内容正文:
2025届高考英语语法填空分类通关练(高考真题+名校模拟+外刊原创)
专题20航空航天主题语法填空20篇 原卷版
(航天员桂海潮+太空旅游+空间站培育水稻幼苗+国际月球研究站+太空电梯)
真题专区:练真题,明方向;抓题眼,提能力;补漏洞;上台阶
【2020新课标I卷】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61
(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)”. Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
61. touched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest 65. than 66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed 69. much 70. Its
【导读】这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家,文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。
61. touched。句意:无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语,根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时,故填touched。
62. extremely。句意:登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging,应使用extreme的副词形式,故填extremely。
63. where。句意:中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点,人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是a spot,关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导。故填where。
64. interest。句意:月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知,空处应填名词,interest是不可数名词,be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
65. than。句意:因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知,此处填介词than,表示“比……更”。故填than。
66. to find。句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
67. means。句意:“这真的使科学家们激动,”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说:“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知,此处也使用一般现在时,主语是it,所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means,故填means。
68. is constructed。句意同上。分析句子可知,此处是宾语从句谓语动词,谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时,主语the moon是单数,故填is constructed。
69. much。句意:关于月亮构成的数据,比如它含有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词,应使用much修饰,故填much。
70. its。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。
模拟专区:练模拟,提速度;抓题眼,找线索;善纠错;提分数
【航空航天01】(24-25高三上·江西·开学考试)Sitting inside the Shenzhou XVI spacecraft, Gui Haichao, the first Chinese civilian on a spaceflight, together with the other two astronauts, 1 (launch) by a 20-story-tall Long March 2F carrier rocket, 2 took off at 9:31 am on May 30, 2023 at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
Born in 1986, Gui’s 3 (enthusiastic) for science has been developing since childhood. He had a set of encyclopedias (百科全书) from which he gained a lot of basic space knowledge. Years later, Gui Haichao attended Beihang University, 4 (major) in spacecraft design and engineering.
Gui then pursued postdoctoral research overseas and published about 20 SCI academic papers in top international journals. After returning to China, he received Beihang’s invitation to teach 5 an associate professor.
In the spring of 2018, Gui was told that China’s manned space authorities had made a decision 6 (select) the third group of astronauts, including the first spaceflight engineers and science payloads specialists. “I have been 7 fan of space exploration for many years and sometimes dreamed about doing my research in space. So excited was I on hearing this news 8 I signed up without much thought. Eventually I was 9 (successful) admitted following several demanding rounds of 10 (profession) tests,” he recalled.
【答案】
1.was launched 2.which 3.enthusiasm 4.majoring 5.as 6.to select 7.a 8.that 9.successfully 10.professional
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国航天员队伍的新成员——桂海潮。
1.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:2023年5月30日上午9点31分,在酒泉卫星发射中心,一枚20层楼高的长征2F运载火箭发射了神舟十六号飞船,中国首位平民桂海潮和另外两名宇航员坐在飞船内。分析句子可知,空处在句子中作谓语,句子为一般过去时,主语为Gui Haichao,主语与launch之间为被动关系。故填was launched。
2.考查定语从句。句意:2023年5月30日上午9点31分,在酒泉卫星发射中心,一枚20层楼高的长征2F运载火箭发射了神舟十六号飞船,中国首位平民桂海潮和另外两名宇航员坐在飞船内。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a 20-story-tall Long March 2F carrier rocket,先行词为物,且在从句中作主语。故填which。
3.考查名词。句意:1986年出生的他,从小就对科学充满热情。分析句子可知,空处应为名词enthusiasm,作本句主语,不可数。故填enthusiasm。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:多年后,桂海超进入北京航空航天大学,主修航天器设计与工程。分析句子可知,空处为非谓语动词作伴随状语,且主语Gui Haichao与major之间为主动关系,故用现在分词。故填majoring。
5.考查介词。句意:回国后,他受到北京航空航天大学的邀请,担任副教授。后跟名词作宾语,表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意:2018年春天,桂被告知,中国载人航天当局已决定选择第三批宇航员,包括首批航天工程师和科学有效载荷专家。make a decision to do sth.为固定搭配,表示“下定决心做某事”。故填to select。
7.考查冠词。句意:多年来,我一直是太空探索的粉丝,有时梦想着在太空中进行研究。根据句意可知,此处表示“是……的一个粉丝”,表泛指,且fan是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
8.考查状语从句。句意:听到这个消息,我很兴奋,想都没想就报名了。表示“如此……以至于……”此处应为so…that...引导的结果状语从句。故填that。
9.考查副词。句意:经过几轮严格的专业测试,我最终被录取了。分析句子可知,空处修饰后面的动词admitted,应用副词successfully。故填successfully。
10.考查形容词。句意:经过几轮严格的专业测试,我最终被录取了。分析句子可知,空处为形容词professional,修饰空后的名词tests,表示“专业的测试”。故填professional。
【航空航天02】(2024·宁夏银川·二模)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Space tourism is fast becoming a reality, thanks to pioneers like Jeff Bezos and Richard Branson who have ventured to the edge of space, making it 11 (access) to individuals. The era of space vacations is on the horizon, 12 (offer) multi-day escapes that rival traditional getaways.
A space hotel will have been opened 13 2027 by Orbital Assembly Corporation (OAC). Voyager Station, the world’s first luxury space resort, 14 (accommodate) 280 guests and 112 crew members with complete facilities, providing an unparalleled space experience in the near future.
15 space tourism may seem novel, it dates back hundreds or thousands of years, with Voyager Stations design inspired by the concept of a rotating wheel that generates artificial gravity. 16 (initial), the station will offer lunar-level gravity, like Earth’s gravity. This unique lunar environment 17 (promise) exciting possibilities for individuals with disabilities and the able-bodied.
Guests will embark on their celestial journey, arriving at a central, zero-gravity docking hub (对接枢纽) before 18 (transport) to habitation modules(独立仓) not far away. It’s at the edge of the wheel 19 centrifugal (离心的) force will provide gravity for daily activities.
As technology advances and transportation costs decrease, the dream of space tourism could soon become 20 reality. The rapidly growing space commerce industry and competition among companies further support the possibility of this ambitious vision.
【答案】
11.accessible 12.offering 13.by 14.will accommodate 15.Though/Although/While 16.Initially 17.promises 18.being transported 19.that 20.a
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空旅游的发展情况。
11.考查形容词。句意:多亏了像杰夫·贝佐斯和理查德·布兰森这样的开拓者,太空旅游正迅速成为现实,他们已经冒险到了太空的边缘,使个人可以进入太空。此处为make it adj. to do sth.,形容词accessible作宾补。故填accessible。
12.考查非谓语动词。句意:太空度假的时代即将到来,提供的多天假期可以与传统度假相媲美。此处offer与The era of space vacations构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填offering。
13.考查介词。句意:到2027年,轨道装配公司(OAC)将开设一家太空酒店。表示“到……为止”应用by+时间,故填by。
14.考查时态。句意:旅行者空间站是世界上第一个豪华太空度假村,将容纳280名客人和112名机组人员,设施齐全,在不久的将来提供无与伦比的太空体验。根据后文in the near future可知为应用一般将来时。故填will accommodate。
15.考查状语从句。句意:虽然太空旅游看起来很新奇,但它可以追溯到几百年甚至几千年前,旅行者空间站的设计灵感来自于一个产生人工重力的旋转轮子的概念。引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然”应用though、although或while,首字母大写。故填Though/Although/While。
16.考查副词。句意:最初,空间站将提供月球级别的重力,就像地球引力一样。修饰后文句子应用副词initially,首字母大写。故填Initially。
17.考查时态。句意:这种独特的月球环境为残疾人和健全人提供了令人兴奋的可能性。陈述事实用一般现在时,主语为environment,谓语用三单形式。故填promises。
18.考查非谓语动词。句意:客人们将开始他们的太空之旅,到达一个中央的零重力对接中心,然后被运送到不远处的居住模块。作介词的宾语,应用动名词形式,且transport与Guests构成被动关系,故用being done形式。故填being transported。
19.考查强调句。句意:在轮子的边缘,离心力将为日常活动提供重力。此处为强调句:it is+被强调部分+that/who+其他,被强调部分为at the edge of the wheel,应用that。故填that。
20.考查冠词。句意:随着技术的进步和运输成本的降低,太空旅游的梦想可能很快就会成为现实。短语become a reality表示“成为现实”。故填a。
【航空航天03】(2024·河南·三模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡上。
China recently shared exciting news about its space exploration efforts, and revealed the names of its manned lunar lander and a new crew spaceship. This development marks 21 important step in the nation’s efforts 22 (explore) outer space. The lunar lander is named Lanyue, 23 means “embracing (拥抱) the moon”. This choice reflects the dream and confidence of the Chinese people in their space exploration efforts.
The crew spaceship has been named Mengzhou, or Dream Vessel, 24 (indicate) its role in realizing the dream of landing on the moon and exploring newfrontier s in space. Mengzhou will have two versions: one for exploring the moon and the other for trips between Earth 25 the Tiangong space station, and the latter takes over the duties from the current Shenzhou spaceship.
These names, Lanyue and Mengzhou, were selected 26 (careful) from nearly 2,000 suggestions by the public to show the wide 27 (participate) and interest of the Chinese people 28 their country’s space missions. China plans to send its first manned mission to the moon around 2030. The Lanyue lander is designed with a landing and propulsion (推进) section to carry two astronauts to the moon. The Mengzhou spacecraft, designed for space travel, 29 (include) a reentry module for the astronauts and a service module 30 (equip) with power and propulsion systems.
【答案】
21.an 22.to explore 23.which 24.indicating 25.and 26.carefully 27.participation 28.in 29.includes 30.equipped
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国最近分享了关于其太空探索努力的令人兴奋的消息,并公布了其载人月球着陆器和新型载人飞船的名称。这一进展标志着我国对外太空探索迈出了重要一步。月球着陆器被命名为“揽月”,意思是“拥抱月亮”。这一选择体现了中国人民对太空探索的梦想和信心。
21.考查冠词。句意:这一进展标志着我国对外太空探索迈出了重要一步。根据句意以及空后step为单数名词可知,此处为表示泛指“重要一步”,结合important为首音节元音单词,所以为不定冠词an的填入。故填an。
22.考查动词不定式。句意:这一进展标志着我国对外太空探索迈出了重要一步。此处为动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰efforts,effort to do“做出……的努力”为惯用表达。故填to explore。
23.考查定语从句。句意:月球着陆器被命名为“揽月”,意思是“拥抱月亮”。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Lanyue,指物,且关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。
24.考查非谓语动词。句意:这艘载人飞船被命名为“梦舟号”,表明它在实现登月梦想和探索太空新领域中的作用。此处为非谓语动词作状语,indicate和逻辑主语The crew spaceship为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式。故填indicating。
25.考查连词。句意:“梦舟”将有两个版本:一个用于月球探测,另一个用于地球和天宫空间站之间的旅行,后者将接替目前的“神舟”飞船的任务。根据句意可知,此处为固定短语between…and…“在……之间”,所以此处为连词and的填入。故填and。
26.考查副词。句意:“揽月”和“梦舟”这两个名字是从公众提出的近2000个建议中精心挑选出来的,以显示中国人民对其国家航天任务的广泛参与和兴趣。由副词修饰动词可知,此处为副词carefully修饰动词were selected。故填carefully。
27.考查名词。句意:“揽月”和“梦舟”这两个名字是从公众提出的近2000个建议中精心挑选出来的,以显示中国人民对其国家航天任务的广泛参与和兴趣。由and连接的interest为名词可知,此处也应为名词形式,同时被空前形容词wide所修饰,participation为不可数名词。故填participation。
28.考查介词。句意:“揽月”和“梦舟”这两个名字是从公众提出的近2000个建议中精心挑选出来的,以显示中国人民对其国家航天任务的广泛参与和兴趣。此处为固定短语in space missions“在太空任务中”,所以此处为介词in的填入。故填in。
29.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:梦舟飞船是为太空旅行而设计的,包括一个供宇航员使用的返回舱和一个配备动力和推进系统的服务舱。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,根据上文时态可知,此处应为一般现在时,主语The Mengzhou spacecraft为单数名词,所以为动词三单形式。故填includes。
30.考查非谓语动词。句意:梦舟飞船是为太空旅行而设计的,包括一个供宇航员使用的返回舱和一个配备动力和推进系统的服务舱。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰service module,service module和equip为被动关系,所以为过去分词形式。故填equipped。
【航空航天04】(2024·安徽·二模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡上。
The launch of the Shenzhou XVII manned spaceship on Thursday was successful. The launch came just a few days after China celebrated the 20th anniversary of its first manned mission. On Oct.15, 2003, Yang Liwei, China’s space hero, 31 (realize) the country’s dream of accessing outer space.
In 32 interview with a major media outlet, Yang, currently deputy chief designer of China’s manned space program, said all Chinese astronauts 33 (choose) for the manned missions to the moon must have the experience of traveling to the Tiangong space station. This is an important criterion for the selection of “moon walkers”. The Shenzhou XVII mission can therefore be described 34 an important stage of the preparation for China’s manned lunar mission.
The Shenzhou XVII mission and its crew have many firsts. The crew is 35 (young) than that of any other China’s manned mission. It is also the first to have a 36 (combine) of second-batch and third-batch astronauts. Tang Hongbo, a veteran astronaut 37 completed his first spaceflight about two years ago, 38 (appoint) to be the first space traveler to revisit China’s Tiangong space station last month.
The Shenzhou XVII crew is very young. Astronauts Jiang Xinlin and Tang Shengjie are two of China’s third-generation astronauts, and were born in 1988 and 1989 39 (respective). As they are on their first space mission at such a young age, they will get plenty of opportunities 40 (join) more space missions.
【答案】
31.realized 32.an 33.chosen 34.as 35.younger 36.combination 37.who/that 38.was appointed 39.respectively 40.to join
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。 文章讲述了中国神舟十七载人飞船成功发射, 为推进中国航天事业的发展做出了巨大的贡献。
31.考查时态。句意:2003年10月15日,中国太空英雄杨利伟实现了中国进入外太空的梦想。设空处作谓语,根据时间状语On Oct. 15, 2003可知为一般过去时。故填realized。
32.考查冠词。句意:杨目前是中国载人航天工程的副总设计师,他在接受一家主要媒体采访时表示,所有被选中执行载人登月任务的中国宇航员都必须有前往天宫空间站的经历。interview“采访”为可数名词,此处为泛指,且interview是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
33.考查非谓语动词。句意:杨目前是中国载人航天工程的副总设计师,他在接受一家主要媒体采访时表示,所有被选中执行载人登月任务的中国宇航员都必须有前往天宫空间站的经历。设空处为非谓语动词,动词choose与astronauts构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。故填chosen。
34.考查介词。句意:因此,神舟十七号任务可以被描述为中国载人登月任务准备的一个重要阶段。短语be described as表示“被描述为”。故填as。
35.考查比较级。句意:此次载人航天任务的机组人员比中国以往任何一次载人航天任务都要年轻。根据后文than that of any other China’s manned mission可知为形容词 young比较级,作表语。故填younger。
36.考查名词。句意:这也是第一次将第二批和第三批宇航员结合起来。根据上文不定冠词,可知应用单数名词combination,作have宾语,故填combination。
37.考查定语从句。句意:唐洪波是一名经验丰富的宇航员,大约两年前完成了他的第一次太空飞行。上个月,唐洪波被任命为首位重返中国天宫空间站的太空旅行者。定语从句修饰先行词astronaut,在从句作主语,指人。故填who/that。
38.考查时态语态。句意:唐洪波是一名经验丰富的宇航员,大约两年前完成了他的第一次太空飞行。上个月,唐洪波被任命为首位重返中国天宫空间站的太空旅行者。主语Tang Hongbo与谓语动词appoint构成被动关系,根据后文last month可知为一般过去时的被动语态,谓语用单数。故填was appointed。
39.考查副词。句意:神舟十七号机组人员非常年轻。航天员蒋新林和唐生杰分别出生于1988年和1989年,是中国第三代航天员。修饰动词短语应用副词respectively。故填respectively。
40.考查非谓语动词。句意:由于他们在这么年轻的时候就开始了第一次太空任务,他们将有很多机会参加更多的太空任务。名词opportunity后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to join。
【航空航天05】(2024·福建泉州·二模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Space Station Rice Tests Show Promise
Chinese astronauts have successfully grown rice seedlings (幼苗) onboard the Tiangong space station.
There have been other rice 41 (experiment) in space. But the one being conducted on Tiangong is the first of 42 (it) kind that aims to produce the complete life cycle of the plant, which begins with a seed and ends with 43 mature plant producing new seeds.
China launched the Wentian space laboratory into orbit on July 24. The space lab, which weighs 23 metric tons and is 17.9 meters tall, is the country’s 44 (large) spacecraft to date. Onboard 45 (be) eight experimental payloads, including the one for the rice experiment.
“We want to investigate how microgravity affects the plant flowering time on the molecular (分子的) level 46 whether it is possible to use the microgravity environment 47 (control) the related process,” said Zheng Huiqiong, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Flowering is a 48 (vital) important stage for plant reproductive development.
“If we want to land on and explore Mars, food 49 (bring) from Earth is not enough for the astronauts’ long journey and mission in space. We have to find a sustainable food source 50 long-term space explorations,” Zheng said.
【答案】
41.experiments 42.its 43.a 44.largest 45.are 46.and 47.to control 48.vitally 49.brought 50.for
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述中国宇航员在天宫空间站成功培育出水稻幼苗。
41.考查名词的数。句意:在太空中还进行过其他大米实验。设空处为主语,应用名词形式,experiment为可数名词,这里应用复数,故填experiments。
42.考查代词。句意:但在天宫上进行的这项研究是第一次以培育植物的完整生命周期为目标,从种子开始,到产生新种子的成熟植物结束。设空处修饰名词,应用形容词性物主代词,故填its。
43.考查冠词。句意:但在天宫上进行的这项研究是第一次以培育植物的完整生命周期为目标,从种子开始,到产生新种子的成熟植物结束。设空处修饰名词表泛指,应用不定冠词,设空后mature以辅音音素开头,故填a。
44.考查形容词最高级。句意:太空实验室重23吨,高17.9米,是我国迄今为止最大的航天器。设空处修饰名词作定语,并且根据句意可知是迄今为止最大的,应用形容词最高级,故填largest。
45.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:飞船上有8个实验载荷,其中一个用于水稻实验。分析可知,设空处为谓语,描述客观事实,用一般现在时,本句为倒装句,主语是eight experimental payloads,谓语用复数形式,故填are。
46.考查连词。句意:国科学院研究员郑慧琼表示:“我们想研究微重力如何在分子水平上影响植物开花时间,以及是否有可能利用微重力环境来控制相关过程。” 分析可知,how microgravity affects the plant flowering time on the molecular(分子的) level和whether it is possible to use the microgravity environment 7 (control) the related process并列作宾语,应用and连接,故填and。
47.考查不定式。句意:国科学院研究员郑慧琼表示:“我们想研究微重力如何在分子水平上影响植物开花时间,以及是否有可能利用微重力环境来控制相关过程。” 分析可知,设空处是非谓语动词,表目的,应用不定式,故填to control。
48.考查副词。句意:开花是植物生殖发育的重要阶段。设空处修饰形容词作状语,应用副词,故填vitally。
49.考查过去分词。句意:如果我们想登陆火星并探索火星,从地球带来的食物对于宇航员的长途太空旅行和太空任务来说是不够的。设空处修饰名词food作定语,和名词之间是被动关系,应用过去分词,故填brought。
50.考查介词。句意:我们必须为长期的太空探索找到一种可持续的食物来源。分析可知,设空处为介词,后接名词,意为“为,为了”,故填for。
【航空航天06】(2024·安徽六安·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China launched a three-member crew to its orbiting space station on Thursday as part of its 51 (ambition) program that aims to put astronauts on the moon by 2030.
