Unit 4 Period 2 Reading and Thinking-【新课程能力培养】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册学习手册（人教版）

UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION　 Period 2　Reading and Thinking Ⅰ. 重点知识讲解 1. determine 【归纳拓展】 determine v. 确定;决定 determined adj. 坚定的 determination n. 决心 be determined to do 决定做某事=determine to do 【情境助记】 (1)The investigation what real- ly happened. 调查将确定到底发生了什么。 (2)Every time he failed in his exams,he would than ever. 每次考试不及格,他都会下定决心要比以 往更加努力。 ( 3 ) I had no help from anyone, but I get myself better. 我没有得到任何人的帮助,但我决心让 自己变得更好。 2. disappoint 【归纳拓展】 disappointed adj. 感到失望的 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappoint v. 使失望 disappointment n. 失望 to one􀆳s disappointment 令某人感到失望的 是…… be disappointed at / by sth. 对……感到失望 be disappointed to do 做某事感到失望 be disappointed with sb. 对某人感到失望 【情境助记】 (1)I　 　 　 　 　 　 　 the result of the game. 我对比赛的结果感到相当失望。 (2) She 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 learn that she didn􀆳t pass the interview. 得知她没有通过面试,她很失望。 (3) We the rainy weather has ruled out the picnic on the weekend. 我们很失望,阴雨天气使我们取消了周 末的野餐。 3. desire 【归纳拓展】 a desire to do sth. 做某事的渴望 have no desire to do sth. 不想做某事 desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 desire sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事 【情境助记】 (1) It is my that all the mem- bers of the family ( should) gather once a year. 我希望家里的所有成员(应该)每年聚会 一次。 (2)She expresses a desire . 她表达了与我们合作的愿望。 (3)I get down to work at once. 我希望你立即开始工作。 4. signal 【归纳拓展】 signal v. 发信号 n. 信号 signal for 示意 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 57 signal sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事 【情境助记】 (1) He stood up, at the officer that he had finished talking with his client. 他站起来,向警官示意他已经和他的委 托人谈完了。 (2) When he got up from the table,it was the for us to leave. 当他从桌子上站起来时,这是我们要离 开的信号。 5. lack 【归纳拓展】 lack v. & n. 缺乏 for lack of 因缺乏…… (a)lack of 缺乏 be lacking in 缺乏 【情境助记】 (1)None of his plans was successful because he . 他的计划没有一个是成功的,因为他缺乏 决心。 (2) Lack self-confidence is the reason why he failed in the interview. 缺乏自信是他面试失败的原因。 (3)A person who holds a hand over his mouth when talking is the one that is lacking confidence. 说话时用手捂着嘴的人, 是缺乏自信 的人。 6. argue 【归纳拓展】 argue v. 争论 argument n. 争论 argue with sb. about sth. 与某人争论某事 【情境助记】 (1)It is no use about the ques- tion for he won􀆳t change his mind. 这个问题和他争论是没有用的,他不会改 变主意的。 (2) Baker cutting the education budget. 贝克反对削减教育预算。 7. limited 【归纳拓展】 limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj. 无限制的 unlimited adj. 任意多的;无限制的 limit v. & n. 限制 limit􀆺to􀆺(被动形式 be limited to􀆺) set a limit on􀆺对……设定限度 【情境助记】 They have to the expense of the trip. 他们必须限制旅行的费用。 8. attach 【归纳拓展】 attach v. 系;附上;重视 attached adj. 爱慕的;附着的 attachment n. 喜爱;附件 be attached to􀆺 爱慕 attach􀆺to􀆺把……附(绑、贴、系)着在……上 attach importance / value to 认为……重要 / 有 价值 【情境助记】 (1) the envelope before you post your letter. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 58 UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION　 寄信之前,请在信封上贴上邮票。 (2)Bloggers generally the num- ber of viewers a post earns. 博主通常非常重视帖子获得的观众数量。 (3) Please check my application letter and re- sume in the . 请查看附件中我的求职信和简历。 9. figure out 【归纳拓展】 figure out 弄明白;计算 figure on 预料到;计划;打算 【情境助记】 (1)We will how much water the plants use when they􀆳re growing. 我们将计算出植物在生长时使用了多 少水。 (2)We did not having so many people at the picnic. 我们没想到野餐有这么多人。 10. result in 【归纳拓展】 result in 导致;造成 result from 因为;由于 as a result 结果 as a result of 因为 【情境助记】 The snow lasted a week, a seri- ous traffic confusion in the whole area. 这场雪持续了一周,导致全区交通严重混乱。 Ⅱ. 重点句型解读 1. While sleeping, they must attach them- selves to something so as to prevent float- ing around. 睡觉时,他们必须把自己系在某物上,以 防乱飘。 本句中 while sleeping 为省略句,其完整形式 为 while they are sleeping。 状语从句的省略:如果从句的主语和主句的 主语一致,或者从句的主语为 it,且从句的谓 语含有 be 动词的某种形式时,可以省略从句 的主语和 be 动词。 常见的省略情况有以下 几种: (1)时间状语中的省略 When ( we are ) comparing different cul- tures, we often only pay attention to the differences without noticing the similarities. 当(我们) 比较不同的文化时,我们往往 只关注差异,而没有注意到相似之处。 (2)地点状语中的省略 Put in articles wherever (it is) necessary in the following passage. 在下面的段落中,在必要的地方插入冠 词。 (3)条件状语中的省略 There are few people nowadays, if ( there are) any,who remember him. 现在很少有人记得他,如果有的话。 (4)让步状语中的省略 Even if (I am) invited,I won􀆳t go to such a bad lecture. 即使(我) 被邀请,我也不会去听这么糟 糕的讲座。 