Welcome unit Discovering Useful Structures课堂精练 -2024-2025学年高一英语上学期课堂精练（人教版2019必修第一册）

人教版（2019）必修第一册Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structures 课堂精练 1、 判断下列句子属于八种基本句型中的哪一种(共8小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分20分) 1. We are making our country more and more beautiful. 2. That kind of thing won’t happen. 3. The machine is drilling a hole. 4. There were a lot of people present at the meeting. 5. He looked unhappy at that time. 6. He lost the money on his way home. 7. Mr. Wang taught us English last year. 8. The time passed quickly. 2． 单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) 1.He took 　　　　(note) in class so that he could revise after school.  2.There are several talented people in that 　　　　(organize).  3.It is important to balance the use of 5G and R&D of 6G, as long-term 　　　　(strategy) are needed to develop both technologies.  4.The situation 　　　　(improve) much better during the last few months.  5.There once 　　　　(be) a poor farmer who had four sons.  6.Those women found 　　　　(ask) for a pay rise very difficult.  7.Our goal is 　　　　(make) enough money to keep the business going.  8.Being curious 　　　　the world is the greatest motivation in learning.  9.Keeping 　　　　diary in English is not so difficult as some students imagine.  10.I am looking forward to 　　　　(visit) my grandparents during the Spring Festival holiday.  三、阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分20分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项 (A 、B 、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。B A When I was ten years old, I went to the US to visit some family friends. We travelled all the way from California to Las Vegas. I noticed something funny about the way everyone spoke English. I was thinking, “This is the way they speak in films!” At the beginning of the holiday, one of my friends asked me if I wanted to order “French fries.” I couldn’t imagine what French fries were. What was fried and French?! Snails? Cheese? She was amazed that I had never tried them and she ordered a portion for us to share. When the waiter brought us some chips, I asked her where the French fries were. She pointed to the plate of chips! Later that week she said she was going to buy some “chips” from the supermarket. She came out with a packet of crisps! During that holiday we were also offered “biscuits and gravy” with our lunch. This was a very strange idea to me, because in England biscuits are sweet. Gravy is a salty, meat-based sauce. I later realized that “biscuits” in America are savoury snacks. What we call “biscuits,” they call “cookies.” One day, I saw an “eggplant” pizza on the menu in a restaurant! Eggs do not grow on plants, I thought. What on earth could an “eggplant” be? Something eggy and leafy? My dad ordered this pizza and it was covered in aubergines. I asked him where the “eggplant” was. He laughed and pointed to the aubergines. He told me, “They call this ‘eggplant’ in America!” Although the same “language” may be spoken in different countries, there are likely to be many differences, not just in vocabulary but also in spelling, grammar and pronunciation! I think part of the excitement of learning a language is discovering the differences in how it is spoken in different places. 1．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A．Holiday is a good time to relax. B．French fries are popular worldwide. C．The waiter provided poor service. D．Chips and crisps are the same food. 2．Where does the author most probably come from? A．America. B．France. C．England. D．Italy. 3．How did the author feel when seeing an “eggplant” pizza on the menu? A．Excited. B．Regretful. C．Anxious. D．Confused. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Advantages of travelling. B．High-end restaurants. C．Food and tradition. D．Cross-cultural misunderstanding. B In the west of the Greek capital Athens, the fish market of Keratsini is busy early in the morning, with trucks waiting nearby to be loaded with fishes. But on his fishing boat, Arapakis sorts out something different—bottles, boots, plastic pipes and fishing nets, all dragged from the bed of the Aegean Sea. “We are swimming in plastic,” said Arapakis, whose family has fished for five generations. “By 2050, there will be more plastic than fish in the sea,” he said, as recent reports noted. That morning’s plastic catch weighed “about 100 kilograms,” said the founder of Enaleia, a nonprofit that encourages fishermen to collect marine (海洋的) waste caught in their nets. Since its establishment in 2018, it has worked with more than 1,200 fishermen in Greece to raise concern over the degradation of the marine environment. Active in 42 ports throughout Greece, Enaleia provides fishermen with large bags for marine waste that they can put in garbage cans once back at port. For every kilogram of plastic they deliver, they receive a small amount of money, which is enough for a drink. Since October, fishing crews have dragged out 20 metric tons of plastic and old fishing equipment each month. Nearly 600 tons have been collected over the last five years. The collected plastic is transported to a recycling plant in the industrial area of Megara near Keratsini, to make new products such as socks, swimwear or furniture. Arapakis said he went about the cleanup project after a trip to Greece’s Cyclades islands, where he saw fishermen throwing the waste gathered by their nets back into the sea. Arapakis is convinced there has been a “mentality change” among Greece’s fishermen. “Previously we caught large quantities of plastic, but we only kept the fish. All waste was thrown into the sea,” said Mokharam, team leader on the Arapakis family’s boat. “The project brings practical benefits for fishing boats. In the past, the anchor was often caught by waste, especially nets, and the engine would go out. But now things have changed,” he added. 5．What can we learn about Arapakis from the first 2 paragraphs? A．He was a successful fish trader. B．He collected waste from the sea. C．He liked swimming in the sea. D．He had a large family to support. 6．What does the underlined word “degradation” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Impact. B．Worsening. C．Improvement. D．Research. 7．What will most probably happen to the collected waste in the end? A．It will be sold at a high price. B．It will be exchanged for food. C．It will be thrown back into the sea. D．It will be well dealt with for reuse. 8．What can we infer from Mokharam’s words? A．Fishing is a tough job for fishermen. B．The sea in Greece is seriously polluted. C．He thinks highly of the cleanup project. D．He still feels ashamed for fishermen’s behavior. 四、完形填空(共15小题：每题2分, . 满分30分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C和 D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。 For the past four years I had been having up to 30 seizures (癫痫发作) a day. It made me 1 a lot. Despite 2 visits to hospitals, no doctor could tell me the cause of it. At night, my family had to check on me just in case I wasn’t 3 . So I could never be in a room alone and as a 21-year-old young man, I was finding the lack of 4 getting me down. One day, my friend Kerri asked if I wanted an assistance dog. I knew there were guide dogs for the 5 , but I wasn’t sure how a dog could help me. A few days later, Kerri told me she’d done some search and found a