The mission 52 (lead) by Ye Guangfu, a fighter pilot and astronaut who was 53 (previous) part of the Shenzhou-13 crew in 2021. He is joined by astronauts Li Cong and Li Guangsu, 54 are heading into space for the first time.
55 three will spend about six months on the space station. They 56 (conduct) scientific tests, install space debris protection 57 (equip) on the station, carry out payload experiments, and popularize science education, among other things, according to Lin Xiqiang, deputy director of the CMSA.Lin also said China was working toward eventually offering access 58 its space station to foreign astronauts and space tourists.
The country is planning a mission 59 (bring) back samples from Mars around 2030 and three lunar probe missions over the next four years. It also wants to put astronauts on the moon by 2030.
China conducted its first crewed space mission in 2003, 60 (become) the third country after the former Soviet Union and the U. S. to put a person into space using its own resources.
【答案】
51.ambitious 52.is led 53.previously 54.who 55.The 56.will conduct 57.equipment 58.to 59.to bring 60.becoming
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国近期将三名宇航员送往空间站的最新进展,以及中国雄心勃勃的太空计划。
51.考查形容词。句意:周四,中国向其轨道空间站发射了一个三人机组,这是其雄心勃勃的计划的一部分,该计划旨在到 2030 年将宇航员送上月球。修饰名词program应用形容词,故填ambitious。
52.考查被动语态。句意:这次任务由叶光富领导,他是一名战斗机飞行员和宇航员,曾在 2021 年参与神舟十三号机组。mission与lead之间是被动关系,且句子描述的是现在的情况,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,故填 is led。
53.考查副词。句意:同上。修饰动词短语was part of,应用副词,故填previously。
54.考查定语从句。句意:他与宇航员李聪和李广苏一起,他们都是首次进入太空。分析句子结构,这是一个包含定语从句的复合句,先行词是astronauts Li Cong and Li Guangsu,因先行词在定语从句中作主语指人,所以用关系代词who 引导,故填who。
55.考查冠词。句意:这三人将在空间站上度过大约六个月。这里特指上文提到的这三名宇航员,表示特指含义,所以用定冠词the,故填The。
56.考查时态。句意:他们将进行科学测试、在空间站安装空间碎片防护设备、进行有效载荷实验以及开展科学教育等活动,据中国载人航天工程办公室副主任林西强介绍。根据上文“three will spend about six months on the space station(这三人将在空间站上度过大约六个月)”可知,这里表示未来将要发生的动作,所以用一般将来时,故填will conduct。
57.考查名词。句意:同上。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作宾语,使用名词,故填equipment。
58.考查介词。句意:林西强还表示,中国正在努力最终向外国宇航员和太空游客开放其空间站。offer access to“提供进入……的机会”,是固定搭配,故填to。
59.考查非谓语动词。句意:该国计划在 2030 年左右执行一项从火星带回样本的任务,并在未来四年内执行三次月球探测任务。因空白处表示的是一个指向将来的不确定的动作,此处用动词不定式作后置定语,修饰mission,故填to bring。
60.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国在 2003 年进行了首次载人航天任务,成为继前苏联和美国之后第三个利用自身资源将人送入太空的国家。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作状语,使用非谓语动词,因空白处表示的是一个自然而然的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语,故填becoming。
【航空航天07】(2024·河北·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhou XVII crew conducted their second spacewalk outside the Tiangong space station on Saturday, 61 (complete) the first repair operation by Chinese astronauts, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
The agency said that mission commander Tang Hongbo and crew member Jiang Xinlin 62 (return) to the Wentian science module (舱) at 1:32 pm after floating for nearly eight hours outside the huge orbital station. The 63 (three) crew member Tang Shengjie, stayed inside Tiangong to provide support.
“With the 64 (cooperate) and assistance from ground controllers and the space station’s robotic arm, the team completed all their assigned tasks 65 (successful),” the agency said. It was the 15th spacewalk 66 (carry) out by Chinese astronauts. During the spacewalk, Tang Hongbo and Jiang Xinlin repaired damage to parts on the Tianhe core module’s solar wings that was caused by tiny space debris (碎片).
The Shenzhou XVII astronauts, 67 are the sixth crew to inhabit the Tiangong space station, arrived at the enormous flying outpost on Oct. 26, 2023 to take over from their peers (同行) in the Shenzhou XVI mission.
On Dec. 21, the crew performed their first spacewalk 68 finished a host of tasks including carrying out test repairs, too. They are scheduled 69 (wrap) up their spaceflight at the end of April and will hand over the Tiangong space station 70 the Shenzhou XVIII crew before returning to Earth.
【答案】
61.completing 62.returned 63.third 64.cooperation 65.successfully 66.carried 67.who 68.and 69.to wrap 70.to
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道,文章主要报道了神舟十七号航天员完成太空修复任务。
61.考查非谓语动词。句意:据中国载人航天局称,2024年3月2日,神舟17号宇航员在天宫空间站外进行了第二次太空行走,完成了中国宇航员的首次修复操作。句子谓语动词是conducted,空格处填入非谓语动词,动词complete和逻辑主语The Shenzhou XVII crew之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语,故填completing。
62.考查一般过去时。句意:该机构表示,任务指挥官汤洪波和机组成员江新林在巨大的轨道站外漂浮了近8个小时后,于下午1点32分返回了问天实验舱。结合句意及句中的said可知,句子是描述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时,故填returned。
63.考查序数词。句意:第三名机组人员唐胜杰留在天宫号内部提供支持。结合句意可知,此处指“第三个”,使用序数词,故填third。
64.考查名词。句意:“在地面控制人员和空间站机械臂的配合和协助下,该团队完成功成了所有分配的任务,”该机构说。空处和名词assistance并列,应填名词形式,作介词With的宾语,cooperation“合作”,不可数名词,故填cooperation。
65.考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰动词completed,应用副词形式,故填successfully。
66.考查非谓语动词。句意:这是中国宇航员进行的第15次太空行走。句子谓语动词是was,空格处填入非谓语动词,结合“by Chinese astronauts”可知,动词短语carry out和spacewalk之间是被动关系,此处应用过去分词作后置定语,故填carried。
67.考查定语从句。句意:10月26日,神舟17号的宇航员接替神舟16号的任务,他们是第6批居住在天宫空间站的宇航员,抵达这个巨大的飞行前哨。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是The Shenzhou XVII astronauts,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who引导,故填who。
68.考查连词。句意:12月21日,宇航员进行了首次太空行走,并完成了包括测试维修在内的一系列任务。结合句意可知,“performed their first spacewalk”和“finished a host of tasks”是并列关系,用并列连词and连接,故填and。
69.考查非谓语动词。句意:按计划,他们将在4月底结束太空飞行,并在返回地球之前将天宫空间站移交给神舟18号机组人员。be scheduled to do sth“被安排做某事”,故填to wrap。
70.考查介词。句意同上。hand over…to…“把……移交给……”,固定搭配,故填to。
【航空航天08】(2024·宁夏石嘴山·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian went to the United States for 71 (far) studies in 1935. Soon as a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology, he and his colleagues 72 (found) the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in the 1940s, now one of NASA’s leading space-exploration centres.
73 (overcome) many difficulties in the US, Qian eventually returned to China in 1955. He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland. At that time, in poor China, its rocket science was undeveloped — No majors in rocket science; No talents; No experts. Nevertheless, the “No” s didn’t discourage him from 74 (take) on the challenge. His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things 75 other people make.”
Under Qian’s leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles and launched its first man-made satellite. Even much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also 76 (trace) back to Qian’s research, so he earned the name of “the father of China’s aerospace”.
Qian was extremely 77 (knowledge), especially in the area of frontier science research. However, 78 might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong curiosity in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation for art often gave him 79 (inspire) in his scientific research.
The whole country was saddened by Qian’s death 80 October 31,2009, and people honored and remembered him in different ways.
【答案】
71.further 72.founded 73.Having overcome 74.taking 75.as/that 76.be traced 77.knowledgeable 78.what 79.inspiration 80.on
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了钱学森对中国航天科学的影响以及突出贡献。
71.考查固定短语。句意:钱学森1911年生于杭州,1935年赴美深造。表示“深造”短语为further study。故填further。
72.考查动词时态。句意:作为美国喷气和火箭技术的先驱,他和他的同事在20世纪40年代建立了喷气推进实验室,现在是美国宇航局领先的太空探索中心之一。分析句子可知,此处应用动词作谓语,根据时间状语1940s可知,此处应用一般过去时,故空处应用动词一般过去时态。故填founded。
73.考查非谓语动词。句意:在美国克服了许多困难后,钱最终于1955年回到中国。分析句子结构可知,此处应用动词作非谓语,与逻辑主语Qian之间是主动关系,结合语意可知,空处动作发生在主句动作之前,故此处应用现在分词的完成时,即Having done结构。故填Having overcome。
74.考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,“不”并没有阻止他接受挑战。作介词from的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填taking。
75.考查固定短语。句意:我们中国人能制造和别人一样的东西。短语the same…as/that表示“和……一样”。故填as/that。
76.考查语态。句意:甚至神舟火箭背后的许多技术也可以被追溯到钱的研究,所以他赢得了“中国航天之父”的称号。technology与trace back 为被动关系,置于情态动词之后,此处需要被动语态。故填be traced。
77.考查形容词。句意:钱学识渊博,尤其是在前沿科学研究方面。分析句子可知,此处应用形容词作表语,意为“学识渊博的”,应填形容词knowledgeable。故填knowledgeable。
78.考查名词性从句。句意:然而,使他成为如此杰出和有创造力的科学家的可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣,如音乐和绘画。引导主语从句,从句缺主语,意为“什么”,应用连接代词what来引导主语从句。故填what。
79.考查名词。句意:他对艺术的高度欣赏经常给他的科学研究带来灵感。分析句子可知,此处应用名词作宾语,结合语意可知,此处意为“灵感”,故应用名词inspiration,抽象名词不可数。故填inspiration。
80.考查介词。句意:2009年10月31日,全国人民为钱先生的逝世感到悲痛,人们以不同的方式缅怀他。根据后文October 31, 2009表示在具体某一天应用介词on。故填on。
【航空航天09】(2024·吉林·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhou XVI crew members shared their space stories with the public on Friday since their return from space last October after the 81 (five) crewed mission to the space station 82 (involve) China’s first civilian astronaut.
“I felt particularly happy to fly with the diverse crew members, which 83 the first time included a pilot, an engineer, and a payload specialist,” Major General Jing Haipeng, 57, said at 84 news conference held in Beijing.
Jing also revealed that, unlike his previous space missions, he actually gained weight by the end of this one. “We strictly followed our exercise and dietary plans, which is 85 our physical and mental conditions were 86 (exception) good.”
Flight engineer Zhu Yangzhu said that his primary 87 (responsible) were assembling and maintaining the space station’s equipment and the greatest challenge was to ensure “zero mistakes in daily operations” during the five-month mission.
Professor Gui Haichao, said he was so proud, as the first civilian astronaut 88 (enter) China’s own space station and conduct 89 (science) research in space.
Jing also expressed his long-lasting passion for his career. “Since 2003, Chinese astronauts 90 (advance) steadily, step by step, and will explore with greater courage and wisdom to realize even bigger dreams,” he said.
【答案】
81.fifth 82.involving 83.for 84.the 85.why 86.exceptionally 87.responsibilities 88.to enter 89.scientific 90.have advanced
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道,主要讲述了自去年10月中国第一位平民宇航员完成了第五次前往空间站的任务从太空返回以来,神舟十六号机组人员在周五与公众分享了他们的太空故事。
81.考查序数词。句意:自去年10月中国第一位平民宇航员完成了第五次前往空间站的任务从太空返回以来,神舟十六号机组人员在周五与公众分享了他们的太空故事。空处限定crewed mission用序数词,表示“第五”用序数词fifth。故填fifth。
82.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处修饰mission,用非谓语动词,mission与involve构成主动关系,用现在分词作后置定语。故填involving。
83.考查介词。句意:57岁的景海鹏少将在北京举行的新闻发布会上说:“与不同的机组成员一起飞行,我感到特别高兴,这是第一次包括一名飞行员、一名工程师和一名有效载荷专家。”for the first time为固定短语,意思为:第一次。故填for。
84.考查冠词。句意同上。此处conference为特指,应用定冠词。故填the。
85.考查表语从句。句意:我们严格遵循我们的锻炼和饮食计划,这就是为什么我们的身体和精神状况都非常好。is后为表语从句,从句主要成分完整,表示“……的原因”,用连接副词why。故填why。
86.考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰形容词good用副词exceptionally“非常”作状语。故填exceptionally。
87.考查名词。句意:飞行工程师朱杨柱说,他的主要职责是组装和维护空间站的设备,最大的挑战是确保在5个月的任务期间“日常操作中零错误”。空处作主语,用名词responsibility“责任”,结合were可知,名词为复数。故填responsibilities。
88.考查非谓语动词。句意:桂海潮教授说,作为第一位进入中国自己的空间站并在太空进行科学研究的平民宇航员,他感到非常自豪。空处修饰the first civilian astronaut,出现the first,空处用不定式作后置定语。故填to enter。
89.考查形容词。句意同上。空处修饰research,用形容词scientific“科学的”作定语。故填scientific。
90.考查动词时态。句意:他说:“自2003年以来,中国宇航员一步一步稳步前进,将以更大的勇气和智慧探索实现更大的梦想。”空处作谓语,结合since 2003,句子用现在完成时,主语为复数。故填have advanced。
【航空航天10】(2024·安徽·二模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China Mobile, the world’s largest telecom carrier by mobile subscribers, has successfully launched the world’s first satellite 91 (test) 6G architecture, marking a milestone in its efforts to explore integrated space and ground communication technology.
The low-earth orbit test satellite is 92 world’s first to employ 6G design architecture, and it 93 (launch) on Saturday along with another satellite that comes with China Mobile’s 5G technology.
The 6G test satellite hosts a distributed autonomous architecture for 6G, 94 was jointly developed by China Mobile and the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Innovation Academy for Microsatellites. The system, using domestic software and hardware, supports in-orbit software reconstruction, flexible deployment of core network functions and automated management, 95 (enhance) the efficiency and reliability of the in-orbit operation of the satellite core network, China Mobile said.
Set at an orbit 96 (high) of approximately 500 kilometers, these 97 (experiment) satellites offer advantages such as low latency (延迟) and high data transfer rates 98 (compare) with high-orbit satellites which travel at 36,000 kilometers.
Positioned 99 a crucial platform for future integrated space and ground networks, low-earth orbit satellites can address telecom signal coverage gaps in land mobile networks, providing higher bandwidth satellite internet services 100 (global), according to China Mobile.
【答案】
91.to test 92.the 93.was launched 94.which 95.enhancing 96.height 97.experimental 98.compared 99.as 100.globally
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。世界上移动用户最多的电信运营商中国移动成功发射了世界上第一颗测试6G架构的卫星,标志着其探索空间和地面综合通信技术的努力具有里程碑意义。
91.考查非谓语动词。句意:世界上移动用户最多的电信运营商中国移动成功发射了世界上第一颗测试6G架构的卫星,标志着其探索空间和地面综合通信技术的努力具有里程碑意义。名词由序数词修饰,后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to test。
92.考查冠词。句意:这颗低地球轨道测试卫星是世界上第一颗采用6G设计架构的卫星,它于周六与另一颗搭载中国移动5G技术的卫星一起发射。序数词前用定冠词the。故填the。
93.考查时态语态。句意:这颗低地球轨道测试卫星是世界上第一颗采用6G设计架构的卫星,它于周六与另一颗搭载中国移动5G技术的卫星一起发射。主语与谓语构成被动关系,根据后文on Saturday可知发生在过去,用一般过去时的被动语态,谓语用单数。故填was launched。
94.考查定语从句。句意:6G测试卫星承载了一个分布式的6G自主架构,由中国移动和中国科学院微卫星创新研究院共同开发。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词a distributed autonomous architecture for 6G,关系词在从句作主语,指物。故填which。
95.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国移动表示,该系统采用国产软硬件,支持在轨软件重构、核心网功能灵活部署和自动化管理,提高了卫星核心网在轨运行的效率和可靠性。enhance与system构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填enhancing。
96.考查名词。句意:这些实验卫星的轨道高度约为500公里,与轨道高度为36000公里的高轨道卫星相比,具有低延迟和高数据传输速率等优势。作介词的宾语,应用名词height,不可数。故填height。
97.考查形容词。句意:这些实验卫星的轨道高度约为500公里,与轨道高度为36000公里的高轨道卫星相比,具有低延迟和高数据传输速率等优势。修饰名词satellites应用形容词experimental。故填experimental。
98.考查非谓语动词。句意:这些实验卫星的轨道高度约为500公里,与轨道高度为36000公里的高轨道卫星相比,具有低延迟和高数据传输速率等优势。短语be compared with表示“与……相比”,此处过去分词作状语。故填compared。
99.考查介词。句意:中国移动表示,作为未来空间和地面综合网络的关键平台,近地轨道卫星可以解决陆地移动网络的电信信号覆盖缺口,在全球范围内提供更高带宽的卫星互联网服务。短语be positioned as表示“作为”。故填as。
100.考查副词。句意:中国移动表示,作为未来空间和地面综合网络的关键平台,近地轨道卫星可以解决陆地移动网络的电信信号覆盖缺口,在全球范围内提供更高带宽的卫星互联网服务。修饰动词providing应用副词globally。故填globally。
【航空航天11】(2024·上海奉贤·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The First Space Cat
In a few weeks, space scientists will celebrate a remarkable event — the 60th anniversary of the launch of the first cat into space, an astronautical success that has never been repeated.
