burns B．burning C．to burn D．burned 14．A．shining B．to shine C．shines D．shine 15．A．How B．What C．What a D．How a 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文介绍宇宙当中的行星。 1．句意：在晴朗的夜晚，你可能会看到月亮和一些行星。 In后接某年某月某季节；On后接具体一天；At后接具体时刻；For后接一段时间。根据“a clear evening”可知，这是指具体的一天。故选B。 2．句意：还可以看到成千上万颗闪闪发光的星星。 hundred of没有此表达；hundreds数百；hundreds of成百上千的，表达不确定数；two hundreds表达错误，hundred前有基数词时，hundred不加s。根据空格后的“sparkling stars”可知，句子表达的是不确定数。故选C。 3．句意：用望远镜你会看到更多。 much很多，修饰不可数名词；many很多，修饰可数名词复数；more更多（many和much的比较级）；most最多（much和many的最高级）。根据根据句意以及空格前的“even”可修饰比较级可知，空格上填比较级。故选C。 4．句意：你可能会看到许多星星看起来比其他星星大得多。 “much+比较级+than” 比...得多，此处要用比较级，large的比较级是larger，故选B。 5．句意：你可能还会看到一些看起来白色的星星实际上是红色和蓝色的。 as well也（常用于句末）；also也（常用于肯定句句中）；either也（常用于否定句）；as well as也（用于句中）。此空位于肯定句句末，as well符合题意。故选A。 6．句意：但科学家们相信，天空中还有一些我们从未见过的东西。 other其他的，是形容词，后跟名词复数；another另一个，指三者或三者以上的另一个，后跟名词单数；the other指另一个（有范围的）或者是其余的人或物，是代词；the others其余的（一个范围内的其他全部），是代词。根据空格后的词“things”是名词复数可知，空格上应填形容词。说的是其他的东西。故选A。 7．句意：我们用世界上最大的望远镜也看不到它们。 can能；could能（can的过去式）；can’t不能；couldn’t不能（can’t的过去式）。根据前文的“things in the sky that we never see”可知，这里说的是“用望远镜也看不到它们”。故选C。 8．句意：这是因为它们是被称为黑洞的死恒星。 because 因为，后接句子；because of 因为，后接名词或代词等；why 为什么，so 因此。that’s because +句子，这是因为；that's why+ 句子，这就是为什么.../因此。根据语意和逻辑，“我们用世界上最大的望远镜也看不到它们。因为是它们是死恒星......”可知此处需要表原因的连词，故选A。 9．句意：你可能会发现很难想象星星会消亡。this这个；that那个；one一个；it它。观察句子结构可知，本题考查it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式。故选D。 10．句意：年复一年，我们看到它在天空中明亮地燃烧，给我们带来热量和光。 brighten照亮，动词；brightly明亮地，副词；bright明亮的，形容词；brightness亮度，名词。观察句子结构可知，空格所填词修饰动词“burning”，故填副词形式。故选B。 11．句意：太阳似乎并没有变老或变弱。 be是；being是（be的ing形式）；to be是（be的动词不定式形式）；been是（be的过去分词形式）。本题考查seem to do sth“似乎做某事”。故选C。 12．句意：然而，恒星确实会在数十亿年后燃烧殆尽并死亡。 But但是；So因此；And和；However然而。空格前的句子说的是“太阳似乎并没有变老或变弱”空格后的句子说的是“stars do burn out and die after billions of years”，可知，这里是转折关系。根据空格后有逗号，符合however的用法。故选D。 13．句意：当恒星的气体燃烧时，它们会发出光和热。 burns燃烧（burn的三单形式）；burning燃烧（burn的ing形式）；to burn燃烧（burn的不定式形式）；burned燃烧（burn 的过去式）。根据句意可知，句子说的是“当恒星的气体燃烧时”，故用burn的ing形式。故选B。 14．句意：星星停止发光，开始死亡。 shining发光（shine的ing形式）；to shine发光（shine的不定式形式）；shines发光（shine的三单形式）；shine发光（动词原形）。根据语境可知，这里指的是停止发光这一动作。故用stop doing sth“停止做某事”。故选A。 15．句意：这个地方多么棒啊！ How多么；What多么；What a多么一个；How a错误结构。根据句子结构可知，本题考查感叹句。观察句子结构可知，感叹句的主语“it”前是“wonderful place”，属于名词短语，符合what的感叹句结构“What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语”，根据“wonderful place”的中心词“place”是一个可数名词单数，故用what a来引导这个感叹句，故选C。 二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） July 4, 2021 was an important day in space for China. At 14:57, taikonauts (航天员) Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo returned to their module (舱) Tianhe, after 16 for about seven hours in space. Such space walking by taikonauts will be 17 for future space work. It is because there are many jobs that require human action, such as 18 cameras on the space station’s surface (表面), keeping the surface clean, and many others. There are two main 19 that make the space walking possible. One is the mechanical arm (机械臂) to help taikonauts 20 of their module and reach wherever they need to reach. The taikonauts’ ability to walk in space 21 shows great progress in China’s mechanical arm technology (科技、技术). The other technology is the new-generation space suit that protects the taikonauts from the changing temperatures. The suit also helps them fight 22 the strong space rays. The success of the first space walk by taikonauts shows China has made technological progress in space industry. And behind taikonauts are many 23 and hundreds of thousands of other workers. They do their jobs well to get the taikonauts into space and make sure of their 24 return. The efforts of them have changed “taikonaut” from just a word into a fact, and all of them should share the honor and the 25 . A bright future for the Chinese space industry is coming! 16．