Unit1同步讲义2024-2025学年沪教版英语七年级上册

Dictation 重点词组表达 1.会说话的灯 2.尝试帆板运动 3.从事园艺 4.去攀岩 5.参演戏剧 6.在屋顶上 7.孩子们手脚并用地爬上攀岩墙。 8.树叶的颜色随着季节变化。 9.我对这项新技术非常好奇。 10.要当消防员一定要很勇敢。 11.加入学校社团 12.喜欢搭模型 13.3D 打印社团 14.屋顶园艺社团 15.提高园艺技能 16.去野营 17.各种各样的植物 18.照顾植物 19.挨饿 20.是什么促使你加人演讲社团的? 21.你说的“屋顶园艺”是什么意思? 22.我想学习如何种土豆。 1. 7A U1同步与提高 Part 1 单词 words 1. magazine /mægə'zi:n/ n.杂志 【提示】当我们说某篇文章或信息在杂志上时，用in a magazine,指的是这 篇文章或信息是杂志内容的一部分。这时不能用on a magazine。 He read an interesting story in a magazine.他在杂志上读到一则有趣的故事。 2. test /test/ v.测试；检测 The company wanted to test their new car.这家公司想要检测新车。 【提示】test也可以用作名词，表示“测试；测验；检测”。 Did you get a good mark in the test?你在考试中取得好成绩了吗? The doctor told me to have a blood test.医生让我做个血液检测。 3. try windsurfing 尝试帆板运动 windsurf /'windss:f/ v.做帆板运动 【提示】windsurfer 表示“帆板”或“帆板运动员”。 【提示】注意区分： try to do 表示努力或尽力做某事，但可能会遇到困难或 失败。 I'm trying to learn French,but it's very difficult.我正在努力学习法语，但这非常困难。 try doing 表示“尝试做……”,常指尝试新鲜的事物或方法。 The Browns decided to try living in New York for half a year.布朗一家人 决定在纽约住上半年试试。 4. Feeling /fi:liŋ/ n.感受 【提示】常见的短语为a feeling of/feelings of。 I have a terrible feeling of guilt.我有一种强烈的内疚感。 【联想】feel v.觉得；感到；体会到(常用作系动词) She didn't feel safe walking alone in the dark street.她在黑暗的街道上独 自行走时感到不安全。 5. brave /breiv/ adj.勇敢的 It was brave of you to speak in front of so many people.能在那么多人面 前讲话，你真勇敢。 【联想】bravery n.勇敢 The firefighter's bravery saved many lives. 消防员的英勇拯救了许多 生命。 6. challenge /'tʃælindʒ/ n.挑战 I love the physical challenge of climbing.我喜欢攀岩带来的体能挑战。 【提示】可以用face/meet a challenge 表示“面临或迎接一个挑战”,用a big/huge challenge 表示“一个很大的挑战”。 【联想】challenging adj.有难度的；具有挑战性的 This job is very challenging, but it's really rewarding.这份工作很具挑战 性，但真的很有回报。 7. traffic light 交通灯 traffic /'træfik/ n.交通 There isn't much traffic on the road.路上交通不拥堵。 【提示]traffic 为不可数名词；可以用much traffic、heavy traffic等表示“交 通很拥堵”;名词短语traffic jam 的意思是“交通堵塞”。 8. printing /'printiŋ/ n.印刷；打印 Who was the inventor of the printing technology?谁是印刷术的发明者? 【联想】print v. 打印 printer n.打印机 My printer ran out of ink,so I couldn't print my report.我的打印机没墨 了，所以我不能打印我的报告了。 9. build /bild/ v.制作；搭建 build a 3D house造一幢3D模型房子 My father is going to build me a doll's house.我爸将给我搭建一个玩偶屋。 【联想】building n.建筑物；房屋 10. improve /im'pru:v/ v.改善；改进 You can improve your English by keeping an English diary.你可以通过记英语日记的方式提高英语水平。 I hope the weather will improve next week.我希望下周天气能变好。 【联想】improvement n.改善；改进 I see a big improvement in my grades.我看到我的成绩有了很大提高。 11. camp /kæmp/ v.露营 go camping 去露营 We'll camp by the river for the night.我们晚上会在河边露营。 【提示】camp 还可以用作名词，表示“营地”或“度假营”。 如：summer camp 夏令营 winter camp 冬令营 Let's go back to camp —it's getting dark.我们回营地吧，天要黑了。 12. sticker /'stikə(r) /n.贴纸 Children get stickers for good work. 孩子们表现好，就能得到贴纸。 Put stickers on your suitcase so that you can recognize it easily.在你的行李 箱上贴上标签，这样你很容易就能认出它来。 【联想】stick(stuck,stuck)v.粘贴 n.木棍；棍棒；拐杖 Someone stuck posters all over the walls.有人把海报贴满了墙。 They collected sticks to start the fire.他们找了些木棍来生火。 Aunt Polly walks with a stick.波利阿姨拄着拐走路。 13. power /'paʊə(r)/ v.驱动；提供能源；提供动力 The machine is powered by four engines.这台机器是由四个引擎驱动的。 【提示】power 也可以作名词，有“能源；影响力；权力”等意思。如： solar power 太阳能 the power of his writing 他的写作的影响力 He came to power in 1958.他在1958年执政。 【联想】powerful adj.强有力的；力量大的 He gave a powerful speech.他发表了一场有力的演讲。 14. renewable /ri'njurəbl/ adj.可再生的 Wind power is a renewable source of energy.风能是一种可再生能源。 【提示】renewable的词根是new (新的);后缀-able 表示“可……的”,如 countable(可数的)、washable(可清洗的);前缀re-表示“又；再”,如reuse (再利用)、review(复习；再看一遍)。 renewable energy 指“可再生能源”,主要包括太阳能、水能、风能、潮汐能 等。这种能源在自然界可以循环再生，是取之不尽、用之不竭的，不需要人 力参与便会自动再生，是相对于会穷尽的非再生能源的一种能源。 15. discuss /di'skʌs/ v.讨论 If you want to discuss the problem,please call me. 如果你想讨论这个问 题，请打电话给我。 She discussed the idea with her parents. 她和父母讨论了这个想法。 【联想】discussion n.讨论 Let's have a discussion about our favourite books. 我们来讨论最喜欢的书吧。 16. everywhere /levriweə(r)/ adv.