company “Dogs For Life”. From the website of the company, I 6 that they teach dogs to smell a chemical change in the body and 7 people when a seizure is about to 8 . Soon after, I 9 Baloo, a dog trained by Dogs For Life. It sat silently in the corner. As I sat down, Baloo suddenly 10 and jumped on me. Minutes later, I had a seizure. It had 11 the chemical changes in my body and tried to warn me. It was by my side until the 12 came. Instantly, I knew it was a good 13 for me, and I took her back home. It’s 14 my life more than a handful of times and I couldn’t be more 15 for it. 1．A．think B．hide C．suffer D．learn 2．A．personal B．countless C．formal D．impressive 3．A．sleeping B．working C．replying D．breathing 4．A．warmth B．fun C．safety D．independence 5．A．deaf B．blind C．injured D．elderly 6．A．wrote B．learnt C．overheard D．planned 7．A．warn B．attract C．follow D．hit 8．A．burn out B．break in C．come on D．drop by 9．A．saved B．addressed C．met D．invited 10．A．rose B．lay C．struggled D．played 11．A．sensed B．caused C．touched D．cried 12．A．action B．attack C．guide D．help 13．A．boss B．teacher C．partner D．listener 14．A．risked B．stopped C．kept D．saved 15．A．thankful B．anxious C．excited D．patient 五、语法填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分) Tom was a freshman in high school. Before the new term started, he 1 (picture)the school life many times in his mind. On the first day, he woke up early and hurried to the new school in his 2 (eager). There were few people in the campus. Tom 3 (look)at the noticeboard when a white-haired man approached and talked to him. And later he was surprised 4 (find) the old man was his English teacher. In the first English class, the teacher asked them to introduce 5 (they)to the class. The teacher introduced himself first, 6 Tom was too nervous to notice this. He just thought about 7 he could say to leave a good impression on his new classmates and teacher. When 8 (introduce)his name, Tom found everyone started laughing because he had the same name as his teacher. Mr Tom told them it wasn’t easy to speak in public and encouraged them to keep calm in the face of 9 (challenge)and be prepared for them. Tom felt more confident about his future. “Well begun, half done.” Tom thought that was 10 good beginning to his new school life. 答案 判断下列句子属于八种基本句型 1. S V O C 2. S V 3. S V O 4. There be...结构 5. S P 6. S V O A 7. S V IO DO 8. S V A 单句语法填空 1.notes　2.organization　3.strategies　4.has improved　5.was　6.asking　7.to make　8.about 9.a　10.visiting 阅读理解 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在十岁时去美国游玩的经历，在游玩期间，作者在美国经历了英式英语和美式英语在词汇、拼写、语法和发音上的不同。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Later that week she said she was going to buy some “chips” from the supermarket. She came out with a packet of crisps!(那周晚些时候，她说她要去超市买一些“chips”。她拿着一包crisps出来了！)”可知，chips和crisps是同一种食物。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据第三段“This was a very strange idea to me, because in England biscuits are sweet.(这对我来说是一个非常奇怪的想法，因为在英国饼干是甜的)”可推知，作者来自英国。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“What on earth could an “eggplant” be? Something eggy and leafy?(“茄子”到底是什么？有鸡蛋和叶子的东西？)”可知，当看到菜单上的“茄子”披萨时，作者感到困惑。故选D。 7．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Although the same “language” may be spoken in different countries, there are likely to be many differences, not just in vocabulary but also in spelling, grammar and pronunciation! I think part of the excitement of learning a language is discovering the differences in how it is spoken in different places.(虽然同一种“语言”可能在不同的国家说，但很可能存在许多差异，不仅在词汇上，而且在拼写、语法和发音上！我认为学习一门语言的兴奋之处在于发现不同地方说这种语言的差异)”结合文章讲述了作者在十岁时去美国游玩的经历，在游玩期间，作者在美国经历了英式英语和美式英语在词汇、拼写、语法和发音上的不同。