Unit 4 Period 1 Listening and Speaking-【新课程能力培养】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册学习手册（人教版）

UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION Culture Background Analysis Space Universe Solar system Asteroid Spacecraft Mars Atmosphere Galaxy Rover Chinese scientists have completed the con- struction of a rover(探测车),which is planned to be used in the country􀆳s first mission to Mars, Chinese media reported,citing space experts. The planned mission includes orbiting, landing and moving on the surface of Mars,ac- cording to the Global Times newspaper. If the mission succeeds, scientists will be able to study the planet􀆳s atmosphere,as well as topographical(地形), geological and magnetic field features,which will help to get a clue about the origin and evolution (development) of Mars and the entire Solar System. At the same time,the main goal of the mis- sion is to find possible signs of life on Mars,as well as to help scientists understand whether conditions on Mars may change in the future so that the planet will be suitable for human life. According to earlier reports, China will launch its first mission to Mars in July or August 2020. It is due to be launched by the Changzheng 5 (“ Long March 5”) rocket from the Wenchang cosmodrome(卫星发射基地) in Hainan Province. The heavy lift launch vehicle is designed to directly bring the probe(探测器) to the transi- tional Earth-Mars orbit(地火转移轨道). According to preliminary(初步的) calcula- tions,it will take seven months to reach the sur- face of the Red Planet. If the mission succeeds, the probe will send data to Earth in 2021. 根据上文判断正(T)误(F)。 (　 　 ) 1. Chinese scientists have finished the first mission to Mars. ( 　 　 ) 2. The mission is to orbit, land,move and live on Mars. ( 　 　 ) 3. If the mission is successful,scientists will get much information about Mars. (　 　 )4. The mission rocket will be launched in Hainan. ( 　 　 ) 5. The vehicle will spend 7 months reaching Mars. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 52 UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION　 Period 1　Listening and Speaking Ⅰ. 重点知识讲解 1. mental 【归纳拓展】 mental adj. 精神的;思想的 physical adj 身体的 mentally adv. 精神地 【情境助记】 (1)She was suffering from . 她患有精神障碍。 (2)The little boy is very alert. 小男孩精神非常警觉。 2. intelligent 【归纳拓展】 intelligent adj. 聪明的 intelligence n. 智力 【情境助记】 (1)The boy was he went to uni- versity at an early age. 这个男孩如此聪明以至于很小就上了 大学。 (2) They have made great progress in machine translation and . 他们在机器翻译和人工智能方面取得了 长足的进步。 3. go up 【归纳拓展】 (1) go up by 上升了 ( 表示上升的程度或 幅度) go up to 上升到(表示上升后的结果) (2) go after 追逐;追求 go against 反对;违背;不利于 go ahead 进行,进展;做吧,干吧 go along 进展;继续 go by (时间)流逝 go over 仔细检查 go in for 爱好;参加考试(或竞赛) go out 出去;熄灭 go through 仔细察看某事物,检查某事 物;经历,遭受;(法律、合同等正式)通过 go down(物价等)下跌;(温度等)下降; (船等) 下沉;(日、月) 落到地平线下, 落下 go without 勉强凑合;没有……也行 【情境助记】 ( 1) Several new malls in the centre of this city. 几个新的购物中心正在这个城市的中心 兴建。 (2)It is predicted that food prices will continue to in the next few months. 预计未来几个月,食品价格将继续上涨。 Ⅱ. 重点句型解读 1. Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment,but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training. 宇航员不仅要学习如何使用太空设备,还 要进行大量的脑力和体力训练。 (1)句式分析:这是一个使用了 not only􀆺but also􀆺的并列句。 (2) not only 􀆺but ( also) 􀆺表示“不但…… 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 53 而且……”。 该结构用法说明: ①语法功能:连词词组,用于连接平行结构的 句子、短语、名词、代词等 ②主谓一致:参照就近原则 ③句子结构:当 not only 位于句首,且后接句 子时,后面的句子要用部分倒装结构 Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan. 不但学生们反对这个计划,老师也反对。 He not only read the book,but also remembered what he had read. 他不但读了这本书,而且记得所读的内容。 Not only does the sun give us light but also it gives us heat. 太阳给我们提供光和热。 单句语法填空 ①Not only he but also I ( be) fond of playing the piano. ②Not only he but also his parents 　 ( be) pleased when the result was an- nounced. 2. I think being an astronaut would be cool. 我认为成为一名宇航员会很酷。 (1) 句式分析:这是一个复合句。 主句的主 语是 I,think 是谓语,后面是省略了引导 词 that 的宾语从句。 在宾语从句中,be- ing an astronaut 是动名词作主语。 (2) v. -ing(短语)作主语 ①v. -ing(短语)作主语往往表示一般情况或 抽象动作,其被动形式为 being done。 ②谓语动词的数:单个的 v. -ing(短语) 作主 语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式;但是两个及 以上的 v. -ing(短语)作主语时,谓语动词的 数要根据叙述的事来确定。 如果是一件事, 谓语动词要用单数形式;如果是两件或多件 事情,谓语动词用复数形式。 Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. 大声朗读对我们学习外语非常重要。 Being praised by his teacher made him regain confidence. 被老师表扬使他重新获得了信心。 Seeing much, suffering much, and studying much are the three pillars of learning. 见识多、遭难重、钻研深是学问的三大要素。 ③当 use,good,worth,fun 等名词或形容词作 表语时, 可用 it 作形式主语, 把作主语的 v. -ing 后置。 常见句型有: It is no use / no good / a waste of time doing sth. 做某事没有用 / 没有好处 / 浪费时间。 It is worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。 I think it is no good reading in bed. 我认为在床上看书没有好处。 It is worth seeing the movie for another time. 这部电影值得再看一次。 ④v. -ing(短语)作主语时,如果要突出动作的 执行者,要在前面加上其逻辑主语,这个逻辑 主语要用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词, 不能用名词的普通格或人称代词宾格。 Rose􀆳s coming won􀆳t be of much help. 罗丝的到来不会有多大帮助。 ( 不能用 Rose) 单句语法填空 ① Learning to think critically ( 批 判 性 地 ) ( be ) an important skill 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 54 UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION　 today􀆳s children will need for the future. ② ( bring) up in a poor family made Tom very hard-working when he was still young. Ⅲ. 