到处 I've looked everywhere but I can't find the dictionary. 我到处找，但还是找不到那本词典。 17. impossible /im'ppsəbl/ adj.不可能的 The noise made sleep impossible. 吵闹声让人不可能入睡。 It is impossible to finish the work in one day. 一天内完成这项工作是不可能的。 【联想】possible adj.可能的 Computers make it possible for people to work from home. 电脑让居家办公成为可能。 18. fail /feɪl/ v.失败 fail to do sth.未能做某事 Doctors failed to save the girl's life. 医生没能挽救女孩的生命。 【提示】fail 还有“考试不通过、不及格”的意思，如: fail the driving test(驾照 考试不及格),fail in Maths(数学不及格)。 【联想】failure n.失败；挫折；不及格 He is not very good at dealing with failure.他不太能应对挫折。 19. troublesome /'trʌblsəm/ adj.令人烦恼的；麻烦的 Tim is a troublesome kid. 蒂姆是个总惹麻烦的孩子。 Managing money is troublesome to me. 对我来说，理财是一件麻烦事。 -some 是一个形容词后缀，用来形成表示“具有……性质/特征”的形容词。如 ： awesome (令人敬畏的),lonesome (孤独),tiresome(令人疲倦的)。 【联想】trouble n.麻烦；问题；困难 v. 使忧虑；使烦恼；打扰 We're having trouble with money these days. 这阵子我们有金钱方面的问题。 I have no trouble finding her house. 我毫不费力就找到了她的房子。 Sorry to trouble you,but could you tell me the time? 对不起打扰您一下，请问几点了? 20. luckily /'Iʌkili/ adv.幸好 Luckily the museum was not damaged by the earthquake. 幸好，博物馆没有 被地震毁坏。 【提示】luckily 为句子副词，修饰整个句子。 【联想】fortunately adv.幸好 Fortunately, everything was all right in the end. 幸好，最后一切顺利。 【联想】lucky adj.幸运的 luck n.运 气 21. excitedly /ik'saitidli/ adv.兴奋地 Mary was talking to her friend excitedly. 玛丽正在和朋友兴奋地说话。 【联想】excited adj. 兴奋的；激动的 常见搭配有：be excited about sth.(对某事充满兴奋),be excited to do sth. (兴奋地做某事)。如： The students are excited about the field trip to the museum. 学生们对去博 物馆的实地考察充满了兴奋。 When we get home,our pet dog is always excited to see us. 当我们到家时，我们的宠物狗看到我们总是很激动。 22. countless /'kauntləs/ adj.无数的；数不尽的 I have warned you countless times about the safety problem.我已经无数次 地提醒你注意安全问题了。 【提示】词根为动词 count, 表示“数；计数”,同根词还有countable(可数 的)、uncountable(不可数的)等。 -less在英语中是一个形容词后缀，主要用来表示否定意义，意为“没 有……的”“缺乏……的”“免于……的”等。如：careless(粗心的), fearless(无畏的),homeless(无家可归的),hopeless(无望的),helpless(无 助的),breathless(无法呼吸的)。 23. separate /'sepərert/ v.隔开；分离 The lighthouse is separated from the land by a wide channel. 灯塔与陆地 被一条宽阔的水道隔开。 The teacher separated the students into four groups. 老师将学生分为四组。 【提示】separate也可以作形容词，表示“不同的；分开的”。 The twins live in separate rooms. 这对双胞胎分别住在不同的房间。 24. succeed /sək'sird/ v.成功 I was very glad that my plan succeeded. 我的计划成功了，我很高兴。 【联想】fail v.失败 【提示】succeed in doing 成功地做某事，相当于manage to do。 Sarah succeeded in losing 10 pounds in one month. 莎拉成功地在一个月 之内减重10磅。 【联想】success n.成功 successful adj.成功的 The film was a great success. 这部电影大获成功。 I think she'll be successful as a photographer. 我认为她将成为成功的摄影师。 25. hopefully /'həupfəli/ adv.有希望地 Hopefully,I'll be back home by ten o'clock. 我有希望在10点前回到家。 【提示】hopefully 表示“有希望地”时，是句子副词，用于修饰整个句子。 也可以表示“充满希望地”。 “Will we be all right?”he asked hopefully.“ 我们会没事的吧?”他充满希 望地问。 【联想】hopeful adj.抱有希望的；满怀希望的 Emily is hopeful about making new friends at school. 艾米丽对在学校结交 新朋友充满希望。 26. away /ə'wei/ adv.离开；(距……)远 Sarah is away on holiday. 莎拉正外出度假。 The office is a half-hour drive away. 从这儿到办公室开车去要半小时。 【提示】away from是常用介词短语，表示“离开；离……远”,后跟名词或 代词。 She is sitting ten feet away from me. 她正坐在离我十英尺远处。 take away 拿走 take away =remove Take away these chairs/Take these chairs away—we don't need them. 把这些椅子拿走——我们用不着。 【提示】take away 与代词连用时，代词只能放中间。 I can't eat any more,thanks —you can take it away now. 我再也吃不下 东西了，谢谢——现在你可以把它拿走。 词转 1．It is necessary for us students the listening ability. (improve) 2．The (building) here are tall and beautiful. 3．There was a terrible traffic accident this morning. (lucky), nobody was badly hurt. 4．We are all happy at the (excite) news. 5．After his with the book, he wrote another popular one. (succeed) 6． is the mother of success. Keep up your courage, and you’ll succeed. (fail) 7．It’s for my aunt to be a teacher, because she dislikes children. (possible) 8．Would you like (come) to my office (discuss) the report? 9．Think carefully while reading and we’ll have a further about the topic. (discuss) 10．