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是跨文化误解。故选D。 8．B 9．B 10．D 11．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了希腊首都雅典西部的一个渔市场，以及该地区渔民们在捕捞过程中遇到的海洋垃圾问题。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段“But on his fishing boat, Arapakis sorts out something different—bottles, boots, plastic pipes and fishing nets, all dragged from the bed of the Aegean Sea.(但是在他的渔船上，Arapakis整理了一些不同的东西——瓶子、靴子、塑料管和渔网，都是从爱琴海的海床上拖出来的)”以及第二段““We are swimming in plastic,” said Arapakis, whose family has fished for five generations. “By 2050, there will be more plastic than fish in the sea,” he said, as recent reports noted.(“我们在塑料中游泳，”Arapakis说，他的家族已经有五代人在捕鱼。正如最近的报道所指出的那样，他说：“到2050年，海洋中的塑料将比鱼还多。”)”可知，这两段主要讲述了Arapakis从海里收集废物。故选B项。 9．词句猜测题。根据前文“That morning’s plastic catch weighed “about 100 kilograms,” said the founder of Enaleia, a nonprofit that encourages fishermen to collect marine (海洋的)waste caught in their nets.(Enaleia是一家鼓励渔民收集渔网捕获的海洋垃圾的非营利组织，该组织的创始人说，那天早上捕获的塑料重“约100公斤”)”可知，海洋中的垃圾很多，所以海洋环境现在是在恶化，推知degradation意为“恶化”，和B项意思相近。故选B项。 10．细节理解题。根据第四段“The collected plastic is transported to a recycling plant in the industrial area of Megara near Keratsini, to make new products such as socks, swimwear or furniture.(收集到的塑料被运送到位于Keratsini附近的Megara工业区的一家回收厂，用于制造袜子、泳衣或家具等新产品)”可知，收集的废物最终将被很好地处理以重用。故选D项。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Arapakis is convinced there has been a “mentality change” among Greece’s fishermen. “Previously we caught large quantities of plastic, but we only kept the fish. All waste was thrown into the sea,” said Mokharam, team leader on the Arapakis family’s boat. “The project brings practical benefits for fishing boats. In the past, the anchor was often caught by waste, especially nets, and the engine would go out. But now things have changed,” he added.(Arapakis确信，希腊渔民的“心态发生了变化”。“以前我们捕获了大量的塑料，但我们只保留了鱼。所有的垃圾都被扔进了海里，”Arapakis船上的领队Mokharam说。“该项目为渔船带来了实际利益。在过去，锚经常被废物，特别是网缠住，引擎会熄火。但现在情况变了。”)”可知，Mokharam认为该项目为渔船带来了实际利益，所以他对清理工程评价很高。故选C项。 完形填空 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．A 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者经常犯癫痫病，但是没有医生能找出病因，这让作者很痛苦，直到有一天，他遇到了一只能感觉到人体内的化学变化，并对人发出警告的狗Baloo，作者把Baloo带回了家，此后Baloo多次救了作者的命，他对它感激不尽。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我很痛苦。A. think思考；B. hide隐藏；C. suffer(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦；D. learn学习。根据上文“For the past four years I had been having up to 30 seizures (癫痫发作) a day.”及常识可知，这种情况会让人很受苦。故选C。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管去了无数家医院，但没有医生能告诉我病因。A. personal个人的；B. countless无数的；C. formal正式的；D. impressive令人印象深刻的。根据上文“For the past four years I had been having up to 30 seizures (癫痫发作) a day.”及下文“no doctor could tell me the cause of it.”可知，因为经常犯病，所以去了无数家医院看病，但是没有找到病因。故选B。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚上，我的家人不得不检查我，以防我没有呼吸。A. sleeping睡觉；B. working工作；C. replying答复；D. breathing呼吸。根据上文“For the past four years I had been having up to 30 seizures (癫痫发作) a day.”及“At night, my family had to check on me just in case”可知，这种经常犯癫痫病，家人晚上检查他，是为了防止他晚上犯病，从而导致没有了呼吸。故选D。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我永远不能独自待在一个房间里，作为一个21岁的年轻人，我发现缺乏独立性让我很沮丧。A. warmth温暖；B. fun乐趣；C. safety安全；D. independence独立性。根据上文“So I could never be in a room alone”可知，作者永远不能独自待在一个房间里，所以此处指缺乏独立性让他很沮丧。故选D。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道有导盲犬为盲人服务，但我不确定狗怎么能帮助我。A. deaf聋的；B. blind盲的；C. injured受伤的；D. elderly年老的。根据上文“I knew there were guide dogs”及常识可知，导盲犬是为盲人服务的。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从这家公司的网站上，我了解到他们教狗嗅出体内的化学变化，并在癫痫即将发作时警告人们。A. wrote写；B. learnt了解；C. overheard无意中听到；D. planned计划。根据下文“that they teach dogs to smell a chemical change in the body and 　　7　　 people when a seizure is about to 　　8　　.”