In the early 60s, dogs and monkeys were the animals usually used by scientists to find out exactly 101 dangerous the conditions were in outer space. And they were also used to assess if humans 102 survive trips beyond the edge of Earth’s atmosphere.
A total of 14 street cats 103 (gather) at France’s space agency for selection as cat astronauts, but the cats were not given names on purpose in order to prevent scientists from becoming too fond of them. The cat selected to travel to space was simply known 104 C341. C341 flew on a French rocket in October 1963, taking it to a place 105 no cat had gone before.
Then, 106 the news of its flight was announced on 18 October 1963, the French press decided this cat had to have its name. They picked “Felix” after a cartoon cat character, only 107 (discover) that C341 was female, so her name was then adjusted to “Felicette” as a result. In putting Felicette in one of its rockets, France added a new species to the list of animals that scientists 108 (send) into space before. Previously, two garden spiders, Anita and Arebella, had been taken to the Skylab 109 (orbit) around the moon.
“In the 60s, 110 (concern) about the possible danger for a human to be in outer space, scientists and engineers primarily undertook animal space flights to see if they suffered or their lives were threatened by the weightlessness or increased radiation or other effects they might experience up there,” said astronomer Jake Foster at the Royal Observatory Greenwich. “The fact that they did not fail paved the way for humans to begin journeys into space.”
【答案】
101.how 102.could 103.were gathered 104.as 105.where 106.after 107.to discover 108.had sent 109.orbiting 110.concerned
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了第一只太空猫的相关情况。
101.考查宾语从句。句意:上世纪60年代初,科学家们通常用狗和猴子来探测外太空的危险程度。引导宾语从句,此处从句表示“多么危险”应用how dangerous。故填how。
102.考查情态动词。句意:它们还被用来评估人类是否能在地球大气层边缘以外的旅行中生存下来。后跟动词原形,根据上文were可知表示“能够”应用could。故填could。
103.考查时态语态。句意:法国航天局共挑选了14只流浪猫作为猫宇航员,但为了防止科学家们过于喜欢它们,这些猫没有被命名。主语与谓语构成被动关系,根据后文were可知为一般过去时的被动语态,谓语用复数。故填were gathered。
104.考查介词。句意:被选中去太空旅行的猫被简单地称为C341。短语be known as表示“被称为”。故填as。
105.考查定语从句。句意:1963年10月,C341乘坐法国的一枚火箭飞到了一个以前没有猫去过的地方。定语从句修饰先行词place,在从句作地点状语,用where。故填where。
106.考查状语从句。句意:1963年10月18日,在它飞行的消息公布后,法国媒体决定给这只猫取个名字。引导时间状语从句,表示“在……之后”应用after。故填after。
107.考查非谓语动词。句意:他们选择了卡通猫的名字“Felix”,却发现C341是雌性,因此她的名字被调整为“Felicette”。此处为only to do sth.,不定式作结果状语。故填to discover。
108.考查时态。句意:在将Felicette放入其中一枚火箭后,法国在科学家之前送入太空的动物名单上增加了一个新物种。此处从句表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时。故填had sent。
109.考查非谓语动词。句意:此前,两只花园蜘蛛,安妮塔和阿雷贝拉,已经被带到绕月轨道运行的太空实验室。分析句子结构可知orbit与逻辑主语Skylab构成主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。故填orbiting。
110.考查非谓语动词。句意:格林尼治皇家天文台的天文学家杰克•福斯特说:“上世纪60年代,由于担心人类在外太空可能面临的危险,科学家和工程师主要对动物进行了太空飞行,看看它们是否会因失重或辐射增加或其他可能受到的影响而受到伤害或生命受到威胁。”短语be concerned about表示“担心”,此处过去分词作状语。故填concerned。
【航空航天12】(2023·安徽·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
A grand exhibition kicked off on Friday at the National Museum in Beijing 111 (mark) 30 years of China’s manned space program.
The exhibition features models of China’s newly 112 (complete) space station, its famous Long March carrier rockets, future models for China’s lunar missions and historical memorabilia to tell the story of three decades of 113 (innovate) and development.
“We hope the exhibition will pass our passion 114 the cause to more people. And now in the new era, Chinese people will explore even 115 (far) and contribute to all humankind with our quest,” said Hao Chun, director of China Manned Space Agency, at the opening ceremony of the exhibition.
He added that the Chinese people had consistently worked to achieve new advances and breakthroughs in space exploration 116 1992 when the program started. “And in recent years we 117 (work) to build the China Space Station, making our previous China’s ‘three-step’ dream 118 reality,” he said. China’s next-generation carrier rocket has a thrust of over 2,600 tonnes, three times more than the Long March-5B carrier rocket, according to Zhang Zhi, the chief designer of the vehicle from China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology.
The Long March-5B is 119 (current) the most powerful heavy-lift launch vehicle in China, 120 is responsible for transporting the core module and two lab modules for China’s space station. “The academy is also developing a reusable rocket for low-Earth orbit transportation,” Zhang added. The exhibition will run for three months.
【答案】
111.to mark 112.completed 113.innovation 114.for 115.further 116.since 117.have worked 118.a 119.currently 120.which
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了周五,一场盛大的展览在北京国家博物馆开幕,以纪念中国载人航天计划30周年。
111.考查动词不定式。句意:周五,一场盛大的展览在北京国家博物馆开幕,以纪念中国载人航天计划30周年。分析句子可知,此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语,满足句意要求。故填to mark。
112.考查非谓语动词。句意:此次展览展出了中国新建成的空间站模型、著名的长征运载火箭模型、中国探月任务的未来模型以及历史纪念品,讲述了中国三十年来的创新和发展。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作定语,complete和space station为被动关系,所以为过去分词形式作定语。故填completed。
113.考查名词。句意:此次展览展出了中国新建成的空间站模型、著名的长征运载火箭模型、中国探月任务的未来模型以及历史纪念品,讲述了中国三十年来的创新和发展。分析句子可知,本空作介词of的宾语,和and连接的development保持并列。故填innovation。
114.考查介词。句意:我们希望这次展览能将我们对这一事业的热情传递给更多的人。passion后加介词for,表示“对……的热情”。故填for。
115.考查形容词比较级。句意:现在在新时代,中国人将进一步探索,并通过我们的探索为全人类做出贡献,”中国载人航天署主任郝春在展览开幕式上说。根据句意以及空前even可知,此处为形容词比较级形式,even修饰比较级,表示抽象意义上的“进一步”。故填further。
116.考查连词。句意:他补充说,自1992年该计划启动以来,中国人民一直致力于在太空探索方面取得新的进展和突破。根据句意以及本句谓语为完成时可知,此处为连词since表示“自从”,一般加时间点,满足句意要求。故填since。
117.考查动词时态。句意:他说:“近年来,我们一直在努力建设中国空间站,使我们以前的中国‘三步走’梦想成为现实。”根据in recent years时间状语可知,此处动词为现在完成时,结合主语we可知,为动词的复数形式。故填have worked。
118.考查冠词。句意:他说:“近年来,我们一直在努力建设中国空间站,使我们以前的中国‘三步走’梦想成为现实。”分析句子可知,此处为固定短语“make…a reality”意为“把……变成现实”,满足句意要求。故填a。
119.考查副词。句意:长征五号已是目前中国最强大的重型运载火箭,负责运送中国空间站的核心模块和两个实验室模块。由副词修饰形容词可知,此处为副词currently修饰形容词the most powerful。故填currently。
120.考查定语从句。句意:长征五号已是目前中国最强大的重型运载火箭,负责运送中国空间站的核心模块和两个实验室模块。分析句子可知,此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词The Long March-5B在从句中作主语成分。故填which。
【航空航天13】(2024·四川德阳·模拟预测)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
China ramps up space ambitions with record launch schedule
China has ambitious plans for its space industry in 2024, with 121 (approximate) 100 launch missions scheduled, according to the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp (CASC), the nation’s leading space contractor. The announcement of this record-high number of launch plans 122 (make) during a news conference in Beijing on Monday.
CASC will be responsible for nearly 70% of the planned missions, 123 (arrange) over 290 spacecrafts into orbit, said Ma Tao, deputy head of the company’s space program planning department. Notable spaceflights for the year include two 124 (crew) journeys and two unmanned missions to the Tiangong space station.
Experts highlight that 125 (significant) mission in 2024 will be Chang’e 6, tasked with bringing back 126 first-ever samples from the little-known far side of the moon. The majority of planned 127 (launch) will be conducted by CASC’s Long March rocket family, with additional ones by the company’s secondary rocket series named Smart Dragon, China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp’s Kuaizhou fleet, and several models from private companies.
In 2023, China was the second-ranking country in terms of launch numbers, having carried 128 67 rocket launching missions, with 47 conducted by the Long March rocket family, all of 129 were successful.
The company laid 130 (emphasize) on its contionuous efforts in the research, development and construction of over 200 spacecrafts to be launched in the coming years.
【答案】
121.approximately 122.was made 123.arranging 124.crewed 125.the most significant 126.the 127.launches 128.out 129.which 130.emphasis
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了中国以创纪录的发射计划提升太空探索的雄心。
121.考查副词。句意:据中国领先的航天承包商中国航天科技集团公司(CASC)称,中国对2024年的航天工业有雄心勃勃的计划,计划进行大约100次发射任务。副词approximately作状语。故填approximately。
122.考查时态语态。句意:这一创纪录数量的发射计划是周一在北京的新闻发布会上宣布的。根据“on Monday”可知,本句为一般过去时,主语The announcement为单数,与谓语make为被动关系。故填was made。
123.考查非谓语。句意:中国航天科技集团公司航天工程规划部副部长马涛表示,该公司将负责近70%的计划任务,安排290多艘航天器进入轨道。空处为非谓语动词,CASC与arrange为主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填arranging。
124.考查形容词。句意:今年值得注意的太空飞行包括两次载人旅行和两次前往天宫空间站的无人飞行任务。形容词crewed“载人的”作定语修饰名词journeys。故填crewed。
125.考查最高级。句意:专家强调,2024年最重要的任务将是嫦娥6号,它的任务是从鲜为人知的月球背面带回第一批样本。根据句意,表示最重要的,用最高级the most significant。故填the most significant。
126.考查冠词。句意:专家强调,2024年最重要的任务将是嫦娥6号,它的任务是从鲜为人知的月球背面带回第一批样本。表示“第一批”,序数词前的冠词为the。故填the。
127.考查名词。句意:大多数计划发射将由中国航天科技集团公司的长征系列火箭进行,其他发射将由该公司的二级火箭系列“智能龙”、中国航天科工集团的“快舟”火箭以及一些私营公司的型号进行。launch为可数名词,所以The majority of在本句中后接名词复数。故填launches。
128.考查介词。句意:2023年,中国完成67次火箭发射任务,其中长征系列火箭发射47次,全部成功,发射次数居世界第二。carry out “实施”为固定短语,符合句意。故填out。
129.考查定语从句。句意:2023年,中国完成67次火箭发射任务,其中长征系列火箭发射47次,全部成功,发射次数居世界第二。先行词为67 rocket launching missions,作of的宾语,关系代词为which。故填which。
130.考查名词。句意:该公司强调其在未来几年将发射的200多艘航天器的研究、开发和建造方面的持续努力。lay emphasis on“强调”为固定短语。故填emphasis。
【航空航天14】(2023·河北邯郸·三模)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists have proposed several objectives for a future international lunar research station, 131 (include) moon-based Earth observation and lunar resource utilization (利用), the China Science Daily 132 (report) on Friday.
Zou Yongliao, head of the lunar and deep space exploration division of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, revealed the goals at a recent 133 (nation) space conference. China plans 134 (establish) a basic model for a lunar research station based on two planned exploration missions by 2028, and 135 (subsequent) expand it into an international one.
According to Zou, as scientists continue to develop the blueprint for the research station, they have already made progress by coming up 136 specific objectives for science and application. These objectives mainly involve studying the moon’s evolution (进化), exploring star formation and 137 (activity), and observing the sun and Earth from the moon.
Zou also mentioned the 138 (perform) of scientific experiments, like growing plants on the lunar surface, and the utilization of lunar resources, such as moon minerals 139 solar energy. The scientist noted that the moon is still the “main field” of deep space exploration and the construction of an international lunar research station was 140 historical necessity.
【答案】
131.including 132.reported 133.national 134.to establish 135.subsequently 136.with 137.activities 138.performance 139.and 140.a
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了科学家们为未来的国际月球研究站提出了几个目标,包括月球对地观测和月球资源利用。
131.考查介词。句意:据《中国科学报》周五报道,科学家们为未来的国际月球研究站提出了几个目标,包括月球对地观测和月球资源利。根据句意,此处用including“包括”构成介词短语作状语,故填including。
132.考查动词时态。句意同上。分析句子可知,report作谓语,由时间状语on Friday可知,用一般过去时,故填reported。
133.考查形容词。句意:中国科学院月球与深空探测部主任邹永辽在最近的一次全国航天会议上透露了这些目标。修饰名词用形容词作定语,故填national。
134.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国计划在2028年之前建立一个基于两次计划探测任务的月球研究站的基本模型,随后将其扩展为一个国际研究站。plan后接不定式作宾语,故填to establish。
135.考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词用副词作状语,故填subsequently。
136.考查介词。句意:邹说,随着科学家们继续制定研究站的蓝图,他们已经通过提出具体的科学和应用目标取得了进展。come up with“提出”,是固定短语,故填with。
137.考查名词。句意:这些目标主要包括研究月球的演化,探索恒星的形成和活动,以及从月球上观察太阳和地球。分析句子可知,此处用名词与star formation并列作宾语,activity是可数名词,前无限定词,应用复数,表泛指,故填activities。
138.考查名词。句意:邹还提到了科学实验的表现,比如在月球表面种植植物,以及月球资源的利用,比如月球矿物和太阳能。冠词修饰名词,作宾语,performance“表现”不可数名词,故填performance。
139.考查连词。句意:邹还提到了科学实验的表现,比如在月球表面种植植物,以及月球资源的利用,比如月球矿物和太阳能。根据句意,前后文是并列关系,用连词and,故填and。
140.考查冠词。句意:这位科学家指出,月球仍然是深空探索的“主要领域”,建设一个国际月球研究站是历史的需要。分析句子可知,此处泛指“一个历史需要”,用不定冠词,historical是以辅音音素开头的词,应用a,故填a。
【航空航天15】(2023·海南海口·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Recently, topics related to the movie The Wandering Earth Ⅱ have been trending upwards on Weibo, a popular Twitter-like social media platform in China, one 141 another. Many audiences show great interest in the details and science and technology that appeared in the movie and 142 number of scientists took the trouble 143 (analyze) the possibilities of related technologies in the movie, including space elevators and underground city life.
Wang Yuanzhuo, a research fellow at the Institute of Computing Technology of I the Chinese Academy of Sciences, even drew 144 (picture) to explain the science and technology theories 145 (present)in the movie to the young audience in simple language.
“I 146 (receive)many questions from my daughter and other kids concerning the movie in the past few weeks,” Wang Yuanzhuo, 147 is also one of the movie’s science consultants, wrote on Weibo.
According to him, the key to realizing space elevators is to find a super-strong material that can he used as the elevator cable. The material needs to have the ability to maintain good performance when it 148 (expose) to terrible conditions in space. But it might be long before space elevators could 149 (actual) become a reality. Still, the 150 (discuss) of this technology itself reflects the ambition of mankind in the research and development of material science.
【答案】
141.after 142.a 143.to analyze 144.pictures 145.presented 146.have received 147.who 148.is exposed 149.actually 150.discussion
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了电影《流浪地球2》中所呈现的科学技术理论和太空电梯的制作问题。
141.考查固定短语。句意:最近,与电影《流浪地球2》相关的话题在微博(中国流行的类似推特的社交媒体平台)上接连升温。短语one after another表示“一个接一个地”。故填after。
142.考查固定短语。句意:许多观众对电影中出现的细节和科学技术表现出极大的兴趣,许多科学家不厌其烦地分析了电影中相关技术的可能性,包括太空电梯和地下城市生活。短语a number of表示“许多……”。故填a。
143.考查非谓语动词。句意:许多观众对电影中出现的细节和科学技术表现出极大的兴趣,许多科学家不厌其烦地分析了电影中相关技术的可能性,包括太空电梯和地下城市生活。短语take the trouble to do sth.表示“不厌其烦做某事”。故填to analyze。
144.考查名词的数。句意:中国科学院计算技术研究所的研究员王元卓甚至用简单的语言为年轻观众绘图画解释了电影中所呈现的科学技术理论。picture为可数名词,前文没有冠词表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填pictures。
145.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国科学院计算技术研究所的研究员王元卓甚至用简单的语言为年轻观众绘画图解释了电影中所呈现的科学技术理论。分析句子结构可知present与逻辑主语the science and technology theories构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填presented。
146.考查时态。句意:“在过去的几周里,我收到了我女儿和其他孩子关于这部电影的很多问题,”这部电影的科学顾问之一王元卓在微博上写道。根据后文in the past few weeks可知用现在完成时,主语为I,助动词用have。故填have received。
147.考查定语从句。句意:“在过去的几周里,我收到了我女儿和其他孩子关于这部电影的很多问题,”这部电影的科学顾问之一王元卓在微博上写道。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Wang Yuanzhuo,从句缺少主语,指人,故填who。
148.考查固定短语。句意:这种材料需要有能力在太空中暴露在恶劣的条件下保持良好的性能。表示“暴露”短语为be exposed to,根据上文needs可知为一般现在时,主语为it,谓语用单数。故填is exposed。
149.考查副词。句意:但太空电梯真正成为现实可能还需要很长时间。修饰动词become应用副词actually,故填actually。
150.考查名词。句意:尽管如此,对这项技术的讨论本身反映了人类在材料科学研究和发展方面的雄心壮志。作主语,应用名词discussion,根据谓语reflects可知用单数。故填discussion。
【航空航天16】(2024·四川宜宾·二模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
European Space Agency astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti is back on Earth after spending months in orbit on the International Space Station.The Italian gets 151 (notice) in China after she quoted classic Chinese poetry 152 social media with a view of 153 Chinese capital from space.
Travelling around the Earth at about 28,000 kilometers per hour, 420 kilometers off the ground in the International Space Station (ISS) certainly 154 (give) us a unique perspective on our planet.
That view inspired Cristoforetti 155 (dive) into the Chinese classics as the ISS flew over parts of China. She quoted 4th-century poet Wang Xizhi’s Preface to poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion.The text 156 (accompany) by photos of China taken from the space station.