I think their (discuss) is useless. 11．I like reading the book very much and I (renew) it in a week. 12．Her wet clothes (stick) to her body because of the sudden rain just now. 13．Would you like to go with us? (camp) 14．What do you like about (camp)? 15． (camp) is an interesting outdoor activity. 16．The factories will (build) on the moon and other planets. 17．A bridge should (build) over the river. 18．Our school (build) a small sports hall last term. 19．Tom has already (build) a house on the island. 20．She is (luck) enough to pass the driving test. 21．— Sherry, it’s 10 p.m. now. It’s time for bed. — I (print) the mind map. I need it tomorrow. 22．Yesterday, he (challenge) me to a tennis game. 23．Sometimes life is filled with (sad). Whatever happens, we should face it bravely. 24．Many things can affect our (feeling). 25．Tom (feel) like he is a bird when he goes out of the classroom. 26．I like reading music magazines and I often buy (they) in the bookshop near my house. 27．I have a that we are going to win. (feel) 28．Going cycling with friends at weekends gives Tony a (feel) of great happiness. 29．At last, sound effects must be added (separate). 30．Let’s (count) down together, ten, nine, eight, seven… 31．Peter regrets wasting much time playing computer games because he (fail) his exam. 32．They arrived at the party together, but I think they left (separate). 33．There are stars in the sky. (count) 34．It is said that he (succeed) passed the test through hard work. 35．The news that the Chinese player won first prize in the important game is (excite). 36．I (count) the books twice. 37．He wanted to reach the top of the mountain and he (succeed) in the end. 38．Never give up. Nothing is (possible) as long as you try your best. 39．Peter will (possible) go on to Hang Kong University next year. 40．It would be for us to finish the work in such a short time. (possible) 41．It’s for us to live in the space because there is no air in it. (possible) 42．Our monitor wants to have a (discuss) about the sports meeting with us. 43．They are having a (discuss) about the party. 44．Some experts （test）for pollution in the water at the moment and the result will come out soon. 45．At the meeting, we (discuss) when we would go camping. 46．The plan for holding a class meeting this Friday is still under (discuss). 47．If you want to keep the book for a longer time, (renew) it. 48．We should study hard to build our motherland into a strong and (power) country. 49．English is a (power) tool for you to connect to the outside world. 50．We are lucky to live in such a (power) country. 51． , my brother passed his driving test last week. (lucky) 52．The media has a influence on public opinion. But we must have a mind of our own.（power） 53．We were influenced deeply by the (power) speech. 54．I spent half a day (stick) the photos on the wall. 55．He is a stubborn (固执的) man, and he (stick) his own decision all the time. 56．The nurse (stick) the needle into his arm after he hurt hand. 57．—Would you like to go (camp) with us? —Sure, I’d love to. 58．I never fail in English （test）because I’m good at it and I’m careful enough. 59．Doing sports is an important way of people’s health. (improve) 60．Reading aloud is (help) to the students who want to improve their English. 61．She’s putting a lot of work into (improve) her physics. 62．For the coming vacation, why not consider (improve) your study? 63．Here are some tips on (improve) your English. 64．My math learning needs a great (improve) this term. 65．We are surprised at Xiao Ming’s (improve) in English. 66．Keeping a diary is a good way (improve) our writing skills. 67．There are two tall (build) in front of the lake. 68．The Spring Buds Project (build) a lot of schools for the poor children during the past five years. 69．Robinson has already cut down trees and (build) a house. 70．