2. This is because people believe in the im- portance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. 这是因为尽管有巨大的风险,人们还是相 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 59 信进行太空探索的重要性。 This / That is because􀆺这 / 那是因为…… because 引导表语从句 This / That is why􀆺这 / 那是……的原因 This is the reason why􀆺这就是……的原因 The reason why􀆺is that􀆺 ……的原因是…… (1)The reason he has had such a success is he never gives up. 他之所以能取得如此成功,是因为他从不 放弃。 (2 ) The scenery along the Yangtze River is amazing,and that􀆳s I think the trip along it will be a better choice. 长江沿岸的景色美不胜收,所以我觉得 沿江旅行会是一个更好的选择。 3. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003,when Yang Liwei success- fully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. 在 2003 年,杨利伟成功地在神舟五号上 绕地球环行,这使中国成为世界上第三个 独立将人类送入太空的国家。 序数词后跟不定式短语作定语 知识运用 今天早晨谁是第一个到教室的? Who was the first to the class- room this morning? 知识延伸:英语中常用不定式作后置定语的 情况: (1) 被修饰词前有序数词、形容词最高级修 饰时,常用不定式作后置定语。 (2) 被修饰词前有 the only,the very,the next 等词时。 (3) 抽象名词。 time,way,ability,reason,chance,courage, opportunity 等后常用不定式作定语。 (4) 不定代词 something,nothing,little 等后常 用不定式作定语。 Ⅲ. 小试牛刀 1. With the help of doctors and families, the brave boy fought against the illness with courage and (determine). 2. She (signal) to a passing taxi and asked the driver to take her to the rail- way station. 3. Can you tell me what the best way (do) the experiment is? 4. Whenever there is an ( ar- gue) between the couple,the husband may either keep silent or simply smile. 5. Even the most boring times in life are (limit),so cherish every mi- nute and second. 6. When I opened my book,I found a beautiful card ( attach ) to the first page. 7. Being the coach of the new team,I was excit- ed because I knew I was going to win,but my disappointment we were defeated. 8. In order to succeed,your desire 　 success should be greater than your fear of failure. 9. Although she had some health problems,she 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 60 UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION　 carried on ( work) hard late into night. 10. The captain refused to leave his sinking ship because there were others board. 11. I am inspired by her courage and strong de- sire (succeed). 12. He hurried to the booking office, only ( tell) that the tickets had been sold out. 13. That is the only way we can imagine (reduce) the overuse of wa- ter in students􀆳 bathrooms. 14. Many health problems result your bad eating habits. 15. Today we􀆳re going to focus the question of homeless people in Lon- don. 16. As we have learned in history class,India gained ( independent ) in 1947 after a long struggle. 17. He has always been very keen 　 doing physical exercise. 18. Because she was ( lack) in training,she was afraid of making an exhi- bition of herself. 19. There were so many people that Lucy had to shout and wave so as ( no- tice) . 20. One of the (require) for be- ing admitted to the university is that you (pass) the English test. Ⅳ. 语法填空 Looking up at the stars,people have always dreamed of exploring the universe, but before the mid-20th century,most people felt travelling into space was 1. 　 　 　 　 impossible dream. However, with the efforts of some scientists, rockets that could escape Earth􀆳s gravity 2. 　 　 　 　 ( make). In 1961,the USSR sent the first person into space. Then,American as- tronaut Neil Armstrong took the first step on the moon,3. 　 　 　 　 was considered a giant leap for mankind. Scientists tried to ensure the 4. 　 　 　 　 (safe) of the astronauts,but disasters still hap- pened, which made everyone sad and 5. 　 　 　 　 ( disappoint ) . However, human􀆳s desire to explore the universe never died. This is 6. 　 　 　 　 people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. China 7. 　 　 　 　 ( make) great progress in the space programme in recent years. In 2003,Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. More 8. 　 　 　 　 ( recent) China has sent Chang􀆳e 4 9. 　 　 　 　 (explore ) the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations. The future of space exploration remains bright. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable 10. 　 　 　 　 (we) to understand how the uni- verse began,but also help us survive well into the future. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 61 14. on　 15. selection　 16. coming　 17. was admitted 18. about　 19. from;being injured　 20. from Ⅳ. 