Cristoforetti speaks six languages including Chinese and has 157 (previous) taken part in joint training between the ESA and the China Manned Space Agency. It is hoped 158 ESA astronauts will cooperate with Chinese counterparts. With Cristoforetti having laid groundwork for that, ESA Director General Josef Aschbacher was full of praise for the 159 (talent) astronaut and positive about the cooperation of space 160 (explore).
【答案】
151.noticed 152.on 153.the 154.gives 155.to dive 156.was accompanied 157.previously 158.that 159.talented 160.exploration
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了欧洲航天局宇航员萨曼莎·克里斯托弗雷蒂在国际空间站轨道上待了几个月后返回地球。从太空俯瞰中国首都后,这位意大利人在社交媒体上引用中国古典诗词,这让她在中国引起了关注。
151.考查过去分词。句意:从太空俯瞰中国首都后,这位意大利人在社交媒体上引用中国古典诗词,这让她在中国引起了关注。此处为get done结构,主语Italian和notice是被动关系,故用过去分词。故填noticed。
152.考查介词。句意同上。根据句意以及空后的social media名词可知,此处为介词on的填入,构成on social media“在社交媒体上”,满足句意要求。故填on。
153.考查冠词。句意同上。由空后Chinese capital为专有名词可知,此处为定冠词the的填入。故填the。
154.考查动词。句意:在距离地面420公里的国际空间站(ISS)以每小时2.8万公里的速度环绕地球飞行,无疑让我们对我们的星球有了一个独特的视角。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语Travelling around the Earth为动名词短语,所以此处谓语动词为三单形式。故填gives。
155.考查动词短语。句意:当国际空间站飞越中国部分地区时,这一景色激发了克里斯托弗雷蒂对中国经典的钻研。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语inspire sb to do“激励某人做某事”,满足句意要求。故填to dive。
156.考查时态语态。句意:文中还附有从空间站拍摄的中国照片。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,主语The text和动词accompany为被动关系,结合上下文时态可知,为陈述过去发生的事情,所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填was accompanied。
157.考查副词。句意:克里斯托弗雷蒂会说包括中文在内的六种语言,此前曾参加过欧洲航天局和中国载人航天局的联合训练。由副词修饰动词可知,此处为副词previously修饰动词taken part in。故填previously。
158.考查固定句型。句意:希望欧空局宇航员能与中国同行合作。分析句子可知,此处为固定句型it is hoped that…“希望……”,that引导主语从句,在从句中不做成分,且没有意义。故填that。
159.考查形容词。句意:由于克里斯托弗雷蒂为此打下了基础,欧洲航天局总干事约瑟夫·阿施巴赫对这位才华横溢的宇航员大加赞赏,并对太空探索合作持积极态度。由空后astronaut为名词可知,此处用形容词talented“有天赋的”修饰该名词。故填talented。
160.考查名词。句意:由于克里斯托弗雷蒂为此打下了基础,欧洲航天局总干事约瑟夫·阿施巴赫对这位才华横溢的宇航员大加赞赏,并对太空探索合作持积极态度。由空前介词of可知,此处为名词exploration“探索”,构成名词短语space exploration“太空探索”,满足句意要求。故填exploration。
【航空航天17】(2024·四川成都·二模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Galactic Energy launched five satellites into orbit on Monday, boosting the private firm’s ambition to become the Chinese 161 (compete) to SpaceX. Galactic Energy’s Ceres-1 rocket lifted off Monday from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwestern China, sending five satellites into their 162 (intend) orbits. The mission marks the fifth launch of the Ceres-1 rocket-a small solid fuel orbital rocket designed 163 the company. So far, 19 satellites 164 (put) into space, setting a record for a private Chinese firm.
Galactic Energy conducted the first Ceres-1 launch on November 7, 2020, 165 makes it the second Chinese private company to launch a satellite into low Earth orbit successfully.
Some Chinese satellite launch providers 166 (current) are using small solid fuel rockets like Cerebrum others 167 (develop) or testing reusable liquid fuel rocket engines.
China’s commercial space industry has expanded rapidly since 2015, when the government began encouraging private companies 168 (enter) the space sector. Over the past few years, more than 170 private firms have entered the space industry, according to a 2020 research report by Future Space Research, 169 research institute based in Beijing.
The 170 (success) launch by the Chinese startup came on the same day that Virgin Orbit suffered failure on its first rocket launch from the United Kingdom.
【答案】
161.competitor 162.intended 163.by 164.have been put 165.which 166.currently 167.are developing 168.to enter 169.a 170.successful
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了中国的星河动力航天科技公司成功发射了多个卫星,创造了中国私营公司的记录。
161.考查名词。句意:星河动力周一发射了五颗卫星进入轨道,增强了这家私营公司成为SpaceX中国竞争对手的雄心。根据空前的Chinese可知,空处为名词形式,表示“竞争者”。故填competitor。
162.考查形容词。句意:星河动力公司的谷神星一号火箭星期一从中国西北部的酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空,将五颗卫星送入预定轨道。根据空后的名词orbits可知,空处为形容词,意为“预定的”。故填intended。
163.考查介词。句意:这次任务标志着该公司设计的小型固体燃料轨道火箭“谷神星-1”的第五次发射。表示“由……设计”,用介词by。故填by。
164.考查手套。句意:到目前为止,已经有19颗卫星被送入太空,创造了中国私营公司的记录。根据时间状语so far可知,本句时态为现在完成时;主语为19 satellites,复数,和动词put之间存在被动关系。故填have been put。
165.考查定语从句。句意:星河动力于2020年11月7日首次发射谷神星一号,这是中国第二家成功将卫星送入近地轨道的民营企业。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行词为主句一句话,在非限制性定语从句中担当主语,所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
166.考查副词。句意:一些中国卫星发射供应商目前正在使用像“大脑”这样的小型固体燃料火箭,其他公司正在开发或测试可重复使用的液体燃料火箭发动机。担当时间状语用副词形式。故填currently。
167.考查时态。句意:一些中国卫星发射供应商目前正在使用像“大脑”这样的小型固体燃料火箭,其他公司正在开发或测试可重复使用的液体燃料火箭发动机。根据上句可知,本句用现在进行时;主语为others,复数,和develop之间存在主动关系。故填are developing。
168.考查非谓语动词。句意:自2015年政府开始鼓励私营企业进入太空领域以来,中国的商业航天产业迅速扩张。encourage sb. do sth.鼓励某人做某事。非谓语动词担当encourage的宾语补足语,用动词不定式。故填to enter。
169.考查冠词。句意:总部位于北京的研究机构未来空间研究在2020年发布的一份研究报告显示,在过去几年里,有170多家私营企业进入了太空行业。此处表示修“一份研究报告”,饰可数名词单数,泛指,用不定冠词。故填a。
170.考查形容词。句意:就在这家中国初创公司成功发射的同一天,维珍轨道公司在英国的首次火箭发射中遭遇失败。修饰名词launch用形容词形式。故填successful。
【航空航天18】(23-24高三上·贵州毕节·期末)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kjell Lindgren wanted to be an astronaut for as long as he could remember. He spent much of his childhood abroad with his family on several U. S. Air Force 171 (base). “The idea of becoming an astronaut by serving as an Air Force test pilot seemed like the path 172 I needed to follow,” says Lindgren.
Lindgren’s hopes of becoming an astronaut, though, would come to 173 sudden stop when he was diagnosed with asthma (哮喘), a serious disease, after 174 (graduate) from the U. S. Air Force Academy. The Air Force decided to 175 (medical) fire him.
So Lindgren came to a medical school, eventually specializing in emergency medicine. As part of his training, he 176 (test) for asthma again. This time, the tests said that he didn’t have the condition. Lindgren was 177 (please) because his dreams of spaceflight returned.
Lindgren worked as a flight doctor at NASA, treating crews that were preparing for spaceflight. Then, in 2009, he was selected as a NASA astronaut. Since then, Lindgren 178 (fly) into space twice. On his trip aboard the International Space Station in 2022, he served as the commander for SpaceX Crew 4 179 170 days. Lindgren is now a member of the Artemis Team, a group of scientists and astronauts working together 180 (send) people back to the Moon in 2024.
【答案】
171.bases 172.that/which 173.a 174.graduating 175.medically 176.was tested 177.pleased 178.has flown 179.for 180.to send
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。克杰尔·林德格伦是美国国家航空航天局宇航员队伍中的一名重要成员。文章主要介绍了他成为一名宇航员的曲折经历。
171.考查名词复数。句意:他童年的大部分时间都和家人在国外的几个美国空军基地度过。此空前的several说明此空应该用复数形式。故填bases。
172.考查定语从句。句意:林德格伦说:“当一名空军试飞员,成为一名宇航员的想法似乎是我需要遵循的道路。”定语从句修饰先行词path,关系词在从句中作宾语,指物。故填that/which。
173.考查冠词。句意:然而,从美国空军学院毕业后,林德格伦被诊断出患有严重的哮喘,他成为一名宇航员的希望戛然而息。stop在这里作可数名词单数,前面应该用不定冠词,且sudden是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
174.考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,从美国空军学院毕业后,林德格伦被诊断出患有严重的哮喘,他成为一名宇航员的希望戛然而息。介词after后面应该用动词-ing形式。故填graduating。
175.考查副词。句意:空军决定从医学角度解雇他。修饰动词fire,应用副词medically。故填medically。
176.考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:作为训练的一部分,他再次接受了哮喘检查。he和test之间是被动关系,此件事情发生在过去,因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was tested。
177.考查形容词。句意:这一次,检查结果显示他没有这种情况。林德格伦很高兴,因为他的太空飞行梦想又回来了。主语是Lindgren,此处表示“Lindgren感到高兴”,因此用-ed形式的形容词作表语。故填pleased。
178.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:从那以后,林德格伦两次进入太空。此句中的时间状语Since then说明此空应该用现在完成时。主语是Lindgren,是第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has flown。
179.考查介词。句意:在2022年登上国际空间站的旅程中,他担任了170天的SpaceX Crew 4指挥官。表示过去的一段时间内应用介词for。故填for。
180.考查非谓语动词。句意:林德格伦现在是阿尔忒弥斯团队的成员,这是一个由科学家和宇航员组成的团队,他们共同努力,在2024年将人类送回月球。此处动词不定式作状语表示目的。故填to send。
【航空航天19】(2024·江苏南通·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China Mobile, the world’s largest telecom carrier by mobile subscribers, has successfully launched the world’s first satellite to test 6G architecture, 181 (mark) a milestone in its efforts to explore integrated space and ground communication technology.
The low-earth orbit test satellite is the world’s first to employ 6G design architecture, and it 182 (launch) on Saturday along with another satellite that comes with China Mobile’s 5G technology.
The 6G test satellite 183 (host) a distributed autonomous architecture for 6G, which was jointly developed by China Mobile and the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Innovation Academy for Microsatellites. The system, using domestic software and hardware, supports in-orbit software reconstruction, flexible deployment of core network functions 184 automated management, enhancing the efficiency and 185 (reliable) of the in-orbit operation of the satellite core network, China Mobile said.
Set at an orbit height of approximately 500 kilometers, these experimental satellites offer advantages such as low latency and high data transfer rates 186 (compare) with high-orbit satellites 187 travel at 36,000 kilometers.
Positioned as 188 crucial platform for future integrated space and ground networks, low-earth orbit satellites can address telecom signal coverage gaps in terrestrial mobile networks, providing higher bandwidth satellite internet services 189 (systematic), according to China Mobile.
China Mobile said 190 plans to conduct in-orbit experiments based on these test satellites, accelerating the integration and development of space-to-ground technology industries.
【答案】
181.marking 182.was launched 183.hosts 184.and 185.reliability 186.compared 187.which/that 188.a 189.systematically 190.it
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国移动成功发射了世界首颗6G测试卫星,采用分布式自主架构,支持在轨软件重构和灵活部署,提供低延迟和高数据传输速率。这颗卫星位于低地球轨道,可弥补信号覆盖空白,为未来集成空地网络提供关键平台。计划基于这些测试卫星进行在轨实验,推动空地技术产业发展。
181.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国移动,全球最大的移动通信运营商,成功发射了世界首颗用于测试6G架构的卫星,标志着其探索集成空间和地面通信技术的努力取得了重要进展。分析句子,句中has launched为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓语动词,此处“成功发射了世界首颗用于测试6G架构的卫星”该事件与mark之间是主动关系,故使用现在分词作状语。故填marking。
182.考查动词时态和语态。句意:这颗低地球轨道测试卫星是世界上第一颗采用6G设计架构的卫星,它于周六与另一颗搭载中国移动5G技术的卫星一起发射。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,句中on Saturday表示动作发生在过去,故使用一般过去时。同时it指代前文的The low-earth orbit test satellite,其与launch之间是被动关系,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was launched。
183.考查动词时态。句意:6G测试卫星承载了一个分布式的6G自主架构,由中国移动和中国科学院微卫星创新研究院共同开发。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,句子表述客观事实,故使用一般现在时,主语是单数,应用第三人称单数形式。故填hosts。
184.考查连词。句意:中国移动表示,该系统采用国产软硬件,支持在轨软件重构、核心网功能灵活部署和自动化管理,提高了卫星核心网在轨运行的效率和可靠性。分析句子,此处in-orbit software reconstruction与 flexible deployment of core network functions与后文的automated management构成并列关系,应用并列连词and。故填and。
185.考查名词。句意:同上。分析句子,设空处使用reliable的名词reliability作宾语,意为“可靠性”,不可数。故填reliability。
186.考查非谓语动词。句意:这些实验卫星的轨道高度约为500公里,与运行在36000公里的高轨道卫星相比,它们具有低延迟和高数据传输速率等优势。分析句子,句中offer为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓语动词。同时,these experimental satellites与compare之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词作后置定语,表示被动关系。故填compared。
187.考查定语从句。句意:同上。分析句子,设空处引导的是限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,修饰先行词high-orbit satellites ,为物,故使用that或者which。故填that或which。
188.考查冠词。句意:中国移动表示,作为未来空间和地面综合网络的关键平台,低地球轨道卫星可以解决地面移动网络的电信信号覆盖缺口,系统地提供更高带宽的卫星互联网服务。分析句子,句中platform为可数名词,此处表示泛指,故设空处使用不定冠词。同时其修饰词crucial首字母为辅音音素,应用a。故填a。
189.考查副词。句意:同上。分析句子,设空处使用systematic的副词systematically作状语,修饰动词,意为“系统地”。故填systematically。
190.考查代词。句意:中国移动表示,计划在这些测试卫星的基础上进行在轨实验,加快空间对地面技术产业的融合和发展。分析句子,句中缺少主语,故使用代词,此处指代China Mobile。故填it。
【航空航天20】(2024·河北沧州·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China launched a remote-sensing satellite for Earth observation, according to China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, 191 said in a news release that the Gaofen 12D was carried by a Long March 4C rocket that lifted off at 1:45 am at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and 192 (success) arrived in its orbit.
Remote-sensing satellites refer to those 193 (task) with observing, surveying and measuring objects on land or at sea as well as monitoring weather. Developed by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology, the Gaofen 12D 194 (equip) with microwave payloads and its data will be used in land mapping, urban planning, agricultural yield forecasting, and disaster prevention.
China launched the Gaofen program in May 2010 and listed it 195 one of the 16 national important projects in science and technology. By now, the program has established a massive space-based system with more than 30 satellites in 196 (act) service. Images and data from the Gaofen satellites have been widely used at thousands of research bodies and enterprises in dozens of 197 (industry) across China and have helped reduce the country's 198 (depend) on foreign remote-sensing products.
The Long March 4C rocket, also 199 product of the Shanghai-based academy, has a liftoff weight of 250 metric tons, and is mainly used to send satellites to sun-synchronous orbit. It is capable of 200 (transport) satellites with a combined weight of 3 metric tons to a typical sun-synchronous orbit 700 kilometers above the Earth.
【答案】
191.which 192.successfully 193.tasked 194.is equipped 195.as 196.active 197.industries 198.dependence 199.a 200.transporting
【导语】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国发射的一颗名为“高分12D”的地球观测卫星。
191.考查定语从句。句意:据中国航天科技集团公司称,中国发射了一颗用于地球观测的遥感卫星,该公司在一份新闻稿中表示,高分12D由长征四号丙火箭运载,于凌晨1点45分在酒泉卫星发射中心发射,成功进入轨道。分析句子结构,此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词是逗号前面整句话,指代事物,用关系代词which引导从句,在从句中作主语。故填which。
192.考查副词。句意:据中国航天科技集团公司称,中国发射了一颗用于地球观测的遥感卫星,该公司在一份新闻稿中表示,高分12D由长征四号丙火箭运载,于凌晨1点45分在酒泉卫星发射中心发射,成功进入轨道。修饰动词arrived应用副词successfully,作状语。故填successfully。
193.考查非谓语动词。句意:遥感卫星是指执行对陆地和海上物体进行观测、测量和监测天气的卫星的任务。该句的谓语动词是refer,且无连词,空处应用非谓语动词,动词task与名词those之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。be tasked with表示“执行……任务,被授予……任务”。故填tasked。
194.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:上海航天技术研究院研制的高分12D配备了微波有效载荷,其数据将用于土地测绘、城市规划、农业产量预测和灾害预防。分析句子可知,空处应为该句的谓语动词。根据动词refer和句意可知,此处应用一般现在时。equip与主语the Gaofen 12D之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态。主语是单数,be动词使用is。故填is equipped。
195.考查介词。句意:中国于2010年5月启动了“高分计划”,并将其列为16个国家科技重大专项之一。list…as…“将……列为……”为固定搭配。故填as。
196.考查形容词。句意:到目前为止,该计划已经建立了一个庞大的天基系统,拥有30多颗现役卫星。修饰名词service应用形容词active,作定语。故填active。
197.考查名词复数。句意:高分卫星的图像和数据已被中国数十个行业的数千家研究机构和企业广泛使用,并帮助减少了中国对外国遥感产品的依赖。根据dozens of可知,空处应用名词复数作宾语。故填industries。
198.考查名词。句意:高分卫星的图像和数据已被中国数十个行业的数千家研究机构和企业广泛使用,并帮助减少了中国对外国遥感产品的依赖。根据country's可知,空处应用名词dependence,不可数,作宾语。故填dependence。
199.考查冠词。句意:长征四号丙火箭也是上海研究院的产品,发射重量为250公吨,主要用于将卫星送入太阳同步轨道。此处product为可数名词单数,应用不定冠词表泛指,所连接的单词product的发音以辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。
200.考查非谓语动词。句意:它能够将总重量为3公吨的卫星运送到距地球700公里的典型太阳同步轨道。be capable of doing sth“能够做某事”为固定句式,动名词作宾语。故填transporting。
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2025届高考英语语法填空分类通关练(高考真题+名校模拟+外刊原创)
专题20航空航天主题语法填空20篇 解析版
(航天员桂海潮+太空旅游+空间站培育水稻幼苗+国际月球研究站+太空电梯)
真题专区:练真题,明方向;抓题眼,提能力;补漏洞;上台阶
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【2020新课标I卷】China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61
(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)”. Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
61. touched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest 65. than 66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed 69. much 70. Its
【导读】这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家,文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。
61. touched。句意:无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语,根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时,故填touched。
62. extremely。句意:登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging,应使用extreme的副词形式,故填extremely。
63. where。句意:中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点,人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是a spot,关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导。故填where。
64. interest。句意:月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知,空处应填名词,interest是不可数名词,be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
65. than。句意:因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知,此处填介词than,表示“比……更”。故填than。
66. to find。句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
67. means。句意:“这真的使科学家们激动,”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说:“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知,此处也使用一般现在时,主语是it,所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means,故填means。
68. is constructed。句意同上。分析句子可知,此处是宾语从句谓语动词,谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时,主语the moon是单数,故填is constructed。
69. much。句意:关于月亮构成的数据,比如它含有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词,应使用much修饰,故填much。
70. its。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。
模拟专区:练模拟,提速度;抓题眼,找线索;善纠错;提分数
【航空航天01】(24-25高三上·江西·开学考试)Sitting inside the Shenzhou XVI spacecraft, Gui Haichao, the first Chinese civilian on a spaceflight, together with the other two astronauts, 1 (launch) by a 20-story-tall Long March 2F carrier rocket, 2 took off at 9:31 am on May 30, 2023 at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
Born in 1986, Gui’s 3 (enthusiastic) for science has been developing since childhood. He had a set of encyclopedias (百科全书) from which he gained a lot of basic space knowledge. Years later, Gui Haichao attended Beihang University, 4 (major) in spacecraft design and engineering.