In Nanning, the Metro Line 3 (build) now. 71．There are many people in this (build). They are hard-working. 72．Our school (build) two more teaching buildings two years ago. 73．The Palace Museum is one of the most ancient (building) in China. 74．He (print) a little sheep on his T­shirt yesterday. 75．—I phoned you yesterday morning, but you were not in. —I (print) the file in my mother’s office. 76．I saw him (print) an article when I walked past his room yesterday. 77．Would you mind (print) these photos for me? 78．Mary saw him (print) something when she walked past the office. 79．Because of heavy traffic jams, it is to get to the meeting on time. (possible) 80．Kevin Ross to a chess game if he has the chance.(challenging) 81．Our government (confidence) says that we have the ability to face the challenge of the trade war between China and the US. 82．Finding children for their kids to play with has been the most (challenge) task for a modern family. 83．You’d better face the challenges (brave) rather than run away from them. 84．Teachers often encourage us to face the (challenge) bravely in life. 85．The difficulties will be overcome as long as you face them enough. (brave) 86．We’d better face challenges instead of running away from them. (brave) 87．Peter is a brave . (climb) 88．When we first visit another country, you may have a strange (feel). 89．The twins (be) fond of the new idea in the magazine article. 90．I pass the math exam! I have a strong (feel) of satisfaction. 91．I have many different kinds of . (magazine) 92．Running makes me (feel) happy and healthy. 93．The new magazines came out. (luck), I bought one last week. 94．Let’s go (windsurf). 95．He was very sad because he (fail) to pass the driving test again. 96．Get ready to enjoy (exciting) basketball game you’ve ever watched. 97．The islands are by a narrow strip of water. （separate） 98．True beauty isn’t in one’s looks but in one’s mind. It is inner (内心的) beauty that . (count) 99．Failure is the mother of , so don’t be afraid of failure. (succeed) 100．I am (amaze) by passing his driving test. Part 2 短语 phrases 1. member card 会员卡 2.The 3D printing club 3D打印社 3.build a 3D house 造一幢3D模型房子 4. improve my gardening skills 提高我的园艺技能 5. I like skating and camping. 我喜欢滑冰和露营。 6.I really love watching plants grow. 我真的很喜欢看着植物生长。 7.learn about 学习(关于……的知识等);了解；知道 8.all sorts of 各种各样的 9.care for 照料；照看 10.I'm getting hungry! 我饿了! 11. Put on a device 放在设备上 12. Take the layer away 将隔层拿走 Part 3 句子 Sentences 1. You will never go hungry if you join the roof gardening club!如果你加入屋顶 园艺社，你永远不会饿肚子! ...will ...if ...和 If ..,..will ...句型中的if表示“如果”,引导条件状 语从句，表示假设的情况。从句时态通常为一般现在时。 We will know what to do if Dad is here. 如果爸爸在的话，我们就知道该 怎么办了。 If it rains,we will stay at home. 如果下雨，我们就呆在家里。 2. It makes us warm and brings us renewable energy.它让我们感到温暖，并为我 们带来可再生能源。 3. We often discuss how wonderful it will be to collect and use solar energy everywhere.我们经常讨论，如果到处都能采集并使用太阳能，那将是多么美好的事情。 4.However, many people thought it was impossible.然而，许多人认为这是不可 能的。 此处的it指代上文提及的to collect and use solar energy everywhere(到处 采集并使用太阳能)这件事。 Computers make it possible for people to work from home. 电脑让居家办公 成为可能。 5. The solar panel is made of solar cells on a very heavy glass holder.太阳能电池 板由太阳能电池组成， be made of用……制作的 The shirt is made of cotton.这件衬衫是棉制的。 solar cell指“太阳能电池”,是一种能有效吸收太阳能，并将其转化成电能 的半导体部件，可作为人造卫星、晶体管收音机等的电源，无污染、寿命 长。cell 一词可以指“电池”,如fuel cell(燃料电池),lithium cell(锂电池) 等；也可以指“细胞”,如blood cells(血细胞)。 holder /'həuldə(r)/n.支托(或握持)……之物；持有人 candle holder 烛台 a passport holder 护照持有人 6. We failed many times to make it light,until pizza gave us an idea.我们多次尝 试使其变轻都失败了，直到比萨饼给了我们一个灵感。 【联想】failure n.失败；挫折；不及格 【提示】pizza常用作不可数名词。“一块比萨饼”可以用a slice/piece of pizza表达。 7.One night,we went for pizza after work and one of us got burnt by moving the pan.一天晚上，我们下班后去吃比萨饼，其中一个人挪动饼盘时被烫伤了。 go for pizza 去吃比萨饼 类似短语有：go for a drink(去喝一杯),go for a walk(去散个步)。 