Unit 3 Celebrations Lesson 1 Spring Festival 课文讲解及知识点讲义 -2024-2025学年高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册

Unit 3 Lesson1 课文讲解及知识点 一 . 课文翻译 ： Spring Festival  春节  Notes from the editor: Spring Festival is an important tradition in China. It has unique meanings. However, people may understand it differently, including those from other cultures. Here are three readers’ accounts to our magazine, who shared their experiences and views about it. 来自编辑的注释：春节是中国的重要传统节日，有着独特的意义。但是，不同的人，包括文化背景不同的人，可能对春节有不同的理解。这是我们杂志的三位读者的叙述，分享了他们关于春节的经历和看法。 Tom Jenkins a 16-year-old exchange student living in Nanjing 汤姆·詹金斯，16岁，交换生，居住南京 It was my first time spending Spring Festival in China with my host family. Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family. Preparations began a week before the festival. First, the house was cleaned from top to bottom. My host mother Mrs Chen said this was to sweep away the dirt of the past year and get ready for the new year. 这是我第一次在中国和我的寄宿家庭一起过春节。每个中国家庭十分重视春节。准备工作从节前一周开始。首先，房子从上到下都打扫了一遍。我的房东妈妈陈太太说这是消除过去一年的积尘，为新的一年准备。 Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our front door. It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives. The character looked really cool. 接下来，汉字“福”倒贴在我们的大门上。据说“福”字被倒贴时，幸福就会到来。这个字看起来很酷。 The greatest excitement began the night before Spring Festival. Fireworks were being let off across the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky. Children were covering their ears but with an expectant look on their faces. Mrs Chen said that it was to scare away the monster Nian. The fireworks were a lot of fun! We then sat together to enjoy a big dinner, wishing everyone a happy new year. 最让人兴奋的是除夕夜。烟花在城市上空燃放，瞬间照亮了夜空。孩子们虽捂着耳朵，脸上却充满期待的表情。陈太太说这是为了吓跑年兽。烟花很有趣！然后我们坐在一起享受丰盛的晚餐，大家互相祝福新年快乐。 Xu Gang a 28-year-old computer engineer working in Shanghai 徐刚，28岁，计算机工程师，在上海工作 I usually start planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival, as train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible. I take great care in choosing gifts for my parents. This year, I bought a bottle of wine for my father and a beautiful sweater for my mother. 我通常在春节前几周就开始计划回山西的行程，因为必须尽早预订火车票或机票。我非常细心地为父母挑选礼物。今年，我给父亲买了一瓶酒，给母亲买了一件漂亮的毛衣。 Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents—I know that I am heading home to my family. I don’t get to travel back to Shanxi very often, so when I get home, my parents will fill me in on what’s been happening—who has got married or had children or gone away to university. It’s great to hear what everyone’s been up to. 每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。我不经常回山西，因此每年回到家，我父母就会把这一年发生的事一股脑儿地告诉我，谁结婚了，谁有小孩了，谁上大学了。很高兴听到大家都在做什么。 We usually have hotpot—it’s so tasty! However, what we eat isn’t the most important thing. What’s important is who we eat it with. It’s a wonderful thing to be back together with my family and talk of old times. When I was a kid, Spring Festival was all about firecrackers, sweets and decorations. As I get older, coming home and being with my entire family is the most important part of it. 我们通常会吃火锅，很好吃！但是，吃什么不重要，重要的是和谁一起吃。和我的家人一起回到过去，谈论过去是一件很美好的事。当我还是个孩子的时候，春节就是爆竹、糖果和装饰品。随着年龄的增长，回家和全家人待在一起则成了春节最重要的一部分。 