Gui then pursued postdoctoral research overseas and published about 20 SCI academic papers in top international journals. After returning to China, he received Beihang’s invitation to teach 5 an associate professor.
In the spring of 2018, Gui was told that China’s manned space authorities had made a decision 6 (select) the third group of astronauts, including the first spaceflight engineers and science payloads specialists. “I have been 7 fan of space exploration for many years and sometimes dreamed about doing my research in space. So excited was I on hearing this news 8 I signed up without much thought. Eventually I was 9 (successful) admitted following several demanding rounds of 10 (profession) tests,” he recalled.
【答案】
1.was launched 2.which 3.enthusiasm 4.majoring 5.as 6.to select 7.a 8.that 9.successfully 10.professional
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国航天员队伍的新成员——桂海潮。
1.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:2023年5月30日上午9点31分,在酒泉卫星发射中心,一枚20层楼高的长征2F运载火箭发射了神舟十六号飞船,中国首位平民桂海潮和另外两名宇航员坐在飞船内。分析句子可知,空处在句子中作谓语,句子为一般过去时,主语为Gui Haichao,主语与launch之间为被动关系。故填was launched。
2.考查定语从句。句意:2023年5月30日上午9点31分,在酒泉卫星发射中心,一枚20层楼高的长征2F运载火箭发射了神舟十六号飞船,中国首位平民桂海潮和另外两名宇航员坐在飞船内。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a 20-story-tall Long March 2F carrier rocket,先行词为物,且在从句中作主语。故填which。
3.考查名词。句意:1986年出生的他,从小就对科学充满热情。分析句子可知,空处应为名词enthusiasm,作本句主语,不可数。故填enthusiasm。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:多年后,桂海超进入北京航空航天大学,主修航天器设计与工程。分析句子可知,空处为非谓语动词作伴随状语,且主语Gui Haichao与major之间为主动关系,故用现在分词。故填majoring。
5.考查介词。句意:回国后,他受到北京航空航天大学的邀请,担任副教授。后跟名词作宾语,表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意:2018年春天,桂被告知,中国载人航天当局已决定选择第三批宇航员,包括首批航天工程师和科学有效载荷专家。make a decision to do sth.为固定搭配,表示“下定决心做某事”。故填to select。
7.考查冠词。句意:多年来,我一直是太空探索的粉丝,有时梦想着在太空中进行研究。根据句意可知,此处表示“是……的一个粉丝”,表泛指,且fan是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
8.考查状语从句。句意:听到这个消息,我很兴奋,想都没想就报名了。表示“如此……以至于……”此处应为so…that...引导的结果状语从句。故填that。
9.考查副词。句意:经过几轮严格的专业测试,我最终被录取了。分析句子可知,空处修饰后面的动词admitted,应用副词successfully。故填successfully。
10.考查形容词。句意:经过几轮严格的专业测试,我最终被录取了。分析句子可知,空处为形容词professional,修饰空后的名词tests,表示“专业的测试”。故填professional。
【航空航天02】(2024·宁夏银川·二模)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Space tourism is fast becoming a reality, thanks to pioneers like Jeff Bezos and Richard Branson who have ventured to the edge of space, making it 11 (access) to individuals. The era of space vacations is on the horizon, 12 (offer) multi-day escapes that rival traditional getaways.
A space hotel will have been opened 13 2027 by Orbital Assembly Corporation (OAC). Voyager Station, the world’s first luxury space resort, 14 (accommodate) 280 guests and 112 crew members with complete facilities, providing an unparalleled space experience in the near future.
15 space tourism may seem novel, it dates back hundreds or thousands of years, with Voyager Stations design inspired by the concept of a rotating wheel that generates artificial gravity. 16 (initial), the station will offer lunar-level gravity, like Earth’s gravity. This unique lunar environment 17 (promise) exciting possibilities for individuals with disabilities and the able-bodied.
Guests will embark on their celestial journey, arriving at a central, zero-gravity docking hub (对接枢纽) before 18 (transport) to habitation modules(独立仓) not far away. It’s at the edge of the wheel 19 centrifugal (离心的) force will provide gravity for daily activities.
As technology advances and transportation costs decrease, the dream of space tourism could soon become 20 reality. The rapidly growing space commerce industry and competition among companies further support the possibility of this ambitious vision.
【答案】
11.accessible 12.offering 13.by 14.will accommodate 15.Though/Although/While 16.Initially 17.promises 18.being transported 19.that 20.a
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空旅游的发展情况。
11.考查形容词。句意:多亏了像杰夫·贝佐斯和理查德·布兰森这样的开拓者,太空旅游正迅速成为现实,他们已经冒险到了太空的边缘,使个人可以进入太空。此处为make it adj. to do sth.,形容词accessible作宾补。故填accessible。
12.考查非谓语动词。句意:太空度假的时代即将到来,提供的多天假期可以与传统度假相媲美。此处offer与The era of space vacations构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填offering。
13.考查介词。句意:到2027年,轨道装配公司(OAC)将开设一家太空酒店。表示“到……为止”应用by+时间,故填by。
14.考查时态。句意:旅行者空间站是世界上第一个豪华太空度假村,将容纳280名客人和112名机组人员,设施齐全,在不久的将来提供无与伦比的太空体验。根据后文in the near future可知为应用一般将来时。故填will accommodate。
15.考查状语从句。句意:虽然太空旅游看起来很新奇,但它可以追溯到几百年甚至几千年前,旅行者空间站的设计灵感来自于一个产生人工重力的旋转轮子的概念。引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然”应用though、although或while,首字母大写。故填Though/Although/While。
16.考查副词。句意:最初,空间站将提供月球级别的重力,就像地球引力一样。修饰后文句子应用副词initially,首字母大写。故填Initially。
17.考查时态。句意:这种独特的月球环境为残疾人和健全人提供了令人兴奋的可能性。陈述事实用一般现在时,主语为environment,谓语用三单形式。故填promises。
18.考查非谓语动词。句意:客人们将开始他们的太空之旅,到达一个中央的零重力对接中心,然后被运送到不远处的居住模块。作介词的宾语,应用动名词形式,且transport与Guests构成被动关系,故用being done形式。故填being transported。
19.考查强调句。句意:在轮子的边缘,离心力将为日常活动提供重力。此处为强调句:it is+被强调部分+that/who+其他,被强调部分为at the edge of the wheel,应用that。故填that。
20.考查冠词。句意:随着技术的进步和运输成本的降低,太空旅游的梦想可能很快就会成为现实。短语become a reality表示“成为现实”。故填a。
【航空航天03】(2024·河南·三模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡上。
China recently shared exciting news about its space exploration efforts, and revealed the names of its manned lunar lander and a new crew spaceship. This development marks 21 important step in the nation’s efforts 22 (explore) outer space. The lunar lander is named Lanyue, 23 means “embracing (拥抱) the moon”. This choice reflects the dream and confidence of the Chinese people in their space exploration efforts.
The crew spaceship has been named Mengzhou, or Dream Vessel, 24 (indicate) its role in realizing the dream of landing on the moon and exploring newfrontier s in space. Mengzhou will have two versions: one for exploring the moon and the other for trips between Earth 25 the Tiangong space station, and the latter takes over the duties from the current Shenzhou spaceship.
These names, Lanyue and Mengzhou, were selected 26 (careful) from nearly 2,000 suggestions by the public to show the wide 27 (participate) and interest of the Chinese people 28 their country’s space missions. China plans to send its first manned mission to the moon around 2030. The Lanyue lander is designed with a landing and propulsion (推进) section to carry two astronauts to the moon. The Mengzhou spacecraft, designed for space travel, 29 (include) a reentry module for the astronauts and a service module 30 (equip) with power and propulsion systems.
【答案】
21.an 22.to explore 23.which 24.indicating 25.and 26.carefully 27.participation 28.in 29.includes 30.equipped
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国最近分享了关于其太空探索努力的令人兴奋的消息,并公布了其载人月球着陆器和新型载人飞船的名称。这一进展标志着我国对外太空探索迈出了重要一步。月球着陆器被命名为“揽月”,意思是“拥抱月亮”。这一选择体现了中国人民对太空探索的梦想和信心。
21.考查冠词。句意:这一进展标志着我国对外太空探索迈出了重要一步。根据句意以及空后step为单数名词可知,此处为表示泛指“重要一步”,结合important为首音节元音单词,所以为不定冠词an的填入。故填an。
22.考查动词不定式。句意:这一进展标志着我国对外太空探索迈出了重要一步。此处为动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰efforts,effort to do“做出……的努力”为惯用表达。故填to explore。
23.考查定语从句。句意:月球着陆器被命名为“揽月”,意思是“拥抱月亮”。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Lanyue,指物,且关系词在从句中作主语。故填which。
24.考查非谓语动词。句意:这艘载人飞船被命名为“梦舟号”,表明它在实现登月梦想和探索太空新领域中的作用。此处为非谓语动词作状语,indicate和逻辑主语The crew spaceship为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式。故填indicating。
25.考查连词。句意:“梦舟”将有两个版本:一个用于月球探测,另一个用于地球和天宫空间站之间的旅行,后者将接替目前的“神舟”飞船的任务。根据句意可知,此处为固定短语between…and…“在……之间”,所以此处为连词and的填入。故填and。
26.考查副词。句意:“揽月”和“梦舟”这两个名字是从公众提出的近2000个建议中精心挑选出来的,以显示中国人民对其国家航天任务的广泛参与和兴趣。由副词修饰动词可知,此处为副词carefully修饰动词were selected。故填carefully。
27.考查名词。句意:“揽月”和“梦舟”这两个名字是从公众提出的近2000个建议中精心挑选出来的,以显示中国人民对其国家航天任务的广泛参与和兴趣。由and连接的interest为名词可知,此处也应为名词形式,同时被空前形容词wide所修饰,participation为不可数名词。故填participation。
28.考查介词。句意:“揽月”和“梦舟”这两个名字是从公众提出的近2000个建议中精心挑选出来的,以显示中国人民对其国家航天任务的广泛参与和兴趣。此处为固定短语in space missions“在太空任务中”,所以此处为介词in的填入。故填in。
29.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:梦舟飞船是为太空旅行而设计的,包括一个供宇航员使用的返回舱和一个配备动力和推进系统的服务舱。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,根据上文时态可知,此处应为一般现在时,主语The Mengzhou spacecraft为单数名词,所以为动词三单形式。故填includes。
30.考查非谓语动词。句意:梦舟飞船是为太空旅行而设计的,包括一个供宇航员使用的返回舱和一个配备动力和推进系统的服务舱。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰service module,service module和equip为被动关系,所以为过去分词形式。故填equipped。
【航空航天04】(2024·安徽·二模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡上。
The launch of the Shenzhou XVII manned spaceship on Thursday was successful. The launch came just a few days after China celebrated the 20th anniversary of its first manned mission. On Oct.15, 2003, Yang Liwei, China’s space hero, 31 (realize) the country’s dream of accessing outer space.
In 32 interview with a major media outlet, Yang, currently deputy chief designer of China’s manned space program, said all Chinese astronauts 33 (choose) for the manned missions to the moon must have the experience of traveling to the Tiangong space station. This is an important criterion for the selection of “moon walkers”. The Shenzhou XVII mission can therefore be described 34 an important stage of the preparation for China’s manned lunar mission.
The Shenzhou XVII mission and its crew have many firsts. The crew is 35 (young) than that of any other China’s manned mission. It is also the first to have a 36 (combine) of second-batch and third-batch astronauts. Tang Hongbo, a veteran astronaut 37 completed his first spaceflight about two years ago, 38 (appoint) to be the first space traveler to revisit China’s Tiangong space station last month.
The Shenzhou XVII crew is very young. Astronauts Jiang Xinlin and Tang Shengjie are two of China’s third-generation astronauts, and were born in 1988 and 1989 39 (respective). As they are on their first space mission at such a young age, they will get plenty of opportunities 40 (join) more space missions.
【答案】
31.realized 32.an 33.chosen 34.as 35.younger 36.combination 37.who/that 38.was appointed 39.respectively 40.to join
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。 文章讲述了中国神舟十七载人飞船成功发射, 为推进中国航天事业的发展做出了巨大的贡献。
31.考查时态。句意:2003年10月15日,中国太空英雄杨利伟实现了中国进入外太空的梦想。设空处作谓语,根据时间状语On Oct. 15, 2003可知为一般过去时。故填realized。
32.考查冠词。句意:杨目前是中国载人航天工程的副总设计师,他在接受一家主要媒体采访时表示,所有被选中执行载人登月任务的中国宇航员都必须有前往天宫空间站的经历。interview“采访”为可数名词,此处为泛指,且interview是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
33.考查非谓语动词。句意:杨目前是中国载人航天工程的副总设计师,他在接受一家主要媒体采访时表示,所有被选中执行载人登月任务的中国宇航员都必须有前往天宫空间站的经历。设空处为非谓语动词,动词choose与astronauts构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。故填chosen。
34.考查介词。句意:因此,神舟十七号任务可以被描述为中国载人登月任务准备的一个重要阶段。短语be described as表示“被描述为”。故填as。
35.考查比较级。句意:此次载人航天任务的机组人员比中国以往任何一次载人航天任务都要年轻。根据后文than that of any other China’s manned mission可知为形容词 young比较级,作表语。故填younger。
36.考查名词。句意:这也是第一次将第二批和第三批宇航员结合起来。根据上文不定冠词,可知应用单数名词combination,作have宾语,故填combination。
37.考查定语从句。句意:唐洪波是一名经验丰富的宇航员,大约两年前完成了他的第一次太空飞行。上个月,唐洪波被任命为首位重返中国天宫空间站的太空旅行者。定语从句修饰先行词astronaut,在从句作主语,指人。故填who/that。
38.考查时态语态。句意:唐洪波是一名经验丰富的宇航员,大约两年前完成了他的第一次太空飞行。上个月,唐洪波被任命为首位重返中国天宫空间站的太空旅行者。主语Tang Hongbo与谓语动词appoint构成被动关系,根据后文last month可知为一般过去时的被动语态,谓语用单数。故填was appointed。
39.考查副词。句意:神舟十七号机组人员非常年轻。航天员蒋新林和唐生杰分别出生于1988年和1989年,是中国第三代航天员。修饰动词短语应用副词respectively。故填respectively。
40.考查非谓语动词。句意:由于他们在这么年轻的时候就开始了第一次太空任务,他们将有很多机会参加更多的太空任务。名词opportunity后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to join。
【航空航天05】(2024·福建泉州·二模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Space Station Rice Tests Show Promise
Chinese astronauts have successfully grown rice seedlings (幼苗) onboard the Tiangong space station.
There have been other rice 41 (experiment) in space. But the one being conducted on Tiangong is the first of 42 (it) kind that aims to produce the complete life cycle of the plant, which begins with a seed and ends with 43 mature plant producing new seeds.
China launched the Wentian space laboratory into orbit on July 24. The space lab, which weighs 23 metric tons and is 17.9 meters tall, is the country’s 44 (large) spacecraft to date. Onboard 45 (be) eight experimental payloads, including the one for the rice experiment.
“We want to investigate how microgravity affects the plant flowering time on the molecular (分子的) level 46 whether it is possible to use the microgravity environment 47 (control) the related process,” said Zheng Huiqiong, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Flowering is a 48 (vital) important stage for plant reproductive development.
“If we want to land on and explore Mars, food 49 (bring) from Earth is not enough for the astronauts’ long journey and mission in space. We have to find a sustainable food source 50 long-term space explorations,” Zheng said.
【答案】
41.experiments 42.its 43.a 44.largest 45.are 46.and 47.to control 48.vitally 49.brought 50.for
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述中国宇航员在天宫空间站成功培育出水稻幼苗。
41.考查名词的数。句意:在太空中还进行过其他大米实验。设空处为主语,应用名词形式,experiment为可数名词,这里应用复数,故填experiments。
42.考查代词。句意:但在天宫上进行的这项研究是第一次以培育植物的完整生命周期为目标,从种子开始,到产生新种子的成熟植物结束。设空处修饰名词,应用形容词性物主代词,故填its。
43.考查冠词。句意:但在天宫上进行的这项研究是第一次以培育植物的完整生命周期为目标,从种子开始,到产生新种子的成熟植物结束。设空处修饰名词表泛指,应用不定冠词,设空后mature以辅音音素开头,故填a。
44.考查形容词最高级。句意:太空实验室重23吨,高17.9米,是我国迄今为止最大的航天器。设空处修饰名词作定语,并且根据句意可知是迄今为止最大的,应用形容词最高级,故填largest。
45.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:飞船上有8个实验载荷,其中一个用于水稻实验。分析可知,设空处为谓语,描述客观事实,用一般现在时,本句为倒装句,主语是eight experimental payloads,谓语用复数形式,故填are。
46.考查连词。句意:国科学院研究员郑慧琼表示:“我们想研究微重力如何在分子水平上影响植物开花时间,以及是否有可能利用微重力环境来控制相关过程。” 分析可知,how microgravity affects the plant flowering time on the molecular(分子的) level和whether it is possible to use the microgravity environment 7 (control) the related process并列作宾语,应用and连接,故填and。
47.考查不定式。句意:国科学院研究员郑慧琼表示:“我们想研究微重力如何在分子水平上影响植物开花时间,以及是否有可能利用微重力环境来控制相关过程。” 分析可知,设空处是非谓语动词,表目的,应用不定式,故填to control。
48.考查副词。句意:开花是植物生殖发育的重要阶段。设空处修饰形容词作状语,应用副词,故填vitally。
49.考查过去分词。句意:如果我们想登陆火星并探索火星,从地球带来的食物对于宇航员的长途太空旅行和太空任务来说是不够的。设空处修饰名词food作定语,和名词之间是被动关系,应用过去分词,故填brought。
50.考查介词。句意:我们必须为长期的太空探索找到一种可持续的食物来源。分析可知,设空处为介词,后接名词,意为“为,为了”,故填for。
【航空航天06】(2024·安徽六安·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China launched a three-member crew to its orbiting space station on Thursday as part of its 51 (ambition) program that aims to put astronauts on the moon by 2030.