get burnt被烫伤 (1)burn(burnt/burned,burnt/burned) v.烫伤；燃烧；烧 I burned my hand on the oven door.我摸了炉门，烫伤了自己的手。 Parts of the building are burning. 大楼的部分区域在燃烧。 I burnt all the old letters.我把所有过去的信都烧了。 (2) get burnt中的get 是系动词，表示“遭受(某种不良情况)”; get 也可用作被动语态的构成。如get hurt(被伤害),get stolen(遭窃)等。 Pan /pæn/ n. 平底锅；盘 baking pan 烤盘 frying pan 煎锅 9. Luckily,we have a paper box to take the pizza home. 幸好，我们有一个纸盒可以把比萨饼带回家。 Luckily the museum was not damaged by the earthquake. 幸好，博物馆没有被地震毁坏。 【提示】luckily 为句子副词，修饰整个句子。 【联想】fortunately adv.幸好 10. “Paper box...Wait!”shouted someone else excitedly ,..“纸盒……等等!” 另一个人兴奋地喊道 …… 11. Why not put a layer between the holder and solar cells to separate them?为什么不在支架和太阳能电池之间加一层隔层将其分开呢? layer /'leiə(r)/n.层；层次 A layer of dust covered everything in the room. 屋里所有东西都蒙上了一层灰。 There are several layers of meaning in the story. 故事有多层含义。 12. After countless tries, we succeeded! 经过无数次的尝试，我们成功了! 【提示】词根为动词 count, 表示“数；计数”,同根词还有countable(可数 的)、uncountable(不可数的)等。-less在英语中是一个形容词后缀，主要用来表示否定意义，意为“没 有……的”“缺乏……的”“免于……的”等。如：careless(粗心的), fearless(无畏的),homeless(无家可归的),hopeless(无望的),helpless(无 助的),breathless(无法呼吸的)。 try 在此处用作名词，表示“尝试”,复数为tries。 I decided to have one last try.我决定试最后一次。 13. Hopefully,one day we can stick these solar cells to the sides of buildings,cars and bags.希望有一天，我们能把这些太阳能电池贴在建筑物、汽车和包的表面。 Part 4 语法 Grammar 考点1 简单句的基本成分 1. 主语 (subject)：一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。 Rome was not built in a day. 名词做主语 I love speaking English. 代词做主语 Learning English is important. 动名词做主语 2. 谓语 (verb): 说明主语“做什么”, “是什么”或者“怎么样”。谓语主要用动词。 We fly kites. 及物动词 Autumn arrives. 不及物动词 3. 宾语 (Object): 是指一个动作（动词）的接受者。宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类, 其中直接宾语指动作的直接对象, 间接宾语说明动作的非直接, 但受动作影响的对象。 He never forgives others for their mistakes. 名词作宾语 He often helps me. 代词做宾语 He likes to sleep in the open air. 不定式作宾语 3. 表语 (Predicative):表语是说明主语的身份, 性质, 特征和状态的词或从句, 表语常由名词, 形容词, 副词, 介词短语, 动名词, 不定式, 从句来充当, 它常位于系动词之后。 常见系动词： be动词 am / is / are 感官类 look, sound, taste, smell, feel 保持类 keep, stay, remain 变化类 turn, become, get, go, grow 表象类 seem, appear You look younger than before. 形容词作表语 My father is a teacher. 名词作表语 Everyone is here. 副词作表语 They are at the theatre. 介词短语作表语 4. 定语 (attribute): 是形容词性的, 是修饰名词或代词的。作定语的除形容词之外, 还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等 。    The black bike is mine. 形容词作定语 What’s your name? 代词作定语 They made some paper flowers. 名词作定语 The boys in the room are in Class Three, Grade One. 介词短语作定语 5. 状语 (adverbial)：是副词性的, 在句子中修饰动词、形容词或副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义, 通常由副词、介词短语或相当于副词的词或短语等来表示。 状语有：让步、伴随、条件、比较、目的、原因、时间、地点、方式状语 He did it carefully. 副词做状语 Without his help, we couldn’t work it out. 介词短语做状语 He sat there smoking. 分词做状语 6. 宾语补足语 (Object Complement): 某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语, 意思才完整, 宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。能够充当宾补的大致还有：不定式, 现在分词, 过去分词, 形容词, 副词, 介宾短语等。一般情况下, 宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。 If you let me go, I’ll make you king. 名词作宾补 Don’t make your hands dirty. 形容词作宾补 Make yourself at home. 介词短语作宾补 考点2五大基本句型 1 主+谓 （S+V) 这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同, 说明“某人或某物如何动作”, 或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。 如：Birds fly. 这里的fly是谓语动词, 这类句型中的谓语动词都是不及物动词。 2 主+谓+宾 （S+V+O) 这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同, 用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”, 或者说“某人或某物发出了动作, 并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。 如：Tom hit me. 这类句型中的谓语动词都是及物动词或者及物动词短语, 后面必须加宾语, 但只跟一个宾语。 3 主+谓+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（物） （S+V+IO+DO) 这一句型英汉语序结构相同, 说明“某人为谁（间接宾语为人）做某事”, 或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象, 其中一个间接对象为人, 另一个为物”。 e.g. He gave me a book / a book to me. 他给我一本书。 He offered me his seat / his seat to me. 