A．jumping B．spreading C．falling D．working 17．A．necessary B．huge C．fresh D．easy 18．A．setting off B．setting down C．setting up D．setting out 19．A．standards B．technologies C．abilities D．moments 20．A．go out B．run out C．look out D．take out 21．A．differently B．hardly C．lightly D．surely 22．A．in B．for C．against D．with 23．A．actors B．scientists C．patients D．passengers 24．A．fast B．safe C．pale D．immediate 25．A．effort B．introduction C．attention D．success 【答案】 16．D 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．A 21．D 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了两种帮助航天员太空行走的科学技术，以及中国在太空上取得的进步。 16．句意：14点57分，在太空工作了约7个小时后，航天员刘伯明和汤洪波返回了天和核心舱。 jumping跳跃；spreading传播；falling落下；working工作。根据“for about seven hours in space”可知，此处是指航在员是在太空工作。故选D。 17．句意：航天员的这种太空行走将是未来太空必需的工作。 necessary必需的；huge巨大的；fresh新鲜的；easy容易的。根据下文“It is because there are many jobs that require human action,”可知，此处是指太空行走对未来的太空工作是必需的。故选A。 18．句意：这是因为有很多工作需要人工操作，如在空间站表面安装摄像机，保持表面清洁，以及许多其他工作。 setting off出发；setting down放下；setting up安装；setting out出发。根据“cameras on the space station’s surface,”可知，此处指在空间站表面安装摄像机。故选C。 19．句意：有两项主要技术使太空行走成为可能。 standards标准；technologies技术；abilities能力；moments时刻。根据下文“The other technology is the new-generation space suit that protects the taikonauts from the changing temperatures.”可知，此处是指两项科学技术。故选B。 20．句意：一个是机械臂，它可以帮助航天员走出太空舱，到达他们需要到达的任何地方。 go out出去；run out耗尽；look out留心；take out取出。根据下文“reach wherever they need to reach”可知，此处是指航天员走出太空舱，到达想要到的地方。故选A。 21．句意：航天员在太空行走的能力无疑显示了中国机械臂技术的巨大进步。 differently不同地；hardly几乎不；lightly轻轻地；surely无疑，肯定。结合“The taikonauts’ ability to walk in space… shows great progress in China’s mechanical arm technology”和备选词汇可知，此处是指太空行走能力无疑显示了中国机械臂技术的进步。故选D。 22．句意：这套宇航服还能帮助他们抵御强烈的太空射线。 in在……里；for给，为；against反对；with具有。结合“the strong space rays”和备选词汇可知，此处考查fight against“与……作斗争”，动词短语。故选C。 23．句意：航天员背后是许多科学家和成千上万的其他工作人员。 actors演员；scientists科学家；patients病人；passengers乘客。根据“They do their jobs well to get the taikonauts into space…”可知，此处是指在航天员们的成功是科学家和其他工作人员的默默付出的结果。故选B。 24．句意：他们做好他们的工作，把航天员送入太空，确保他们安全返回。 fast快速的；safe安全的；pale苍白的；immediate快速的。此处是要确保航天员安全返回。故选B。 25．句意：他们的努力使“航天员”从一个词变成了一个事实，他们都应该分享荣誉和成功。 effort努力；introduction说明；attention注意；success成功。根据“The efforts of them have changed ‘taikonaut’ from just a word into a fact”可知，此处是让中国探索太空成为一个事实，这是一种荣耀和成功。故选D。 三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A Do you think it is not believable to bring fish to space? Have you ever imagined raising fish in space? Recently, three astronauts from China have made it a reality! On April 26, three astronauts in Shenzhou XVIII manned spaceship (神舟十八号载人航天飞船) successfully entered the space station. They will carry out more than 90 experiments (实验) in space, such as microgravity (微重力) in space, medicine and many other science topics. The astronauts brought a fish tank filled with water to the space station. Four zebrafish and algae (水藻) live inside it. The algae give the fish oxygen (氧气), keeping them alive. The tank can also feed the fish, control the temperature and lighting, and collect fish eggs by itself. Why zebrafish? Because they are quite easy to feed and they share 70% of their genes (基因) with humans. “The result of this experiment is very precious for it is China’s first space-based study of water ecosystems(生态系统). Next, we plan on bringing mice to space. We’ll raise them there for a while and then bring them back to Earth for further study,” a professor told CCTV News. Studying animals in space can help scientists know how the human body reacts to space conditions. The Shenzhou XVIII is expected to return to the earth after six months in space. Right now, China is going to finish picking its new astronauts. These new astronauts will join the team already working on space station tasks and help achieve China’s first manned landing on the moon. 26．