The mission 52 (lead) by Ye Guangfu, a fighter pilot and astronaut who was 53 (previous) part of the Shenzhou-13 crew in 2021. He is joined by astronauts Li Cong and Li Guangsu, 54 are heading into space for the first time.
55 three will spend about six months on the space station. They 56 (conduct) scientific tests, install space debris protection 57 (equip) on the station, carry out payload experiments, and popularize science education, among other things, according to Lin Xiqiang, deputy director of the CMSA.Lin also said China was working toward eventually offering access 58 its space station to foreign astronauts and space tourists.
The country is planning a mission 59 (bring) back samples from Mars around 2030 and three lunar probe missions over the next four years. It also wants to put astronauts on the moon by 2030.
China conducted its first crewed space mission in 2003, 60 (become) the third country after the former Soviet Union and the U. S. to put a person into space using its own resources.
【答案】
51.ambitious 52.is led 53.previously 54.who 55.The 56.will conduct 57.equipment 58.to 59.to bring 60.becoming
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国近期将三名宇航员送往空间站的最新进展,以及中国雄心勃勃的太空计划。
51.考查形容词。句意:周四,中国向其轨道空间站发射了一个三人机组,这是其雄心勃勃的计划的一部分,该计划旨在到 2030 年将宇航员送上月球。修饰名词program应用形容词,故填ambitious。
52.考查被动语态。句意:这次任务由叶光富领导,他是一名战斗机飞行员和宇航员,曾在 2021 年参与神舟十三号机组。mission与lead之间是被动关系,且句子描述的是现在的情况,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,故填 is led。
53.考查副词。句意:同上。修饰动词短语was part of,应用副词,故填previously。
54.考查定语从句。句意:他与宇航员李聪和李广苏一起,他们都是首次进入太空。分析句子结构,这是一个包含定语从句的复合句,先行词是astronauts Li Cong and Li Guangsu,因先行词在定语从句中作主语指人,所以用关系代词who 引导,故填who。
55.考查冠词。句意:这三人将在空间站上度过大约六个月。这里特指上文提到的这三名宇航员,表示特指含义,所以用定冠词the,故填The。
56.考查时态。句意:他们将进行科学测试、在空间站安装空间碎片防护设备、进行有效载荷实验以及开展科学教育等活动,据中国载人航天工程办公室副主任林西强介绍。根据上文“three will spend about six months on the space station(这三人将在空间站上度过大约六个月)”可知,这里表示未来将要发生的动作,所以用一般将来时,故填will conduct。
57.考查名词。句意:同上。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作宾语,使用名词,故填equipment。
58.考查介词。句意:林西强还表示,中国正在努力最终向外国宇航员和太空游客开放其空间站。offer access to“提供进入……的机会”,是固定搭配,故填to。
59.考查非谓语动词。句意:该国计划在 2030 年左右执行一项从火星带回样本的任务,并在未来四年内执行三次月球探测任务。因空白处表示的是一个指向将来的不确定的动作,此处用动词不定式作后置定语,修饰mission,故填to bring。
60.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国在 2003 年进行了首次载人航天任务,成为继前苏联和美国之后第三个利用自身资源将人送入太空的国家。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作状语,使用非谓语动词,因空白处表示的是一个自然而然的结果,应用现在分词作结果状语,故填becoming。
【航空航天07】(2024·河北·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhou XVII crew conducted their second spacewalk outside the Tiangong space station on Saturday, 61 (complete) the first repair operation by Chinese astronauts, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
The agency said that mission commander Tang Hongbo and crew member Jiang Xinlin 62 (return) to the Wentian science module (舱) at 1:32 pm after floating for nearly eight hours outside the huge orbital station. The 63 (three) crew member Tang Shengjie, stayed inside Tiangong to provide support.
“With the 64 (cooperate) and assistance from ground controllers and the space station’s robotic arm, the team completed all their assigned tasks 65 (successful),” the agency said. It was the 15th spacewalk 66 (carry) out by Chinese astronauts. During the spacewalk, Tang Hongbo and Jiang Xinlin repaired damage to parts on the Tianhe core module’s solar wings that was caused by tiny space debris (碎片).
The Shenzhou XVII astronauts, 67 are the sixth crew to inhabit the Tiangong space station, arrived at the enormous flying outpost on Oct. 26, 2023 to take over from their peers (同行) in the Shenzhou XVI mission.
On Dec. 21, the crew performed their first spacewalk 68 finished a host of tasks including carrying out test repairs, too. They are scheduled 69 (wrap) up their spaceflight at the end of April and will hand over the Tiangong space station 70 the Shenzhou XVIII crew before returning to Earth.
【答案】
61.completing 62.returned 63.third 64.cooperation 65.successfully 66.carried 67.who 68.and 69.to wrap 70.to
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道,文章主要报道了神舟十七号航天员完成太空修复任务。
61.考查非谓语动词。句意:据中国载人航天局称,2024年3月2日,神舟17号宇航员在天宫空间站外进行了第二次太空行走,完成了中国宇航员的首次修复操作。句子谓语动词是conducted,空格处填入非谓语动词,动词complete和逻辑主语The Shenzhou XVII crew之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语,故填completing。
62.考查一般过去时。句意:该机构表示,任务指挥官汤洪波和机组成员江新林在巨大的轨道站外漂浮了近8个小时后,于下午1点32分返回了问天实验舱。结合句意及句中的said可知,句子是描述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时,故填returned。
63.考查序数词。句意:第三名机组人员唐胜杰留在天宫号内部提供支持。结合句意可知,此处指“第三个”,使用序数词,故填third。
64.考查名词。句意:“在地面控制人员和空间站机械臂的配合和协助下,该团队完成功成了所有分配的任务,”该机构说。空处和名词assistance并列,应填名词形式,作介词With的宾语,cooperation“合作”,不可数名词,故填cooperation。
65.考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰动词completed,应用副词形式,故填successfully。
66.考查非谓语动词。句意:这是中国宇航员进行的第15次太空行走。句子谓语动词是was,空格处填入非谓语动词,结合“by Chinese astronauts”可知,动词短语carry out和spacewalk之间是被动关系,此处应用过去分词作后置定语,故填carried。
67.考查定语从句。句意:10月26日,神舟17号的宇航员接替神舟16号的任务,他们是第6批居住在天宫空间站的宇航员,抵达这个巨大的飞行前哨。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是The Shenzhou XVII astronauts,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who引导,故填who。
68.考查连词。句意:12月21日,宇航员进行了首次太空行走,并完成了包括测试维修在内的一系列任务。结合句意可知,“performed their first spacewalk”和“finished a host of tasks”是并列关系,用并列连词and连接,故填and。
69.考查非谓语动词。句意:按计划,他们将在4月底结束太空飞行,并在返回地球之前将天宫空间站移交给神舟18号机组人员。be scheduled to do sth“被安排做某事”,故填to wrap。
70.考查介词。句意同上。hand over…to…“把……移交给……”,固定搭配,故填to。
【航空航天08】(2024·宁夏石嘴山·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian went to the United States for 71 (far) studies in 1935. Soon as a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology, he and his colleagues 72 (found) the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in the 1940s, now one of NASA’s leading space-exploration centres.
73 (overcome) many difficulties in the US, Qian eventually returned to China in 1955. He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland. At that time, in poor China, its rocket science was undeveloped — No majors in rocket science; No talents; No experts. Nevertheless, the “No” s didn’t discourage him from 74 (take) on the challenge. His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things 75 other people make.”
Under Qian’s leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles and launched its first man-made satellite. Even much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also 76 (trace) back to Qian’s research, so he earned the name of “the father of China’s aerospace”.
Qian was extremely 77 (knowledge), especially in the area of frontier science research. However, 78 might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong curiosity in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation for art often gave him 79 (inspire) in his scientific research.
The whole country was saddened by Qian’s death 80 October 31,2009, and people honored and remembered him in different ways.
【答案】
71.further 72.founded 73.Having overcome 74.taking 75.as/that 76.be traced 77.knowledgeable 78.what 79.inspiration 80.on
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了钱学森对中国航天科学的影响以及突出贡献。
71.考查固定短语。句意:钱学森1911年生于杭州,1935年赴美深造。表示“深造”短语为further study。故填further。
72.考查动词时态。句意:作为美国喷气和火箭技术的先驱,他和他的同事在20世纪40年代建立了喷气推进实验室,现在是美国宇航局领先的太空探索中心之一。分析句子可知,此处应用动词作谓语,根据时间状语1940s可知,此处应用一般过去时,故空处应用动词一般过去时态。故填founded。
73.考查非谓语动词。句意:在美国克服了许多困难后,钱最终于1955年回到中国。分析句子结构可知,此处应用动词作非谓语,与逻辑主语Qian之间是主动关系,结合语意可知,空处动作发生在主句动作之前,故此处应用现在分词的完成时,即Having done结构。故填Having overcome。
74.考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,“不”并没有阻止他接受挑战。作介词from的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填taking。
75.考查固定短语。句意:我们中国人能制造和别人一样的东西。短语the same…as/that表示“和……一样”。故填as/that。
76.考查语态。句意:甚至神舟火箭背后的许多技术也可以被追溯到钱的研究,所以他赢得了“中国航天之父”的称号。technology与trace back 为被动关系,置于情态动词之后,此处需要被动语态。故填be traced。
77.考查形容词。句意:钱学识渊博,尤其是在前沿科学研究方面。分析句子可知,此处应用形容词作表语,意为“学识渊博的”,应填形容词knowledgeable。故填knowledgeable。
78.考查名词性从句。句意:然而,使他成为如此杰出和有创造力的科学家的可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣,如音乐和绘画。引导主语从句,从句缺主语,意为“什么”,应用连接代词what来引导主语从句。故填what。
79.考查名词。句意:他对艺术的高度欣赏经常给他的科学研究带来灵感。分析句子可知,此处应用名词作宾语,结合语意可知,此处意为“灵感”,故应用名词inspiration,抽象名词不可数。故填inspiration。
80.考查介词。句意:2009年10月31日,全国人民为钱先生的逝世感到悲痛,人们以不同的方式缅怀他。根据后文October 31, 2009表示在具体某一天应用介词on。故填on。
【航空航天09】(2024·吉林·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhou XVI crew members shared their space stories with the public on Friday since their return from space last October after the 81 (five) crewed mission to the space station 82 (involve) China’s first civilian astronaut.
“I felt particularly happy to fly with the diverse crew members, which 83 the first time included a pilot, an engineer, and a payload specialist,” Major General Jing Haipeng, 57, said at 84 news conference held in Beijing.
Jing also revealed that, unlike his previous space missions, he actually gained weight by the end of this one. “We strictly followed our exercise and dietary plans, which is 85 our physical and mental conditions were 86 (exception) good.”
Flight engineer Zhu Yangzhu said that his primary 87 (responsible) were assembling and maintaining the space station’s equipment and the greatest challenge was to ensure “zero mistakes in daily operations” during the five-month mission.
Professor Gui Haichao, said he was so proud, as the first civilian astronaut 88 (enter) China’s own space station and conduct 89 (science) research in space.
Jing also expressed his long-lasting passion for his career. “Since 2003, Chinese astronauts 90 (advance) steadily, step by step, and will explore with greater courage and wisdom to realize even bigger dreams,” he said.
【答案】
81.fifth 82.involving 83.for 84.the 85.why 86.exceptionally 87.responsibilities 88.to enter 89.scientific 90.have advanced
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道,主要讲述了自去年10月中国第一位平民宇航员完成了第五次前往空间站的任务从太空返回以来,神舟十六号机组人员在周五与公众分享了他们的太空故事。
81.考查序数词。句意:自去年10月中国第一位平民宇航员完成了第五次前往空间站的任务从太空返回以来,神舟十六号机组人员在周五与公众分享了他们的太空故事。空处限定crewed mission用序数词,表示“第五”用序数词fifth。故填fifth。
82.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处修饰mission,用非谓语动词,mission与involve构成主动关系,用现在分词作后置定语。故填involving。
83.考查介词。句意:57岁的景海鹏少将在北京举行的新闻发布会上说:“与不同的机组成员一起飞行,我感到特别高兴,这是第一次包括一名飞行员、一名工程师和一名有效载荷专家。”for the first time为固定短语,意思为:第一次。故填for。
84.考查冠词。句意同上。此处conference为特指,应用定冠词。故填the。
85.考查表语从句。句意:我们严格遵循我们的锻炼和饮食计划,这就是为什么我们的身体和精神状况都非常好。is后为表语从句,从句主要成分完整,表示“……的原因”,用连接副词why。故填why。
86.考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰形容词good用副词exceptionally“非常”作状语。故填exceptionally。
87.考查名词。句意:飞行工程师朱杨柱说,他的主要职责是组装和维护空间站的设备,最大的挑战是确保在5个月的任务期间“日常操作中零错误”。空处作主语,用名词responsibility“责任”,结合were可知,名词为复数。故填responsibilities。
88.考查非谓语动词。句意:桂海潮教授说,作为第一位进入中国自己的空间站并在太空进行科学研究的平民宇航员,他感到非常自豪。空处修饰the first civilian astronaut,出现the first,空处用不定式作后置定语。故填to enter。
89.考查形容词。句意同上。空处修饰research,用形容词scientific“科学的”作定语。故填scientific。
90.考查动词时态。句意:他说:“自2003年以来,中国宇航员一步一步稳步前进,将以更大的勇气和智慧探索实现更大的梦想。”空处作谓语,结合since 2003,句子用现在完成时,主语为复数。故填have advanced。
【航空航天10】(2024·安徽·二模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China Mobile, the world’s largest telecom carrier by mobile subscribers, has successfully launched the world’s first satellite 91 (test) 6G architecture, marking a milestone in its efforts to explore integrated space and ground communication technology.
The low-earth orbit test satellite is 92 world’s first to employ 6G design architecture, and it 93 (launch) on Saturday along with another satellite that comes with China Mobile’s 5G technology.
The 6G test satellite hosts a distributed autonomous architecture for 6G, 94 was jointly developed by China Mobile and the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Innovation Academy for Microsatellites. The system, using domestic software and hardware, supports in-orbit software reconstruction, flexible deployment of core network functions and automated management, 95 (enhance) the efficiency and reliability of the in-orbit operation of the satellite core network, China Mobile said.
Set at an orbit 96 (high) of approximately 500 kilometers, these 97 (experiment) satellites offer advantages such as low latency (延迟) and high data transfer rates 98 (compare) with high-orbit satellites which travel at 36,000 kilometers.
Positioned 99 a crucial platform for future integrated space and ground networks, low-earth orbit satellites can address telecom signal coverage gaps in land mobile networks, providing higher bandwidth satellite internet services 100 (global), according to China Mobile.
【答案】
91.to test 92.the 93.was launched 94.which 95.enhancing 96.height 97.experimental 98.compared 99.as 100.globally
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。世界上移动用户最多的电信运营商中国移动成功发射了世界上第一颗测试6G架构的卫星,标志着其探索空间和地面综合通信技术的努力具有里程碑意义。
91.考查非谓语动词。句意:世界上移动用户最多的电信运营商中国移动成功发射了世界上第一颗测试6G架构的卫星,标志着其探索空间和地面综合通信技术的努力具有里程碑意义。名词由序数词修饰,后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to test。
92.考查冠词。句意:这颗低地球轨道测试卫星是世界上第一颗采用6G设计架构的卫星,它于周六与另一颗搭载中国移动5G技术的卫星一起发射。序数词前用定冠词the。故填the。
93.考查时态语态。句意:这颗低地球轨道测试卫星是世界上第一颗采用6G设计架构的卫星,它于周六与另一颗搭载中国移动5G技术的卫星一起发射。主语与谓语构成被动关系,根据后文on Saturday可知发生在过去,用一般过去时的被动语态,谓语用单数。故填was launched。
94.考查定语从句。句意:6G测试卫星承载了一个分布式的6G自主架构,由中国移动和中国科学院微卫星创新研究院共同开发。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词a distributed autonomous architecture for 6G,关系词在从句作主语,指物。故填which。
95.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国移动表示,该系统采用国产软硬件,支持在轨软件重构、核心网功能灵活部署和自动化管理,提高了卫星核心网在轨运行的效率和可靠性。enhance与system构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填enhancing。
96.考查名词。句意:这些实验卫星的轨道高度约为500公里,与轨道高度为36000公里的高轨道卫星相比,具有低延迟和高数据传输速率等优势。作介词的宾语,应用名词height,不可数。故填height。
97.考查形容词。句意:这些实验卫星的轨道高度约为500公里,与轨道高度为36000公里的高轨道卫星相比,具有低延迟和高数据传输速率等优势。修饰名词satellites应用形容词experimental。故填experimental。
98.考查非谓语动词。句意:这些实验卫星的轨道高度约为500公里,与轨道高度为36000公里的高轨道卫星相比,具有低延迟和高数据传输速率等优势。短语be compared with表示“与……相比”,此处过去分词作状语。故填compared。
99.考查介词。句意:中国移动表示,作为未来空间和地面综合网络的关键平台,近地轨道卫星可以解决陆地移动网络的电信信号覆盖缺口,在全球范围内提供更高带宽的卫星互联网服务。短语be positioned as表示“作为”。故填as。
100.考查副词。句意:中国移动表示,作为未来空间和地面综合网络的关键平台,近地轨道卫星可以解决陆地移动网络的电信信号覆盖缺口,在全球范围内提供更高带宽的卫星互联网服务。修饰动词providing应用副词globally。故填globally。
【航空航天11】(2024·上海奉贤·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The First Space Cat
In a few weeks, space scientists will celebrate a remarkable event — the 60th anniversary of the launch of the first cat into space, an astronautical success that has never been repeated.
