Unit 3 Period 3 Grammar-【新课程能力培养】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册学习手册（人教版）

Period 3　Grammar 省略句 一、简单句中的省略 根据表达的需要,简单句中常省略主语、 谓语或谓语的一部分、宾语、表语等,有时甚 至同时省略若干成分。 (You come) This way,please. 这边请。 (I am feeling) Much better (now). 我现在感觉好多了。 She seldom spends her spare time ( in) studying. 她很少花业余时间学习。 二、并列句中的省略 在并列句中,后面的分句可以省略与前 面的分句中相同的成分。 Tommy must have been playing basketball and Lily ( must have been) doing her home- work. Tommy 一定是在打篮球,Lily 一定是在 写作业。 三、复合句中的省略 1. 状语从句中的省略 (1)在以 when,while,if,as if,though (al- though),as,whether,once 等连词引导的状语 从句中,常常省略与主句相同的主语或作主 语的代词 it 以及 be 动词。 When ( it is) completed,the shop will be open to the public next year. 商店建成后,明年将对公众开放。 Unless ( it is) necessary,you􀆳d better not refer to the dictionary. 除非有必要,你最好不要查词典。 (2)在 than,as 等引导的比较状语从句中 常省略某些成分。 Catherine runs as fast as Lisa (runs). 凯瑟琳和丽萨跑得一样快。 (3)不定式 to 的省略 ①有些动词(短语) ( want,wish,expect, hope,would like,love 等)之后,可省略到动词 不定式符号 to。 —I will be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my dog? 我将要出差。 你介意照看我的狗吗? —Not at all. I would be happy to. 一点儿也不介意。 我很高兴(照看你的 狗)。 ②在感官动词如 see,watch,notice 等及 使役动词 make,let,have 后面作宾补的不定 式要省略 to,但被动语态中 to 要还原。 The little girl was seen to fall from the bike. 小女孩被看见从自行车上摔下来。 ③两个或两个以上的不定式并列,第一 个不定式中的 to 不能省略,第二个不定式中 的 to 可省略;但是当两个不定式表示对比关 系时,第二个不定式中的 to 也不能省略。 Her wish is to earn a lot of money and (to) buy her mother a big house. 她的愿望是赚很多钱,给妈妈买个大 房子。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 46 UNIT 3　DIVERSE CULTURES　 To be or not to be,this is a question. 生存还是毁灭,这是个问题。 2. 宾语从句中的省略 (1)在宾语从句中,连词 that 一般可以省 略;但如果是由 that 引导的两个或两个以上 并列的宾语从句,那么只有第一个 that 可以 省略。 My boss told me he was ill and that he couldn􀆳t go to work the next day. 我老板告诉我他生病了,明天不能来上 班了。 (2)在由 which,when,where,how 和 why 引导的宾语从句中,从属连词后面的可以全 部或部分省略。 I know that he will come to our city but I don􀆳t know when. 我知道他将会来我们的城市,但是我不 知道是什么时候。 3. 定语从句中的省略 (1)在限制性定语从句中有时可以省略 在从句中作宾语的关系代词 whom, which, that。 That is the naughty boy (whom / that) we talked about last week. 那个就是上周我们谈及的顽皮男孩。 (2)way 作先行词,且定语从句中缺少方 式状语,此时引导从句的关系词可以省略。 I don􀆳t like the way ( in which / that) he speaks to me. 我不喜欢他和我说话的方式。 4. 虚拟条件句中的省略 (1)在虚拟条件句中,如含有 had,were, should 等时,if 可省略,句子倒装。 Should it snow tomorrow,you would have to put off your tour. 如果明天下雪的话,你将不得不推迟你 的旅行。 (2)一坚持( insist),二命令( order,com- mand),三建议( suggest, propose, advise),四 要求( demand,require,request,desire)等后的 宾语从句,含这些词的派生词的其他主语从 句、同位语从句、表语从句以及“ it is strange / natural / necessary / important that􀆺” 从句中常 省略 should。 My advice is that we ( should ) tell our teacher the truth. 我的意见是我们应该告诉我们老师 真相。 It is strange that the only son ( should) be treated by his mother like that. 很奇怪这个独生子的妈妈居然那样 对他。 (3)不定式中的省略 ①如果不定式中含有助动词 have 或 be, 则需在 to 之后加 be 或 have。 —Are you a writer? 你是一名作家吗? —No,but I used to be (a writer) . 不,但是我以前是(作家)。 He didn􀆳t come,but he ought to have. 他没来,但是他本应该来。 ②在 nothing􀆺but / except 结构里,介词 but,except 前若有实义动词 do,后面的动词 不定式省略 to;遵循口诀 “前面有 do,后面没 to”,do 为实义动词。 I could do nothing but wait. 我别无选择只能等待。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 47 He did nothing but see a film. 他除了看电影什么都没做。 ③不定式作表语时,若谓语之前出现实 义动词 do 的任何形式,则表语中不定式中的 to 可省略。 The next thing that she wants to do is (to) travel abroad. 她接下来想做的事情是出国旅游。 Before danger, all you should do is ( to) keep calm. 在危险面前,你应该做的事是保持冷静。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 48 14. on　 15. selection　 16. coming　 17. was admitted 18. about　 19. from;being injured　 20. from Ⅳ. 语法填空 1. admitted　 2. occurred　 3. views　 4. Having walked 5. was discovered　 6. which　 7. their　 8. a　 9. rapidly 10. from Period 4　Writing 读后续写 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1: Approaching the doorway, Jenny took a deep breath. When she knocked at the door,she found the door was locked and her mother was not in. Disappointed, she sat down in front of the house. “ Where could my mother be?” she wondered. “ Was she still angry with me?” Again,the scene of the quarrel appeared in her mind. She remembered her rudeness to her mother. Realizing that all the scolding from her mother was due to the fact that her mother really loved her,she felt rather ashamed,and tears began to roll down her cheeks. Paragraph 2: A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back. She raised her head and saw the familiar face of her mother. “ Honey, I􀆳ve been looking for you,” she said,tired and relieved. Jenny couldn􀆳t help throwing herself into her mother􀆳s arms and cried. “Mum,I􀆳m so sorry to have quarreled with you and thank you for all you have done for me. ” She expressed her sincere apology and great thanks. Hearing this,her mother smiled patting her back gently. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION Culture Background Analysis 1—5　 FFTTT Period 1　Listening and Speaking Ⅰ. 重点知识讲解 1. (1)a mental disorder (2)mentally 2. (1)so intelligent that (2)artificial intelligence 3. (1)are going up (2)go up Ⅱ. 重点句型解读 1. ①am　 ②were 2. ①is　 ②Being brought Ⅲ. 小试牛刀 1. mentally　 2. intelligence　 3. has gone　 4. Knowing 5. worrying　 6. over　 7. out　 8. go in for　 9. goes by 10. gone through Ⅳ. 语法填空 1. to chat　 2. becoming　 3. of　 4. experienced　 5. why 6. which　 7. from　 8. a　 9. height　 10. using Period 2　Reading and Thinking Ⅰ. 重点知识讲解 1. (1)will determine (2)determine to work harder (3)was determined to 2. (1)was rather disappointed at (2)was disappointed to (3)are disappointed that 3. (1)desire (2)to cooperate with us (3)desire you to 4. (1)signalling (2)signal 5. (1)lacked determination (2)of 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 4