The fish tank was taken into space station to help astronauts . A．raise fish and mice B．carry out experiments C．entertain their freetime D．provide enough oxygen 27．Why are zebrafish chosen to study in space according to Para.4? ①They are easy to feed in the spaceship. ②They share over two-thirds of genes with humans. ③They can live without oxygen in the fish tank. ④They can control the temperature and lighting. A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．③④ 28．The above passage is probably taken from the magazine . A． B． C． D． 29．The best title of the passage could be . A．Flying to the Moon B．Raising Mice in Space C．The First Manned Landing D．Working on Space Experiments 【答案】26．B 27．A 28．C 29．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了神舟十八号载人飞船将在太空完成的任务和意义。 26．细节理解题。根据“They will carry out more than 90 experiments (实验) in space, such as microgravity (微重力) in space, medicine and many other science topics.”以及“The astronauts brought a fish tank filled with water to the space station. Four zebrafish and algae (水藻) live inside it.”可知，鱼缸被带到了空间站，以帮助宇航员进行实验。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据“Because they are quite easy to feed and they share 70% of their genes (基因) with humans.”可知，因为它们在宇宙飞船里很容易喂养并且它们与人类有超过三分之二的基因相同。故选A。 28．推理判断题。根据“Do you think it is not believable to bring fish to space? Have you ever imagined raising fish in space? Recently, three astronauts from China have made it a reality!”可知，本文可能摘自于杂志的太空部分。故选C。 29．最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了神舟十八号载人飞船将在太空完成的任务和意义。因此文章的最佳标题为“从事太空实验”。故选D。 B Huang Weifen is an expert in our country’s aerospace industry (航空航天工业). She made her name as the “female coach (女教练) of astronauts” as she created a training program for Chinese astronauts. This program helps astronauts to develop the skills they need to work in space. Huang was born in 1964. From a young age, she enjoyed learning. When she finished high school, she did well in the gaokao. So, she could choose from many famous universities. But she found it difficult to make a decision. Her father’s words showed her the way. Her father told her that national defense technology (国防科技) is very important for a country. So, she decided to go to Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. In 1988, Huang got a master’s degree (硕士学位) and began to work in China’s aerospace industry. In 1996, she took on the work of making a plan for selecting and training astronauts. She was nervous because this was new in China. But she knew she had to face up to the difficulty. Through hard work, she finished the plan only in three months. In 1999, Huang led a team to train China’s first astronauts. Since then, they have trained groups of excellent astronauts for our country. Huang and her team came along way from nowhere to where they are today. Looking back at the start, Huang is thankful for the hard work of everyone on the team. And she is so happy to be part of it. 30．What do we know about Huang’s early life? A．She really loved learning. B．She wanted to be an astronaut. C．She went through difficult training. D．She visited many famous universities. 31．When did Huang begin to make a plan for selecting and training astronauts? A．In 1964. B．In 1988. C．In 1996. D．In 1999. 32．What does the underlined word “selecting” mean in Paragraph 3? A．比较 B．选拔 C．服务 D．增加 33．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Huang loves her team and her work. B．Huang hopes to go into space one day. C．Huang has a big plan for her future work. D．Huang hopes to have more young people on the team. 【答案】30．A 31．C 32．B 33．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了我国航天工业的专家黄伟芬及其创立的中国航天员培训项目。 30．细节理解题。根据“From a young age, she enjoyed learning.”可知，她从小就喜欢学习。