In the early 60s, dogs and monkeys were the animals usually used by scientists to find out exactly 101 dangerous the conditions were in outer space. And they were also used to assess if humans 102 survive trips beyond the edge of Earth’s atmosphere.
A total of 14 street cats 103 (gather) at France’s space agency for selection as cat astronauts, but the cats were not given names on purpose in order to prevent scientists from becoming too fond of them. The cat selected to travel to space was simply known 104 C341. C341 flew on a French rocket in October 1963, taking it to a place 105 no cat had gone before.
Then, 106 the news of its flight was announced on 18 October 1963, the French press decided this cat had to have its name. They picked “Felix” after a cartoon cat character, only 107 (discover) that C341 was female, so her name was then adjusted to “Felicette” as a result. In putting Felicette in one of its rockets, France added a new species to the list of animals that scientists 108 (send) into space before. Previously, two garden spiders, Anita and Arebella, had been taken to the Skylab 109 (orbit) around the moon.
“In the 60s, 110 (concern) about the possible danger for a human to be in outer space, scientists and engineers primarily undertook animal space flights to see if they suffered or their lives were threatened by the weightlessness or increased radiation or other effects they might experience up there,” said astronomer Jake Foster at the Royal Observatory Greenwich. “The fact that they did not fail paved the way for humans to begin journeys into space.”
【答案】
101.how 102.could 103.were gathered 104.as 105.where 106.after 107.to discover 108.had sent 109.orbiting 110.concerned
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了第一只太空猫的相关情况。
101.考查宾语从句。句意:上世纪60年代初,科学家们通常用狗和猴子来探测外太空的危险程度。引导宾语从句,此处从句表示“多么危险”应用how dangerous。故填how。
102.考查情态动词。句意:它们还被用来评估人类是否能在地球大气层边缘以外的旅行中生存下来。后跟动词原形,根据上文were可知表示“能够”应用could。故填could。
103.考查时态语态。句意:法国航天局共挑选了14只流浪猫作为猫宇航员,但为了防止科学家们过于喜欢它们,这些猫没有被命名。主语与谓语构成被动关系,根据后文were可知为一般过去时的被动语态,谓语用复数。故填were gathered。
104.考查介词。句意:被选中去太空旅行的猫被简单地称为C341。短语be known as表示“被称为”。故填as。
105.考查定语从句。句意:1963年10月,C341乘坐法国的一枚火箭飞到了一个以前没有猫去过的地方。定语从句修饰先行词place,在从句作地点状语,用where。故填where。
106.考查状语从句。句意:1963年10月18日,在它飞行的消息公布后,法国媒体决定给这只猫取个名字。引导时间状语从句,表示“在……之后”应用after。故填after。
107.考查非谓语动词。句意:他们选择了卡通猫的名字“Felix”,却发现C341是雌性,因此她的名字被调整为“Felicette”。此处为only to do sth.,不定式作结果状语。故填to discover。
108.考查时态。句意:在将Felicette放入其中一枚火箭后,法国在科学家之前送入太空的动物名单上增加了一个新物种。此处从句表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时。故填had sent。
109.考查非谓语动词。句意:此前,两只花园蜘蛛,安妮塔和阿雷贝拉,已经被带到绕月轨道运行的太空实验室。分析句子结构可知orbit与逻辑主语Skylab构成主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。故填orbiting。
110.考查非谓语动词。句意:格林尼治皇家天文台的天文学家杰克•福斯特说:“上世纪60年代,由于担心人类在外太空可能面临的危险,科学家和工程师主要对动物进行了太空飞行,看看它们是否会因失重或辐射增加或其他可能受到的影响而受到伤害或生命受到威胁。”短语be concerned about表示“担心”,此处过去分词作状语。故填concerned。
【航空航天12】(2023·安徽·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
A grand exhibition kicked off on Friday at the National Museum in Beijing 111 (mark) 30 years of China’s manned space program.
The exhibition features models of China’s newly 112 (complete) space station, its famous Long March carrier rockets, future models for China’s lunar missions and historical memorabilia to tell the story of three decades of 113 (innovate) and development.
“We hope the exhibition will pass our passion 114 the cause to more people. And now in the new era, Chinese people will explore even 115 (far) and contribute to all humankind with our quest,” said Hao Chun, director of China Manned Space Agency, at the opening ceremony of the exhibition.
He added that the Chinese people had consistently worked to achieve new advances and breakthroughs in space exploration 116 1992 when the program started. “And in recent years we 117 (work) to build the China Space Station, making our previous China’s ‘three-step’ dream 118 reality,” he said. China’s next-generation carrier rocket has a thrust of over 2,600 tonnes, three times more than the Long March-5B carrier rocket, according to Zhang Zhi, the chief designer of the vehicle from China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology.
The Long March-5B is 119 (current) the most powerful heavy-lift launch vehicle in China, 120 is responsible for transporting the core module and two lab modules for China’s space station. “The academy is also developing a reusable rocket for low-Earth orbit transportation,” Zhang added. The exhibition will run for three months.
【答案】
111.to mark 112.completed 113.innovation 114.for 115.further 116.since 117.have worked 118.a 119.currently 120.which
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了周五,一场盛大的展览在北京国家博物馆开幕,以纪念中国载人航天计划30周年。
111.考查动词不定式。句意:周五,一场盛大的展览在北京国家博物馆开幕,以纪念中国载人航天计划30周年。分析句子可知,此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语,满足句意要求。故填to mark。
112.考查非谓语动词。句意:此次展览展出了中国新建成的空间站模型、著名的长征运载火箭模型、中国探月任务的未来模型以及历史纪念品,讲述了中国三十年来的创新和发展。分析句子可知,此处为非谓语动词作定语,complete和space station为被动关系,所以为过去分词形式作定语。故填completed。
113.考查名词。句意:此次展览展出了中国新建成的空间站模型、著名的长征运载火箭模型、中国探月任务的未来模型以及历史纪念品,讲述了中国三十年来的创新和发展。分析句子可知,本空作介词of的宾语,和and连接的development保持并列。故填innovation。
114.考查介词。句意:我们希望这次展览能将我们对这一事业的热情传递给更多的人。passion后加介词for,表示“对……的热情”。故填for。
115.考查形容词比较级。句意:现在在新时代,中国人将进一步探索,并通过我们的探索为全人类做出贡献,”中国载人航天署主任郝春在展览开幕式上说。根据句意以及空前even可知,此处为形容词比较级形式,even修饰比较级,表示抽象意义上的“进一步”。故填further。
116.考查连词。句意:他补充说,自1992年该计划启动以来,中国人民一直致力于在太空探索方面取得新的进展和突破。根据句意以及本句谓语为完成时可知,此处为连词since表示“自从”,一般加时间点,满足句意要求。故填since。
117.考查动词时态。句意:他说:“近年来,我们一直在努力建设中国空间站,使我们以前的中国‘三步走’梦想成为现实。”根据in recent years时间状语可知,此处动词为现在完成时,结合主语we可知,为动词的复数形式。故填have worked。
118.考查冠词。句意:他说:“近年来,我们一直在努力建设中国空间站,使我们以前的中国‘三步走’梦想成为现实。”分析句子可知,此处为固定短语“make…a reality”意为“把……变成现实”,满足句意要求。故填a。
119.考查副词。句意:长征五号已是目前中国最强大的重型运载火箭,负责运送中国空间站的核心模块和两个实验室模块。由副词修饰形容词可知,此处为副词currently修饰形容词the most powerful。故填currently。
120.考查定语从句。句意:长征五号已是目前中国最强大的重型运载火箭,负责运送中国空间站的核心模块和两个实验室模块。分析句子可知,此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词The Long March-5B在从句中作主语成分。故填which。
【航空航天13】(2024·四川德阳·模拟预测)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
China ramps up space ambitions with record launch schedule
China has ambitious plans for its space industry in 2024, with 121 (approximate) 100 launch missions scheduled, according to the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp (CASC), the nation’s leading space contractor. The announcement of this record-high number of launch plans 122 (make) during a news conference in Beijing on Monday.
CASC will be responsible for nearly 70% of the planned missions, 123 (arrange) over 290 spacecrafts into orbit, said Ma Tao, deputy head of the company’s space program planning department. Notable spaceflights for the year include two 124 (crew) journeys and two unmanned missions to the Tiangong space station.
Experts highlight that 125 (significant) mission in 2024 will be Chang’e 6, tasked with bringing back 126 first-ever samples from the little-known far side of the moon. The majority of planned 127 (launch) will be conducted by CASC’s Long March rocket family, with additional ones by the company’s secondary rocket series named Smart Dragon, China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp’s Kuaizhou fleet, and several models from private companies.
In 2023, China was the second-ranking country in terms of launch numbers, having carried 128 67 rocket launching missions, with 47 conducted by the Long March rocket family, all of 129 were successful.
The company laid 130 (emphasize) on its contionuous efforts in the research, development and construction of over 200 spacecrafts to be launched in the coming years.
【答案】
121.approximately 122.was made 123.arranging 124.crewed 125.the most significant 126.the 127.launches 128.out 129.which 130.emphasis
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了中国以创纪录的发射计划提升太空探索的雄心。
121.考查副词。句意:据中国领先的航天承包商中国航天科技集团公司(CASC)称,中国对2024年的航天工业有雄心勃勃的计划,计划进行大约100次发射任务。副词approximately作状语。故填approximately。
122.考查时态语态。句意:这一创纪录数量的发射计划是周一在北京的新闻发布会上宣布的。根据“on Monday”可知,本句为一般过去时,主语The announcement为单数,与谓语make为被动关系。故填was made。
123.考查非谓语。句意:中国航天科技集团公司航天工程规划部副部长马涛表示,该公司将负责近70%的计划任务,安排290多艘航天器进入轨道。空处为非谓语动词,CASC与arrange为主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填arranging。
124.考查形容词。句意:今年值得注意的太空飞行包括两次载人旅行和两次前往天宫空间站的无人飞行任务。形容词crewed“载人的”作定语修饰名词journeys。故填crewed。
125.考查最高级。句意:专家强调,2024年最重要的任务将是嫦娥6号,它的任务是从鲜为人知的月球背面带回第一批样本。根据句意,表示最重要的,用最高级the most significant。故填the most significant。
126.考查冠词。句意:专家强调,2024年最重要的任务将是嫦娥6号,它的任务是从鲜为人知的月球背面带回第一批样本。表示“第一批”,序数词前的冠词为the。故填the。
127.考查名词。句意:大多数计划发射将由中国航天科技集团公司的长征系列火箭进行,其他发射将由该公司的二级火箭系列“智能龙”、中国航天科工集团的“快舟”火箭以及一些私营公司的型号进行。launch为可数名词,所以The majority of在本句中后接名词复数。故填launches。
128.考查介词。句意:2023年,中国完成67次火箭发射任务,其中长征系列火箭发射47次,全部成功,发射次数居世界第二。carry out “实施”为固定短语,符合句意。故填out。
129.考查定语从句。句意:2023年,中国完成67次火箭发射任务,其中长征系列火箭发射47次,全部成功,发射次数居世界第二。先行词为67 rocket launching missions,作of的宾语,关系代词为which。故填which。
130.考查名词。句意:该公司强调其在未来几年将发射的200多艘航天器的研究、开发和建造方面的持续努力。lay emphasis on“强调”为固定短语。故填emphasis。
【航空航天14】(2023·河北邯郸·三模)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists have proposed several objectives for a future international lunar research station, 131 (include) moon-based Earth observation and lunar resource utilization (利用), the China Science Daily 132 (report) on Friday.
Zou Yongliao, head of the lunar and deep space exploration division of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, revealed the goals at a recent 133 (nation) space conference. China plans 134 (establish) a basic model for a lunar research station based on two planned exploration missions by 2028, and 135 (subsequent) expand it into an international one.
According to Zou, as scientists continue to develop the blueprint for the research station, they have already made progress by coming up 136 specific objectives for science and application. These objectives mainly involve studying the moon’s evolution (进化), exploring star formation and 137 (activity), and observing the sun and Earth from the moon.
Zou also mentioned the 138 (perform) of scientific experiments, like growing plants on the lunar surface, and the utilization of lunar resources, such as moon minerals 139 solar energy. The scientist noted that the moon is still the “main field” of deep space exploration and the construction of an international lunar research station was 140 historical necessity.
【答案】
131.including 132.reported 133.national 134.to establish 135.subsequently 136.with 137.activities 138.performance 139.and 140.a
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了科学家们为未来的国际月球研究站提出了几个目标,包括月球对地观测和月球资源利用。
131.考查介词。句意:据《中国科学报》周五报道,科学家们为未来的国际月球研究站提出了几个目标,包括月球对地观测和月球资源利。根据句意,此处用including“包括”构成介词短语作状语,故填including。
132.考查动词时态。句意同上。分析句子可知,report作谓语,由时间状语on Friday可知,用一般过去时,故填reported。
133.考查形容词。句意:中国科学院月球与深空探测部主任邹永辽在最近的一次全国航天会议上透露了这些目标。修饰名词用形容词作定语,故填national。
134.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国计划在2028年之前建立一个基于两次计划探测任务的月球研究站的基本模型,随后将其扩展为一个国际研究站。plan后接不定式作宾语,故填to establish。
135.考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词用副词作状语,故填subsequently。
136.考查介词。句意:邹说,随着科学家们继续制定研究站的蓝图,他们已经通过提出具体的科学和应用目标取得了进展。come up with“提出”,是固定短语,故填with。
137.考查名词。句意:这些目标主要包括研究月球的演化,探索恒星的形成和活动,以及从月球上观察太阳和地球。分析句子可知,此处用名词与star formation并列作宾语,activity是可数名词,前无限定词,应用复数,表泛指,故填activities。
138.考查名词。句意:邹还提到了科学实验的表现,比如在月球表面种植植物,以及月球资源的利用,比如月球矿物和太阳能。冠词修饰名词,作宾语,performance“表现”不可数名词,故填performance。
139.考查连词。句意:邹还提到了科学实验的表现,比如在月球表面种植植物,以及月球资源的利用,比如月球矿物和太阳能。根据句意,前后文是并列关系,用连词and,故填and。
140.考查冠词。句意:这位科学家指出,月球仍然是深空探索的“主要领域”,建设一个国际月球研究站是历史的需要。分析句子可知,此处泛指“一个历史需要”,用不定冠词,historical是以辅音音素开头的词,应用a,故填a。
【航空航天15】(2023·海南海口·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Recently, topics related to the movie The Wandering Earth Ⅱ have been trending upwards on Weibo, a popular Twitter-like social media platform in China, one 141 another. Many audiences show great interest in the details and science and technology that appeared in the movie and 142 number of scientists took the trouble 143 (analyze) the possibilities of related technologies in the movie, including space elevators and underground city life.
Wang Yuanzhuo, a research fellow at the Institute of Computing Technology of I the Chinese Academy of Sciences, even drew 144 (picture) to explain the science and technology theories 145 (present)in the movie to the young audience in simple language.
“I 146 (receive)many questions from my daughter and other kids concerning the movie in the past few weeks,” Wang Yuanzhuo, 147 is also one of the movie’s science consultants, wrote on Weibo.
According to him, the key to realizing space elevators is to find a super-strong material that can he used as the elevator cable. The material needs to have the ability to maintain good performance when it 148 (expose) to terrible conditions in space. But it might be long before space elevators could 149 (actual) become a reality. Still, the 150 (discuss) of this technology itself reflects the ambition of mankind in the research and development of material science.
【答案】
141.after 142.a 143.to analyze 144.pictures 145.presented 146.have received 147.who 148.is exposed 149.actually 150.discussion
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了电影《流浪地球2》中所呈现的科学技术理论和太空电梯的制作问题。
141.考查固定短语。句意:最近,与电影《流浪地球2》相关的话题在微博(中国流行的类似推特的社交媒体平台)上接连升温。短语one after another表示“一个接一个地”。故填after。
142.考查固定短语。句意:许多观众对电影中出现的细节和科学技术表现出极大的兴趣,许多科学家不厌其烦地分析了电影中相关技术的可能性,包括太空电梯和地下城市生活。短语a number of表示“许多……”。故填a。
143.考查非谓语动词。句意:许多观众对电影中出现的细节和科学技术表现出极大的兴趣,许多科学家不厌其烦地分析了电影中相关技术的可能性,包括太空电梯和地下城市生活。短语take the trouble to do sth.表示“不厌其烦做某事”。故填to analyze。
144.考查名词的数。句意:中国科学院计算技术研究所的研究员王元卓甚至用简单的语言为年轻观众绘图画解释了电影中所呈现的科学技术理论。picture为可数名词,前文没有冠词表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填pictures。
145.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国科学院计算技术研究所的研究员王元卓甚至用简单的语言为年轻观众绘画图解释了电影中所呈现的科学技术理论。分析句子结构可知present与逻辑主语the science and technology theories构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填presented。
146.考查时态。句意:“在过去的几周里,我收到了我女儿和其他孩子关于这部电影的很多问题,”这部电影的科学顾问之一王元卓在微博上写道。根据后文in the past few weeks可知用现在完成时,主语为I,助动词用have。故填have received。
147.考查定语从句。句意:“在过去的几周里,我收到了我女儿和其他孩子关于这部电影的很多问题,”这部电影的科学顾问之一王元卓在微博上写道。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Wang Yuanzhuo,从句缺少主语,指人,故填who。
148.考查固定短语。句意:这种材料需要有能力在太空中暴露在恶劣的条件下保持良好的性能。表示“暴露”短语为be exposed to,根据上文needs可知为一般现在时,主语为it,谓语用单数。故填is exposed。
149.考查副词。句意:但太空电梯真正成为现实可能还需要很长时间。修饰动词become应用副词actually,故填actually。
150.考查名词。句意:尽管如此,对这项技术的讨论本身反映了人类在材料科学研究和发展方面的雄心壮志。作主语,应用名词discussion,根据谓语reflects可知用单数。故填discussion。
【航空航天16】(2024·四川宜宾·二模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
European Space Agency astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti is back on Earth after spending months in orbit on the International Space Station.The Italian gets 151 (notice) in China after she quoted classic Chinese poetry 152 social media with a view of 153 Chinese capital from space.
Travelling around the Earth at about 28,000 kilometers per hour, 420 kilometers off the ground in the International Space Station (ISS) certainly 154 (give) us a unique perspective on our planet.
That view inspired Cristoforetti 155 (dive) into the Chinese classics as the ISS flew over parts of China. She quoted 4th-century poet Wang Xizhi’s Preface to poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion.The text 156 (accompany) by photos of China taken from the space station.