Li Yan a 70-year-old grandmother from Heilongjiang 李燕，70岁，一位奶奶，居住黑龙江 Spring Festival is family time for us. My husband and I are both retired. We do not see our children and grandchildren very often and we miss them a lot. Weeks before Spring Festival, we start getting ready for their homecoming. Things start to get really busy. We think about what the children would like to eat, what we need to buy and what dishes need to be prepared. 春节是我们的家庭时间。我和丈夫都退休了。我们不经常见到我们的孩子和孙子孙女，非常想念他们。春节前几周，我们开始为他们回家做准备。日子慢慢开始变得忙碌起来。我们琢磨孩子们喜欢吃什么，我们需要买什么，需要准备什么菜。 Our house buzzes with activities when everyone comes home. Our grandchildren run around shouting and playing, and the adults gather around the table to talk about the past year. Great fun is also enjoyed in the kitchen as jiaozi are being made. We always have jiaozi during this time, as they mean something special on this occasion—they are a sign of our wishes for health and happiness in the coming year. To me, this is Spring Festival—the joy of a family gathering. 当每个人都到家时，我们的房子充满活动和各种声响。我们的孙辈一边跑一边喊，一边玩，大人们围在桌子旁谈论过去的一年。厨房里也很有趣，因为正在包饺子。在这段时间里，我们通常是吃饺子，因为它在这个场合有一些特别的意味——它是我们期望来年健康和幸福的标志。对我来说，家庭团聚的快乐——就是春节。 Throughout history, some of the original customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival—the spirit of family—has largely been kept. Most of the important Spring Festival traditions are still being practised by people across the country. 纵观历史，一些原始习俗已经改变了，但是春节的精神——家庭精神——在很大程度上得到了保留，全国各地的人们仍在践行着大部分重要的春节传统。 二 . 课文讲解及知识点： 1. Spring Festival is an important tradition in China. 主语：Spring Festival 系动词：is 表语：an important tradition 地点状语：in China 知识点：简单句，陈述事实 短语：an important tradition（一个重要传统） 拓展短语：a cultural tradition（文化传统），a historical tradition（历史传统） 2. It has unique meanings. 主语：It（指代Spring Festival） 谓语：has 宾语：unique meanings 知识点：简单句，说明特性 短语：unique meanings（独特的意义） 拓展短语：deep meanings（深刻的意义），special connotations（特殊的含义） 3. However, people may understand it differently, including those from other cultures. 转折连词：However 主语：people 谓语：may understand 宾语：it 状语：differently 包括状语：including those from other cultures 知识点：复合句，包含转折关系和包含关系 短语：understand it differently（有不同的理解） 拓展短语：cultural interpretations（文化解读），intercultural understanding（跨文化理解） 4. Here are three readers’ accounts to our magazine, who shared their experiences and views about it. 主语：Here 谓语：are 宾语：three readers’ accounts 定语：to our magazine 定语从句：who shared their experiences and views about it 知识点：复合句，包含定语从句 短语：three readers’ accounts（三位读者的叙述） 拓展短语：personal accounts（个人叙述），shared experiences（共享的经历） 5. Tom Jenkins a 16-year-old exchange student living in Nanjing 名词：Tom Jenkins 同位语：a 16-year-old exchange student 定语：living in Nanjing 知识点：名词短语，包含同位语和定语 短语：a 16-year-old exchange student（一个16岁的交换生） 拓展短语：foreign exchange student（外国交换生），studying abroad（出国留学） 6. It was my first time spending Spring Festival in China with my host family. 主语：It 系动词：was 表语：my first time 定语：spending Spring Festival in China with my host family 知识点：简单句，使用“It was the first time + doing”结构 短语：spending Spring Festival（过春节） 拓展短语：celebrating the holiday（庆祝节日），host family experience（寄宿家庭体验） 7. Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family. 主语：Spring Festival 谓语：is valued 状语：highly 施动者：by every Chinese family 知识点：简单句，使用被动语态 短语：highly valued（非常重视） 拓展短语：cultural significance（文化意义），family traditions（家庭传统） 8. Preparations began a week before the festival. 