小试牛刀 1. The ( mental) disabled chil- dren need more concern and love. 2. A child􀆳s ( intelligent) deve- lops rapidly between ages of four and five. 3. Not only his parents but also his brother (go) to the Summer Palace, and they haven􀆳t been back yet. 4. ( know) the differences be- tween the two research findings will be help- ful to your experiment. 5. It􀆳s no use (worry) about it. You can do something to change it. 6. To get a better grade, you should go the notes again before the test. 7. I was in the middle of packing up my things when suddenly the power went 　 in the neighborhood. 用 go 的相关短语完成以下句子 8. I didn􀆳t poetry before, but now I􀆳m beginning to take an interest in it. 9. As time ,he finds it important to learn another foreign language. 10. —The woman biologist had stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. —She must have a lot! Ⅳ. 语法填空 Interviewer: Today we are very pleased 1. 　 　 　 　 ( chat ) with Mr Yang Liwei, the first Chinese astronaut. Welcome to the show, Mr Yang. Mr Yang:Thank you. Interviewer:Mr Yang,our audience is very curious about how you succeeded in 2. 　 　 　 　 (become)China􀆳s first astronaut. It must have been a very difficult thing to achieve. Did you always want to be an astronaut? Mr Yang: Yes, I dreamt 3. 　 　 　 　 it when I was young,but I never thought my wish would come true. It took a long time. First, I got my college degree when I was 22,and then I worked as a fighter pilot for around 10 years. I finally became China􀆳s first astronaut when I was 38 years old. Interviewer: Oh, so you must be a really 4. 　 　 　 　 ( experience) pilot. Do you think that was one of the reasons 5. 　 　 　 　 you were chosen for the space programme? Mr Yang:Sure,I had 1,350 hours of flight experience,6. 　 　 　 　 I think really helped me. Interviewer:So how difficult was it to join the space programme? Mr Yang:There was a lot of competition. Altogether,14 of us were chosen 7. 　 　 　 　 among 1,500 pilots to train for space flights. Interviewer: That sounds really difficult. Did you also have to be 8. 　 　 　 　 certain size and weight? 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 55 Mr Yang:Yes,at the time,you had to be shorter than 172 centimetres in 9. 　 　 　 　 (high) and weigh less than 70 kilograms. You also had to be in perfect health and perfect shape. Interviewer:So you were the perfect choice! As we all know,an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space. But you al- so had to study a lot,too,right? Mr Yang:Yes,I had to learn English,sci- ence, and astronomy. I also had to practice 10. 　 　 　 　 (use) space equipment,and do a lot of mental and physical training. It was very tiring,but I was so proud to have the opportuni- ty. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 56 14. on　 15. selection　 16. coming　 17. was admitted 18. about　 19. from;being injured　 20. from Ⅳ. 语法填空 1. admitted　 2. occurred　 3. views　 4. Having walked 5. was discovered　 6. which　 7. their　 8. a　 9. rapidly 10. from Period 4　Writing 读后续写 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1: Approaching the doorway, Jenny took a deep breath. When she knocked at the door,she found the door was locked and her mother was not in. Disappointed, she sat down in front of the house. “ Where could my mother be?” she wondered. “ Was she still angry with me?” Again,the scene of the quarrel appeared in her mind. She remembered her rudeness to her mother. Realizing that all the scolding from her mother was due to the fact that her mother really loved her,she felt rather ashamed,and tears began to roll down her cheeks. Paragraph 2: A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back. She raised her head and saw the familiar face of her mother. “ Honey, I􀆳ve been looking for you,” she said,tired and relieved. Jenny couldn􀆳t help throwing herself into her mother􀆳s arms and cried. “Mum,I􀆳m so sorry to have quarreled with you and thank you for all you have done for me. ” She expressed her sincere apology and great thanks. Hearing this,her mother smiled patting her back gently. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION Culture Background Analysis 1—5　 FFTTT Period 1　Listening and Speaking Ⅰ. 重点知识讲解 1. (1)a mental disorder (2)mentally 2. (1)so intelligent that (2)artificial intelligence 3. (1)are going up (2)go up Ⅱ. 重点句型解读 1. ①am　 ②were 2. ①is　 ②Being brought Ⅲ. 小试牛刀 1. mentally　 2. intelligence　 3. has gone　 4. Knowing 5. worrying　 6. over　 7. out　 8. go in for　 9. goes by 10. gone through Ⅳ. 语法填空 1. to chat　 2. becoming　 3. of　 4. experienced　 5. why 6. which　 7. from　 8. a　 9. height　 10. using Period 2　Reading and Thinking Ⅰ. 重点知识讲解 1. (1)will determine (2)determine to work harder (3)was determined to 2. (1)was rather disappointed at (2)was disappointed to (3)are disappointed that 3. (1)desire (2)to cooperate with us (3)desire you to 4. (1)signalling (2)signal 5. (1)lacked determination (2)of 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 4