故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据“In 1996, she took on the work of making a plan for selecting and training astronauts”可知，1996年，她开始着手制定选拔和训练宇航员的计划。故选C。 32．词义猜测题。根据“In 1996, she took on the work of making a plan for selecting and training astronauts”及“In 1999, Huang led a team to train China’s first astronauts.”可知，此处是指选拔和训练宇航员，所以selecting的含义是“选拔”。故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据“Huang and her team came along way from nowhere to where they are today. Looking back at the start, Huang is thankful for the hard work of everyone on the team. And she is so happy to be part of it.”可知，黄伟芬喜欢她的团队和她的工作。故选A。 C Do you ever think about the universe? It’s amazing, isn’t it? How big is it? What’s out there? Are there other planets with life on them? We don’t know yet, but we’re trying to discover more. Some people work hard to learn about the universe. They are astronomers (天文学家) and they look at the stars. Other people design and make machines and these machines travel in space. Astronauts go up into space and look at the earth. They also take photos of the other planets and the stars. Sometimes they live in space for a few days or weeks. They do experiments (实验) and learn about what happens to the human body in space. The space is really mysterious. It’s strange but interesting for us because we don’t know much about them. Soon, some people will be able to travel into space for fun. A company called Virgin Galactic is designing a new kind of plane. This plane can go very fast and very high. People who want to travel in space will pay $200,000 for a ticket. The plane goes up to 100 kilometers above the earth. There are only six passengers and two pilots on the plane. The journey is only two hours, so the passengers don’t get any food. But they can see the earth from space and that’s an amazing thing! This could be the most exciting holiday experience in the future. 34．What do astronauts do in space? A．Do experiments. B．Design new machines. C．Look at the stars. D．Make machines. 35．What does the underlined word “mysterious” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Secret. B．Difficult. C．Horrible. D．Terrible. 36．According to the passage, what will people do if they want to travel to space in the future? A．Buy tickets for your family with eight people. B．Pay $200,000 for a ticket on a special plane. C．Bring food for lunch on the plane. D．They can wear warm clothes. 37．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The history of space travel company B．An exciting holiday experience in space C．Learn about the universe from astronauts to space traveling D．Travel into space for fun 【答案】34．A 35．A 36．B 37．C 【导语】本文主要讨论了宇宙的奇妙和人类探索宇宙的一些方式。 34．细节理解题。根据“They do experiments and learn about what happens to the human body in space.”可知，他们会在太空做实验，故选A。 35．词义猜测题。根据“It’s strange but interesting for us because we don’t know much about them.”可知，我们对太空并没有了解太多，所以这里的“mysterious”意味着太空充满了未知和秘密，“Secret秘密”是合适的解释。故选A。 36．推理判断题。根据“people who want to travel in space will pay $200,000 for a ticket”可知未来人们如果想体验太空旅行，可以付20万美元。故选B。 37．主旨大意题。根据“Some people work hard to learn about the universe.”及“Soon, some people will be able to travel into space for fun.”，可知从宇航员的太空活动讲到普通人的太空旅行体验，涵盖了从专业探索到商业旅游的多个方面。故选C。 D Mars: The Red PlanetMars is the fourth planet from the sun and is the second smallest planet in our solar system. Mars is sometimes called the Red Planet because of its colour. There isn’t enough oxygen (O2) for people on Mars. Did You Know...? ● Mars was named after the Roman god of war. ● A Mars day is called a “sol”. Space journey to Mars It is important to visit Mars at the right time because Earth and Mars are always moving. Sometimes, Mars is closer to Earth than at other times. Choosing the shortest way is a good idea because the journey will cost less. Why Mars?Mars is the safest planet to travel to because: ● it has a little water; ● it gets enough sunlight to use solar power; ● we can try to walk on it; ● a day on Mars is almost as long as on Earth. Mars Quick FactsSize: 6779km Moons: 2 Length of day: 24 hours 37 minutes Temperature: -153℃ ~ 20℃ Atmosphere: 95%CO2 Humans want to find out if there might be life on other planets and scientists believe that Mars is the best planet for life, apart from Earth. 