主语：Preparations 谓语：began 时间状语：a week before the festival 知识点：简单句，陈述事实 短语：began a week before（提前一周开始） 拓展短语：prior planning（提前计划），festival preparations（节日准备） 9. First, the house was cleaned from top to bottom. 状语：First 主语：the house 谓语：was cleaned 状语：from top to bottom 知识点：被动语态 短语：from top to bottom（从头到尾，彻底地） 拓展短语：thoroughly cleaned（彻底打扫），completely cleaned（完全打扫） 10. My host mother Mrs Chen said this was to sweep away the dirt of the past year and get ready for the new year. 主语：My host mother Mrs Chen 谓语：said 宾语从句：this was to sweep away the dirt of the past year and get ready for the new year 主语：this 系动词：was 表语：to sweep away the dirt of the past year and get ready for the new year 目的状语：to sweep away the dirt of the past year（扫去去年的灰尘） 并列目的状语：and get ready for the new year（并为新年做准备） 知识点：宾语从句，并列结构 短语：sweep away（扫去），get ready for（为……做准备） 拓展短语：clear away（清除），prepare for（准备） 11. Next, the Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our front door. 状语：Next 主语：the Chinese character Fu 谓语：was attached 状语：upside down 介词短语：to our front door 知识点：被动语态，介词短语作状语 短语：upside down（倒着） 拓展短语：backwards（向后），in reverse（颠倒） 12. It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives. 主语：It 谓语：is believed 宾语从句：that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives 时间状语从句：when Fu is put upside down 主语：Fu 谓语：is put 状语：upside down 主句：happiness arrives 主语：happiness 谓语：arrives 知识点：宾语从句，时间状语从句 短语：happiness arrives（幸福到来） 拓展短语：joy comes（欢乐来临），good luck arrives（好运到来） 13. The character looked really cool. 主语：The character 谓语：looked 表语：really cool 知识点：系表结构 短语：really cool（真的很酷） 拓展短语：very stylish（非常时尚），extremely attractive（极具吸引力） 14. The greatest excitement began the night before Spring Festival. 主语：The greatest excitement 谓语：began 时间状语：the night before Spring Festival 知识点：简单句 短语：the greatest excitement（最大的兴奋） 拓展短语：the most thrilling moment（最激动人心的时刻），the peak of excitement（兴奋的高峰） 15. Fireworks were being let off across the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky. 主语：Fireworks 谓语：were being let off 地点状语：across the city 状语：suddenly lighting up the night sky 状语：suddenly 谓语：lighting up 宾语：the night sky 知识点：进行时态，现在分词作状语 短语：light up（照亮） 拓展短语：illuminate（照明），brighten up（使……明亮） 16. Children were covering their ears but with an expectant look on their faces. 主语：Children 谓语：were covering 宾语：their ears 状语：but with an expectant look on their faces 介词：with 宾语：an expectant look 地点状语：on their faces 知识点：并列结构，介词短语作状语 短语：cover their ears（捂住耳朵） 拓展短语：plug their ears（塞住耳朵），hold their ears（用手捂住耳朵） 17. Mrs Chen said that it was to scare away the monster Nian. 主语：Mrs Chen 谓语：said 宾语从句：that it was to scare away the monster Nian 主语：it 系动词：was 表语：to scare away the monster Nian 目的状语：to scare away 宾语：the monster Nian 知识点：宾语从句 短语：scare away（吓跑） 拓展短语：frighten off（吓走），drive away（赶走） 18. The fireworks were a lot of fun! 主语：The fireworks 系动词：were 表语：a lot of fun 知识点：系表结构 短语：a lot of fun（很有趣） 拓展短语：very enjoyable（非常令人愉快），extremely amusing（极其有趣） 19. We then sat together to enjoy a big dinner, wishing everyone a happy new year. 