他把座位让给我。 这类句型中的动词都为及物动词, 且跟双宾语, 即直接宾语（动作的承受者）和间接宾语（动作结果的涉及者） 。 注意下边动词改写后介词的变化： Mother bought me a book / a book for me. 妈妈给我买了一本书。 He got me a chair / a chair for me. 他给我弄了一把椅子。 Please do me a favor / a favor for me. 请帮我一下。 ※补充：常见跟双宾语的动词： 加to类：bring, give, lend, offer, pass, read, sell, take, tell, write 加for类：build, buy, cook, find, get, make, order, pick, save 4 主+系动词（谓）+表 (S+V+P） 这一句型用以说明“某人（某物、某事、某种概念）具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。常用的联系动词有be, keep, lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go, grow, turn, look, feel, seem, smell, sound, taste,等。 e.g. Tom is friendly. 这类句型中的动词都是系动词, 后面要加表语, 说明主语的状况, 性质, 特征等情况。 可担当表语的有形容词、名词、分词、介词短语。 5 主+谓+宾+宾补 （S+V+DO+OC) 这一句型说明“某人或某物要求（使、让）某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样” 如： Tom made me laugh. 这类句型中的动词都是及物动词, 后面跟一个宾语, 但句意仍不完整, 后面再跟一部分表示宾语的状态、特性、身份等, 这就是宾语补足语（OC)。 ※常见可以接宾补的动词： let / have / make sb. do sth. help sb. (to) do sth. ask / want / tell…sb. to do sth. see / hear / find…sb. do / doing sth. 【五大基本句型练习】 一、单选题 1. What does the underlined part in this sentence “Amy likes white dresses” stand for (代表)? A. subject B. object C. adverb D. object complement 2. What does the underlined part in this sentence “My mom gave me a red pocket” stand for (代表)? A. adverb B. subject C. indirect object D. direct object 3. In the sentence “They made some paper kites.”, which part stands for attribute (定语)? A. made B. some C. paper D. kite 4. The structure of the sentence “Mike has a little cat” is ______. A. S+V+O B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+P D. S+V+DO+OC 5. The structure of the sentence “He gives me a book.” is ______. A. S+V+O B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+P D. S+V+DO+OC 6. The structure of the sentence “She looks very tired” is ______. A. S+V+O B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+P D. S+V+DO+OC 7. The structure of the sentence “We should keep our city clean” is ______. A. S+V+O B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+P D. S+V+DO+OC 8. The structure of the sentence “He lets me do homework for him.” belongs to ______. A. S+V+P B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V D. S+V+DO+OC 9. The sentence structure of “Apples turn red” is ______. A. S+V B. S+V+P C. S+V+O D. S+V+DO+OC 10. The sentence structure of “Tom sits in the classroom” is ______. A. S+V B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+DO 11. The sentence structure of “Some of them were crying sadly.” is ______. A. S+V B. S+V+DO+OC C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+P 12. The sentence structure of “We will make her our monitor.” is ______. A. S+V B. S+V+DO+OC C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+P 13. “I ask them to come tomorrow.” It is a structure of ______. A. S+V B. S+V+DO+OC C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+P 14. The sentence structure of “The food smells delicious.” is ______. A. S+V+DO B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+P 15. We hear him singing in his room. The sentence structure is ______. A. S+V+O B. S+V+P C. S+V+DO+OC D. S+V+IO+DO 二、判断句子类别, 在括号里填上相应的序号 (A) S+V (B) S+V+O (C) S+V+P (D) S+V+IO+DO (E) S+V+DO+OC 1. You look beautiful. __________ 2. I love reading. __________ 3. The cat makes me happy. __________ 4. He often gives me some advice. __________ 5. She is dancing. __________ 6. I can hear him singing in the next door. __________ 7. You shouldn’t throw litter. __________ 8. He seems happy. __________ 9. I am reading an English book. __________ 10. She found an article interesting. __________ Part 5 课后练习 准确率: __________ 词转练习 1.We were amazed by the colourful vegetable animals in those__________.(photo) 2.It's a great__________when you try something new and succeed.(feel) 3.Outdoor __________are a great way to experience new things. (activity) 4. It was__________of you to try something new.