38．What can we know about Mars from the text? A．It’s the fourth planet from the earth. B．It’s the closest planet to the sun. C．It’s the red planet in the solar system. D．It’s the smallest planet in the solar system. 39．How many moons go around Mars? A．2 B．20 C．24 D．37 40．Why is Mars the safest planet to travel to? A．Earth and Mars are always moving. B．The temperature on Mars is not high or low. C．There is a lot of oxygen (O2) and water on Mars. D．The environment of Mars is like that of the earth. 【答案】38．C 39．A 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一些关于火星的信息。 38．细节理解题。根据“Mars is sometimes called the Red Planet because of its colour.”可知火星是红色的。故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据“Moons: 2”可知有2颗卫星围绕着火星。故选A。 40．推理判断题。根据“Mars is the safest planet to travel to because: ● it has a little water; ● it gets enough sunlight to use solar power; ● we can try to walk on it; ● a day on Mars is almost as long as on Earth.”可以推断火星比较安全是因为其环境是比较接近地球的。故选D。 四、阅读填空（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 Flying Dream Will Never Stop “Will you float (漂浮) around when you sleep in the spaceship? Will you dream? 41 ”, asked some students. On December 9th, 2021, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, gave a special space lecture (天宫课) to the children at the Chinese Space Station. 42 During the 40 minutes of the class, the astronauts (宇航员) did some simple experiments (实验). 43 44 In the space station, astronauts cannot walk as freely as the ground, and even easy things can be difficult. Moreover, micro-gravity causes blood surge, swelling the face and affecting health. There is a love, called persistence (坚持). Chinese flying dream will not shrink back (退缩) because of difficulties. 45 A．The children had great interest in these small experiments! B．Our flying dream will never stop! C．They are the Shenzhou-13 astronauts. D．But behind these interesting experiments are difficulties and efforts (努力). E．Are the dreams different from those on the earth? 【答案】41．E 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了神舟十三号宇航员在空间站授课的事情，以及他们在太空中遇到的困难。 41．根据“Will you dream...asked some students.”可知，此处是学生提出的问题。选项E“这些梦和地球上的梦不同吗”符合语境。故选E。 42．根据“On December 9th, 2021, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, gave a special space lecture to the children at the Chinese Space Station.”可知，前文介绍了翟志刚等人在空间站授课的事情，此处应介绍他们是谁。选项C“他们是神舟十三号的宇航员”符合语境。故选C。 43．根据“the astronauts did some simple experiments...”可知，设空处应介绍实验的相关内容。选项A“孩子们对这些小实验非常感兴趣”符合语境。故选A。 44．根据“In the space station, astronauts cannot walk as freely as the ground, and even easy things can be difficult. Moreover, micro-gravity causes blood surge, swelling the face and affecting health.”可知，本段主要介绍了宇航员们在太空会遇到的困难。选项D“但是在这些有趣的实验背后都是困难和努力”引出下文，符合语境。故选D。 45．根据“Chinese flying dream will not shrink back because of difficulties.”可知，中国的飞行梦不会因困难而退缩，选项B“我们飞行梦永不停止”总结全文，符合语境。故选B。 五、短语填空（首字母填空）（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读短文，根据上下文和所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 （2023年广州一模真题改编） Space Station Rice Tests Show Hope Chinese astronauts have successfully grown a seedling rice seedlings on the Tiangong space station. The rice e___46______ being done on Tiangong is the first of its kind. Its pursose is to produce the complete life cycle of the plant. The cycle begins with a seed and e 47 with a mature plant producing new seeds. China s 48 the Wentian space lab into space on July 24, 2022. The space lab w____49____23,000 kg and is 17.9-metre tall. It is the biggest spacecraft in our country until now. “If we want to land on and explore Mars, food brought from the Earth is not enough for the astronauts’ long journey in space. We have to find methods to stay a 50 from hunger during the space explorations.” said Zheng Huiqiong, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. 