主语：We 谓语：sat 状语：together 目的状语：to enjoy a big dinner 状语：wishing everyone a happy new year 谓语：wishing 宾语：everyone 宾语补足语：a happy new year 知识点：并列结构，现在分词作状语 短语：enjoy a big dinner（享受一顿大餐） 拓展短语：have a feast（享用盛宴），share a meal（共享一顿饭） 20. I usually start planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival, as train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible. 主语：I 谓语：start planning 宾语：my trip home to Shanxi 时间状语：weeks before Spring Festival 原因状语：as train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible 主语：train tickets or flights 谓语：have to be booked 时间状语：as early as possible 知识点：时间状语从句，原因状语从句 短语：plan a trip（计划旅行），weeks before（前几周），as early as possible（尽早） 拓展短语：plan ahead（提前计划），book tickets（订票），in advance（提前） 21. I take great care in choosing gifts for my parents. 主语：I 谓语：take 宾语：great care 状语：in choosing gifts for my parents 动名词：choosing 宾语：gifts 目的状语：for my parents 知识点：介词短语作状语 短语：take great care（非常小心），choose gifts（选择礼物） 拓展短语：select presents（挑选礼物），be cautious（小心谨慎） 22. This year, I bought a bottle of wine for my father and a beautiful sweater for my mother. 时间状语：This year 主语：I 谓语：bought 宾语：a bottle of wine for my father and a beautiful sweater for my mother 并列宾语：a bottle of wine，a beautiful sweater 目的状语：for my father，for my mother 知识点：并列结构 短语：a bottle of wine（一瓶酒），a beautiful sweater（一件漂亮的毛衣） 拓展短语：a gift for sb.（给某人的礼物），a present for sb.（送给某人的礼物） 23. Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents—I know that I am heading home to my family. 时间状语：Every year 时间状语从句：the moment I get on the train 主语：I 谓语：get on 宾语：the train 主句：I am surrounded by Shanxi accents 主语：I 谓语：am surrounded 状语：by Shanxi accents 插入语：—I know that I am heading home to my family 主语：I 谓语：know 宾语从句：that I am heading home to my family 主语：I 谓语：am heading 状语：home to my family 知识点：时间状语从句，插入语，宾语从句 短语：get on the train（上火车），be surrounded by（被……包围），head home（回家） 拓展短语：be enveloped by（被……环绕），return home（回家），go back home（回家） 24. I don’t get to travel back to Shanxi very often, so when I get home, my parents will fill me in on what’s been happening. 主句：I don’t get to travel back to Shanxi very often 主语：I 谓语：don’t get to travel 状语：back to Shanxi，very often 结果状语从句：so when I get home, my parents will fill me in on what’s been happening 时间状语从句：when I get home 主语：I 谓语：get 状语：home 主句：my parents will fill me in on what’s been happening 主语：my parents 谓语：will fill 宾语：me 宾语补足语：in on what’s been happening 宾语从句：what’s been happening 主语：what 谓语：has been happening 知识点：结果状语从句，时间状语从句，宾语从句 短语：travel back（返回），fill sb. in on sth.（向某人提供有关某事的最新信息） 拓展短语：inform sb. of sth.（通知某人某事），update sb. on sth.（向某人更新某事的信息） 25. It’s great to hear what everyone’s been up to. 主语：It 谓语：is 表语：great 状语：to hear what everyone’s been up to 动词不定式：to hear 宾语从句：what everyone’s been up to 主语：what 谓语：has been up to 知识点：动词不定式作状语，宾语从句 短语：be up to（忙于，从事于） 拓展短语：be engaged in（忙于），be occupied with（忙于） 26. We usually have hotpot—it’s so tasty! 主语：We 谓语：have 宾语：hotpot 插入语：—it’s so tasty! 主语：it 谓语：is 表语：so tasty 知识点：插入语 短语：have hotpot（吃火锅） 拓展短语：enjoy hotpot（享受火锅），have a hotpot dinner（吃火锅晚餐） 27. However, what we eat isn’t the most important thing. What’s important is who we eat it with. 转折状语：However 主句：what we eat isn’t the most important thing 主语：what we eat 谓语：isn’t 表语：the most important thing 并列句：What’s important is who we eat it with 主语：What’s important 谓语：is 表语从句：who we eat it with 宾语：who 谓语：eat 宾语：it 状语：with 知识点：表语从句，并列句 短语：the most important thing（最重要的事情），eat with sb.