(bravery) 5. The child was__________about the world around him.(curiosity) 6.The problem is becoming serious. We have to__________it.(discussion) 7.The heavy rain made it__________to go outside.(possible) 8.Kent got up late this morning. But ________, he caught the bus in time. (lucky) 9.The little boy became even _______ when he smelt the roast duck. (hunger) 句转练习 Rewrite the following sentences as required.（根据所给要求，改写下列句子, 每空格限填一词) 1.I have lived in Shanghai for more than thirty years.（对划线部分提问） __________ __________ have you lived in Shanghai? 2.They drove quickly to the scene of the accident. (改为否定句) They ________ ________ quickly to the scene of the accident. 3.I spent thirty minutes cleaning my bedroom yesterday. (保持原句意思) It ________ me thirty minutes to ________ my bedroom yesterday. 4. She likes modern buildings. She likes ancient buildings better. (两句合并成一句) She ________ ancient buildings ________ the modern ones. 5.I have bought some food and drinks for the picnic. (改为一般疑问句) ________ you ________ any food and drinks for the picnic? 6.The Smith have already moved into a new flat. (改为一般疑问句) ________ the Smith moved into a new flat ________ ? 7.It’s our duty to look after our pets.(保持句意基本不变) It’s our duty to ________ ________ ________ our pets. 8.We are going to stay there for two weeks．(划线提问) ________ ________are you going to stay there? 9.We call people from Canada Canadians. （对划线部分提问） ________ ________ we call people from Canada? 10.I’d like to live in a flat with a big balcony. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ you like to live? 2.话题阅读：Trying new things A. Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案) Middle school is a good time to try new things. Why not join a school club in your free time? Reading Club Do you enjoy reading different books? In the club, you can read all kinds of books and talk about them with the club members. You can also bring in your favourite books from home and share them with others. Mr. Wu will come and give lessons on some popular books. Time: 17:30—18:00, Monday Place: Room 401, Building l Please call Miss Tang at 832-1330 Sports Club Do you only watch sports games on TV at home? Come to our club. We have great teachers here to help you practice all kinds of ball games in a right way. You’ll have fun and build up your body.Time: 17:30—18:30, Tuesday Place: Playground Please call Mr. Liu at 832-1331 Science Club Come and learn more about the world. You can do some math games and talk with AI robots (机器人). You can also learn to design (设计) websites on the computer. Mr. Wang will give lessons here.Time: 17:30—18: 10, Wednesday Place: Room 302, Building 2 Please call Miss Zhang at 832-1332 Music Club Join the club if you are good at singing, dancing or playing musical instruments like the piano! At the end of the term, you’ll sing some songs together with your teachers in the school hall.Time: 17:30—18:20, Thursday Place: Room 503, Building 3 Please call Miss Xu at 832-1333 1．Who will give lessons in the Reading Club? A．Mr. Wu. B．Mr. Liu. C．Miss Zhang. D．Miss Xu. 2．Which is the phone number of the sports club? A．832-1330. B．832-1331. C．832-1332. D．832-1333. 3．What can students do in the Science Club? A．Read popular books. B．Watch sports games. C．Do math games. D．Play the piano. 4．Where is the Music Club? A．In Room 401, Building 1. B．In Room 302, Building 2. C．In Room 503, Building 3. D．In Room 302, Building 3. 5．Which club takes the most time? A．Reading Club. B．Sports Club. C．Science Club. D．