Cristoforetti speaks six languages including Chinese and has 157 (previous) taken part in joint training between the ESA and the China Manned Space Agency. It is hoped 158 ESA astronauts will cooperate with Chinese counterparts. With Cristoforetti having laid groundwork for that, ESA Director General Josef Aschbacher was full of praise for the 159 (talent) astronaut and positive about the cooperation of space 160 (explore).
【答案】
151.noticed 152.on 153.the 154.gives 155.to dive 156.was accompanied 157.previously 158.that 159.talented 160.exploration
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了欧洲航天局宇航员萨曼莎·克里斯托弗雷蒂在国际空间站轨道上待了几个月后返回地球。从太空俯瞰中国首都后,这位意大利人在社交媒体上引用中国古典诗词,这让她在中国引起了关注。
151.考查过去分词。句意:从太空俯瞰中国首都后,这位意大利人在社交媒体上引用中国古典诗词,这让她在中国引起了关注。此处为get done结构,主语Italian和notice是被动关系,故用过去分词。故填noticed。
152.考查介词。句意同上。根据句意以及空后的social media名词可知,此处为介词on的填入,构成on social media“在社交媒体上”,满足句意要求。故填on。
153.考查冠词。句意同上。由空后Chinese capital为专有名词可知,此处为定冠词the的填入。故填the。
154.考查动词。句意:在距离地面420公里的国际空间站(ISS)以每小时2.8万公里的速度环绕地球飞行,无疑让我们对我们的星球有了一个独特的视角。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语Travelling around the Earth为动名词短语,所以此处谓语动词为三单形式。故填gives。
155.考查动词短语。句意:当国际空间站飞越中国部分地区时,这一景色激发了克里斯托弗雷蒂对中国经典的钻研。分析句子可知,此处为动词短语inspire sb to do“激励某人做某事”,满足句意要求。故填to dive。
156.考查时态语态。句意:文中还附有从空间站拍摄的中国照片。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,主语The text和动词accompany为被动关系,结合上下文时态可知,为陈述过去发生的事情,所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填was accompanied。
157.考查副词。句意:克里斯托弗雷蒂会说包括中文在内的六种语言,此前曾参加过欧洲航天局和中国载人航天局的联合训练。由副词修饰动词可知,此处为副词previously修饰动词taken part in。故填previously。
158.考查固定句型。句意:希望欧空局宇航员能与中国同行合作。分析句子可知,此处为固定句型it is hoped that…“希望……”,that引导主语从句,在从句中不做成分,且没有意义。故填that。
159.考查形容词。句意:由于克里斯托弗雷蒂为此打下了基础,欧洲航天局总干事约瑟夫·阿施巴赫对这位才华横溢的宇航员大加赞赏,并对太空探索合作持积极态度。由空后astronaut为名词可知,此处用形容词talented“有天赋的”修饰该名词。故填talented。
160.考查名词。句意:由于克里斯托弗雷蒂为此打下了基础,欧洲航天局总干事约瑟夫·阿施巴赫对这位才华横溢的宇航员大加赞赏,并对太空探索合作持积极态度。由空前介词of可知,此处为名词exploration“探索”,构成名词短语space exploration“太空探索”,满足句意要求。故填exploration。
【航空航天17】(2024·四川成都·二模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Galactic Energy launched five satellites into orbit on Monday, boosting the private firm’s ambition to become the Chinese 161 (compete) to SpaceX. Galactic Energy’s Ceres-1 rocket lifted off Monday from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwestern China, sending five satellites into their 162 (intend) orbits. The mission marks the fifth launch of the Ceres-1 rocket-a small solid fuel orbital rocket designed 163 the company. So far, 19 satellites 164 (put) into space, setting a record for a private Chinese firm.
Galactic Energy conducted the first Ceres-1 launch on November 7, 2020, 165 makes it the second Chinese private company to launch a satellite into low Earth orbit successfully.
Some Chinese satellite launch providers 166 (current) are using small solid fuel rockets like Cerebrum others 167 (develop) or testing reusable liquid fuel rocket engines.
China’s commercial space industry has expanded rapidly since 2015, when the government began encouraging private companies 168 (enter) the space sector. Over the past few years, more than 170 private firms have entered the space industry, according to a 2020 research report by Future Space Research, 169 research institute based in Beijing.
The 170 (success) launch by the Chinese startup came on the same day that Virgin Orbit suffered failure on its first rocket launch from the United Kingdom.
【答案】
161.competitor 162.intended 163.by 164.have been put 165.which 166.currently 167.are developing 168.to enter 169.a 170.successful
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了中国的星河动力航天科技公司成功发射了多个卫星,创造了中国私营公司的记录。
161.考查名词。句意:星河动力周一发射了五颗卫星进入轨道,增强了这家私营公司成为SpaceX中国竞争对手的雄心。根据空前的Chinese可知,空处为名词形式,表示“竞争者”。故填competitor。
162.考查形容词。句意:星河动力公司的谷神星一号火箭星期一从中国西北部的酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空,将五颗卫星送入预定轨道。根据空后的名词orbits可知,空处为形容词,意为“预定的”。故填intended。
163.考查介词。句意:这次任务标志着该公司设计的小型固体燃料轨道火箭“谷神星-1”的第五次发射。表示“由……设计”,用介词by。故填by。
164.考查手套。句意:到目前为止,已经有19颗卫星被送入太空,创造了中国私营公司的记录。根据时间状语so far可知,本句时态为现在完成时;主语为19 satellites,复数,和动词put之间存在被动关系。故填have been put。
165.考查定语从句。句意:星河动力于2020年11月7日首次发射谷神星一号,这是中国第二家成功将卫星送入近地轨道的民营企业。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行词为主句一句话,在非限制性定语从句中担当主语,所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
166.考查副词。句意:一些中国卫星发射供应商目前正在使用像“大脑”这样的小型固体燃料火箭,其他公司正在开发或测试可重复使用的液体燃料火箭发动机。担当时间状语用副词形式。故填currently。
167.考查时态。句意:一些中国卫星发射供应商目前正在使用像“大脑”这样的小型固体燃料火箭,其他公司正在开发或测试可重复使用的液体燃料火箭发动机。根据上句可知,本句用现在进行时;主语为others,复数,和develop之间存在主动关系。故填are developing。
168.考查非谓语动词。句意:自2015年政府开始鼓励私营企业进入太空领域以来,中国的商业航天产业迅速扩张。encourage sb. do sth.鼓励某人做某事。非谓语动词担当encourage的宾语补足语,用动词不定式。故填to enter。
169.考查冠词。句意:总部位于北京的研究机构未来空间研究在2020年发布的一份研究报告显示,在过去几年里,有170多家私营企业进入了太空行业。此处表示修“一份研究报告”,饰可数名词单数,泛指,用不定冠词。故填a。
170.考查形容词。句意:就在这家中国初创公司成功发射的同一天,维珍轨道公司在英国的首次火箭发射中遭遇失败。修饰名词launch用形容词形式。故填successful。
【航空航天18】(23-24高三上·贵州毕节·期末)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Kjell Lindgren wanted to be an astronaut for as long as he could remember. He spent much of his childhood abroad with his family on several U. S. Air Force 171 (base). “The idea of becoming an astronaut by serving as an Air Force test pilot seemed like the path 172 I needed to follow,” says Lindgren.
Lindgren’s hopes of becoming an astronaut, though, would come to 173 sudden stop when he was diagnosed with asthma (哮喘), a serious disease, after 174 (graduate) from the U. S. Air Force Academy. The Air Force decided to 175 (medical) fire him.
So Lindgren came to a medical school, eventually specializing in emergency medicine. As part of his training, he 176 (test) for asthma again. This time, the tests said that he didn’t have the condition. Lindgren was 177 (please) because his dreams of spaceflight returned.
Lindgren worked as a flight doctor at NASA, treating crews that were preparing for spaceflight. Then, in 2009, he was selected as a NASA astronaut. Since then, Lindgren 178 (fly) into space twice. On his trip aboard the International Space Station in 2022, he served as the commander for SpaceX Crew 4 179 170 days. Lindgren is now a member of the Artemis Team, a group of scientists and astronauts working together 180 (send) people back to the Moon in 2024.
【答案】
171.bases 172.that/which 173.a 174.graduating 175.medically 176.was tested 177.pleased 178.has flown 179.for 180.to send
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。克杰尔·林德格伦是美国国家航空航天局宇航员队伍中的一名重要成员。文章主要介绍了他成为一名宇航员的曲折经历。
171.考查名词复数。句意:他童年的大部分时间都和家人在国外的几个美国空军基地度过。此空前的several说明此空应该用复数形式。故填bases。
172.考查定语从句。句意:林德格伦说:“当一名空军试飞员,成为一名宇航员的想法似乎是我需要遵循的道路。”定语从句修饰先行词path,关系词在从句中作宾语,指物。故填that/which。
173.考查冠词。句意:然而,从美国空军学院毕业后,林德格伦被诊断出患有严重的哮喘,他成为一名宇航员的希望戛然而息。stop在这里作可数名词单数,前面应该用不定冠词,且sudden是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
174.考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,从美国空军学院毕业后,林德格伦被诊断出患有严重的哮喘,他成为一名宇航员的希望戛然而息。介词after后面应该用动词-ing形式。故填graduating。
175.考查副词。句意:空军决定从医学角度解雇他。修饰动词fire,应用副词medically。故填medically。
176.考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:作为训练的一部分,他再次接受了哮喘检查。he和test之间是被动关系,此件事情发生在过去,因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was tested。
177.考查形容词。句意:这一次,检查结果显示他没有这种情况。林德格伦很高兴,因为他的太空飞行梦想又回来了。主语是Lindgren,此处表示“Lindgren感到高兴”,因此用-ed形式的形容词作表语。故填pleased。
178.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:从那以后,林德格伦两次进入太空。此句中的时间状语Since then说明此空应该用现在完成时。主语是Lindgren,是第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has flown。
179.考查介词。句意:在2022年登上国际空间站的旅程中,他担任了170天的SpaceX Crew 4指挥官。表示过去的一段时间内应用介词for。故填for。
180.考查非谓语动词。句意:林德格伦现在是阿尔忒弥斯团队的成员,这是一个由科学家和宇航员组成的团队,他们共同努力,在2024年将人类送回月球。此处动词不定式作状语表示目的。故填to send。
【航空航天19】(2024·江苏南通·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China Mobile, the world’s largest telecom carrier by mobile subscribers, has successfully launched the world’s first satellite to test 6G architecture, 181 (mark) a milestone in its efforts to explore integrated space and ground communication technology.
The low-earth orbit test satellite is the world’s first to employ 6G design architecture, and it 182 (launch) on Saturday along with another satellite that comes with China Mobile’s 5G technology.
The 6G test satellite 183 (host) a distributed autonomous architecture for 6G, which was jointly developed by China Mobile and the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Innovation Academy for Microsatellites. The system, using domestic software and hardware, supports in-orbit software reconstruction, flexible deployment of core network functions 184 automated management, enhancing the efficiency and 185 (reliable) of the in-orbit operation of the satellite core network, China Mobile said.
Set at an orbit height of approximately 500 kilometers, these experimental satellites offer advantages such as low latency and high data transfer rates 186 (compare) with high-orbit satellites 187 travel at 36,000 kilometers.
Positioned as 188 crucial platform for future integrated space and ground networks, low-earth orbit satellites can address telecom signal coverage gaps in terrestrial mobile networks, providing higher bandwidth satellite internet services 189 (systematic), according to China Mobile.
China Mobile said 190 plans to conduct in-orbit experiments based on these test satellites, accelerating the integration and development of space-to-ground technology industries.
【答案】
181.marking 182.was launched 183.hosts 184.and 185.reliability 186.compared 187.which/that 188.a 189.systematically 190.it
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国移动成功发射了世界首颗6G测试卫星,采用分布式自主架构,支持在轨软件重构和灵活部署,提供低延迟和高数据传输速率。这颗卫星位于低地球轨道,可弥补信号覆盖空白,为未来集成空地网络提供关键平台。计划基于这些测试卫星进行在轨实验,推动空地技术产业发展。
181.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国移动,全球最大的移动通信运营商,成功发射了世界首颗用于测试6G架构的卫星,标志着其探索集成空间和地面通信技术的努力取得了重要进展。分析句子,句中has launched为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓语动词,此处“成功发射了世界首颗用于测试6G架构的卫星”该事件与mark之间是主动关系,故使用现在分词作状语。故填marking。
182.考查动词时态和语态。句意:这颗低地球轨道测试卫星是世界上第一颗采用6G设计架构的卫星,它于周六与另一颗搭载中国移动5G技术的卫星一起发射。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,句中on Saturday表示动作发生在过去,故使用一般过去时。同时it指代前文的The low-earth orbit test satellite,其与launch之间是被动关系,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was launched。
183.考查动词时态。句意:6G测试卫星承载了一个分布式的6G自主架构,由中国移动和中国科学院微卫星创新研究院共同开发。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,句子表述客观事实,故使用一般现在时,主语是单数,应用第三人称单数形式。故填hosts。
184.考查连词。句意:中国移动表示,该系统采用国产软硬件,支持在轨软件重构、核心网功能灵活部署和自动化管理,提高了卫星核心网在轨运行的效率和可靠性。分析句子,此处in-orbit software reconstruction与 flexible deployment of core network functions与后文的automated management构成并列关系,应用并列连词and。故填and。
185.考查名词。句意:同上。分析句子,设空处使用reliable的名词reliability作宾语,意为“可靠性”,不可数。故填reliability。
186.考查非谓语动词。句意:这些实验卫星的轨道高度约为500公里,与运行在36000公里的高轨道卫星相比,它们具有低延迟和高数据传输速率等优势。分析句子,句中offer为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓语动词。同时,these experimental satellites与compare之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词作后置定语,表示被动关系。故填compared。
187.考查定语从句。句意:同上。分析句子,设空处引导的是限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,修饰先行词high-orbit satellites ,为物,故使用that或者which。故填that或which。
188.考查冠词。句意:中国移动表示,作为未来空间和地面综合网络的关键平台,低地球轨道卫星可以解决地面移动网络的电信信号覆盖缺口,系统地提供更高带宽的卫星互联网服务。分析句子,句中platform为可数名词,此处表示泛指,故设空处使用不定冠词。同时其修饰词crucial首字母为辅音音素,应用a。故填a。
189.考查副词。句意:同上。分析句子,设空处使用systematic的副词systematically作状语,修饰动词,意为“系统地”。故填systematically。
190.考查代词。句意:中国移动表示,计划在这些测试卫星的基础上进行在轨实验,加快空间对地面技术产业的融合和发展。分析句子,句中缺少主语,故使用代词,此处指代China Mobile。故填it。
【航空航天20】(2024·河北沧州·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China launched a remote-sensing satellite for Earth observation, according to China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, 191 said in a news release that the Gaofen 12D was carried by a Long March 4C rocket that lifted off at 1:45 am at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center and 192 (success) arrived in its orbit.
Remote-sensing satellites refer to those 193 (task) with observing, surveying and measuring objects on land or at sea as well as monitoring weather. Developed by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology, the Gaofen 12D 194 (equip) with microwave payloads and its data will be used in land mapping, urban planning, agricultural yield forecasting, and disaster prevention.
China launched the Gaofen program in May 2010 and listed it 195 one of the 16 national important projects in science and technology. By now, the program has established a massive space-based system with more than 30 satellites in 196 (act) service. Images and data from the Gaofen satellites have been widely used at thousands of research bodies and enterprises in dozens of 197 (industry) across China and have helped reduce the country's 198 (depend) on foreign remote-sensing products.
The Long March 4C rocket, also 199 product of the Shanghai-based academy, has a liftoff weight of 250 metric tons, and is mainly used to send satellites to sun-synchronous orbit. It is capable of 200 (transport) satellites with a combined weight of 3 metric tons to a typical sun-synchronous orbit 700 kilometers above the Earth.
【答案】
191.which 192.successfully 193.tasked 194.is equipped 195.as 196.active 197.industries 198.dependence 199.a 200.transporting
【导语】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国发射的一颗名为“高分12D”的地球观测卫星。
191.考查定语从句。句意:据中国航天科技集团公司称,中国发射了一颗用于地球观测的遥感卫星,该公司在一份新闻稿中表示,高分12D由长征四号丙火箭运载,于凌晨1点45分在酒泉卫星发射中心发射,成功进入轨道。分析句子结构,此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词是逗号前面整句话,指代事物,用关系代词which引导从句,在从句中作主语。故填which。
192.考查副词。句意:据中国航天科技集团公司称,中国发射了一颗用于地球观测的遥感卫星,该公司在一份新闻稿中表示,高分12D由长征四号丙火箭运载,于凌晨1点45分在酒泉卫星发射中心发射,成功进入轨道。修饰动词arrived应用副词successfully,作状语。故填successfully。
193.考查非谓语动词。句意:遥感卫星是指执行对陆地和海上物体进行观测、测量和监测天气的卫星的任务。该句的谓语动词是refer,且无连词,空处应用非谓语动词,动词task与名词those之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。be tasked with表示“执行……任务,被授予……任务”。故填tasked。
194.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:上海航天技术研究院研制的高分12D配备了微波有效载荷,其数据将用于土地测绘、城市规划、农业产量预测和灾害预防。分析句子可知,空处应为该句的谓语动词。根据动词refer和句意可知,此处应用一般现在时。equip与主语the Gaofen 12D之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态。主语是单数,be动词使用is。故填is equipped。
195.考查介词。句意:中国于2010年5月启动了“高分计划”,并将其列为16个国家科技重大专项之一。list…as…“将……列为……”为固定搭配。故填as。
196.考查形容词。句意:到目前为止,该计划已经建立了一个庞大的天基系统,拥有30多颗现役卫星。修饰名词service应用形容词active,作定语。故填active。
197.考查名词复数。句意:高分卫星的图像和数据已被中国数十个行业的数千家研究机构和企业广泛使用,并帮助减少了中国对外国遥感产品的依赖。根据dozens of可知,空处应用名词复数作宾语。故填industries。
198.考查名词。句意:高分卫星的图像和数据已被中国数十个行业的数千家研究机构和企业广泛使用,并帮助减少了中国对外国遥感产品的依赖。根据country's可知,空处应用名词dependence,不可数,作宾语。故填dependence。
199.考查冠词。句意:长征四号丙火箭也是上海研究院的产品,发射重量为250公吨,主要用于将卫星送入太阳同步轨道。此处product为可数名词单数,应用不定冠词表泛指,所连接的单词product的发音以辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。
200.考查非谓语动词。句意:它能够将总重量为3公吨的卫星运送到距地球700公里的典型太阳同步轨道。be capable of doing sth“能够做某事”为固定句式,动名词作宾语。故填transporting。
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