（和某人一起吃饭） 拓展短语：the top priority（首要任务），dine with sb.（和某人共进晚餐） 28. It’s a wonderful thing to be back together with my family and talk of old times. 主语：It 谓语：is 表语：a wonderful thing 状语：to be back together with my family and talk of old times 动词不定式：to be，to talk 状语：back together with my family 并列动词不定式：and talk of old times 知识点：动词不定式作状语，并列结构 短语：be back together（重聚），talk of old times（谈论往事） 拓展短语：reunite with sb.（与某人重聚），recall old memories（回忆往事） 29. When I was a kid, Spring Festival was all about firecrackers, sweets and decorations. As I get older, coming home and being with my entire family is the most important part of it. 时间状语从句：When I was a kid 主语：I 谓语：was 表语：a kid 主句：Spring Festival was all about firecrackers, sweets and decorations 主语：Spring Festival 谓语：was 表语：all about firecrackers, sweets and decorations 时间状语从句：As I get older 主语：I 谓语：get 表语：older 主句：coming home and being with my entire family is the most important part of it 主语：coming home and being with my entire family 并列动词短语：coming home，being with my entire family 谓语：is 表语：the most important part of it 知识点：时间状语从句，并列结构，表语从句 短语：be all about（全是关于），come home（回家），be with sb.（和某人在一起） 拓展短语：concern sth.（关于某事），return home（回家），stay with sb.（和某人待在一起） 30. Li Yan, a 70-year-old grandmother from Heilongjiang 主语：Li Yan 同位语：a 70-year-old grandmother 定语：from Heilongjiang 知识点和短语： 同位语结构：用于进一步解释或说明主语。 地点定语：用于描述主语所在的地点。 拓展短语： a talented artist from Paris：一位来自巴黎的才华横溢的艺术家。 a beautiful city in China：中国的一座美丽城市。 31. Spring Festival is family time for us. 主语：Spring Festival 谓语：is 表语：family time 状语：for us 知识点和短语： 节日名词：表示特定的节日。 抽象名词作表语：表示节日的性质或意义。 拓展短语： Christmas is a joyful time for many.：对许多人来说，圣诞节是一个快乐的时光。 Summer vacation is a relaxing period for students.：对学生来说，暑假是一个放松的时期。 32. My husband and I are both retired. 主语：My husband and I 谓语：are 表语：both retired 知识点和短语： 并列主语：由“and”连接的两个主语。 形容词作表语：描述主语的状态。 拓展短语： They are both talented musicians.：他们都是才华横溢的音乐家。 My parents are both kind and generous.：我的父母既善良又慷慨。 33. We do not see our children and grandchildren very often and we miss them a lot. 主语：We 谓语：do not see 宾语：our children and grandchildren 状语：very often 谓语：miss 宾语：them 状语：a lot 知识点和短语： 否定表达：使用“do not”表示否定。 频率状语：表示动作发生的频率。 程度状语：表示情感或动作的程度。 拓展短语： I don't eat fast food very often.：我不经常吃快餐。 She misses her hometown a lot.：她很想念她的家乡。 34. Weeks before Spring Festival, we start getting ready for their homecoming. 时间状语：Weeks before Spring Festival 主语：we 谓语：start 宾语：getting ready 目的状语：for their homecoming 知识点和短语： 时间状语：表示动作发生的时间。 动词短语“get ready for”：表示为某事做准备。 拓展短语： Get ready for the exam.：为考试做准备。 Weeks before the holiday.：假期前的几周。 35. Things start to get really busy. 主语：Things 谓语：start 宾语：to get 宾语补足语：really busy 知识点和短语： 主语“Things”表示情况或事物。 宾语补足语：用于进一步描述宾语的状态。 拓展短语： Things start to change.：事情开始发生变化。 Get really busy with work.：工作变得非常忙碌。 36. We think about what the children would like to eat, what we need to buy and what dishes need to be prepared. 主语：We 谓语：think 宾语：about 宾语从句：what the children would like to eat, what we need to buy and what dishes need to be prepared 知识点和短语： 宾语从句：作为宾语的从句。 并列结构：由“and”连接的多个并列成分。 拓展短语： Think about what to do.：考虑要做什么。 What food to eat.：吃什么食物。 37. Our house buzzes with activities when everyone comes home. 