语法填空 1. admitted　 2. occurred　 3. views　 4. Having walked 5. was discovered　 6. which　 7. their　 8. a　 9. rapidly 10. from Period 4　Writing 读后续写 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1: Approaching the doorway, Jenny took a deep breath. When she knocked at the door,she found the door was locked and her mother was not in. Disappointed, she sat down in front of the house. “ Where could my mother be?” she wondered. “ Was she still angry with me?” Again,the scene of the quarrel appeared in her mind. She remembered her rudeness to her mother. Realizing that all the scolding from her mother was due to the fact that her mother really loved her,she felt rather ashamed,and tears began to roll down her cheeks. Paragraph 2: A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back. She raised her head and saw the familiar face of her mother. “ Honey, I􀆳ve been looking for you,” she said,tired and relieved. Jenny couldn􀆳t help throwing herself into her mother􀆳s arms and cried. “Mum,I􀆳m so sorry to have quarreled with you and thank you for all you have done for me. ” She expressed her sincere apology and great thanks. Hearing this,her mother smiled patting her back gently. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION Culture Background Analysis 1—5　 FFTTT Period 1　Listening and Speaking Ⅰ. 重点知识讲解 1. (1)a mental disorder (2)mentally 2. (1)so intelligent that (2)artificial intelligence 3. (1)are going up (2)go up Ⅱ. 重点句型解读 1. ①am　 ②were 2. ①is　 ②Being brought Ⅲ. 小试牛刀 1. mentally　 2. intelligence　 3. has gone　 4. Knowing 5. worrying　 6. over　 7. out　 8. go in for　 9. goes by 10. gone through Ⅳ. 语法填空 1. to chat　 2. becoming　 3. of　 4. experienced　 5. why 6. which　 7. from　 8. a　 9. height　 10. using Period 2　Reading and Thinking Ⅰ. 重点知识讲解 1. (1)will determine (2)determine to work harder (3)was determined to 2. (1)was rather disappointed at (2)was disappointed to (3)are disappointed that 3. (1)desire (2)to cooperate with us (3)desire you to 4. (1)signalling (2)signal 5. (1)lacked determination (2)of 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 4 参考答案与解析　 (3)in 6. (1)arguing with him (2)argued against 7. set a limit on 8. (1)Attach a stamp to (2)attach importance to (3)attachment 9. (1)figure out (2)figure on 10. resulting in Ⅱ. 重点句型解读 2. (1)why; that (2)why 3. to come Ⅲ. 小试牛刀 1. determination　 2. signalled　 3. to do　 4. argument 5. limited　 6. attached　 7. to　 8. for　 9. working　 10. on 11. to succeed　 12. to be told　 13. to reduce　 14. from 15. on　 16. independence　 17. on　 18. lacking 19. to be noticed　 20. requirements; pass Ⅳ. 语法填空 1. an　 2. were made　 3. which　 4. safety　 5. disappointed 6. because　 7. has made　 8. recently　 9. to explore　 10. us Period 4　Writing 读后续写 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1: Carol then found herself in the city with her friends. Carol and her friends went to watch movies. After that they ate delicious food in a restaurant and shopped in a huge mall. Carol was happy that she had the chance to experience the life in the city. Yet at the same time,she understood that everything told by her grand- mother about the city was true. There were no quiet and peaceful places; the city life was fast and rushing. The air quality is not satisfying. She could hardly find any animals or trees. Paragraph 2: Carol􀆳s brother Rob was calling her for lunch and Carol woke up. She recalled what happened just now in her dream and realized that her life in the village with her family was far more wonderful than the city life. Carol understood that she was having a more joy- ful life. She shared her dream with her family while enjoying the fresh fruits and vegetables,and they laughed together. Carol also developed a love for plants,animals and the beautiful nature. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 UNIT 5　THE VALUE OF MONEY Culture Background Analysis 1—5　 FTTFF Period 1　Listening and Speaking Ⅰ. 重点知识讲解 1. (1)for　 (2)at 2. (1)for　 (2)reserves 3. (1)for　 (2)as 4. (1)to　 (2)to attend 5. in　 6. dressed Ⅲ. 小试牛刀 一、单句语法填空 1. more convenient　 2. for / to　 3. convenience　 4. a　 5. for 6. reserved　 7. a　 8. with　 9. of　 10. when; running 二、语法填空 1. a　 2. was sweeping　 3. to turn　 4. interviewed 5. which / that　 6. nearest　 7. inconvenience　 8. but 9. currently　 10. fundraising Period 2　Reading and Thinking Ⅰ. 重点知识讲解 1. (1)on　 (2)Basing　 (3)basis　 (4)basically 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 5