可知，此处是作者了解到的事情。故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从这家公司的网站上，我了解到他们教狗嗅出体内的化学变化，并在癫痫即将发作时警告人们。A. warn警告；B. attract吸引；C. follow跟随；D. hit命中。根据上文“that they teach dogs to smell a chemical change in the body”及下文“It had 　　11　　 the chemical changes in my body and tried to warn me.”可知，此处指这些狗发现危险时，会警告人们。故选A。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：从这家公司的网站上，我了解到他们教狗嗅出体内的化学变化，并在癫痫即将发作时警告人们。A. burn out烧坏；B. break in闯入；C. come on(疾病、头疼)开始；D. drop by顺道拜访。根据上文“when a seizure is about to”可知，此处指癫痫即将发作。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，我遇到了Baloo，一只由“生命之犬”训练的狗。A. saved保存；B. addressed演讲；C. met遇到；D. invited邀请。根据下文“Baloo, a dog trained by Dogs For Life. It sat silently in the corner.”可知，作者遇到了一只名叫Baloo的狗。故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我坐下时，Baloo突然站起来，向我扑来。A. rose站起；B. lay铺设；C. struggled挣扎；D. played演奏。根据上文“It sat silently in the corner.”及下文“jumped on me”可知，开始的时候Baloo是坐着的，此处指Baloo突然站起来，向作者扑来。故选A。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它感觉到了我体内的化学变化，并试图警告我。A. sensed感觉；B. caused引起；C. touched触摸；D. cried哭。根据上文“From the website of the company, I 　　6　　 that they teach dogs to smell a chemical change in the body and 　　7　　 people when a seizure is about to 　　8　　.”可知，这些狗能感觉到人体内的化学变化，并对人发出警告。故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在救援到来之前，它一直在我身边。A. action行动；B. attack攻击；C. guide引导；D. help援助。根据上文“Minutes later, I had a seizure.”及常识可知，作者的癫痫病发作了，这只狗一直在他身边，直到救援到来。故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻意识到这对我来说是个好搭档，于是我把她带回家了。A. boss老板；B. teacher教师；C. partner搭档；D. listener听众。根据上文“It was by my side until the 　　12　　 came.”及下文“and I took her back home.”可知，作者意识到这只狗是他的一个好搭档，所以把这只狗带回家了。故选C。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它多次救了我的命，我对它感激不尽。A. risked冒险；B. stopped停止；C. kept保管；D. saved搭救。根据下文“my life more than a handful of times”可知，这只狗多次救了作者的命。故选D。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它多次救了我的命，我对它感激不尽。A. thankful感恩的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. excited兴奋的；D. patient耐心的。根据上文“It’s 　　14　　 my life more than a handful of times”可知，这只狗多次救了作者的命，所以他很感激它。故选A。 语法填空 1．had pictured 2．eagerness 3．was looking 4．to find 5．themselves 6．but##yet 7．what 8．introducing 9．challenges 10．a 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲的是Tom高中第一天的经历。 1．考查动词时态。句意：在新学期开始之前，他曾多次在脑海中描绘学校生活。空处应填谓语动词，由时间状语Before the new term started可知动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had pictured。 2．考查名词。句意：第一天，他起得很早，急切地赶往新学校。由句意及空前的in his可知应填名词形式eagerness，作宾语， in his eagerness为介词短语作状语。故填eagerness。 3．考查动词时态。句意：Tom正在看布告栏，这时一个白发老人走过来和他说话。空处为谓语动词，由由句意及when a white-haired man approached and talked to him.可知此处为be doing sth. when...“过去某个时刻正在做某事这时……”，空处用过去进行时。主语为单数。故填was looking。 4．考查不定式。句意：后来他惊奇地发现那个老人是他的英语老师。由句意及空前的he was surprised可知应填不定式to find，作原因状语。故填to find。 5．考查反身代词。句意：在第一堂英语课上，老师让他们向全班做自我介绍。由句意及空前的the teacher asked them to introduce可知应填反身代词themselves，作宾语。故填themselves。 6．考查连词。句意：老师先做了自我介绍，但孟浩太紧张了，没有注意到。空前后语义上为转折关系，应用表示转折的转折连词but/yet。故填but/yet。 7．考查名词性从句。句意：他只是在想说些什么才能给新同学和新老师留下好印象。由句意及空前的He just thought about可知此处为宾语从句的引导词，从句缺少say的宾语，表示“……的事情”，应用连接代词what。故填what。 8．考查状语从句的省略。句意：当介绍自己的名字时，Tom发现大家都笑了起来，因为他和老师的名字一样。此处为时间状语从句的省略，在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句的谓语动词中含有be动词的各种形式，则省略从句主语和be动词，主句主语Tom与introduce之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动。故填introducing。 9．考查名词。句意：Tom老师告诉他们，在公众面前讲话并不容易，并鼓励他们在面对挑战时保持冷静，做好准备。由句意及空前的in the face of可知此处应填名词形式，challenge“挑战”为可数名词，此处表示各种挑战，应用复数形式，作宾语。故填challenges。 10．考查冠词。句意：Tom认为这是他新学校生活的一个良好开端。由句意及空后的good beginning可知，表示泛指，意为“一个好的开端”，good以辅音音素开头，此处用不定冠词a。故填a。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$