主语：Our house 谓语：buzzes 状语：with activities 时间状语：when everyone comes home 知识点和短语： “buzzes with”表示“充满活力”。 时间状语从句：表示动作发生的时间背景。 拓展短语： The room buzzes with energy.：房间充满了活力。 When he arrives.：当他到达时。 38. Our grandchildren run around shouting and playing, and the adults gather around the table to talk about the past year. 主语：Our grandchildren 谓语：run 状语：around 伴随状语：shouting and playing 并列句：and the adults gather around the table 目的状语：to talk about the past year 知识点和短语： 并列结构：由“and”连接的两个并列句子。 伴随状语：表示与主要动作同时发生的次要动作。 目的状语：表示动作的目的。 拓展短语： Children play and laugh.：孩子们玩耍和欢笑。 Gather around the fire to talk.：围坐在火堆旁聊天。 39. Great fun is also enjoyed in the kitchen as jiaozi are being made. 主语：Great fun 谓语：is enjoyed 状语：also in the kitchen 时间状语从句：as jiaozi are being made 知识点和短语： 抽象名词作主语：表示一种抽象的概念或体验。 时间状语从句：表示与主要动作同时发生的时间背景。 拓展短语： Have fun in the park.：在公园里玩得开心。 As the sun rises.：当太阳升起时。 40. We always have jiaozi during this time, as they mean something special on this occasion—they are a sign of our wishes for health and happiness in the coming year. 主语：We 谓语：have 宾语：jiaozi 时间状语：during this time 原因状语从句：as they mean something special on this occasion 同位语从句：they are a sign of our wishes for health and happiness in the coming year 知识点和短语： 时间状语：表示动作发生的时间。 原因状语从句：表示动作发生的原因。 同位语从句：对前面的名词进行进一步解释或说明。 拓展短语： Have dumplings for dinner.：晚饭吃饺子。 A symbol of peace.：和平的象征。 41. To me, this is Spring Festival—the joy of a family gathering. 状语：To me 主语：this 谓语：is 表语：Spring Festival 同位语：the joy of a family gathering 知识点和短语： 同位语结构：用于进一步解释或说明主语。 抽象名词作表语：表示主语的性质或意义。 拓展短语： To him, it's a dream come true.：对他来说，这是梦想成真。 The happiness of success.：成功的幸福。 42. Throughout history, some of the original customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival—the spirit of family—has largely been kept. 时间状语：Throughout history 主语：some of the original customs 谓语：have changed 并列连词：but 主语：the spirit of the festival—the spirit of family 谓语：has largely been kept 知识点和短语： “Throughout history”表示“贯穿历史”，用于描述长期的历史变迁。 “some of”表示“一些”，用于指代部分数量。 “original customs”指“原有的习俗”，强调习俗的原始性或传统性。 “have changed”是现在完成时，表示从过去到现在已经发生的改变。 “but”作为并列连词，用于连接两个对比的句子或句子成分。 “the spirit of”表示“...的精神”，常用于描述某种抽象概念或价值观。 “largely been kept”表示“在很大程度上得以保持”，强调某种状态或特征的持续存在。 拓展短语： “Throughout my life”表示“在我的一生中”。 “Some of my books are missing”表示“我的一些书不见了”。 “Original paintings are very valuable”表示“原创画作非常有价值”。 “The city has changed a lot”表示“这座城市变化很大”。 “He is rich, but unhappy”表示“他很富有，但不快乐”。 “The spirit of adventure”表示“冒险精神”。 “His enthusiasm has been kept”表示“他的热情得以保持”。 43. Most of the important Spring Festival traditions are still being practised by people across the country. 主语：Most of the important Spring Festival traditions 谓语：are still being practised 状语：by people across the country 知识点和短语： “Most of”表示“大多数”，用于指代大部分数量。 “Spring Festival traditions”指“春节的传统习俗”。 “are still being practised”是现在进行时的被动语态，表示某种行为或活动现在仍在进行中，且是由他人执行的。 “by people across the country”表示“在全国各地的人们”，强调广泛的参与或实践。 拓展短语： “Most of the students are here”表示“大多数学生都在这里”。 “Chinese traditions are rich and diverse”表示“中国的传统丰富多彩”。 “The project is being implemented”表示“这个项目正在实施中”。 “The book is being read by many people”表示“这本书正在被很多人阅读”。 “Support from people around the world”表示“来自世界各地人们的支持”。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$