Music Club. B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文) It is a sunny day. Emily takes the 28 to London with her family. This is her first time leaving her town. When they walk out of the train station, Emily starts to 29 . There are so 30 cars running here and there. Emily puts her hands over her ears, closes her 31 and thinks of her town with trees and grass. “Open your eyes, Emily. You don’t want to miss (错过) this,” her sister Diana says. Emily opens her eyes. People are everywhere and the buildings are very 32 . “Aren’t there any trees or grass around here?” Emily asks. Diana says, “I know you want to go back home, 33 why not look at the things around you? There are lots of new things.” Emily looks up and she finds many interesting things. They are really 34 . She’s interested in the buildings here now. Emily feels good and asks her parents, “Where are we going?” Her parents keep it a secret (秘密). “You will 35 ,” her mum says to her. 36 ten minutes’ walk, they come to a shop. “Wow! It’ s a toy shop!” Emily says. There are so many interesting toys in it. She can’t believe her eyes. “This is really a fantastic (极好的) 37 ,” Emily says. “I love it.” 28．A．bus B．train C．plane D．taxi 29．A．work B．study C．walk D．worry 30．A．many B．much C．little D．few 31．A．boxes B．hands C．books D．eyes 32．A．old B．modern C．little D．dirty 33．A．so B．or C．and D．but 34．A．healthy B．important C．different D．difficult 35．A．buy B．read C．see D．tell 36．A．On B．Before C．At D．After 37．A．place B．sport C．lesson D．Camp C. Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给） Would you like to go to Beijing, our capital? It’s far away from Guangzhou. It’s more than 2,000 kilometres from Beijing to Guangzhou. The city of Kunming is about 1,600 kilometres away from Guangzhou. It’s always very w___1___ there. But it’s very hot in summer in Wuhan. It’s 1,069 kilometres from Guangzhou to Wuhan. Changsha is near Guangzhou. It’s 707 kilometres from Changsha to Guangzhou. Do you know which c___2___is the biggest in China? It’s Shanghai. It’s 1,780 kilometres from Guangzhou to Shanghai. If you t___3___by air, you’ll find it very interesting and fast enough to fly from Guangzhou to Beijing. It only t___4___you about 3 hours and you’ll get there easily,safely and unhurriedly(从容不迫地).But travelling by train is quite d___5___. You have to stay on the train for over thirty hours to arrive in Beijing. More and more p___6___ like to travel by air. You can see why,can’t you? 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________ D. Answer the questions（根据以下内容回答问题） As a volunteer teacher, I traveled a long way to a small village school in Longzhou, Guangxi. On my way there, I thought about the village, the school and the children there. However, my heart sank (下沉) when I arrived there. It wasn’t what I expected. It didn’t look like a school at all! The school had only three rooms, one for Grades 1, 2 and 3, and the other for Grades 4, 5 and 6. There was a third one for me. The children welcomed me warmly on my first day. They asked me a lot of questions, and I told them stories about myself and my life in Shanghai. The next day, I gave them a test to find out their level (水平). To my surprise, though the test was easy, over half of the students failed (不及格) it, yet they all wanted to learn new things. I knew they needed me. I was busy preparing lessons, reading test papers every night. I enjoyed teaching these lovely and hard-working children, and I could see that they were making progress(进步) with my help. I have also learned a lot from them. I understand their lives better, and we are now good friends. I have worked in Longzhou for a year now. I’m very happy, and the experience has been very useful to me. I love the small village and the children. In fact, I would like to continue(继续) working here. 78．What does the writer do? 79．Where does the writer come from? 80．How many rooms are there in the school? 81．What does the underlined words “my heart sank” mean in the first paragraph? 82．What do you think of the volunteer teacher in the passage? 1 / 177A U1词汇语法+语法综合+阅读 七年级英语秋季班课程 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$