【答案】46． (e)xperiment 47．(e)nds 48．(s)ent 49．(w)eighs 50．(a)way 【导语】本文主要讲空间站水稻试验显示希望。 46．句意：在天宫上进行的水稻实验是首次进行此类实验。 (e)xperiment “试验，试验”,定冠词the修饰，特指此次水稻试验，以及谓语is，可知要用单数形式。故填 (e)xperiment。 47．句意：这个周期从一个种子开始，到一个成熟的植物产生新的种子结束。根据“The cycle begins with a seed”可知周期有开始有结束，end with“以……结束”，and连接并列谓语，与begins一致用第三人称单数形式。故填(e)nds。 48．句意：2022年7月24日，中国将问天空间实验室送入太空。根据“China s... the Wentian space lab into space on July 24, 2022.”可知是送入太空，send ... into ...“把……送入……”，结合“on July 24, 2022”可知用一般过去时，send的过去式sent。故填(s)ent。 49．句意：太空实验室重23,000公斤，高17.9米。根据“23000 kg”和句子成分分析，可知缺少动词“重”weigh,主语the space lab是第三人称单数，且是一般现在时，故填weighs。 50．句意：在太空探索中，我们必须找到远离饥饿的方法。stay away from“远离”。故填(a)way。 六、完成句子 （本大题共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 51．卫星发射后成功进入轨道。 The satellite successfully after being launched. 【答案】 got into orbit 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此空意为“进入轨道”。get into orbit“进入轨道”；结合语境可知，本题为一般过去时，所以用过去式。故填got；into；orbit。 52．建造长城花了数千人许多年的时间。 people many years to build the Great Wall. 【答案】 It took thousands of 【详解】分析句子，该句为句型“It takes sb. time to do sth.”，意为“花费某人多少时间做某事”，固定句型；此处需用it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式；又因长城已经建成了，描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时，take的过去式是took。thousands of“成千上万的”，表示概数。故填It；took；thousands；of。 53．辛迪喜欢拍照，并与她的朋友分享照片。 Cindy loves and sharing them with her friends. 【答案】 taking photos/pictures 【详解】“拍照”take photos/pictures；“喜欢做某事”love doing sth.。故填taking；photos/pictures。 54．也许那时我们将去太空站参观。 Maybe we the then. 【答案】 will visit space station 【详解】“将去参观” 英文表达为will visit；“太空站”英文表达为“space station”，名词短语。故填will ；visit；space；station。 55．咱们去公园锻炼吧，这样我们可以呼吸新鲜空气。 Let’s _________ in the park so that we can some fresh air. 【答案】 do exercise breathe 【详解】 “锻炼” do exercise；“呼吸”breathe。 let sb.+动词原形，can后加动词原形。故填 do exercise； breathe。 七、书面表达（15分） 56．神舟十三号顺利升空，王亚平成为我国第一个太空行走的女性航天员；她十几年如一日刻苦训练，从不言弃，到目前已经两次实现了自己的航天梦。请根据下面表格所提供的信息，用英文写一篇介绍中国航天英雄王亚平的短文，介绍她的优秀品质，并谈谈作为青少年该如何向她学习。 姓名 王亚平 出生年月 1980 年 1 月 籍贯 山东烟台 入党时间 2000 年 5 月 主要事迹 1.2021 年 10月16日和翟志刚、叶光富乘神舟十三号再次进入太空； 2.作为我国第一个女性航天员进行了太空行走； 3.第二次在太空为青少年进行授课； 4.在太空中度过了6个月之后成功地返回地球。 你的感想 …… 作文要求： 1.包含所有要点，不要逐字翻译，围绕要点适当发挥； 2.语篇完整，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 3.文中不能出现除题目以外的个人信息，否则一律不予评分； 4.不少于80词。 The Introduction of Wang Yaping ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Wang Yaping is an excellent astronaut in China. She was born in Yantai, Shandong Province in January ,1980. She joined the Party in May, 2000. She went into space together with Zhai Zhigang and Ye Guangfu by taking China’s Shenzhou-13 spaceship on October 16th, 2021. Wang Yaping is the first Chinese female astronaut to walk in space. She also gave an interesting physics lesson for teenagers in space again. She came back to the earth successfully after a 6-month trip to space. We are all proud of her. As a student, we should learn from her and face the difficulties in our study bravely. We will also try our best to make our dreams come true in the future. 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，以第三人称为主。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍王亚平的基本信息； 第二步，具体阐述王亚平的主要事迹； 第三步，最后表达你的感想。 [亮点词汇] ①be born in出生于 ②be proud of以……自豪 ③try one’s best to do尽某人最大的努力做 [高分句型] we should learn from her and face the difficulties in our study bravely.（and连接两个并列结构） 答案第10页，共10页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$